Method executed by receiving station and station

Abstract

The invention discloses a method executed by a receiving station and a station. An example according to the present specification relates to a technique relating to configuring a preamble in a wireless LAN WLAN system. The receiving STA may receive the PPDU. The receiving STA may perform a modular operation for whether the L-SIG field is duplicated and the value of the length field. The receiving STA may determine the received PPDU as an EHT PPDU based on a modular operation for whether the L-SIG field is duplicated and a value of the length field.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with the original application number 202080060055.5 (international application number: PCT / KR2020 / 008608, application date: July 1, 2020, invention name: Technology for configuring preamble codes in wireless communication systems). Technical Field

[0002] The present specification relates to a technology for configuring a preamble in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, and more particularly, to a method for configuring a preamble in a WLAN system and a device supporting the method. Background Art

[0003] Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have been enhanced in various ways. For example, the IEEE 802.11ax standard has proposed an enhanced communication environment using orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and a downlink multi-user multiple input multiple output (DL MU MIMO) scheme.

[0004] This specification proposes technical features that can be used in new communication standards. For example, the new communication standard may be the extremely high throughput (EHT) standard currently under discussion. The EHT standard may use newly proposed increased bandwidth, enhanced PHY layer protocol data unit (PPDU) structure, enhanced sequence, hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme, etc. The EHT standard may be referred to as the IEEE 802.11be standard. Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical issues

[0006] In the EHT standard, a wide bandwidth (ie, 160 / 320 MHz) and 16 streams can be used to support high throughput. In addition, when a PPDU based on the EHT standard (eg, an EHT PPDU) is transmitted, backward compatibility with devices according to a legacy standard (eg, a legacy Wi-Fi device) can be supported. Therefore, a method for reducing packet detection errors regarding a PPDU (or packet) based on the EHT standard may be required.

[0007] Technical Solution

[0008] A receiving STA according to various embodiments may receive a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) including an L-SIG field.

[0009] According to various embodiments, the receiving STA may determine the type of the PPDU based on whether the L-SIG field is repeated and a “modulo 3 operation” on the value of the length field.

[0010] According to various embodiments, for a PPDU for which the result of the “modulo 3 operation” is “0”, the type of the PPDU may be determined as an extremely high throughput (EHT) type.

[0011] According to various embodiments, an EHT type PPDU may include an RL-SIG field repeated with an L-SIG field.

[0012] According to various embodiments, the receiving STA may decode the PPDU.

[0013] Beneficial Effects

[0014] According to various embodiments, the receiving STA may determine the type of the PPDU based on whether the L-SIG field is repeated and a modulo operation on the value of the length field. For each type, the PPDU may be configured in a different structure. Therefore, the receiving STA may identify whether the L-SIG field is repeated and may perform a modulo operation on the value of the length field in order to identify the PPDU of the EHT format.

[0015] Therefore, according to various embodiments, the receiving STA can reduce packet detection errors. In addition, the EHT PPDU includes the L-SIG field, thus supporting backward compatibility with legacy Wi-Fi devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 An example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0018] Figure 3 A general link establishment process is shown.

[0019] Figure 4 An example of PPDU used in the IEEE standard is shown.

[0020] Figure 5 The layout of resource units (RUs) used in a frequency band of 20 MHz is shown.

[0021] Figure 6 The layout of RUs used in a frequency band of 40 MHz is shown.

[0022] Figure 7 The layout of RUs used in the 80 MHz frequency band is shown.

[0023] Figure 8 The structure of the HE-SIG-B field is shown.

[0024] Fig. 9An example is shown in which multiple user STAs are assigned to the same RU through the MU-MIMO scheme.

[0025] Fig.10 The operation based on UL-MU is shown.

[0026] Fig.11 An example of a trigger frame is shown.

[0027] Fig.12 An example of a common information field of a trigger frame is shown.

[0028] Fig.13 An example of subfields included in the per-user information field is shown.

[0029] Fig.14 The technical features of the UORA solution are shown.

[0030] Fig.15 An example of channels used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band is shown.

[0031] Fig.16 An example of channels used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band is shown.

[0032] Fig.17 An example of channels used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band is shown.

[0033] Fig.18 An example of PPDU used in this specification is shown.

[0034] Fig.19 An example of a modified transmitting device and / or receiving device of the present specification is shown.

[0035] Fig. 20 The format of the EHT PPDU is shown.

[0036] Fig.21 Another format of the EHT PPDU is shown.

[0037] Fig. 22 Another format of the EHT PPDU is shown.

[0038] Fig.23 Another format of the EHT PPDU is shown.

[0039] Fig.24 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the operation of a transmitting STA.

[0040] Fig.25 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the operation of a receiving STA. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In this specification, "A or B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In other words, in this specification, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in this specification, "A, B or C" may mean "only A", "only B", "only C", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0042] A slash ( / ) or a comma used in this specification may represent "and / or". For example, "A / B" may represent "A and / or B". Thus, "A / B" may represent "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" may represent "A, B, or C".

[0043] In the present specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In addition, in the present specification, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0044] In addition, in the present specification, "at least one of A, B, and C" may mean "only A", "only B", "only C", or "any combination of A, B, and C". In addition, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0045] In addition, the brackets used in this specification may mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "control information (EHT-signal)", it may mean that "EHT-signal" is proposed as an example of "control information". In other words, the "control information" of this specification is not limited to "EHT-signal", and "EHT-signal" may be proposed as an example of "control information". In addition, when indicated as "control information (ie, EHT signal)", it may also mean that "EHT signal" is proposed as an example of "control information".

[0046] Technical features described separately in one drawing of the present specification may be implemented separately or simultaneously.

[0047] The following examples of this specification can be applied to various wireless communication systems. For example, the following examples of this specification can be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) systems. For example, this specification can be applied to IEEE 802.11a / g / n / ac standards or IEEE802.11ax standards. In addition, this specification can also be applied to the newly proposed EHT standard or IEEE 802.11be standard. In addition, the examples of this specification can also be applied to new WLAN standards enhanced from the EHT standard or the IEEE 802.11be standard. In addition, the examples of this specification can be applied to mobile communication systems. For example, it can be applied to long-term evolution (LTE) based on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard and mobile communication systems based on the evolution of LTE. In addition, the examples of this specification can be applied to communication systems based on the 5G NR standard of the 3GPP standard.

[0048] Hereinafter, in order to describe the technical features of the present specification, technical features applicable to the present specification will be described.

[0049] Figure 1 An example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification is shown.

[0050] exist Figure 1 In the example of , various technical features described below can be performed. Figure 1 At least one station (STA) is involved. For example, the STAs 110 and 120 of this specification may also be referred to as various terms such as mobile terminals, wireless devices, wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs), user equipment (UEs), mobile stations (MSs), mobile subscriber units, or simply users. The STAs 110 and 120 of this specification may also be referred to as various terms such as networks, base stations, node Bs, access points (APs), repeaters, routers, repeaters, etc. The STAs 110 and 120 of this specification may also be referred to as various names such as receiving devices, transmitting devices, receiving STAs, transmitting STAs, receiving devices, transmitting devices, etc.

[0051] For example, the STAs 110 and 120 may function as an AP or a non-AP. That is, the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may function as an AP and / or a non-AP.

[0052] In addition to the IEEE 802.11 standard, the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may support various communication standards together. For example, communication standards based on 3GPP standards (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standards), etc. may be supported. In addition, the STAs of the present specification may be implemented as various devices such as mobile phones, vehicles, personal computers, etc. In addition, the STAs of the present specification may support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communications, and self-driving (autonomous driving).

[0053] The STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may include a medium access control (MAC) conforming to the IEEE 802.11 standard and a physical layer interface for a radio medium.

[0054] The following will refer to Figure 1 Sub-figure (a) of FIG. 1 describes STAs 110 and 120 .

[0055] The first STA 110 may include a processor 111, a memory 112, and a transceiver 113. The processor, memory, and transceiver shown may be individually implemented as separate chips, or at least two blocks / functions may be implemented by a single chip.

[0056] The transceiver 113 of the first STA performs a signal transmission / reception operation. Specifically, it can transmit / receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0057] For example, the first STA 110 may perform operations expected by the AP. For example, the processor 111 of the AP may receive a signal through the transceiver 113, process a received (RX) signal, generate a transmitted (TX) signal, and provide control for signal transmission. The memory 112 of the AP may store a signal (e.g., an RX signal) received through the transceiver 113, and may store a signal (e.g., a TX signal) to be sent through the transceiver.

[0058] For example, the second STA 120 may perform operations expected by the non-AP STA. For example, the transceiver 123 of the non-AP performs signal transmission / reception operations. Specifically, IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be packets, etc.) may be transmitted / received.

[0059] For example, the processor 121 of the non-AP STA may receive a signal through the transceiver 123, process the RX signal, generate a TX signal, and provide control for signal transmission. The memory 122 of the non-AP STA may store a signal (e.g., an RX signal) received through the transceiver 123, and may store a signal (e.g., a TX signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver.

[0060] For example, the operation of a device indicated as an AP in the specification described below may be performed in the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For example, if the first STA 110 is an AP, the operation of the device indicated as the AP may be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and the relevant signal may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. In addition, control information related to the operation of the AP or the TX / RX signal of the AP may be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110. In addition, if the second STA 120 is an AP, the operation of the device indicated as the AP may be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and the relevant signal may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. In addition, control information related to the operation of the AP or the TX / RX signal of the AP may be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120.

[0061] For example, in the specification described below, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP (or user STA) may be performed in the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For example, if the second STA 120 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as the non-AP may be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and the relevant signal may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the TX / RX signal of the non-AP may be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120. For example, if the first STA 110 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as the non-AP may be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and the relevant signal may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the TX / RX signal of the non-AP may be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110.

[0062] In the specification described below, devices referred to as (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) equipment, network, etc. may refer to Figure 1 For example, a device indicated as (transmitting / receiving) STA, a first STA, a second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, a first AP, a second AP, AP1, AP2, a (transmitting / receiving) terminal, a (transmitting / receiving) device, a (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, a network, etc. (but without a specific number) may refer to Figure 1 For example, in the following example, the operation of various STAs sending / receiving signals (eg, PPDU) may be performed in Figure 1 In addition, in the following examples, various STAs generate TX / RX signals or perform data processing and calculations in advance for TX / RX signals. Figure 1 111 and 121 of the processors. For example, examples of operations for generating TX / RX signals or performing data processing and calculation in advance may include: 1) operations for determining / obtaining / configuring / calculating / decoding / encoding bit information of subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) included in the PPDU; 2) operations for determining / configuring / obtaining time resources or frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) for subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) included in the PPDU; 3) operations for determining / configuring / obtaining specific sequences (e.g., pilot sequences, STF / LTF sequences, additional sequences applied to SIG) for subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) included in the PPDU; 4) power control operations and / or power saving operations applied to STAs; and 5) operations related to determining / obtaining / configuring / decoding / encoding of ACK signals, etc. In addition, in the following examples, various information (e.g., information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power, etc.) used by various STAs to determine / obtain / configure / calculate / decode / encode TX / RX signals may be stored in Figure 1 in the memories 112 and 122.

[0063] Figure 1 The aforementioned device / STA of sub-graph (a) can be as follows Figure 1 In the following, we will modify the Figure 1 Sub-figure (b) of FIG. 1 is used to describe STA 110 and STA 120 of the present specification.

[0064] For example, Figure 1 The transceivers 113 and 123 shown in the sub-diagram (b) of FIG. Figure 1 The same functions as the aforementioned transceiver shown in sub-figure (a) of FIG. Figure 1The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-figure (b) may include processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122 . Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 shown in the sub-diagram (b) of FIG. Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122 have the same functions as those shown in sub-figure (a) above.

[0065] The mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, user, user STA, network, base station, Node B, access point (AP), repeater, router, repeater, receiving unit, sending unit, receiving STA, sending STA, receiving device, sending device, receiving apparatus and / or sending apparatus described below may mean Figure 1 STAs 110 and 120 shown in sub-figures (a) / (b) of Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in the sub-figure (b) of FIG. In other words, the technical features of this specification can be Figure 1 The STA 110 and 120 shown in the sub-figure (a) / (b) of FIG. 110 and 120 may be executed only in Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in the sub-figure (b) of Figure 1 For example, the technical feature of sending a control signal from a STA can be understood as the transceiver 113 and 123 shown in the sub-figure (a) / (b) of FIG. Figure 1 The transceiver 113 shown in the sub-figure (a) / (b) of FIG. Figure 1 The technical features of the control signals generated in the processors 111 and 121 illustrated in the sub-figures (a) / (b) of FIG. Alternatively, the technical features of the STA sending the control signal can be understood as Figure 1 The technical features of the processing chips 114 and 124 shown in the sub-figure (b) of FIG. 110 and 111 show the control signals to be transmitted to the transceivers 113 and 123 .

[0066] For example, the technical feature of receiving the control signal by the receiving STA can be understood as Figure 1 The technical feature of the transceivers 113 and 123 receiving the control signal shown in the sub-figure (a) of FIG. 1 can be understood as the technical feature of the receiving STA receiving the control signal through Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 shown in the sub-diagram (a) of Figure 1 The technical features of the control signal received by the transceivers 113 and 123 shown in the sub-figure (a) of FIG. Alternatively, the technical features of the receiving STA receiving the control signal can be understood as Figure 1The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in the sub-figure (b) of Figure 1 Technical characteristics of the control signals received in transceivers 113 and 123 shown in sub-figure (b).

[0067] Reference Figure 1 As shown in sub-figure (b), software codes 115 and 125 may be included in memories 112 and 122. Software codes 115 and 126 may include instructions for controlling operations of processors 111 and 121. Software codes 115 and 125 may be included as various programming languages.

