Form rendering method, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The invention discloses a form rendering method, electronic equipment, a storage medium and a program product, and relates to the technical field of computers, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a to-be-rendered form, carrying out field division on the to-be-rendered form to obtain a plurality of to-be-rendered groups, and rendering the to-be-rendered form by obtaining attribute information of the plurality of to-be-rendered groups. Target resource modules for rendering the to-be-rendered groups are determined according to the attribute information, the target resource modules are the first processor, the second processor or the cloud server, then the to-be-rendered groups corresponding to the target resource modules are rendered through the target resource modules, and finally a rendered form is obtained. According to the method, the resources of the heterogeneous resource module, namely the first processor, the second processor or the cloud server, are fully utilized, and when the to-be-rendered form is rendered, the corresponding to-be-rendered group in the to-be-rendered form is rendered by utilizing the heterogeneous resource module, so that the form rendering efficiency is improved, and the user experience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular to a form rendering method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of computer technology, World Wide Web (Web) applications have been widely used in various fields. Among them, forms are one of the core components for Web applications to interact with users. The rendering performance of forms will directly affect the user experience.

[0003] In the related art, when a form is rendered, it is usually rendered by using a resource module, such as a resource of a central processing unit (CPU). However, the efficiency of form rendering in the above method is low, and the user experience is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a form rendering method, electronic device, storage medium and program product to at least solve the problems of low form rendering efficiency and poor user experience in the related art.

[0005] This application provides a form rendering method, including:

[0006] Get the form to be rendered;

[0007] Divide the form to be rendered into fields to obtain multiple groups to be rendered, each of which includes one field or multiple fields;

[0008] Get the attribute information of multiple groups to be rendered;

[0009] Determine, according to the attribute information of the plurality of groups to be rendered, a target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered, wherein the target resource module is the first processor, the second processor or a cloud server, and the image processing capability of the first processor is smaller than that of the second processor;

[0010] The to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module is rendered through the target resource module to obtain a rendered form.

[0011] The present application also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; and a controller for implementing the steps of any of the above-mentioned form rendering methods when executing the computer program.

[0012] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein when the computer program is executed by a controller, the steps of any of the above-mentioned form rendering methods are implemented.

[0013] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned form rendering methods when executed by a controller.

[0014] Through the present application, the obtained form to be rendered is divided into fields to obtain multiple groups to be rendered, and the attribute information of the multiple groups to be rendered is obtained, and the target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered is determined according to the attribute information, wherein the target resource module is the first processor, the second processor or the cloud server, and then the group to be rendered corresponding to the target resource module is rendered through the target resource module, and finally the rendered form is obtained. The method of the present application makes full use of the resources of the heterogeneous resource module, i.e., the first processor, the second processor or the cloud server. When rendering the form to be rendered, the corresponding groups to be rendered in the form to be rendered are rendered respectively by using the heterogeneous resource modules, thereby improving the rendering efficiency of the form and thus improving the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 A flowchart of a form rendering method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 A task dependency graph provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for determining a target resource module for rendering each to-be-rendered group provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 A flowchart of another method for determining target resource modules for rendering each to-be-rendered group provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 A flowchart of a method for rendering a corresponding to-be-rendered group through a target resource module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 7 A flowchart of a method for rendering each to-be-rendered group according to a rendering order provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a form rendering device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0027] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in one or more embodiments of this specification are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, and corresponding operation entrances shall be provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0028] With the rapid development of computer technology, Web applications are widely used in multiple scenarios, and their performance optimization has become a key factor in improving user experience and business efficiency. The performance of Web applications not only affects the page loading speed, but also directly affects important indicators such as user satisfaction, retention rate, and search engine optimization ranking. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously explore and apply new technical means to improve the performance of Web applications.

[0029] In Web applications, forms are one of the core components for smart terminals to interact with users. Forms play an important role in data input, user interaction, and business processing. Therefore, the rendering performance of forms will directly affect the performance of Web applications.

[0030] In the related art, when rendering a form to be rendered, most of them rely on a single resource module, such as relying on resources in a CPU for rendering. However, the above method has low rendering efficiency, which affects the user experience.

[0031] Therefore, in response to the above technical problems in the prior art, the inventors discovered during the research process that smart terminals usually have multiple computing resources, including CPU resources, graphics processing unit (GPU) resources and cloud server resources. If the above multiple computing resources can be used simultaneously to render the form to be rendered, the rendering speed of the form to be rendered can be accelerated. Therefore, the present application proposes a form rendering method, electronic device, storage medium and program product. Specifically, after obtaining the form to be rendered, the form to be rendered is divided into multiple groups to be rendered, and the attribute information of each group to be rendered is obtained, and then the target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered is determined according to the attribute information, wherein the target resource module can be a CPU, GPU or cloud server, and then the corresponding groups to be rendered are rendered by the CPU, GPU or cloud server. After the CPU, GPU or cloud server renders the corresponding groups to be rendered, the rendered form is obtained.

[0032] In order to facilitate understanding of the method of the present application, Figure 1 For an explanation of the application scenario shown, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario provided for an embodiment of the present application includes a user 01, a smart terminal 02, and a cloud server 03, wherein the smart terminal 02 includes but is not limited to: a first processor 021 and a second processor 022, the first processor 021 can be a CPU, and the second processor 022 can be a GPU.

