Stop gasket

Abstract

The locking gasket comprises a gasket body, a plurality of anti-loosening teeth and a plurality of through holes, the anti-loosening teeth and the through holes are formed in the inner side of the gasket body, and each through hole corresponds to a threaded hole of the end needing to be fixed. The number of the anti-loose teeth is the same as that of the through holes, and each anti-loose tooth corresponds to one through hole; the arrangement of the anti-loose teeth and the through holes meets the following conditions: # imgabs0 #, B is the width of the anti-loose teeth, H is the distance from the top points of the anti-loose teeth to the centers of the through holes, and e is the diagonal distance of nuts on the bolts. Through holes corresponding to threaded holes of the end needing to be fixed are formed in a gasket body of the locking gasket, anti-loosening teeth corresponding to the through holes are arranged, and bolts penetrate through the through holes to be connected with the threaded holes of the end needing to be fixed respectively. And then the anti-loosening teeth are bent to be attached to the peripheral faces of nuts of the bolts, so that the multiple bolts can be limited in the circumferential direction, and the anti-loosening effect is achieved. The locking gasket can be used for connecting and fixing a plurality of bolts, the anti-loosening effect of the bolts can be guaranteed at the same time, and the reliability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bolt fastening reliability, and in particular to a stop washer. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of rail transportation, higher requirements are placed on the reliability of traction motors. Bolt fastening is a common connection method in the assembly process of traction motor components. When bolt fastening is used, anti-loosening washers, thread fastening glue, etc. are usually used to ensure that the bolts will not loosen during the operation of the traction motor.

[0003] Take the mechanical structure of a certain type of subway motor at the non-drive end as an example. The motor is equipped with an external oil seal, a fan, and a shaft end baffle at the non-drive end of the shaft. Figure 1 , the shaft end baffle, fan and outer oil seal are connected and fastened together by four bolts 01 distributed on the outer circumference and spring washers; then the shaft end baffle and other parts are installed on the end face of the rotating shaft by three bolts 02 distributed on the inner circumference and triangular washers, and finally the three corners of the triangular washers are knocked to fit tightly with the bolts and nuts to complete the assembly. In the above fastening methods, the two anti-loosening methods are independent of each other and have low reliability. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a stop gasket to solve the technical problem of low reliability of the anti-loosening method in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a stop washer is provided, comprising a washer body, a plurality of anti-loosening teeth formed inside the washer body, and a plurality of through holes, each of the through holes corresponding to a threaded hole of a required fixed end; the number of the anti-loosening teeth is the same as the number of the through holes, and each of the anti-loosening teeth corresponds to a through hole; the arrangement of the anti-loosening teeth and the through holes needs to meet the following conditions: Among them, B is the width of the anti-loosening tooth, H is the distance from the vertex of the anti-loosening tooth to the center of the through hole, and e is the diagonal distance of the nut on the bolt.

[0007] Furthermore, the arrangement of the anti-loosening teeth and the through holes needs to meet the following conditions: Where k is the height of the bolt head.

[0008] Furthermore, the anti-loosening teeth and the through hole need to satisfy the following condition: H≥s / 2+k, where s is the distance between opposite sides of the nut on the bolt, and k is the height of the bolt head.

[0009] Furthermore, the anti-loosening teeth and the through holes need to meet the following conditions: Wherein, L2 is the distance from the root of the anti-loosening tooth to the center of the through hole, and L2 is decomposed into a horizontal direction a and a vertical direction b, a=B / 2, d w is the diameter of the bolt pressure surface, and s is the distance between the opposite sides of the nut on the bolt.

[0010] Furthermore, the top end of the anti-loosening tooth is designed to be an arc, and the center of a circle corresponding to the arc coincides with the center of a circle of the through hole close to the anti-loosening tooth.

[0011] Furthermore, the gasket body is circular, and the symmetry axis of the anti-loosening teeth located on the inner circumference of the gasket body points to the center of the gasket body.

[0012] Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole satisfies the following conditions: s When ≥6mm, d=d s +1, and d <d w When d s <6mm, d s <d<d w , where d is the diameter of the through hole, d w is the diameter of the bolt pressure surface, d s is the diameter of the stud.

