A bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis, it is related to bionic prosthesis technical field, comprising: joint socket prosthesis, joint socket prosthesis includes wing plate, extension plate and fixed column, wing plate one end with the side of extension plate is solidly connected, and fixed column one end with the other side of extension plate is solidly connected, wing plate and extension plate are perpendicular to each other;Joint ball prosthesis, joint ball prosthesis is ellipsoid, joint ball prosthesis and fixed column are detachably connected;Mandibular branch prosthesis, mandibular branch prosthesis includes condylar cup and mandibular branch retention handle, condylar cup is half ellipsoid shell, condylar cup is provided with half ellipsoid recess, condylar cup includes wear-resistant layer, and backing layer is solidly connected with wear-resistant layer, and connecting column is connected with backing layer, and mandibular branch retention handle is detachably connected with connecting column;Joint ball prosthesis can be rotated with half ellipsoid recess and sliding fit.The dislocation rate of the application is low, stress is more dispersed, so that wear-resistant layer is not prone to fatigue, can realize greater degree of mouth opening and forward stretch amount.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bionic prosthesis, in particular to a bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis. BACKGROUND

[0002] The artificial temporomandibular joint prosthesis was first applied to the human body in 1960, and has been continuously developed and improved in the past seven decades. It has been valued at home and abroad because of its advantages such as stability, non-absorbability, and no need to open a second surgical area.

[0003] However, although the current standard product is designed by simulating the anatomical structure of the temporomandibular joint, it cannot simulate the attachment of muscle and fibrous connective tissue around the joint, which leads to easy dislocation and limited improvement in mouth opening. In recent years, with the improvement of living standards and the increase of the incidence of temporomandibular joint diseases, the rate of artificial joint replacement surgery has also increased, but the problems of high dislocation rate and limited improvement in mouth opening have gradually emerged. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis to solve the problems existing in the prior art and reduce the dislocation rate of the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis and improve the mouth opening.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following scheme:

[0006] The present application provides a bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis, comprising:

[0007] The glenoid fossa prosthesis comprises a wing plate, an extension plate and a fixing column, one end of the wing plate is fixedly connected with one side of the extension plate, and one end of the fixing column is fixedly connected with the other side of the extension plate, the wing plate and the extension plate are perpendicular to each other, and the wing plate is used for connecting with the zygomatic arch;

[0008] The joint ball prosthesis is in the shape of an ellipsoid, and the joint ball prosthesis is detachably connected with the fixing column;

[0009] The mandibular branch prosthesis comprises a condylar cup and a mandibular branch retention handle, the condylar cup is a half-ellipsoidal shell, a half-ellipsoidal recess is arranged on the condylar cup, the condylar cup comprises a wear-resistant layer, a backing layer fixedly connected with the wear-resistant layer, and a connecting column connected with the backing layer, the wear-resistant layer is closer to the half-ellipsoidal recess than the backing layer, the mandibular branch retention handle is detachably connected with the connecting column, and the mandibular branch retention handle is used for connecting with the mandibular branch; the joint ball prosthesis can be rotationally matched and slidably matched with the half-ellipsoidal recess.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of first threaded holes are arranged on the wing plate, the wing plate is connected with the zygomatic arch through a plurality of first screws, the first screws correspond to the first threaded holes one by one, and the first screws are threadedly connected with the corresponding first threaded holes.

[0011] Preferably, a second threaded hole is arranged on the joint ball prosthesis, and the fixing column is threadedly connected with the second threaded hole.

[0012] Preferably, the second threaded hole is coaxial with the minor axis of the joint ball prosthesis.

[0013] Preferably, the joint socket prosthesis is integrally formed and is made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of third threaded holes are arranged on the mandibular branch retaining handle, the mandibular branch retaining handle is connected with the mandibular branch through a plurality of second screws, the second screws correspond to the third threaded holes one by one, and the second screws are threadedly connected with the corresponding third threaded holes.

