A rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of medical data processing technology, and proposes a rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, comprising: continuously monitoring and obtaining the patient's blood oxygen saturation and heart rate data throughout the day, and recording the patient's exercise data; dividing the patient into several exercise stages; analyzing the fluctuations in the patient's blood oxygen saturation data between two adjacent exercise stages, combining the blood oxygen saturation data and its changing trends during the patient's exercise stages, and determining the oxygen drop characterization parameter for each exercise stage of the patient; obtaining the control uniformity of each exercise stage of the patient; adjusting the critical threshold value of the patient's blood oxygen saturation in each exercise stage; and performing real-time monitoring of the blood oxygen saturation based on the critical threshold value of each exercise stage of the patient to assist in the management of the patient's rehabilitation process. The present invention aims to solve the problem of misjudgment caused by blood oxygen changes during exercise during the patient's blood oxygen monitoring process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical data processing, and in particular to a rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Background Art

[0002] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Its main symptoms include dyspnea, cough, sputum production, and decreased exercise tolerance. A COPD patient's blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) is a key indicator of disease severity and recovery. SpO2 monitoring can directly assess a patient's oxygenation status. Hypoxemia (SpO2 < 90%) is a key predictor of acute exacerbations and poor prognosis in COPD patients. In recent years, with the development of wearable devices and intelligent algorithms, SpO2 monitoring technology has significantly improved. Devices such as smart bracelets and smart watches can continuously monitor SpO2 in real time. By combining heart rate, exercise data, and environmental information, machine learning algorithms can correct for interference features and improve monitoring accuracy.

[0003] In existing technologies, traditional SpO2 monitoring methods primarily rely on pulse oximeters, which are typically used only under static conditions and lack the ability to correct for interfering factors. For COPD patients, SpO2 fluctuations during daily activities (such as a temporary drop in blood oxygen due to exercise) may be misinterpreted as a worsening of their condition. Existing methods typically use thresholds to measure abnormalities in determining a patient's blood oxygen saturation, making it difficult to correct for the impact of exercise on a patient's SpO2. This can easily lead to misjudgments and fail to accurately reflect a patient's true blood oxygen status. Therefore, by analyzing the changing trends of a patient's SpO2 data during different stages of exercise and measuring its convergence and divergence, critical thresholds can be dynamically and accurately determined, thereby improving monitoring accuracy and reliability and providing strong support for patient rehabilitation management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to solve the problem of misjudgment caused by changes in blood oxygen levels during exercise during existing blood oxygen monitoring of patients. The technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] Continuously monitor and obtain the patient's blood oxygen saturation and heart rate data throughout the day, and record the patient's exercise data, including the patient's exercise type and exercise speed;

[0007] Based on the patient's exercise data and the time changes of the patient's heart rate data, the patient's exercise stages are divided into several stages; the fluctuation of the patient's blood oxygen saturation data in two adjacent exercise stages is analyzed, and the oxygen drop characterization parameters of the patient in each exercise stage are determined by combining the blood oxygen saturation data and its change trend during the patient's exercise stages;

[0008] Analyze the differences in oxygen depletion parameters between exercise phases at similar exercise intensities, and combine them with the temporal distribution of the exercise phases to determine the control uniformity of each patient's exercise phase. Combined with the changing trends of oxygen depletion parameters during exercise phases at the same exercise intensity and the blood oxygen saturation during each exercise phase, adjust the critical threshold of the patient's blood oxygen saturation during each exercise phase.

[0009] Real-time monitoring of blood oxygen saturation is performed based on the critical thresholds at each stage of patient movement to assist in the management of the patient's rehabilitation process.

[0010] Optionally, the method of dividing the patient's exercise stages based on the patient's exercise data and combining the time changes of the patient's heart rate data includes the following specific methods:

[0011] Obtain the patient's exercise intensity at each moment based on the patient's exercise type and speed, as well as the patient's heart rate data differences;

[0012] Sorting the patient's exercise intensity at each moment in chronological order to obtain the patient's exercise intensity sequence, and obtaining the mutation point in the patient's exercise intensity sequence;

[0013] The patient's exercise intensity sequence is divided into several segments through mutation points, and each segment serves as a movement stage of the patient.