[0013] The stop gasket provided by the present invention is provided with through holes corresponding to the threaded holes of the required fixed ends on the gasket body, and anti-loosening teeth are provided corresponding to each through hole, and bolts are respectively passed through the through holes and connected with the threaded holes of the required fixed ends; then the anti-loosening teeth are bent and fit with the outer peripheral surface of the nut of the bolt, so that circumferential limit can be achieved for multiple bolts to achieve the anti-loosening effect. The above-mentioned stop gasket can be used for the connection and fixation of multiple bolts, and can simultaneously ensure the anti-loosening effect of multiple bolts, and has high reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of bolt fastening for connecting multiple components in the prior art;

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the stop gasket in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals:

[0018] 1. Gasket body; 2. Anti-loosening teeth; 3. Through hole; 4. Bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly set on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0021] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0022] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0023] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0024] The embodiment of the present application provides a stopper gasket, comprising a gasket body, a plurality of anti-loosening teeth formed inside the gasket body, and a plurality of through holes, each of which corresponds to a threaded hole of a required fixed end; the number of anti-loosening teeth is the same as the number of through holes, and each anti-loosening tooth corresponds to a through hole. The setting of the anti-loosening teeth and the through holes needs to meet the following conditions: Among them, B is the width of the anti-loosening tooth, H is the distance from the vertex of the anti-loosening tooth to the center of the through hole, and e is the diagonal distance of the nut on the bolt.

[0025] Stop washers are usually used between bolts and fasteners. After being bent, they form a mechanical limit with the bolts, thereby achieving the effect of preventing the bolts from loosening. In the prior art, triangular washers are mostly used, which can only be used to fix the connection of a single component, and cannot fix multiple components at the same time and achieve the anti-loosening effect; for the connection and fixation of multiple components, if stop washers are not used, the bolts must be used in conjunction with anti-loosening methods such as spring washers, but the above anti-loosening methods are independent of each other and have low reliability. Combining triangular washers with anti-loosening methods such as spring washers will not only increase material costs, but the two anti-loosening methods are also independent of each other and have low reliability.

[0026] The stop gasket of the embodiment of the present application can be designed as a porous gasket as required, which can ensure the connection and fixation between multiple components at the same time. A through hole corresponding to the threaded hole of the required fixed end is set on the gasket body, and an anti-loosening tooth is set corresponding to each through hole, and the bolts are respectively passed through the through holes and connected with the threaded holes of the required fixed ends; then the anti-loosening teeth are bent and fit with the outer peripheral surface of the nut of the bolt, so that circumferential limitation can be achieved for multiple bolts to achieve the anti-loosening effect. The above-mentioned stop gasket can be used for the connection and fixation of multiple bolts, with a compact structure, and can ensure the anti-loosening effect of multiple bolts at the same time, and has high reliability. In addition, the setting of the size relationship between the anti-loosening teeth and the through hole ensures that no matter what state (circumferential angle) the bolt is in, the top of the anti-loosening teeth is all within the bending range, avoiding the intersection of the bending line and the top of the anti-loosening teeth, thereby causing bending difficulties.

[0027] In the stop gasket of the embodiment of the present application, each through hole is provided with a corresponding anti-loosening tooth, and the multiple anti-loosening teeth need to be designed not to interfere with each other. The above-mentioned stop gasket can also be used in the case of three bolts connected and fixed. In this case, the three anti-loosening teeth are oriented to the center of the gasket body. The number of through holes and the number of anti-loosening teeth are set according to the number of threaded holes at the required fixed end. The multiple anti-loosening teeth have different orientations and need to be ensured not to interfere with each other. Figure 2 The width of the anti-loosening tooth refers to the distance between the two parallel sides of the anti-loosening tooth; the vertex of the anti-loosening tooth refers to the point where the anti-loosening tooth is farthest from the through hole.