[0015] Preferably, the material of the mandibular branch retaining handle is titanium alloy, and a titanium coating is sprayed on the surface of the mandibular branch retaining handle in contact with the mandibular branch.

[0016] Preferably, the mandibular branch retaining handle is threadedly connected with the connecting column.

[0017] Preferably, the backing layer is integrally formed with the connecting column.

[0018] Preferably, the material of the wear-resistant layer is ultra-high molecular polyethylene, and the materials of the backing layer and the connecting column are metals.

[0019] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0020] After the artificial temporomandibular joint prosthesis is replaced, the height of the rear baffle of the traditional joint socket prosthesis is usually designed to be short so as not to press the external auditory canal, resulting in a higher probability of post-dislocation of the condylar prosthesis after the prosthesis replacement.

[0021] Further, in the condyle cup, the area of the backing layer and the wear-resistant layer on one side of the connecting column is larger than the area of the backing layer and the wear-resistant layer on the other side of the connecting column, so that, in use, the backing layer and the wear-resistant layer on the side with the larger area (referred to as a front extension) face the front side of the patient's head, and the backing layer and the wear-resistant layer on the side with the smaller area (referred to as a rear extension) face the rear side of the patient's head, so that, when the patient performs a closing action, the occurrence of a posterior dislocation phenomenon can be further reduced due to the sufficient contact of the front extension with the condyle prosthesis.

[0022] Further, in the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the present application, stress is conducted to the mandible through the condyle cup with a semi-elliptical recess, the spherical concave contact surface of the semi-elliptical recess increases the contact area, and the stress is more dispersed, so that the ultra-high molecular polyethylene material in the wear-resistant layer is less likely to fatigue.

[0023] Further, in the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the present application, the condyle prosthesis can be rotationally and slidingly fitted with the semi-elliptical recess, and a greater degree of mouth opening and protrusion can be achieved by relying on the rotation and sliding of the spherical concave joint (i.e., between the condyle prosthesis and the semi-elliptical recess).

[0024] Further, in the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the present application, there is no front baffle, and compared with the traditional artificial temporomandibular joint prosthesis, the reverse joint prosthesis is easier to return after dislocation without the obstruction of the front baffle, and can satisfy the increase in mouth opening amplitude while overcoming a high dislocation rate.

[0025] Further, the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the present application has a higher degree of matching of the rotation center for patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint replacement, which can further balance the stress between the healthy joint and the artificial temporomandibular joint.

[0026] Further, the condyle cup part of the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the present application is intentionally shortened in the sagittal direction near the cup wall of the external auditory canal side, effectively preventing posterior dislocation and impact on the auditory organ during posterior dislocation, and avoiding damage to the auditory organ.

[0027] Further, the joint ball prosthesis and the condylar process cup in the application can be replaced; on the one hand, the replaceable joint ball prosthesis and the replaceable condylar process cup can realize partial replacement, and the cost is lower; on the other hand, since the mandible of children continues to develop, the artificial temporomandibular joint cannot be reconstructed with the jaw, therefore, the current expert consensus considers that the applicable population of the commercial artificial temporomandibular joint prosthesis is patients of 18 years old and above, and the application can adapt to the jaw reconstruction in the growth and development of children by replacing the prosthesis accessories, therefore, the application has advantages; on the other hand, the current commercial artificial temporomandibular joint mandibular ramus prosthesis is fixedly connected with the mandible through a screw, when the service life of the joint prosthesis expires and needs to be replaced, the screw and the mandibular ramus prosthesis need to be removed. For middle-aged and elderly patients, such secondary trauma not only can cause mandibular fracture, but also can cause poor healing of the newly replaced joint prosthesis and the screw with the mandible, leading to surgical failure. The replaceable joint ball prosthesis and the replaceable condylar process cup can realize partial replacement, and can avoid secondary surgery of the mandibular ramus prosthesis and the joint fossa prosthesis.

