Data transmission method and device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method and device, and the method comprises the steps that terminal equipment determines one codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook according to a first parameter; wherein each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; each code word in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal. The terminal equipment sends first data and a first reference signal, and a determined codebook is a first codebook; the first data is determined by adopting code words in the first codebook; the first reference signal corresponds to a code word adopted for determining the first data. Or, the terminal equipment sends second data, and the determined codebook is the second codebook; the second data is determined by adopting the code words in the second codebook. According to the method, the design of the first codebook and the second codebook increases the codeword capacity, and is beneficial to reducing the probability of collision of reference signals, so that the channel estimation performance can be improved, and the demodulation performance is further improved.

Description

Data transmission method and device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a data transmission method and device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in non-orthogonal multiple access (NoMA) transmission systems, codewords in a codebook correspond to reference signals. Terminals can use the codewords in the codebook to spread data and send the spread data and the reference signal corresponding to the codeword used in the spreading process to the base station. The base station detects the received reference signal to determine the corresponding codeword and despreads the received data based on the determined codeword. The base station also performs channel estimation based on the received reference signal.

[0003] If the codewords in the codebook correspond one-to-one with the reference signals, the codeword capacity—that is, the number of codewords contained in the codebook—is generally limited by the number of reference signals. When there are a large number of terminals, there's a high probability that different terminals will use the same codeword to process data. Consequently, there's a high probability that different terminals will send the same reference signal, resulting in a reference signal collision. While assigning one reference signal to multiple codewords in the codebook can increase codeword capacity, this approach means that even if different terminals use different codewords for expansion processing, the codewords they use may correspond to the same reference signal, leading to reference signal collisions. Reference signal collisions can impact channel estimation performance, and thus demodulation performance.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and apparatus, which can reduce the probability of reference signal collision and improve demodulation performance.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, wherein the execution subject of the method can be a terminal device or a chip used in the terminal device. The following description takes the execution subject as an example. The method includes: the terminal device determines a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook based on a first parameter. Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal. The terminal device sends first data and a first reference signal, and the determined codebook is the first codebook; the first data is determined using the codeword in the first codebook; and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, the terminal device sends second data, and the determined codebook is the second codebook; and the second data is determined using the codeword in the second codebook.

[0007] It can be seen that the data sent by the terminal device is determined based on the codewords in the first codebook or the second codebook, wherein the codewords in the first codebook correspond to the reference signal, and the codewords in the second codebook do not correspond to the reference signal. When the number of reference signals is limited, the codeword capacity is increased, which can reduce the probability that the terminal device and other terminal devices select the same codeword, and reduce the probability that the terminal device and other terminal devices send the same reference signal, that is, reduce the probability of reference signal collision, thereby improving channel estimation performance, and then improving demodulation performance and spectrum efficiency. In addition, if a codebook determined by the terminal device is the second codebook, the terminal device can not send a reference signal, and also reduce the reference signal overhead and the resource overhead used to send the reference signal. In this way, more time-frequency resources can be used to transmit data, which can improve demodulation performance.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the second data is determined using codewords in a second codebook and a modulation scheme corresponding to the second codebook; the modulation scheme corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation. Since the network device, upon receiving data generated using differential modulation or chaotic modulation, can perform channel estimation and obtain channel responses without using a reference signal, and can therefore perform corresponding equalization and demodulation operations to obtain the data sent by the terminal device, when the second codebook corresponds to differential modulation or chaotic modulation, the codewords in the second codebook may not correspond to a reference signal. Therefore, when the terminal device determines that the codebook is the second codebook, the terminal device may not transmit a reference signal, thereby saving reference signal overhead.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes: the terminal device determining a first range and a second range. If the first parameter falls within the first range, the determined codebook is the first codebook; if the first parameter falls within the second range, the determined codebook is the second codebook. This embodiment enables the terminal device to determine a codebook from the first codebook and the second codebook. The design of the first codebook and the second codebook can increase codeword capacity, thereby reducing the probability of reference signal collision, improving channel estimation performance, and thereby improving demodulation performance and spectrum efficiency.

[0010] In an optional implementation, the first parameter includes one or more of the following: transport block size, code rate, reference signal received power, reference signal strength indicator, reference signal received quality, modulation and coding strategy, and synchronization timer count value.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the first codebook are different, and / or any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the second codebook are different; and any codeword included in the first codebook is different from any codeword included in the second codebook. Thus, the codewords in the first codebook and the second codebook are both different, which increases the codeword capacity, helps reduce the probability of reference signal collision, improves channel estimation performance, and further improves demodulation performance and spectrum efficiency.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes: the terminal device sending first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a determined codebook. Thus, the terminal device can inform the network device of the codebook determined by the terminal device through the first indication information, which facilitates the network device processing the received first data or second data based on the codebook indicated by the first indication information.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the first time-frequency resource is used to transmit the first data and the first reference signal; the second time-frequency resource is used to transmit the second data; and the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource are different. This embodiment facilitates the network device to determine the codebook used by the terminal device to process the data based on the time-frequency resource used to receive the data, and further process the received data based on the codebook.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the third time-frequency resource is used to send the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to send the first reference signal; or, both the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are used to send the second data; the mapping method of the first data in the third time-frequency resource is the same as the mapping method of the second data in the third time-frequency resource; the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are different. In this embodiment, the first data and the second data are mapped in the same manner in the third time-frequency resource, which is beneficial for reducing the interference between the first data and the second data during the process of the network device performing despreading processing and interference elimination on the received data when there are both terminal devices sending the first data and other terminal devices sending the second data, thereby improving the demodulation performance and spectrum efficiency.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, which can be performed by a network device or a chip used in the network device. The following description uses the network device as an example. The method includes: the network device receives first data and a first reference signal; the first data is determined using a codeword in a first codebook; and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, the network device receives second data, which is determined using a codeword in a second codebook. Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0016] It can be seen that the data received by the network device is determined based on the codewords in the first codebook or the second codebook, wherein the codewords in the first codebook correspond to the reference signal, and the codewords in the second codebook do not correspond to the reference signal. When the number of reference signals is limited, the codeword capacity is increased, which can reduce the probability that the terminal device and other terminal devices select the same codeword, and reduce the probability that different terminal devices send the same reference signal, that is, reduce the probability of reference signal collision, thereby improving channel estimation performance, and further improving demodulation performance and spectrum efficiency. In addition, the codewords in the second codebook do not correspond to the reference signal, which is conducive to the terminal device not sending the reference signal when processing data using the second codebook, saving the reference signal overhead and the resource overhead for receiving the reference signal. In this way, more time-frequency resources can be used for data transmission, which can improve demodulation performance.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the second data is determined using codewords in a second codebook and a modulation scheme corresponding to the second codebook; the modulation scheme corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation. Because the network device, upon receiving data generated using differential modulation or chaotic modulation, can perform channel estimation and obtain channel responses without using a reference signal, and can therefore perform corresponding equalization and demodulation operations to obtain the data sent by the terminal device, when the second codebook corresponds to differential modulation or chaotic modulation, the codewords in the second codebook may not correspond to a reference signal. This facilitates the terminal device not transmitting a reference signal when processing data using the second codebook, thereby saving reference signal overhead.