[0014] Optionally, the patient's exercise intensity at each moment is obtained in the following specific method:

[0015] Collect the patient's heart rate data for all types of exercise, both at rest and in awake state, and calculate the average value as the patient's resting heart rate; obtain the patient's maximum heart rate data that can be achieved at the corresponding age and physical condition;

[0016] Based on the difference between the patient's heart rate data at any time and the resting heart rate, the proportion of the difference between the maximum heart rate data and the resting heart rate, combined with the product of the patient's exercise type and exercise speed at that moment, the patient's exercise intensity at that moment is obtained.

[0017] Optionally, the oxygen drop characterization parameter of the patient at each exercise stage is obtained by:

[0018] Obtain the blood oxygen saturation at each moment in the corresponding time period of any exercise stage and calculate the standard deviation as the blood oxygen saturation standard deviation of the exercise stage;

[0019] For any two adjacent exercise phases, if the standard deviation of the blood oxygen saturation in the previous exercise phase is greater than the standard deviation of the blood oxygen saturation in the next exercise phase, the previous exercise phase will have a baseline effect on the change in blood oxygen saturation in the next exercise phase.

[0020] Obtaining the blood oxygen saturation at each moment in the corresponding time period of any exercise stage and arranging them in chronological order to obtain a blood oxygen saturation sequence for that exercise stage; obtaining extreme points of the blood oxygen saturation sequence, and obtaining a number of descending segments between the maximum and minimum points as a number of blood oxygen descending segments for that exercise stage;

[0021] Based on the standard deviation of blood oxygen saturation during exercise, the blood oxygen saturation sequence and the blood oxygen drop segment therein, as well as the adjacent previous exercise stage and baseline influence, the oxygen drop characterization parameters of the patient in each exercise stage are obtained.

[0022] Optionally, the method of obtaining the oxygen drop characterization parameters of the patient at each exercise stage includes:

[0023]

[0024] in, Indicates that the patient The oxygen drop characterization parameters of each exercise stage, Indicates the The first blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage, Indicates the The mean of all blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage, Indicates the Standard deviation of blood oxygen saturation during each exercise phase; Indicates the The range of all blood oxygen saturation levels in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the adjacent previous exercise stage; Indicates the The number of blood oxygen drop segments in each exercise stage, Indicates the In the first stage of movement The extreme difference of blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen drop segment, Indicates the In the first stage of movement The length of time that blood oxygen decreases.

[0025] Optionally, the analysis of the differences in oxygen drop characterization parameters between exercise stages of similar exercise intensity in patients, combined with the time distribution of the exercise stages, to obtain the control uniformity of each exercise stage of the patient includes the following specific methods:

[0026] Determine the difference between the patient's exercise intensity in each exercise phase, obtain several similar exercise phases in each exercise phase, and obtain the time interval between any exercise phase and any similar exercise phase;

[0027] According to the absolute value of the difference between the oxygen drop characterization parameters of any exercise stage of the patient and their similar exercise stages, and using the inverse proportional value of the time interval between the exercise stage and the corresponding similar exercise stage as the weight, the control uniformity of the exercise stage is weighted to obtain the control uniformity, and the absolute value of the difference between the oxygen drop characterization parameters is negatively correlated.

[0028] Optionally, the method of determining the difference between the exercise intensities of the patient in each exercise phase and obtaining several similar exercise phases in each exercise phase includes the following specific methods:

[0029] For any exercise phase, the mean of all exercise intensities in the exercise phase is obtained as the exercise intensity of the exercise phase;

[0030] Several motion stages whose absolute value of the difference between the motion intensity and the motion intensity of the motion stage is less than or equal to the motion similarity threshold are regarded as similar motion stages of the motion stage.

[0031] Optionally, the adjustment to obtain the critical threshold of the patient's blood oxygen saturation at each exercise stage includes the following specific methods:

[0032] For the oxygen drop characterization parameters of any exercise stage and all similar exercise stages, a straight line fitting is performed according to the time series relationship, and the slope of the fitted straight line is obtained as the degree of change of the oxygen drop characterization parameters of similar exercise stages in the exercise stage;

[0033] No. Discreteness of blood oxygen saturation data in each exercise stage The calculation method is:

[0034]

[0035] in, Indicates the The control uniformity of the movement phase, Indicates the The oxygen drop characterization parameters of each exercise stage, Indicates the The mean of the absolute values of the differences between the oxygen depletion parameters of a movement stage and its similar movement stages, Indicates the The degree of change of oxygen drop characterization parameters in similar exercise stages;

[0036] According to the discreteness of the blood oxygen saturation data and its blood oxygen saturation sequence during the exercise stage, the lower limit of the normal range of blood oxygen saturation is adjusted to obtain the critical threshold of blood oxygen saturation in the corresponding exercise stage.

