Controllable tracheal cannula plugging device used after tracheotomy and operation method

Abstract

The invention provides a controllable trachea cannula plugging device used after tracheotomy and an operation method. One side of the top of a main pipe body of the device is in a sealed state, the other side of the top of the main pipe body is open, a rotating shaft through hole is formed in a partition plate, the main pipe body is provided with a hanging lug, a fixed supporting mechanism is connected with the hanging lug, the end of the main pipe body is in threaded connection with a reducer union, and the reducer union is in threaded connection with an air pipe connecting pipe. A bearing pack is installed at the top of the rotating shaft through hole, a knob is installed at the top of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft penetrates through the rotating shaft through hole, and the movable sealing plate is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft through a fastening bolt. The method comprises the following steps: 1, evaluating a test plugging pipe; 2, preparation before pipe plugging; 3, mounting the device; 4, pipe plugging operation; 5, pipe blocking nursing; and 6, tube drawing operation. According to the device, the plugging area is flexibly adjusted through reasonable design, so that accurate control over the plugging area is achieved, the device can be repeatedly used, operation is simpler, more convenient and faster, consumption of medical consumables is reduced, and medical resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment and postoperative care, and in particular to a controllable tracheal tube blocking device and an operating method after tracheotomy. Background Art

[0002] The use of tracheotomy in clinical practice can keep the airway open and improve breathing, and is one of the important measures to rescue critically ill patients. In the medical field, for patients who have undergone tracheotomy, the tracheal tube may be blocked, such as viscous sputum, scabs, etc. blocking the tracheal tube, thereby affecting the patient's normal breathing. At this time, it is necessary to promptly deal with the factors that cause the tracheal tube to block the tube to ensure the patient's airway is unobstructed. In the process of clinical application, when the patient's condition improves, the respiratory function gradually recovers. In order to reduce the occurrence of airway complications, the tracheal tube needs to be removed as soon as possible to restore the patient's pronunciation function and the normal physiological function of the airway. Before extubation, it is necessary to try to block the tube for 24 to 48 hours, and observe the spontaneous breathing situation at the same time. If the patient has no dyspnea, good oxygenation function, and no chest tightness and discomfort, the tube can be extubated. Accurately assessing the timing and conditions of extubation is extremely important for patients with tracheotomy, and it also has very important guiding significance for clinical work. Premature or inappropriate premature extubation or delayed extubation when conditions are met will lead to various complications, prolong the tube-wearing time, and increase the patient's physical and economic burden.

[0003] Duan Weiqiu, Li Zhaofei and others published a clinical application research paper on a disposable sterile dual-purpose tracheotomy tube plugging device in the 30th issue of November 2023 of Contemporary Chinese Medicine, which disclosed a disposable sterile dual-purpose tracheotomy tube plugging device consisting of an inner tube plug, an inner tube and a gasket; Ding Qian, Wang Hong and others published a disposable tracheotomy balloon tube plugging device in the 9th issue of the 31st issue of May 2024 of Chinese Rural Medicine, which disclosed a disposable tracheotomy balloon tube plugging device consisting of a plug head, a plug tail, a barrier disc and a handle. It is made of disposable medical atomization masks, disposable sterile syringes (20mL), yellow water-soluble reagents (5 mL), sterile gloves, sterile scissors, disposable tracheotomy balloon tubes (6.5mm, 7mm), lighters and other materials. The application of the progressive tube plugging device in the tube plugging of tracheotomy patients published in Journal of Nursing Science May 2019Vo1.34No.10 discloses a progressive tracheal tube plugging device composed of a shell, a connecting tube, an oxygen inhalation port, an upper plugging plate, and a lower plugging plate. Xu Peili, Hong Jingfang, and others published the application of personalized tube plugging technology in neurosurgery tracheotomy patients in Nursing Research, Vol. 33, No. 3, February 2019 (Total No. 623), disclosing a tracheotomy trial tube plugging device composed of a tube plugging cover, a first window, a second window, and an outer tube. He Yinghua, Wen Fangfang, and others published the application effect of the improved tracheotomy plugging device in the metal tube plugging of tracheotomy patients in Clinical Medical Practice, Vol. 32, No. 5, May 2023, disclosing the improved tracheotomy plugging device. Li Shensui, Tian Xudong and others published a clinical analysis of the effects of different types of tracheal tubes combined with homemade plugging tubes on complications after tracheotomy in the January 2024 issue of Volume 40, Issue 1 of Oral Medicine Research. The results disclosed a homemade tracheal tube plugging tube consisting of an air bag + metal group; an air bag group, and later group A used a gastric tube, and group B used an ampoule bottle cap of pantoprazole for injection.