[0018] In an optional implementation, the first parameter includes one or more of the following: transport block size, code rate, reference signal received power, reference signal strength indicator, reference signal received quality, modulation and coding strategy, and synchronization timer count value.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the first codebook are different, and / or any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the second codebook are different; and any codeword included in the first codebook is different from any codeword included in the second codebook. Thus, the codewords in the first codebook and the second codebook are both different, which increases the codeword capacity, helps reduce the probability of reference signal collision, improves channel estimation performance, and further improves demodulation performance and spectrum efficiency.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes: the network device receiving first indication information, where the first indication information is used to determine a codebook to be used for processing the first data or the second data. Thus, the network device can determine the codebook to be used by the terminal device for processing data based on the codebook indicated by the first indication information, and the network device can then use the codebook to process the received data.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the first time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data and the first reference signal; the second time-frequency resource is used to receive the second data; and the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource are different. This embodiment allows the network device to determine the codebook used by the terminal device to process the data based on the time-frequency resource used to receive the data, and then process the received data based on the codebook.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the third time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to receive the first reference signal; or, both the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are used to receive the second data; the mapping method of the first data in the third time-frequency resource is the same as the mapping method of the second data in the third time-frequency resource; the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are different. In this embodiment, the mapping method of the first data and the second data in the third time-frequency resource is the same, which can reduce the interference between the first data and the second data in the process of the network device performing despreading processing and interference elimination on the received data when the network device receives both the first data sent by the terminal device and the second data sent by other terminal devices, thereby improving the demodulation performance and spectrum efficiency.

[0023] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a communication device. The communication device has the function of implementing some or all of the embodiments described in the first aspect above, or has the function of implementing some or all of the functional implementations described in the second aspect above. The functions can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the above functions.

[0024] In one possible design, the communication device may include a processing unit and a communication unit. The processing unit is configured to support the communication device in performing the corresponding functions in the above method. The communication unit is configured to support communication between the communication device and other communication devices. The communication device may also include a storage unit, which is coupled to the processing unit and the communication unit and stores program instructions and data necessary for the communication device.

[0025] In one embodiment, the communication device includes: a processing unit and a communication unit, and the processing unit is used to control the communication unit to send and receive data / signaling.

[0026] The processing unit is configured to determine a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook according to a first parameter, wherein each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal, and each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0027] The communication unit is configured to transmit first data and a first reference signal, wherein the determined codebook is the first codebook; the first data is determined using codewords in the first codebook; and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, the communication unit is configured to transmit second data, wherein the determined codebook is the second codebook; and the second data is determined using codewords in the second codebook.

[0028] In addition, in this aspect, other optional implementations of the communication device can refer to the relevant content of the first aspect above and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] In another embodiment, the communication device includes: a processing unit and a communication unit, and the processing unit is used to control the communication unit to send and receive data / signaling.

[0030] The communication unit is used to receive first data and a first reference signal; the first data is determined using a codeword in a first codebook; the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Or,

[0031] The communication unit is used to receive second data, where the second data is determined using codewords in a second codebook.

[0032] Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; and each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0033] In addition, in this aspect, other optional implementations of the communication device can refer to the relevant content of the second aspect above and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] As an example, the communication unit may be a transceiver or a communication interface, the storage unit may be a memory, and the processing unit may be a processor. The processor may be configured to execute the method described in the first or second aspect above through logic circuits or by running a computer program, the transceiver or communication interface may be configured to transmit and receive signals and / or data, and the memory may be configured to store the computer program.

[0035] In one embodiment, the communication device includes: a processor and a transceiver. The processor is configured to determine a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook based on a first parameter. Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal, while each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0036] The transceiver is configured to transmit first data and a first reference signal, wherein the determined codebook is the first codebook; the first data is determined using codewords in the first codebook; and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, the transceiver is configured to transmit second data, wherein the determined codebook is the second codebook; and the second data is determined using codewords in the second codebook.

[0037] In addition, in this aspect, other optional implementations of the communication device can refer to the relevant content of the first aspect above and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] In another embodiment, the communication device includes a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to receive first data and a first reference signal; the first data is determined using a codeword in a first codebook; and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, the transceiver is configured to receive second data, the second data being determined using a codeword in a second codebook. Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal, while each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0039] In addition, in this aspect, other optional implementations of the communication device can refer to the relevant content of the second aspect above and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] In another embodiment, the communication device is a chip or a chip system. The processing unit may also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit; and the transceiver unit may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or a related circuit on the chip or chip system.

[0041] During implementation, the processor can be used to perform, for example, but not limited to, baseband-related processing, and the transceiver or communication interface can be used to perform, for example, but not limited to, radio frequency transceiver. The above-mentioned devices can be provided on separate chips, or at least partially or entirely on the same chip. For example, the processor can be further divided into an analog baseband processor and a digital baseband processor. The analog baseband processor can be integrated with the transceiver (or communication interface) on the same chip, while the digital baseband processor can be provided on a separate chip. With the continuous development of integrated circuit technology, more and more devices can be integrated on the same chip. For example, a digital baseband processor can be integrated with multiple application processors (such as, but not limited to, a graphics processor, a multimedia processor, etc.) on the same chip. Such a chip can be called a system on a chip (SoC). Whether each device is provided independently on different chips or integrated on one or more chips often depends on the needs of the product design. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation form of the above-mentioned devices.

[0042] In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a processor for executing the various methods described above. In the process of executing these methods, the process of sending the above-mentioned signal and receiving the above-mentioned signal in the above-mentioned method can be understood as the process of outputting the above-mentioned signal by the processor, and the process of inputting the above-mentioned signal by the processor. When outputting the above-mentioned signal, the processor outputs the above-mentioned signal to the transceiver so that it is transmitted by the transceiver (or communication interface). After being output by the processor, the above-mentioned signal may also need to undergo other processing before reaching the transceiver (or communication interface). Similarly, when the processor receives the above-mentioned input signal, the transceiver (or communication interface) receives the above-mentioned signal and inputs it into the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver (or communication interface) receives the above-mentioned signal, the above-mentioned signal may need to undergo other processing before being input into the processor.

[0043] For the sending and receiving operations involved in the processor, unless otherwise specified, or unless they conflict with their actual functions or internal logic in the relevant descriptions, they can be more generally understood as processor output, reception, input and other operations, rather than sending and receiving operations directly performed by the RF circuit and antenna.

[0044] During implementation, the processor may be a processor specifically configured to execute these methods, or may be a processor that executes computer instructions in a memory to execute these methods, such as a general-purpose processor. The memory may be a non-transitory memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM), which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip or disposed on separate chips. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type of memory or the configuration of the memory and the processor.

[0045] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a communication system, which includes at least one terminal device and at least one network device according to the above aspects. In another possible design, the system may also include other devices that interact with the terminal device and / or network device in the solution provided by the present application.

[0046] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is run, the method described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect is executed.

[0047] In a seventh aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions, the computer program product comprising: computer program code, which, when the computer program code is run, enables the method described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect to be executed.

