Skin taking film for skin doubling technology in skin grafting operation

Abstract

The invention provides a skin taking film for a skin doubling technology in a skin grafting operation, which comprises a skin taking film, a film taking grid is arranged on the skin taking film, a glue point is arranged on the film taking grid, the glue point is used for sticking a skin graft, the size of the film taking grid on the skin taking film is the same as that of the skin graft, and the film taking grid on the skin taking film is provided with a plurality of glue points. The glue points on the sheet taking grid are arranged to be spaced glue coating points or continuous glue coating points according to the number of the skin sheets to be taken. Through the design of the glue points on the sheet taking grids, skin sheets can be quickly and firmly taken in a sticking manner, and the operation time in the skin taking process is shortened, so that the efficiency of the whole skin grafting operation is improved, and the operation time is shortened. Glue points on the sheet taking grid are arranged at intervals or continuous glue points according to the number of skin sheets to be taken, and skin taking sheets with different grid densities or glue point distribution can be selected according to different operation requirements, so that the requirements of various complicated operation conditions are met, and the operation is more flexible and diversified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of skin grafting surgery, in particular to a skin-harvesting film used in a skin-double technology in skin grafting surgery. Background Art

[0002] In the field of skin grafting surgery, various skin harvesting techniques and equipment are constantly developing in order to repair patients' damaged skin. As a more advanced skin grafting method, Meek skin grafting technology has achieved certain results in clinical applications. However, the skin harvesting equipment used in Meek skin grafting is expensive, which brings a heavy financial burden to patients. For many patients who need skin grafting surgery, the high medical expenses are already a huge pressure. The expensive price of Meek skin grafting equipment requires patients to bear higher costs during the treatment process, which may cause some patients to be unable to receive effective treatment in time due to economic reasons, delaying their condition.

[0003] There are some shortcomings in other skin-taking tools currently used in skin grafting surgeries. First, the accuracy of skin taking is poor, and it is difficult to ensure the accurate acquisition of skin grafts, which may lead to unsatisfactory surgical results. Secondly, the existing skin-taking methods are inefficient, the operation process is cumbersome, and a lot of surgical time is consumed. Furthermore, the flexibility of the operation is insufficient, and the skin-taking plan cannot be flexibly adjusted according to specific surgical needs, and it is difficult to meet various complex surgical situations. In addition, in the existing skin-taking methods, the skin grafts are unevenly stressed, which can easily cause damage to the skin grafts, affecting the survival rate of the skin grafts and the success rate of the operation. Finally, the material of the skin-taking tool may have problems with biocompatibility and safety, which may bring potential risks to patients and affect the quality of the operation. Therefore, we have made improvements to this and proposed a skin-taking film for double skin technology in skin grafting surgery. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised by the existing background technology. In order to achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a skin grafting film for double skin technology in skin grafting surgery, comprising a skin grafting film, a grafting grid is arranged on the skin grafting film, and glue points are arranged on the grafting grid, and the glue points are used to stick the grafted skin.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the length and width of each film-taking grid on the skin-taking film are 3mm×3mm.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the size of the slice taking grid on the skin taking film is the same as that of the skin graft.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the material of the skin-collecting film is a medical polymer material.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the material of the glue dots is medical adhesive.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the glue points on the skin grafting grid are provided with spaced glue coating points or continuous glue coating points according to the number of skin grafts to be grafted.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the slice taking grid and the skin flap are square.

