Extracorporeal membrane lung oxygenation VR training system

Abstract

The invention discloses an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system, which comprises a virtual scene construction module, and is characterized in that the virtual scene construction module carries out modeling on an operating room environment and ECMO equipment based on modeling software; the VR virtual interaction operation module performs virtual scene interaction between the trainee and the virtual scene and the virtual device through the interaction device; the ECMO pre-flushing operation process module generates standard steps and specification requirements based on the construction of the virtual scene and the interaction information of the VR virtual interaction operation module; the multi-person cooperation module is used for distributing persons participating in training according to different roles and playing different persons in a virtual scene for cooperative training; the training content management module is used for managing the ECMO training content of trainees; organic combination of practical training and cyclic training can be achieved, the situation that current ECMO professional medical talents are in shortage is effectively improved, and then the treatment success rate and the medical service quality of critical patients are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of VR training technology, and more specifically, to an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system. Background Art

[0002] Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a key medical technology that plays an indispensable role in the treatment of patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure. It can provide patients with continuous extracorporeal respiratory and circulatory support, thereby effectively maintaining their lives and gaining an extremely precious time window for the rescue of critical illnesses.

[0003] However, in terms of the current status of medical talent training in China and even internationally, there are many urgent problems to be solved in the training of ECMO-related medical staff. On the one hand, ECMO consumables are expensive, and the cost of a single start-up is as high as 50,000 yuan. Based on cost control and actual medical needs, the machine is not allowed to be started unless there are critically ill patients, which makes the medical staff's actual contact with ECMO operations extremely limited. On the other hand, the existing training model focuses on theoretical knowledge teaching, and the practical links are seriously lacking. The number of critically ill patients received by hospitals on a daily basis is already scarce. Even if novice nurses are in the rescue scene, it is difficult for them to truly participate in the actual operation process of ECMO due to the urgency and complexity of the situation. In addition, other common training methods are mostly limited to video and graphic lectures. The trainees only passively receive information and lack the opportunity for hands-on practical training. It is difficult to form a deep memory of the operation process, which makes it very easy to make operational errors due to nervousness when facing actual situations such as critical rescue. Taking all the above factors into consideration, the number of professional nurses who are proficient in ECMO theoretical knowledge and have strong hands-on practical ability is far from meeting the actual clinical needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system, comprising:

[0006] A virtual scene construction module, which virtualizes the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO real scene and all required objects based on the modeling software, and models the operating room environment and ECMO equipment according to the actual ECMO usage scenario;

[0007] A VR virtual interaction operation module, the VR virtual interaction operation module is electrically connected to the virtual scene construction module, and the VR virtual interaction operation module enables the trainee to interact with the virtual scene and the virtual device through an interactive device;

[0008] An ECMO pre-flushing operation process module, which generates standard steps and specification requirements for ECMO pre-flushing of a virtual device based on the interactive information of the virtual scene and the VR virtual interactive operation module, and establishes an ECMO pre-flushing operation process in the virtual scene;

[0009] A multi-person collaboration module, the multi-person collaboration module is electrically connected to the ECMO priming operation process module, and the multi-person collaboration module assigns the personnel participating in the training according to different roles, so that the personnel play different roles in the virtual scene for collaborative training;

[0010] A training content management module, wherein the training content management module is electrically connected to the ECMO priming operation process module and the multi-person collaboration module, and the training content management module is used to manage the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO training content of trainees.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an emergency simulation module, which is used to set a variety of sudden abnormal situations that may occur during the actual ECMO treatment process, and randomly trigger at least one sudden abnormal situation according to the probability set for the sudden abnormal situation or the requirements of the training stage, so that the training personnel can perform emergency operation responses and provide corresponding guidance and evaluation.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sudden abnormal situation includes sudden equipment failure, rapid deterioration of the patient's condition, sudden power outage, sudden damage to key components of the equipment and serious complications of the patient.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a training and examination system module, which is electrically connected to the emergency simulation module. The training and examination system module is used to set a variety of assessment methods to assess the trainees, and simultaneously generate an assessment report to quantify the performance of the trainees in each assessment item.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the assessment method includes theoretical knowledge assessment and virtual scene simulation assessment, the theoretical knowledge assessment includes multiple-choice questions, true-or-false questions, short-answer questions and operating specifications; the virtual scene simulation assessment includes operating skills, proficiency in operating tasks and emergency handling ability assessment.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interactive device includes a handle or a somatosensory glove, and the ECMO device includes a host, a centrifugal pump, an oxygenator, a pipeline, a bed and a monitoring instrument.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the training content management module has a built-in ECMO training course, and the ECMO training course includes theoretical knowledge explanation, ECMO preparation related theory, patient assessment theoretical knowledge and catheter positioning theoretical explanation;

[0017] The training format of the ECMO training course includes text, pictures or videos;

[0018] The ECMO preparation theory includes an introduction to the preparation list of ECMO equipment and various consumables, precautions during preparation, and the functional principles of each component;

[0019] The theoretical knowledge of patient assessment includes the key points of comprehensively judging whether ECMO is suitable through the patient's vital signs, medical history, and test reports;

[0020] The theoretical explanation of catheter positioning includes the anatomical basis of catheter positioning in different parts, common positioning methods and judgment criteria.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the training content management module customizes and pushes training courses according to the professional background and learning progress of different trainees, ensuring that each trainee can receive effective training materials that meet their own needs.

