Gas turbine thermoacoustic combination equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses gas turbine thermo-acoustic combined equipment and method, and belongs to the technical field of gas turbine.The gas turbine thermo-acoustic combined equipment comprises a main body core engine, a gas compressor, a combustion chamber, a turbine device and an engine shaft are arranged in the main body core engine, the engine shaft is arranged in the main body core engine, and the interior of the engine shaft is in a hollow closed shape; a heat exchanger is embedded between the engine shaft and the combustion chamber, a cooler is embedded between the end, away from the combustion chamber, of the engine shaft and the gas compressor, the end, close to the gas compressor, of the engine is communicated with a thermo-acoustic device, and the engine shaft, the heat exchanger, the cooler and the thermo-acoustic device form the thermo-acoustic engine. Low-grade heat energy such as waste heat of the gas turbine is converted into high-strength sound energy, then the generated sound energy is efficiently converted into electric energy or mechanical energy to be recycled, the service life of the gas turbine is prolonged while a large amount of waste heat is consumed, the fuel oil utilization rate is increased, air entraining of a gas compressor is reduced, and the overall performance of the gas turbine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines, and in particular to a gas turbine thermoacoustic combined device and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the working principle of traditional gas turbines is that air is compressed by a compressor to produce high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas enters the combustion chamber and mixes with the fuel, the mixed gas burns in the combustion chamber to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas that drives the turbine to work, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged through the tail nozzle.

[0003] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the applicant has found that the large amount of waste heat generated by combustion in the combustion chamber not only causes thermal stress and thermal deformation to the structure around the gas turbine, which will degrade the performance of the material and reduce the service life of the gas turbine in the long run, but also requires the introduction of cold air for cooling the compressor through a complex air system, resulting in a decrease in the overall performance of the gas turbine. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a gas turbine thermoacoustic combination device and method, which utilizes low-grade thermal energy such as waste heat of the gas turbine to convert it into high-intensity acoustic energy, and then efficiently converts the generated acoustic energy into electrical energy or mechanical energy for recycling. While consuming a large amount of waste heat to increase the life of the gas turbine, it also improves fuel utilization, reduces compressor bleed air, and improves the overall performance of the gas turbine.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A gas turbine thermoacoustic combination device comprises a main core engine, wherein a compressor, a combustion chamber, a turbine device and an engine shaft are arranged in sequence in the main core engine, an engine shaft is arranged in the main core engine, the interior of the engine shaft is hollow and closed, a heat exchanger is embedded between the engine shaft and the combustion chamber, a cooler is embedded between the end of the engine shaft away from the combustion chamber and the compressor, an end of the engine close to the compressor is connected to the thermoacoustic device, and the engine shaft, the heat exchanger, the cooler and the thermoacoustic device constitute a thermoacoustic engine.

[0007] Furthermore, the thermoacoustic device includes a cylinder body, one end of which is interconnected with the engine shaft, a piston is arranged in the cylinder body, and a linear generator is connected to the side of the piston away from the engine shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the thermoacoustic device includes a cylinder body, one end of which is interconnected with the engine shaft, a piston is arranged in the cylinder body, a side of the piston away from the engine shaft is connected to a crank mechanism, and the crank mechanism is connected to a reciprocating generator.

[0009] Furthermore, a low-temperature chamber is provided at a position of the engine shaft close to the cooler.

[0010] Furthermore, a high temperature chamber is provided at a position of the engine shaft close to the heat exchanger.

[0011] A gas turbine thermoacoustic combination method comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: The engine shaft is filled with sealed working gas, the combustion chamber is used as a heat source, the compressor is used as a cold source, and the engine shaft is used as a resonance chamber. The resonance chamber is divided into a high temperature chamber and a low temperature chamber. The high temperature chamber is placed in the combustion chamber, and the low temperature chamber is placed in the compressor.

[0013] Step 2: Start the gas turbine, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber increases, and the gas inside the high-temperature chamber is heated by the heat exchanger. The gas mass in the high-temperature chamber expands due to the heat, and the gas moves to the low-temperature chamber, driving the piston to work outward. As the gas mass in the high-temperature chamber moves to the low-temperature chamber, the gas mass in the low-temperature chamber exchanges heat with the low-temperature airflow passing through the compressor through the cooler, and releases heat and contracts. At the same time, due to the displacement of the gas mass in the high-temperature chamber to the low-temperature chamber, a local negative pressure is caused in the high-temperature chamber, and the low-temperature chamber becomes a local high-pressure area, and the high-temperature chamber becomes a local low-pressure area, pushing the gas mass to move toward the high-temperature chamber, thereby driving the piston to move inward, realizing the reciprocating motion of the piston;

[0014] Step 3: Continuously repeat the above step 2, and continuously convert the waste heat generated in the combustion chamber into acoustic mechanical energy through the thermoacoustic device, and the acoustic mechanical energy is then converted into electrical energy, thereby realizing the conversion from waste heat to electrical energy.