[0004] In summary, the tracheal tube blocking materials used in the prior art are various, including disposable syringes, caps of disposable sterile blood collection tubes, disposable drainage bags, wooden stoppers, rubber bottle stoppers, infusion set Murphy's droppers, cotton swabs, etc. However, the use of the above tracheal tube blocking materials and objects will lead to problems such as difficulty in achieving disinfection standards, loose blocking, easy to fall off, and cannot be reused multiple times. In particular, when the patient coughs violently, expectorates, moves, or changes body position, there is a risk of adhesive tapes and cotton swabs falling off, and there is even a risk of suffocation due to the accidental inhalation of the trachea due to the falling of the blocking material.

[0005] Therefore, the technicians of the present application provide a controllable tracheal tube blocking device and operation method after tracheotomy. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a controllable tracheal tube blocking device and operation method after tracheotomy. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: through reasonable design, the main body, the reducer, and the tracheal tube are threadedly connected, and the movable sealing plate is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft to solve the tracheal tube blocking problem.

[0007] The design concept of the present invention is: according to different models of tracheotomy tubes, corresponding models of main tube bodies, tube plugging reducers, tracheal tubes and various components are precisely manufactured, a fixed sealing plate and a rotating shaft channel are arranged in the main tube body, the rotating shaft passes through the rotating shaft channel and a movable sealing plate is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft drives the movable sealing plate to rotate, and the plugging area is flexibly adjusted, thereby realizing precise control of the plugging area. A support belt and a neck elastic band are arranged on the outside of the main tube body, and an air hole is arranged on the top for ventilation. The main tube body, the reducer and the tracheal tube are threadedly connected to make a controllable tracheal tube plugging device that can be reused multiple times.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: A controllable tracheal tube blocking device after tracheotomy, comprising: a main body, a partition, a partition shaft through hole, a tracheal tube, a base baffle, a connecting base, a tube card, a reducer, a sealing ring, a rectangular connecting hole, a tracheal perforation, a rotating mechanism, and a fixed support mechanism, wherein the rotating mechanism comprises: a bearing group, a knob, a movable sealing plate, a rotating shaft, and a fastening bolt; the fixed support mechanism comprises a support member, a neck elastic band, a hook, and a hanging ear; the main body of the device has one side of a sealed state at the top and the other side of an open state; a partition is provided on the sealed side, a rotating shaft through hole is opened on the partition, a rotating mechanism is installed in the rotating shaft through hole, the main body is provided with a hanging ear, the fixed support mechanism is connected to the hanging ear, the end of the main body is threadedly connected to the reducer, and the reducer is threadedly connected to the tracheal tube.

[0009] The rotating mechanism in the device has a bearing group installed on the top of the shaft through hole, a knob installed on the top of the shaft, a threaded hole arranged at the bottom of the shaft, the shaft passes through the bearing group and the shaft through hole, and the movable sealing plate is fixed to the shaft with fastening bolts.

[0010] In the device, the fixed support mechanism is respectively connected with support pieces at both ends of the neck elastic band, and the ends of the support pieces are fixed with hooks, which are connected with the main pipe body through hanging ears.

[0011] A tube card is arranged on the outer circumference of the trachea tube in the device, a base baffle is arranged on the connecting base, a trachea through hole is opened in the middle of the connecting base, and rectangular connecting holes are arranged at both ends of the connecting base. The trachea tube can be connected to the connecting base by rotating the trachea tube.

[0012] The sealing ring in the device is installed at the junction of the edge of the movable sealing plate and the inner wall of the main pipe.