[0068] Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 may include an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits and / or data processing devices. The processor may be an application processor (AP). For example, Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 may include at least one of the following: a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modulator and demodulator (modem). Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 may be composed of The SNAPDRAGONTM processor series manufactured by EXYNOSTM processor series manufactured by Processor family manufactured by The HELIOTM processor series manufactured by The ATOMTM processor family manufactured by or enhanced from these processors.

[0069] In this specification, uplink may mean a link for communication from a non-AP STA to an SP STA, and an uplink PPDU / packet / signal, etc. may be transmitted through the uplink. In addition, in this specification, downlink may mean a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and a downlink PPDU / packet / signal, etc. may be transmitted through the downlink.

[0070] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0071] Figure 2 The upper part of shows the structure of an infrastructure basic service set (BSS) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.

[0072] Reference Figure 2The wireless LAN system may include one or more infrastructure BSSs 200 and 205 (hereinafter, referred to as BSSs). BSSs 200 and 205, which are a collection of APs and STAs (e.g., access point (AP) 225 and station (STA1) 200-1) that are successfully synchronized to communicate with each other, are not concepts indicating a specific area. BSS 205 may include one or more STAs 205-1 and 205-2 that may join one AP 230.

[0073] The BSS may include at least one STA, an AP providing a distributed service, and a distribution system (DS) 210 connecting a plurality of APs.

[0074] The distribution system 210 may implement an extended service set (ESS) 240 extended by connecting a plurality of BSSs 200 and 205. The ESS 240 may be used as a term indicating one network configured by connecting one or more APs 225 or 230 via the distribution system 210. APs included in one ESS 240 may have the same service set identification (SSID).

[0075] The portal 220 may serve as a bridge connecting a wireless LAN network (IEEE 802.11) and another network (eg, 802.X).

[0076] exist Figure 2 In the BSS shown in the upper part of FIG, a network between the APs 225 and 230 and a network between the APs 225 and 230 and the STAs 200-1, 205-1, and 205-2 can be implemented. However, a network is configured between the STAs to perform communication even without the APs 225 and 230. A network that performs communication by configuring a network between the STAs even without the APs 225 and 230 is defined as an ad hoc network or an independent basic service set (IBSS).

[0077] Figure 2 The lower part of FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram illustrating an IBSS.

[0078] Reference Figure 2 In the lower part, the IBSS is a BSS operating in a self-organizing mode. Since the IBSS does not include an access point (AP), there is no centralized management entity that performs management functions in the center. That is, in the IBSS, STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 may be composed of mobile STAs, and access to the DS is not allowed to form a self-contained network.

[0079] Figure 3A general link establishment process is shown.

[0080] In S310, the STA may perform a network discovery operation. The network discovery operation may include a scanning operation of the STA. That is, in order to access the network, the STA needs to discover participating networks. The STA needs to identify compatible networks before joining a wireless network, and the process of identifying a network present in a specific area is called scanning. Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning.

[0081] Figure 3 A network discovery operation including an active scanning process is shown. In active scanning, the STA performing the scan sends a probe request frame and waits for a response to the probe request frame in order to identify which AP is around while moving to the channel. The responder sends a probe response frame to the STA that has sent the probe request frame as a response to the probe request frame. Here, the responder may be the STA that sent the last beacon frame in the BSS of the channel being scanned. In the BSS, since the AP sends a beacon frame, the AP is the responder. In the IBSS, since the STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames, the responder is not fixed. For example, when the STA sends a probe request frame via channel 1 and receives a probe response frame via channel 1, the STA may store the BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame, may move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2), and may perform scanning by the same method (e.g., sending a probe request and receiving a probe response via channel 2).

[0082] although Figure 3 Not shown in the figure, scanning can be performed by a passive scanning method. In passive scanning, the STA performing the scan can wait for a beacon frame while moving to a channel. The beacon frame is one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11, and is periodically sent to indicate the existence of a wireless network and enable the STA performing the scan to find the wireless network and join the wireless network. In the BSS, the AP is used to periodically send beacon frames. In the IBSS, the STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames. Upon receiving the beacon frame, the STA performing the scan stores information related to the BSS included in the beacon frame and records the beacon frame information in each channel while moving to another channel. The STA that receives the beacon frame can store the BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, can move to the next channel, and can perform scanning in the next channel by the same method.

[0083] After discovering the network, the STA may perform an authentication process in S320. This authentication process may be referred to as a first authentication process to clearly distinguish it from the security establishment operation in the subsequent S340. The authentication process in S320 may include a process in which the STA sends an authentication request frame to the AP and the AP sends an authentication response frame to the STA in response. The authentication frame used for the authentication request / response is a management frame.

[0084] The authentication frame may include information related to an authentication algorithm number, an authentication transaction sequence number, a status code, a challenge text, a robust security network (RSN), and a limited cycle group.

[0085] The STA may send an authentication request frame to the AP. The AP may determine whether to allow authentication of the STA based on information included in the received authentication request frame. The AP may provide the STA with an authentication process result via an authentication response frame.

[0086] When the STA is successfully authenticated, the STA may perform an association process in S330. The association process includes a process in which the STA sends an association request frame to the AP and the AP sends an association response frame to the STA in response. For example, the association request frame may include information related to various capabilities, a beacon listening interval, a service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, RSN, a mobility domain, a supported operation category, a traffic indication map (TIM) broadcast request, and interworking service capabilities. For example, the association response frame may include information related to various capabilities, a status code, an association ID (AID), supported rates, an enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) parameter set, a received channel power indicator (RCPI), a received signal-to-noise ratio indicator (RSNI), a mobility domain, a timeout interval (association recovery time), overlapping BSS scanning parameters, a TIM broadcast response, and a QoS map.

[0087] In S340, the STA may perform a security establishment process. The security establishment process in S340 may include a process of establishing a private key through a four-way handshake (eg, through an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame).

[0088] Figure 4 An example of PPDU used in the IEEE standard is shown.

[0089] As shown, various types of PHY protocol data units (PPDUs) are used in the IEEE a / g / n / ac standards. Specifically, LTF and STF include training signals, SIG-A and SIG-B include control information for receiving STAs, and the data field includes user data corresponding to PSDU (MAC PDU / aggregated MAC PDU).

[0090] Figure 4An example of a HE PPDU according to IEEE 802.11ax is also shown. Figure 4 The HE PPDU is an exemplary PPDU for multiple users. The HE-SIG-B may be included only in the PPDU for multiple users, and the HE-SIG-B may be omitted in the PPDU for a single user.

[0091] like Figure 4 As shown, the HE-PPDU for multiple users (MU) may include a legacy short training field (L-STF), a legacy long training field (L-LTF), a legacy signal (L-SIG), a high efficiency signal A (HE-SIG A), a high efficiency signal B (HE-SIG B), a high efficiency short training field (HE-STF), a high efficiency long training field (HE-LTF), a data field (alternatively, a MAC payload), and a packet extension (PE) field. Each field may be sent within the time period shown (i.e., 4 or 8 μs).

[0092] The following describes a resource unit (RU) for a PPDU. A RU may include multiple subcarriers (or tones). A RU may be used to send signals to multiple STAs according to OFDMA. In addition, a RU may also be defined as sending a signal to one STA. A RU may be used for an STF, an LTF, a data field, etc.

[0093] Figure 5 The layout of resource units (RUs) used in a frequency band of 20 MHz is shown.

[0094] like Figure 5 As shown, resource units (RUs) corresponding to different numbers of tones (i.e., subcarriers) may be used to form some fields of the HE-PPDU. For example, resources may be allocated for the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and data fields in the RU shown.

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown in the uppermost part of , 26 units (i.e., units corresponding to 26 tones) may be set. Six tones may be used for a guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz band, and five tones may be used for a guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz band. In addition, seven DC tones may be inserted in the center band (i.e., the DC band), and 26 units corresponding to 13 tones on each of the left and right sides of the DC band may be set. 26 units, 52 units, and 106 units may be allocated to other bands. Each unit may be allocated to a receiving STA (i.e., a user).

[0096] Figure 5 The layout of the RU in can be used not only for multiple users (MU) but also for a single user (SU), in which case one 242 unit can be used and three DC tones can be inserted, such as Figure 5as shown at the bottom.

[0097] although Figure 5 RUs of various sizes are proposed, namely, 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, and 242-RU, but RUs of a specific size may be expanded or increased. Therefore, the present embodiment is not limited to a specific size of each RU (ie, the number of corresponding tones).

[0098] Figure 6 The layout of RUs used in a frequency band of 40 MHz is shown.

[0099] Similar to using RUs with various sizes Figure 5 ,exist Figure 6 In the example of 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, etc. can be used. In addition, five DC tones can be inserted in the center frequency, 12 tones can be used for the guard band in the leftmost band of the 40MHz band, and 11 tones can be used for the guard band in the rightmost band of the 40MHz band.

[0100] like Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 4, when the RU layout is used for a single user, 484-RU can be used. The specific number of RUs can be similar to Figure 5 Change.

[0101] Figure 7 The layout of RUs used in the 80 MHz frequency band is shown.

[0102] Similar to using RUs with various sizes Figure 5 and Figure 6 ,exist Figure 7 In the example of 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, 996-RU, etc. can be used. In addition, seven DC tones can be inserted in the center frequency, 12 tones can be used for the guard band in the leftmost band of the 80 MHz band, and 11 tones can be used for the guard band in the rightmost band of the 80 MHz band. In addition, 26-RU corresponding to 13 tones on each side of the left and right sides of the DC band can be used.

[0103] like Figure 7 As shown, when the RU layout is for a single user, the 996-RU can be used, in which case five DC tones can be inserted.

[0104] The RU described in this specification can be used in uplink (UL) communication and downlink (DL) communication. For example, when performing UL-MU communication requested by a trigger frame, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can allocate a first RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242-RU, etc.) to the first STA through a trigger frame, and can allocate a second RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242-RU, etc.) to the second STA. Thereafter, the first STA may send a first trigger-based PPDU based on the first RU, and the second STA may send a second trigger-based PPDU based on the second RU. The first / second triggered PPDUs are sent to the AP in the same (or overlapping) time period.

[0105] For example, when configuring a DL MU PPDU, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) may allocate a first RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242-RU, etc.) to the first STA, and may allocate a second RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242-RU, etc.) to the second STA. That is, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) may transmit the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for the first STA through the first RU in one MU PPDU, and may transmit the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for the second STA through the second RU.

[0106] Information about the layout of RUs may be signaled via HE-SIG-B.

[0107] Figure 8 The structure of the HE-SIG-B field is shown.

[0108] As shown, the HE-SIG-B field 810 includes a common field 820 and a user-specific field 830. The common field 820 may include information commonly applied to all users (i.e., user STAs) receiving the SIG-B. The user-specific field 830 may be referred to as a user-specific control field. When the SIG-B is transmitted to multiple users, the user-specific field 830 may be applied to only any one of the multiple users.

[0109] like Figure 8 As shown, the common field 820 and the user-specific field 830 may be encoded separately.

[0110] The common field 820 may include N*8 bits of RU allocation information. For example, the RU allocation information may include information related to the location of the RU. For example, when Figure 5 When a 20 MHz channel is used as shown, the RU allocation information may include information about a specific frequency band where a specific RU (26-RU / 52-RU / 106-RU) is arranged.

[0111] An example of the case where the RU allocation information consists of 8 bits is as follows.

[0112] [Table 1]

[0113]

[0114] like Figure 5 As shown in the example of , up to nine 26-RUs can be allocated to a 20 MHz channel. When the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is set to "00000000" as shown in Table 1, nine 26-RUs can be allocated to the corresponding channel (i.e., 20 MHz). In addition, when the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is set to "00000001" as shown in Table 1, seven 26-RUs and one 52-RU are arranged in the corresponding channel. That is, in Figure 5 In the example of , 52-RU can be allocated to the far right, and seven 26-RUs can be allocated to its left.

[0115] The example of Table 1 shows only some RU locations where RU allocation information can be displayed.

[0116] For example, the RU allocation information may include the example in Table 2 below.

[0117] [Table 2]

[0118]

[0119] "01000y2y1y0" relates to an example in which a 106-RU is allocated to the leftmost side of a 20 MHz channel and five 26-RUs are allocated to the right thereof. In this case, multiple STAs (e.g., user STAs) may be allocated to the 106-RU based on the MU-MIMO scheme. Specifically, up to 8 STAs (e.g., user STAs) may be allocated to the 106-RU, and the number of STAs (e.g., user STAs) allocated to the 106-RU is determined based on the 3-bit information (y2y1y0). For example, when the 3-bit information (y2y1y0) is set to N, the number of STAs (e.g., user STAs) allocated to the 106-RU based on the MU-MIMO scheme may be N+1.

[0120] Typically, multiple STAs (eg, user STAs) different from each other may be allocated to multiple RUs. However, multiple STAs (eg, user STAs) may be allocated to one or more RUs having at least a specific size (eg, 106 subcarriers) based on the MU-MIMO scheme.

[0121] like Figure 8As shown, the user-specific field 830 may include multiple user fields. As described above, the number of STAs (e.g., user STAs) assigned to a specific channel may be determined based on the RU allocation information of the common field 820. For example, when the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is "00000000", one user STA may be allocated to each of the nine 26-RUs (e.g., nine user STAs may be allocated). That is, up to 9 user STAs may be allocated to a specific channel through the OFDMA scheme. In other words, up to 9 user STAs may be allocated to a specific channel through a non-MU-MIMO scheme.