[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) By converting low-grade thermal energy such as waste heat from gas turbines into high-intensity acoustic energy, and then efficiently converting the generated acoustic energy into electrical energy or mechanical energy for recycling, a large amount of waste heat is consumed to extend the life of the gas turbine, while improving fuel utilization, reducing compressor bleed air, and improving the overall performance of the gas turbine;

[0017] (2) The combination of an efficient and compact gas turbine and a thermoacoustic device uses the waste heat of the combustion chamber as a heat source and integrates a high-efficiency heat exchanger to provide heat for the thermoacoustic device. The engine shaft is used as a resonant straight pipe to generate acoustic oscillations in the shaft to complete the conversion of heat energy and acoustic energy. The compressed gas generated by the compressor is used as a cold source, and the integrated cooler releases heat to the high-temperature gas in the engine shaft, thereby achieving self-sustaining thermoacoustic device. The waste heat of the combustion chamber in the gas turbine is continuously converted into electrical energy. While consuming a large amount of waste heat to increase the life of the gas turbine, it further improves fuel utilization, reduces compressor bleed air, and improves the overall performance of the gas turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gas turbine in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Main core engine; 2. Compressor; 3. Combustion chamber; 4. Turbine device; 5. Engine shaft; 51. High temperature chamber; 52. Low temperature chamber; 6. Cylinder block; 7. Piston; 8. Linear generator; 9. Cooler; 10. Heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with all the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] In existing gas turbines, the power of various external accessories and generators comes from the high-speed rotating low-pressure turbine shaft. A bevel gear pair is set at the front end of the low-pressure turbine shaft to extract the shaft power of the low-pressure turbine to the external accessories through a long rotating rod and a reduction box, while the large amount of waste heat generated by the combustion chamber of the gas turbine is not effectively utilized. At the same time, a complex cooling system needs to be designed for the surrounding structure of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine to ensure the reliability of the structural materials.

[0022] This embodiment utilizes the thermoacoustic effect: that is, in a closed resonant cavity filled with high-pressure gas, heat is added to the heat exchange area at a specific position (heating area), so that the tiny air mass in the cavity expands and generates the first pressure disturbance wave front that propagates to both ends. The expanded tiny air mass moves to the cooling area (heat dissipation area) and contracts when it encounters cold. At this time, the heating area over-expands and becomes a low-pressure area, thereby pushing the air mass back. At the same time, the first pressure wave front propagates to the end of the resonant cavity and reflects back. The reflected wave is superimposed on the contracting moving air mass, reaching saturation and forming a continuous resonant wave. The above process is repeated, and the heat energy is continuously converted into acoustic mechanical energy. The device that applies the above effect is a thermoacoustic effect device.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a gas turbine thermoacoustic combination device, including a main core engine 1, wherein a compressor 2, a combustion chamber 3, a turbine device 4 and an engine shaft 5 are arranged in sequence in the main core engine 1, and an engine shaft 5 is arranged in the main core engine 1, wherein the engine shaft 5 is arranged in sequence, wherein the interior of the engine shaft 5 is hollow and closed, wherein a heat exchanger 10 is embedded between the engine shaft 5 and the combustion chamber 3, wherein a cooler 9 is embedded between the end of the engine shaft 5 away from the combustion chamber 3 and the compressor 2, wherein the end of the engine close to the compressor 2 is connected with the thermoacoustic device, and the engine shaft 5, the heat exchanger 10, the cooler 9 and the thermoacoustic device constitute a thermoacoustic engine.

