Communication method and device of passive internet of things

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a communication method and device of a passive internet of things, relates to the passive internet of things, and is used for supporting normal communication between access network equipment and different types of terminal equipment. The method comprises the following steps: an access network device sends a first message to a terminal device in the passive Internet of Things; receiving a second message sent by the terminal device after the first message is received; wherein the second message is used for responding to the first message; the terminal device comprises a first type of terminal device or a second type of terminal device, and the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is different from the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of passive communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device for a passive Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] Passive Internet of Things (Passive IoT) is a cellular IoT communication technology that supports battery-free terminals. It is aimed at the next-level IoT market, which is more sensitive to terminal cost and power consumption than NB-IoT. There are usually many different types of terminal devices in the passive IoT, such as active tag devices, passive tag devices, etc. Different types of terminal devices have differences in hardware and / or software. Therefore, how access network devices can communicate normally with different types of terminal devices has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and apparatus for a passive Internet of Things, which are used to support normal communication between an access network device and various types of terminal devices in the passive Internet of Things.

[0004] In a first aspect, a communication method for a passive Internet of Things is provided, the method comprising: sending a first message to a terminal device in the passive Internet of Things; receiving a second message sent by the terminal device after a first time after receiving the first message; wherein the second message is used to respond to the first message; the terminal device comprises a first type of terminal device or a second type of terminal device, and the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is different from the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

[0005] In the embodiment of the present application, the access network device can take into account the message processing capabilities of different types of terminals, and support different types of terminal devices to reply to the second message after different first times after receiving the first message, rather than requiring different types of terminal devices to reply to the second message after the same first time after receiving the first message, thereby achieving the purpose of ensuring normal communication between the access network device and different types of terminal devices.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device. Based on the above implementation, the processing pressure on the first type of terminal device can be reduced, and the communication efficiency between the second type of terminal and the access network device can be guaranteed.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is a millisecond level time, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a microsecond level time. Based on the above implementation, the processing pressure on the first type of terminal device can be avoided, and the communication efficiency between the second type of terminal and the access network device can be guaranteed.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving a third message sent by the terminal device; sending a fourth message to the terminal device after a second time after receiving the third message; wherein the fourth message is used to respond to the third message; and in the case where the terminal device is a second-type terminal device, the second time corresponding to the second-type terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device. Based on the above implementation, by not requiring the second time corresponding to the second-type terminal device to be the same as the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device, additional processing pressure can be avoided on traditional access network devices used for passive Internet of Things, which is conducive to the adaptation of access network devices to passive Internet of Things.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a millisecond level time, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a microsecond level time. Based on the above implementation, on the one hand, it is conducive to the adaptation of the access network device to the passive Internet of Things; on the other hand, it ensures the communication efficiency between the access network device and the second type of terminal device.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: sending a fifth message to the terminal device; sending a sixth message to the terminal device after a third time after sending the fifth message; wherein the fifth message and the sixth message are two consecutive messages; and when the terminal device is a second-type terminal device, the third time corresponding to the second-type terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device. Based on the above implementation, by not requiring the third time corresponding to the second-type terminal device to be the same as the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device, additional processing pressure may not be imposed on traditional access network devices used for the passive Internet of Things, which is beneficial to the adaptation of the access network devices to the passive Internet of Things.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a millisecond level time, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a microsecond level time. Based on the above implementation, on the one hand, it is conducive to the adaptation of the access network device to the passive Internet of Things; on the other hand, it ensures the communication efficiency between the access network device and the second type of terminal device.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first type of terminal device is an active tag device, and the second type of terminal device is a passive tag device.

[0013] In a possible implementation, when the terminal device is an active tag device, the first message includes indication information for indicating the first time corresponding to the active tag device. Based on the above implementation, a method for an active tag device to determine the first time is provided, which is conducive to ensuring normal communication between the active tag device and the access network device.

[0014] In a possible implementation, when the terminal device is an active tag device, the method further includes: receiving capability information sent by the active tag device, where the capability information is used to indicate the message processing time of the active tag device. Based on the above implementation, the active tag device can enable the access network device to learn the message processing time of the active tag device by reporting the capability information, which is beneficial for the access network device to configure a reasonable first time for the active tag device based on the message processing time of the active tag device.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the message processing time includes the processing time of the received message and / or the generation time of the message to be sent. Based on the above implementation, the access network device can fully consider the processing time of the received message and / or the generation time of the message to be sent by the active tag device during the process of configuring the first time for the active tag device, so that the configuration of the first time is reasonable.

[0016] In a second aspect, a communication method for a passive Internet of Things is provided, which is applied to a terminal device in the passive Internet of Things, the method comprising: receiving a first message sent by an access network device; sending a second message to the access network device after a first time after receiving the first message; wherein the second message is used to respond to the first message; the terminal device comprises a first type of terminal device or a second type of terminal device, and the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is different from the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, the access network device can take into account the message processing capabilities of different types of terminals, and support different types of terminal devices to reply to the second message after different first times after receiving the first message, rather than requiring different types of terminal devices to reply to the second message after the same first time after receiving the first message, thereby achieving the purpose of ensuring normal communication between the access network device and different types of terminal devices.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device. Based on the above implementation, the processing pressure on the first type of terminal device can be reduced, and the communication efficiency between the second type of terminal and the access network device can be guaranteed.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is a millisecond level time, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a microsecond level time. Based on the above implementation, the processing pressure on the first type of terminal device can be avoided, and the communication efficiency between the second type of terminal and the access network device can be guaranteed.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: sending a third message to the access network device; receiving a fourth message sent by the access network device after receiving the third message after a second time; wherein the fourth message is used to respond to the third message; and when the terminal device is a second-type terminal device, the second time corresponding to the second-type terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device. Based on the above implementation, by not requiring the second time corresponding to the second-type terminal device to be the same as the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device, additional processing pressure can be avoided on traditional access network devices used for passive Internet of Things, which is conducive to the adaptation of access network devices to passive Internet of Things.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a millisecond level time, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a microsecond level time. Based on the above implementation, on the one hand, it is conducive to the adaptation of the access network device to the passive Internet of Things; on the other hand, it ensures the communication efficiency between the access network device and the second type of terminal device.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving a fifth message sent by the access network device; receiving a sixth message sent by the access network device after a third time after sending the fifth message; wherein the fifth message and the sixth message are two consecutive messages; and when the terminal device is a second-type terminal device, the third time corresponding to the second-type terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device. Based on the above implementation, by not requiring the third time corresponding to the second-type terminal device to be the same as the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device, additional processing pressure may not be imposed on traditional access network devices used for passive Internet of Things, which is beneficial to the adaptation of access network devices to passive Internet of Things.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a millisecond level time, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a microsecond level time. Based on the above implementation, on the one hand, it is conducive to the adaptation of the access network device to the passive Internet of Things; on the other hand, it ensures the communication efficiency between the access network device and the second type of terminal device.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the first type of terminal device is an active tag device, and the second type of terminal device is a passive tag device.