[0048] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor and an interface, wherein the interface is used to obtain a program or instruction, and the processor is used to call the program or instruction to implement the functions involved in the first aspect, or to call the program or instruction to implement the functions involved in the second aspect. In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory, which is used to store program instructions and data necessary for the terminal. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a correspondence between a codeword and a reference signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of another correspondence between a codeword and a reference signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another correspondence between a codeword and a reference signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG5 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a first codebook and a second codebook provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a third time-frequency resource and a fourth time-frequency resource provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another third time-frequency resource and a fourth time-frequency resource provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0061] First, in order to better understand the data transmission method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, a communication system to which the embodiment of the present application is applicable is described.

[0062] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to wireless communication systems such as long term evolution (LTE), new radio (NR) systems, namely fifth generation (5G) communication systems, satellite communication systems, and with the continuous development of communication technology, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to communication systems evolved after 5G, such as sixth generation (6G) communication systems. In the embodiments of the present application, wireless communication systems include but are not limited to: narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (EDGE), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2000), time division-synchronization code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), LTE, and three major application scenarios of 5G mobile communication systems: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC), and massive machine type communication (mMTC).

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a structural diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication system may include but is not limited to a network device and a terminal device. The communication system may also include a channel for transmitting data between the network device and the terminal device, such as a transmission medium such as optical fiber, cable or atmosphere. The number and form of the devices shown in Figure 1 are used for example and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiment of the present application. In actual applications, two or more network devices and two or more terminal devices may be included. The communication system shown in Figure 1 is explained by taking a network device and two terminal devices as an example. Among them, the network device in Figure 1 takes a base station as an example, and the terminal device takes a mobile phone as an example.

[0064] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device may be a device with wireless transceiver functions, and the network device includes but is not limited to: evolved node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home network device (for example, home evolved Node B, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP) in wireless fidelity (WIFI) system, wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TRP) or transmission point (TP), etc., and can also be a base station (BS) in 4G, 5G or even 6G system. A base station is a device deployed in a wireless access network to provide wireless communication capabilities for terminal devices. It can also be called a base station device, such as the evolutionary Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in LTE, the Node B (Node B) in the third generation (3G) communication system, and the base station (gNodeB or gNB) in NR. A base station can include a base station unit (BBU) and a remote radio unit (RRU). The BBU and RRU can be placed in different locations, for example: the RRU is remote and placed in an area with high traffic volume, while the BBU is placed in a central computer room. The BBU and RRU can also be placed in the same computer room. The BBU and RRU can also be different components under the same rack. Base stations can be in the following forms: macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small base stations), pico base stations, relay stations, access points, or balloon stations.

[0065] In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal, access terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, user agent or user device, and may be applied to 4G, 5G or even 6G systems. The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application may be a handheld device, vehicle-mounted device, wearable device, computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem with wireless communication capabilities, such as a cellular phone, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a wireless modem, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, etc. The terminal device may also be a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, and the like.

[0066] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this application, the following two points are explained.

[0067] (1) The scenarios in the embodiments disclosed in this application are described using the scenarios of the NR network in the wireless communication network as an example. It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments disclosed in this application can also be applied to other wireless communication networks, and the corresponding names can also be replaced by the names of corresponding functions in other wireless communication networks.

[0068] (2) The embodiments disclosed herein will present various aspects, embodiments, or features of the present invention in the context of systems including multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that each system may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all of the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying figures. Furthermore, combinations of these schemes may also be used.

[0069] Next, a brief introduction is given to the relevant concepts involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0070] 1. Codebook and codewords

[0071] A codebook consists of one or more code words, and the code words can be used for the terminal device to perform spreading processing on the data. The data for spreading processing by the terminal device may be a modulation symbol, and the data for spreading processing by the terminal device may also be the output data obtained by Fourier transforming the modulation symbol. In an embodiment of the present application, the codeword may be a sparse codeword, such as a codeword used for sparse code multiple access (SCMA) transmission; the codeword may also be a dense codeword, such as a codeword used for multi-user shared access (MUSA) transmission, without limitation. In addition, the codebook may also be referred to as a signature sequence group, and correspondingly, the codeword may also be referred to as a signature sequence. In addition, the codebook may also be referred to as a spread spectrum sequence group, and correspondingly, the codeword may also be referred to as a spread spectrum sequence.

[0072] Codeword capacity refers to the number of codewords, and codeword length refers to the number of coefficient values ​​contained in a codeword. For example, if the codeword length is 4, meaning that a codeword contains 4 coefficient values, the codeword capacity can be 64 codewords. For another example, if the codeword length is L, meaning that a codeword contains L coefficient values, using a codeword to extend a modulation symbol can involve multiplying the modulation symbol by each of the L coefficient values, resulting in L expanded data, i.e., L values, where L is a positive integer.

[0073] Signature hopping refers to the practice of using different codewords for spreading different modulation symbols when a terminal device performs spread processing on multiple modulation symbols. This helps randomize interference when multiple terminal devices perform non-orthogonal multiple access (NoMA) transmissions, helping to improve demodulation performance. Furthermore, when a terminal device does not perform signature hopping on multiple modulation symbols, the same codeword is used for spreading the multiple modulation symbols.

[0074] 2. Reference signal

[0075] Reference signals can be used by network equipment to perform channel estimation and obtain the channel response of terminal devices. In a NoMA transmission system, if the reference signal corresponds to a codeword, the reference signal can also be used by the network equipment to determine the codeword used by the terminal device to spread the data to be transmitted. The network equipment can then despread the received data based on the determined codeword. Reference signals can also be called reference signal sequences.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the reference signal may be a Zad-off Chu sequence (ZC sequence for short), or a pseudo-random noise (PN) sequence, or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0077] 3. Time unit

[0078] A time unit may be one or more frames, one or more subframes, one or more time slots, one or more mini-slots, or one or more symbols, etc. A symbol may be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a discrete Fourier transform spread spectrum orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) symbol, etc. Furthermore, a time unit may have a duration of milliseconds (ms) or seconds (s).

[0079] In the embodiments of the present application, the time-frequency resources used to transmit data, signals, or information may be represented by time units in the time domain. For example, the first time-frequency resource, the second time-frequency resource, the third time-frequency resource, and the fourth time-frequency resource may each include one or more time units in the time domain. Furthermore, the time units may be predefined or specified by a network device, without limitation.

[0080] Currently, in the NoMA transmission system, the codewords in the codebook correspond to the reference signals, and multiple terminal devices can send data and reference signals to the network device at the same time. Specifically, any terminal device can use the codewords in the codebook to perform expansion processing on the data to be sent, or use the codewords in the codebook to perform expansion processing on the data to be sent and the reference signal, and send the expanded data and reference signal to the network device. The network device can perform channel estimation based on the reference signal to obtain the channel response of the terminal device, and use successive interference cancellation (SIC) technology to eliminate interference between multiple terminal devices and improve demodulation performance. In addition, the codewords used by different terminal devices to process the data to be sent can be orthogonal or non-orthogonal.