[0037] Optionally, the adjusting the lower limit of the normal range of blood oxygen saturation to obtain a critical threshold of blood oxygen saturation corresponding to the exercise stage includes the following specific methods:

[0038]

[0039] in, Indicates the lower limit of the normal range of blood oxygen saturation. Indicates the The mean of all blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage, Indicates the The discreteness of blood oxygen saturation data in each exercise stage, represents the absolute value function.

[0040] Optionally, the real-time monitoring of blood oxygen saturation based on the critical threshold value at each exercise stage of the patient includes the following specific methods:

[0041] For the current exercise stage, if the patient's blood oxygen saturation is higher than or equal to the critical threshold, and the oxygen drop characterization parameter of this exercise stage is less than or equal to the average of the oxygen drop characterization parameters of all previous exercise stages, the patient's blood oxygen saturation is normal;

[0042] If the patient's blood oxygen saturation is higher than the critical threshold or lower than the critical threshold, or the oxygen drop characterization parameter of this exercise stage is greater than the average of the oxygen drop characterization parameters of all previous exercise stages, the patient's blood oxygen saturation is abnormal.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: based on the patient's exercise data and heart rate data at the corresponding moment, the present invention determines the patient's exercise intensity at each moment and divides the exercise stage accordingly, providing a basis for subsequently dynamically obtaining the critical threshold of blood oxygen saturation based on the exercise stage; at the same time, considering the impact of the decline and recovery of blood oxygen saturation under different exercise states on adjacent exercise stages, the analysis process of the downward trend of blood oxygen saturation in the exercise stage is corrected, and an oxygen drop characterization parameter that more intuitively reflects the data fluctuation and downward trend of blood oxygen saturation within an exercise stage is obtained; based on the oxygen drop characterization parameter of the exercise stage, by analyzing the oxygen drop characterization parameter of the current exercise stage with the oxygen drop characterization parameter of other exercise stages under similar exercise intensity, a comparative uniformity is obtained to reflect the patient's current physical recovery status, and the patient's body adaptability to different exercise stages and the dynamic compensation of lung function are quantified in real time, and the critical threshold of each exercise stage is adjusted accordingly, thereby ensuring that the critical threshold of different exercise stages can comprehensively consider the patient's recovery status and physical condition, and reducing the possibility of misjudgment of abnormal blood oxygen saturation in the patient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 A flowchart of a rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is an example diagram of changes in blood oxygen saturation under different exercise conditions during the day;

[0047] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of blood oxygen saturation fluctuations under changing exercise stages. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flow chart of a rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease provided by one embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step S001: Continuously monitor and obtain the patient's blood oxygen saturation and heart rate data throughout the day, and record the patient's exercise data.

[0051] The purpose of this embodiment is to assess the oxygenation status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during their rehabilitation phase based on their blood oxygen saturation SpO2, reflecting their condition and recovery to a certain extent. However, fluctuations in blood oxygen saturation SpO2 during daily exercise may lead to misdiagnosis of the condition. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the dynamic threshold for judgment by analyzing the changing trend of blood oxygen saturation SpO2 during daily exercise. First, it is necessary to obtain the patient's blood oxygen saturation SpO2 data. The patient wears a smart bracelet to monitor the data in real time during daily activities. Through intelligent data analysis and feedback mechanisms, long-term and dynamic monitoring data support is achieved for the precise management and rehabilitation of COPD patients.

