Gearbox oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gearbox oil preparation, and particularly relates to gearbox oil and a preparation method thereof. The gearbox oil is prepared from the following raw materials: O, O '-diisoamyl dithiophosphate sodium salt, isooctyl acidic phosphate octadecylamine, 4, 4'-methylene bis (2, 2, 6-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanedione)-1, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanedione, 2, 4, 6-trimethyl-1, 3- The lubricating oil is prepared from 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyl dithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate, methylbenzotriazole, a 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, a hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer, boronized polyisobutylene succinimide and the balance of base oil. The base oil is prepared from dipentaerythritol ester, poly-alpha-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butyl naphthalene and dodecylphenol. According to the gearbox oil disclosed by the invention, the raw materials have a synergistic effect, so that the prepared gearbox oil has very good oxidation stability, corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of gearbox oil preparation, and specifically relates to a gearbox oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Transmission oil is an oil product that keeps the gear system clean. It can ensure the normal operation of the transmission and extend the life of the transmission. With the continuous advancement of automobile technology and the diversified development of transmission structure, higher requirements are put forward for the performance and compatibility of transmission oil, requiring oil products to have good performance to meet the requirements of different models and transmissions. Automobile transmission oil can form a lubricating protective film between the contact surfaces, protect the equipment by improving lubrication performance, reducing friction and wear, maintain the normal operation of the transmission and extend its service life.

[0003] However, with people's increasingly higher requirements for the driving performance of fuel vehicles and the continuous advancement of vehicle transmission technology, users have put forward higher requirements for the performance of transmission gear oil. From the perspective of use, everyone hopes that the transmission oil they use has better lubrication effect and longer replacement interval. Moreover, under harsh working conditions, the transmission oil will gradually age and decay due to oxidation and other reasons, and manifest as thickening and blackening, carbon deposits, sludge, etc., which will also lead to increased fuel consumption, reduced power, poor gear shifting, accelerated wear of machine parts, earlier failure time or increased failure rate.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new type of transmission oil with excellent performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transmission oil having good oxidation stability, corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and the present invention also provides a preparation method thereof.

[0006] The gearbox oil of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials, measured by mass percentage: 3.5-4.5% of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt, 1.8-2.8% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 0.9-1.1% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.5-0.7% of dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.37-0.48% of triethanolamine borate, 0.13-0.15% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.02-0.03% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.25-0.27% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.4-1.6% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, and the base oil is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

[0007] in: The base oil has the following raw material composition, calculated by mass percentage: 30-32% dipentaerythritol ester, 51-53% poly-α-olefin, 12-14% palm oil, 2.5-2.7% 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and 1.3-1.5% dodecylphenol.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission oil described in the present invention is composed of the following raw materials, measured in mass percentage: 4.0% of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt, 2.3% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 1.0% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.6% of dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.42% of triethanolamine borate, 0.14% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.025% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.26% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.5% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, and the base oil is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

[0009] The method for preparing the transmission oil of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) heating the base oil to 35-40° C., then adding O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt and isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine and mixing them to prepare a first mixture; (2) heating the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 55-60° C., then adding the hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer and mixing, to prepare a second mixture; (3) The second mixture prepared in step (2) is cooled to 40-50° C., and then 4,4′-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyl dithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate, methylbenzotriazole, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer and boronated polyisobutylene succinimide are added and mixed evenly to prepare a transmission oil.

[0010] in: The mixing time in step (1) is 30-35 minutes.

[0011] The mixing time in step (2) is 25-28 minutes.

[0012] The mixing time in step (3) is 53-57 minutes.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The gearbox oil of the present invention has a synergistic effect between the raw materials, so that the prepared gearbox oil has good oxidation stability, corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Among them, the isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine and O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt are compounded and used, so that the prepared gearbox oil has certain wear resistance. The isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine is combined with the metal surface by chemical adsorption to form a stable adsorption layer. The adsorption layer has high hardness and stability, and can effectively prevent direct contact between metals, thereby reducing friction and wear. The addition of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt can significantly reduce the friction coefficient between the friction pairs, reduce energy loss, and improve transmission efficiency. Therefore, the isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine and O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt are used in combination to form an adsorption layer and reduce the friction coefficient between the friction pairs, so that the prepared gearbox oil has certain wear resistance. The compound use of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) and dialkyl dithiocarbamate makes the prepared gearbox oil have good antioxidant properties. The molecule of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) contains multiple tert-butyl groups and a stable bisphenol structure. The compound exhibits excellent antioxidant and thermal stability at high temperatures. Its addition can effectively reduce the formation of sludge and sediments and significantly prolong the oxidation induction period of the gearbox oil. Dialkyl dithiocarbamate delays the aging time of the gearbox oil by capturing free radicals and inhibiting the oxidation chain reaction. The compound use of triethanolamine borate and methylbenzotriazole makes the prepared gearbox oil have good rust resistance. The hydrolysis stability of triethanolamine borate is significantly improved by forming an N→B coordination bond in the molecule, and it can maintain a long-term anti-rust effect in a humid environment. The polar groups in the methylbenzotriazole molecule can be adsorbed on the oil-metal interface by Coulomb force or chemical bond to form a dense protective film, which effectively prevents corrosion and rust of metal parts such as gears and bearings. 2-Butyl acrylate homopolymer has good anti-foaming properties and is not easy to precipitate in the gearbox oil. Hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer has a special hydrogenated structure. Its addition enables it to maintain sufficient oil film thickness at high temperatures to provide protection, while maintaining the low-temperature fluidity of the gearbox oil at low temperatures. Boronated polyisobutylene succinimide is added as a dispersant, which can disperse impurities and sediments on the metal surface into the oil to prevent it from causing further damage to the metal surface.