[0033] Among them, after the user 01 determines the page to be browsed in the smart terminal 02, the smart terminal 02 obtains the form to be rendered corresponding to the page, and divides the field of the form to be rendered to obtain multiple groups to be rendered, and obtains the attribute information of the multiple groups to be rendered. The smart terminal 02 determines whether each group to be rendered is rendered by the first processor 021, the second processor 022 or the cloud server 03 according to the attribute information of the multiple groups to be rendered. After determining the result, the first processor 021 renders the corresponding group to be rendered, the second processor 022 renders the corresponding group to be rendered, and the cloud server 03 renders the corresponding group to be rendered, and finally obtains the rendered form for the user 01 to browse, wherein the rendered form is the page that the user can browse.

[0034] It can be understood that the application scenarios of the above examples are only used for illustration. The present application does not limit the types of the smart terminal 02 and the cloud server 03, nor does it limit the types of the first processor 021 and the second processor 022 included in the smart terminal 02. All of the above can be determined based on actual application conditions.

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0036] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flowchart of a form rendering method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the execution subject of the method may be a form rendering prediction device, the form rendering device may be implemented by a computer program; it may also be implemented by a medium storing relevant computer programs, such as a USB flash drive and / or a CD, or it may also be implemented by a physical device integrated or installed with relevant computer programs, such as an electronic device, etc. The electronic device may be a smart phone, computer, server, server cluster, computer and other intelligent terminals. The method may include the following steps:

[0037] S201. Obtain a form to be rendered.

[0038] When a user enters the search address of a Web application in the browser address bar of a smart terminal or clicks a link on a page to request the page he wants to browse, the browser will send a request to the server that manages the Web application. After receiving the request, the server that manages the Web application will generate a response, which will include rendering information, and return the response to the smart terminal, so that the smart terminal can obtain the form to be rendered based on the returned response.

[0039] S202 , dividing the form to be rendered into fields to obtain a plurality of groups to be rendered, each of which includes one field or a plurality of fields.

[0040] Optionally, after obtaining the form to be rendered, the form to be rendered is grouped according to the data type in the form to be rendered. For example, numeric input fields can be grouped into one group, and selection fields can be grouped into another group, so as to obtain multiple groups to be rendered.

[0041] Optionally, after obtaining the form to be rendered, it can also be grouped according to the business logic in the form to be rendered. For example, the information category fields can be grouped into one group, and the operation step fields can be grouped into another group, so as to obtain multiple groups to be rendered.

[0042] It should be understood that the above examples are only used for illustration and do not limit the present application.

[0043] By dividing the fields of the form to be rendered, the dependency relationship between the groups to be rendered can be obtained. According to the divided groups to be rendered and the dependency relationship between the groups to be rendered, the data structure of the form to be rendered can be obtained.

[0044] Each to-be-rendered group may include only one field or multiple fields.

[0045] S203: Obtain attribute information of multiple groups to be rendered.

[0046] In this embodiment, the attribute information of the groups to be rendered includes but is not limited to: rendering duration information of each group to be rendered, dependency between groups to be rendered, pixel value or rendering data volume of each group to be rendered, etc.

[0047] Optionally, the rendering duration information of each group to be rendered can be predicted. For example, the rendering duration used for a historical rendering data volume similar to the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered can be determined based on the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered, and the rendering duration is predicted as the rendering duration of the current group to be rendered. The rendering data volume of the group to be rendered can be directly obtained from the rendering information.

[0048] Optionally, a preset breadth-first search (BFS) algorithm can be used to construct a task dependency graph according to the data structure of the form to be rendered. BFS starts from the root node (starting point), visits all directly adjacent nodes of the root node in turn, and then visits all adjacent nodes of the first-layer nodes, so as to identify the relationship between each node, that is, to obtain the dependency relationship between the groups to be rendered.

[0049] Figure 3 A task dependency graph is provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the nodes may represent the groups to be rendered, and the edges may represent the dependencies between the groups to be rendered. For example, assuming that the group to be rendered includes only a single field, field A has dependencies with field B and field C respectively, field B and field C have dependencies with field D respectively, and field D has a dependency with field E.

[0050] Optionally, the pixel value or rendering data volume of each to-be-rendered group may also be directly obtained from the rendering information.

[0051] S204: Determine a target resource module for rendering each of the groups to be rendered according to the attribute information of the multiple groups to be rendered, where the target resource module is the first processor, the second processor, or the cloud server.

[0052] The image processing capability of the first processor is smaller than that of the second processor.

[0053] After obtaining the attribute information of multiple groups to be rendered, it is possible to determine which resource module is used to render each group to be rendered according to the attribute information of each group to be rendered.

[0054] In this embodiment, the resource module may include a first processor, a second processor and a cloud server, the first processor may be a CPU, and the second processor may be a GPU.

[0055] In this embodiment, the CPU and GPU work together to render, which can reduce the CPU load caused by rendering only by the CPU in the related art. When rendering, the GPU can implement GPU accelerated rendering based on the Web Graphics Library (WebGL) technology or the Web Graphics Processing Unit (WebGPU) technology. At the same time, the cloud server is coordinated to reduce the CPU load and GPU load in the smart terminal. The cloud server uses an efficient communication mechanism, such as the WebSocket mechanism, to achieve collaboration, so as to improve the real-time and stability of data transmission.

[0056] S205 : Rendering the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module through the target resource module to obtain a rendered form.