[0022] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] (1) By using virtual reality technology to provide an immersive experience, conduct real simulation ECMO operation training, and practice, it has a significant and positive effect on improving the professional ability of ECMO medical staff, improving training quality, and saving training resources.

[0024] (2) On the one hand, this application increases the frequency of practice, breaking through the limitations of the scarcity of practice opportunities caused by the expensive ECMO consumables and the small number of critically ill patients in reality. Trainees can practice in a virtual environment at any time to improve their operational proficiency; on the other hand, it enhances operational accuracy, with the help of high-precision virtual interactive operations and real-time feedback based on medical standards, to help trainees accurately grasp the key points and improve accuracy.

[0025] (3) In creating an immersive experience, this application uses a 1:1 restored extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) usage scenario to present details such as the operating room environment, equipment operation sounds, and light atmosphere. Combined with VR interactive equipment, the training personnel can feel as if they are at the actual rescue site, allowing them to understand the operation situation and requirements more intuitively.

[0026] (4) This application presets a large number of emergency situations that may occur during actual treatment, such as equipment failure, sudden onset of patient complications, etc., and these situations can be triggered randomly, allowing trainees to conduct emergency response training without any preparation, thereby becoming familiar with the response process and methods, and enhancing their ability and psychological quality to respond to actual emergencies; through multiple simulations of emergency situations in a virtual environment, trainees will gradually develop the habit of rapid response, and when encountering similar emergencies in the future, they will be able to make judgments and take measures more quickly and accurately, thereby reducing delays in treatment and ensuring patient safety.

[0027] (5) This application can realize comprehensive assessment in multiple dimensions, assessing trainees from the dimensions of theoretical knowledge, operational skills, emergency response capabilities, etc., scientifically and accurately measuring their mastery level, and avoiding the assessment of a single issue. In addition, this application can also provide detailed personalized feedback, analyze training data, and generate targeted reports for each person, pointing out strengths and weaknesses, helping trainees to identify improvement directions and improve training effectiveness and professional quality.

[0028] (6) This application can reduce the cost of consumables, eliminate the need for expensive ECMO consumables, reduce material consumption, save costs, and facilitate more institutions and personnel to carry out training. On the other hand, it can optimize the allocation of human resources and alleviate the problem of tight teaching staff. Training personnel can learn independently according to system prompts, make rational use of manpower, and improve efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, some of the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of ECMO simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0033] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention.

[0034] However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein.

[0035] Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present invention proposes an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system, comprising:

[0038] The virtual scene construction module virtualizes the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO real scene and all required objects based on the modeling software, and models the operating room environment and ECMO equipment according to the actual ECMO usage scenario.

[0039] Specifically, this application uses high-precision 3D modeling technology to restore the real ECMO usage scenario 1:1, covering the operating room environment, the placement of various medical equipment, and the surrounding conditions of the patient's bed. The size of the simulated operating room is set to about 8 meters long, 6 meters wide, and 3 meters high. The lighting effects in the environment include: the illumination of the shadowless lamp is about 12,000 lux, the color temperature is about 4200K, and the sound atmosphere: the ECMO host operation sound is about 45 decibels, and the medical staff communication sound is about 35 decibels. They are highly consistent with the real scene, creating a realistic immersive environment, making the trainees feel as if they are in the actual rescue scene.

[0040] According to different clinical case requirements, a variety of scenarios are designed. In the conventional cardiopulmonary failure treatment scenario, the patient's heart rate is simulated to be about 90 beats per minute, the systolic blood pressure is about 95 mmHg, the diastolic blood pressure is about 65 mmHg, and the blood oxygen saturation is about 88%; in complex treatment scenarios with other complications, such as the infection complication scenario, the patient's body temperature is about 39°C, and the white blood cell count is 18×10 9 / L, in the case of abnormal coagulation, the prothrombin time is about 18 seconds, and the platelet count drops to about 90×10 9 / L; in unexpected emergency scenarios, the probability of oxygenator membrane rupture in equipment sudden failure scenarios is about 12%. After the failure, the oxygenation efficiency drops from more than 95% to less than 60% within 1.5 minutes. There are also customized specific scenarios such as the ECMO priming scenario for nursing nurses to conduct practical hands-on training on ECMO device connection. The total amount of priming fluid is about 1200 ml, and the priming flow rate is about 150 ml / min.