[0025] In a possible implementation, when the terminal device is an active tag device, the first message includes indication information for indicating the first time corresponding to the active tag device. Based on the above implementation, a method for an active tag device to determine the first time is provided, which is conducive to ensuring normal communication between the active tag device and the access network device.

[0026] In a possible implementation, when the terminal device is an active tag device, the method further includes: receiving capability information sent by the active tag device, where the capability information is used to indicate the message processing time of the active tag device. Based on the above implementation, the active tag device can enable the access network device to learn the message processing time of the active tag device by reporting the capability information, which is beneficial for the access network device to configure a reasonable first time for the active tag device based on the message processing time of the active tag device.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the message processing time includes the processing time of the received message and / or the generation time of the message to be sent. Based on the above implementation, the access network device can fully consider the processing time of the received message and / or the generation time of the message to be sent by the active tag device during the process of configuring the first time for the active tag device, so that the configuration of the first time is reasonable.

[0028] In a third aspect, a communication device of a passive Internet of Things is provided, which is used to implement the above method. The communication device of the passive Internet of Things can be the access network device in the above first aspect, or a device including the above access network device, or a module in the access network device in the above first aspect, such as a chip, a chip system or a circuit; or, the communication device of the passive Internet of Things can be the terminal device of the passive Internet of Things in the above second aspect, or a device including the terminal device of the passive Internet of Things, or a module in the terminal device of the passive Internet of Things in the above second aspect, such as a chip, a chip system or a circuit.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the communication device of the passive Internet of Things may include a processing module. The processing module, which may also be referred to as a processing unit, may be used to implement the processing functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof. The processing module may be, for example, a processor.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the communication device of the passive Internet of Things may further include an interface module. The interface module, which may also be referred to as an interface unit, is used to implement the sending and / or receiving functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof. The interface module may be composed of an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the interface module includes a sending module and a receiving module, which are respectively used to implement the sending and receiving functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, a communication device for a passive Internet of Things is provided, comprising: a processor; the processor is used to couple with a memory, and after reading the instructions in the memory, execute the method as described in any of the above aspects according to the instructions. The communication device for the passive Internet of Things can be the access network device in the above first aspect, or a device including the above access network device, or a module in the access network device in the above first aspect, such as a chip, a chip system or a circuit; or, the communication device for the passive Internet of Things can be the terminal device of the passive Internet of Things in the above second aspect, or a device including the terminal device of the passive Internet of Things, or a module in the terminal device of the passive Internet of Things in the above second aspect, such as a chip, a chip system or a circuit.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the communication device of the passive Internet of Things is a chip or a chip system. Optionally, when the communication device of the passive Internet of Things is a chip system, it can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0034] In a fifth aspect, a communication device for a passive Internet of Things is provided, comprising: a processor and an interface circuit; the interface circuit is used to receive a computer program or instruction and transmit it to the processor; the processor is used to execute the computer program or instruction so that the communication device for the passive Internet of Things performs the method described in any of the above aspects. The communication device for the passive Internet of Things may be the access network device in the above first aspect, or a device including the above access network device, or a module in the access network device in the above first aspect, such as a chip, a chip system or a circuit; or, the communication device for the passive Internet of Things may be the terminal device for the passive Internet of Things in the above second aspect, or a device including the terminal device for the passive Internet of Things, or a module in the terminal for the passive Internet of Things in the above second aspect, such as a chip, a chip system or a circuit.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the communication device of the passive Internet of Things is a chip or a chip system. Optionally, when the communication device of the passive Internet of Things is a chip system, it can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0036] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, the computer can execute the method described in any of the above aspects.

[0037] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in any one of the above aspects.

[0038] Among them, the technical effects brought about by any possible implementation method in the third to seventh aspects can be referred to the technical effects brought about by different possible implementation methods in the first to second aspects or in the first to second aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0039] It can be understood that, under the premise that the solutions are not contradictory, the solutions in each aspect can be combined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a circuit processing flow of a passive electronic tag provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a circuit processing flow of an active electronic tag provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a communication process between a reader and a tag provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another communication process between a reader and a tag provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 An architecture diagram of a communication system for a passive Internet of Things provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 7 A flow chart of a communication method for a passive Internet of Things provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 8 A flow chart of another passive Internet of Things communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig. 9 A flowchart of another passive Internet of Things communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of an inventory process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of another inventory process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of an inventory process between a first type of terminal device and an access network device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of an inventory process between a second type of terminal device and an access network device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] Before introducing the technical solution of the present application, the relevant technical terms and background technologies involved in the present application are explained.

[0055] 1. Radio frequency identification (RFID)

[0056] RFID technology is an automatic identification technology that uses radio frequency signals to achieve contactless information transmission through spatial coupling (alternating magnetic field or electromagnetic field), and achieves the purpose of identification through the transmitted information. Electronic tags are an important part of the RFID system. The spatial coupling of radio frequency signals between electronic tags and readers is achieved through coupling elements. In the coupling channel, energy transfer and data exchange are achieved according to the timing relationship. At present, RFID tags can be divided into three types: passive electronic tags, semi-passive electronic tags, and active electronic tags.

[0057] Passive electronic tags are powered by the radio energy or electromagnetic field of the reader and respond passively under the stimulation of the radio energy or electromagnetic field. That is, passive electronic tags do not generate carrier signals themselves. The uplink transmits data by reflecting and modulating the external carrier. The power of the reflected signal depends on the power of the downlink received signal (which can be as low as -30dBm), and the reflected signal is not power amplified. The power consumption of passive electronic tags is usually about 1uW. Passive electronic tags are mainly suitable for short-distance communications, for example, dense deployment scenarios with a distance of 20 to 30 meters between the headends of indoor small stations.

