One-to-many low-delay wireless communication method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method and equipment, at least a first communication end, a second communication end and a third communication end appoint a transmission rule of a data packet, and in the transmission process of the data packet, the next communication end which should send the data packet monitors the data packet; and the first communication end receives all the data packets and recombines and restores the data packets sent by the communication ends according to a transmission rule. Through a dynamic time sequence coordination mechanism and a zero-waiting sending method for sensing the transmission state between the communication ends, the channel resource utilization rate is effectively improved, the effect of reducing the transmission delay in a certain direction is more obvious, and the method is particularly suitable for being applied to occasions with high requirements for transmission efficiency and real-time performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular, relates to a one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method and device. Background Art

[0002] There are generally two implementation schemes for traditional wireless keyboards and mice: (1) The keyboard and mouse are paired with a dongle each. One dongle is paired with the keyboard and the other is paired with the mouse. In theory, the transmission delay is low, but two dongles are required. When used at the same time, they interfere with each other and easily cause wireless data packet loss. (2) The keyboard and mouse share a dongle. The dongle sends and receives data to and from the keyboard during a certain period of time and to and from the mouse during another period of time. An identity must be added to the transmitted data packet to distinguish who is communicating with whom. However, this method will cause a large communication delay for each device, because when the dongle is communicating with one of the devices, if the other device has data to transmit, it must wait until the dongle completes the communication with the device it is communicating with and initiates a communication request to the other device before it can transmit data. However, this method will have greater delay in wireless communication application scenarios that increase the one-way transmission rate. For example, the solution of the prior art CN117768952B can achieve an 8k return rate in a one-to-one wireless communication scenario, but can only reach 500Hz in a one-to-many wireless communication scenario, which provides a poor experience for high-speed wireless keyboards and mice.

[0003] Therefore, in one-to-many wireless communication application scenarios such as the traditional solution (2) above, where the keyboard and mouse share a dongle, there is a demand for one-way high-speed and low-latency. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the problem of high delay in the traditional one-to-many wireless communication method in the prior art, the present invention provides a one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method and device.

[0005] Technical solution: A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] At least the first communication end, the second communication end, and the third communication end agree on a transmission rule for a data packet, wherein the transmission rule includes a transmission order of at least the second communication end and the third communication end within a transmission period;

[0007] In a transmission cycle, including the first communication end sending part and the first communication end receiving part,

[0008] In the sending part of the first communication end, the first communication end sends a first data packet, and the second communication end and the third communication end receive the first data packet, wherein the first data packet includes a response to the data packet received by the first communication end;

[0009] In the receiving part of the first communication end, the second communication end and the third communication end send data packets in sequence according to the transmission rule. When the data packet si is transmitted, i represents the sequence number of the data packet, and i is an integer ≥0. The next communication end that should send the data packet in the transmission rule monitors the data packet si and starts sending the data packet s(i+1) immediately after the data packet si is sent. The first communication end receives all the data packets and reassembles and restores the data packets sent by each communication end according to the transmission rule until the second communication end and the third communication end have sent the data packets that need to be sent within the transmission cycle according to the transmission rule.

[0010] Furthermore, within a transmission cycle, the second communication end and the third communication end send data packets in turn for multiple times.

[0011] Furthermore, in the receiving part of the first communication end, when the transmission rule stipulates that a certain communication end should send a data packet at a certain moment, and the communication end has no data packet to send, it sends an empty packet. The next communication end that should send a data packet according to the transmission rule detects the empty packet, and when the empty packet is sent, it immediately sends the next data packet that should be sent.

[0012] Furthermore, in the receiving part of the first communication end, when the transmission rule stipulates that a certain communication end should send a data packet at a certain moment, but the communication end has no data packet to send, it will not send a packet; at this time, the next communication end that should send a data packet in the transmission rule cannot detect a data packet, and then starts timing and waiting until the transmission time of a data packet ends, and the next communication end that should send a data packet starts sending the next data packet.

[0013] Furthermore, within a transmission cycle, the first communication end sends a response to a data packet received by the first communication end in a previous transmission cycle, wherein the first data packet includes a response to the data packet received by the first communication end in a previous transmission cycle before the first communication end receives the data packet.

[0014] Furthermore, the response includes a response to a data packet sent by the second communication terminal and a response to a data packet sent by the third communication terminal.