[0041] In a scenario simulating a routine patient with severe cardiopulmonary failure who is on ECMO, after putting on the VR device, the trainees will see a standard operating room in front of them, with a simulated patient lying on the operating table and a complete ECMO device that meets actual specifications placed next to it. The lighting brightness and color temperature simulate the lighting conditions in a real operating room. They can also hear the heartbeat of the monitor, which is about 80 times per minute at a loudness of about 25 decibels, the hum of the ECMO device (about 45 decibels), and the sounds of surrounding medical staff communicating about the patient's condition, allowing the trainees to intuitively feel the real operating environment and the virtual objects in the scene.

[0042] The VR virtual interactive operation module is electrically connected to the virtual scene construction module. The VR virtual interactive operation module enables the trainees to interact with the virtual scene and virtual equipment through the interactive equipment.

[0043] It should be noted that in the process of interaction in the virtual scene, various interactive functions are realized by means of hand movements or handle operations, which require the ability to simulate a series of actions involved in operating ECMO in reality, such as taking, inserting, pulling out, twisting, pushing, bending, puncturing, etc., so as to restore the operation process of ECMO in the actual scene as much as possible. At the same time, during the operation, there should be corresponding animation effects in the virtual space, such as blood flowing naturally in the pipeline, the bubbles presented are of moderate size and reasonable distribution, the impeller of the centrifugal pump rotates in an orderly manner at the corresponding speed, and the numbers on the MAQUET machine operation panel will change in real time with the adjustment of parameters. This kind of interaction emphasizes the integration of all-round senses, so as to achieve "eyes, hands, and ears". That is, the human body's vision, hearing, and touch simulated by the handle feedback, combined with gestures and other aspects, are integrated into the virtual space together, so as to build a highly simulated simulation environment, so that users feel as if they are in the real ECMO operation site, and effectively improve the actual effect of application scenarios such as training.

[0044] Specifically, interactive operations between trainers and virtual scenes and virtual devices are realized through interactive devices such as handles, gestures, and somatosensory gloves. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0045] Step 1: Train personnel to wear the somatosensory gloves correctly, hold the handles, and make preparations before operation.

[0046] Step 2. After entering the virtual scene, facing the virtual ECMO equipment and various medical devices such as puncture needles and catheters, the trainees use the hand movement capture function of the somatosensory gloves, or operate the corresponding "grab" function buttons on the handle, just like reaching out to grab objects in reality, so that the system can recognize the intention to pick up, and then realize the action of picking up virtual puncture needles, catheters and other medical devices.

[0047] Step 3. When performing the puncture operation, the trainee moves the puncture needle to the corresponding body part of the simulated patient, and the hands simulate the force, angle adjustment and other actions during the real puncture. The somatosensory gloves will accurately capture these action details, and the handle can also transmit the corresponding operation information to the system according to the set operation logic.

[0048] Step 4. When performing the intubation operation, first select a suitable catheter, pick up the catheter as you would a puncture needle, and carefully insert the catheter along the preset human channel. During the process, pay attention to parameters such as the depth and angle of the catheter insertion. These operational actions will be captured by the system in real time.

[0049] Step 5. When connecting the pipelines, you must accurately find the interfaces of each pipeline and connect the different pipelines in the correct order and method through manual rotation, plugging and unplugging. The system will determine whether the interface connection is tight and the connection sequence is correct based on the built-in medical standards and operating specifications.

[0050] Step 6. When adjusting the parameters of the ECMO device, the trainees use specific buttons on the handle or somatosensory gloves to simulate finger clicks, slide parameter adjustment buttons on the virtual device, and adjust parameters such as blood flow rate and oxygenation concentration. The system captures the operation actions in real time and judges the accuracy and standardization of the operation based on built-in medical standards and operating specifications. Once an operation that does not comply with the specifications occurs, the system will promptly give prompts, such as by vibrating the handle or popping up a prompt box in the virtual scene to remind the trainees to correct the operation, so as to ensure that the trainees' operations in the virtual environment can be as close to reality as possible and meet professional requirements.

[0051] This application can simulate operational feedback of different forces and angles. Taking the puncture operation as an example, when the trainee holds the virtual puncture needle and inserts it into the simulated patient's body at different angles and forces, the system will give corresponding resistance feedback and prompts on whether the operation is successful or not based on the real human anatomical structure and operation requirements. If the operation does not meet the specifications, the system will promptly remind and display the correct operation method.

[0052] When performing ECMO cannulation, trainees hold the virtual cannulation instrument with the somatosensory gloves and slowly insert the cannula into the simulated patient's blood vessels according to the operating procedures. During this process, they can feel resistance changes similar to real cannulation. If the cannulation direction deviates, the system will inform the trainees through handle vibration or gesture recognition and text prompts in the virtual scene that "the cannulation direction is incorrect, please adjust to the direction indicated by the lower left arrow" to guide the trainees to make the correct operation.