[0052] Specifically, the smart bracelet worn by the patient integrates multiple sensors, including optical sensors (red light and infrared light), heart rate sensors, accelerometers and gyroscopes. Photoplethysmography (PPG technology) uses an optical sensor to emit light of a specific wavelength (usually green light) to detect changes in the intensity of reflected light after the light passes through the skin and tissue, thereby calculating the patient's blood oxygen saturation SpO2 data; an accelerometer and gyroscope are used to record the patient's daily activity data, including exercise type and exercise speed (resting, walking, running, etc.), and a heart rate sensor is used to monitor heart rate data; the acquisition frequency in this embodiment is set to be once every 1 minute. The schematic diagram of the changes in blood oxygen saturation and exercise type within a day is shown in the figure below. Figure 2 As shown, the smart bracelet automatically divides the exercise types into 4 types and marks them, including resting marked as 0, light exercise marked as 1, moderate exercise marked as 2, and intense exercise marked as 3; the patient's blood oxygen saturation, heart rate data and exercise data at several times a day are obtained.

[0053] It should be noted that in order to ensure that the collected data accurately and completely covers the patient's real-time condition, the collected data needs to be preprocessed, including data cleaning to remove abnormally large or abnormally small data caused by sensor failure or signal interference; for missing data, linear interpolation or spline interpolation and other methods are used to supplement it to ensure data continuity; the preprocessing method and process are well-known technologies and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0054] Step S002: Based on the patient's exercise data and the time changes of the patient's heart rate data, the patient's exercise stages are divided; the fluctuation of the blood oxygen saturation data in two adjacent exercise stages of the patient is analyzed, and the oxygen drop characterization parameters of each exercise stage of the patient are determined by combining the blood oxygen saturation data and its change trend in the patient's exercise stages.

[0055] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the patient's exercise data is combined with the time variation of the patient's heart rate data to obtain several exercise stages of the patient, including the following specific methods:

[0056] It should be noted that the patient's body will have different movement states in daily life. Daily activities may cause the patient's SpO2 fluctuations (temporary decrease in blood oxygen caused by exercise), which may be misdiagnosed as worsening of the disease. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the patient's exercise intensity in daily activities. The blood oxygen saturation data of the patient at different exercise intensities has different standards for reflecting the patient's oxygenation status, so as to correct the impact of exercise on blood oxygen saturation and restore the patient's true oxygenation level in the resting state. This correction can not only avoid misdiagnosis of the disease, but also provide a scientific basis for the formulation of personalized rehabilitation plans, thereby more accurately reflecting the patient's condition and rehabilitation effect.

[0057] It should be further explained that when evaluating the patient's exercise intensity, the basic intensity will vary depending on the type of exercise. The speed of exercise also directly affects the intensity of exercise, and heart rate is a key indicator that reflects the body's stress level during exercise. It is necessary to consider the changes in the patient's exercise speed at each moment and the changes in heart rate under different exercise states on the basis of the type of exercise, comprehensively quantify the patient's exercise intensity at each moment, and use this to divide the exercise interpretation.

[0058] Specifically, the patient's exercise data at each moment is monitored by the smart bracelet, including the exercise type and exercise speed at each moment, and the patient's heart rate data at each moment is obtained; the patient's heart rate data for all exercise types in a resting and awake state are counted, and the average value is calculated as the patient's resting heart rate; the patient's maximum heart rate data that can be achieved at the corresponding age and body state is obtained through the smart watch (the patient is still in a normal state and has not fallen ill. The maximum heart rate data); then the patient's Exercise intensity at each moment The calculation method is:

[0059]

[0060] in, Indicates that the patient The type of movement at that moment, Indicates that the patient The speed of movement at a moment, Indicates that the patient Heart rate data at each moment, represents the patient's resting heart rate, Indicates the patient's maximum heart rate data.

[0061] It should be noted that the exercise type and exercise speed are used to reflect the exercise state at the corresponding moment. Different exercise types have different basic intensities. Combined with the exercise speed, the basic intensity based on the exercise type is further amplified or reduced, so that the calculation results can more accurately reflect the changes in actual exercise intensity with speed. The exercise type in the resting state is marked as 0, and the corresponding final exercise intensity is also 0; and by proportionally quantifying the current heart rate, resting heart rate and maximum heart rate, it reflects the degree of utilization of the patient's current heart rate compared to the maximum heart rate in the normal state of the body. The closer it is to the maximum heart rate, the higher the exercise intensity.