[0058] Active electronic tags can generate carrier signals by themselves, and the uplink can modulate and transmit data based on their own carrier signals. The uplink signal transmission power does not depend on the downlink received signal power, and can reach a higher power (for example, -20dBm to -10dBm) after power amplification. The power consumption of active electronic tags is usually 200 to 500uW. The communication distance of active electronic tags can usually reach 300 to 500 meters under NLOS channels, and can be used in indoor small stations as well as outdoor pole stations and macro stations.

[0059] Semi-passive electronic tags do not generate carrier signals themselves, and transmit data by reflecting and modulating external carriers. However, the reflected signal is power amplified (for example, the amplification gain is 10dB to 15dB), and the reflected signal power depends on the downlink received signal power (which can be as low as -50dBm) and the power amplification gain. The power consumption of passive tags is usually about 100uW. The communication distance of semi-passive tags can usually reach 100 to 200 meters under NLOS channels, which is suitable for medium and short-distance communications, such as indoor small stations and outdoor (campus) pole stations with a distance of 200 to 300 meters.

[0060] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a circuit processing flow of a passive electronic tag provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 , the passive electronic tag receives the carrier signal from the reader (1C 04 3F) and responds passively by reflecting and modulating the carrier signal emitted by the reader.

[0061] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a circuit processing flow of an active electronic tag provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 The active electronic tag has a built-in power supply and can actively send signals to communicate with the reader (1C 04 3F) within a certain range.

[0062] 2. Processing time in RFID

[0063] The various processing times in the communication process between the reader and the tag can be referred to as shown in Table 1 below. RTcal, Tpri, and FrT in Table 1 are pre-defined parameters. In general, the T1 value range is: 13.938us~23.562us, the typical duration is 18.75us, the T2 value range is: 4.68us~31.25us, the T4 value range is: greater than or equal to 37.5us, and the T7 value range is: 250us~20ms.

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Combination Figure 3 The above processing time is explained with an example. Figure 3As shown, the reader sends a select message to the tag. After T4 duration, the reader sends a Query message to the tag. After receiving the Query message, the tag sends an RN16 message to the reader after T1 duration. After receiving the RN16 message, the reader sends an ACK message to the tag after T2 duration. After receiving the ACK message, the tag sends a PC / XPC message, an EPC message, or a PacketCRC message to the reader after T1 duration. If the EPC message is valid, the reader replies with a QueryRep message or other command after T2 duration; if the EPC message is invalid, the reader replies with a NAK message after T2 duration.

[0068] Combination Figure 4 The above processing time is explained with an example. Figure 4 As shown, the reader sends a Query message to the tag; after receiving the Query message sent by the reader, the tag sends an RN16 message to the reader after a period of T1; after receiving the RN16 message sent by the tag, the reader sends a QueryRep message to the tag after a period of T2. If the reader has not received a reply after a period of T1 after sending the QueryRep message, the reader sends a QueryRep message to the tag again after a period of T3. After receiving the QueryRep message, the tag sends an RN16 message to the reader after a period of T1. After receiving the RN16 message, the reader sends an ACK message to the tag after a period of T2. If the reader has not received a reply after a period of T1 after sending the ACK message, the reader sends a QueryRep message to the tag after a period of T3.

[0069] It is understandable that the above explanations of technical terms are intended to make the present application easier to understand and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection claimed for the present application.

[0070] Since the 4G and 5G era, the Internet of Things has become a hot topic in the field of wireless communications. The 3GPP cellular communication system has gradually formed a multi-level Internet of Things consisting of multiple types of terminals such as NR MBB, Redcap and LTE Cat.4, eMTC and LTE Cat.1, and NB-IoT, which adapts to the diverse needs of different application scenarios for communication capabilities, terminal costs and power consumption. According to market forecasts, the number of global IoT connections will reach tens of billions or even hundreds of billions by 2030, and the vigorous development of the Internet of Things will become an important driving force for the continuous improvement of human production and life.

[0071] The power supply of IoT terminals is a hot topic that IoT research continues to focus on. On the one hand, the life cycle of IoT terminals is usually measured in years, or even up to ten years. Moreover, the huge number of IoT terminals are widely distributed, and many are installed in locations where construction is difficult. The maintenance cost of regular battery replacement is too high, and there is an urgent need to avoid battery replacement during the terminal life cycle. On the other hand, high-performance batteries with long life and meeting the rated voltage and power requirements of the terminal module are often expensive, even comparable to the terminal module itself, which significantly raises the network cost. Finally, if tens of billions or even hundreds of billions of IoT terminals are all powered by batteries, it will consume a huge amount of materials and cause serious environmental pressure. In summary, IoT terminals that do not rely on battery power are an important evolutionary trend of the next generation of IoT and an enabling feature for further expanding the IoT market space.

[0072] There are usually many different types of terminal devices in the passive Internet of Things, such as active tag devices, passive tag devices, etc. Different types of terminal devices differ in hardware and / or software. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared with active electronic tags, passive electronic tags do not have channel coding modules and are basically composed of analog circuits. Due to hardware differences, active tags and passive tags also have significant differences in processing delay after receiving downlink signaling. At present, the processing delay expected by access network devices for terminal devices is fixed, resulting in the access network devices being unable to communicate normally with different types of terminal devices in the passive Internet of Things.

[0073] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method for a passive Internet of Things, in which different types of terminal devices can reply to an access network device with a second message after receiving a first message after different first durations. That is, the access network device can support different types of terminal devices to use different first durations, thereby achieving the purpose of normal communication with different types of terminal devices.

[0074] The solution provided in the embodiments of the present application is applicable to passive Internet of Things, such as passive Internet of Things based on RFID technology, passive Internet of Things based on Bluetooth, passive Internet of Things based on wireless network communication (wireless fidelity, WIFI) technology, passive Internet of Things based on the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (the 5th-generation mobile communication technology, 5G) and passive Internet of Things based on LoRa.

[0075] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a passive Internet of Things communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the communication system 10 includes access network equipment (eg Figure 5 Access network device #1 and access network device #2) and terminal device (e.g. Figure 5 The access network device can provide network access services for the terminal devices. The access network device and the terminal devices can communicate with each other to transmit control instructions or service data.