[0015] Furthermore, the monitoring method includes: obtaining the duration parameter of the data packet si transmission, dynamically calculating the remaining transmission time Δt through the physical layer packet length detection algorithm, estimating the end time of the data packet si transmission, and preparing for the transmission of the data packet s(i+1).

[0016] Furthermore, the duration of the transmission cycle is not fixed. After the second communication end and the third communication end complete the transmission of all data packets in the transmission cycle according to the transmission rules, the receiving part of the first communication end of this transmission cycle ends and the sending part of the first communication end of this transmission cycle or the next transmission cycle begins.

[0017] A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication device adopting the above-mentioned one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method includes at least a first communication end, a second communication end, and a third communication end.

[0018] Furthermore, the first communication terminal is a wireless dongle, and the second communication terminal and the third communication terminal are wireless input devices.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method and device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] Through the dynamic timing coordination mechanism and the zero-wait sending method of transmission status perception between communication terminals, the channel resource utilization rate is effectively improved, and the effect of reducing the transmission delay in a certain direction is more obvious, so as to improve the one-way transmission rate of multiple communication terminals. Taking wireless keyboard and mouse as an example, double 8k report rate can be achieved;

[0021] In the process of transmitting data packets, there is no need to include the identity of each device, which can transmit more valid data and save transmission resources;

[0022] It breaks the fixed mindset of traditional communication cycles, makes transmission more flexible, and further reduces communication delays. It is especially suitable for applications with high requirements for transmission efficiency and real-time performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The transmission condition of one transmission cycle in the one-to-many delayed wireless communication method of this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 It refers to the transmission status when a communication end cannot detect the data packet during a transmission cycle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0027] At least the first communication end, the second communication end, and the third communication end agree on a transmission rule for a data packet, wherein the transmission rule includes a transmission order of at least the second communication end and the third communication end within a transmission period;

[0028] In a transmission cycle, the first communication end sending part and the first communication end receiving part ( Figure 1 , 2 In the figure, the first communication terminal sends a data packet before the first communication terminal receives it. In this embodiment, the first communication terminal sends a data packet before the first communication terminal receives it. The first data packet includes a response to the data packet received by the first communication terminal in the previous transmission cycle. With this arrangement, a timestamp can be included in the first data packet sent by the first communication terminal. The first communication terminal can perform synchronization calibration based on the timestamp, thereby reducing the device's requirements for clock accuracy. It can be applied to frequency hopping and low-power applications to improve the anti-interference ability of wireless transmission and save power consumption. The agreed sending order can also be included in the first data packet, so that the second communication terminal and the third communication terminal can transmit in the order described after receiving the first data packet.

[0029] In the sending part of the first communication end, the first communication end sends out a first data packet, and the second communication end and the third communication end receive the first data packet. The first data packet includes a response to the data packet received by the first communication end, and the response includes a response to the data packet sent by the second communication end and a response to the data packet sent by the third communication end, so that the second communication end and the third communication end can confirm the reception status of the first communication end, and thus choose to continue sending or resend (in case of packet loss).

[0030] In the receiving part of the first communication end, the second communication end and the third communication end send data packets in sequence according to the transmission rule, such as Figure 1 The s0, s1, s2...s15 in the data packets represent the data packets with sequence numbers 0, 1, 2...15 respectively. When the data packet si is transmitted, i represents the sequence number of the data packet, i is an integer ≥ 0. The next communication terminal that should send the data packet in the transmission rule monitors the data packet si, and immediately starts to send the data packet s(i+1) after the data packet si is sent. The first communication terminal receives all the data packets and reassembles and restores the data packets sent by each communication terminal according to the transmission rules. All data packets should contain a packet sequence number. The packet sequence numbers of data packets sent by different communication terminals are relatively independent. The data sent by each communication terminal can be restored according to the received packet sequence numbers. Until the second communication terminal and the third communication terminal send the data packets that need to be sent within the transmission cycle according to the transmission rules.

[0031] Among them, monitoring can be to directly detect the end signal of the data packet, and immediately send the next data packet when the end signal is detected, or it can be to estimate the end time by detecting the start signal of the data packet, prepare for the transmission of the next data packet in advance, and immediately send the next data packet when the current data packet ends. In this way, the next data packet can be prepared in advance, and on the other hand, the monitoring action can be ended in advance to save power consumption. The latter monitoring method specifically includes: obtaining the duration parameter of the data packet si transmission, dynamically calculating the remaining transmission time Δt through the physical layer packet length detection algorithm, estimating the end time of the data packet si transmission, and preparing for the transmission of the data packet s(i+1).