[0122] For example, when RU allocation is set to "01000y2y1y0", multiple STAs can be allocated to the 106-RU arranged on the leftmost side through the MU-MIMO scheme, and five user STAs can be allocated to the five 26-RUs arranged on the right side thereof through the non-MU MIMO scheme. Fig. 9 .

[0123] Fig. 9 An example is shown in which multiple user STAs are assigned to the same RU through the MU-MIMO scheme.

[0124] For example, when Fig. 9 When the RU allocation is set to "01000010", the 106-RU may be allocated to the leftmost side of a specific channel, and five 26-RUs may be allocated to the right side thereof. In addition, three user STAs may be allocated to the 106-RU through the MU-MIMO scheme. As a result, since eight user STAs are allocated, the user-specific field 830 of the HE-SIG-B may include eight user fields.

[0125] Eight user fields can be pressed Fig. 9 In addition, Figure 8 As shown, two user fields can be implemented using one user block field.

[0126] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The user field shown may be configured based on two formats. That is, the user field related to the MU-MIMO scheme may be configured in a first format, and the user field related to the non-MIMO scheme may be configured in a second format. Fig. 9 In the example of , user field 1 to user field 3 may be based on the first format, and user field 4 to user field 8 may be based on the second format. The first format or the second format may include bit information of the same length (eg, 21 bits).

[0127] Each user field may have the same size (eg, 21 bits). For example, the user field of the first format (the first MU-MIMO scheme) may be configured as follows.

[0128] For example, the first bit (i.e., B0-B10) in the user field (i.e., 21 bits) may include identification information (e.g., STA-ID, partial AID, etc.) of the user STA that allocates the corresponding user field. In addition, the second bit (i.e., B11-B14) in the user field (i.e., 21 bits) may include information related to the space configuration. Specifically, examples of the second bit (i.e., B11-B14) may be shown in Tables 3 and 4 below.

[0129] [Table 3]

[0130]

[0131] [Table 4]

[0132]

[0133] As shown in Table 3 and / or Table 4, the second bits (e.g., B11-B14) may include information related to the number of spatial streams allocated to multiple user STAs allocated based on the MU-MIMO scheme. Fig. 9 When three user STAs are allocated to 106-RU based on the MU-MIMO scheme, N_user is set to "3". Therefore, the values ​​of N_STS[1], N_STS[2], and N_STS[3] can be determined as shown in Table 3. For example, when the value of the second bit (B11-B14) is "0011", it can be set to N_STS[1]=4, N_STS[2]=1, and N_STS[3]=1. That is, in Fig. 9 In the example of , four spatial streams may be allocated to user field 1, one spatial stream may be allocated to user field 1, and one spatial stream may be allocated to user field 3.

[0134] As shown in the examples of Table 3 and / or Table 4, the information about the number of spatial streams for the user STA (i.e., the second bits, B11-B14) may consist of 4 bits. In addition, the information about the number of spatial streams for the user STA (i.e., the second bits, B11-B14) may support up to eight spatial streams. In addition, the information about the number of spatial streams for the user STA (i.e., the second bits, B11-B14) may support up to four spatial streams for one user STA.

[0135] In addition, the third bit (ie, B15-18) in the user field (ie, 21 bits) may include modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information. The MCS information may be applied to the data field in the PPDU including the corresponding SIG-B.

[0136] MCS, MCS information, MCS index, MCS field, etc. used in this specification may be indicated by an index value. For example, MCS information may be indicated by index 0 to index 11. MCS information may include information related to constellation modulation type (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, 1024-QAM, etc.) and information related to coding rate (e.g., 1 / 2, 2 / 3, 3 / 4, 5 / 6e, etc.). Information related to channel coding type (e.g., LCC or LDPC) may not be included in the MCS information.

[0137] In addition, the fourth bit (ie, B19) in the user field (ie, 21 bits) may be a reserved field.

[0138] In addition, the fifth bit (ie, B20) in the user field (ie, 21 bits) may include information on a coding type (eg, BCC or LDPC). That is, the fifth bit (ie, B20) may include information on a type of channel coding (eg, BCC or LDPC) applied to a data field in a PPDU including a corresponding SIG-B.

[0139] The above example relates to a user field in the first format (format of the MU-MIMO scheme). An example of a user field in the second format (format of the non-MU-MIMO scheme) is as follows.

[0140] The first bit (e.g., B0-B10) in the user field of the second format may include identification information of the user STA. In addition, the second bit (e.g., B11-B13) in the user field of the second format may include information related to the number of spatial streams applied to the corresponding RU. In addition, the third bit (e.g., B14) in the user field of the second format may include information related to whether a beamforming steering matrix is ​​applied. The fourth bit (e.g., B15-B18) in the user field of the second format may include modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information. In addition, the fifth bit (e.g., B19) in the user field of the second format may include information related to whether dual carrier modulation (DCM) is applied. In addition, the sixth bit (i.e., B20) in the user field of the second format may include information related to the coding type (e.g., BCC or LDPC).

[0141] Fig.10UL-MU-based operation is shown. As shown, a transmitting STA (e.g., an AP) may perform channel access through contention (e.g., a backoff operation), and may transmit a trigger frame 1030. That is, the transmitting STA may transmit a PPDU including the trigger frame 1030. Upon receiving the PPDU including the trigger frame, a trigger-based (TB) PPDU is transmitted after a delay corresponding to SIFS.

[0142] The TB PPDUs 1041 and 1042 may be transmitted at the same time period, and may be transmitted from a plurality of STAs (eg, user STAs) having the AID indicated in the trigger frame 1030. The ACK frame 1050 for the TB PPDU may be implemented in various forms.

[0143] Reference Figures 11 to 13 Describes specific features of the trigger frame. Even when UL-MU communication is used, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) scheme or a MU-MIMO scheme may be used, and OFDMA and MU-MIMO schemes may be used simultaneously.

[0144] Fig.11 An example of a trigger frame is shown. Fig.11 The trigger frame allocates resources for uplink multi-user (MU) transmission and may be sent, for example, from an AP. The trigger frame may be configured by a MAC frame and may be included in a PPDU.

[0145] Fig.11 The various fields shown may be partially omitted, and another field may be added. In addition, the length of each field may be changed to be different from that shown in the figure.

[0146] Fig.11 The frame control field 1110 may include information related to the MAC protocol version and additional additional control information. The duration field 1120 may include time information configured by the NAV or information related to an identifier (eg, AID) of the STA.

[0147] In addition, the RA field 1130 may include address information of the receiving STA of the corresponding trigger frame, and may be optionally omitted. The TA field 1140 may include address information of the STA (e.g., AP) that sends the corresponding trigger frame. The public information field 1150 includes public control information applied to the receiving STA that receives the corresponding trigger frame. For example, it may include a field indicating the length of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU sent in response to the corresponding trigger frame or information for controlling the content of the SIG-A field (i.e., HE-SIG-A field) of the uplink PPDU sent in response to the corresponding trigger frame. In addition, as public control information, information related to the length of the CP of the uplink PPDU sent in response to the corresponding trigger frame or information related to the length of the LTF field may be included.

[0148] In addition, preferably including and receiving Fig.11 The number of receiving STAs of the trigger frame corresponds to the per-user information fields 1160#1 to 1160#N. The per-user information field may also be referred to as an "allocation field".

[0149] in addition, Fig.11 The trigger frame may include a padding field 1170 and a frame check sequence field 1180.

[0150] Fig.11 Each of the illustrated per-user information fields 1160#1 to 1160#N may include a plurality of subfields.

[0151] Fig.12 An example of a common information field of a trigger frame is shown. Fig.12 The subfields of may be partially omitted, and additional subfields may be added. In addition, the length of each subfield shown may be changed.

[0152] The length field 1210 shown has the same value as the length field of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU sent in response to the corresponding trigger frame, and the length field of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU indicates the length of the uplink PPDU. As a result, the length field 1210 of the trigger frame can be used to indicate the length of the corresponding uplink PPDU.

[0153] In addition, the tandem identifier field 1220 indicates whether a tandem operation is performed. The tandem operation means that downlink MU transmission and uplink MU transmission are performed together in the same TXOP. That is, it means that downlink MU transmission is performed, and then uplink MU transmission is performed after a preset time (e.g., SIFS). During the tandem operation, only one transmitting device (e.g., AP) can perform downlink communication, and multiple transmitting devices (e.g., non-AP) can perform uplink communication.

[0154] The CS request field 1230 indicates whether a wireless medium status or NAV, etc. must be considered in a case where a receiving device that has received a corresponding trigger frame transmits a corresponding uplink PPDU.

[0155] The HE-SIG-A information field 1240 may include information for controlling the content of the SIG-A field (ie, HE-SIG-A field) of the uplink PPDU in response to the corresponding trigger frame.

[0156] The CP and LTF type field 1250 may include information about the CP length and LTF length of the uplink PPDU sent in response to the corresponding trigger frame. The trigger type field 1260 may indicate the purpose of using the corresponding trigger frame, such as a typical trigger, a beamforming trigger, requesting a block ACK / NACK, etc.

[0157] It may be assumed that the trigger type field 1260 of the trigger frame in this specification indicates a basic type of trigger frame for a typical trigger. For example, the basic type of trigger frame may be referred to as a basic trigger frame.

[0158] Fig.13 An example of subfields included in the per-user information field is shown. Fig.13 The user information field 1300 may be understood as referring to the above Fig.11 Any of the per-user information fields 1160#1 to 1160#N mentioned above. Included in Fig.13 The subfields in the user information field 1300 may be partially omitted, and additional subfields may be added. In addition, the length of each subfield shown may be changed.

[0159] Fig.13 The user identifier field 1310 indicates an identifier of the STA (ie, the receiving STA) corresponding to the per-user information. An example of the identifier may be all or part of an association identifier (AID) value of the receiving STA.

[0160] In addition, the RU allocation field 1320 may be included. That is, when the receiving STA identified by the user identifier field 1310 transmits a TB PPDU in response to the trigger frame, the TB PPDU is transmitted through the RU indicated by the RU allocation field 1320. In this case, the RU indicated by the RU allocation field 1320 may be Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 RU shown.

[0161] Fig.13 The subfield of may include a coding type field 1330. The coding type field 1330 may indicate the coding type of the TB PPDU. For example, when BCC coding is applied to the TB PPDU, the coding type field 1330 may be set to "1", and when LDPC coding is applied, the coding type field 1330 may be set to "0".

[0162] in addition, Fig.13The subfield of may include an MCS field 1340. The MCS field 1340 may indicate the MCS scheme applied to the TB PPDU. For example, when BCC encoding is applied to the TB PPDU, the coding type field 1330 may be set to "1", and when LDPC encoding is applied, the coding type field 1330 may be set to "0".

[0163] Hereinafter, a UL OFDMA-based random access (UORA) scheme will be described.

[0164] Fig.14 Describe the technical features of the UORA scheme.

[0165] The sending STA (e.g., AP) can Fig.14 Specifically, the AP may allocate the first RU resource (AID 0, RU 1), the second RU resource (AID 0, RU 2), the third RU resource (AID 0, RU 3), the fourth RU resource (AID 2045, RU 4), ​​the fifth RU resource (AID 2045, RU 5), and the sixth RU resource (AID 3, RU 6). Information related to AID 0, AID 3, or AID 2045 may be included in, for example, Fig.13 The information related to RU 1 to RU 6 may be included in, for example, the user identifier field 1310. Fig.13 AID=0 may mean UORA resources for associated STAs, and AID=2045 may mean UORA resources for non-associated STAs. Fig.14 The 1st to 3rd RU resources can be used as UORA resources for associated STAs. Fig.14 The 4th RU resource and the 5th RU resource can be used as UORA resources for non-associated STAs. Fig.14 The 6th RU resources may be used as typical resources for UL MU.

[0166] exist Fig.14 In the example, STA1's OFDMA random access backoff (OBO) is reduced to 0, and STA1 randomly selects the second RU resource (AID 0, RU 2). In addition, since STA2 / 3's OBO counter is greater than 0, no uplink resources are allocated to STA2 / 3. Fig.14 For STA4 in , since the AID of STA4 (eg, AID=3) is included in the trigger frame, resources of RU 6 are allocated without backoff.

[0167] Specifically, due to Fig.14STA1 is the associated STA, so the total number of qualified RA RUs for STA1 is 3 (RU1, RU 2, and RU 3), so STA1 decrements the OBO counter by 3 to make the OBO counter 0. In addition, since Fig.14 STA2 is the associated STA, so the total number of eligible RA RUs for STA2 is 3 (RU 1, RU 2, and RU 3), so STA2 decrements the OBO counter by 3, but the OBO counter is greater than 0. In addition, due to Fig.14 STA3 is a non-associated STA, so the total number of eligible RA RUs for STA3 is 2 (RU 4, RU 5), so STA3 decrements the OBO counter by 2, but the OBO counter is greater than 0.

[0168] Fig.15 An example of channels used / supported / defined in the 2.4 GHz band is shown.

[0169] The 2.4 GHz band may be referred to as other terms such as a first frequency band. In addition, the 2.4 GHz band may mean a frequency domain that uses / supports / defines channels having center frequencies close to 2.4 GHz (eg, channels having center frequencies within 2.4 to 2.5 GHz).

[0170] A plurality of 20 MHz channels may be included in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. The 20 MHz in 2.4 GHz may have a plurality of channel indices (e.g., index 1 to index 14). For example, the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned with channel index 1 may be 2.412 GHz, the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned with channel index 2 may be 2.417 GHz, and the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned with channel index N may be (2.407+0.005*N) GHz. The channel index may be referred to as various terms such as channel number, etc. The specific values ​​of the channel index and the center frequency may vary.