[0076] exist Figure 5 In the communication system 10 shown, access network device #1 can send information to one or more of terminal devices #1 to #6. Access network device #1 can also send information to one or more of terminal devices #7 and #8 through access network device #2. In addition, terminal devices 4 to 6 also form a communication system, in which terminal device 5 can send information to one or more of terminal devices 4 and 6. Access network device #2, terminal device #7 and terminal device #8 also form a communication system, in which access network device #2 can send information to one or more of terminal devices #7 and #8.

[0077] The access network device in the present application may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, for example, it may include an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional Node B) in a long term evolution (LTE) system or an enhanced LTE (LTE-advanced, LTE-A) system, such as a traditional macro base station eNB and a micro base station eNB in ​​a heterogeneous network scenario. Alternatively, it may include a next generation nodeB (next generation nodeB, gNB) in an NR system. Alternatively, it may include a transmission reception point (TRP), a home base station (e.g., home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), a baseband pool (BBU pool), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) access network device (access point, AP), etc. Alternatively, it may include a base station in a non-terrestrial network (NTN), that is, it may be deployed on a flying platform or a satellite. In the NTN, the network device or access device may be used as a layer 1 (L1) relay, or as a base station, or as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node. Alternatively, the network device may be a device that implements the base station function in IoT, such as a device that implements the base station function in drone communications, V2X, D2D, or machine to machine (M2M).

[0078] In some possible scenarios, the access network device may also be a module or unit that can implement some functions of the base station. For example, the access network device may be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and DU may be separately configured or may be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0079] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, the network device or access device may be a network device or a module of a network device in an open radio access network (open RAN, ORAN) system. In the ORAN system, CU may also be referred to as open (open, O)-CU, DU may also be referred to as O-DU, CU-CP may also be referred to as O-CU-CP, CU-UP may also be referred to as O-CU-UP, and RU may also be referred to as O-RU. Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0080] In the embodiments of the present application, the form of the access network device is not limited. The device for implementing the function of the access network device may be a network device or an access device; or it may be a device that can support the access network device to implement the function, such as a chip system. The device may be installed in the access network device or used in conjunction with the access network device.

[0081] The terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a passive device, for example, the passive device may be a passive tag, which may collect energy through backscattering technology to send and receive messages. Passive tags include but are not limited to radio frequency identification (RFID), Bluetooth, Zigbee and other non-powered terminal tags.

[0082] The terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may also be a semi-passive device or an active device. Among them, the active device may be a device with wireless transceiver function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal in a 5G mobile communication system or a terminal in a future evolution network, etc.

[0083] When the terminal device is a passive, semi-active or semi-passive terminal or tag, data can be received or sent by obtaining energy. The energy can be obtained by radio frequency, radio, solar energy, light energy, wind energy, water energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy and the like. This application does not limit the way in which passive, semi-active or semi-passive terminal devices obtain energy. When the terminal device is a passive terminal, the terminal itself is not equipped with or does not rely on power supply equipment such as batteries, but obtains energy from the environment for functions such as data perception, transmission and distributed computing. When the terminal is a semi-active terminal, the terminal can have a built-in battery, but the function of the battery is to power the internal circuit and is not used to actively transmit signals. When the terminal is a semi-passive terminal, the terminal can have a built-in capacitor, which can store the energy obtained by the terminal. For example, the terminal can obtain energy by obtaining solar energy and store it in a capacitor.

[0084] In specific implementation, the access network device or terminal device in the embodiment of the present application can adopt Figure 6 The structure shown, or including Figure 6 Parts shown. Figure 6The figure shows a hardware structure diagram of a communication device applicable to the present application. The communication device 20 includes at least one processor 201 and at least one communication interface 204, which are used to implement the method provided by the present application. The communication device 20 may also include a communication line 202 and a memory 203.

[0085] The processor 201 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application.

[0086] The communication link 202 may include a path to transmit information between the above-mentioned components, such as a bus.

[0087] The communication interface 204 is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks. The communication interface 204 can be any transceiver-like device, such as an Ethernet interface, a radio access network (RAN) interface, a wireless local area network (WLAN) interface, a transceiver, a pin, a bus, an interface circuit, or a transceiver circuit.

[0088] The memory 203 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory may exist independently and be coupled to the processor 201 via the communication line 202. The memory 203 may also be integrated with the processor 201. The memory provided in the present application may generally be non-volatile.

[0089] Among them, the memory 203 is used to store the computer execution instructions involved in executing the solution provided by this application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 201. The processor 201 is used to execute the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 203, so as to implement the method provided by this application. Alternatively, optionally, in this application, the processor 201 may also perform the processing-related functions in the method provided below in this application, and the communication interface 204 is responsible for communicating with other devices or communication networks, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0090] Optionally, the computer-executable instructions in the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

[0091] The coupling in this application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.

[0092] As an embodiment, the processor 201 may include one or more CPUs, such as Figure 6 CPU0 and CPU1 in.

[0093] As an embodiment, the communication device 20 may include multiple processors, such as Figure 6 201 and processor 207 in the embodiment of the present invention. Each of these processors may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor. The processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0094] As an embodiment, the communication device 20 may further include an output device 205 and / or an input device 206. The output device 205 is coupled to the processor 201 and can display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device 205 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector. The input device 206 is coupled to the processor 201 and can receive user input in a variety of ways. For example, the input device 206 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.

[0095] Understandably, Figure 6 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the communication device, except Figure 6 In addition to the components shown, the communication device may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0096] It can be understood that the message names between the various communication entities or the names of the parameters in the messages in the following embodiments of the present application are only examples, and other names may be used in specific implementations, and the present application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0097] It can be understood that in this application, "sending information to... (such as a communication entity)" can be understood as the destination end of the information being the communication entity. It can include sending information to the communication entity directly or indirectly. "Receiving information from... (such as a communication entity)" can be understood as the source end of the information being the communication entity, which can include receiving information from the communication entity directly or indirectly. The information may be processed as necessary between the source end and the destination end of the information transmission, such as format changes, etc., but the destination end can understand the valid information from the source end. Similar expressions in this application can be understood similarly and will not be repeated here.