[0032] In a transmission cycle, the number of times and order of transmission of the second communication terminal and the third communication terminal can be arbitrary, and the duration of each data packet can also be set arbitrarily, as long as the three parties agree on it. For example, in order to improve the one-way transmission rate and reduce delay, in the receiving part of the first communication terminal in a transmission cycle, the second communication terminal and the third communication terminal each send a data packet at least twice, and send them in turn, for example, the sending order is: the second communication terminal sends a data packet, the third communication terminal sends a data packet, the second communication terminal sends a data packet, and the third communication terminal sends a data packet. Of course, according to needs, the transmission proportion of each communication terminal other than the first communication terminal can be reasonably arranged. For example, if there are three communication terminals that transmit data with the first communication terminal, the receiving part of the first communication terminal in a transmission cycle includes: the second communication terminal sends a data packet, the third communication terminal sends a data packet, the second communication terminal sends a data packet, and the fourth communication terminal sends a data packet, and so on.

[0033] Although the transmission rules stipulate the sending order of other communication terminals except the first communication terminal, it does not mean that a certain communication terminal must have data to send at a certain moment, that is, the communication terminal does not have data to send when it is required to send. In this case, the communication terminal may send an empty packet or not. If an empty packet is sent, the next communication terminal that should send a data packet in the transmission rules will detect the empty packet, and when the empty packet is sent, it will immediately send the next data packet that should be sent. If no packet is sent, the next communication terminal that should send a data packet in the transmission rules cannot detect the data packet, and then starts timing and waiting until the transmission time of a data packet ends. The next communication terminal that should send a data packet starts sending the next data packet. Figure 2 The figure shows that data packet s2 is not sent. When the reserved tn time arrives, the next data packet is sent. In short, when the communication end that should send the next data packet monitors the previous data packet, if a data packet (including an empty packet) is detected, it will wait for the data packet transmission to end and send the next data packet immediately. If no data packet is detected, the time for the data packet is reserved and the next data packet is sent after the time is up.

[0034] As the data packet transmission is completed, the next data packet will start to be sent immediately, and the data packet may not be full, which will cause the transmission cycle to be unfixed, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 After the second communication end and the third communication end complete the transmission of all data packets in the transmission cycle according to the transmission rule, the first communication end receiving part of the transmission cycle ends and the first communication end sending part of the transmission cycle or the next transmission cycle begins.

[0035] A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication device using the one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method includes at least a first communication terminal, a second communication terminal, and a third communication terminal. The first communication terminal is a wireless dongle, and the second communication terminal and the third communication terminal are wireless input devices, such as the second communication terminal is a wireless mouse, and the third communication terminal is a wireless keyboard.

[0036] The following uses wireless keyboards and mice as an example. Common 2.4G data frames are as follows:

[0037] (1) Dongle sends a response frame

[0038] Frame Header Sync word Protocol Header Check CRC 16bit 24bit-40bit 8bit-16bit 8bit-24bit

[0039] Total number of data frame bits: 16+24+8+8 = 56 or 16+40+16+24 = 96

[0040] Taking the data rate of 2M as an example, that is, 0.5us / bit, the time for the dongle to send a data frame is between 28us and 48us.

[0041] Taking the data rate of 4M as an example, that is, 0.25us / bit, the time for the dongle to send a data frame is 14us to 24us.

[0042] Figure 1 Medium D Indicates the sending time of the forward data frame, which includes the RF startup time of about 40us and the duration of the above data frame, that is, t D = RF start time 40us + data frame time. t S The switching time between sending and receiving is about 20us.

[0043] (2) The mouse sends a valid data frame

[0044] Frame Header Sync word Protocol Header Valid data Check CRC 16bit 24bit-40bit 8bit-16bit 6*8bit 8bit-24bit

[0045] Total number of data frame bits: 16+24+8+48+8 = 104 or 16+40+16+48+24 = 144

[0046] Taking the data rate of 2M as an example, that is, 0.5us / bit, the time for the mouse to send a data frame is between 52us and 72us.

[0047] Taking the data rate of 4M as an example, that is, 0.25us / bit, the time for the mouse to send a data frame is between 26us and 36us.