[0013] The ends of the main pipe body and the trachea pipe in the device are provided with internal threads, and both ends of the reducer are respectively provided with external threads, and the reducer is threadedly connected with the main pipe body and the trachea pipe through the external threads.

[0014] A method for operating a controllable tracheal tube blocking after tracheotomy, the method comprising the following steps: 1. Evaluation of the trial tube plugging: The doctor should evaluate the patient's condition before conducting the trial tube plugging. The specific evaluation indicators are: ① The patient's condition is stable; ② The consciousness is moderately impaired; ③ The cough reflex is good, and sputum can be partially coughed out from the tracheotomy; ④ The swallowing function, i.e., the Kubota drinking test, is above level 4; ⑤ When the patient is not inhaling oxygen, SpO2 ≥ 90%, PaO2 ≥ 60 mmHg and PaCO2 ≤ 50 mmHg, the doctor will consider plugging the tube; 2. Preparation before blocking the tube: ① Explain the significance, method, precautions, possible adverse reactions and measures of blocking the tube to the patient and his family members, and obtain their cooperation; ② The operator washes and disinfects his hands, wears gloves, first sucks out the sputum in the patient's trachea, and removes the inner tube; ③ Under the principle of aseptic operation, remove the controllable tracheal tube blocking device for use; 3. Installation of the device: Wrap the elastic neck band around the patient's neck for later use, take out the reducer that matches the trachea model and connect it to the main body, and thread the other end of the reducer to the trachea tube. Insert the trachea through the trachea perforation in the middle of the connecting base into the trachea tube and keep it tight. Fix the connecting base to the patient's incision site with a bandage or gauze through the rectangular connecting holes at both ends, and finally connect the support to the main body through the hook; during this process, it is necessary to closely observe the patient's vital signs, including heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and breathing, to ensure that the patient does not have uncomfortable symptoms such as difficulty breathing and decreased blood oxygen saturation; 4. Tube blocking operation: According to the patient's condition, if half tube blocking is required, the operator will rotate the knob to turn the shaft to open all the movable sealing plates, so that only a semicircular plugging piece is formed in the main tube. Tube blocking starts from 1 / 2. No discomfort occurs for 24 hours. The operator will rotate the knob to turn the shaft to drive the movable sealing plate to block the tube until the movable sealing plate is completely closed. The blocking area transitions from 1 / 2 to complete tube blocking. Observe for 24-48 hours whether there is dyspnea, good oxygenation function, and no chest tightness or discomfort. 5. Tube blocking care: During the tube blocking process, if the patient has too much sputum to cough out through the throat, negative pressure sputum suction care is required. Simply open the movable sealing plate completely and insert the sputum suction tube through the half-opening on the top of the main tube to perform sputum suction care. 6. Extubation: Observe the patient for 48 hours and find that he has no dyspnea, good oxygenation function, no chest tightness or discomfort, and meets the requirements for extubation. Notify the doctor to perform the extubation.

[0015] The main pipe body, knob, movable sealing plate, rotating shaft, air pipe connecting pipe and reducer involved in the device are all made of stainless steel and processed by precision machining. The thickness of the partition is determined according to the diameter of the rotating shaft.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects: 1. The device is reasonably designed to connect the main pipe body, reducer and trachea pipe by thread, and the rotating shaft drives the movable sealing plate to rotate, so as to flexibly adjust the sealing area, thereby realizing precise control of the sealing area; 2. The device is designed and manufactured according to different types of tracheotomy tubes, and the corresponding types of main bodies, plugging reducers, tracheal tubes and various components are precisely manufactured, and they are organically combined into a whole to make a controllable tracheal tube plugging device that can be used repeatedly; 3. The device is sealed by a sealing ring to ensure the effect of tracheal blocking, ensuring that the trachea can be effectively isolated from air and secretions during the blocking process, reducing the risk of infection; 4. The device is equipped with supporting parts and neck elastic bands to fix the installation position of the entire device, and at the same time provide strong support for the device, greatly reducing the pressure of the device on the trachea; 5. This method makes the tube blocking operation simpler and faster, reduces the occurrence of complications, promotes patient recovery, and also allows accurate tube blocking clinical data to be obtained; 6. The use of this method can not only reduce the difficulty of operation for medical personnel, but also reduce the consumption of medical consumables, which helps to save medical resources and can be widely used in medical research institutions and hospitals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technology of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the implementation are briefly introduced. The drawings described below are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0018] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. of the drawings shown in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate the understanding and reading of those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment in size should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the technology of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 , a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the tracheal tube controllable blocking device; Figure 2, a schematic diagram of the top view of the controllable tracheal tube blocking device; Figure 3 ,for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure in the middle AA direction; Figure 4 , top view of trachea connection; Figure 5 , top view of the connection base; Figure 6 ,for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at B in the middle; Figure 7 ,for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at C in the middle; Figure 8 , flow chart of the tracheal tube controllable blocking operation method.