[0028] In some embodiments, the arrangement of the anti-loosening teeth and the through holes needs to meet the following conditions: Where k is the height of the bolt head. This formula ensures that when the bolt is in an extremely bad state, the highest point of the anti-loosening tooth after bending is not lower than the nut, thereby increasing the contact area between the anti-loosening tooth and the nut and maximizing the anti-loosening effect.

[0029] In some embodiments, the anti-loosening teeth and the through hole need to meet the following condition: H≥s / 2+k, where s is the distance between the opposite sides of the nut on the bolt, and k is the height of the bolt head. This formula ensures that when the bolt is in an excellent state, the highest point of the anti-loosening teeth after bending is not lower than the nut, thereby increasing the contact area between the anti-loosening teeth and the nut and maximizing the anti-loosening effect.

[0030] In some embodiments, the anti-loosening teeth and the through holes need to meet the following conditions: Among them, L2 is the distance from the root of the anti-loosening tooth to the center of the through hole. L2 is decomposed into transverse a and longitudinal b, a = B / 2, d w is the diameter of the bolt pressure surface, and s is the distance between the opposite sides of the nut on the bolt.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, The root of the anti-loosening tooth does not intersect with the pressure-bearing surface of the bolt, so that the pressure-bearing area of ​​the stop gasket is as large as possible, maximizing the anti-loosening effect. These two formulas ensure that when the bolt is in an excellent condition, the anti-loosening teeth will not lift up the roots of the anti-loosening teeth when bending; if the anti-loosening teeth lift up the roots of the anti-loosening teeth when bending, it will make bending very difficult. The formula ensures that when the bolt is in an extremely bad condition, the root of the anti-loosening tooth will not be lifted when the anti-loosening tooth is bent.

[0032] Furthermore, the top of the anti-loosening tooth is designed to be an arc, and the center of the circle corresponding to the arc coincides with the center of the circle of the through hole near the anti-loosening tooth. In the embodiment of the present application, the top of the anti-loosening tooth is designed to be an arc, so that when the bolt and the top of the anti-loosening tooth are at different angles, the height of the anti-loosening tooth after bending remains consistent; in addition, the center of the circle corresponding to the arc coincides with the center of the circle of the through hole near the anti-loosening tooth, that is, the radius of the arc is H, which is more convenient for processing.

[0033] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 , the width of the anti-loosening tooth is set to B, the distance from the vertex of the anti-loosening tooth to the center of the through hole is H, the distance from the root of the anti-loosening tooth to the center of the through hole is L2, and L2 is decomposed into the horizontal a and the longitudinal b. Where a = B / 2. To ensure that the anti-loosening teeth keep the same height as much as possible after bending at different bolt angles, the top of the anti-loosening teeth is set to an arc shape, and the center of the arc is set at the center of the through hole for easy processing, that is, the arc radius is also H.

[0034] (1) In the best case, the width of the anti-loosening tooth should not be less than the single-side width of the nut, so as to maximize the contact area between the anti-loosening tooth and the nut, thereby maximizing the anti-loosening effect. Assuming that the side length of the hexagon of the nut is L1, then Then we have: After bending, the anti-loosening teeth should not be lower than the nut, so H≥s / 2+k. In order to ensure that the bearing area of ​​the stop gasket is as large as possible, the root of the anti-loosening teeth should not intersect with the bearing surface, so L2>d w / 2. To ensure that the root of the anti-loosening tooth is not lifted when the anti-loosening tooth is bent, b

[0035] (2) In the worst case, in order to facilitate bending, the anti-loosening tooth top arc should be within the bending range, then After bending, the highest point of the anti-loosening tooth should not be lower than the nut. Set the (x, y) coordinate system with the center of the through hole as the origin, and the edge of the nut that the anti-loosening tooth is close to after bending as the straight line. The equation of the straight line is: The vertex coordinates of the anti-loosening tooth are: The root coordinates of the anti-loosening tooth are: (a, -b). According to the distance formula from point to straight line:

[0036] In order to ensure that the root of the anti-loosening tooth is not lifted when the anti-loosening tooth is bent,

[0037] To ensure that the root of the anti-loosening tooth will not be bent at any angle of the bolt, in the best case, there is a straight line equation for the bevel of the nut: At this point you should have:

[0038] In summary, considering two extreme cases, the anti-loosening teeth and through holes need to meet the following conditions:

[0039] Where a = B / 2;

[0040]

[0041] H ≥ s / 2+k;

[0042]

[0043] Based on experience, b is usually set to 2.5. Usually, the anti-loosening teeth after bending do not need to be higher than the nut, so H can be made as small as possible while satisfying the above formula.