[0057] After determining the target resource modules for rendering each group to be rendered, the task scheduler module in the intelligent terminal can be used to schedule the corresponding target resource modules, and the target resource modules can render their corresponding groups to be rendered, that is, the CPU can render their corresponding groups to be rendered, the GPU can render their corresponding groups to be rendered, and the cloud server can render their corresponding groups to be rendered, so as to obtain the rendered form.

[0058] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, a form to be rendered is obtained, and the obtained form to be rendered is divided into fields to obtain a plurality of groups to be rendered. Also, the attribute information of the plurality of groups to be rendered is obtained, and the target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered is determined according to the attribute information, wherein the target resource module is the first processor, the second processor or the cloud server, and then the group to be rendered corresponding to the target resource module is rendered through the target resource module, and finally the rendered form is obtained. The method of this embodiment makes full use of the resources of the heterogeneous resource modules, i.e., the first processor, the second processor or the cloud server, and when rendering the form to be rendered, the corresponding groups to be rendered in the form to be rendered are respectively rendered by using the heterogeneous resource modules, thereby improving the rendering efficiency of the form and thus improving the user experience.

[0059] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, if the attribute information includes rendering time information of each group to be rendered and the dependency relationship between the groups to be rendered, the following embodiment describes a process of determining a target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered based on the attribute information of multiple groups to be rendered.

[0060] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for determining a target resource module for rendering each to-be-rendered group provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. The method may include the following steps:

[0061] S401, obtaining current resource usage data of the first processor, the second processor and the cloud server.

[0062] The resource manager module in the smart terminal can be used to obtain the current resource usage data of the first processor, namely the CPU, the current resource usage data of the second processor, namely the GPU, and the current resource usage data of the cloud server.

[0063] S402: input the current resource usage data of the first processor, the second processor and the cloud server, the rendering time information of each group to be rendered and the dependency relationship between the groups to be rendered into a pre-trained scheduling model, and output the target resource module corresponding to each group to be rendered.

[0064] In the present application, the scheduling model is pre-trained. Specifically, training data is obtained, wherein the training data includes the rendering time information of each to-be-rendered group in the historical form, the dependency relationship between the to-be-rendered groups in the historical form, and the resource usage data of the resource modules used to render each to-be-rendered group in the historical form at that time. The above training data is used to pre-train the initial neural network model until the preset convergence condition is met to obtain a trained scheduling model.

[0065] Pre-training is a strategy for deep learning model training. Its core is to use large-scale data sets to preliminarily train the model so that the model can learn common feature representations. This process is similar to the basic learning stage of humans before learning new knowledge, accumulating experience through extensive reading and observation.

[0066] The pre-trained scheduling model can refer to designing scheduling model training tasks based on a large-scale form library (including rendering time information of each group to be rendered in the historical form, the dependency relationship between the groups to be rendered in the historical form, and the resource usage data of the resource modules used to render each group to be rendered in the historical form at that time), training a large-scale neural network algorithm structure to learn and implement, and the final large-scale neural network algorithm structure and parameters are the pre-trained scheduling model. Other tasks can be used to extract features or fine-tune tasks based on this model to achieve specific task objectives. The idea of ​​pre-training is to first train a task to obtain a set of model parameters, then use this set of model parameters to initialize the network model parameters, and then use the initialized network model to train other tasks to obtain models adapted to other tasks. During the training process, fine-tuning can also be performed directly on the pre-trained model to make the trained scheduling model more accurate.

[0067] The "fine-tuning" mentioned above refers to further training on a dataset for a specific task based on the use of a pre-trained model to adjust the model parameters to better suit the target task. During the fine-tuning process, most of the layers of the pre-trained model are usually frozen, and only the newly added layers are trained or a small number of key layers are adjusted. This can not only retain the useful features learned by the pre-trained model, but also quickly adapt to the specific needs of the new task. In addition, choosing the right learning rate and training rounds is also the key to successful fine-tuning.

[0068] In this embodiment, the pre-trained scheduling model can be a multi-objective optimization model, which inputs the current resource usage data of the CPU, the current resource usage data of the GPU, the current resource usage data of the cloud server, the rendering time information of each group to be rendered, and the dependency relationship between the groups to be rendered into the multi-objective optimization model, and outputs the target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered through the multi-objective optimization model.

[0069] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, the current resource usage data of the first processor, the second processor and the cloud server are obtained, and the current resource usage data of the first processor, the second processor and the cloud server, the rendering time information of each group to be rendered and the dependency relationship between the groups to be rendered are input into a pre-trained scheduling model, and the scheduling model is used to output the target resource module corresponding to each group to be rendered. The method of this embodiment uses a pre-trained scheduling model to output the target resource module corresponding to each group to be rendered, which can determine which resource module is to render the group to be rendered, and realize the scheduling of resource modules, thereby improving the utilization of heterogeneous resources and improving the rendering efficiency of the form.

[0070] Further, based on the above embodiment, if the attribute information includes the pixel value or rendering data volume of each group to be rendered, the following embodiment describes the process of determining the target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered according to the attribute information of multiple groups to be rendered.

[0071] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 A flowchart of another method for determining a target resource module for rendering each to-be-rendered group provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. The method may include the following steps:

[0072] S501 : Determine the task type to which each to-be-rendered group belongs according to the pixel value or the amount of rendering data of each to-be-rendered group.