[0011] A skin harvesting method for a skin harvesting film using a double skin technique in skin grafting surgery comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1. Preparation for skin collection: The selected skin film should be stored in a sterile, dry environment with the temperature controlled at 20-25°C and the relative humidity controlled at 40%-60%;

[0013] Step 2: Skin grafting operation:

[0014] Step 21, the length and width of the film taking grid on the skin film are 3mm×3mm, and the side length error of the grid should not exceed ±0.1mm;

[0015] Step 22, the diameter of the glue dots on the leather film is 1 mm, the height of the glue dots is 0.5 mm, and the spacing between the glue dots is 1.5 mm;

[0016] Step 23, cutting the skin graft into small skin grafts of 3 mm×3 mm;

[0017] Step 24: After the skin grafting film is covered on the skin graft, the pressing force should be controlled at 2N and the pressing time should be 3s to ensure that the glue point can firmly adhere to the skin graft without causing excessive squeezing on the skin graft;

[0018] Step 25, during the skin removal process, the skin removal film is covered on the cut skin slices, ensuring that the slice grid on the skin removal film is completely aligned with the skin slices, and the glue points are set at intervals. After the first slice is taken, the skin removal film is staggered and glued; glue points are applied to the positions that were not glued before, and glue is not applied to the positions that were glued before; the skin removal film with staggered glue is covered again on the remaining skin slices, so that the new glue points are in full contact with the skin slices, until all the skin slices are removed;

[0019] Step 3: After taking the skin graft, place it on the surgical site and press it to make it fully contact with the tissue of the surgical site. The pressing force should be moderate, and the pressing pressure should be controlled between 0.5N-1N, to ensure that the skin graft can be firmly attached to the surgical site, while avoiding excessive squeezing and damage to the skin graft.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 1, the surgical environment should meet the sterile standard, and the number of colonies in the air should not exceed 5 CFU / m 3 ; The required medical equipment and materials should be strictly disinfected before use, and the number of colonies on the surface of the disinfected equipment and materials should not exceed 2 CFU / cm 2 .

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 3, the splicing error between the leather films should not exceed ±0.3 mm.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. Improve the accuracy of skin grafting: The 3mm×3mm grid set on the skin grafting film, and the grid size is the same as the skin graft, can ensure the accurate acquisition of the skin graft and avoid poor surgical results caused by inaccurate skin grafting.

[0024] 2. Improve the efficiency of skin grafting: The glue point design on the grafting grid enables the skin graft to be quickly and firmly attached, reducing the operation time during the skin grafting process, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire skin grafting operation and shortening the operation time.

[0025] 3. Increase surgical flexibility: The glue points on the skin grafting grid are set with interval glue points or continuous glue points according to the number of skin grafts to be taken, and skin grafting films with different grid densities or glue point distributions can be selected according to different surgical needs, meeting the needs of various complex surgical situations and making surgical operations more flexible and diverse.

[0026] 4. Reduce skin graft damage: The material of the glue point is medical adhesive, which is designed to make the skin graft evenly stressed, avoiding damage to the skin graft caused by excessive local force, which helps to improve the survival rate of the skin graft and the success rate of the operation.

[0027] 5. Ensure the quality of surgery: The material of the skin grafting film is medical polymer material, which has good biocompatibility and safety, can reduce the potential risks to patients, provide a strong guarantee for the success of skin grafting surgery, and thus improve the quality of surgery.

[0028] 6. Easy to operate: The design of the skin-taking film allows the operator to perform skin-taking operations more conveniently during skin grafting operations, reducing the difficulty of the operation and improving the operability of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the skin-removing film provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the film-taking grid structure provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of glue point distribution 1 provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of glue point distribution 2 provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of glue point distribution 3 provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents some embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0036] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 A skin-grafting film used for the double skin technique in skin grafting surgery includes a skin-grafting film 1, on which a skin-grafting grid 2 is provided, and on which glue dots 3 are provided, and the glue dots 3 are used to adhere skin grafts. The length and width of each skin-grafting grid 2 provided on the skin-grafting film 1 are 3mm×3mm. The size of the skin-grafting grid 2 on the skin-grafting film 1 is the same as that of the skin graft. The material of the skin-grafting film 1 is a medical polymer material. The material of the glue dots 3 is a medical adhesive. The glue dots 3 on the skin-grafting grid 2 are provided with spaced glue dots 3 or continuous glue dots 3 according to the number of skin grafts to be taken. The skin-grafting grid 2 and the skin graft are square.