[0028] Further, the joint ball prosthesis is in an ellipsoidal shape, which imitates the physiological morphology of the human condylar process, the ellipsoidal joint ball prosthesis can increase the contact area of the joint ball prosthesis and the condylar process cup in a limited space as much as possible, so as to reduce the dead space; and since the movement of the temporomandibular joint includes rotation in situ and forward and backward sliding, the wide anteroposterior diameter is not conducive to the forward sliding of the condylar process cup along the joint ball prosthesis, and is not conducive to the opening action, and the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the application will not cause adverse effects on the opening action of the patient after installation, since the long diameter direction of the joint ball prosthesis is along the left and right directions of the patient's head and body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the application Figure One

[0031] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the application Figure Two

[0032] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the application Figure Three

[0033] ​​​In the figure: 1, wing plate; 2, extension plate; 3, fixed column; 4, joint ball prosthesis; 5, wear-resistant layer; 6, backing layer; 7, connecting column; 8, condylar process cup; 9, mandibular branch retaining handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be apparently and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0035] The purpose of the present application is to provide a bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce the dislocation rate of the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis, and improve the mouth opening degree.

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, characteristics and advantages of the present application more apparent and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] As shown in the figure, the present embodiment provides a bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis, comprising: Figures 1 to 3

[0038] The joint socket prosthesis comprises a wing plate 1, an extension plate 2 and a fixed column 3, one end of the wing plate 1 is fixedly connected with one side of the extension plate 2, and one end of the fixed column 3 is fixedly connected with the other side of the extension plate 2, the wing plate 1 and the extension plate 2 are perpendicular to each other, the wing plate 1 is used to be connected with the zygomatic arch, and the connection structure with the zygomatic arch is increased through the connection of the wing plate 1 with the zygomatic arch, so that the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis can be more stably fixed on the facial skeleton and provide a more stable support foundation for the entire joint prosthesis.

[0039] The joint ball prosthesis 4 is in the shape of an ellipsoid, and the joint ball prosthesis 4 is detachably connected with the fixed column 3.

[0040] The mandibular branch prosthesis comprises a condylar process cup 8 and a mandibular branch retaining handle 9, the condylar process cup 8 is a half-ellipsoidal shell, the condylar process cup 8 is provided with a half-ellipsoidal recess, the condylar process cup 8 comprises a wear-resistant layer 5, a backing layer 6 fixedly connected with the wear-resistant layer 5 and a connecting column 7 connected with the backing layer 6, the wear-resistant layer 5 is closer to the half-ellipsoidal recess than the backing layer 6, the mandibular branch retaining handle 9 is detachably connected with the connecting column 7, and the mandibular branch retaining handle 9 is used to be connected with the mandibular branch; the joint ball prosthesis 4 can be rotationally and slidably matched with the half-ellipsoidal recess, and relies on the rotation and sliding of the ball-recess joint (i.e. between the joint ball prosthesis 4 and the half-ellipsoidal recess) to realize a greater degree of mouth opening and protrusion.

[0041] ​The dislocation rate of the bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis of the embodiment is low, stress is conducted to the mandible through the condyle cup 8 with a semi-elliptical recess, the spherical concave contact surface of the semi-elliptical recess increases the contact area, the stress is more dispersed, so that the ultra-high molecular polyethylene material in the wear-resistant layer 5 is not prone to fatigue. The joint ball prosthesis 4 and the fixed column 3 are detachably connected, and the mandibular branch prosthesis and the connecting column 7 are detachably connected. This detachable connection mode can be adjusted and installed according to the specific situation of the patient, so that the cooperation between the parts of the joint is more accurate, thereby enhancing the stability of the joint and reducing the risk of dislocation

[0042] In the embodiment, the condyle cup 8 has a structure with a shorter rear wall and a longer front wall in the sagittal section, and a structure with equal length of the inner and outer walls in the coronal section. The cup wall near the external auditory canal side of the condyle cup 8 is intentionally shortened to effectively prevent posterior dislocation and impact on the auditory organ during posterior dislocation, thereby avoiding damage to the auditory organ.