[0098] It is understandable that in the present application, " / " can indicate that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship, for example, A / B can indicate A or B; "and / or" can be used to describe that there are three relationships between the associated objects, for example, A and / or B can indicate: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, expressions similar to "at least one of A, B and C" or "at least one of A, B or C" are usually used to indicate any of the following: A exists alone; B exists alone; C exists alone; A and B exist at the same time; A and C exist at the same time; B and C exist at the same time; A, B and C exist at the same time. The above uses A, B and C as an example to illustrate the optional items of the item. When there are more elements in the expression, the meaning of the expression can be obtained according to the above rules.

[0099] In order to facilitate the description of the technical solution of the present application, in the present application, words such as "first" and "second" may be used to distinguish between technical features with the same or similar functions. The words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily limit them to be different. In the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations, and any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. The use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way for easy understanding.

[0100] It is understood that the "embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the various embodiments in the entire specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It is understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of each process does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the present application.

[0101] It can be understood that in the present application, "when...", "in the case of...", "if" and "if" all mean that corresponding processing will be taken under certain objective circumstances, but do not limit the time, nor do they require any judgment action when implementing them, nor do they mean the existence of other limitations.

[0102] The term “simultaneously” in the present application may be understood as at the same time point, within a period of time, or within the same cycle.

[0103] In this application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" can be understood as two or more than two. For example, multiple terminal devices can be understood as two or more than two terminal devices.

[0104] It is understandable that some optional features in this application may be implemented independently in some scenarios without relying on other features, such as the solution on which it is currently based, to solve corresponding technical problems and achieve corresponding effects. They may also be combined with other features according to needs in some scenarios. Accordingly, the device provided in this application may also realize these features or functions accordingly, which will not be elaborated here.

[0105] It can be understood that the same step or steps or technical features with the same functions in different embodiments of the present application can be referenced to each other.

[0106] like Figure 7 As shown, a communication method of a passive Internet of Things provided by an embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0107] S101. An access network device sends a first message to a terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first message sent by the access network device.

[0108] Exemplarily, the first message includes but is not limited to: a read message, a write message, a query message, and a response message. It should be understood that the first message can be a message sent by any access network device to the terminal device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0109] S102. The terminal device sends a second message to the access network device after a first time after receiving the first message. Correspondingly, the access network device receives the second message sent by the terminal device after a first time after receiving the first message.

[0110] The second message is used to respond to the first message. Exemplarily, the second message includes but is not limited to: a random access message, a product identification message, a random number message, a read message, and a response message. It should be understood that the second message can be a message sent by any terminal device to the access network device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0111] The terminal device may be of various types, for example, the terminal device may include a first type terminal device or a second type terminal device. Exemplarily, the first type terminal device may be an active tag device, and the second type terminal device may be a passive tag device. Exemplarily, the active tag device may be an active electronic tag or a semi-passive electronic tag based on RFID technology, and the passive tag device may be a passive electronic tag based on RFID technology.

[0112] The first time in the embodiment of the present application may have other names, such as DL-UL switching time, which is not limited. The first time is similar to the parameter T1 in the above RFID, representing the time interval from when the terminal device receives a message sent by the access network device to when it replies to the message.

[0113] In the embodiment of the present application, different types of terminal devices may correspond to different first times. For example, the first time of the first type of terminal device is different from the first time of the second type of terminal device. Furthermore, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

[0114] Optionally, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is a time at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time at the microsecond level. For example, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is 5ms, and the value range of the first time of the second type of terminal device can be 10Tpri-δ~10Tpri+δ, where Tpri is the high and low duration of the air interface of the uplink signal of the second terminal device, which is used to indicate the air interface transmission rate of the uplink signal. Tpri can be configured by the query message sent by the access network device to the second terminal device. δ represents the range of variation of the first time, which is generally related to the time measurement error between the access network device and the terminal device, for example, δ=12.5us. The existence of δ ensures that the timing control has a certain robustness while quickly switching uplink and downlink transmissions. Exemplarily, at the peak rate, Tpri is 25us, and the value range of the first time can be 250us-δ~250us+δ. It should be understood that the specific value of the first time needs to take into account the hardware and software configuration of the terminal device and the support of other devices (such as access network devices) in the communication system, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0115] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the embodiments of the present application take into account that the independent sending and receiving model of the access network device is usually used in the communication scenario between the second type of terminal device and the access network device. Compared with RFID, the constraint of the sending and receiving switching delay on the access network device side on the first time is eliminated, so that the first time can be completely determined by the communication rate of the second terminal device type. Because it is not constrained by the delay on the access network device side, it will have a smaller first time and thus have a larger capacity.

[0116] It should be understood that the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is a time at the millisecond level, which can ensure that no processing pressure is caused to the first type of terminal device. The first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time at the microsecond level, which can ensure the communication efficiency between the access network device and the second type of terminal device, thereby ensuring a high reading rate of the second type of terminal device.

[0117] In some embodiments, the terminal device may determine the first time based on a predefined, preconfigured, or negotiated configuration between the terminal device and the access network device. The manner in which different types of terminal devices determine the first time may be the same or different, and this is not limited.

[0118] Exemplarily, the passive tag device may determine the first time based on a predefined method.

[0119] Exemplarily, the access network device can configure the first time for the active tag device. Based on this, the first message can include indication information for indicating the first time corresponding to the active tag device. Of course, the indication information for indicating the first time corresponding to the active tag device can also be carried in other messages different from the first message, which is not limited to this.

[0120] In some embodiments, the active tag device may send capability information to the access network device; accordingly, the access network device receives the capability information sent by the active tag device. The capability information is used to indicate the message processing time of the active tag device. The message processing time may include the processing time of the received message and / or the generation time of the message to be sent.

[0121] In some embodiments, when the active tag device reports capability information, the access network device may determine the first time corresponding to the active tag device based on the message processing time indicated by the capability information.

[0122] In some embodiments, when the active tag device does not report capability information, the access network device may determine the first time corresponding to the active tag device based on a maximum value in a value set of the message processing time.