[0062] Furthermore, the patient's exercise intensity at each moment is sorted in chronological order to obtain the patient's exercise intensity sequence. The Bayesian change point detection algorithm is used to obtain the mutation points in the patient's exercise intensity sequence. The patient's exercise intensity sequence is divided into several segments through the mutation points. Each segment serves as a movement stage of the patient. Each movement stage contains a section of the patient's exercise intensity sorted in chronological order, wherein the mutation points are all used as the first exercise intensity in each movement stage. The Bayesian change point detection algorithm is a well-known technology and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0063] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the fluctuation of the blood oxygen saturation data in two adjacent exercise stages of the patient is analyzed, and the blood oxygen saturation data and its changing trend in the patient's exercise stages are combined to determine the oxygen drop characterization parameter of each exercise stage of the patient, including the specific method of:

[0064] It should be noted that due to the characteristics of COPD patients' physical function recovery and adaptation, and the fact that exercise stages do not exist in isolation, the previous exercise stage will inevitably have a baseline impact on the current exercise stage. It takes time for patients to recover from fatigue and adjust their oxygenation status after exercise. Therefore, before entering a new exercise stage, it is necessary to analyze the fluctuations in blood oxygen saturation data from the previous exercise stage. This can intuitively understand the patient's body's response to the previous exercise, and then reasonably adjust the current exercise intensity and rest time to ensure the patient's exercise safety and recovery effect. For example, if the SpO2 drops significantly after the previous exercise stage and the recovery is poor, it will cause errors in the SpO2 of the next exercise stage.

[0065] It is further necessary to explain that if Figure 3 As shown, exercise stage 2 should be an exercise stage with relatively low exercise intensity. Under the influence of exercise stage 1, the early stage of exercise stage 2 includes the SpO2 recovery part of the previous exercise stage. When this situation exists, when performing characteristic analysis of decreased blood oxygen saturation based on all data of exercise stage 2, there will be a certain deviation. That is, before the patient enters a certain exercise stage, the fluctuation of the SpO2 data of the adjacent previous exercise stage will have a baseline impact on the current exercise stage.

[0066] Specifically, for any exercise stage, the blood oxygen saturation at each moment in the corresponding time period of the exercise stage is obtained and the standard deviation is calculated as the standard deviation of the blood oxygen saturation of the exercise stage; for any two adjacent exercise stages, if the standard deviation of the blood oxygen saturation of the previous exercise stage is greater than the standard deviation of the blood oxygen saturation of the next exercise stage, then the previous exercise stage has a baseline impact on the blood oxygen saturation change of the next exercise stage.

[0067] Further, the Take the movement stage as an example, and get the The blood oxygen saturation at each moment in the corresponding time period of each exercise stage is arranged in chronological order to obtain the first The blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage; obtain the extreme point of the blood oxygen saturation sequence, and obtain the descending segment between the maximum point and the minimum point, that is, a sequence of the blood oxygen saturation decreasing over time, which is recorded as the first There are several blood oxygen drop segments in each exercise stage, then Oxygen drop characterization parameters for each exercise stage The calculation method is:

[0068]

[0069] in, Indicates the The first blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage, Indicates the The mean of all blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage, Indicates the Standard deviation of blood oxygen saturation during each exercise phase; Indicates the The range of all blood oxygen saturation levels in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the adjacent exercise stage in each exercise stage, that is, the range of change of blood oxygen saturation in the previous exercise stage is reflected by the range; Indicates the The number of blood oxygen drop segments in each exercise stage, Indicates the In the first stage of movement The extreme difference of blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen drop segment, Indicates the In the first stage of movement The length of time for the blood oxygen drop segment; In particular, when the previous exercise stage of any exercise stage does not affect the change of its blood oxygen saturation, or it is the first exercise stage (that is, there is no other exercise stage before), it is directly The results are used as the oxygen drop characterization parameters for the corresponding exercise stage.