[0037] During skin grafting surgery, a skin slice is made on the area of ​​the patient that requires skin grafting and the skin is cut into appropriate sizes.

[0038] Then, according to the number of skin grafts required in the operation and the specific situation, the corresponding skin grafting film 1 is selected. If a large number of smaller skin grafts need to be obtained, the skin grafting film 1 with the glue points 3 on the grafting grid 2 as the spaced glue points 3 can be selected; if a larger area of ​​complete skin graft needs to be obtained, the skin grafting film 1 with the glue points 3 on the grafting grid 2 as the continuous glue points 3 can be selected.

[0039] Next, the selected skin-taking film 1 is covered on the cut skin piece, ensuring that each 3mm×3mm square piece-taking grid 2 on the skin-taking film 1 corresponds to the skin piece, so that the glue dots 3 on the piece-taking grid 2 are in full contact with the skin piece.

[0040] Because the glue point 3 adopts medical adhesive material, the skin piece can be firmly adhered. Under the effect of the glue point 3, the skin piece can be evenly stressed, thereby being stably adhered to the skin-taking film 1.

[0041] Finally, the skin graft film 1 with the skin graft is transferred to the part that needs to be repaired, and the skin grafting operation is performed.

[0042] Embodiment 2: A method for obtaining skin using a skin-taking film in a skin grafting operation using a double skin technique, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1. Preparation for skin collection: The selected skin collection film 1 should be stored in a sterile and dry environment, with the temperature controlled at 20-25°C and the relative humidity controlled at 40%-60%;

[0044] Step 2: Skin grafting operation:

[0045] Step 21, the length and width of the film taking grid 2 on the skin film 1 are 3mm×3mm, and the side length error of the grid should not exceed ±0.1mm;

[0046] Step 22, the diameter of the glue dots 3 on the leather film 1 is 1 mm, the height of the glue dots 3 is 0.5 mm, and the spacing between the glue dots 3 is 1.5 mm;

[0047] Step 23, cutting the skin graft into small skin grafts of 3 mm×3 mm;

[0048] Step 24, after covering the skin grafting film 1 on the skin graft, the pressing force should be controlled at 2N and the pressing time should be 3s to ensure that the glue point 3 can firmly adhere to the skin grafting film without causing excessive squeezing on the skin grafting film;

[0049] Step 25, during the skin removal process, the skin removal film 1 is covered on the cut skin slices, ensuring that the slice grid 2 on the skin removal film 1 is completely aligned with the skin slices, and the glue points 3 are set at intervals. After the first slice is taken, the skin removal film 1 is staggered and glued with glue points 3; glue points 3 are applied to the positions that were not glued before, and glue is not applied to the positions that were glued before; the skin removal film 1 after staggered glue application is covered again on the remaining skin slices, so that the new glue points 3 are in full contact with the skin slices, until all the skin slices are taken off;

[0050] Step 3: After taking the skin graft, place it on the surgical site and press it to make it fully contact with the tissue of the surgical site. The pressing force should be moderate, and the pressing pressure should be controlled between 0.5N-1N, to ensure that the skin graft can be firmly attached to the surgical site, while avoiding excessive squeezing and damage to the skin graft.

[0051] Step 1: The surgical environment should meet the sterile standard, and the number of colonies in the air should not exceed 5 CFU / m 3 ; The required medical equipment and materials should be strictly disinfected before use, and the number of colonies on the surface of the disinfected equipment and materials should not exceed 2 CFU / cm 2 Step 3: The splicing error between the leather films 1 should not exceed ±0.3mm.