[0020] In the figure: 1. main body, 2. support, 3. bearing group, 4. knob, 5. neck elastic band, 6. partition, 7. shaft through hole, 8. movable sealing plate, 9. shaft, 10. fastening bolt, 11. air pipe connecting pipe, 12. base baffle, 13. connecting base, 14. air pipe, 15. connecting pipe card, 16. reducer, 17. hook, 18. hanging ear, 19. sealing ring, 20. rectangular connecting hole, 21. air pipe perforation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. The following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0022] See attached Figure 1-7 , installation and connection of the device, fix the two support members 2 to the two ends of the neck elastic band 5 respectively, and fix the hook 17 to the end of the support member 2, and then package and disinfect it for use. The main body 1, the partition 6 and the shaft through hole 7 are manufactured by precision machining. At the same time, one side of the top of the main body 1 is set to be open, and the end of the main body 1 is processed with an internal thread. The bearing group 3 is installed on the top of the shaft through hole 7, the knob 4 is installed on the top of the shaft 9, the shaft 9 passes through the shaft through hole 7, and the movable cover plate 8 is fixed on the shaft 9 with the fastening bolt 10. The sealing ring 19 is installed at the contact between the edge of the movable cover plate 8 and the inner wall of the main body 1. The reducer 16 and the external threads at both ends are manufactured by precision machining. The reducer 16 is connected to the main body 1 through the external threads, so that the reducer 16 and the main body 1 are connected as a whole. The above components are packaged and disinfected for use.

[0023] Four types of trachea connecting pipes 11 that are consistent with the diameters of four types of trachea, 8, 10, 12, and 14, are manufactured through precision machining. Connecting pipe cards 15 are arranged on the outer circumference of the trachea connecting pipes 11, and then packaged and disinfected for standby use.

[0024] The base baffle 12 is arranged on the connecting base 13, the air pipe through hole 21 is opened in the middle of the connecting base 13, and the rectangular connecting holes 20 are arranged at both ends of the connecting base 13, and then packaged and disinfected for standby use. Embodiment 1