[0024] The highly efficient and compact combined engine of a gas turbine and a thermoacoustic device uses the waste heat of the combustion chamber 3 as a heat source to provide heat for the thermoacoustic device, utilizes the engine shaft 5 as a resonant straight pipe to generate acoustic oscillations in the shaft to complete the conversion of thermal energy and acoustic energy, and utilizes the compressed gas generated by the compressor 2 as a cold source to release heat to the high-temperature gas in the engine shaft 5, thereby achieving self-sustaining of the thermoacoustic device and continuously utilizing the waste heat of the combustion chamber 3 in the gas turbine to be converted into electrical energy.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment, the thermoacoustic device includes a cylinder body 6, one end of which is interconnected with the engine shaft 5, a piston 7 is provided in the cylinder body 6, and a linear generator 8 is connected to the side of the piston 7 away from the engine shaft 5. A cooler 9 is installed in the compressor 2, and the end of the engine shaft 5 away from the combustion chamber 3 is close to the cooler 9. A low-temperature chamber 52 is provided at the position of the engine shaft 5 close to the cooler 9. A heat exchanger 10 is installed in the combustion chamber 3, and the end of the engine shaft 5 close to the combustion chamber 3 is close to the heat exchanger 10. A high-temperature chamber 51 is provided at the position of the engine shaft 5 close to the heat exchanger 10. By utilizing the thermoacoustic effect, the waste heat generated by the gas turbine is continuously and efficiently converted into mechanical energy or electrical energy. The integrated and efficient heat exchanger 10 provides heat for the thermoacoustic device, and uses the engine shaft 5 as a resonant straight tube to generate sound wave oscillations in the shaft to complete the conversion of heat energy and sound wave energy. The compressed gas generated by the compressor 2 is used as a cold source, and the integrated cooler 9 releases heat for the high-temperature gas in the engine shaft 5, thereby realizing the self-sustaining of the thermoacoustic device. The piston 7 continuously reciprocates, driving the linear generator 8 to generate electricity, and continuously utilizing the waste heat of the combustion chamber 3 in the gas turbine to convert it into electrical energy. While consuming a large amount of waste heat to increase the life of the gas turbine, it further improves the fuel utilization rate, reduces the air intake of the compressor 2, and further improves the overall performance of the gas turbine.

[0026] The thermoacoustic device in the present invention can also be a piston 7-crank mechanism, which converts linear reciprocating motion into circular motion. The thermoacoustic device includes a cylinder 6, one end of which is interconnected with the engine shaft 5, and a piston 7 is arranged in the cylinder 6. The side of the piston 7 away from the engine shaft 5 is connected to the crank mechanism, and the crank mechanism is connected to a reciprocating generator. In this way, the thermoacoustic device is self-sustaining, and the piston 7 continuously reciprocates, driving the crank mechanism and the reciprocating generator to move and generate electricity.

[0027] A gas turbine thermoacoustic combination method comprises the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: The engine shaft 5 is filled with sealed working gas, the combustion chamber 3 serves as a heat source, the compressor 2 serves as a cold source, and the engine shaft 5 serves as a resonance chamber. The resonance chamber is divided into a high temperature chamber 51 and a low temperature chamber 52. The high temperature chamber 51 is placed in the combustion chamber 3, and the low temperature chamber 52 is placed in the compressor 2.

[0029] Step 2: Start the gas turbine, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 3 increases, and the gas inside the high temperature chamber 51 is heated by the heat exchanger 10. The gas mass in the high temperature chamber 51 expands due to the heat, and the gas moves toward the low temperature chamber 52, driving the piston 7 to work outward. As the gas mass in the high temperature chamber 51 moves to the low temperature chamber 52, the gas mass in the low temperature chamber 52 exchanges heat with the low temperature airflow passing through the compressor 2 through the cooler 9, thereby releasing heat and contracting. At the same time, since the gas mass in the high temperature chamber 51 moves to the low temperature chamber 52, a local negative pressure is caused in the high temperature chamber 52, and the low temperature chamber 52 becomes a local high pressure area, and the high temperature chamber 51 becomes a local low pressure area, pushing the gas mass to move toward the high temperature chamber 51, thereby driving the piston 7 to move inward, realizing the reciprocating motion of the piston 7.

[0030] Step 3: Continuously repeat the above step 2, and continuously convert the waste heat generated by the combustion chamber 3 into acoustic mechanical energy through the thermoacoustic device, and the acoustic mechanical energy is then converted into electrical energy, thereby realizing the conversion from waste heat to electrical energy.

[0031] By utilizing the waste heat of the gas turbine and other low-grade thermal energy to convert it into high-intensity sound energy, and then efficiently converting the generated sound energy into electrical energy or mechanical energy for recycling, while consuming a large amount of waste heat to increase the life of the gas turbine, it also improves the fuel utilization rate, reduces the bleed air of compressor 2, and improves the overall performance of the gas turbine.