[0052] The working principle of a skin harvesting method using a skin harvesting film of the skin double technique in skin grafting surgery is as follows:

[0053] In the preparation stage of skin collection, the skin collection film 1 is stored in a sterile and dry environment, and the temperature and relative humidity are well controlled to ensure the performance and quality of the skin collection film 1. This ensures that the skin collection film 1 can function normally when used, and avoids the influence of environmental factors on its viscosity and sterility.

[0054] In the skin grafting operation, the grafting grid 2 on the grafting film 1 is designed to be 3mm×3mm, and the side length error does not exceed ±0.1mm, which can accurately match the cut 3mm×3mm small skin grafts, thereby improving the accuracy of skin grafting. The glue dots 3 have a diameter of 1mm, a height of 0.5mm, and a spacing of 1.5mm. This design can reduce the amount of adhesive used while ensuring the firmness of the grafted skin graft, and make the force on the skin graft more uniform.

[0055] When the skin-taking film 1 is covered on the skin piece, the pressing force is controlled to be 2N and the pressing time is 3s, so that the glue points 3 can firmly adhere to the skin piece and avoid excessive squeezing of the skin piece, thereby reducing the damage to the skin piece. By setting the glue points 3 at intervals and applying glue in a staggered manner after the first skin piece is taken, the skin-taking film 1 can be fully utilized, the skin-taking efficiency can be improved, and all skin pieces can be ensured to be taken.

[0056] After taking the skin graft, place it at the surgical site and control the force to be between 0.5N-1N when pressing the skin graft so that it can be firmly attached to the surgical site. At the same time, avoid excessive squeezing and damage to the skin graft, and promote the survival and healing of the skin graft.

[0057] In addition, the surgical environment meets the sterile standard, and the number of colonies in the air does not exceed 5 CFU / m 3 Medical devices and materials are strictly disinfected, and the number of colonies on the surface does not exceed 2 CFU / cm 2, and the splicing error between the skin-grafted films 1 shall not exceed ±0.3mm. These requirements are to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the operation, reduce the risk of infection, and improve the success rate of skin grafting surgery.

[0058] Embodiment 3: A skin grafting method for a skin grafting film for double skin technique in skin grafting surgery, wherein the selected skin grafting film 1 should be stored in a sterile, dry environment, the temperature should be controlled at 20-25°C, and the relative humidity should be controlled at 40%-60%; skin grafting operation: the length and width of the grafting grid 2 on the skin grafting film 1 are 3mm×3mm, and the side length error of the grid should not exceed ±0.1mm; the diameter of the glue point 3 on the skin grafting film 1 is 1mm, the height of the glue point 3 is 0.5mm, and the spacing of the glue point 3 is 1.5mm; skin grafting is performed by cutting the whole piece of skin grafting into small skin grafts of 3mm×3mm; after the skin grafting film 1 is covered on the skin graft, the pressing force should be controlled at 2N, and the pressing time is 3s, so as to ensure that the glue point 3 can firmly adhere to the skin graft without causing excessive squeezing of the skin graft;

[0059] During the skin removal process, the skin removal film 1 is covered on the cut leather piece, ensuring that the skin removal grid 2 on the skin removal film 1 is completely aligned with the leather piece, and the glue points 3 are set at intervals. After the first skin removal is completed, the skin removal film 1 is staggered and glued with glue points 3; glue points 3 are applied to the positions where glue was not applied before, and glue is no longer applied to the positions where glue was applied before; the skin removal film 1 after staggered glue application is covered on the remaining leather pieces again, so that the new glue points 3 are in full contact with the skin pieces, until all the skin pieces are removed.

[0060] After taking the skin graft, place it on the surgical site and press it to make it fully contact with the tissue of the surgical site. The pressing force should be moderate, and the pressing pressure should be controlled between 0.5N-1N, to ensure that the skin graft can be firmly attached to the surgical site, while avoiding excessive squeezing and damage to the skin graft.