[0081] In one approach, the codewords in the codebook correspond one-to-one with the reference signals, meaning different codewords correspond to different reference signals. The network device can then determine the codeword used by the terminal device to process data by detecting the reference signal. For example, referring to Figure 2 , the codeword length is 4, and the codeword capacity is 64 codewords, with these 64 codewords corresponding one-to-one to the 64 reference signals. In this approach, when the codeword length is large, the space for codeword design is relatively large, meaning a large number of codewords can be designed. In this case, the codeword capacity may be limited by the number of reference signals. This is because the number of reference signals that can be designed is limited based on orthogonality requirements, and the number of codewords that correspond one-to-one to reference signals is also limited. The smaller the codeword capacity, the greater the probability that different terminal devices will select the same codeword to process data. Consequently, the greater the probability that different terminal devices will send the same reference signal, i.e., the reference signal will collide, which in turn has a greater impact on channel estimation performance and lower demodulation performance. For example, referring to FIG3 , when the codeword length is 8, 192 codewords can be designed. However, since the number of reference signals that can be designed is 64, in order to make the codewords correspond one-to-one with the reference signals, the codeword capacity will be limited by the number of reference signals, so only 64 codewords can be determined.

[0082] In another approach, one reference signal corresponds to multiple codewords. For example, referring to Figure 4 , when the codeword length is 8, 192 codewords can be designed. These 192 codewords can be divided into three groups, each containing 64 codewords. Each of the 64 reference signals corresponds to one codeword in each group. For example, reference signal #1 corresponds to one codeword in the first group, one codeword in the second group, and one codeword in the third group. In Figure 3 , codewords in different groups are distinguished by different colors; codewords of the same color belong to the same group. Compared to a one-to-one correspondence between codewords and reference signals, a method in which one reference signal corresponds to multiple codewords can increase codeword capacity and reduce the probability of reference signal collisions. However, even if multiple terminal devices select different codewords, different codewords may correspond to the same reference signal, resulting in a reference signal collision. For example, if two terminal devices select different codewords corresponding to the same reference signal in two codeword groups, the network device cannot determine which codeword the terminal selected based on the detected reference signals. It can be seen that the method of using one reference signal to correspond to multiple codewords still makes the probability of reference signal collision higher, affecting the channel estimation performance and further affecting the demodulation performance.

[0083] An embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, in which a terminal device can determine a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook based on a first parameter; each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; and each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal. The terminal device sends first data and a first reference signal, the determined codebook is the first codebook, the first data is determined using the codeword in the first codebook, and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, the terminal device sends second data, the determined codebook is the second codebook, and the second data is determined using the codeword in the second codebook. This data transmission method can reduce the probability of reference signal collision, which is beneficial to improving channel estimation performance, and thus improving demodulation performance.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The data transmission method is described from the perspective of interaction between a network device and a terminal device. The data transmission method includes the following steps:

[0085] S101: A terminal device determines a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook according to a first parameter. Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal, and each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0086] In an optional embodiment, any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the first codebook are different, and / or any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the second codebook are different; any codeword included in the first codebook is different from any codeword included in the second codebook. The codewords in the first codebook and the reference signals may correspond one-to-one, or one reference signal may correspond to multiple codewords in the first codebook. Furthermore, the codewords included in the first codebook and the second codebook, respectively, may be predefined, determined by negotiation between the network device and the terminal device, or notified to the terminal device by the network device via signaling, for example, the signaling may be radio resource control (RRC) signaling.

[0087] For example, the first codebook includes N codewords, and the second codebook includes P codewords, where N and P are both positive integers. In the first codebook, each codeword corresponds to a reference signal one-to-one; in conjunction with FIG6 , there are N different reference signals, and the N reference signals correspond one-to-one to the N codewords included in the first codebook. Alternatively, one reference signal corresponds to multiple codewords in the first codebook; there are reference signals, where is a positive integer, Q is an integer greater than 1, and the value of Q can be predefined; the N code words in the first code book can be divided into Q groups of code words, each group of code words includes Code words, Each reference signal in the reference signals corresponds to a codeword in each group of codewords, that is, Each reference signal in the reference signals corresponds to Q codewords.

[0088] In an optional embodiment, the first codebook and the second codebook each correspond to a modulation scheme. The first data can be determined using the codewords in the first codebook and the modulation scheme corresponding to the first codebook, while the second data can be determined using the codewords in the second codebook and the modulation scheme corresponding to the second codebook. Specifically, the modulation scheme can be used by a terminal device to modulate data to be transmitted to obtain modulation symbols. In this case, the first data is obtained by spreading the modulation symbols obtained based on the modulation scheme corresponding to the first codebook using the codewords in the first codebook; the second data is obtained by spreading the modulation symbols obtained based on the modulation scheme corresponding to the second codebook using the codewords in the second codebook.

[0089] Optionally, the modulation symbols can be Fourier transformed to obtain transformed output data, and the first data can be obtained by extending the transformed output data using code words in the first code book; the second data can be obtained by extending the transformed output data using code words in the second code book.

[0090] Optionally, the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaos modulation. When the network device receives data processed based on differential modulation or chaotic modulation, it is not necessary to use a reference signal to perform channel estimation to obtain a channel response, and can perform corresponding equalization and demodulation operations to obtain the data sent by the terminal device. Therefore, when the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation, the second codebook may not correspond to a reference signal. Then, when the terminal device uses the second codebook as a determined codebook, it is not necessary to send a reference signal, thereby saving reference signal overhead.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, the first parameter includes one or more of the following: packet size, code rate, reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal strength indicator (RSSI), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), modulation and coding scheme (MCS), and synchronization timer count value. The packet size may be a transport block size (TBS).

[0092] Among them, RSRP, RSSI, or RSRQ can be obtained by the terminal device by measuring the downlink reference signal from the network device. For example, based on the value of RSRP, RSSI, or RSRQ, the terminal device can determine the current data transmission environment or the synchronization status of the terminal device and the network device. If the current data transmission environment is relatively poor, the terminal device can use the modulation method corresponding to the second codebook to generate modulation symbols; otherwise, the terminal device can use the modulation method corresponding to the first codebook to generate modulation symbols.

[0093] The synchronization timer can be used to determine the synchronization status of the terminal device and the network device. For example, after the terminal device and the network device complete synchronization using random access, the terminal device can start the synchronization timer to count. When the synchronization timer count value exceeds the set range, it can be considered that the synchronization status between the terminal device and the network device is poor or no longer synchronized. In this case, the terminal device can use the modulation method corresponding to the second codebook to generate modulation symbols; otherwise, the terminal device can use the modulation method corresponding to the first codebook to generate modulation symbols.