[0044] ​Furthermore, when using the stop gasket of the embodiment of the present application, in order to facilitate the chisel to tilt the anti-loosening teeth, the anti-loosening teeth of the stop gasket are generally pre-bent before use. The pre-bending height should be greater than the thickness of the chisel blade (2mm to 3mm), that is, the pre-bending thickness is set to be greater than or equal to 3mm. The pre-bending length of the anti-loosening teeth can be determined according to the situation.

[0045] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, without other restrictions, the gasket body is circular, and the symmetry axis of the anti-loosening teeth located in the inner circumference points to the center of the gasket body. Figure 2 . If there is enough space, the symmetry axis of the anti-loosening teeth located in the outer circumference is also designed to point to the center of the gasket body. If there is insufficient space, the symmetry axis of the anti-loosening teeth located in the outer circumference can be set according to actual needs, preferably in a direction with an angle of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, or 90° with the horizontal line in the plane of the gasket body, for easy processing.

[0046] In some other embodiments, the diameter of the through hole satisfies the following conditions: s When ≥6mm, d=d s +1, and d <d w When d s When <6mm, d is greater than and infinitely close to d s , where d is the diameter of the through hole, d w is the diameter of the bolt pressure surface, d s is the diameter of the stud.

[0047] Specifically, the through hole diameter is set to d, and the bolt pressure surface should be on the stop washer, otherwise the stop washer is in a loose state and cannot play a role in preventing loosening; then d should satisfy: d <d w At the same time, the stud should be able to pass through the through hole, otherwise the installation cannot be completed, then d>d s In summary, we should have d s <d<d w .

[0048] The larger the bearing area of ​​the stop gasket, the smaller the deformation of the stop gasket after the bolt is tightened, and the lower the risk of failure of the stop gasket. Therefore, d should be as close to d as possible. s Usually d s Take the nominal diameter of the bolt, consider the roundness of the size and the position of the bolt circle, and in order to reduce the difficulty of processing, it is recommended to select the optimal value: when d s When ≥6mm, d=d s +1, and d <d w When d s <6mm, d should be larger than and as close to d as possible s .

[0049] Example

[0050] Refer to Figure 2 , for the mechanical structure of the non-driving end of a certain type of subway motor, the stop washer is made of Q195 steel plate with a thickness of 1 mm, and its outer surface is galvanized and subjected to chromate color gloss treatment. The stop washer is circular with an outer diameter of 90 mm. Among the seven through holes 3, three through holes 3 located in the inner circumferential direction are distributed on the circumference where the bolts 4 with a diameter of 36 mm are located, and four through holes 3 located in the outer circumferential direction are distributed on the circumferences where two bolts 4 with a diameter of 68 mm are located.

[0051] The bolt 4 uses an M8 hexagon head bolt 4, then k = 5.3, d w = 11.63, e = 14.38, s = 13, d s = 8.

[0052] According to the formula d = d s +1, then d = 9.

[0053] According to the formula Then B < 16.2.

[0054] According to the formula Then B < 11.5.

[0055] According to the formula Then B > 10.6.

[0056] In summary, 10.6 < B < 11.5 is obtained. Considering the roundness of the dimensions, B = 11 can be taken.

[0057] According to the formula H ≥ s / 2 + k, then H ≥ 11.8.

[0058] Substitute into the formula Then H > 11.53.

[0059] In summary, H > 11.8 is obtained. To ensure the roundness of the dimensions, H = 12 can be taken.

[0060] According to the formula Then B < 16.66, taking B = 11 can meet the requirements.

[0061] Therefore, the stop washer can be designed with d = 9, H = 12, and B = 11.