[0123] It should be understood that the access network device does not expect the terminal device to reply to the second message within the first time after sending the first message, but expects the terminal device to reply to the second message after the first time. If the access network device does not receive the second message after the first time after sending the first message, the access network device may consider that the terminal device has not received the first message. The access network device may continue to wait for a period of time. If the second message is still not received within the waiting period of time, the access network device may resend the first message to the terminal device, or send other messages.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, the passive Internet of Things can support multiple types of terminal devices, such as active tag devices and passive tag devices. However, due to the limitations of their own hardware and / or software, different types of terminal devices may have different message processing capabilities, resulting in different processing times from receiving messages to replying messages. If all types of terminal devices are required to use the same first time, when the first time is set to be longer, the communication efficiency between the access network device and the terminal device with a shorter processing time (such as a passive tag device) will be reduced; when the first time is set to be shorter, it will cause processing pressure on the terminal device with a longer processing time, resulting in the terminal device with a longer processing time may not be able to communicate normally with the access network device.

[0125] In the embodiment of the present application, the access network device can take into account the message processing capabilities of different types of terminals, and support different types of terminal devices to reply to the second message after different first times after receiving the first message, rather than requiring different types of terminal devices to reply to the second message after the same first time after receiving the first message, thereby achieving the purpose of ensuring normal communication between the access network device and different types of terminal devices.

[0126] like Figure 8 As shown, a communication method of a passive Internet of Things provided by an embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0127] S201. The terminal device sends a third message to the access network device; accordingly, the access network device receives the third message sent by the terminal device.

[0128] Exemplarily, the third message includes but is not limited to: random access message, product identification message, random number message, read message, response message. It should be understood that the third message can be a message sent by any terminal device to the access network device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0129] S202. The access network device sends a fourth message to the terminal device after a second time after receiving the third message.

[0130] The fourth message is used to respond to the third message. Exemplarily, the fourth message includes but is not limited to: a read message, a write message, a query message, and a response message. It should be understood that the fourth message can be a message sent by any access network device to the terminal device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0131] The second time in the embodiment of the present application may have other names, such as UL-DL switching time, which is not limited. The second time represents the time interval between when the access network device receives a message sent by the terminal device and when it replies to the message.

[0132] In some embodiments, different types of terminal devices may correspond to different or the same second time, which is not limited. For example, the second time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is the same as the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

[0133] In some embodiments, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal. For example, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time at the microsecond level. Exemplarily, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is 5ms. For another example, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device can also be 2ms, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is 100us. Among them, the value range of the second time of the second type of terminal device is 0~5slot, and slot expresses the length of a time slot in NR, usually slot=1ms.

[0134] Generally speaking, the longer the second time is, the slower the switching of uplink and downlink transmission between the terminal and the access network device is, and the lower the communication efficiency is. However, for tag devices, in order to reduce costs, one access network device can cover hundreds of tag devices, and the communication between different tags and access network devices is a time-division relationship. Currently, in order to improve the efficiency of communication between access network devices and tags, the access network device will communicate with other tags within the time interval when the access network device responds to the tag uplink data, that is, the second time will be reused. Taking into account the multiplexing of multiple tags, the design of the second time is no longer a single smaller the better, but the larger the better within a certain range, because the larger the upper limit of the second time, the higher the degree of freedom of multiplexing control of the access network device, which makes it easier to achieve efficient multi-tag communication. In a typical peak rate scenario, the upper limit of the second time of the second terminal device is designed to be 5 slots, which is sufficient to meet the multiplexing requirements.

[0135] In some embodiments, the second time may be predefined, preconfigured, or determined by negotiation between the access network device and the terminal device.

[0136] It should be understood that the processing time from receiving a message to replying a message of a traditional access network device is relatively long. If the second time used by the traditional access network device is required to be the same as the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device, it will cause a large processing pressure on the traditional access network device. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device to be greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal, it is ensured that the traditional access network device is applied to the passive Internet of Things without additional processing pressure.

[0137] like Fig. 9 As shown, a communication method of a passive Internet of Things provided by an embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0138] S301. The access network device sends a fifth message to the terminal device; accordingly, the terminal device accesses the fifth message sent by the access network device.

[0139] Exemplarily, the fifth message includes but is not limited to: a read message, a write message, a query message, and a response message. It should be understood that the fifth message can be a message sent by any access network device to the terminal device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0140] S302. The access network device sends a sixth message to the terminal device a third time after sending the fifth message. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the sixth message sent by the access network device a third time after sending the fifth message.

[0141] The fifth message and the sixth message are two consecutive messages. Exemplarily, the sixth message includes but is not limited to: a read message, a write message, a query message, and a response message. It should be understood that the sixth message can be a message sent by any access network device to the terminal device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0142] The third time in the embodiment of the present application may have other names, such as DL-DL switching time, which is not limited.

[0143] In some embodiments, different types of terminal devices may correspond to different or the same third time, which is not limited. For example, the third time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is the same as the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

[0144] In some embodiments, the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device. For example, the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time at the microsecond level. Exemplarily, the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is 5ms, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is 100us. For another example, the third time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is 1ms, and the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is also 1ms. It is also possible that the third time corresponding to the first type of terminal device and the second type of terminal device are both 4ms.

[0145] In some embodiments, the third time may be predefined, preconfigured, or determined by negotiation between the access network device and the terminal device.

[0146] It should be understood that the processing time of a traditional access network device for sending two messages in succession is relatively long. If the third time used by the traditional access network device is required to be the same as the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device, it will cause a large processing pressure on the traditional access network device. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device to be greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal, it is ensured that the traditional access network device is applied to the passive Internet of Things without additional processing pressure.

[0147] The following is combined with the inventory process to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The embodiment shown is used for a specific introduction. In the following inventory process, the access network device is used as the reader and the terminal device is used as the tag for explanation. The inventory process is the process of the reader identifying the tag. The reader sends a Query message to the tag to start an inventory cycle. During the inventory cycle, the reader can read at least one tag participating in the inventory within the set identification range, and one or more tags can respond. After the reader detects the response of a tag, it can request the tag to send an EPC message. When the EPC message sent by the tag is obtained, the reader completes the identification of the tag. The tag in the embodiment of the present application can be an active tag device or a passive tag device.

[0148] like Fig.10 As shown, the inventory process may include the following steps:

[0149] Sa1. The reader sends a Query message to the tag to read at least one tag participating in the inventory within a set identification range.

[0150] The Query message includes the Q value of the current inventory cycle, and the Q value is used to represent the number of time slots set in the current inventory cycle.

[0151] Sa2. After receiving the Query message sent by the base station, the tag sends an RN16 message to the base station as soon as possible.

[0152] As shown in Table 2 below, the RN16 message is a 16-bit random number.