[0094] In an optional embodiment, the method may further include: the terminal device determining a first range and a second range; if the first parameter falls within the first range, the determined codebook is the first codebook; if the first parameter falls within the second range, the determined codebook is the second codebook. For example, the first parameter is packet size, code rate, RSRP, RSSI, or RSRQ, the first range is a range greater than a first threshold, and the second range is a range less than or equal to the first threshold; then, if the first parameter is greater than the first threshold, the determined codebook is the first codebook; if the first parameter is less than or equal to the first threshold, the determined codebook is the second codebook. When the first parameters are packet size, code rate, RSRP, RSSI, and RSRQ, the value of the first threshold may vary. For example, when the first parameter is packet size, the first threshold may be 50 bytes. That is, when the packet size is greater than 50 bytes, the determined codebook is the first codebook; when the packet size is less than or equal to 50 bytes, the determined codebook is the second codebook. For example, when the first parameter is the code rate, the first threshold value may be 1 / 3, that is, when the code rate is greater than 1 / 3, the codebook determined by the terminal device is the first codebook; when the code rate is less than or equal to 1 / 3, the codebook determined by the terminal device is the second codebook. For another example, the first parameter is the count value of the synchronization timer, the first range is a range less than or equal to the second threshold value, and the second range is a range greater than the second threshold value; then, if the count value of the synchronization timer is less than or equal to the second threshold value, the codebook determined by the terminal device is the first codebook; if the count value of the synchronization timer is greater than the second threshold value, the codebook determined by the terminal device is the second codebook. In addition, the first threshold value and the second threshold value may be predefined, or may be determined by negotiation between the network device and the terminal device, or may be indicated to the terminal device by the network device through signaling, for example, the signaling may be RRC signaling, without limitation.

[0095] It can be seen that if the first codebook and the second codebook correspond to modulation modes respectively, and the first parameter includes the data packet size and / or code rate, the terminal device can flexibly select the data packet size or code rate based on its own business needs, thereby flexibly selecting a suitable modulation mode to modulate the data to be sent, which is beneficial to improving spectrum efficiency. When the first parameter includes one or more of RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and the count value of the synchronization timer, the terminal device can judge the synchronization status between the terminal device and the network device based on the first parameter. When the synchronization between the terminal device and the network device is poor, such as complete lack of synchronization, if multiple terminal devices all send reference signals, the lack of synchronization of the reference signals sent by different terminal devices will cause greater interference between the reference signals, affecting the performance of channel estimation, and thus affecting the demodulation performance. Therefore, the terminal device can use the second codebook as a determined codebook and use the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook to modulate the data to be sent. In this way, the terminal device can not send a reference signal, which is beneficial to improving the demodulation performance and spectrum efficiency, and also reduces the reference signal overhead.

[0096] In an optional embodiment, the terminal device determines a codebook from the first codebook and the second codebook according to the first parameter, which may include: the first parameter is MCS, the first codebook and the second codebook correspond to modulation modes respectively; the terminal device determines the codebook corresponding to the modulation mode and MCS from the first codebook and the second codebook. For example, the modulation mode corresponding to the first codebook is quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation. If the MCS indicates QAM, the codebook determined by the terminal device is the first codebook; if the MCS indicates differential modulation or chaotic modulation, the codebook determined by the terminal device is the second codebook. Optionally, the MCS can be indicated to the terminal device by the network device, or it can be predefined, or it can be determined by negotiation between the network device and the terminal device, without limitation.

[0097] In another optional implementation, the terminal device may not perform step S101. That is, the terminal device may not determine the codebook based on the first parameter. Instead, the network device may specify a codebook for the terminal device, where the specified codebook is either the first codebook or the second codebook. Specifically, the network device may send second indication information to the terminal device. In response, the terminal device receives the second indication information from the network device and uses the codebook indicated by the second indication information as the determined codebook. The second indication information is used to indicate the codebook to be used by the terminal device to process the data to be transmitted.

[0098] In an optional embodiment, after the terminal device determines a codebook from the first codebook and the second codebook, the data transmission method further includes: the terminal device selecting a codeword from the determined codebook; if the determined codebook is the first codebook, the codeword selected by the terminal device from the first codebook is used to determine the first data; if the determined codebook is the second codebook, the codeword selected by the terminal device from the second codebook is used to determine the second data. Optionally, the terminal device may randomly select a codeword. Alternatively, the codeword selected by the terminal device may also be determined based on third indication information from the network device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the codeword selected by the terminal device. For example, each codeword in the first codebook and the second codebook corresponds to an index, respectively, and the third indication information includes the index of the codeword that the network device instructs the terminal device to select. The terminal device may select the codeword corresponding to the index included in the third indication information.

[0099] Among them, the codeword selected by the terminal device may be one or more. When the terminal device needs to perform extension processing on a modulation symbol, or, performs extension processing on multiple modulation symbols and does not adopt codeword hopping, the number of codewords selected by the terminal device is one, and the terminal device adopts the selected codeword for extension processing for one or more modulation symbols. When the terminal device performs extension processing on multiple modulation symbols and adopts codeword hopping, the number of codewords selected by the terminal device is multiple, and each of the multiple codewords is used to perform extension processing on one modulation symbol in the multiple modulation symbols. When the terminal device performs extension processing on multiple modulation symbols and adopts codeword hopping, the terminal device can also select a codeword, and then determine multiple codewords based on the selected codeword and the preconfigured codeword hopping method, and each of the multiple codewords is used to perform extension processing on one modulation symbol in the multiple modulation symbols. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the way in which the terminal device selects codewords when the terminal device needs to perform extension processing on multiple modulation symbols and adopts codeword hopping. An exemplary codeword determination method is provided below.

[0100] Exemplarily, each codeword in the first codebook and the second codebook corresponds to an index respectively. The terminal device can randomly select a codeword from a determined codebook and use the codeword as the codeword adopted by the terminal device to perform extended processing on the starting modulation symbol among multiple modulation symbols. Then, based on the offset of the index of other modulation symbols compared to the index of the starting modulation symbol, the offset of the index of the codeword adopted for extended processing on the other modulation symbols compared to the index of the codeword adopted for extended processing on the starting modulation symbol is determined, and then the codeword adopted for extended processing on each modulation symbol in the multiple modulation symbols is determined.

[0101] In addition, if the codebook determined by the terminal device from the first codebook and the second codebook is the first codebook, the terminal device may further execute step S102a; if the codebook determined by the terminal device from the first codebook and the second codebook is the second codebook, the terminal device may further execute step S102b.

[0102] S102a: The terminal device sends first data and a first reference signal. The determined codebook is a first codebook, the first data is determined using a codeword in the first codebook, and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. In response, the network device receives the first data and the first reference signal.

[0103] The first reference signal may be used by the network device to determine the codeword used by the terminal device to determine the first data.

[0104] S102b: The terminal device sends second data, the determined codebook is the second codebook, and the second data is determined using codewords in the second codebook. Correspondingly, the network device receives the second data.

[0105] For example, with reference to Figure 6, if a terminal device determines first data using a codeword corresponding to reference signal #1 in the first codebook, the terminal device transmits the first data and reference signal #1. If the terminal device determines second data using a codeword in the second codebook, the terminal device transmits the second data without transmitting a reference signal.

[0106] In addition, for a network device, when multiple terminal devices all use codewords in the first codebook to determine data, the network device will receive multiple first data and multiple first reference signals from the multiple terminal devices. When multiple terminal devices all use codewords in the second codebook to determine data, the network device will receive multiple second data from the multiple terminal devices. When k1 of the k1+k2 terminal devices use codewords in the first codebook to determine data, and the remaining k2 terminal devices use codewords in the second codebook to determine data, the network device will receive k1 first data, k1 first reference signals, and k2 second data, where k1 and k2 are both positive integers.