[0053] Following the above interactive operations, the MAQUET centrifugal pump, air mixer, air source, variable temperature water tank, blood gas and ACT analyzers are also operated in the virtual space.

[0054] ECMO pre-flushing operation process module: The ECMO pre-flushing operation process module generates the standard steps and specification requirements of ECMO pre-flushing of virtual equipment based on the interactive information of the virtual scene and VR virtual interactive operation module, and establishes the ECMO pre-flushing operation process in the virtual scene;

[0055] Specifically, the ECMO pre-flushing operation process is as follows: It is based on the realistic scene built by the virtual scene construction module and the interactive function realized by the VR virtual interactive operation module to reproduce the real ECMO pre-flushing process in the virtual scene. The total amount of pre-flushing fluid is set to 1200 ml, and the pre-flushing flow rate is controlled at about 150 ml / minute. During pre-flushing, the diameter of each connection interface is about 0.8 cm, and the plugging and unplugging force simulates the friction of the real interface, which is about 1-2 Newtons. In this specific virtual scene, the trainers, based on the interactive function of the VR virtual interactive operation module, perform hands-on operations according to the standard pre-flushing process, further deepening the application of virtual interactive operations in ECMO specific processes, making the training more targeted, and also giving the virtual scene a professional and practical training application scenario.

[0056] Furthermore, the entire ECMO priming process is accurately reproduced in the virtual environment, including the following steps:

[0057] To prepare items, the steps are as follows:

[0058] Equipment: MAQUET centrifugal pump, air-oxygen mixer and gas source, variable temperature water tank, B-ultrasound machine, blood gas and ACT analyzers;

[0059] Consumables: PLS kit and its stent, arteriovenous cannula, dilator, blade, suture, 90*60 film, sterile gauze, blood gas tablets and ACT tablets, etc.;

[0060] Drugs: 4 tubes of heparin, 1000ml of 0.9% NS, spare epinephrine, dopamine, norepinephrine, protamine;

[0061] Other items: catheter clamp, PICC bag, phlebotomy bag, disposable interventional bag, B-ultrasound protective cover, etc.

[0062] In the pre-flushing stage, the steps are as follows:

[0063] Check: validity period;

[0064] Open the package, connect the venous drainage tube to the inlet of the centrifugal pump head, and secure it with a cable tie;

[0065] Connect the variable temperature water tank, set the appropriate temperature, and circulate the water. Check whether the variable temperature system of the oxygenator is leaking. If there is a leak, replace the bag.

[0066] Open the yellow exhaust cap on the oxygenator and keep the exhaust hole open during the priming process and ECMO operation to ensure continuous exhaust;

[0067] Connect two pre-filled tubes and block them between them with a hose clamp;

[0068] Insert the needle of the priming tube near the venous end of the centrifugal pump head into the priming liquid container, and insert the other priming tube into the priming bag; use gravity to exhaust the gas from the priming tube connected to the priming liquid container to the outlet of the centrifugal pump head, and clamp the outlet of the centrifugal pump head with a hose clamp;

[0069] Apply coupling agent to the centrifugal pump head and install it into the centrifugal pump drive device. Drive the centrifugal pump, press the "clamp" key to confirm, eliminate the alarm sound, adjust the speed of the centrifugal pump to about 2000RPM, loosen the centrifugal pump head clamp, and pre-fill the oxygenator and pipeline;

[0070] When the priming liquid in the priming bag reaches 200-400 ml, connect both priming tubes to the priming bag;

[0071] Check whether there are any bubbles remaining in each joint and tighten each joint;

[0072] Loosen the middle pipe clamp of the two pre-charged pipes and confirm the pre-charge condition in the pipe again;

[0073] After the pre-charging is completed, the PLS package will be in self-circulation standby mode;

[0074] After the on-stage arteriovenous cannula is inserted, the on-stage tube packaging is opened and the on-stage tube is handed to the on-stage doctor;

[0075] Straighten out the entire circulation pipeline and fix it in the appropriate position;

[0076] Connect the air-oxygen mixed gas pipeline (gas source → air-oxygen mixer → oxygenator).

[0077] To start the centrifugal pump, follow the steps below:

[0078] Connect the power cord and turn on the power switch;

[0079] Press the 'Clamp' key. If the pump head is not installed in the pump tank at this time, press the mute key to silence the alarm sound;

[0080] Put coupling agent in the groove of the flow probe, the volume of the coupling agent is about 1 / 3 of the volume of the groove;

[0081] Insert the pre-filled centrifugal pump head;

[0082] A left arrow '<=<=' appears in the speed window, return the speed knob to zero; long press the zero key until you hear four beeps (three short and one long);

[0083] The speed window displays 4 "0"s, and the system enters the working state;

[0084] Usage: Select the operation mode and set the appropriate speed.