[0070] It should be noted that first, it is necessary to judge whether there is an influence based on the standard deviation of blood oxygen saturation in two adjacent exercise stages, that is, to avoid misjudging the baseline influence brought by the previous stage when the previous exercise stage is stable and the next exercise stage decreases; and the larger the standard deviation of blood oxygen saturation in the next exercise stage, and the greater the amplitude of change of blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen decrease segment (the larger the range) and the shorter the time length, the more obvious the blood oxygen fluctuation in the next exercise stage and the more rapid downward trend there is, and the larger the oxygen drop characterization parameter; and when the previous exercise stage affects the next exercise stage, the next exercise stage is usually in the recovery process of the previous exercise stage, then the difference between the first blood oxygen saturation of the next exercise stage and the mean blood oxygen saturation of the next exercise stage is measured, and its proportion in the change amplitude of the previous exercise stage is quantified, so as to reflect the effect of the recovery process of the previous exercise stage on the blood oxygen saturation of the next exercise stage, thereby removing the baseline influence.

[0071] At this point, based on the patient's exercise data and heart rate data at the corresponding moment, the patient's exercise intensity at each moment is determined and the exercise stages are divided accordingly, providing a basis for the subsequent dynamic acquisition of the critical threshold of blood oxygen saturation based on the exercise stage; at the same time, the impact of the decrease and recovery of blood oxygen saturation under different exercise states on the adjacent exercise stages is taken into account, so as to correct the analysis process of the downward trend of blood oxygen saturation in the exercise stage, and obtain oxygen drop characterization parameters that more intuitively reflect the data fluctuations and downward trends of blood oxygen saturation within an exercise stage.

[0072] Step S003: Analyze the differences in oxygen drop characterization parameters between exercise stages at similar exercise intensities of the patient, and combine the time distribution of the exercise stages to obtain the control uniformity of each exercise stage of the patient; combine the changing trends of the oxygen drop characterization parameters of the patient's exercise stages at the same exercise intensity and the blood oxygen saturation in each exercise stage to adjust the critical threshold of the patient's blood oxygen saturation in each exercise stage.

[0073] It should be noted that, generally speaking, within a reasonable range of exercise intensity, the human respiratory and circulatory systems can maintain blood oxygen supply by increasing respiratory rate and blood output. Under normal circumstances, the SpO2 data of a person during exercise will usually remain within the normal range (95%-100%), without a significant decrease or frequent fluctuations. Different exercise intensities will have different effects on the cardiopulmonary function of COPD patients, which will lead to fluctuations in SpO2. The degree of this fluctuation (i.e., data discreteness) can reflect the patient's body's adaptation to different exercise intensities and the compensatory ability of lung function, and then dynamically adjust the critical thresholds of different exercise stages based on data discreteness. Data discreteness can be reflected by the similarity of SpO2 data within exercise stages of the same exercise intensity. The critical thresholds are thus dynamically adjusted for different exercise stages to reflect the patient's true blood oxygenation status, and to a certain extent, to explain the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the rehabilitation effect.

[0074] It should be further explained that the oxygen drop characterization parameters of the patient at a certain exercise stage can reflect the patient's adaptation and compensatory ability of lung function in the current exercise stage; however, setting a critical threshold for a certain exercise stage needs to be combined with the patient's basic body condition. Therefore, for the current patient, the blood oxygen saturation sequences of all exercise stages with the same exercise intensity in the historical data are selected, and the similarity of the change trends between the sequences is analyzed to measure the discreteness of the patient's blood oxygen saturation in this exercise stage compared with other exercise stages with the same exercise intensity.

[0075] It should be further explained that when the exercise intensity is similar in different exercise stages, the patient's body reaction is similar; by comparing the fluctuation trend and amplitude of the SpO2 data in the exercise stages under similar exercise intensity, it is helpful to summarize the approximate feedback of the patient's body under the same exercise intensity, and provide a more accurate basis for the subsequent formulation of rehabilitation strategies; for example, during low-intensity exercise, if the current SpO2 data change trend is similar to that of the low-intensity exercise stage in the historical data, with a slow decline and small fluctuation, then the smaller the discreteness of the current exercise stage, the more stable the body state; conversely, if the SpO2 data change trend in the current exercise stage is relatively different from the other change trends, the higher the discreteness, that is, the greater the impact on the critical threshold; if the discreteness is small, the critical threshold can be relatively loose; if the discreteness is large, a more stringent critical threshold needs to be set to ensure that the patient can undergo rehabilitation training under the premise of safety.