[0107] In an optional embodiment, the method may further include: the terminal device sending first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate a codebook determined by the terminal device; and the network device correspondingly receiving the first indication information. Since the network device does not know, when receiving data, whether the received data is first data determined by the terminal device using codewords in the first codebook or second data determined using codewords in the second codebook, in this embodiment, the terminal device may inform the network device via the first indication information whether the codebook determined by the terminal device is the first codebook or the second codebook, thereby facilitating the network device to perform despreading processing on the received data based on the codebook indicated by the first indication information.

[0108] In another optional embodiment, the first data and the second data are transmitted on different time-frequency resources. Exemplarily, there are a first time-frequency resource and a second time-frequency resource, and the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource are different. For the terminal device, the first time-frequency resource is used to send the first data and the first reference signal; the second time-frequency resource is used to send the second data; correspondingly, for the network device, the first time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data and the first reference signal; the second time-frequency resource is used to receive the second data. Since the network device does not know when receiving data whether the received data is the first data determined by the terminal device using the codeword in the first codebook, or the second data determined by the codeword in the second codebook, through this embodiment, the network device can determine whether the codebook used for the data sent by the terminal device is the first codebook or the second codebook by judging whether the time-frequency resource used for receiving the data is the first time-frequency resource or the second time-frequency resource, so that the network device can use the codeword in the determined codebook to perform despreading processing on the received data. Specifically, if the network device receives data from the terminal device within the first time-frequency resource, it can determine that the received data is first data determined by the terminal device using a codeword in the first codebook; if the network device receives data from the terminal device within the second time-frequency resource, it can determine that the received data is second data determined by the terminal device using a codeword in the second codebook. Optionally, the method may further include: the terminal device determining the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource. The first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource may be configured by the network device for the terminal device.

[0109] In another optional embodiment, the method may further include: the network device determining the codebook selected by the terminal device through blind detection. Specifically, because the codewords in the first codebook and the second codebook are different, the network device may use the codewords in the first codebook and the second codebook to perform a one-to-one detection when processing received data, and determine the codebook selected by the terminal device based on the codeword used when detecting correct data.

[0110] In addition, if the first codebook and the second codebook correspond to modulation modes respectively, the network device may further perform demodulation processing on the received data based on the modulation mode corresponding to the determined codebook.

[0111] Optionally, the time-frequency resources used by the terminal device to send the first data and the first reference signal may be the same as the time-frequency resources used by the terminal device to send the second data. Exemplarily, there are third and fourth time-frequency resources, and the third and fourth time-frequency resources are different. For the terminal device, the third time-frequency resource is used to send the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to send the first reference signal; or, both the third and fourth time-frequency resources are used to send the second data. For the network device, the third time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to receive the first reference signal; or, both the third and fourth time-frequency resources are used to receive the second data. In a scenario where one terminal device uses a codeword in the first codebook to determine the first data and sends the first data, and another terminal device uses a codeword in the second codebook to determine the second data and sends the second data, the third time-frequency resource is used by the network device to receive the first data and the second data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used by the network device to receive the first reference signal and the second data. The received first data and second data come from different terminal devices. Optionally, the method may further include: the terminal device determining a third time-frequency resource and a fourth time-frequency resource. The third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource may be configured by the network device for the terminal device.

[0112] In addition, the mapping method of the first data in the third time-frequency resource is the same as the mapping method of the second data in the third time-frequency resource, which is beneficial for reducing the interference between the first data and the second data when the network device performs despreading processing and interference elimination when there are both terminal devices sending the first data and other terminal devices sending the second data, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

[0113] For example, taking the codeword length equal to 4 as an example, combined with Figures 7 and 8, Figure 7 shows that when a codebook determined by terminal device #1 is the first codebook, the first data is sent in the third time-frequency resource and the first reference signal is sent in the fourth time-frequency resource; Figure 8 shows that when a codebook determined by terminal device #2 is the second codebook, the second data is sent in the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource. In the first data or the second data, the four values ​​obtained after the codeword with a codeword length of 4 is extended are mapped on the time-frequency resource along the time domain direction. Figures 7 and 8 show 8 symbols from t1 to t2, and the 8 symbols are symbol #0 to symbol #7 in order from front to back in time. Among them, symbol #0, symbol #1, symbol #4, and symbol #5 are the third time-frequency resource; symbol #2, symbol #3, symbol #6, and symbol #7 are the fourth time-frequency resource. In Figure 7, the four rectangular boxes with the same fill pattern on the same subcarrier in Symbols #0, #1, #4, and #5 represent the four values ​​obtained by extending a modulation symbol using a codeword of length 4. These four values ​​are mapped along the time domain, that is, along different symbols. Similarly, in Figure 8, the data transmitted by Terminal Device #2 within the third time-frequency resource is also mapped along the time domain.

[0114] As can be seen from Figures 7 and 8, the first data sent by terminal device #1 and the second data sent by terminal device #2 overlap in the third time-frequency resource. Then, after the network device receives the data sent by the two terminal devices, since the data sent by the two terminal devices are mapped in the same way in the third time-frequency resource, the network device can eliminate the interference between the first data and the second data received in the third time-frequency resource through despreading processing and interference elimination technology. Compared with the method in which the first data sent by terminal device #1 and the second data sent by terminal device #1 are mapped differently in the third time-frequency resource, this can reduce interference between the data and improve demodulation performance.

[0115] In addition, the mapping method of the second data in the fourth time-frequency resource can be predefined, or can be indicated by the network device through signaling, or can be determined by negotiation between the network device and the terminal device, without limitation.

[0116] In one optional implementation, if the network device receives the first reference signal, the network device may despread the received data using the codeword corresponding to the first reference signal. In another optional implementation, the network device may despread the received data using a blind detection method. Specifically, the network device may despread the received data one by one using the codewords in the first codebook and the second codebook until the correct data is obtained.

[0117] In an optional implementation, when the first codebook and the second codebook correspond to modulation modes respectively, the method may further include: the network device demodulating the first data or the second data after despreading using the modulation mode corresponding to the determined codebook.

[0118] In summary, in this data transmission method, a terminal device can determine a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook. Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal, while each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal. The terminal device sends first data and a first reference signal, and the determined codebook is the first codebook; the first data is determined using codewords in the first codebook; and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, the terminal device sends second data, and the determined codebook is the second codebook; and the second data is determined using codewords in the second codebook. The design of the first and second codebooks can increase codeword capacity when the number of reference signals is limited, reduce the probability of different terminal devices using the same codeword to process data, and reduce the probability of reference signal collisions, thereby improving channel estimation performance, and thus demodulation performance and spectral efficiency. Furthermore, if the terminal device determines the second codebook, it does not need to send a reference signal, thereby reducing reference signal overhead.

[0119] To implement the various functions of the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application, the network device or terminal device may include hardware structures and / or software modules, and implement the aforementioned functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules. Whether a particular one of the aforementioned functions is implemented in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0120] As shown in Figure 9, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device 900. The communication device 900 can be a component of a network device (for example, an integrated circuit, a chip, etc.), or a component of a terminal device (for example, an integrated circuit, a chip, etc.). The communication device 900 can also be other communication units for implementing the method in the method embodiment of the present application. The communication device 900 may include a processing unit 901. Optionally, the communication device 900 may further include a communication unit 902, and the processing unit 901 is used to control the communication unit 902 to send and receive data / signaling. Optionally, the communication device 900 may further include a storage unit 903.