[0025] Taking the case of patients with severe respiratory distress in the intensive care unit (ICU) undergoing tracheotomy as an example, the method includes the following steps (see Appendix Figure 8 ): 1. Evaluation of the trial tube plugging: The doctor should evaluate the patient's condition before conducting the trial tube plugging. The specific evaluation indicators are: ① The patient's condition is stable; ② The consciousness is moderately impaired; ③ The cough reflex is good, and sputum can be partially coughed out from the tracheotomy; ④ The swallowing function, i.e., the Kubota drinking test, is above level 4; ⑤ When the patient is not inhaling oxygen, SpO2 ≥ 90%, PaO2 ≥ 60 mmHg and PaCO2 ≤ 50 mmHg, the doctor will consider plugging the tube; 2. Preparation before blocking the tube: ① Explain the significance, method, precautions, possible adverse reactions and measures of blocking the tube to the patient and his family members, and obtain their cooperation; ② The operator washes and disinfects his hands, wears gloves, first sucks out the sputum in the patient's trachea, and removes the inner tube; ③ Under the principle of aseptic operation, remove the controllable tracheal tube blocking device for use; 3. Installation of the device: Wrap the neck elastic band 5 around the patient's neck for later use, take out the reducer 16 that matches the trachea model and connect it to the main body 1, and the other end of the reducer 16 is threadedly connected to the trachea tube 11 of the same diameter, and the trachea 14 is inserted into the trachea tube 11 through the tracheal perforation 21 in the middle of the connecting base 13 and kept tight, and the connecting base 13 is fixed to the incision site of the patient with a bandage or gauze through the rectangular connecting holes 20 at both ends, and finally the support member 2 is connected to the main body 1 through the hook 17, and the air enters and exits through the semi-open outlet at the top of the main body 1; in this process, it is necessary to closely observe the patient's vital signs, including heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and breathing, to ensure that the patient does not have uncomfortable symptoms such as difficulty breathing and decreased blood oxygen saturation; 4. Tube blocking operation: According to the patient's condition, if half tube blocking is required first, the operator rotates the knob 4 to rotate the shaft 9 to fully open the movable sealing plate 8, so that only a semicircular plug is formed in the main tube body 1, and the tube is blocked from a blocking area of ​​1 / 2. No discomfort is caused for 24 hours. The operator rotates the knob 4 to rotate the shaft 9 to drive the movable sealing plate 8 to block the tube until the movable sealing plate 8 completely closes the channel in the main tube body 1, and the blocking area transitions from 1 / 2 to complete tube blocking. Observe for 24-48 hours whether there is dyspnea, good oxygenation function, and no chest tightness or discomfort. 5. Tube blocking care: During the tube blocking process, if the patient has too much sputum to cough out through the throat, negative pressure sputum suction care is required. The movable sealing plate 8 is completely opened directly, and the sputum suction tube is inserted through the half opening at the top of the main tube 1 to perform sputum suction care; 6. Extubation: Observe the patient for 48 hours and find that he has no dyspnea, good oxygenation function, no chest tightness or discomfort, and meets the requirements for extubation. Notify the doctor to perform the extubation. Embodiment 2

[0026] Taking the case of patients with tracheotomy undergoing tumor clearance in the Department of Otolaryngology as an example, the method includes the following steps (see Appendix Figure 8 ): 1. Evaluation of the trial tube plugging: The doctor should evaluate the patient's condition before conducting the trial tube plugging. The specific evaluation indicators are: ① The patient's condition is stable; ② The consciousness is moderately impaired; ③ The cough reflex is good, and sputum can be partially coughed out from the tracheotomy; ④ The swallowing function, i.e., the Kubota drinking test, is above level 4; ⑤ When the patient is not inhaling oxygen, SpO2 ≥ 90%, PaO2 ≥ 60 mmHg and PaCO2 ≤ 50 mmHg, the doctor will consider plugging the tube; 2. Preparation before blocking the tube: ① Explain the significance, method, precautions, possible adverse reactions and measures of blocking the tube to the patient and his family members, and obtain their cooperation; ② The operator washes and disinfects his hands, wears gloves, first sucks out the sputum in the patient's trachea, and removes the inner tube; ③ Under the principle of aseptic operation, remove the controllable tracheal tube blocking device for use; 3. Installation of the device: Wrap the neck elastic band 5 around the patient's neck for later use, take out the reducer 16 that matches the trachea model and connect it to the main body 1, and the other end of the reducer 16 is threadedly connected to the trachea tube 11 of the same diameter, and the trachea 14 is inserted into the trachea tube 11 through the tracheal perforation 21 in the middle of the connecting base 13 and kept tight, and the connecting base 13 is fixed to the incision site of the patient with a bandage or gauze through the rectangular connecting holes 20 at both ends, and finally the support member 2 is connected to the main body 1 through the hook 17, and the air enters and exits through the semi-open outlet at the top of the main body 1; in this process, it is necessary to closely observe the patient's vital signs, including heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and breathing, to ensure that the patient does not have uncomfortable symptoms such as difficulty breathing and decreased blood oxygen saturation; 4. Tube blocking operation: According to the patient's condition, if half tube blocking is required first, the operator rotates the knob 4 to rotate the shaft 9 to fully open the movable sealing plate 8, so that only a semicircular plug is formed in the main tube body 1, and the tube is blocked from a blocking area of ​​1 / 2. No discomfort is caused for 24 hours. The operator rotates the knob 4 to rotate the shaft 9 to drive the movable sealing plate 8 to block the tube until the movable sealing plate 8 completely closes the channel in the main tube body 1, and the blocking area transitions from 1 / 2 to complete tube blocking. Observe for 24-48 hours whether there is dyspnea, good oxygenation function, and no chest tightness or discomfort. 5. Tube blocking care: During the tube blocking process, if the patient has too much sputum to cough out through the throat, negative pressure sputum suction care is required. The movable sealing plate 8 is completely opened directly, and the sputum suction tube is inserted through the half opening at the top of the main tube 1 to perform sputum suction care; 6. Extubation: Observe the patient for 48 hours and find that he has no dyspnea, good oxygenation function, no chest tightness or discomfort, and meets the requirements for extubation. Notify the doctor to perform the extubation.