[0073] The task types include: a first task type for characterizing a simple task, a second task type for characterizing a first complex task, and a third task type for characterizing a second complex task, and the complexity of the first complex task is less than the complexity of the second complex task.

[0074] One possible implementation is:

[0075] For any group to be rendered, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is less than the first preset pixel value threshold, or the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered is less than the first preset rendering data volume threshold, the task type of the group to be rendered is determined to be the first task type.

[0076] For example, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is less than the first preset pixel value threshold, it means that the color of the display image corresponding to the group to be rendered may be relatively simple. If the amount of rendering data of the group to be rendered is less than the first preset rendering data amount threshold, it means that the content of the display image corresponding to the group to be rendered may be relatively simple. Therefore, the type of the task that meets the above conditions can be determined as the first task type.

[0077] For any group to be rendered, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to a first preset pixel value threshold and less than a second preset pixel value threshold, or the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to a first preset rendering data volume threshold and less than a second preset rendering data volume threshold, then the task type of the group to be rendered is determined to be the second task type.

[0078] For example, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the first preset pixel value threshold and less than the second preset pixel value threshold, it means that the display image corresponding to the group to be rendered may have several colors and the colors are relatively bright. If the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the first preset rendering data volume threshold and less than the second preset rendering data volume threshold, it means that the content of the display image corresponding to the group to be rendered may be relatively complex. Therefore, the type of the task that meets the above conditions can be determined as the second task type.

[0079] For any group to be rendered, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the second preset pixel value threshold, or the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the second preset rendering data volume threshold, the task type of the group to be rendered is determined to be the third task type.

[0080] For example, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the second preset pixel value threshold, it means that the color of the display image corresponding to the group to be rendered is very rich and bright. If the amount of rendering data of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the second preset rendering data amount threshold, it means that the content of the display image corresponding to the group to be rendered is very complex. Therefore, the type of the task that meets the above conditions can be determined as the third task type.

[0081] The first preset pixel value threshold is smaller than the second preset pixel value threshold, and the first preset rendering data volume threshold is smaller than the second preset rendering data volume threshold.

[0082] S502: Determine a target resource module for rendering each to-be-rendered group according to the task type to which each to-be-rendered group belongs.

[0083] One possible implementation is:

[0084] For the to-be-rendered group belonging to the first task type, it is determined that the target resource module for rendering the to-be-rendered group is the first processor, ie, the CPU.

[0085] For the to-be-rendered group belonging to the second task type, it is determined that the target resource module for rendering the to-be-rendered group is the second processor, ie, the GPU.

[0086] For the to-be-rendered group belonging to the third task type, it is determined that the target resource module for rendering the to-be-rendered group is a cloud server.

[0087] For example, the rendering of some relatively simple static images can be executed by the CPU, the rendering of some relatively complex dynamic images or stereoscopic images can be executed by the GPU, and the rendering of some stereoscopic dynamic images with very bright colors and very high complexity can be executed by the cloud server.

[0088] It should be understood that the above examples are only used for illustration and do not limit the present application.

[0089] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, the method of the present embodiment can determine the task type of each group to be rendered according to the pixel value or the amount of rendering data of each group to be rendered, and finally determine which resource module is used to render the group to be rendered according to the task type, thereby realizing the scheduling of resource modules, improving the utilization of heterogeneous resources, and further improving the rendering efficiency of the form.

[0090] After the target resource module for rendering each to-be-rendered group is determined through any of the above embodiments, the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module is rendered through the target resource module.

[0091] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 A flowchart of a method for rendering a corresponding to-be-rendered group by a target resource module provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. The method may include the following steps:

[0092] S601 . Obtain rendering information of each to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module from a preset database through the target resource module.

[0093] The rendering information of each group to be rendered has been pre-stored in a preset database, so the target resource module can obtain the rendering information of the corresponding group to be rendered from the preset database. For example, the target resource module can obtain the rendering information corresponding to the identification information from the preset database according to the identification information of the group to be rendered.

[0094] S602 : Determine, through the target resource module, a rendering order of each to-be-rendered group according to rendering information of each to-be-rendered group.

[0095] One possible implementation is:

[0096] According to the rendering information of each to-be-rendered group, the appearance order of each to-be-rendered group in the to-be-rendered form is determined, and the appearance order of each to-be-rendered group in the to-be-rendered form is determined as the rendering order of each to-be-rendered group by the target resource module.

[0097] Exemplarily, based on the rendering information of each group to be rendered, parameter information that can characterize the sorting characteristics of the group to be rendered, such as "order" or "priority", is determined therefrom, and the order of appearance of each group to be rendered in the form to be rendered is determined based on the parameter information, and the order of appearance is determined as the rendering order of each group to be rendered by the target resource module.

[0098] Another possible implementation is:

[0099] According to the rendering information of each group to be rendered, based on a preset rendering algorithm, the rendering priority of each group to be rendered is determined, and according to the rendering priority of each group to be rendered, the rendering order of each group to be rendered by the target resource module is determined.

[0100] Optionally, the preset rendering algorithms include but are not limited to: Shortest Job First (SJF), Earliest Deadline First (EDF), Highest Response Ratio Next (HRRN), etc.

[0101] According to the rendering information of each group to be rendered, the group to be rendered with the shortest execution time can be preferentially determined from multiple groups to be rendered based on the shortest job first algorithm, so that the rendering priority of each group to be rendered can be determined according to the order of execution time from short to long.