[0171] Fig.15 An example is given of 4 channels in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Each of the 1st frequency domain 1510 to the 4th frequency domain 1540 shown herein may include one channel. For example, the 1st frequency domain 1510 may include channel 1 (a 20 MHz channel with index 1). In this case, the center frequency of channel 1 may be set to 2412 MHz. The 2nd frequency domain 1520 may include channel 6. In this case, the center frequency of channel 6 may be set to 2437 MHz. The 3rd frequency domain 1530 may include channel 11. In this case, the center frequency of channel 11 may be set to 2462 MHz. The 4th frequency domain 1540 may include channel 14. In this case, the center frequency of channel 14 may be set to 2484 MHz.

[0172] Fig.16 Shows an example of channels used / supported / defined in the 5 GHz band.

[0173] The 5 GHz band may be referred to as other terms such as a second frequency band, etc. The 5 GHz band may mean a frequency domain that uses / supports / defines channels with a center frequency greater than or equal to 5 GHz and less than 6 GHz (or less than 5.9 GHz). Alternatively, the 5 GHz band may include multiple channels between 4.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. Fig.16 The specific values ​​shown may vary.

[0174] Multiple channels within the 5 GHz band include unlicensed U.S. National Information Infrastructure (UNII)-1, UNII-2, UNII-3, and ISM. UNII-1 may be referred to as UNII Low. UNII-2 may include frequency domains referred to as UNII Mid and UNII-2 Extended. UNII-3 may be referred to as UNII-Upper.

[0175] A plurality of channels may be configured within the 5 GHz frequency band, and the bandwidth of each channel may be set differently, for example, to 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, etc. For example, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range within UNII-1 and UNII-2 may be divided into eight 20 MHz channels. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range may be divided into four channels via a 40 MHz frequency domain. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range may be divided into two channels via an 80 MHz frequency domain. Alternatively, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range may be divided into one channel via a 160 MHz frequency domain.

[0176] Fig.17 Shows examples of channels used / supported / defined in the 6 GHz band.

[0177] The 6 GHz frequency band may be referred to as other terms such as a third frequency band, etc. The 6 GHz frequency band may mean a frequency domain that uses / supports / defines channels having center frequencies greater than or equal to 5.9 GHz. Fig.17 The specific values ​​shown may vary.

[0178] For example, Fig.17 The 20MHz channel can be defined starting from 5.940GHz. Fig.17 Among the 20 MHz channels of the channel, the leftmost channel may have an index of 1 (or a channel index, a channel number, etc.), and 5.945 GHz may be assigned as the center frequency. That is, the center frequency of the channel of index N may be determined to be (5.940+0.005*N) GHz.

[0179] therefore, Fig.17 The index (or channel number) of the 2MHz channel can be 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 101, 105, 109, 113, 117, 121, 125, 129, 133, 137, 141, 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 185, 189, 193, 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, 233. In addition, according to the above (5.940+0.005*N)GHz rule, Fig.17 The index of the 40MHz channels can be 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115, 123, 131, 139, 147, 155, 163, 171, 179, 187, 195, 203, 211, 219, 227.

[0180] Despite Fig.17 20, 40, 80, and 160 MHz channels are shown in the example of , but a 240 MHz channel or a 320 MHz channel may be additionally added.

[0181] Hereinafter, a PPDU transmitted / received in a STA of the present specification will be described.

[0182] Fig.18 An example of PPDU used in this specification is shown.

[0183] Fig.18 The PPDU of the EHT PPDU may be referred to as various terms such as EHT PPDU, TX PPDU, RX PPDU, first type or Nth type PPDU, etc. For example, in the present specification, PPDU or EHT PPDU may be referred to as various terms such as TX PPDU, RX PPDU, first type or Nth type PPDU, etc. In addition, the EHT PPDU may be used in the EHT system and / or a new WLAN system enhanced from the EHT system.

[0184] Fig.18 The PPDU may represent some or all PPDU types used in the EHT system. For example, Fig.18 The examples of may be used in both single user (SU) mode and multi-user (MU) mode, or may be used only in SU mode, or may be used only in MU mode. For example, a triggered PPDU (TB) on an EHT system may be based on Fig.18 Instances of are defined or configured individually. Figures 10 to 14The trigger frame described in at least one of the embodiments and the UL-MU operation started by the trigger frame (eg, TB PPDU transmission operation) may be directly applied to the EHT system.

[0185] exist Fig.18 In the present invention, L-STF to EHT-LTF may be referred to as a preamble or a physical preamble and may be generated / sent / received / obtained / decoded in a physical layer.

[0186] Fig.18 The subcarrier spacing of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG and EHT-SIG fields can be determined to be 312.5kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF and data fields can be determined to be 78.125kHz. That is, the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG and EHT-SIG fields can be expressed in units of 312.5kHz, and the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF and data fields can be expressed in units of 78.125kHz.

[0187] exist Fig.18 In the PPDU, the L-LTF and L-STF may be the same as those in the legacy fields.

[0188] For example, Fig.18 The L-SIG field may include 24 bits of bit information. For example, the 24 bits of information may include a 4-bit rate field, a 1-bit reserved bit, a 12-bit length field, a 1-bit parity bit, and a 6-bit tail bit. For example, the 12-bit length field may include information related to the length or duration of the PPDU. For example, the 12-bit length field may be determined based on the type of the PPDU. For example, when the PPDU is a non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU, or EHT PPDU, the value of the length field may be determined as a multiple of 3. For example, when the PPDU is an HE PPDU, the value of the length field may be determined as "a multiple of 3+1" or "a multiple of 3+2". In other words, for non-HT, HT, VHT PPDI, or EHT PPDU, the value of the length field may be determined as "a multiple of 3", and for HE PPDU, the value of the length field may be determined as "a multiple of 3+1" or "a multiple of 3+2".

[0189] For example, the transmitting STA may apply BCC encoding based on a 1 / 2 coding rate to the 24-bit information of the L-SIG field. Thereafter, the transmitting STA may obtain 48 bits of BCC coded bits. BPSK modulation may be applied to the 48-bit coded bits, thereby generating 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA may map the 48 BPSK symbols to positions other than the pilot subcarriers {subcarrier indexes -21, -7, +7, +21} and the DC subcarrier {subcarrier index 0}. As a result, the 48 BPSK symbols may be mapped to subcarrier indexes -26 to -22, -20 to -8, -6 to -1, +1 to +6, +8 to +20, and +22 to +26. The transmitting STA may additionally map the signal of {-1, -1, -1, 1} to the subcarrier index {-28, -27, +27, +28}. The above signal may be used for channel estimation in the frequency domain corresponding to {-28, -27, +27, +28}.

[0190] The transmitting STA may generate the RL-SIG in the same manner as the L-SIG. BPSK modulation may be applied to the RL-SIG. The receiving STA may know whether the RX PPDU is a HE PPDU or an EHT PPDU based on the presence of the RL-SIG.

[0191] Universal SIG (U-SIG) can be inserted in Fig.18 The U-SIG may be referred to by various terms such as a first SIG field, a first SIG, a first type SIG, a control signal, a control signal field, a first (type) control signal, etc.

[0192] The U-SIG may include N bits of information and may include information for identifying the type of the EHT PPDU. For example, the U-SIG may be configured based on two symbols (e.g., two adjacent OFDM symbols). Each symbol of the U-SIG (e.g., OFDM symbol) may have a duration of 4 μs. Each symbol of the U-SIG may be used to send 26 bits of information. For example, each symbol of the U-SIG may be sent / received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.

[0193] For example, through U-SIG (or U-SIG field), A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) may be transmitted. The first symbol of U-SIG may transmit the first X bits of information of A-bit information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits), and the second symbol of U-SIG may transmit the remaining Y bits of information of A-bit information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits). For example, the transmitting STA may obtain 26 uncoded bits included in each U-SIG symbol. The transmitting STA may perform convolutional coding (i.e., BCC coding) based on a rate of R=1 / 2 to generate 52 coded bits, and may perform interleaving on the 52 coded bits. The transmitting STA may perform BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52 coded bits to generate 52 BPSK symbols to be allocated to each U-SIG symbol. In addition to DC index 0, one U-SIG symbol may be transmitted based on 65 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28. The 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA may be transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) except the pilot tones (ie, tones -21, -7, +7, +21).

[0194] For example, the A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) generated by the U-SIG may include a CRC field (e.g., a field having a length of 4 bits) and a tail field (e.g., a field having a length of 6 bits). The CRC field and the tail field may be transmitted through the second symbol of the U-SIG. The CRC field may be generated based on the 26 bits of the first symbol allocated to the U-SIG and the remaining 16 bits of the second symbol excluding the CRC / tail field, and may be generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm. In addition, the tail field may be used to terminate the grid of the convolutional decoder and may be set to, for example, "000000".

[0195] A bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) transmitted by U-SIG (or U-SIG field) may be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits. For example, the version-independent bits may have a fixed size or a variable size. For example, the version-independent bits may be allocated only to the first symbol of the U-SIG, or the version-independent bits may be allocated to both the first symbol and the second symbol of the U-SIG. For example, the version-independent bits and the version-dependent bits may be referred to as various terms such as first control bits, second control bits, etc.

[0196] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 3-bit PHY version identifier. For example, the 3-bit PHY version identifier may include information related to the PHY version of the TX / RX PPDU. For example, the first value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier may indicate that the TX / RX PPDU is an EHT PPDU. In other words, when the transmitting STA transmits an EHT PPDU, the 3-bit PHY version identifier may be set to a first value. In other words, based on the PHY version identifier having a first value, the receiving STA may determine that the RX PPDU is an EHT PPDU.

[0197] For example, the version-independent bit U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL / DL flag field. A first value of the 1-bit UL / DL flag field relates to UL communication, and a second value of the UL / DL flag field relates to DL communication.

[0198] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include information related to the TXOP length and information related to the BSS color ID.

[0199] For example, when the EHT PPDU is divided into various types (for example, various types such as EHT PPDU related to SU mode, EHT PPDU related to MU mode, EHT PPDU related to TB mode, EHT PPDU related to extended range transmission, etc.), information related to the type of the EHT PPDU may be included in the version-related bit of the U-SIG.

[0200] For example, the U-SIG may include: 1) a bandwidth field including information related to the bandwidth; 2) a field including information related to the MCS scheme applied to the EHT-SIG; 3) an indication field including information related to whether a dual subcarrier modulation (DCM) scheme is applied to the EHT-SIG; 4) a field including information related to the number of symbols used for the EHT-SIG; 5) a field including information related to whether the EHT-SIG is generated across the entire frequency band; 6) a field including information related to the type of EHT-LTF / STF; and 7) information related to a field indicating the EHT-LTF length and the CP length.

[0201] Can Fig.18 Preamble puncturing is applied to the PPDU of the primary 20 MHz band. Preamble puncturing means applying puncturing to part of the full band (e.g., the secondary 20 MHz band). For example, when sending an 80 MHz PPDU, the STA may apply puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz band in the 80 MHz band, and may send the PPDU only through the primary 20 MHz band and the secondary 40 MHz band.

[0202] For example, the pattern of preamble puncturing may be preconfigured. For example, when the first puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing may be applied only to the auxiliary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when the second puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing may be applied only to any one of the two auxiliary 20 MHz bands included in the auxiliary 40 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when the third puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing may be applied only to the auxiliary 20 MHz band included in the main 80 MHz band within the 160 MHz band (or the 80+80 MHz band). For example, when the fourth puncturing is applied, puncturing may be applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not belong to the main 40 MHz band in the presence of the main 40 MHz band included in the 80 MHaz band within the 160 MHz band (or the 80+80 MHz band).

[0203] Information related to the preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU may be included in the U-SIG and / or the EHT-SIG. For example, the first field of the U-SIG may include information related to the contiguous bandwidth, and the second field of the U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU.

[0204] For example, based on the following method, the U-SIG and the EHT-SIG may include information related to preamble puncturing. When the bandwidth of the PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, the U-SIG may be configured separately in units of 80 MHz. For example, when the bandwidth of the PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU may include a first U-SIG for a first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for a second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG may include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern). In addition, the first field of the second U-SIG may include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the second U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern). In addition, the EHT-SIG adjacent to the first U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz frequency band (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern), and the EHT-SIG adjacent to the second U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz frequency band (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern).

[0205] Additionally or alternatively, based on the following method, the U-SIG and the EHT-SIG may include information related to preamble puncturing. The U-SIG may include information related to preamble puncturing for all frequency bands (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern). That is, the EHT-SIG may not include information related to preamble puncturing, and only the U-SIG may include information related to preamble puncturing (i.e., information related to the preamble puncturing pattern).

[0206] The U-SIG may be configured in units of 20 MHz. For example, when configuring an 80 MHz PPDU, the U-SIG may be duplicated. That is, four identical U-SIGs may be included in the 80 MHz PPDU. A PPDU with a bandwidth exceeding 80 MHz may include different U-SIGs.

[0207] Fig.18 The EHT-SIG may be included as is Figures 8 to 9 The EHT-SIG may be referred to by various names such as a second SIG field, a second SIG, a second type SIG, a control signal, a control signal field, and a second (type) control signal.

[0208] The EHT-SIG may include N-bit information (eg, 1-bit information) regarding whether the EHT-PPDU supports the SU mode or the MU mode.