[0062] Each through hole 3 is correspondingly provided with a locking tooth 2. The locking tooth 2 is 12 mm long and 11 mm wide. Before use, the locking tooth 2 is pre-bent. The pre-bending length is 5 mm, the pre-bending height is 3 mm, and the outer fillet of the pre-bending is R3. For the three bolts 4 distributed on the circumference where the bolts 4 with a diameter of 36 mm are located, the center lines of the corresponding locking teeth 2 all point to the center of the circle. Since the three Due to the influence of the through hole 3, the corresponding anti-loosening teeth 2 for the four bolts 4 distributed on the circumference of the 68mm diameter bolt 4 cannot be arranged radially. Therefore, the two upper anti-loosening teeth 2 are arranged at a 30° direction vertically to the plane where the gasket body 1 is located to avoid the 1 bolt 4 above the 36mm diameter bolt 4 circle. Through hole 3; the two anti-loosening teeth 2 below are arranged in the horizontal direction to avoid the two below the 36mm diameter bolt 4 circle Through hole 3. The rest of the stop gasket can be smoothly transitioned.

[0063] Method of using the above-mentioned 7-hole stop gasket: The 7-hole stop gasket needs to be installed when installing the 4 bolts 4 located on the outer circumference. The 7-hole stop gasket, the shaft end baffle, the fan and the outer oil seal are connected and fastened by the 4 bolts 4 to form a whole; then the above-mentioned whole is installed on the end face of the rotating shaft by the 3 bolts 4 located on the inner circumference. After confirming the tightening torque with a torque wrench, bend the 7 anti-loosening teeth 2 on the 7-hole stop gasket one by one and fit them to the outer surface of the nut of the corresponding bolt 4, thereby realizing circumferential limitation of the 7 bolts 4 and achieving an anti-loosening effect.

[0064] The stop gasket of the embodiment of the present application can connect multiple components at the same time, and at the same time ensure the anti-loosening effect of multiple bolts that are not on the same circumference, with high reliability; there is no need to use other anti-loosening elements such as spring washers, which reduces material costs; there is no need to consider the restrictions of the triangular gasket on the position of the bolts located in the outer circumference, the structure is compact, the hole spacing between the through holes can be smaller, and torque verification can be performed, with a large design margin. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals and technicians in this field to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in this field, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A stop washer, characterized in that: It comprises a gasket body, a plurality of anti-loosening teeth and a plurality of through holes formed inside the gasket body, each of the through holes corresponds to a threaded hole of a required fixing end; the number of the anti-loosening teeth is the same as the number of the through holes, and each of the anti-loosening teeth corresponds to one of the through holes; The arrangement of the anti-loosening teeth and the through holes needs to meet the following conditions: Among them, B is the width of the anti-loosening tooth, H is the distance from the vertex of the anti-loosening tooth to the center of the through hole, and e is the diagonal distance of the nut on the bolt.

2. The stop washer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement of the anti-loosening teeth and the through holes needs to meet the following conditions: Where k is the height of the bolt head.

3. The stop washer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-loosening teeth and the through hole need to meet the following condition: H≥s / 2+k, where s is the distance between the opposite sides of the nut on the bolt, and k is the height of the bolt head.

4. The stop washer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-loosening teeth and the through holes need to meet the following conditions: Wherein, L2 is the distance from the root of the anti-loosening tooth to the center of the through hole, and L2 is decomposed into a horizontal direction a and a vertical direction b. d w is the diameter of the bolt pressure surface, and s is the distance between the opposite sides of the nut on the bolt.

5. The stop washer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top end of the anti-loosening tooth is designed to be arc-shaped, and the center of a circle corresponding to the arc coincides with the center of a circle of the through hole close to the anti-loosening tooth.

6. The stop washer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gasket body is circular, and the symmetry axis of the anti-loosening teeth located on the inner circumference of the gasket body points to the center of the gasket body.

7. The stop washer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the through hole satisfies the following conditions: s When ≥6mm, d=d s +1, and d <d w When d s <6mm, d s <d<d w , where d is the diameter of the through hole, d w is the diameter of the bolt pressure surface, d s is the diameter of the stud.

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