[0102] According to the rendering information of each group to be rendered, the group to be rendered with the earliest deadline can be preferentially determined from multiple groups to be rendered based on the earliest deadline priority algorithm, so that the rendering priority of each group to be rendered can be determined according to the order of deadline from earliest to latest.

[0103] According to the rendering information of each group to be rendered, the waiting time and execution time of each group to be rendered can be determined based on the highest response ratio priority algorithm, and the response ratio can be determined according to the waiting time and execution time. The highest response ratio priority algorithm can prioritize the group to be rendered with the highest response ratio from multiple groups to be rendered, so that the rendering priority of each group to be rendered can be determined according to the order of response ratio from high to low.

[0104] After the rendering priority of each to-be-rendered group is determined, the rendering order of each to-be-rendered group by the target resource module is determined according to the rendering priority of each to-be-rendered group.

[0105] S603: Render each to-be-rendered group according to a rendering order through a target resource module.

[0106] The CPU renders the corresponding groups to be rendered according to the rendering order of the groups to be rendered by the CPU.

[0107] Accordingly, the GPU renders the corresponding groups to be rendered according to the rendering order of the groups to be rendered by the GPU. The cloud server renders the corresponding groups to be rendered according to the rendering order of the groups to be rendered by the cloud server.

[0108] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, the rendering information of each group to be rendered corresponding to the target resource module is obtained from the preset database through the target resource module, and the rendering order of each group to be rendered by the target resource module is determined according to the rendering information of each group to be rendered, and then the target resource module renders each group to be rendered according to the rendering order. Compared with the problem of slow rendering speed caused by relying only on a single resource module in the related art and rendering each field in sequence according to the order of the fields in the form to be rendered, the method of this embodiment enables the target resource module to render according to the determined rendering order of each group to be rendered, thereby effectively improving the rendering speed of the form to be rendered and reducing the waiting time for users to browse.

[0109] In the present application, the rendering order of each to-be-rendered group by the target resource module may also be determined according to the user's behavior information, and then each to-be-rendered group may be rendered according to the rendering order through the target resource module.

[0110] Specifically, the user's behavior information is obtained, and the target to-be-rendered group to be rendered first is determined based on the behavior information, and then the rendering order of each to-be-rendered group by the target resource module is determined based on the target to-be-rendered group to be rendered first, and the target resource module performs rendering according to the rendering order.

[0111] Optionally, the user's behavior information within a preset time period is obtained. If the behavior information indicates that the user frequently accesses a certain content in a certain Web application within the preset time period, it is predicted that the user may continue to access the content in the future. Therefore, the corresponding group to be rendered can be determined according to the content, and the group to be rendered can be determined as the first priority, and the remaining groups to be rendered can be determined as the second priority. The groups to be rendered are sorted according to the first priority and the second priority, so that the rendering order of each group to be rendered by the target resource module can be determined.

[0112] Optionally, the user's behavior information at the current moment is obtained. If the behavior information indicates that the user is currently accessing a certain content in a certain Web application, it is predicted that the user may access content that is adjacent to the content in the future, wherein the content that the user is currently accessing and the content that is adjacent to the content that the user is currently accessing can be understood as the content in the current visible area. Therefore, according to the content that the user is currently accessing and the content that is adjacent to the content that the user may access in the future, a corresponding plurality of groups to be rendered can be determined, and the plurality of groups to be rendered can be determined as the first priority, and the remaining groups to be rendered can be determined as the second priority. The groups to be rendered are sorted according to the first priority and the second priority, so that the rendering order of each group to be rendered by the target resource module can be determined.

[0113] Optionally, the user's behavior information within a preset time period is obtained. If the behavior information indicates that the user has been accessing a certain content in a certain Web application for a long time, it is predicted that the user may continue to access other content related to the content in the future. Therefore, at least one corresponding to-be-rendered group can be determined based on other related content that the user may access in the future, and the determined to-be-rendered group is determined as the first priority, and the remaining to-be-rendered groups are determined as the second priority. The to-be-rendered groups are sorted according to the first priority and the second priority, so that the rendering order of each to-be-rendered group by the target resource module can be determined.

[0114] In the present application, the user's access data to the Web application in different historical periods can also be obtained. The access data includes but is not limited to: the accessed rendering group, the target resource module corresponding to the accessed rendering group, etc., and a machine learning algorithm is used for training based on the access data of different periods to obtain a trained machine learning model. Then, through the trained machine learning model, the access data of the corresponding Web application is output according to the user's current moment, and then the rendering group to be rendered with priority is determined based on the access data.

[0115] In the above embodiment of the present application, the user's behavior information is obtained, and the target to-be-rendered group to be rendered with priority is determined based on the behavior information, and then the rendering order of each to-be-rendered group by the target resource module is determined based on the target to-be-rendered group to be rendered with priority, so that the target resource module renders each to-be-rendered group according to the rendering order. The method of this embodiment allows the rendering of the form to be combined with the user's behavior, so that the rendering of the form is more in line with the user's usage needs, thereby improving the user's usage experience.

[0116] Further, based on the above embodiment, the following embodiment is used to illustrate the process of rendering each to-be-rendered group according to the rendering order through the target resource module.