[0027] Example detection results Thirty patients were randomly selected to undergo the plugging operation, of which 15 were in the experimental group and 15 were in the control group. The time from plugging trial to tube removal, adverse reactions, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups of patients.

[0028] 1. Comparison of the incidence of complications between the two groups The experimental group was successfully extubated 24-48 hours after plugging. No complications such as plugging device falling off and dyspnea occurred during the plugging process, and the effect was satisfactory. In the control group, 4 cases of plugging device falling off, 1 case of dyspnea, and 1 case of choking occurred. Fisher's exact test was used, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05), see Table 1.

[0029] Table 1 Comparison of complication rates between the two groups

[0030] As can be seen from Table 1, the P value is less than 0.01, and the statistical results are significant.

[0031] 2. Comparison of the blocking time between the two groups The time from intubation to extubation in the experimental group was (2.30±0.58) days, which was shorter than that in the control group (4.35±0.96) days. The difference was statistically significant (t=-6.381, P=0.007). See Table 2.

[0032] Table 2 Comparison of average occlusion time between the two groups

[0033] As can be seen from Table 2, the P value is less than 0.01, and the statistical results are significant.

[0034] 3. Satisfaction of patients in the two groups The patient satisfaction rate in the experimental group was 93.33%, and that in the control group was 40.00%, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). See Table 3.

[0035] Table 3 Comparison of patient satisfaction between the two groups

[0036] As can be seen from Table 3, the P value is less than 0.01, and the statistical results are significant.

[0037] All features disclosed in this specification, or all combinations of components and steps of the operating process disclosed, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any reasonable manner. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including claims and abstract), unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features with similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0038] The above is only a non-limiting implementation mode of the present invention, and a large number of embodiments can be derived. For ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the creative concept of the present invention and without making creative work, several modified and improved embodiments can be made, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controllable tracheal tube blocking device after tracheotomy, comprising: The main body (1), a partition (6), a rotating shaft through hole (7), an air pipe pipe (11), a base baffle (12), a connecting base (13), a pipe card (15), a reducer (16), a sealing ring (19), a rectangular connecting hole (20), an air pipe through hole (21), a rotating mechanism, and a fixed support mechanism, wherein the rotating mechanism comprises: a bearing group (3), a knob (4), a movable sealing plate (8), a rotating shaft (9), and a fastening bolt (10); the fixed support mechanism comprises a support member (2), a neck elastic band (5), a hanging The hook (17) and the hanging ear (18) are characterized in that: one side of the top of the main body (1) of the device is sealed and the other side is open, a partition (6) is provided on the sealed side, a rotating shaft through hole (7) is opened on the partition (6), a rotating mechanism is installed in the rotating shaft through hole (7), the main body (1) is provided with a hanging ear (18), the fixed support mechanism is connected to the hanging ear (18), the end of the main body (1) is threadedly connected to the reducer (16), and the reducer (16) is threadedly connected to the air pipe connecting pipe (11).

2. The controllable tracheal tube blocking device after tracheotomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism in the device has a bearing group (3) installed on the top of the rotating shaft through hole (7), a knob (4) installed on the top of the rotating shaft (9), a threaded hole provided on the bottom of the rotating shaft (9), the rotating shaft (9) passes through the bearing group (3) and the rotating shaft through hole (7), and a movable sealing plate (8) is fixed to the rotating shaft (9) by fastening bolts (10).