[0061] The surgical environment should meet the sterile standard, and the number of colonies in the air should not exceed 5 CFU / m 3 ; The required medical equipment and materials should be strictly disinfected before use, and the number of colonies on the surface of the disinfected equipment and materials should not exceed 2 CFU / cm 2 The splicing error between the leather films 1 should not exceed ±0.3mm.

[0062] Experimental example:

[0063] Experimental purpose: To verify the effectiveness and safety of a skin harvesting method using a skin-doubled technique in skin grafting surgery.

[0064] Experimental Materials:

[0065] 1. The skin-collecting film 1 that meets the requirements is stored in a sterile, dry environment at a temperature of 22° C. and a relative humidity of 50%.

[0066] 2. For medical devices and materials that have been strictly disinfected, the number of colonies on the surface of the disinfected devices and materials is 1 CFU / cm 2 .

[0067] 3. Skin tissue to be grafted.

[0068] Experimental steps:

[0069] 1. According to the requirements of skin collection preparation, check the storage environment of the skin collection film 1 to ensure that the temperature is within the range of 20-25°C and the relative humidity is between 40% and 60%.

[0070] 2. Perform skin grafting operation:

[0071] Confirm that the length and width of the film-taking grid 2 on the skin-taking film 1 are 3 mm×3 mm, and the side length error of the grid is within ±0.1 mm.

[0072] Check that the diameter of the glue dots 3 on the peeling film 1 is 1 mm, the height of the glue dots 3 is 0.5 mm, and the spacing between the glue dots 3 is 1.5 mm.

[0073] The whole piece of skin graft was cut into small pieces of 3 mm × 3 mm.

[0074] Cover the skin graft with the skin-taking film 1, and control the pressing force to 2N for 3s.

[0075] According to the method of setting the interval of glue points 3, after the first piece is taken out, the skin-taking film 1 is staggered and coated with glue points 3, and then covered on the remaining skin pieces again until all the skin pieces are taken out.

[0076] 3. After taking the skin graft, place it on the surgical site and press it so that it is in full contact with the tissue of the surgical site. The pressing pressure should be controlled between 0.5N-1N.

[0077] Experimental evaluation indicators:

[0078] 1. Accuracy of skin harvesting: Check whether the skin grafts removed meet the specification requirements of 3mm×3mm, and calculate the proportion of skin grafts that meet the specifications to the total number of skin grafts.

[0079] 2. Firmness of the adhesion of the leather piece: Gently pull the leather piece after adhesion to observe whether the leather piece is easy to fall off, and count the proportion of leather pieces that are firmly adhered.

[0080] 3. Damage to the skin graft: Observe the cell structure of the skin graft under a microscope to assess whether the skin graft has been overly squeezed and damaged during the skin grafting process.

[0081] 4. Healing of the surgical site: Within a period of time after the operation, observe the growth of the skin graft at the surgical site, including the survival of the skin graft and whether there are complications such as infection.

[0082] Experimental results:

[0083] 1. Accuracy of skin harvesting: After measurement and statistics, more than 95% of the skin grafts meet the specification requirements of 3mm×3mm, indicating that the design of the skin harvesting grid 2 of the skin harvesting film 1 can effectively ensure the accuracy of skin harvesting.

[0084] 2. Adhesion and fastness of the leather piece: In the pulling test, more than 90% of the leather pieces can be firmly adhered to the skin-taking film 1, indicating that the pressing force and time as well as the design of the glue point 3 can ensure the adhesion and fastness of the leather piece.

[0085] 3. Damage to the skin grafts: Microscopic observations showed that the cell structures of most skin grafts were intact, with only a few showing slight damage, indicating that this skin grafting method caused little damage to the skin grafts.

[0086] 4. Healing of the surgical site: In post-operative observations, it was found that the skin grafts at most surgical sites grew well, had a high survival rate, and had no obvious complications such as infection, indicating that this skin harvesting method helps improve the effectiveness and safety of the surgery.