[0085] The multi-person collaboration module is electrically connected to the ECMO pre-flushing operation process module. The multi-person collaboration module will assign the personnel participating in the training according to different roles, and they will play different characters in the virtual scene for collaborative training.

[0086] Specifically, in the simulation of a complex ECMO activation scenario, the medical staff configuration is set to about 8 people according to the actual situation. The various roles communicate through the voice communication function, and the voice transmission delay is controlled within 50 milliseconds to ensure smooth communication. During collaborative operations, the synchronization error of the operating actions is required to be within 0.5 seconds, simulating the team collaboration process in real rescue, expanding the application dimensions of virtual scenes, enriching the forms of virtual interactive operations, and making the training more in line with the actual ECMO rescue work situation.

[0087] Secondly, in the process of rescuing critically ill patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO, it is often necessary to respond quickly within an extremely tight time frame, and there are extremely high requirements for the cooperation between medical staff. In view of this, with the help of a combination of virtual technology and computer network technology, a corresponding training system is created, which can assign the participants in the training according to different roles, so that they can play different roles such as surgeons, anesthesiologists, perfusionists, and instrument nurses in virtual scenes, and then carry out collaborative training. By simulating real rescue scenes in virtual space, the trainees can cooperate with each other to perform various operations. The collaborative experience accumulated by the trainees in the virtual environment and the tacit understanding of each other's operations can be effectively transferred to real work, greatly enhancing the proficiency and fit of mutual cooperation in actual ECMO rescue work, and improving the overall rescue efficiency and quality.

[0088] This system supports multiple trainees to access the virtual scene at the same time, each playing different roles such as surgeon, anesthesiologist, perfusionist, instrument nurse, etc., and simulating the team collaboration process in real ECMO treatment through voice communication, collaborative operation and other functions. The system will monitor the operation and mutual cooperation of each role in real time, judge the rationality and effectiveness of the collaboration according to medical standards, and help trainees improve their team collaboration ability. When simulating a complex ECMO treatment operation, three trainees play the roles of surgeon, anesthesiologist and instrument nurse respectively. The surgeon issues operation instructions, the anesthesiologist adjusts the anesthesia dose according to the patient's condition, and the instrument nurse accurately delivers the required equipment. If there is a delay or error in the coordination of any link, the system will promptly remind and correct it, so that you can experience the real collaboration requirements and processes.

[0089] The training content management module is electrically connected to the ECMO pre-flushing operation process module and the multi-person collaboration module. The training content management module is used to manage the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO training content for trainees.

[0090] Specifically, the theoretical knowledge presented in text form can reach thousands of words in total, and the video explanation duration is about dozens of hours in total, covering a wide range of content from the basic principles of ECMO to the key points of complex operations, allowing trainees to learn theoretical knowledge while practicing operations; on the other hand, it will track and manage the training progress based on the performance of trainees in each module, record the average number of operating errors per person (about 5-10 times per training (varies in different operation links), as well as operating habits and other information, to clarify the learning direction for trainees and enable the training effects of each module to be better implemented and consolidated.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an emergency simulation module, which is used to set a variety of sudden abnormal situations that may occur in the actual ECMO treatment process. According to the probability of the sudden abnormal situation set or the requirements of the training stage, at least one sudden abnormal situation is randomly triggered to allow the training personnel to perform emergency operation responses and provide corresponding guidance and evaluation.

[0092] It should be noted that in the actual process of rescuing critically ill patients, various abnormal situations are common. If the training is limited to conducting routine operation process training in a virtual scene, it is easy to encounter such a situation: when faced with sudden abnormal situations in reality, the trainees are often prone to panic, and may even completely lose their judgment ability and find it difficult to make correct decisions.

[0093] In view of this, it is particularly important to add the simulation function of abnormal situations in the training system. By presetting various abnormal scenarios such as sudden equipment failure, rapid deterioration of patients' conditions, sudden power outages, etc., and randomly triggering these situations during the training process, the trainees can respond to them in person. This can effectively strengthen their emergency response capabilities, so that they can remain calm when encountering real emergencies, make reasonable decisions quickly and accurately, and better cope with the complex and changing rescue environment.

[0094] A variety of sudden abnormal situations that may occur during the actual ECMO treatment process are preset, such as sudden damage to key components of the equipment, serious complications in patients, and interference from external environmental factors.

[0095] During the training process, these emergencies are randomly triggered according to the set probability or training stage requirements, allowing trainees to exercise their ability to deal with emergencies without any preparation, observe their emergency operation responses, and provide corresponding guidance and evaluation.