[0014] (2) The transmission oil of the present invention uses a mixture of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol as the base oil, wherein the chemical properties of poly-α-olefin are stable. Using poly-α-olefin as the main component of the base oil can extend the oil change cycle of the transmission oil. Dipentaerythritol ester has good high temperature resistance and can maintain a stable lubrication effect under high temperature environment, which is beneficial for the lubrication and protection of the transmission under high load and long-term operation. Palm oil has certain extreme pressure and anti-wear properties, and can effectively protect gears and other parts under high temperature and high pressure environment of the transmission and extend their service life. In addition, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol are added, wherein the addition of 1-n-butylnaphthalene can improve the low temperature fluidity of the base oil, so that the transmission oil can quickly flow to various lubrication parts when starting at low temperature, reducing wear during cold start. Dodecylphenol has good solubility and surface activity, which can help remove impurities such as sludge and carbon deposits inside the transmission, keep the inside of the transmission clean, and reduce problems such as oil circuit blockage and oil pump wear caused by impurities.

[0015] (3) The method for preparing the transmission oil of the present invention has a simple process and easy-to-control parameters. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0017] Example 1 The gearbox oil described in Example 1 is composed of the following raw materials, measured in percentage by mass: 4.0% of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt, 2.3% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 1.0% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.6% of dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.42% of triethanolamine borate, 0.14% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.025% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.26% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.5% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, and the base oil is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

[0018] in: The base oil has the following raw material composition, calculated by mass percentage: 31% dipentaerythritol ester, 53% poly-α-olefin, 12% palm oil, 2.6% 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and 1.4% dodecylphenol.

[0019] The method for preparing the transmission oil described in this embodiment 1 comprises the following steps: (1) heating the base oil to 37° C., then adding O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt and isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine and mixing them to prepare a first mixture; (2) heating the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 57° C., and then adding the hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer and mixing them to prepare a second mixture; (3) The second mixture prepared in step (2) is cooled to 45° C., and then 4,4′-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyl dithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate, methylbenzotriazole, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer and boronated polyisobutylene succinimide are added and mixed evenly to prepare a transmission oil.

[0020] in: The mixing time in step (1) is 37 minutes.

[0021] The mixing time in step (2) is 27 minutes.

[0022] The mixing time in step (3) is 55 min.

[0023] Example 2 The transmission oil described in Example 2 is composed of the following raw materials, measured in percentage by mass: 3.5% of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt, 2.8% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 1.1% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.5% of dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.37% of triethanolamine borate, 0.15% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.03% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.27% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.4% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, which is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

[0024] in: The base oil has the following raw material composition, calculated by mass percentage: 30% dipentaerythritol ester, 52% poly-α-olefin, 14% palm oil, 2.5% 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and 1.5% dodecylphenol.

[0025] The method for preparing the transmission oil described in this embodiment 2 comprises the following steps: (1) heating the base oil to 35° C., then adding O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt and isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine and mixing them to prepare a first mixture; (2) heating the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 55° C., and then adding the hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer and mixing them to prepare a second mixture; (3) The second mixture prepared in step (2) is cooled to 50° C., and then 4,4′-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyl dithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate, methylbenzotriazole, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer and boronated polyisobutylene succinimide are added and mixed evenly to prepare a transmission oil.

[0026] in: The mixing time in step (1) is 35 min.

[0027] The mixing time in step (2) is 28 minutes.

[0028] The mixing time in step (3) is 57 minutes.

[0029] Example 3 The transmission oil described in Example 3 is composed of the following raw materials, measured in percentage by mass: 4.5% of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt, 1.8% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 0.9% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.7% of dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.48% of triethanolamine borate, 0.13% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.02% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.25% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.6% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, and the base oil is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

[0030] in: The base oil has the following raw material composition, calculated by mass percentage: 32% dipentaerythritol ester, 51% poly-α-olefin, 13% palm oil, 2.7% 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and 1.3% dodecylphenol.

[0031] The method for preparing the transmission oil described in this embodiment 3 comprises the following steps: (1) heating the base oil to 40° C., then adding O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt and isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine and mixing them to prepare a first mixture; (2) heating the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 60° C., and then adding the hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer and mixing them to prepare a second mixture; (3) The second mixture prepared in step (2) is cooled to 40° C., and then 4,4′-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyl dithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate, methylbenzotriazole, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer and boronated polyisobutylene succinimide are added and mixed evenly to prepare a transmission oil.

[0032] in: The mixing time in step (1) is 30 min.

[0033] The mixing time in step (2) is 25 min.