[0153] Table 2

[0154] Reply #of bits 16 description RN16

[0155] When the tag receives the Query message, it selects a 16-bit random number and loads the certificate into the time slot counter inside the tag. When the time slot counter inside the tag is reduced to 0, the tag can switch to the reply state and backscatter the RN16 message to the reader at the same time. Tags whose time slot counters inside the tags select values ​​other than zero need to switch to the arbitration state and wait for the reader to issue a QueryRep command.

[0156] Sa3. After receiving the RN16 message sent by the tag, the reader sends an ACK message to the tag after a second time.

[0157] In a possible implementation, after receiving the RN16 message returned by each tag, the reader can determine whether the RN16 message returned by each tag is correct and whether the return time has timed out based on the return time of the returned RN16 message and the value corresponding to the RN16 message. When the reader receives a correctly returned RN16 message, it can send an ACK message to the tag with the RN16 message of the corresponding tag as a parameter. When the reader receives an incorrectly returned RN16 message, it can send an NCK message to the tag.

[0158] Sa4. The tag sends an EPC message to the reader as soon as possible after receiving the ACK message.

[0159] The EPC signal includes the tag's identification information.

[0160] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, the reader can select a tag group before reading the tag, so as to establish a tag inventory and access process. When selecting a tag group, the reader can select a specific tag group through one or more Select messages.

[0161] In some embodiments, Fig.11 As shown, before step Sa1, the following steps Sa0 may also be included:

[0162] Sa0. The reader sends a Select message to the tag.

[0163] It should be understood that the reader will execute the above step Sa1 only after a third time has passed after sending the select message.

[0164] Fig.12 Based on Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the inventory process shown in is applied to the first type of terminal device. Take the first time, second time and third time corresponding to the first type of terminal device as 5ms. The access network device sends a select message. The access network device sends a Query message 5ms after sending the select message. The first type of terminal device sends an RN16 message 5ms after receiving the Query message. The access network device sends an ACK message 5ms after receiving the RN16 message. The first type of terminal device sends an EPC message 5ms after receiving the ACK message.

[0165] Fig.13 Based on Fig.11Schematic diagram of the inventory process shown in the figure applied to the second type of terminal device. Taking the first time of the second type of terminal device as 100us, the second time and the third time as 5ms, the access network device sends a select message. The access network device sends a Query message 5ms after sending the select message. The second type of terminal device sends an RN16 message 100us after receiving the Query message. The access network device sends an ACK message 5ms after receiving the RN16 message. The second type of terminal device sends an EPC message 5ms after receiving the ACK message.

[0166] The above mainly introduces the solution provided by the present application from the perspective of the interaction between the access network device and the terminal. Accordingly, the present application also provides a communication device, which can be the access network device or terminal device in the above method embodiment, or a device including the above access network device or terminal device, or a component that can be used for the access network device or terminal device. It can be understood that in order to realize the above functions, the above xx, etc. include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the units and algorithm operations of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0167] For example, when the functional modules are divided in an integrated manner, Fig.14 The structure diagram of a communication device 30 is shown. The communication device 30 includes a processing module 301 and an interface module 302. The processing module 301, which may also be referred to as a processing unit, is used to perform operations other than transceiver operations, and may be, for example, a processing circuit or a processor. The interface module 302, which may also be referred to as an interface unit, is used to perform transceiver operations, and may be, for example, an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.

[0168] In some embodiments, the communication device 30 may further include a storage module ( Fig.14 ), for storing program instructions and data.

[0169] Exemplarily, the communication device 30 is used to implement the function of the access network device. For example, the communication device 30 can be Figure 7-Figure 9 Access network equipment in.

[0170] Among them, the interface module 302 is used to send a first message to a terminal device in a passive Internet of Things; the receiving terminal device sends a second message after receiving the first message after a first time; wherein the second message is used to respond to the first message; the terminal device includes a first type of terminal device or a second type of terminal device, and the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is different from the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

[0171] In a possible implementation, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal equipment is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal equipment.

[0172] In a possible implementation, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

[0173] In one possible implementation, the interface module 302 is also used to receive a third message sent by the terminal device; and to send a fourth message to the terminal device after a second time has passed after receiving the third message; wherein the fourth message is used to respond to the third message; and when the terminal device is a second type of terminal device, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

[0174] In a possible implementation, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

[0175] In one possible implementation, the interface module 302 is also used to send a fifth message to the terminal device; and send a sixth message to the terminal device after a third time has passed since the fifth message was sent; wherein the fifth message and the sixth message are two consecutive messages; and when the terminal device is a second type terminal device, the third time corresponding to the second type terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type terminal device.

[0176] In a possible implementation, the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time in milliseconds, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time in microseconds.

[0177] In a possible implementation, the first type of terminal device is an active tag device, and the second type of terminal device is a passive tag device.

[0178] In a possible implementation, when the terminal device is an active tag device, the first message includes indication information for indicating a first time corresponding to the active tag device.

[0179] In a possible implementation, the interface module 302 is further used to receive capability information sent by the active tag device, where the capability information is used to indicate the message processing time of the active tag device.

[0180] In a possible implementation, the message processing time includes the processing time of a received message and / or the generation time of a message to be sent.

[0181] Exemplarily, the communication device 30 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device. For example, the communication device 30 can be Figure 7-Figure 9 The terminal device in.

[0182] Interface module 302 is used to receive a first message sent by an access network device; after receiving the first message, a second message is sent to the access network device after a first time; wherein the second message is used to respond to the first message; the terminal device includes a first type of terminal device or a second type of terminal device, and the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is different from the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

[0183] In a possible implementation, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal equipment is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal equipment.

[0184] In a possible implementation, the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

[0185] In one possible implementation, the interface module 302 is also used to send a third message to the access network device; receive a fourth message sent by the access network device after a second time after receiving the third message; wherein the fourth message is used to respond to the third message; and when the terminal device is a second type of terminal device, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

[0186] In a possible implementation, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the interface module 302 is also used to receive a fifth message sent by the access network device; receive a sixth message sent by the access network device after a third time has passed after sending the fifth message; wherein the fifth message and the sixth message are two consecutive messages; and when the terminal device is a second type terminal device, the third time corresponding to the second type terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type terminal device.

[0188] In a possible implementation, the third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time in milliseconds, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is a time in microseconds.

[0189] In a possible implementation, the first type of terminal device is an active tag device, and the second type of terminal device is a passive tag device.