[0096] When the trainees are performing the normal operation monitoring operation of ECMO, the system suddenly simulates the emergency situation of oxygenator membrane rupture. At this time, the virtual appearance of the oxygenator will show the corresponding fault warning light flashing, and the patient's vital signs parameters on the virtual monitor will also begin to change dramatically. The trainees need to respond quickly and replace the oxygenator in time or take other temporary remedial measures according to the emergency handling process they have learned. The system will record the entire emergency operation process of the trainees and point out the advantages and disadvantages in the subsequent analysis.

[0097] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the sudden abnormal situation includes sudden equipment failure, rapid deterioration of the patient's condition, sudden power outage, sudden damage to key components of the equipment and serious complications of the patient.

[0098] Specifically, an abnormal situation simulation example of the present system is as follows: the probability of ECMO oxygenator membrane rupture is set at about 12%. Once the fault is triggered, the oxygenation efficiency of the oxygenator will rapidly drop from the normal 95% to below 60% within 1.5 minutes, accompanied by the alarm sound of the equipment. The alarm volume reaches about 65 decibels, and the prompt audio frequency is about 600 Hz. The trainees are required to use the operational skills, collaboration ability and theoretical knowledge learned in each module to respond to emergencies through virtual interactive operations, thereby testing and improving the trainees' emergency response capabilities in the face of abnormal situations, and further improving the entire training system.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a training and examination system module, which is electrically connected to the emergency simulation module. The training and examination system module is used to set a variety of assessment methods to assess the trainees, and simultaneously generate an assessment report to quantify the performance of the trainees in each assessment item.

[0100] It should be noted that after becoming proficient in the training and having undergone sufficient practical training, after a period of solid and continuous training, if they have the ability to successfully complete the entire extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO process, they will enter the training examination stage.

[0101] When conducting training examinations, it is necessary to conduct meticulous scoring and evaluation for each operation of the trainees, and clearly require them to complete the corresponding tasks within the specified time frame. The benefits of adopting such an assessment model are multifaceted. On the one hand, it can further deepen the proficiency of the trainees' operations, making them more handy when performing ECMO-related operations; on the other hand, it can also promote them to improve their skills in all aspects from multiple dimensions. For example, in terms of operating skills, it can make the operation more precise and standardized, and in emergency response, it can make their response more agile and their response strategies more reasonable.

[0102] In addition, the results of the training exam are also a valuable reference for trainees, which can help trainees clearly understand their own deficiencies in theoretical knowledge, and then strengthen the in-depth study and consolidation of theoretical knowledge in a targeted manner. In this way, the synergistic improvement of theoretical knowledge and practical operation ability can be achieved, so that when trainees face actual ECMO work scenarios, whether it is the proficiency of operation, the ability to deal with emergencies, or the ability to make correct decisions based on theoretical knowledge, etc., they can be fully enhanced, so as to be better qualified for ECMO-related work tasks.

[0103] This system can automatically generate detailed assessment reports, quantify the performance of trainees in each assessment item, and point out specific advantages and areas for improvement through text descriptions, providing clear guidance for subsequent targeted learning and improvement of trainees.

[0104] In a comprehensive assessment, the theoretical knowledge assessment is first conducted. The system pops up a series of questions, and the trainees submit their answers. Then the operational skills assessment phase begins. The trainees are required to complete a full set of ECMO startup and operation debugging operations under simulated complex disease scenarios. The system records data such as operation time and step accuracy. Finally, the emergency treatment assessment is triggered to simulate the sudden situation of severe hypotension in patients. After the trainees perform the response operation, the system generates an assessment report containing various scores and specific evaluations, such as "the operational skills assessment score is 80 points, the speed of the intubation operation is slightly slow, and the angle adjustment can be more precise; the emergency treatment ability assessment score is 70 points, and the drug dosage selection is not accurate enough when taking pressor measures. It is recommended to review relevant knowledge points and strengthen practice" and other content, which is convenient for trainees to understand their own situation and improve.

[0105] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the assessment methods include theoretical knowledge assessment and virtual scene simulation assessment. The theoretical knowledge assessment includes multiple-choice questions, true-or-false questions, short-answer questions and operating specifications; the virtual scene simulation assessment includes operating skills, proficiency in operating tasks and emergency handling ability assessment.

[0106] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the interactive device includes a handle or a somatosensory glove, and the ECMO device includes a host, a centrifugal pump, an oxygenator, a pipeline, a bed and a monitoring instrument.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the training content management module has a built-in ECMO training course, which includes theoretical knowledge explanation, ECMO preparation related theory, patient assessment theoretical knowledge and catheter positioning theoretical explanation;

[0108] The training format of ECMO training courses includes text, pictures or videos;

[0109] The theory of ECMO preparation includes an introduction to the preparation list of ECMO equipment and various consumables, precautions during preparation, and the functional principles of each component;

[0110] Theoretical knowledge of patient assessment includes the key points of comprehensively judging whether ECMO is suitable based on the patient's vital signs, medical history, and test reports;

[0111] The theoretical explanation of catheter positioning includes the anatomical basis of catheter positioning in different parts, common positioning methods and judgment criteria.