[0121] In one possible design, the processing unit 901 is configured to determine a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook according to the first parameter; each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; and each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0122] The communication unit 902 is configured to send first data and a first reference signal, where the determined codebook is the first codebook, the first data is determined using a codeword in the first codebook, and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, the communication unit 902 is configured to send second data, where the determined codebook is the second codebook, and the second data is determined using a codeword in the second codebook.

[0123] In an optional implementation, the second data is determined using codewords in the second codebook and a modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook; the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation.

[0124] In an optional implementation, the processing unit 901 is further configured to determine a first range and a second range. If the first parameter belongs to the first range, the determined codebook is the first codebook; if the first parameter belongs to the second range, the determined codebook is the second codebook.

[0125] In an optional implementation, the first parameter includes one or more of the following: transport block size, code rate, reference signal received power, reference signal strength indicator, reference signal received quality, modulation and coding strategy, and synchronization timer count value.

[0126] In an optional implementation, any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the first codebook are different, and / or any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the second codebook are different; any codeword included in the first codebook is different from any codeword included in the second codebook.

[0127] In an optional implementation, the communication unit 902 is further configured to send first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a determined codebook.

[0128] In an optional implementation, the first time-frequency resource is used to send the first data and the first reference signal; the second time-frequency resource is used to send the second data; and the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource are different.

[0129] In an optional implementation, the third time-frequency resource is used to send the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to send the first reference signal; or, both the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are used to send the second data. The mapping method of the first data in the third time-frequency resource is the same as the mapping method of the second data in the third time-frequency resource; the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are different.

[0130] In another possible design, communication unit 902 is configured to receive first data and a first reference signal; the first data is determined using a codeword in a first codebook; and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, communication unit 902 is configured to receive second data, where the second data is determined using a codeword in a second codebook. Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal, while each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0131] In an optional implementation, the second data is determined using codewords in the second codebook and a modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook; the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation.

[0132] In an optional implementation, the first parameter includes one or more of the following: transport block size, code rate, reference signal received power, reference signal strength indicator, reference signal received quality, modulation and coding strategy, and synchronization timer count value.

[0133] In an optional implementation, any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the first codebook are different, and / or any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the second codebook are different; any codeword included in the first codebook is different from any codeword included in the second codebook.

[0134] In an optional implementation, the communication unit 902 is further configured to receive first indication information, where the first indication information is used to determine a codebook used to process the first data or the second data.

[0135] In an optional implementation, the first time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data and the first reference signal; the second time-frequency resource is used to receive the second data; and the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource are different.

[0136] In an optional embodiment, the third time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to receive the first reference signal; or, the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are used to receive the second data; the mapping method of the first data in the third time-frequency resource is the same as the mapping method of the second data in the third time-frequency resource; the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are different.

[0137] The application embodiment and the data transmission method shown above are based on the same concept, and the technical effects they bring are also the same. For the specific principles, please refer to the description of the embodiment shown above, and no further details will be given.

[0138] The present application also provides a communication device 1000, as shown in Figure 10. The communication device 1000 can be a network device or a terminal device, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device to implement the above method, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal device to implement the above method. The device can be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiment. For details, please refer to the description of the above method embodiment.

[0139] The communication device 1000 may include one or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be used to implement some or all of the functions of the above-mentioned network device or terminal device through logic circuits or running computer programs. The processor 1001 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, etc. For example, it may be a baseband processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor may be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit may be used to control the communication device, execute software programs, and process data of the software programs, wherein the communication device is, for example, a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal, a terminal chip, a distributed unit (DU) or a distributed unit (CU), etc.

[0140] Optionally, the communication device 1000 may include one or more memories 1002, on which instructions 1004 may be stored. The instructions may be executed on the processor 1001, causing the communication device 1000 to perform the method described in the above method embodiment. Optionally, the memory 1002 may also store data. The processor 1001 and the memory 1002 may be provided separately or integrated together.

[0141] The memory 1002 may include, but is not limited to, non-volatile memory such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), random access memory (RAM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), ROM or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), etc.

[0142] Optionally, the communication device 1000 may further include a transceiver 1005 and an antenna 1006. The transceiver 1005 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, etc., and is configured to implement transceiver functions. The transceiver 1005 may include a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver may be referred to as a receiver or a receiving circuit, etc., and is configured to implement a receiving function; the transmitter may be referred to as a transmitter or a transmitting circuit, etc., and is configured to implement a transmitting function.

[0143] In one embodiment, the processor 1001 is configured to determine a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook according to a first parameter; each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; and each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0144] The transceiver 1005 is configured to transmit first data and a first reference signal, wherein the determined codebook is the first codebook, the first data is determined using a codeword in the first codebook, and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, the transceiver 1005 is configured to transmit second data, wherein the determined codebook is the second codebook, and the second data is determined using a codeword in the second codebook.

[0145] In an optional implementation, the second data is determined using codewords in the second codebook and a modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook; the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation.

[0146] In an optional implementation, the processor 1001 is further configured to determine a first range and a second range. If the first parameter belongs to the first range, the determined codebook is the first codebook; if the first parameter belongs to the second range, the determined codebook is the second codebook.

[0147] In an optional implementation, the first parameter includes one or more of the following: transport block size, code rate, reference signal received power, reference signal strength indicator, reference signal received quality, modulation and coding strategy, and synchronization timer count value.

[0148] In an optional implementation, any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the first codebook are different, and / or any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the second codebook are different; any codeword included in the first codebook is different from any codeword included in the second codebook.

[0149] In an optional implementation, the transceiver 1005 is further configured to send first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a determined codebook.

[0150] In an optional implementation, the first time-frequency resource is used to send the first data and the first reference signal; the second time-frequency resource is used to send the second data; and the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource are different.

[0151] In an optional embodiment, the third time-frequency resource is used to send the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to send the first reference signal; or, both the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are used to send the second data; the mapping method of the first data in the third time-frequency resource is the same as the mapping method of the second data in the third time-frequency resource; the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are different.

[0152] In another possible design, transceiver 1005 is configured to receive first data and a first reference signal; the first data is determined using a codeword in a first codebook; and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, transceiver 1005 is configured to receive second data, where the second data is determined using a codeword in a second codebook. Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal, while each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0153] In an optional implementation, the second data is determined using codewords in the second codebook and a modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook; the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation.

[0154] In an optional implementation, the first parameter includes one or more of the following: transport block size, code rate, reference signal received power, reference signal strength indicator, reference signal received quality, modulation and coding strategy, and synchronization timer count value.

[0155] In an optional implementation, any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the first codebook are different, and / or any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the second codebook are different; any codeword included in the first codebook is different from any codeword included in the second codebook.

[0156] In an optional implementation, the transceiver 1005 is further configured to receive first indication information, where the first indication information is used to determine a codebook used to process the first data or the second data.