[0087] Conclusion: This experiment verified that this skin grafting method for skin grafting surgery has high effectiveness and safety. This method can accurately obtain skin grafts, ensure the firmness of skin grafts, reduce skin graft damage, and promote healing of surgical sites. However, some shortcomings were also found in the experiment, such as a small number of skin grafts still have slight damage, which needs to be further improved and perfected in subsequent research.

[0088] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. Therefore, any modification or equivalent replacement of the present invention; and all technical solutions and improvements thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A skin-taking film for use in skin-double technology in skin grafting surgery, comprising a skin-taking film (1), characterized in that: The skin-taking film (1) is provided with a skin-taking grid (2), and the skin-taking grid (2) is provided with glue dots (3), and the glue dots (3) are used for adhering the skin-taking film.

2. The skin-harvesting film for skin grafting surgery using double skin technique according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length and width of each film-taking grid (2) arranged on the skin-taking film (1) are 3 mm×3 mm.

3. The skin-harvesting film for skin grafting surgery using double skin technique according to claim 2, characterized in that: The size of the slice taking grid (2) on the skin taking film (1) is the same as that of the skin slice.

4. The skin-harvesting film for skin grafting surgery using double skin technique according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material of the skin-removing film (1) is a medical polymer material.

5. The skin-harvesting film for skin grafting surgery using double skin technique according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material of the glue dots (3) is medical adhesive.

6. The skin-harvesting film for skin grafting surgery using double skin technique according to claim 5, characterized in that: The glue points (3) on the skin grafting grid (2) are provided with spaced glue points (3) or continuous glue points (3) according to the number of skin grafts to be grafted.

7. The skin-harvesting film for skin grafting surgery using double skin technique according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slice taking grid (2) and the skin slice are in a square shape.

8. A method for obtaining skin using a skin-taking film in skin grafting surgery using a double skin technique, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1. Preparation for skin collection: The selected skin collection film (1) should be stored in a sterile, dry environment with a temperature controlled at 20-25°C and a relative humidity controlled at 40%-60%; Step 2: Skin grafting operation: Step 21, the length and width of the film grid (2) on the skin film (1) are 3mm×3mm, and the error of the side length of the grid should not exceed ±0.1mm; Step 22, the diameter of the glue dots (3) on the leather film (1) is 1 mm, the height of the glue dots (3) is 0.5 mm, and the spacing between the glue dots (3) is 1.5 mm; Step 23, cutting the skin graft into small skin grafts of 3 mm×3 mm; Step 24, after covering the skin grafting film (1) on the skin graft, the pressing force should be controlled at 2N and the pressing time should be 3s, so that the glue point (3) firmly adheres to the skin grafting film; Step 25, during the skin removal process, the skin removal film (1) is covered on the cut skin slices, ensuring that the slice grid (2) on the skin removal film (1) is completely aligned with the skin slices, and the glue points (3) are set at intervals. After the first slice is removed, the skin removal film (1) is staggered with glue points (3); glue points (3) are applied to the positions that were not previously glued, and glue is no longer applied to the positions that were previously glued; the skin removal film (1) that has been staggered with glue is again covered on the remaining skin slices, so that the new glue points (3) are in full contact with the skin slices, until all the skin slices are removed; Step 3: After taking the skin graft, place it on the surgical site and press it so that it is in full contact with the tissue of the surgical site. The pressing force should be moderate and the pressing pressure should be controlled between 0.5N-1N.

9. The method for obtaining skin using a skin-taking film for skin grafting surgery using double skin technique according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 1, the surgical environment should meet the sterile standard, and the number of colonies in the air should not exceed 5 CFU / m 3 ; The required medical equipment and materials should be strictly disinfected before use, and the number of colonies on the surface of the disinfected equipment and materials should not exceed 2 CFU / cm 2 .

10. The skin harvesting method of claim 9, wherein the skin harvesting film is used for double skin technique in skin grafting surgery, Step 3: The splicing error between the leather films (1) should not exceed ±0.3 mm.

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