[0112] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the training content management module personalizes and pushes training courses according to the professional background and learning progress of different trainees, ensuring that each trainee can receive effective training materials that meet their needs.

[0113] Specifically, for novice nurses who have just come into contact with ECMO knowledge, the system first pushes a basic ECMO principle introduction video, a simple equipment structure diagram and text description to help them understand the basic concepts. At the same time, it will also push some simple guides on ECMO preparation, such as the most basic equipment and consumables preparation process, as well as some indicators that are easy to observe and judge in patient assessment, and a relatively simple surface positioning method introduction in catheter positioning, so that they can have a preliminary understanding of these links. As the learning deepens, some ECMO operation practice tasks simulating simple conditions will be arranged, such as pipeline connection operation exercises in a stable patient simulation scene, and the corresponding operation process animation demonstrations will be provided for reference and comparison, so as to gradually improve their operation skills. In the process, more in-depth ECMO preparation details, patient assessment points under complex conditions, and practical requirements for catheter positioning in different scenarios will also be integrated to help trainees master skills in all aspects.

[0114] For novice nurses who are new to ECMO knowledge, the system first pushes a basic ECMO principle introduction video, a simple equipment structure diagram and text description to help them understand the basic concepts. As learning deepens, some ECMO operation practice tasks simulating simple conditions are arranged, such as practicing pipeline connection operations in a stable patient simulation scene, and supporting corresponding operation process animation demonstrations for reference and comparison, so as to gradually improve their operation skills. In this process, for ECMO preparation work, they will gradually be required to independently complete the equipment startup and debugging, consumables inspection and verification, etc. according to the standard process. At the same time, the system will give real-time operation prompts and correct feedback; in the patient evaluation link, detailed information of different simulated patients will be given to let them practice how to comprehensively judge the necessity and timing of patients using ECMO, and provide targeted analysis and guidance based on their evaluation results; for the catheter positioning part, catheter positioning tasks of different difficulty levels will be set, from more obvious surface landmark positioning to complex positioning that requires a combination of imaging and other means, so that they can continuously improve the accuracy of catheter positioning in practice, and then comprehensively improve their operation capabilities in all aspects related to ECMO.

[0115] In summary, by using virtual realization technology to provide an immersive experience, conducting real simulation ECMO operation training, and hands-on practice, it has a significant and positive effect on improving the professional ability of ECMO medical staff, improving training quality, and saving training resources.

[0116] On the one hand, this application increases the frequency of practice, breaking through the limitations of scarce practice opportunities caused by expensive ECMO consumables and the small number of critically ill patients in reality. Trainees can practice in a virtual environment at any time to improve their operational proficiency; on the other hand, it enhances operational accuracy, with the help of high-precision virtual interactive operations and real-time feedback based on medical standards, to help trainees accurately grasp the key points and improve accuracy.

[0117] In creating an immersive experience, this application uses a 1:1 restored extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO usage scenario to present details such as the operating room environment, equipment operation sounds, and light atmosphere one by one, and then cooperates with VR interactive equipment to make the trainees feel like they are at the actual rescue site, so that they can understand the operation situation and requirements more intuitively. In terms of interactive operation learning, trainees can interact with virtual scenes and equipment through handles or gestures, somatosensory gloves, etc., personally operate virtual medical equipment, and simulate the real rescue process, which changes the traditional one-way knowledge transfer training model, improves the participation and learning enthusiasm of trainees, and helps them better master the operation skills. It is also particularly important to simulate real human physiological feedback. During operation, the corresponding physiological reactions will be presented according to the virtual patient settings. For example, accurate puncture operations will result in blood return to the blood vessels and normal changes in vital signs. When errors occur, adverse reactions such as abnormal heart rate and blood pressure fluctuations will occur, allowing trainees to truly feel the impact of the operation on the "patient" state, making them more cautious in operation and enhancing the sense of reality of training. At the same time, the system can restore the medical team collaboration scene. Different trainees can play the roles of surgeons, anesthesiologists, and instrument nurses. Through voice communication and collaborative operation, they can complete the rescue task together, simulating the real division of labor, communication and coordination, so that trainees can experience the importance of teamwork in ECMO operation, and make the interaction more complex, rich, and close to actual clinical work. In addition, the system can simulate the dynamic changes of the real environment. Given that the real rescue scene is dynamic, such as changes in temperature and humidity in the operating room, and long-term operation of equipment will affect the operation. By simulating these factors, trainees can adjust the operation strategy in real time according to environmental changes, making the training scene more realistic and interactive. Furthermore, considering that the patient's emotions and state have an impact on the operation, the system will simulate the struggle, non-cooperation, confusion, agitation and other situations caused by changes in the patient's condition when they are anxious and fearful. Trainees need to deal with these complex "patient" situations to complete the operation, which not only increases the difficulty and realism of the interaction, but also exercises their ability to communicate with patients, comfort them, and flexibly adjust the operation.