[0157] In an optional implementation, the first time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data and the first reference signal; the second time-frequency resource is used to receive the second data; and the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource are different.

[0158] In an optional embodiment, the third time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to receive the first reference signal; or, the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are used to receive the second data; the mapping method of the first data in the third time-frequency resource is the same as the mapping method of the second data in the third time-frequency resource; the third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are different.

[0159] In another possible design, processor 1001 may include a transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions. For example, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, an interface, or an interface circuit. The transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit for implementing the receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated. The transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit may be used for reading and writing code / data, or the transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit may be used for transmitting or delivering signals.

[0160] In another possible design, processor 1001 may optionally store instructions 1003. Instructions 1003, when executed on processor 1001, may cause communication device 1000 to perform the method described in the above method embodiment. Instructions 1003 may be fixed in processor 1001. In this case, processor 1001 may be implemented by hardware.

[0161] In another possible design, the communication device 1000 may include a circuit that can implement the functions of sending, receiving, or communicating in the aforementioned method embodiments. The processor and transceiver described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an integrated circuit (IC), an analog IC, a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC), a mixed signal IC, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a printed circuit board (PCB), an electronic device, etc. The processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), N-type metal oxide semiconductor (nMetal-oxide-semiconductor, NMOS), P-type metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (bipolar junction transistor, BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.

[0162] The communication device described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal device, but the scope of the communication device described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device may not be limited to FIG10. The communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be:

[0163] (1) An independent integrated circuit (IC), or chip, or chip system or subsystem;

[0164] (2) A set of one or more ICs, optionally including a storage component for storing data and instructions;

[0165] (3) ASIC, such as a modem;

[0166] (4) Modules that can be embedded in other devices;

[0167] (5) Receivers, terminals, smart terminals, cellular phones, wireless devices, handheld devices, mobile units, vehicle-mounted devices, network devices, cloud devices, artificial intelligence devices, etc.;

[0168] (6)Others, etc.

[0169] In the case where the communication device can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of the chip structure shown in Figure 11. The chip 1100 shown in Figure 11 includes a processor 1101 and an interface 1102. The number of processors 1101 can be one or more, and the number of interfaces 1102 can be multiple. The processor 1101 can be a logic circuit, and the interface 1102 can be an input-output interface, an input interface, or an output interface. The chip 1100 may also include a memory 1103.

[0170] In one embodiment, the processor 1101 is configured to determine a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook according to a first parameter; each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; and each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0171] Interface 1102 is configured to send first data and a first reference signal, where the determined codebook is the first codebook, the first data is determined using a codeword in the first codebook, and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, interface 1102 is configured to send second data, where the determined codebook is the second codebook, and the second data is determined using a codeword in the second codebook.

[0172] In another embodiment, interface 1102 is configured to receive first data and a first reference signal; the first data is determined using a codeword in a first codebook; and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data. Alternatively, interface 1102 is configured to receive second data, where the second data is determined using a codeword in a second codebook. Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal, while each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

[0173] In the embodiments of the present application, the communication device 1000 and the chip 1100 may also execute the implementation method described in the above-mentioned communication device 900. Those skilled in the art may also understand that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps listed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. Whether such functions are implemented by hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design requirements of the entire system. Those skilled in the art may use various methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be understood as exceeding the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.

[0174] The embodiment of the present application and the above-mentioned method for determining resource units are based on the same concept, and the technical effects they bring are also the same. For the specific principles, please refer to the description in the above-mentioned method for determining resource units, and no further details will be given.

[0175] Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps listed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. Whether such functions are implemented by hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design requirements of the entire system. Those skilled in the art may use various methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be construed as exceeding the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.

[0176] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer software instructions, which, when executed by a communication device, implements the functions of any of the above method embodiments.

[0177] The present application also provides a computer program product for storing computer software instructions, which, when executed by a communication device, implements the functions of any of the above method embodiments.

[0178] The present application also provides a computer program that, when executed on a computer, implements the functions of any of the above method embodiments.

[0179] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a high-density digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, an SSD).

[0180] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determining a codebook from a first codebook and a second codebook according to a first parameter; each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; and each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal; sending first data and a first reference signal, where the determined codebook is the first codebook, the first data is determined using a codeword in the first codebook, and the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data; or Second data is sent, where the determined codebook is the second codebook, and the second data is determined using codewords in the second codebook.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The second data is determined by using code words in the second codebook and a modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook; the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The method further comprises: determining a first range and a second range; If the first parameter belongs to the first range, the determined codebook is the first codebook; If the first parameter belongs to the second range, the determined one codebook is the second codebook.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The first parameter includes one or more of the following: transport block size, code rate, reference signal received power, reference signal strength indicator, reference signal received quality, modulation and coding strategy, and synchronization timer count value.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that Any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the first codebook are different, and / or any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the second codebook are different; Any codeword included in the first codebook is different from any codeword included in the second codebook.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The method further comprises: First indication information is sent, where the first indication information is used to indicate the determined codebook.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The first time-frequency resource is used to send the first data and the first reference signal; The second time-frequency resource is used to send the second data; The first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource are different.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The third time-frequency resource is used to send the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to send the first reference signal; or, The third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are both used to send the second data; A mapping manner of the first data within the third time-frequency resource is the same as a mapping manner of the second data within the third time-frequency resource; The third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are different.

9. A data transmission method, characterized in that: The method comprises: receiving first data and a first reference signal; the first data is determined using a codeword in a first codebook; the first reference signal corresponds to the codeword used to determine the first data; or, receiving second data, where the second data is determined using a codeword in a second codebook; Each codeword in the first codebook has a corresponding reference signal; and each codeword in the second codebook does not have a corresponding reference signal.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The second data is determined by using code words in the second codebook and a modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook; the modulation mode corresponding to the second codebook is differential modulation or chaotic modulation.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that The first parameter includes one or more of the following: transport block size, code rate, reference signal received power, reference signal strength indicator, reference signal received quality, modulation and coding strategy, and synchronization timer count value.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that Any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the first codebook are different, and / or any two codewords among the multiple codewords included in the second codebook are different; Any codeword included in the first codebook is different from any codeword included in the second codebook.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that The method further comprises: First indication information is received, where the first indication information is used to determine a codebook used to process the first data or the second data.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that The first time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data and the first reference signal; The second time-frequency resource is used to receive the second data; The first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource are different.

15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that The third time-frequency resource is used to receive the first data, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used to receive the first reference signal; or, The third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are both used to receive the second data; A mapping manner of the first data within the third time-frequency resource is the same as a mapping manner of the second data within the third time-frequency resource; The third time-frequency resource and the fourth time-frequency resource are different.

16. A communication device, characterized in that: The apparatus includes a module or unit for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or a module or unit for implementing the method according to any one of claims 9 to 15.

17. A communication device, characterized in that: The device comprises a processor coupled to a memory, wherein the memory is used to store programs or instructions. When the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the device performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or the device performs the method according to any one of claims 9 to 15.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the method according to any one of claims 9 to 15 is implemented.

19. A computer program product, comprising: Computer program code, when the computer program code is run, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or implements the method according to any one of claims 9 to 15.

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