[0117] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 A flowchart of a method for rendering each to-be-rendered group according to a rendering order provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. The method may include the following steps:

[0118] S701 . According to a rendering order, pre-load data of a to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order into a cache.

[0119] In this embodiment, based on a preset loading algorithm and according to the rendering order, the data of the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order may be pre-loaded into the cache in sequence from a preset database to implement intelligent caching.

[0120] When preloading the data of the to-be-rendered group, it is also possible to preload the data according to the user's behavior. If the user is scrolling the form quickly, the preload range can be larger according to the rendering order, and the corresponding first preset number of data of the to-be-rendered group can be preloaded in the cache. If the user is scrolling the form slowly, the preload range can be smaller according to the rendering order, and the corresponding second preset number of data of the to-be-rendered group can be preloaded in the cache. The first preset number is greater than the second preset number. When the user is scrolling the form, throttling and anti-shake technology can be used to reduce unnecessary calculations, making it more accurate to judge whether the user is scrolling the form quickly or slowly.

[0121] In this embodiment, the loading algorithm can also be improved. For example, a multi-dimensional evaluation method can be used to perform evaluation based on loading accuracy, recall rate, or preset parameter value F1, and the parameters in the loading algorithm can be improved based on the evaluation results, thereby improving the accuracy, adaptability, and robustness of the loading algorithm.

[0122] S702: Obtain data of the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order from the cache through the target resource module.

[0123] The CPU obtains data of the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order from the cache, the GPU obtains data of the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order from the cache, and the cloud server obtains data of the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order from the cache.

[0124] S703 , using the target resource module, sequentially render the groups to be rendered according to the data of the groups to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order.

[0125] The CPU renders each group to be rendered in sequence according to the data of the group to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order.

[0126] Correspondingly, the GPU renders each group to be rendered in sequence according to the data of the group to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order, and the cloud server renders each group to be rendered in sequence according to the data of the group to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order.

[0127] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, according to the rendering order, the data of the group to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order is pre-loaded into the cache, and the data of the group to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order is obtained from the cache through the target resource module, and each group to be rendered is sequentially rendered according to the data of the group to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order through the target resource module. The method of this embodiment reduces the traversal time used by the target resource module to directly obtain the data of the group to be rendered from the preset database during rendering by loading the data of the group to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order into the cache, thereby improving the rendering efficiency of the target resource module in rendering each group to be rendered and reducing the data access delay during the rendering process.

[0128] In the present application, if at least one of the multiple groups to be rendered is updated, other groups to be rendered that have a dependency relationship with the at least one group to be rendered are determined based on a preset search algorithm, and the at least one group to be rendered and other groups to be rendered that have a dependency relationship with the at least one group to be rendered are re-rendered through any target resource module.

[0129] Specifically, by monitoring the user's input event, if the input event indicates that the user has updated the content corresponding to a field in the form, the updated group to be rendered is determined according to the updated content, and the other groups to be rendered that have a dependency relationship with the updated group to be rendered are determined using a breadth-first search algorithm. Then, the updated group to be rendered and the other groups to be rendered that have a dependency relationship with the updated group to be rendered are rendered through one or more of the CPU, GPU, or cloud servers, wherein the update data used for rendering can be obtained from the cache.

[0130] For the specific rendering process, please refer to the above embodiment, and to avoid redundancy, it will not be repeated.

[0131] In the present application, when a form is updated, compared with related technologies, there is no need to re-render the entire form. Only the corresponding rendering group in the updated form and the rendering group that has a dependent relationship with the rendering group need to be re-rendered. This can improve the update efficiency when the form is updated, thereby improving the user experience.

[0132] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method.

[0133] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a form rendering device provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the form rendering device comprises:

[0134] The acquisition module 801 is used to acquire the form to be rendered.

[0135] The processing module 802 is used to divide the form to be rendered into fields to obtain multiple groups to be rendered, each of which includes one field or multiple fields.

[0136] The acquisition module 801 is further used to acquire attribute information of multiple groups to be rendered.

[0137] The determination module 803 is used to determine the target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered according to the attribute information of the multiple groups to be rendered. The target resource module is the first processor, the second processor or the cloud server. The image processing capability of the first processor is smaller than that of the second processor.

[0138] The rendering module 804 is used to render the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module through the target resource module to obtain a rendered form.

[0139] In a possible implementation manner, the attribute information includes rendering time information of each to-be-rendered group and dependencies between the to-be-rendered groups, and the determination module 803 is specifically used to:

[0140] The current resource usage data of the first processor, the second processor and the cloud server is obtained.

[0141] The current resource usage data of the first processor, the second processor and the cloud server, the rendering time information of each group to be rendered and the dependencies between the groups to be rendered are input into a pre-trained scheduling model, and the target resource modules corresponding to each group to be rendered are output.

[0142] In a possible implementation manner, the processing module 802 is further configured to:

[0143] The training data is obtained, where the training data includes rendering time information of each to-be-rendered group in the historical form, dependencies between the to-be-rendered groups in the historical form, and resource usage data of resource modules used to render each to-be-rendered group in the historical form at that time.

[0144] The initial neural network model is trained using the training data until the preset convergence conditions are met to obtain a trained scheduling model.