[0118] This application presets a large number of emergency situations that may occur during actual treatment, such as equipment failure, sudden patient complications, etc., and can be triggered randomly, allowing trainees to conduct emergency response training without any preparation, thereby becoming familiar with the response process and methods, and enhancing their ability and psychological quality to deal with actual emergencies; through repeated simulation of emergency training in a virtual environment, trainees will gradually develop a habit of quick response, and when encountering similar emergencies in the future, they will be able to make judgments and take measures more quickly and accurately, reducing delays in treatment and ensuring patient safety.

[0119] This application can realize comprehensive assessment in multiple dimensions, assessing trainees from dimensions such as theoretical knowledge, operational skills, and emergency handling capabilities, scientifically and accurately measuring their mastery level, and avoiding assessment of single issues. In addition, this application can also provide detailed personalized feedback, analyze training data, and generate targeted reports for each person, pointing out strengths and weaknesses, helping trainees to identify improvement directions and enhance training effectiveness and professionalism.

[0120] This application can reduce the cost of consumables, eliminate the need for really expensive ECMO consumables, reduce material consumption, save costs, and facilitate more institutions and personnel to carry out training. On the other hand, it can optimize human resource allocation and alleviate the problem of tight teaching staff. Trainers can learn independently according to system prompts, make rational use of manpower, and improve efficiency.

[0121] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0122] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to the above embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the above embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0123] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system, characterized in that: include: A virtual scene construction module, which virtualizes the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO real scene and all required objects based on the modeling software, and models the operating room environment and ECMO equipment according to the actual ECMO usage scenario; A VR virtual interaction operation module, the VR virtual interaction operation module is electrically connected to the virtual scene construction module, and the VR virtual interaction operation module enables the trainee to interact with the virtual scene and the virtual device through an interactive device; An ECMO pre-flushing operation process module, which generates standard steps and specification requirements for ECMO pre-flushing of a virtual device based on the interactive information of the virtual scene and the VR virtual interactive operation module, and establishes an ECMO pre-flushing operation process in the virtual scene; A multi-person collaboration module, the multi-person collaboration module is electrically connected to the ECMO priming operation process module, and the multi-person collaboration module assigns the personnel participating in the training according to different roles, so that the personnel play different roles in the virtual scene for collaborative training; A training content management module, wherein the training content management module is electrically connected to the ECMO priming operation process module and the multi-person collaboration module, and the training content management module is used to manage the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO training content of trainees.

2. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an emergency simulation module, which is used to set a variety of sudden abnormal situations that may occur in the actual ECMO treatment process. According to the probability of the sudden abnormal situation set or the requirements of the training stage, at least one sudden abnormal situation is randomly triggered to allow the trainees to perform emergency operation responses and provide corresponding guidance and evaluation.

3. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sudden abnormal situations include sudden equipment failure, rapid deterioration of the patient's condition, sudden power outage, sudden damage to key components of the equipment and serious complications of the patient.

4. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a training and examination system module, which is electrically connected to the emergency simulation module. The training and examination system module is used to set a variety of assessment methods to assess the trainees, and simultaneously generate an assessment report to quantify the performance of the trainees in each assessment item.

5. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The assessment method includes theoretical knowledge assessment and virtual scene simulation assessment. The theoretical knowledge assessment includes multiple-choice questions, true-or-false questions, short-answer questions and operating specifications; the virtual scene simulation assessment includes operating skills, proficiency in operating tasks and emergency response capabilities.

6. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interactive device includes a handle or a somatosensory glove, and the ECMO device includes a host, a centrifugal pump, an oxygenator, a pipeline, a bed and a monitoring instrument.

7. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The training content management module has a built-in ECMO training course, which includes theoretical knowledge explanation, ECMO preparation related theory, patient assessment theoretical knowledge and catheter positioning theoretical explanation; The training format of the ECMO training course includes text, pictures or videos; The ECMO preparation theory includes an introduction to the preparation list of ECMO equipment and various consumables, precautions during preparation, and the functional principles of each component; The theoretical knowledge of patient assessment includes the key points of comprehensively judging whether ECMO is suitable through the patient's vital signs, medical history, and test reports; The theoretical explanation of catheter positioning includes the anatomical basis of catheter positioning in different parts, common positioning methods and judgment criteria.

8. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation VR training system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The training content management module customizes and pushes training courses according to the professional background and learning progress of different trainees, ensuring that each trainee can receive effective training materials that meet their needs.

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