[0209] The EHT-SIG may be configured based on various MCS schemes. As described above, information related to the MCS scheme applied to the EHT-SIG may be included in the U-SIG. The EHT-SIG may be configured based on the DCM scheme. For example, among the N data tones (e.g., 52 data tones) allocated to the EHT-SIG, a first modulation scheme may be applied to half of the continuous tones, and a second modulation scheme may be applied to the remaining half of the continuous tones. That is, the transmitting STA may use a first modulation scheme to modulate specific control information using a first symbol and assign it to half of the continuous tones, and may use a second modulation scheme to modulate the same control information using a second symbol and assign it to the remaining half of the continuous tones. As described above, information related to whether the DCM scheme is applied to the EHT-SIG (e.g., a 1-bit field) may be included in the U-SIG. Fig.18 The HE-STF can be used to improve automatic gain control estimation in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) environment or an OFDMA environment. Fig.18 The HE-LTF can be used to estimate channels in a MIMO environment or an OFDMA environment.

[0210] Fig.18The EHT-STF can be set to various types. For example, a first type of STF (e.g., 1x STF) may be generated based on a first type of STF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are arranged at intervals of 16 subcarriers. The STF signal generated based on the first type of STF sequence may have a period of 0.8 μs, and the periodic signal of 0.8 μs may be repeated 5 times to become a first type of STF having a length of 4 μs. For example, a second type of STF (e.g., 2x STF) may be generated based on a second type of STF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are arranged at intervals of 8 subcarriers. The STF signal generated based on the second type of STF sequence may have a period of 1.6 μs, and the periodic signal of 1.6 μs may be repeated 5 times to become a second type of STF having a length of 8 μs. In the following, an example of a sequence for configuring the EHT-STF (i.e., an EHT-STF sequence) is proposed. The following sequence may be modified in various ways.

[0211] The EHT-STF may be configured based on the following sequence M.

[0212] <Formula 1>

[0213] M={-1,-1,-1,1,1,1,-1,1,1,1,-1,1,1,-1,1}

[0214] The EHT-STF for a 20MHz PPDU may be configured based on the following formula. The following example may be a first type (i.e., 1xSTF) sequence. For example, the first type sequence may not be included in a trigger-based (TB) PPDU, but may be included in an EHT-PPDU. In the following formula, (a:b:c) may mean the duration of a b-tone interval (i.e., subcarrier interval) defined as from a tone index (i.e., subcarrier index) "a" to a tone index "c". For example, the following formula 2 may represent a sequence of 16 tone intervals defined as from a tone index -112 to a tone index 112. Since a subcarrier spacing of 78.125kHz is applied to the EHT-STR, the 16-tone interval may mean that the EHT-STF coefficients (or elements) are arranged at intervals of 78.125*16=1250kHz. In addition, * means multiplication, and sqrt() means square root. In addition, j means an imaginary number.

[0215] <Formula 2>

[0216] EHT-STF(-112:16:112)={M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0217] EHT-STF(0)=0

[0218] The EHT-STF for a 40 MHz PPDU may be configured based on the following formula: The following example may be a first type (ie, 1xSTF) sequence.

[0219] <Formula 3>

[0220] EHT-STF(-240:16:240)={M,0,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0221] The EHT-STF for 80MHz PPDU may be configured based on the following formula: The following example may be a first type (ie, 1xSTF) sequence.

[0222] <Formula 4>

[0223] EHT-STF(-496:16:496)={M,1,-M,0,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0224] The EHT-STF for 160MHz PPDU may be configured based on the following formula: The following example may be a first type (ie, 1xSTF) sequence.

[0225] <Formula 5>

[0226] EHT-STF(-1008:16:1008)={M,1,-M,0,-M,1,-M,0,-M,-1,M,0,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0227] In the EHT-STF for 80+80 MHz PPDU, the sequence for the lower 80 MHz may be the same as Equation 4. In the EHT-STF for 80+80 MHz PPDU, the sequence for the upper 80 MHz may be configured based on the following equation.

[0228] <Formula 6>

[0229] EHT-STF(-496:16:496)={-M,-1,M,0,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0230] The following Equations 7 to 11 relate to examples of the second type (ie, 2x STF) sequence.

[0231] <Formula 7>

[0232] EHT-STF(-120:8:120)={M,0,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0233] The EHT-STF for 40 MHz PPDU may be configured based on the following formula.

[0234] <Formula 8>

[0235] EHT-STF(-248:8:248)={M,-1,-M,0,M,-1,M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0236] EHT-STF(-248)=0

[0237] EHT-STF(248)=0

[0238] The EHT-STF for 80 MHz PPDU may be configured based on the following formula.

[0239] <Formula 9>

[0240] EHT-STF(-504:8:504)={M,-1,M,-1,-M,-1,M,0,-M,1,M,1,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0241] The EHT-STF for 160 MHz PPDU may be configured based on the following formula.

[0242] <Formula 10>

[0243] EHT-STF(-1016:16:1016)={M,-1,M,-1,-M,-1,M,0,-M,1,M,1,-M,1,-M,0,-M,1,-M,1,M,1,-M,0,-M,1,M,1,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0244] EHT-STF(-8)=0,EHT-STF(8)=0,

[0245] EHT-STF(-1016)=0,EHT-STF(1016)=0

[0246] In the EHT-STF for 80+80 MHz PPDU, the sequence for the lower 80 MHz may be the same as Equation 9. In the EHT-STF for 80+80 MHz PPDU, the sequence for the upper 80 MHz may be configured based on the following equation.

[0247] <Formula 11>

[0248] EHT-STF(-504:8:504)={-M,1,-M,1,M,1,-M,0,-M,1,M,1,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0249] EHT-STF(-504)=0,

[0250] EHT-STF(504)=0

[0251] The EHT-LTF may have a first type, a second type, and a third type (ie, 1x, 2x, 4x LTF). For example, the first / second / third type LTF may be generated based on an LTF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are arranged at intervals of 4 / 2 / 1 subcarriers. The first / second / third type LTF may have a time length of 3.2 / 6.4 / 12.8 μs. In addition, GIs of various lengths (eg, 0.8 / 1 / 6 / 3.2 μs) may be applied to the first / second / third type LTF.

[0252] Information about the type of STF and / or LTF (including information about the GI applied to the LTF) may be included in Fig.18 SIG-A field and / or SIG-B field, etc.

[0253] Fig.18 The PPDU (e.g., EHT-PPDU) may be based on Figure 5 and Figure 6 to configure the example.

[0254] For example, an EHT PPDU transmitted on a 20 MHz frequency band (ie, a 20 MHz EHT PPDU) may be based on Figure 5 That is, the location of the RUs of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields included in the EHT PPDU may be as follows: Figure 5 OK as shown.

[0255] The EHT PPDU transmitted in the 40 MHz band (ie, 40 MHz EHT PPDU) may be based on Figure 6 That is, the location of the RUs of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields included in the EHT PPDU may be as follows: Figure 6 OK as shown.

[0256] because Figure 6 The RU position corresponds to 40MHz, so when Figure 6 The tone plan for 80 MHz can be determined when the pattern is repeated twice. Figure 7 The RU is Figure 6 The RU repeats the new tone schedule twice to send the 80MHz EHT PPDU.

[0257] when Figure 6When the pattern of is repeated twice, 23 tones (i.e., 11 guard tones + 12 guard tones) may be configured in the DC region. That is, the tone plan of the 80MHz EHT PPDU allocated based on OFDMA may have 23 DC tones. Different from this, the 80MHz EHT PPDU allocated based on non-OFDMA (i.e., non-OFDMA full bandwidth 80MHz PPDU) may be configured based on 996-RU and may include 5 DC tones, 12 left guard tones, and 11 right guard tones.

[0258] The tone plan for 160 / 240 / 320MHz can be Figure 6 The pattern is configured in a manner that is repeated multiple times.

[0259] Fig.18 The PPDU may be determined (or identified) as an EHT PPDU based on the following method.

[0260] The receiving STA may determine the type of the RX PPDU as an EHT PPDU based on the following aspects. For example, 1) when the first symbol after the L-LTF signal of the RX PPDU is a BPSK symbol; 2) when the RL-SIG in which the L-SIG of the RX PPDU is repeated is detected; and 3) when the result of applying "modulo 3" to the value of the length field of the L-SIG of the RX PPDU is detected as "0", the RX PPDU may be determined as an EHT PPDU. When the RX PPDU is determined to be an EHT PPDU, the receiving STA may determine the type of the RX PPDU as an EHT PPDU based on Fig.18 The type of the EHT PPDU (e.g., SU / MU / triggered / extended range type) is detected by bit information included in the symbol after the RL-SIG of the U-SIG. In other words, based on: 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal which is a BPSK symbol; 2) the RL-SIG which is adjacent to the L-SIG field and is the same as the L-SIG; 3) the L-SIG including the length field to which the result of applying "modulo 3" is set to "0"; and 4) the 3-bit PHY version identifier of the above-mentioned U-SIG (e.g., the PHY version identifier having the first value), the receiving STA can determine that the RX PPDU is an EHT PPDU.

[0261] For example, the receiving STA may determine the type of the RX PPDU as the EHT PPDU based on the following aspects. For example, 1) when the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is a BPSK symbol; 2) when the RL-SIG in which the L-SIG is repeated is detected; and 3) when the result of applying "modulo 3" to the value of the length field of the L-SIG is detected as "1" or "2", the RX PPDU may be determined as the HEPPDU.

[0262] For example, the receiving STA may determine the type of the RX PPDU as non-HT, HT, and VHT PPDU based on the following aspects. For example, 1) when the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is a BPSK symbol; and 2) when the RL-SIG in which the L-SIG is repeated is not detected, the RX PPDU may be determined as non-HT, HT, and VHT PPDU. In addition, even if the receiving STA detects RL-SIG repetition, when the result of applying "modulo 3" to the length value of the L-SIG is detected as "0", the RX PPDU may be determined as non-HT, HT, and VHT PPDU.

[0263] In the following examples, signals represented as (TX / RX / UL / DL) signals, (TX / RX / UL / DL) frames, (TX / RX / UL / DL) packets, (TX / RX / UL / DL) data units, (TX / RX / UL / DL) data, etc. may be based on Fig.18 PPDU transmission / reception signal. Fig.18 The PPDU can be used to send / receive various types of frames. For example, Fig.18 The PPDU may be used for control frames. Examples of control frames may include request to send (RTS), clear to send (CTS), power save poll (PS-poll), BlockACKReq, BlockAck, null data packet (NDP) notification, and trigger frames. For example, Fig.18 The PPDU may be used for management frames. Examples of management frames may include beacon frames, (re)association request frames, (re)association response frames, probe request frames, and probe response frames. For example, Fig.18 The PPDU can be used for data frames. For example, Fig.18 The PPDU may be used to simultaneously transmit at least two or more of a control frame, a management frame, and a data frame.

[0264] Fig.19 An example of a modified transmitting device and / or receiving device of the present specification is shown.

[0265] Figure 1 Each device / STA of sub-graph (a) / (b) can be Fig.19 Modifications shown. Fig.19 The transceiver 630 can be used with Figure 1 The transceivers 113 and 123 are the same. Fig.19 The transceiver 630 may include a receiver and a transmitter.

[0266] Fig.19 The processor 610 can be used with Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 are the same. Alternatively, Fig.19 The processor 610 can be used with Figure 1The processing chips 114 and 124 are the same.

[0267] Fig.19 The memory 620 can be connected with Figure 1 The memories 112 and 122 are the same. Alternatively, Fig.19 The memory 620 may be Figure 1 The memories 112 and 122 are different separate external memories.

[0268] Reference Fig.19 , power management module 611 manages power for processor 610 and / or transceiver 630. Battery 612 supplies power to power management module 611. Display 613 outputs results processed by processor 610. Keypad 614 receives input to be used by processor 610. Keypad 614 may be displayed on display 613. SIM card 615 may be an integrated circuit for securely storing an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and its associated keys, which are used to identify and authenticate users on mobile telephony devices such as mobile phones and computers.

[0269] Reference Fig.19 The speaker 640 may output a result related to the sound processed by the processor 610. The microphone 641 may receive an input related to the sound to be used by the processor 610.

[0270] In the following description, the EHT standard or a PPDU according to the EHT standard may be described.

[0271] In order to provide a higher data rate than 802.11ax, the EHT standard may be proposed. The EHT standard may support wide bandwidth (e.g., a bandwidth of 320 MHz or more), 16 streams and / or multi-link (or multi-band) operations. Therefore, in order to support a transmission method based on the EHT standard, a new frame format may be used. When a signal is sent using a new frame format via the 2.4 / 5 / 6 GHz band, not only a receiver that supports the EHT standard, but also a traditional Wi-Fi receiver (or STA) (e.g., a receiver according to 802.11n / ac / ax) may receive an EHT signal (e.g., a wake-up radio (WUR) signal) sent via the 2.4 / 5 / 6 GHz band. For example, when a traditional Wi-Fi receiver (or STA) erroneously detects a received EHT signal (e.g., a WUR signal), the traditional Wi-Fi receiver may identify / identify the received EHT signal as a signal (or packet) sent to a traditional Wi-Fi receiver. Therefore, the traditional Wi-Fi receiver decodes the received EHT signal, and thus may waste power.

[0272] Hereinafter, when the EHT standard supports backward compatibility with legacy Wi-Fi, an embodiment of configuring an 11be preamble (a preamble based on the 802.11be standard (EHT)) may be proposed to prevent detection errors.

[0273] The preamble of the PPDU based on the EHT standard may be configured differently. Hereinafter, an implementation of configuring the preamble of the PPDU based on the EHT standard may be described. In addition, an implementation of performing group indication by the preamble of the PPDU based on the EHT standard may also be described. Hereinafter, the PPDU based on the EHT standard may be described as the EHT PPDU. However, the EHT PPDU is not limited to the EHT standard. The EHT PPDU may include not only a PPDU based on 802.11be (ie, the EHT standard), but also a PPDU based on a new standard that is advanced / evolved / extended from 802.11be.

[0274] Fig. 20 The format of the EHT PPDU is shown.