[0043] In the optional scheme of the embodiment, preferably, a plurality of first threaded holes are arranged on the wing plate 1, the wing plate 1 is connected with the zygomatic arch through a plurality of first screws, the first screws correspond to the first threaded holes one by one, and the first screws are threadedly connected with the corresponding first threaded holes. This threaded connection mode is simple and reliable, and can ensure the connection strength between the joint socket prosthesis and the zygomatic arch, and ensure that the joint will not loosen during joint movement.

[0044] In the optional scheme of the embodiment, preferably, a second threaded hole is arranged on the joint ball prosthesis 4, and the fixed column 3 is threadedly connected with the second threaded hole. This design not only facilitates the installation and disassembly of the joint ball prosthesis 4, but also ensures the stability and accuracy of the joint ball during movement, so that the rotation and sliding of the joint are more smooth. It should be noted that in actual application, the detachable connection between the joint ball prosthesis 4 and the fixed column 3 can also be achieved by other connection modes, such as bonding, clamping, etc.

[0045] In the optional scheme of the embodiment, preferably, the second threaded hole is coaxial with the short diameter of the joint ball prosthesis 4. The joint ball prosthesis 4 is ellipsoidal, which simulates the physiological morphology of human condyle, so that the second threaded hole is coaxial with the short diameter of the joint ball prosthesis 4. The joint ball prosthesis 4 is in the left-right direction in the long diameter direction, which increases the contact area between the joint ball prosthesis 4 and the semi-elliptical recess of the condyle cup 8 in the left-right direction, and reduces the dead space. Moreover, the movement of the temporomandibular joint includes rotation in situ and forward and backward sliding, and the wide front and back diameters are not conducive to the forward sliding of the condyle cup 8 along the joint ball prosthesis 4, and are not conducive to the opening action.

[0046] In the optional scheme of the embodiment, preferably, the joint socket prosthesis is integrally formed, and the joint socket prosthesis is integrally cast from cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy.

[0047] In an optional solution of the embodiment, preferably, the mandibular branch retaining stem 9 is provided with a plurality of third threaded holes, the mandibular branch retaining stem 9 is connected with the mandibular branch through a plurality of second screws, the second screws correspond to the third threaded holes one by one, and the second screws are threadedly connected with the corresponding third threaded holes.

[0048] In an optional solution of the embodiment, preferably, the material of the mandibular branch retaining stem 9 is titanium alloy, the titanium alloy has the characteristics of good biocompatibility and light weight and high strength, and can reduce the burden on the patient's body. The surface of the mandibular branch retaining stem 9 in contact with the mandibular branch is sprayed with a titanium coating, which further improves the bone integration ability with the mandibular branch, promotes the fusion of the prosthesis with the self bone, and enhances the fixing effect.

[0049] In an optional solution of the embodiment, preferably, the mandibular branch retaining stem 9 is threadedly connected with the connecting column 7, and the threaded connection ensures the connection strength of the mandibular branch retaining stem 9 and the mandibular branch.

[0050] In an optional solution of the embodiment, preferably, the backing layer 6 and the connecting column 7 are integrally formed, which ensures the integrity and stability of the structure.

[0051] In an optional solution of the embodiment, preferably, the material of the wear-resistant layer 5 is ultra-high molecular polyethylene, the ultra-high molecular polyethylene has good wear resistance and self-lubricating property, can reduce friction and wear during joint movement, and prolong the service life of the prosthesis; the materials of the backing layer 6 and the connecting column 7 are metal, which provides sufficient strength and support.

[0052] The principles and implementation modes of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed. In view of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A biomimetic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis, characterized in that, The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis.

2. The bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis.

3. The bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis.

4. The bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis.

5. The bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis.

6. The bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis.

7. The bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis.

8. The bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis.

9. The bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis.

10. The bionic artificial temporomandibular joint replacement prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. The application relates to a glenoid prosthesis, a joint ball prosthesis and a mandibular ramus prosthesis. 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