[0048] Figure 1 t0, t2...t 14 The time when the mouse sends data frames.

[0049] (3) The keyboard sends a valid data frame

[0050] Frame Header Sync word Protocol Header Valid data Check CRC 16bit 24bit-40bit 8bit-16bit 8*8bit -16*8bit 8bit-24bit

[0051] Total number of data frame bits: 16+24+8+64+8 = 120 or 16+40+16+128+24 = 208

[0052] Taking the data rate of 2M as an example, that is, 0.5us / bit, the time for the keyboard to send a data frame is between 60us and 104us.

[0053] Taking the data rate of 4M as an example, that is, 0.25us / bit, the time for the keyboard to send a data frame is between 30us and 52us.

[0054] Figure 1 t1, t3...t 15 The time when the keyboard sends a data frame.

[0055] In one cycle, the keyboard and mouse send 8 data frames respectively until the reception is completed. The time of one cycle is T = t D +t S +(t0+ t1+……t 15 ).

[0056] The keyboard and mouse use alternating transmission mode. The delay time of each keyboard packet is the time for the mouse to send data, the delay time of each mouse packet is the time for the keyboard to send data, and the delay time of the first mouse packet is the time for the dongle to send the data packet.

[0057] Taking 4M rate as an example, according to the longest data frame, T = 40us + 24us + 20us + 36us*8 + 52us*8 = 788us.

[0058] In actual use, data can be compressed, and the controller has enough time to process the remaining time. Two devices transmit 8 data frames in 1ms, which can achieve a double 8k return rate.

Claims

1. A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: At least the first communication end, the second communication end, and the third communication end agree on a transmission rule for a data packet, wherein the transmission rule includes a transmission order of at least the second communication end and the third communication end within a transmission period; In a transmission cycle, including the first communication end sending part and the first communication end receiving part, In the sending part of the first communication end, the first communication end sends a first data packet, and the second communication end and the third communication end receive the first data packet, wherein the first data packet includes a response to the data packet received by the first communication end; In the receiving part of the first communication end, the second communication end and the third communication end send data packets in sequence according to the transmission rule. When the data packet si is transmitted, i represents the sequence number of the data packet, and i is an integer ≥0. The next communication end that should send the data packet in the transmission rule monitors the data packet si and starts sending the data packet s(i+1) immediately after the data packet si is sent. The first communication end receives all the data packets and reassembles and restores the data packets sent by each communication end according to the transmission rule until the second communication end and the third communication end have sent the data packets that need to be sent within the transmission cycle according to the transmission rule.

2. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In one transmission cycle, the second communication end and the third communication end send data packets in turn for multiple times.

3. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the receiving part of the first communication end, when the transmission rule stipulates that a certain communication end should send a data packet at a certain moment, and the communication end has no data packet to send, it sends an empty packet. The next communication end that should send a data packet according to the transmission rule detects the empty packet, and when the empty packet is sent, it immediately sends the next data packet that should be sent.

4. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the receiving part of the first communication end, when the transmission rule stipulates that a certain communication end should send a data packet at a certain moment, but the communication end has no data packet to send, it will not send a packet; at this time, the next communication end that should send a data packet in the transmission rule cannot detect a data packet, and starts timing and waiting until the transmission time of a data packet ends, and the next communication end that should send a data packet starts sending the next data packet.

5. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In a transmission cycle, the first communication end sends a response to a data packet received by the first communication end in a previous transmission cycle, which is included in the first data packet before the first communication end receives it.

6. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The response includes a response to a data packet sent by the second communication end and a response to a data packet sent by the third communication end.

7. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The monitoring method includes: obtaining the duration parameter of the data packet si transmission, dynamically calculating the remaining transmission time Δt through the physical layer packet length detection algorithm, estimating the end time of the data packet si transmission, and preparing for the transmission of the data packet s(i+1).

8. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The duration of the transmission cycle is not fixed. After the second communication end and the third communication end complete the transmission of all data packets in the transmission cycle according to the transmission rules, the receiving part of the first communication end of this transmission cycle ends and the sending part of the first communication end of this transmission cycle or the next transmission cycle begins.

9. A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication device using the one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It includes at least a first communication terminal, a second communication terminal, and a third communication terminal.

10. The one-to-many low-latency wireless communication device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first communication terminal is a wireless dongle, and the second communication terminal and the third communication terminal are wireless input devices.

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