[0275] Reference Fig. 20 The EHT PPDU 2000 may be configured using a frame format of a PPDU based on 802.11ax. The EHT PPDU 2000 may include an L part 2010 and an EHT part 2020.

[0276] In order to coexist with a legacy STA (STA according to 802.11n / ac / ax), the EHT PPDU 2000 may be configured in a structure in which the L part 2010 is first transmitted before the EHT part 2020 .

[0277] According to an embodiment, the EHT part 2020 may include an RL-SIG, an EHT control field (eg, a U-SIG (not shown), an EHT-SIG, an EHT-STF, and / or an EHT-LTF), and an EHT data field.

[0278] According to an embodiment, the EHT part 2020 may include an RL-SIG, an early indication symbol (detection symbol), an EHT control field (eg, U-SIG (not shown), EHT-SIG, EHT-STF, and EHT-LTF), and an EHT data field.

[0279] although Fig. 20 An example in which RL-SIG is used for a symbol following L-SIG is shown, but RL-SIG may be referred to by various terms.

[0280] In the following, a specific example of the preamble of the EHT PPDU may be described. In order to support coexistence and backward compatibility with a legacy system (a system according to 802.11n / ac / ax) that is already in operation, the EHT PPDU may be newly configured and sent. In this case, false packet detection by a third-party device (e.g., a STA according to 802.11n / ac / ax) may be reduced by the preamble of the EHT PPDU. In addition, a packet indication may be performed for the EHT PPDU by the preamble of the EHT PPDU. For example, a STA supporting the EHT standard (hereinafter, an EHT STA) may identify that the received PPDU is a PPDU based on the EHT standard based on the preamble of the received EHT PPDU. In the following, a specific example of the preamble of the EHT PPDU may be described with reference to the first to fifth embodiments.

[0281] First embodiment

[0282] According to the first embodiment, in the EHT standard, the frame format according to 802.11ax may be reused. However, in the EHT standard, 11be grouping indication may be performed by the value of the length field. That is, the STA (or receiving STA) according to the EHT standard may recognize that the format of the received PPDU is the EHT PPDU based on the value of the length field.

[0283] Fig.21 Another format of the EHT PPDU is shown.

[0284] Reference Fig.21 , the EHT PPDU 2100 may include an L-STF 2110, an L-LTF 2120, an L-SIG 2130, an RL-SIG 2140, an EHT-SIG 2150, an EHT-SIG 2160, an EHT-STF 2170, an EHT-LTF 2180, and / or EHT data 2190. The EHT PPDU 2100 may be associated with Fig.18 For example, EHT-SIG 2150 may be associated with Fig.18 The U-SIG shown is related.

[0285] According to an embodiment, the EHT PPDU 2100 may include the RL-SIG 2140 repeating the L-SIG 2130 after the L-SIG 2130 as in 802.11ax. In addition, the length fields of the L-SIG 2130 and the RL-SIG 2140 in the frame format of the EHT PPDU 2100 may be configured as follows for packet classification.

[0286] 1. According to an embodiment, the length field may be set to a value that satisfies a remainder of zero when the value of the length field is divided by 3. That is, the value of the length field may be set to a value that generates 0 in a modulo (or modulo) operation with 3. The value of the length field may be set using a formula according to 802.11ax. The value of the length field may be set by Formula 13.

[0287] <Formula 13>

[0288]

[0289] Referring to Formula 13, the value of the length field may be set based on the transmission length (TXTIME) of the EHT PPDU 2100. In addition, the value of the signal extension may be set when signal extension is applied. For example, when signal extension is applied, the value of the signal extension may be set to 0 μs in 5 GHz or 6 GHz. In addition, when signal extension is applied, the value of the signal extension may be set to 6 μs in 2.4 GHz. The operation may be referred to as ceil(x). The operation may refer to the smallest integer equal to or greater than x.

[0290] 2. According to an embodiment, BPSK modulation may be applied to the L-SIG 2130, the RL-SIG 2140, and / or the EHT-SIG 2150 and 2160. In addition, the L-SIG 2130, the RL-SIG 2140, and / or the EHT-SIG 2150 and 2160 may be configured by applying BCC 1 / 2. According to an embodiment, dual carrier modulation (DCM) may be applied to the EHT PPDU 2100.

[0291] As described above, the EHT PPDU may be transmitted by setting the value of the length field included in the L-SIG and the RL-SIG to be different from that in 802.11ax. In this case, an error in that a STA according to 802.11n / ac / ax operating in the 5 GHz UNII band recognizes the EHT PPDU as a frame transmitted to the STA may be reduced.

[0292] 1.802.11n STA (hereinafter, 11n STA) can measure the constellation of two symbols after L-SIG for packet classification. In this case, when both constellations of the two symbols are QBPSK, the 11n STA can determine the received packet (or PPDU) as its packet (i.e., PPDU of the 11n standard (hereinafter, 11n PPDU)). Therefore, when the RL-SIG symbol and the EHT-SIG symbol, which are symbols after L-SIG in the EHT PPDU, are configured with BPSK symbols, the 11n STA does not recognize the constellation of the two symbols as QBPSK when checking the constellation, and thus does not recognize the EHT PPDU (or EHT frame) as the 11n PPDU (or 11n frame). Therefore, when the RL-SIG symbol and the EHT-SIG symbol, which are symbols after L-SIG, are configured with BPSK symbols, the 11n STA can be prevented from mistaking the EHT PPDU for the 11n PPDU.

[0293] 2.802.11ac STA (hereinafter, 11ac STA) can measure the constellation of the two symbols after L-SIG for packet classification. In this case, when the constellation of the two symbols is BPSK and QBPSK, the 11ac STA can determine the received packet (or PPDU) as its packet (i.e., the PPDU of the 11ac standard (hereinafter, 11n PPDU)). Therefore, as described above, when the RL-SIG symbol and the EHT-SIG symbol, which are the symbols after L-SIG in the EHT PPDU, are configured with BPSK symbols, the 11ac STA can be prevented from mistaking the EHT PPDU for the 11ac PPDU. That is, when receiving the EHT PPDU, the 11ac STA can recognize the constellation mapping of the two symbols after L-SIG. The 11ac STA can recognize that the two symbols after L-SIG are configured with BPSK. Therefore, the 11ac STA can recognize that the constellation mapping of the two symbols (RL-SIG symbol and EHT-SIG symbol) does not match the constellation mapping of the 11ac PPDU. Therefore, the 11ac STA can recognize that the received PPDU is not a 11ac PPDU.

[0294] 3.802.11ax STA (hereinafter, 11ax STA) can perform a two-step verification process (duplicate check and L-SIG content check) for packet classification. First, the 11ax STA can identify / check whether the L-SIG is repeated. Then, when the RL-SIG symbol is sent after the L-SIG, the 11ax STA can complete the duplicate check.

[0295] Next, the 11ax STA may perform an L-SIG content check. For example, the 11ax STA may recognize that the result of applying "modulo 3" to the length fields of L-SIG and RL-SIG is set to "0". In the 11ax PPDU (hereinafter, 11ax PPDU), the result of applying "modulo 3" to the length fields of L-SIG and RL-SIG may be set to "1" or "2". Therefore, the 11ax STA may recognize that the result of performing the L-SIG content check on the received PPDU has failed. When receiving the EHT PPDU, the 11ax STA may not determine the EHT PPDU as a 11ax PPDU (or 11ax frame). That is, false detections can be reduced by performing two-step verification.

[0296] As described above, the frame format according to 802.11ax is used for the EHT PPDU as is, thereby simplifying the implementation. That is, the use of the frame format according to 802.11ax facilitates the implementation. However, since the EHT packet is determined by content inspection after the duplication check, the detection may take longer than the conventional detection.

[0297] 4. When receiving an EHT PPDU (or EHT frame), the EHT STA may identify / check whether the L-SIG and RL-SIG are repeated in the same manner as the 11ax STA. Subsequently, the EHT STA may determine whether the value of the length field of the L-SIG is divisible by 3, thereby determining whether the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU (or EHT frame). In addition, the EHT STA may combine the RL-SIG and the L-SIG, and then may determine / determine whether the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU (or EHT frame). The EHT STA may improve the reception performance of the L-SIG by combining the RL-SIG and the L-SIG. According to an embodiment, the combined processing may be performed according to time or frequency. For example, the combined processing may be performed after a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to improve performance.

[0298] Second embodiment

[0299] According to the second embodiment, the RL-SIG of the EHTP PDU may be configured by modifying the L-SIG bit or by applying polarization to the RL-SIG.

[0300] Similar to Fig.21 In the EHT PPDU 2100 shown, in the EHT PPDU, the field after the L-SIG may be configured as the RL-SIG. In addition, the value of the length field of the L-SIG may be set to a value divisible by 3. In this case, an example of the RL-SIG may be described below.

[0301] 1. The data bits applied to the RL-SIG may be configured differently. For example, the data bits applied to the RL-SIG may be configured using the L-SIG data bits. The data bits applied to the RL-SIG may be configured according to the following embodiments A to C.

[0302] 1-A. The data bits applied to the RL-SIG may be configured as complementary bits of the L-SIG data bits.

[0303] 1-Ai) For example, the 24 data bits of the L-SIG may be configured as {1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 ······11 0}. The data bits of the RL-SIG may be configured as {0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 ······0 0 1}. In this case, a maximum Euclidean distance may be set between the two pieces of data.

[0304] 1-A-ii) For example, when complementary bits are configured, a complementary operation (or complementary processing) may be applied only to the remaining bits except for the length field of the L-SIG. Therefore, as described above, even if a complementary operation is applied, the value of the length field may be set to be divisible by 3.

[0305] 1-A-iii) For example, the complementary bits of the length field may also be set to a number divisible by 3. In this case, the RL-SIG may be configured by applying a complementary operation to all bits of the L-SIG.

[0306] 1-B. The RL-SIG may be configured using data bits generated by an exclusive OR operation of the data bits of the L-SIG and a designated (or specific) bit or sequence.

[0307] 1-Bi) For example, a specific bit may be configured with one bit (eg, 1 or 0). Therefore, the RL-SIG may be configured with a data bit generated by an exclusive-OR operation of this bit and the L-SIG data bit.

[0308] 1-B-ii) In another example, the RL-SIG may be configured using data bits generated / formed by an exclusive OR operation with a 24-bit sequence, a 12-bit sequence, or a sequence including bits having a length corresponding to the remaining bits excluding the length field.

[0309] For example, when an XOR operation is performed based on a 12-bit sequence, the 12-bit sequence may be configured as [1 0 0 0 0 10 1 0 1 1 1].

[0310] In another example, the sequence of bits except the length field and the 24-bit sequence may be generated by repeating a 12-bit sequence. In another example, the sequence of bits except the length field and the 24-bit sequence may be configured using a sequence that minimizes PAPR.

[0311] 1-C. Different from the above embodiment, in order to configure the RL-SIG, BPSK modulation may be performed on the same data as the L-SIG. Then, each modulated signal may be multiplied by a specific polarization (eg, -1) to configure the RL-SIG.

[0312] 2. Configuring the RL-SIG through the above-mentioned embodiment makes it possible to reduce false alarms of the legacy STA (11n / 11ac / 11ax STA) when transmitting the EHT PPDU (or EHT frame).

[0313] 2-A. In 802.11n and 802.11ac, all constellations of two symbols after L-SIG are set to BPSK. Therefore, according to the above embodiment, when 11n STA and 11ac STA receive EHT frames, the EHT frames can be prevented from being falsely detected as 11n PPDU or 11ac PPDU. That is, the above embodiment can prevent 11n STA from erroneously determining EHT PPDU as 11n PPDU. In addition, the above embodiment can prevent 11ac STA from erroneously determining EHT PPDU as 11ac PPDU.

[0314] 2-B. When receiving the EHT PPDU, the 11ax STA can identify that the RL-SIG is not configured with the same bit as the L-SIG or by applying a different polarization through a repetition check. That is, in the 11ax STA, the EHT PPDU may not pass the repetition check. Therefore, the error of the 11ax STA determining the EHT PPDU as the 11ax PPDU can be reduced. In addition, since the value of the length field of the L-SIG is set to a value divisible by 3, even if the EHT PPDU passes the repetition check, the 11ax STA can determine in the content check that the EHT PPDU is not a 11ax PPDU. Therefore, the false detection error of the 11ax STA can be reduced.

[0315] Third embodiment

[0316] According to the third embodiment, the EHT PPDU (or EHT frame) may be configured to include a symbol including information on a frame format after the RL-SIG.

[0317] Fig. 22 Another format of the EHT PPDU is shown.

[0318] Reference Fig. 22 , the EHT PPDU 2200 may include an L-STF 2210, an L-LTF 2220, an L-SIG 2230, an RL-SIG 2240, an Ind_symbol 2250, an EHT-STF 2260, an EHT-LTF 2270, and / or EHT data 2280. The EHT PPDU 2200 may be Fig.18 Ind_symbol 2250 can be related to the PPDU shown. Fig.18 The U-SIG shown is related.

[0319] According to an embodiment, the value of the length field of the L-SIG 2230 may be set to a value divisible by 3. That is, the value of the length field may be set to a value that generates 0 in a modulo (or modulo) operation with 3.

[0320] For the third embodiment, the Fig. 22 Frame structure of the EHT PPDU 2200. Hereinafter, an example in which a symbol after the RL-SIG (eg, Ind_symbol 2250) is configured for EHT packet classification may be described.

[0321] 1. In the third embodiment, the symbol after the RL-SIG may include a symbol related to the EHT PPDU (or EHT packet). The symbol may be called differently. For example, the symbol may be called an indicator symbol (or a detection symbol). The indicator symbol is for illustration, and the symbol may be called otherwise. In the following, for convenience of description, the symbol may be called Ind_symbol (indicator symbol).