[0076] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the differences in oxygen drop characterization parameters between exercise stages of similar exercise intensities of the patient are analyzed, and combined with the time distribution of the exercise stages, the control uniformity of each exercise stage of the patient is obtained, including the specific method of:

[0077] For any movement stage, the average of all movement intensities in the movement stage is obtained as the movement intensity of the movement stage; a movement similarity threshold is preset, and the movement similarity threshold in this embodiment is described as 1, and several movement stages whose absolute value of the difference between the movement intensity and the movement intensity of the movement stage is less than or equal to the movement similarity threshold are taken as similar movement stages of the movement stage; based on the last moment of the time period corresponding to the similar movement stage and the first moment of the time stage corresponding to the movement stage, the time interval between the similar movement stage and the movement stage is obtained; it should be noted that the critical threshold acquisition process of the movement stage is all acquired in real time, so the similar movement stages are all movement stages before the movement stage.

[0078] Further, Control uniformity of each movement phase The calculation method is:

[0079]

[0080] in, Indicates the The number of similar motion phases of a motion phase, Indicates the Movement phase and its The absolute value of the difference between the oxygen drop characterization parameters of similar exercise stages, Indicates the Movement phase and its The time interval between similar motion phases, Indicates the total duration of the patient's recovery phase (the estimated duration of the patient's recovery process can be directly obtained).

[0081] It should be noted that, in similar exercise stages, the smaller the difference between the oxygen drop characterization parameters, the smaller the discreteness of the blood oxygen saturation change trend in this exercise stage compared with the historical exercise stages of similar exercise intensity, the higher the reference value of the historical exercise stage, the more stable the body state, the higher the control uniformity, and the blood oxygen saturation in this exercise stage can better reflect the patient's true blood oxygen state; at the same time, the weight of similar exercise stages is constructed according to the time interval. The smaller the time interval, the more effective the comparison of oxygen drop characterization parameters in similar exercise stages; conversely, the smaller the control uniformity, the greater the discreteness, the more unstable the body state, and further quantification of the discreteness of SpO2 data is required to set the critical threshold.

[0082] It should be further explained that when the control uniformity is low, it indicates that the SpO2 data of the current exercise stage has significantly larger fluctuations compared with similar exercise stages in the historical data. It is usually necessary to narrow the critical threshold range of the SpO2 data, that is, set it more strictly. For example, if it is found that the SpO2 data fluctuations of the current exercise stage are significantly greater than those of similar exercise stages in the historical data, then the critical threshold may need to be set to a value closer to the lower limit of the normal range than before, so as to promptly detect and deal with possible physical discomfort or abnormal conditions. And as the recovery time continues, at the same exercise intensity, different exercise stages show obvious patterns. The later the exercise stage, that is, the longer the recovery time, the more stable the SpO2 data and the smaller the decline. Therefore, for the first exercise stage, if the oxygen drop characterization parameter of all similar exercise stages in the historical data If the changing trend is gradually increasing, it reflects that the patient's current recovery state is good, the physical function is gradually improving, and the critical threshold range can be appropriately increased.

[0083] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the critical threshold of the patient's blood oxygen saturation at each exercise stage is adjusted based on the change trend of the oxygen drop characterization parameter at the patient's exercise stage at the same exercise intensity and the blood oxygen saturation data at each exercise stage, including the specific method of:

[0084] It should be noted that for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, their lung function is impaired, and the changes in SpO2 during exercise are relatively more significant; when the intensity of exercise increases, their SpO2 may decrease more easily, and their tolerance to hypoxia may be worse. Even a relatively small increase in exercise intensity may cause a significant decrease in SpO2. Therefore, different critical thresholds need to be determined to measure the patient's status at a specific exercise stage in the rehabilitation process.

[0085] Specifically, a coordinate system is constructed with the horizontal axis as the time and the vertical axis as the oxygen drop characterization parameter. The oxygen drop characterization parameters of each movement stage and all the oxygen drop characterization parameters of similar movement stages are mapped to the coordinate system to obtain several data points, among which the first moment of the corresponding time period of each movement stage is used for mapping. All data points are fitted with a straight line by the least squares method, and the slope of the fitted line is obtained as the first The degree of change of oxygen drop characterization parameters in similar exercise stages of each exercise stage.