[0145] In a possible implementation, the attribute information further includes: a pixel value or a rendering data amount of each to-be-rendered group; and the determination module 803 is specifically configured to:

[0146] According to the pixel value or the amount of rendering data of each group to be rendered, the task type to which each group to be rendered belongs is determined, and the task type includes a first task type for characterizing a simple task, a second task type for characterizing a first complex task, and a third task type for characterizing a second complex task. The complexity of the first complex task is less than the complexity of the second complex task.

[0147] According to the task type of each to-be-rendered group, a target resource module for rendering each to-be-rendered group is determined.

[0148] One possible implementation is that the determining module 803 is specifically configured to:

[0149] For any group to be rendered, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is less than the first preset pixel value threshold, or the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered is less than the first preset rendering data volume threshold, the task type of the group to be rendered is determined to be the first task type.

[0150] For any group to be rendered, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to a first preset pixel value threshold and less than a second preset pixel value threshold, or the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to a first preset rendering data volume threshold and less than a second preset rendering data volume threshold, it is determined that the task type to which the group to be rendered belongs is the second task type.

[0151] For any group to be rendered, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the second preset pixel value threshold, or the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the second preset rendering data volume threshold, the task type to which the group to be rendered belongs is determined to be the third task type.

[0152] The first preset pixel value threshold is smaller than the second preset pixel value threshold, and the first preset rendering data volume threshold is smaller than the second preset rendering data volume threshold.

[0153] A possible implementation manner is to determine, for the to-be-rendered group belonging to the first task type, a target resource module for rendering the to-be-rendered group as the first processor.

[0154] For the to-be-rendered group belonging to the second task type, it is determined that the target resource module for rendering the to-be-rendered group is the second processor.

[0155] For the to-be-rendered group belonging to the third task type, it is determined that the target resource module for rendering the to-be-rendered group is a cloud server.

[0156] One possible implementation is that the rendering module 804 is specifically configured to:

[0157] The rendering information of each to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module is obtained from a preset database through the target resource module.

[0158] The target resource module determines the rendering order of each to-be-rendered group according to the rendering information of each to-be-rendered group through the target resource module.

[0159] Through the target resource module, render each to-be-rendered group according to the rendering order.

[0160] One possible implementation is that the rendering module 804 is specifically configured to:

[0161] According to the rendering information of each to-be-rendered group, the order in which each to-be-rendered group appears in the to-be-rendered form is determined.

[0162] The order in which the groups to be rendered appear in the list to be rendered is determined as the rendering order of the groups to be rendered by the target resource module.

[0163] One possible implementation is that the rendering module 804 is specifically configured to:

[0164] According to the rendering information of each group to be rendered and based on a preset rendering algorithm, a rendering priority of each group to be rendered is determined.

[0165] According to the rendering priority of each to-be-rendered group, the rendering order of each to-be-rendered group by the target resource module is determined.

[0166] One possible implementation is that the rendering module 804 is specifically configured to:

[0167] Get user behavior information.

[0168] According to the behavior information, a target to-be-rendered group for priority rendering is determined.

[0169] According to the target to-be-rendered groups that are rendered first, a rendering order of each to-be-rendered group by the target resource module is determined.

[0170] Through the target resource module, render each to-be-rendered group according to the rendering order.

[0171] One possible implementation is that the rendering module 804 is specifically configured to:

[0172] According to the rendering order, the data of the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order is pre-loaded into the cache.

[0173] The data of the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order is obtained from the cache through the target resource module.

[0174] Through the target resource module, the groups to be rendered are rendered in sequence according to the data of the groups to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order.

[0175] In a possible implementation manner, the processing module 802 is further configured to:

[0176] If at least one of the multiple groups to be rendered is updated, other groups to be rendered that are dependent on the at least one group to be rendered are determined based on a preset search algorithm.

[0177] At least one to-be-rendered group and other to-be-rendered groups that have a dependency relationship with the at least one to-be-rendered group are re-rendered through any target resource module.

[0178] For the description of the features in the embodiment corresponding to the form rendering device, reference may be made to the relevant description of the embodiment corresponding to the form rendering method, which will not be described in detail here.

[0179] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 As shown, the electronic device provided in this embodiment includes: at least one controller 901 and a memory 902. Optionally, the electronic device further includes a communication component 903. The controller 901, the memory 902 and the communication component 903 are connected via a bus 904.

[0180] In a specific implementation process, at least one controller 901 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 902, so that at least one controller 901 executes the above-mentioned form rendering method embodiment.

[0181] The specific implementation process of the controller 901 can be found in the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0182] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the controller can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general controllers, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc. The general controller can be a microcontroller or any conventional controller. The steps of the method disclosed in the application can be directly implemented as a hardware controller, or can be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the controller.

[0183] The memory may include a high-speed memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage.

[0184] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, the bus in the drawings of this application is not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0185] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of any of the above-mentioned form rendering method embodiments when running.

[0186] In an exemplary embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media that can store computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0187] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a controller, the steps in any of the above-mentioned form rendering method embodiments are implemented.

[0188] An embodiment of the present application further provides another computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the non-volatile computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a controller, the steps in any of the above-mentioned form rendering method embodiments are implemented.