3. The controllable tracheal tube blocking device after tracheotomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the device, the fixed support mechanism is fixedly connected to support members (2) at both ends of the neck elastic band (5), and a hook (17) is fixedly mounted on the end of the support member (2), and the hook (17) is connected to the main pipe body (1) through a hook ear (18).

4. The controllable tracheal tube blocking device after tracheotomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pipe clamp (15) is provided on the outer circumference of the air pipe pipe (11) in the device, a base baffle (12) is provided on the connecting base (13), an air pipe through hole (21) is provided in the middle of the connecting base (13), and rectangular connecting holes (20) are provided at both ends of the connecting base (13). The air pipe pipe (11) and the connecting base (13) are connected by rotating the air pipe pipe (11).

5. The controllable tracheal tube blocking device after tracheotomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing ring (19) in the device is installed at the contact point between the edge of the movable sealing plate (8) and the inner wall of the main pipe body (1).

6. The controllable tracheal tube blocking device after tracheotomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the main pipe body (1) and the trachea pipe (11) in the device are provided with internal threads, and both ends of the reducer (16) are provided with external threads, and the reducer (16) is threadedly connected to the main pipe body (1) and the trachea pipe (11) through the external threads.

7. The method for controlling tracheal tube blocking after tracheotomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Evaluation of the trial tube plugging: The doctor should evaluate the patient's condition before conducting the trial tube plugging. The specific evaluation indicators are: ① The patient's condition is stable; ② The consciousness is moderately impaired; ③ The cough reflex is good, and sputum can be partially coughed out from the tracheotomy; ④ The swallowing function, i.e., the Kubota drinking test, is above level 4; ⑤ When the patient is not inhaling oxygen, SpO2 ≥ 90%, PaO2 ≥ 60 mmHg and PaCO2 ≤ 50 mmHg, the doctor should consider plugging the tube; (2) Preparation before blocking the tube: ① Explain the significance, method, precautions, possible adverse reactions and measures of blocking the tube to the patient and his family, and obtain their cooperation; ② The operator washes and disinfects his hands, wears gloves, first sucks out the sputum in the patient's trachea, and removes the inner tube; ③ Under the principle of aseptic operation, remove the controllable tracheal tube blocking device and set it aside for later use; (3) Installation of the device: Wrap the neck elastic band (5) around the patient's neck for later use, take out the reducer (16) that matches the trachea model and connect it to the main body (1), the other end of the reducer (16) is threadedly connected to the trachea pipe (11), the trachea (14) is inserted into the trachea pipe (11) through the tracheal perforation (21) in the middle of the connecting base (13) and kept tight, fix the connecting base (13) to the incision site of the patient through the rectangular connecting holes (20) at both ends with a bandage or gauze, and finally connect the support member (2) to the main body (1) through the hook (17); during this process, it is necessary to closely observe the patient's vital signs, including heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and breathing, to ensure that the patient does not have uncomfortable symptoms such as difficulty breathing and decreased blood oxygen saturation; (4) Tube blocking operation: If it is necessary to first perform semi-blocking of the tube according to the patient's condition, the operator rotates the knob (4) to rotate the shaft (9) to fully open the movable sealing plate (8) so that a fan-shaped semicircular plug is formed in the main tube body (1). Tube blocking begins when the blocking area is 1 / 2. No discomfort is felt for 24 hours. The operator rotates the knob (4) to rotate the shaft (9) to drive the movable sealing plate (8) to perform tube blocking operation until the movable sealing plate (8) completely closes the channel in the main tube body (1) and the blocking area transitions from 1 / 2 to complete tube blocking. Observe for 24-48 hours whether there is any dyspnea, good oxygenation function, or no chest tightness or discomfort. (5) Tube blocking care: During the tube blocking process, if the patient has too much sputum to cough out through the throat, negative pressure sputum suction care is required. The movable sealing plate (8) is completely opened and the sputum suction tube is inserted through the half-opening at the top of the main tube (1) to perform the sputum suction care operation; (6) Extubation: After 48 hours of observation, if the patient has no dyspnea, good oxygenation function, or chest tightness or discomfort, and meets the requirements for extubation, notify the doctor to perform the extubation.

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