[0032] The implementation principle of a gas turbine thermoacoustic combined device and method according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0033] A single-cylinder piston 7 is installed inside a conventional gas turbine, one end of the piston 7 is externally connected to a linear generator 8 (or a crankshaft structure, a reciprocating generator), and the other end of the piston 7 is connected to an engine shaft 5. The engine shaft 5 is filled with a sealed working gas, the combustion chamber 3 of the gas turbine serves as a heat source, the engine shaft 5 serves as a resonance chamber, and the compressed air of the cooler 9 in the compressor 2 serves as a cold source. Heat is added to the heat exchanger 10 through the combustion chamber 3 to heat the gas inside the high temperature chamber 51. The gas expands due to the heat and moves toward the low temperature chamber 52, and then expands toward the piston 7 to do work, driving the piston 7 to move outward. As the gas in the high temperature chamber 51 moves to the low temperature chamber 52, the gas releases heat and contracts when passing through the cooler 9, causing the gas in the high temperature chamber 51 to expand due to overheating, thereby generating a low-pressure zone, driving the gas back, and thus driving the piston 7 to move back. The above process is continuously circulated, and the waste heat generated by the combustion chamber 3 can be continuously converted into acoustic mechanical energy, and the acoustic mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy through the high-efficiency linear generator 8 (or a crankshaft structure, a reciprocating generator). The converted electrical energy can be used as a power source for external accessories, improving fuel efficiency and the overall performance of the gas turbine.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas turbine thermoacoustic combined device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main core engine (1), wherein a compressor (2), a combustion chamber (3), a turbine device (4) and an engine shaft (5) are arranged in the main core engine (1), wherein the compressor (2), the combustion chamber (3) and the turbine device (4) are arranged in sequence in the main core engine (1), wherein an engine shaft (5) is arranged in the main core engine (1), wherein the interior of the engine shaft (5) is hollow and sealed, wherein a heat exchanger (10) is embedded between the engine shaft (5) and the combustion chamber (3), wherein a cooler (9) is embedded between the end of the engine shaft (5) away from the combustion chamber (3) and the compressor (2), wherein the end of the engine close to the compressor (2) is connected to a thermoacoustic device, wherein the engine shaft (5), the heat exchanger (10), the cooler (9) and the thermoacoustic device constitute a thermoacoustic engine.

2. A gas turbine thermoacoustic combined device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoacoustic device comprises a cylinder (6), one end of which is in communication with an engine shaft (5), a piston (7) is arranged in the cylinder (6), and a linear generator (8) is connected to the side of the piston (7) away from the engine shaft (5).

3. A gas turbine thermoacoustic combined device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoacoustic device comprises a cylinder (6), one end of which is connected to an engine shaft (5), a piston (7) is arranged in the cylinder (6), a side of the piston (7) away from the engine shaft (5) is connected to a crank mechanism, and the crank mechanism is connected to a reciprocating generator.

4. A gas turbine thermoacoustic combined device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low-temperature chamber (52) is provided at a position of the engine shaft (5) close to the cooler (9).

5. A gas turbine thermoacoustic combined device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high temperature chamber (51) is provided at a position of the engine shaft (5) close to the heat exchanger (10).

6. A gas turbine thermoacoustic combination method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The engine shaft (5) is filled with sealed working gas, the combustion chamber (3) is used as a heat source, the compressor (2) is used as a cold source, and the engine shaft (5) is used as a resonance chamber. The resonance chamber is divided into a high temperature chamber (51) and a low temperature chamber (52). The high temperature chamber (51) is placed in the combustion chamber (3), and the low temperature chamber (52) is placed in the compressor (2); Step 2: Start the gas turbine, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber (3) rises, and the gas inside the high temperature chamber (51) is heated by the heat exchanger (10). The gas mass in the high temperature chamber (51) expands due to the heat, and the gas moves toward the low temperature chamber (52), driving the piston (7) to work outward. As the gas mass in the high temperature chamber (51) moves to the low temperature chamber (52), the gas mass in the low temperature chamber (52) exchanges heat with the low temperature airflow passing through the compressor (2) through the cooler (9), thereby releasing heat and contracting. At the same time, due to the displacement of the gas mass in the high temperature chamber (51) to the low temperature chamber (52), a local negative pressure is caused in the high temperature chamber (52), and the low temperature chamber (52) becomes a local high pressure area, and the high temperature chamber (51) becomes a local low pressure area, pushing the gas mass to move toward the high temperature chamber (51), thereby driving the piston (7) to move inward, realizing the reciprocating motion of the piston (7); Step 3: Continuously repeat the above step 2, and continuously convert the waste heat generated by the combustion chamber (3) into acoustic mechanical energy through the thermoacoustic device, and the acoustic mechanical energy is then converted into electrical energy, thereby realizing the conversion from waste heat to electrical energy.

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