[0189] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in the above description according to function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0190] The above is a detailed introduction to a form rendering method, electronic device, storage medium and program product provided by the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A form rendering method, characterized in that: include: Get the form to be rendered; Dividing the form to be rendered into fields to obtain a plurality of groups to be rendered, each of which includes one field or a plurality of fields; Obtaining attribute information of a plurality of the groups to be rendered; Determine a target resource module for rendering each of the groups to be rendered according to the attribute information of the plurality of groups to be rendered, wherein the target resource module is a first processor, a second processor or a cloud server, and the image processing capability of the first processor is smaller than that of the second processor; The to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module is rendered through the target resource module to obtain a rendered form.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The attribute information includes rendering time information of each to-be-rendered group and dependency relationship between the to-be-rendered groups; The step of determining a target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered according to the attribute information of the plurality of groups to be rendered comprises: Obtaining current resource usage data of the first processor, the second processor, and the cloud server; The current resource usage data of the first processor, the second processor and the cloud server, the rendering time information of each group to be rendered and the dependencies between the groups to be rendered are input into a pre-trained scheduling model, and the target resource modules corresponding to each group to be rendered are output.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The training process of the pre-trained scheduling model includes: Acquire training data, wherein the training data includes rendering time information of each to-be-rendered group in the historical form, dependency relationships between the to-be-rendered groups in the historical form, and resource usage data of resource modules used to render each to-be-rendered group in the historical form at that time; The training data is used to train the initial neural network model until a preset convergence condition is met, thereby obtaining the trained scheduling model.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The attribute information also includes: pixel value or rendering data volume of each to-be-rendered group; The step of determining a target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered according to the attribute information of the plurality of groups to be rendered comprises: Determine, according to the pixel values ​​or rendering data amounts of the groups to be rendered, the task types to which the groups to be rendered belong, wherein the task types include a first task type for characterizing a simple task, a second task type for characterizing a first complex task, and a third task type for characterizing a second complex task; the complexity of the first complex task is less than the complexity of the second complex task; According to the task type to which each to-be-rendered group belongs, a target resource module for rendering each to-be-rendered group is determined.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of determining the task type of each to-be-rendered group according to the pixel value or the amount of rendering data of each to-be-rendered group includes: For any group to be rendered, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is less than a first preset pixel value threshold, or the amount of rendering data of the group to be rendered is less than a first preset rendering data amount threshold, determining that the task type to which the group to be rendered belongs is the first task type; For any group to be rendered, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the first preset pixel value threshold and less than the second preset pixel value threshold, or the rendering data volume of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the first preset rendering data volume threshold and less than the second preset rendering data volume threshold, then determining that the task type to which the group to be rendered belongs is the second task type; For any group to be rendered, if the pixel value of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the second preset pixel value threshold, or the amount of rendering data of the group to be rendered is greater than or equal to the second preset rendering data amount threshold, then determining that the task type to which the group to be rendered belongs is the third task type; The first preset pixel value threshold is smaller than the second preset pixel value threshold, and the first preset rendering data volume threshold is smaller than the second preset rendering data volume threshold.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of determining a target resource module for rendering each group to be rendered according to the task type to which each group to be rendered belongs includes: For a to-be-rendered group belonging to the first task type, determining that a target resource module for rendering the to-be-rendered group is the first processor; For a to-be-rendered group belonging to the second task type, determining that a target resource module for rendering the to-be-rendered group is the second processor; For the to-be-rendered group belonging to the third task type, it is determined that a target resource module for rendering the to-be-rendered group is the cloud server.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of rendering the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module by means of the target resource module includes: Obtaining rendering information of each to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module from a preset database through the target resource module; Determining, by the target resource module, a rendering order of the groups to be rendered according to the rendering information of the groups to be rendered; Each to-be-rendered group is rendered according to the rendering order through the target resource module.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The step of determining, according to the rendering information of each group to be rendered, a rendering order of each group to be rendered by the target resource module includes: Determining the order in which the groups to be rendered appear in the form to be rendered according to the rendering information of the groups to be rendered; The order in which the groups to be rendered appear in the list to be rendered is determined as the rendering order of the groups to be rendered by the target resource module.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of determining, according to the rendering information of each group to be rendered, a rendering order of each group to be rendered by the target resource module includes: Determine the rendering priority of each group to be rendered according to the rendering information of each group to be rendered and based on a preset rendering algorithm; According to the rendering priorities of the groups to be rendered, a rendering order of the groups to be rendered by the target resource module is determined.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of rendering the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the target resource module by means of the target resource module includes: Obtain user behavior information; Determine a target to-be-rendered group for priority rendering according to the behavior information; Determining a rendering order of each of the to-be-rendered groups by the target resource module according to the priority-rendered target to-be-rendered groups; Each to-be-rendered group is rendered according to the rendering order through the target resource module.

11. The method according to claim 7 or 10, characterized in that: The step of rendering each to-be-rendered group according to the rendering order by using the target resource module includes: According to the rendering order, pre-loading the data of the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order into a cache; Obtaining data of the to-be-rendered group corresponding to the rendering order from the cache through the target resource module; Through the target resource module, the groups to be rendered are rendered in sequence according to the data of the groups to be rendered corresponding to the rendering order.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: If at least one of the plurality of groups to be rendered is updated, determining other groups to be rendered that are dependent on the at least one group to be rendered based on a preset search algorithm; The at least one to-be-rendered group and other to-be-rendered groups that have a dependency relationship with the at least one to-be-rendered group are re-rendered through any of the target resource modules.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A controller, configured to implement the steps of the form rendering method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 when executing the computer program.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a controller, implements the steps of the form rendering method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a controller, the steps of the form rendering method according to any one of claims 1 to 12 are implemented.

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