[0322] 2. According to an implementation, BPSK constellation mapping may be applied to Ind_symbol.

[0323] 3. According to an embodiment, Ind_symbol may be configured as a bit for information related to a packet and / or early indication information. According to an embodiment, Ind_symbol may be configured to indicate a sequence of information related to a packet and / or early indication information. That is, Ind_symbol may include information related to a packet and early indication information. For example, Ind_symbol may be configured using bit information including information related to a packet and early indication information. In another example, Ind_symbol may be configured using a sequence including information related to a packet and early indication information.

[0324] 3-A. For example, the information bits included in Ind_symbol (or one symbol) may include various types of information. Examples of the information included in the information bits may be described below.

[0325] 3-Ai) Information related to grouping indication

[0326] According to an embodiment, the information related to the grouping indication may be set to two bits or four bits.

[0327] 3-Aia) For advanced systems after the EHT standard (ie, for future expansion), the information related to the grouping indication may be set to a maximum of four bits. The STA transmitting the EHT PPDU (hereinafter, the transmitting STA) may use bits (two to four bits) including the information related to the grouping indication to transmit information related to the grouping (or PPDU).

[0328] 3-Aib) Transmitting information related to the grouping indication first enables a STA (hereinafter, a receiving STA) receiving an EHT packet (or EHT PPDU) to quickly determine which packet the received packet (or PPDU) is. Therefore, the power consumption of the receiving STA can be reduced.

[0329] 3-A-ii) Information about BSS color

[0330] 3-A-ii-a) The receiving STA may determine whether the received packet is a BSS packet or an OBSS packet.

[0331] 3-A-ii-b) Information related to BSS color can be configured as 6 to 11 bits of information.

[0332] 3-A-ii-c) In order to enable the receiving STA to quickly determine the OBSS, the information related to the BSS color may be sent before the information related to the grouping indication. Therefore, when configuring the information bit, the information related to the BSS color may be placed first.

[0333] 3-A-iii) Information related to bandwidth (BW)

[0334] 3-A-iii-a) In order to signal the overhead of using a wide bandwidth considered in future extensions and EHT standards, Ind_symbol (or information bits) may include information related to the wide bandwidth.

[0335] 3-A-iii-b) Information related to bandwidth (BW) information can be configured as one-bit to two-bit information.

[0336] For example, information related to bandwidth (BW) may be configured as one-bit information. When this one-bit information is set to a first value (e.g., "0"), the one-bit information may refer to a bandwidth less than (or less than or equal to) 160 MHz. When the one-bit information is set to a second value (e.g., "1"), the one-bit information may refer to a bandwidth equal to or greater than (or greater than) 160 MHz.

[0337] In another example, information related to bandwidth (BW) may be configured as two-bit information. When the two-bit information is set to a first value (e.g., "00"), the 2-bit information may refer to a bandwidth of 160 MHz. When the two-bit information is set to a second value (e.g., "01"), the 2-bit information may refer to a bandwidth of 240 MHz. When the two-bit information is set to a third value (e.g., "10"), the 2-bit information may refer to a bandwidth of 320 MHz. A fourth value (e.g., "11") may be set as reserved.

[0338] 3-A-iii) Information related to CRC and / or information related to parity bits

[0339] The information related to the CRC may be configured as four-bit information. The information related to the parity bit may be configured as one-bit information.

[0340] 3-A-iii-a) The information bits may include CRC or parity bits such as L-SIG for error detection of the information bits.

[0341] 3-A-iii-b) Ind_symbol (or information bits) may include tail bits. The tail bits may be configured as six bits of information.

[0342] 3-B. Ind_symbol may include one OFDM symbol. Ind_symbol may be located after RL-SIG and before EHT-SIG in the EHT frame (or EHT PPDU). That is, Ind_symbol may be adjacent to RL-SIG. EHT-SIG may be adjacent to Ind_symbol.

[0343] 4. As described in the above example, false detection of legacy STAs can be reduced by transmitting Ind_symbol including information related to grouping indication in the EHT frame.

[0344] 4-A. When receiving the EHT PPDU, the 11n STA and the 11ac STA may receive two OFDM symbols modulated with BPSK after the L-SIG. The 11n STA and the 11ac STA may perform packet classification based on the two OFDM symbols.

[0345] For example, according to 802.11n, two symbols after L-SIG in a 11n PPDU are both set to QBPSK. Therefore, a 11n STA may not determine an EHT PPDU as a 11n PPDU when performing a constellation mapping check.

[0346] For example, according to 802.11ac, two symbols after L-SIG in the 11ac PPDU are set to BPSK and QBPSK. Therefore, the 11ac STA may not determine the EHT PPDU as the 11ac PPDU when performing constellation mapping check.

[0347] Therefore, false detection of 11n STA and 11ac STA can be reduced.

[0348] 4-B. In the 11ax STA, the EHT PPDU passes the duplication check but fails the content check. Specifically, in the EHT PPDU, the length field is set to a value divisible by 3, so the 11ax STA may not determine the EHT PPDU as a 11ax PPDU. Therefore, false alarms of the 11ax STA can be reduced.

[0349] 4-C. The EHT STA may determine whether the received PPDU is a 11ax PPDU by duplication check and content check in the same manner as the 11ax STA. In addition, the EHT STA may determine whether the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU using information related to the grouping indication included in the Ind_symbol after the RL-SIG.

[0350] 5. For range extension or reliable sensitivity, Ind_symbol can be configured with a signal that repeats in time or frequency within one symbol.

[0351] 5-A. Example of configuring Ind_symbol with a signal that repeats over time

[0352] 5-Ai) In order to configure symbols with the same repetitive signal within one symbol, the transmitting STA may transmit data with a spacing of two carriers (or subcarriers) according to frequency.

[0353] 5-A-ii) In this case, the information bits transmitted through Ind_symbol may include a packet indication bit, CRC, and tail bits for the EHT PPDU (or EHT frame).

[0354] 5-B. Example of configuring Ind_symbol with a signal that repeats according to frequency

[0355] 5-Bi)Ind_symbol can be configured by applying dual carrier modulation applied to the 802.11ax standard.

[0356] 5-B-ii) In this case, the information bits transmitted through Ind_symbol may include a packet indication bit, CRC, and tail bits for the EHT PPDU (or EHT frame).

[0357] 5-C. As described in the above example, Ind_symbol after RL-SIG may be configured with a symbol including a signal repeated according to time or frequency, thereby increasing the reliability of the EHT PPDU.

[0358] 6. Different from the above example, Ind_symbol can be configured with a signature sequence for grouping indications.

[0359] 6-A. The signature sequence may include a time sequence or a frequency sequence.

[0360] 6-Ai) The transmitting STA may use the signature sequence to indicate information related to the packet. That is, the signature sequence may include information related to the packet.

[0361] 6-A-ii) The signature sequence can be configured with a sequence having a longer Euclidean distance in order to reduce sequence detection errors. Here, the signature sequence can be configured using a sequence having good correlation properties (eg, a PN-sequence, an ML sequence, or an orthogonal sequence).

[0362] 6-B. Since Ind_symbol is configured using a signature sequence, the receiving STA can perform correlation detection and / or sequence detection by decoding the symbol after RL-SIG in the received signal. The receiving STA can determine whether the received signal is an EHT PPDU based on correlation detection and / or sequence detection.

[0363] Fourth embodiment

[0364] According to the fourth embodiment, the EHT-SIG symbol may be transmitted after the RL-SIG in the EHT PPDU.

[0365] Fig.23 Another format of the EHT PPDU is shown.

[0366] Reference Fig.23 , the EHT PPDU 2300 may include an L-STF 2310, an L-LTF 2320, an L-SIG 2330, an RL-SIG 2340, an EHT-SIG 2350, an EHT-SIG 2360, an EHT-STF 2370, an EHT-LTF 2380, and / or EHT data 2390. The EHT PPDU 2300 may be Fig.18 EHT-SIG 2350 can be used with Fig.18 The U-SIG shown is related.

[0367] According to an embodiment, the EHT-SIG 2350 may be immediately after the RL-SIG 2340. That is, the EHT-SIG 2350 may be adjacent to the RL-SIG 2340. The symbols of the EHT-SIG 2350 and 2360 may include grouping indication information (or information related to grouping indication). According to an embodiment, the number of symbols of the EHT-SIG 2350 and 2360 is for illustration, and the number of symbols of the EHT-SIG 2350 and 2360 may be set differently. For example, the number of symbols of the EHT-SIG 2350 and 2360 may be three or more. Specifically, the EHT-SIG 2350 may be set to two symbols. In addition, the EHT-SIG 2360 may be set to at least one symbol.

[0368] For the fourth embodiment, the Fig.23 The frame structure of the EHT PPDU 2300 of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2. Hereinafter, field information of the EHT PPDU according to the fourth embodiment may be described. The EHT-SIG to be described below may refer to Fig.23 At least one of the EHT-SIG 2350 and / or the EHT-SIG 2360.

[0369] 1. In the EHT PPDU (or EHT frame), the values ​​of the length fields of L-SIG and RL-SIG may be set to values ​​divisible by 3. That is, the values ​​of the length fields of L-SIG and RL-SIG may be set so that the result of applying "modulo 3" is 0.

[0370] 2. The EHT-SIG may be configured by including information related to the grouping indication. The information related to the grouping indication may be used for early detection in the receiving STA. One symbol of the EHT-SIG may include information related to the grouping indication for early detection.

[0371] 2-A. For example, the EHT SIGA included in the EHT-SIG may include "EHT-SIGA-early" configured with one OFDM symbol including the grouping indication and "EHT-SIGA" including the common information. In the EHT-SIG (or EHT SIGA), the information bits may be configured so that the information related to the grouping indication may be located first.

[0372] 2-B. EHT-SIGA-early may be encoded and configured separately. EHT-SIGA-early may be configured to include CRC / parity+tail bits. For example, EHT-SIGA-early may include CRC bits and tail bits. In another example, EHT-SIGA-early may include parity bits and tail bits.

[0373] 2-C. EHT-SIGA-early (or EHT-SIGA-early symbol) may be configured using the information included in Ind_symbol in the third embodiment described above.

[0374] 2-D. EHT-SIGA-early may be configured by applying Example 5 of the third embodiment described above. For example, EHT-SIGA-early may be configured such that a signal is repeated in time or frequency for robust transmission or range extension.

[0375] According to the fourth embodiment, the EHT-SIGA-early sent immediately after the RL-SIG may be sent after being modulated by BPSK. Therefore, the false detection probability of a conventional STA (e.g., a 11n STA or a 11ac STA) may be reduced. The data bits of the EHT-SIGA-early may be configured differently from the HE-SIGA field. For example, the data bits of the EHT-SIGA-early may be designed to have a longer Euclidean distance from the HE-SIGA field. Therefore, when the 11ax STA decodes the symbol of the EHT-SIGA-early, the error of determining the EHT-SIGA-early as the HE-SIGA may be avoided. That is, false detection of the 11ax STA may be reduced.

[0376] Fifth embodiment

[0377] Unlike the above-described embodiments, in embodiments other than the first embodiment, the length field of the L-SIG may be set to a value such that the remainder obtained by dividing the length field by 3 is 1 or 2 as in the 802.11ax standard. Here, the 11ax STA and the EHT STA may perform packet detection by the following embodiments. Hereinafter, an example in which the remainder obtained by dividing the value of the length field of the L-SIG by 3 is set to 1 or 2 in the second to fourth embodiments will be described.

[0378] 1. When the second embodiment is applied

[0379] According to the second embodiment, the RL-SIG may not have a structure in which the L-SIG is repeated. Therefore, the legacy STA and / or the EHTSTA may distinguish packets using a repetition check and a bit pattern or polarization of the RL-SIG.

[0380] 1-A. For example, when receiving an EHT PPDU (EHT packet), the 11ax STA may perform a duplication check. The 11ax STA may determine that the L-SIG and the RL-SIG are not repeated based on the duplication check, and may not decode the EHT PPDU.

[0381] 1-B. For example, when receiving an EHT PPDU (EHT packet), the EHT STA may perform a duplication check using a sequence or polarization applied to the RL-SIG. When the L-SIG is repeated in the RL-SIG, the EHT STA may determine the EHT PPDU as an EHT PPDU.

[0382] 2. When the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment are applied

[0383] According to the third embodiment and / or the fourth embodiment, when receiving the EHT PPDU (or EHT packet), the 11axSTA may perform a duplication check and a content check. The 11ax STA may determine the received EHT PPDU as the 11ax PPDU. Therefore, the 11ax STA may decode the EHT PPDU. The 11ax STA may determine the field after the RL-SIG as the HE-SIGA and may decode the field. However, in the EHT PPDU, the symbol after the RL-SIG is configured differently from the HE-SIGA. In the 11axSTA, the EHT PPDU may not pass the CRC check. Therefore, after failing to decode the HE-SIGA, the 11ax STA may set the NAV to be as long as the length (or time) of the EHT PPDU obtained / identified by the length field.

[0384] 2-A. EHT STA may perform duplication check and contention check in the same manner as 11ax STA. EHT STA may decode one symbol and may identify / obtain information related to grouping indication. EHT STA may determine whether the received signal is an EHT PPDU based on the information related to grouping indication.

[0385] 2-B. Since both 11ax STA and EHT STA determine the packet (packet format) based on packet classification and data decoding according to 802.11ax, detection may take longer time. In addition, unnecessary power consumption may occur.

[0386] Fig.24 is a flow chart showing the operation of a transmitting STA.