[0034] The mixing time in step (3) is 53 minutes.

[0035] Comparative Example 1 The preparation method of the gearbox oil described in this comparative example 1 is the same as that of Example 1, and the only difference is that the raw material composition is different. The gearbox oil described in this comparative example 1 is composed of the following raw materials, measured by mass percentage: 1.0% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.6% of dialkyldithiocarbamate, 0.42% of triethanolamine borate, 0.14% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.025% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.26% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.5% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, and the base oil is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

[0036] in: The base oil has the following raw material composition, calculated by mass percentage: 31% dipentaerythritol ester, 53% poly-α-olefin, 12% palm oil, 2.6% 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and 1.4% dodecylphenol.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 The preparation method of the gearbox oil described in this comparative example 2 is the same as that of Example 1, and the only difference is that the raw material composition is different. The gearbox oil described in this comparative example 2 is composed of the following raw materials in terms of mass percentage: 4.0% of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt, 2.3% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 0.42% of boric acid triethanolamine ester, 0.14% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.025% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.26% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.5% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, which is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

[0038] in: The base oil has the following raw material composition, calculated by mass percentage: 31% dipentaerythritol ester, 53% poly-α-olefin, 12% palm oil, 2.6% 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and 1.4% dodecylphenol.

[0039] Comparative Example 3 The preparation method of the gearbox oil described in this comparative example 3 is the same as that of Example 1, and the only difference is that the raw material composition is different. The gearbox oil described in this comparative example 3 is composed of the following raw materials in terms of mass percentage: 4.0% of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt, 2.3% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 1.0% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.6% of dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.025% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.26% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.5% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, which is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

[0040] in: The base oil has the following raw material composition, calculated by mass percentage: 31% dipentaerythritol ester, 53% poly-α-olefin, 12% palm oil, 2.6% 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and 1.4% dodecylphenol.

[0041] Comparative Example 4 The preparation method of the gearbox oil described in this comparative example 4 is the same as that of Example 1, and the only difference is that the raw material composition is different. The gearbox oil described in this comparative example 4 is composed of the following raw materials in terms of mass percentage: 4.0% of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt, 2.3% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 1.0% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.6% of dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.42% of triethanolamine borate, 0.14% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.025% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.26% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.5% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, which is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

[0042] in: The base oil has the following raw material composition, calculated by mass percentage: 33% dipentaerythritol ester, 55% poly-α-olefin, and 12% palm oil.

[0043] The gearbox oils prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to performance tests, wherein the kinematic viscosity test was based on GB / T 265-1988; the flash point test was based on GB / T 3536-2008; the 100°C kinematic viscosity growth rate was measured according to the DKA oxidation test (CEC-L-48-A-00) to determine the oxidation stability of the gearbox oil, and the smaller the viscosity change rate, the better the oxidation stability of the gearbox oil; according to GB / T 5096-2017 Petroleum Product Copper Sheet Corrosion Test Method, the copper corrosion level of the sample was determined, which was divided into levels 1-4, and the higher the level, the worse the copper corrosion performance; the wear spot diameter was measured using the four-ball test method; the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1 Transmission oil performance test results

Claims

1. A transmission oil, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 3.5-4.5% of sodium salt of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate, 1.8-2.8% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 0.9-1.1% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.5-0.7% of dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.37-0.48% of triethanolamine borate, 0.13-0.15% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.02-0.03% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.25-0.27% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.4-1.6% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, wherein the base oil is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

2. The transmission oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base oil has the following raw material composition, calculated by mass percentage: 30-32% dipentaerythritol ester, 51-53% poly-α-olefin, 12-14% palm oil, 2.5-2.7% 1-n-butylnaphthalene, and 1.3-1.5% dodecylphenol.

3. The transmission oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 4.0% of sodium salt of O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate, 2.3% of isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine, 1.0% of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.6% of dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 0.42% of triethanolamine borate, 0.14% of methylbenzotriazole, 0.025% of 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer, 0.26% of hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer, 1.5% of boronated polyisobutylene succinimide, and the balance is base oil, which is composed of dipentaerythritol ester, poly-α-olefin, palm oil, 1-n-butylnaphthalene and dodecylphenol.

4. A method for preparing the transmission oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: It consists of the following steps: (1) heating the base oil to 35-40° C., then adding O,O'-diisopentyl dithiophosphate sodium salt and isooctyl acid phosphate octadecylamine and mixing them to prepare a first mixture; (2) heating the first mixture prepared in step (1) to 55-60° C., then adding the hydrogenated styrene diene copolymer and mixing, to prepare a second mixture; (3) The second mixture prepared in step (2) is cooled to 40-50° C., and then 4,4′-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), dialkyl dithiocarbamate, triethanolamine borate, methylbenzotriazole, 2-butyl acrylate homopolymer and boronated polyisobutylene succinimide are added and mixed evenly to prepare a transmission oil.

5. The method for preparing a transmission oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing time in step (1) is 30-35 minutes.

6. The method for preparing a transmission oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing time in step (2) is 25-28 minutes.

7. The method for preparing a transmission oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing time in step (3) is 53-57 minutes.

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