[0190] In a possible implementation, when the terminal device is an active tag device, the first message includes indication information for indicating a first time corresponding to the active tag device.

[0191] In a possible implementation, the interface module 302 is further used to receive capability information sent by the active tag device, where the capability information is used to indicate the message processing time of the active tag device.

[0192] In a possible implementation, the message processing time includes the processing time of a received message and / or the generation time of a message to be sent.

[0193] In a simple embodiment, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the communication device 30 may be used Figure 6 For example, Figure 6 The processor 201 in the communication device 30 can call the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 203 to enable the communication device 30 to execute the method described in the above method embodiment.

[0194] For example, Fig.14 The functions / implementation processes of the processing module 301 and the interface module 302 can be Figure 6 The processor 201 in the embodiment calls the computer execution instruction stored in the memory 203 to implement. Or, Fig.14 The function / implementation process of the processing module 301 in Figure 6 The processor 201 in the embodiment calls the computer execution instruction stored in the memory 203 to implement, Fig.14 The function / implementation process of the interface module 302 in Figure 6 The communication interface 204 in is implemented.

[0195] It is understandable that one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of the two. When any of the above modules or units is implemented in software, the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in a memory, and a processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow. The processor can be built into an SoC (system on chip) or an ASIC, or it can be an independent semiconductor chip. In addition to the core used to execute software instructions for calculation or processing in the processor, it can also further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), PLDs (programmable logic devices), or logic circuits that implement dedicated logic operations.

[0196] When the above modules or units are implemented in hardware, the hardware can be any one or any combination of a CPU, a microprocessor, a digital signal processing (DSP) chip, a microcontroller unit (MCU), an artificial intelligence processor, an ASIC, a SoC, an FPGA, a PLD, a dedicated digital circuit, a hardware accelerator or a non-integrated discrete device, which can run the necessary software or not rely on the software to execute the above method flow.

[0197] Optionally, the present application also provides a chip system, including: at least one processor and an interface, the at least one processor is coupled to a memory through the interface, and when the at least one processor executes a computer program or instruction in the memory, the method in any of the above method embodiments is executed. In one possible implementation, the chip system also includes a memory. Optionally, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

[0198] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be completed by a computer program to instruct the relevant hardware, and the program can be stored in the above computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the above method embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the communication device of any of the above embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory of the communication device. The above computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the above communication device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (smart media card, SMC), a secure digital (secure digital, SD) card, a flash card (flash card), etc. equipped on the above communication device. Further, the above computer-readable storage medium can also include both the internal storage unit of the above communication device and an external storage device. The above computer-readable storage medium is used to store the above computer program and other programs and data required by the above communication device. The above computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0199] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer program product. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be completed by a computer program to instruct related hardware, and the program can be stored in the above computer program product. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the above method embodiments.

[0200] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer instruction. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiment can be completed by computer instructions to instruct related hardware. The program can be stored in the above computer-readable storage medium or in the above computer program product.

[0201] Through the description of the above implementation methods, technical personnel in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0202] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0203] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed in multiple different places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0204] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0205] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method for a passive Internet of Things, characterized in that: Applied to access network equipment, the method comprises: Sending a first message to a terminal device in the passive Internet of Things; Receive a second message sent by the terminal device after a first time has passed after the first message is received; wherein the second message is used to respond to the first message; the terminal device includes a first type of terminal device or a second type of terminal device, and the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is different from the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first time corresponding to the first type of terminal equipment is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal equipment.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Receiving a third message sent by the terminal device; A fourth message is sent to the terminal device after a second time after receiving the third message; wherein the fourth message is used to respond to the third message; when the terminal device is the second type of terminal device, the second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Sending a fifth message to the terminal device; A sixth message is sent to the terminal device after a third time has passed after sending the fifth message; wherein the fifth message and the sixth message are two consecutive messages; and when the terminal device is the second-type terminal device, the third time corresponding to the second-type terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first type of terminal device is an active tag device, and the second type of terminal device is a passive tag device.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that In the case where the terminal device is the active tag device, the first message includes indication information for indicating a first time corresponding to the active tag device.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that When the terminal device is the active tag device, the method further includes: Capability information sent by the active tag device is received, where the capability information is used to indicate a message processing time of the active tag device.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The message processing time includes the processing time of a received message and / or the generation time of a message to be sent.

12. A communication method for a passive Internet of Things, characterized in that: Applied to the terminal device in the passive Internet of Things, the method comprises: Receiving a first message sent by an access network device; A second message is sent to the access network device after a first time after receiving the first message; wherein the second message is used to respond to the first message; the terminal device includes a first type of terminal device or a second type of terminal device, and the first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is different from the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The first time corresponding to the first type of terminal equipment is greater than the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal equipment.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The first time corresponding to the first type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that The method further comprises: Sending a third message to the access network device; Receive a fourth message sent by the access network device after a second time has passed after receiving the third message; wherein the fourth message is used to respond to the third message; and when the terminal device is the second-type terminal device, the second time corresponding to the second-type terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The second time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Receiving a fifth message sent by the access network device; Receive the sixth message sent by the access network device after a third time has passed after sending the fifth message; wherein the fifth message and the sixth message are two consecutive messages; and when the terminal device is the second-type terminal device, the third time corresponding to the second-type terminal device is greater than the first time corresponding to the second-type terminal device.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The third time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the millisecond level, and the first time corresponding to the second type of terminal device is at the microsecond level.

19. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that The first type of terminal device is an active tag device, and the second type of terminal device is a passive tag device.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that In the case where the terminal device is the active tag device, the first message includes indication information for indicating a first time corresponding to the active tag device.

21. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that When the terminal device is the active tag device, the method further includes: Capability information sent by the active tag device is received, where the capability information is used to indicate a message processing time of the active tag device.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The message processing time includes the processing time of a received message and / or the generation time of a message to be sent.

23. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a unit or module for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, or comprises a unit or module for executing the method according to any one of claims 12 to 22.

24. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, the memory is used to store programs or instructions, when the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the device executes the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, or executes the method as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 22.

25. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program or instructions are executed, the computer performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, or the method according to any one of claims 12 to 22.

26. A computer program product, comprising computer program code, characterized in that: When the computer program code is executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, or to implement the method according to any one of claims 12 to 22.

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