[0387] Reference Fig.24 In S2410, the transmitting STA (eg, STAs 110 and 120) may generate an EHT PPDU. According to an embodiment, the EHT PPDU may include various fields. For example, the EHT PPDU may include an L-SIG field and an RL-SIG field. In one example, the RL-SIG field may be adjacent to the L-SIG field.

[0388] According to an embodiment, the RL-SIG field may be configured so that the L-SIG field is repeated. For example, the RL-SIG field includes the same information as the L-SIG field and may be modulated by the same method as the L-SIG field. BPSK modulation may be applied to the L-SIG field and the RL-SIG field.

[0389] In another example, the RL-SIG field may include the same information as the L-SIG field, but may be configured differently therefrom. In an example, the RL-SIG field may be configured to form the complementary bits of the bits of the L-SIG field. In another example, the RL-SIG field may be configured to form the result of an exclusive-OR operation of the bits of the L-SIG field and a specific bit or sequence.

[0390] According to an embodiment, the transmitting STA may set the value of the length field of the L-SIG field based on the transmission time of the EHT PPDU. For example, the transmitting STA may set the value of the length field based on the above formula 13. For example, the result of applying "modulo 3" to the value of the length field of the L-SIG field may be set to "0".

[0391] According to an embodiment, the EHT PPDU may include a universal signal field. For example, the universal signal field may include U-SIG. For example, the universal signal field may include control information related to the EHT PPDU.

[0392] In an example, the general signal field may include information related to the type of the EHT PPDU. The general signal field may include information indicating that the EHT PPDU is a PPDU based on the EHT standard. The information related to the type of the EHT PPDU may be configured as three-bit information.

[0393] In another example, the general signal field may include information related to a basic service set (BSS) color or information related to a bandwidth.

[0394] In S2420, the transmitting STA may transmit the EHT PPDU. According to an embodiment, the transmitting STA may transmit the EHT PPDU to the receiving STA.

[0395] Fig.25 is a flow chart showing the operation of a receiving STA.

[0396] Reference Fig.25 In S2510, a receiving STA (eg, STAs 110 and 120) may receive a PPDU. According to an embodiment, the PPDU may include an L-SIG field.

[0397] In S2520 , the receiving STA may determine the type of the PPDU based on whether the L-SIG field is repeated and a “modulo 3 operation” on the value of the length field.

[0398] According to an embodiment, the type of PPDU may include a legacy type, a HE type, and an EHT type. The legacy type PPDU may be a legacy PPDU. The HE type PPDU may be a HE PPDU. The EHT type PPDU may be an EHT PPDU.

[0399] According to an embodiment, the EHT type PPDU may include an RL-SIG field in which the L-SIG field is repeated. The RL-SIG field may be adjacent to the L-SIG. The RL-SIG field may include the same information field as the L-SIG field.

[0400] According to an embodiment, the receiving STA may determine / detect whether the L-SIG field is repeated. The receiving STA may determine the type of the PPDU based on whether the L-SIG field is repeated. For example, in order to determine whether the L-SIG field is repeated, the receiving STA may determine whether the L-SIG field and the RL-SIG field are the same.

[0401] For example, in the received PPDU, the L-SIG field may not be repeated. When the L-SIG field is not repeated, the PPDU received by the receiving STA may be determined as a legacy type PPDU (legacy PPDU).

[0402] For example, in the received PPDU, the L-SIG field may be repeated. That is, the L-SIG field and the RL-SIG field may be set identically. When the L-SIG field is repeated, the PPDU received by the receiving STA may be determined as a HE type PPDU (HE PPDU) or an EHT type PPDU (EHT PPDU).

[0403] In an example, the RL-SIG field may include the same information as the L-SIG field and may be modulated by the same method as the L-SIG field. BPSK modulation may be applied to the L-SIG field and the RL-SIG field.

[0404] In another example, the RL-SIG field may include the same information as the L-SIG field, but may be configured differently therefrom. In an example, the RL-SIG field may be configured to form the complementary bits of the bits of the L-SIG field. In another example, the RL-SIG field may be configured to form the result of an exclusive-OR operation of the bits of the L-SIG field and a specific bit or sequence.

[0405] The legacy type PPDU (legacy PPDU) may refer to PPDUs of various standards. For example, the legacy PPDU may include a non-high throughput (non-HT) PPDU, a high throughput (HT) PPDU, or a very high throughput (VHT) PPDU.

[0406] According to an embodiment, the receiving STA may determine the type of the PPDU based on a "modulo 3 operation" on the value of the length field. For example, the value of the length field may be set based on the transmission time of the PPDU. In one example, the value of the length field may be set based on the above formula 13.

[0407] For example, the PPDU may be determined as a HE PPDU whose result of the "modulo 3 operation" has a value of "1" or "2". That is, the type of the PPDU may be determined as the HE type of the PPDU whose result of the "modulo 3 operation" is "1" or "2".

[0408] In another example, the PPDU may be determined as an EHT PPDU whose result of the “modulo 3 operation” is “0.” That is, the type of the PPDU may be determined as an HE type of the PPDU whose result of the “modulo 3 operation” is “0.”

[0409] According to an embodiment, the receiving STA may perform a "modulo 3 operation" on the value of the length field. For example, the receiving STA may recognize that the result of the operation is "0". The receiving STA may recognize that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the result of the "modulo 3" operation. That is, the receiving STA may recognize that the type of the received PPDU is an EHT type based on the result of the "modulo 3" operation. In another example, the receiving STA may recognize that the result of the operation is "1" or "2". The receiving STA may recognize that the received PPDU is an HE PPDU based on the result of the "modulo 3 operation". That is, the receiving STA may recognize that the type of the received PPDU is an HE type based on the result of the "modulo 3" operation.

[0410] According to an embodiment, the received PPDU may include a universal signal field. For example, the EHT PPDU may include a universal signal field. For example, the universal signal field may include a U-SIG. For example, the universal signal field may include control information related to the PPDU.

[0411] In an example, the general signal field may include information related to the type of the PPDU. The general signal field may include information indicating that the PPDU is a PPDU based on the EHT standard. The information related to the type of the PPDU may be configured as three-bit information.

[0412] In another example, the general signal field may include information related to a basic service set (BSS) color or information related to bandwidth.

[0413] In S2530, the receiving STA may decode the PPDU. According to an embodiment, the receiving STA may determine the received PPDU as an EHT PPDU. That is, the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as an EHT type. The receiving STA may decode the received PPDU based on the EHT type.

[0414] The above technical features of this specification can be applied to various devices and methods. For example, the above technical features of this specification can be applied to various devices and methods. Figure 1 and / or Fig.19 For example, the above technical features of this specification can only be applied to Figure 1 and / or Fig.19 For example, the above technical features of this specification can be based on Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 can be implemented based on Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 can be implemented, or based on Fig.19 The processor 610 and the memory 620 of the present specification are implemented. For example, the device of the present specification may be configured to: receive a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) including an L-SIG field; determine the type of the PPDU based on whether the L-SIG field is repeated and a "modulo 3 operation" on the value of the length field, the PPDU is determined to be an extremely high throughput (EHT) PPDU whose result of the "modulo 3 operation" is "0", and the EHT type PPDU includes an RL-SIG field in which the L-SIG field is repeated; and decode the PPDU.

[0415] The technical features of the present specification can be implemented based on a computer-readable medium (CRM). For example, the CRM proposed in the present specification can store instructions to perform operations, which include: receiving a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) including an L-SIG field and an RL-SIG field, the type of the PPDU is determined based on whether the L-SIG field is repeated and a "modulo 3 operation" on the value of the length field, the PPDU is determined to be an extremely high throughput (EHT) PPDU whose result of the "modulo 3 operation" is "0", and the EHT type PPDU includes an RL-SIG field in which the L-SIG field is repeated; and decoding the PPDU. The instructions stored in the CRM of the present specification can be executed by at least one processor. The at least one processor related to the CRM of the present specification may be Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 may be Fig.19 The CRM of this specification may be Figure 1 The memories 112 and 122 may be Fig.19 The memory 620 may be a separate external memory / storage medium / disk.

[0416] The above technical features of this specification are applicable to various applications or business models. For example, the above technical features can be applied to wireless communications of devices supporting artificial intelligence (AI).

[0417] Artificial intelligence refers to the field of study regarding artificial intelligence or methods of creating artificial intelligence, while machine learning refers to the field of study regarding methods of defining and solving various problems in the field of artificial intelligence. Machine learning is also defined as algorithms that improve the performance of operations through stable experience of operations.

[0418] An artificial neural network (ANN) is a model used in machine learning and may refer to an overall problem-solving model that includes artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network by combining synapses. An artificial neural network may be defined by the connection pattern between neurons in different layers, a learning process that updates model parameters, and an activation function that generates an output value.

[0419] The artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include synapses connecting neurons. In the artificial neural network, each neuron may output a function value of an activation function of an input signal, a weight, and a bias input through the synapse.

[0420] Model parameters refer to parameters determined by learning and include weights of synaptic connections and biases of neurons. Hyperparameters refer to parameters set in a machine learning algorithm prior to learning and include learning rate, number of iterations, mini-batch size, and initialization function.

[0421] Learning an artificial neural network can be aimed at determining model parameters for minimizing a loss function. The loss function can be used as an index for determining the optimized model parameters during learning an artificial neural network.

[0422] Machine learning can be categorized into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

[0423] Supervised learning refers to a method of training an artificial neural network when labels are given for training data, wherein the labels may indicate the correct answer (or result value) that the artificial neural network needs to infer when the training data is input to the artificial neural network. Unsupervised learning may refer to a method of training an artificial neural network when no labels are given for training data. Reinforcement learning may refer to a training method of an agent defined in a training environment to select actions or action sequences to maximize the cumulative reward in each state.

[0424] Machine learning implemented using a deep neural network (DNN) including multiple hidden layers in an artificial neural network is called deep learning, and deep learning is a part of machine learning. Hereinafter, machine learning is explained as including deep learning.

[0425] The above technical features can be applied to wireless communication of robots.

[0426] A robot may refer to a machine that automatically processes or operates a given task with its own capabilities. Specifically, a robot that has the function of recognizing an environment and autonomously making judgments to perform operations may be referred to as an intelligent robot.

[0427] Robots can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military robots, etc. according to their uses or fields. Robots can include actuators or drives, which include motors to perform various physical operations (e.g., move robot joints). In addition, mobile robots can include wheels, brakes, propellers, etc. in the drive to travel on the ground or fly in the air through the drive.

[0428] The above technical features can be applied to devices supporting extended reality.

[0429] Extended reality refers collectively to virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides real-world objects and backgrounds only in CG images, AR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides virtual CG images on real object images, and MR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides virtual objects mixed and combined with the real world.

[0430] MR technology is similar to AR technology in that real objects and virtual objects are displayed together. However, in AR technology, virtual objects are used as a supplement to real objects, while in MR technology, virtual objects and real objects are used as equal.

[0431] XR technology may be applied to head mounted displays (HMDs), heads up displays (HUDs), mobile phones, tablet PCs, laptop computers, desktop computers, TVs, digital signage, etc. Devices to which XR technology is applied may be referred to as XR devices.

[0432] The claims described in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented by a method. In addition, the technical features of the method claims of this specification and the technical features of the device claims can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims of this specification and the technical features of the device claims can be combined to be implemented by a method.

Claims

1. A method performed by a receiving station STA in a wireless local area network WLAN system, the method comprising the following steps: receiving a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) including a legacy signal (L-SIG) field, a repeated L-SIG (RL-SIG) field, and at least one indicator symbol, wherein the RL-SIG field is adjacent to the L-SIG field, and the at least one indicator symbol is adjacent to the RL-SIG field; and determining the type of the PPDU based on the L-SIG field, a “modulo 3 operation” of a value of a length field of the L-SIG field, and group indication information having a length of 3 bits, wherein the group indication information is included in the at least one indication symbol, wherein, based on the L-SIG field being repeated in the RL-SIG field, the result of the “modulo 3 operation” being “0”, and the grouping indication information, the type of the PPDU is determined to be an extremely high throughput EHT type, The at least one indicator symbol includes a bandwidth field related to the PPDU, a BSS color field with a length of 6 bits and related to an identifier of a basic service set BSS, a cyclic redundancy check CRC field with a length of 4 bits, and a tail field with a length of 6 bits.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The L-SIG field and the RL-SIG field include the same information field.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The types of the PPDU include a legacy type, a high efficiency HE type, and an extremely high throughput EHT type.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: For a PPDU whose result of the “modulo 3 operation” is “1” or “2”, the PPDU is determined to be a high throughput type.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one indicator symbol is a universal signal U-SIG field.

6. A station STA, the STA comprising: a transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals; as well as a processor coupled to the transceiver, Wherein, the processor is configured to: receiving a physical protocol data unit PPDU including a legacy signal L-SIG field, a repeated L-SIG RL-SIG field, and a universal signal U-SIG field, wherein the RL-SIG field is adjacent to the L-SIG field, and the U-SIG field is adjacent to the RL-SIG field, wherein the U-SIG field includes packet indication information having a length of 3 bits; determining the type of the PPDU based on the RL-SIG field, a modulo 3 operation of a value of a length field of the L-SIG field, and the grouping indication information, wherein, based on the RL-SIG field being a repetition of the L-SIG field, the result of the “modulo 3 operation” being “0”, and the grouping indication information, the type of the PPDU is determined to be an extremely high throughput EHT type, The U-SIG field includes information related to bandwidth, information related to the basic service set BSS color with a length of 6 bits, information related to the cyclic redundancy check CRC with a length of 4 bits, and tail bits with a length of 6 bits.

7. The STA according to claim 6, wherein: The STA is further configured to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 2 to 4.

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