[0086] Furthermore, the lower limit of the normal range of blood oxygen saturation is obtained. In this embodiment, it is set to 95%. Critical thresholds of blood oxygen saturation during exercise The calculation method is:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] in, Indicates the The discreteness of blood oxygen saturation data in each exercise stage, Indicates the The control uniformity of the movement phase, Indicates the The oxygen drop characterization parameters of each exercise stage, Indicates the The mean of the absolute values of the differences between the oxygen depletion parameters of a movement stage and its similar movement stages, Indicates the The degree of change of oxygen drop characterization parameters in similar exercise stages; Indicates the lower limit of the normal range of blood oxygen saturation. Indicates the The mean of all blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage, represents the absolute value function; Represents a linear normalization function, and the normalized object is the Movement phase and its previous movement phase .

[0090] It should be noted that when The larger the oxygen drop characterization parameter of a movement stage, and the greater the difference with the oxygen drop characterization parameter of all similar movement stages in the historical data, the greater the degree of abnormality in the movement stage, the more unstable the physical state, the greater the data discreteness, and it is necessary to appropriately expand the critical threshold range to avoid misjudgment caused by excessive data fluctuations; and when the oxygen drop characterization parameter changes more greatly, the patient's recovery is better at this time, and conversely, the data discreteness is reduced, and the critical threshold is closer to the lower limit of the normal range, that is, the larger the critical threshold.

[0091] It should be noted that in order to ensure patient safety, the critical threshold must not be lower than 90% based on the lower limit of human blood oxygen saturation. That is, if the critical threshold obtained in any exercise stage is less than 90%, the critical threshold is set to 90%.

[0092] At this point, based on the oxygen drop characterization parameters of the exercise stage, by analyzing the oxygen drop characterization parameters of the current exercise stage and the oxygen drop characterization parameters of other exercise stages under similar exercise intensity, the control uniformity is obtained to reflect the patient's current physical recovery status, and the patient's body's adaptability to different exercise stages and the dynamic compensation of lung function are quantified in real time. The critical thresholds of each exercise stage are adjusted accordingly to ensure that the critical thresholds of different exercise stages can comprehensively consider the patient's recovery status and physical condition, and reduce the possibility of misjudgment of abnormal blood oxygen saturation in the patient.

[0093] Step S004: Real-time monitoring of blood oxygen saturation is performed based on the critical thresholds of the patient at each exercise stage to assist in the management of the patient's rehabilitation process.

[0094] For the current exercise stage, the critical threshold of the blood oxygen saturation in this exercise stage has been obtained in the above process. If the patient's blood oxygen saturation is higher than or equal to the critical threshold, and the oxygen drop characterization parameter in this exercise stage is less than or equal to the average of the oxygen drop characterization parameters of all previous exercise stages (the fluctuation of blood oxygen saturation is within a reasonable range), the patient's blood oxygen saturation is normal, indicating that the patient is in good physical condition in the current exercise stage, the exercise intensity and rehabilitation plan are relatively appropriate, and rehabilitation training should continue according to the established plan; if the patient's blood oxygen saturation is higher than or lower than the critical threshold, or the oxygen drop characterization parameter in this exercise stage is greater than the average of the oxygen drop characterization parameters of all previous exercise stages, the patient's blood oxygen saturation is abnormal, and the patient may have poor tolerance to the current exercise intensity, which exceeds the patient's current physical tolerance. At this time, the wristband prompts the patient to appropriately reduce the exercise intensity and take a short rest to relieve physical stress, thereby realizing intelligent management of the rehabilitation process of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

[0095] It should be noted that blood oxygen saturation has certain limitations. It can only reflect the oxygen content in the blood and cannot fully reflect other aspects of lung function, such as ventilation function, airway resistance, etc.; therefore, when evaluating the recovery progress of COPD patients, it is also necessary to combine the patient's symptoms (such as cough, sputum, degree of dyspnea, etc.), lung function test results (such as FEV1, FEV1 / FVC, etc.), activity endurance and other relevant examination indicators for comprehensive judgment, so as to provide doctors with more accurate diagnostic basis.

[0096] At this point, this embodiment is completed.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Continuously monitor and obtain the patient's blood oxygen saturation and heart rate data throughout the day, and record the patient's exercise data, including the patient's exercise type and speed; Based on the patient's exercise data and combined with the time changes of the patient's heart rate data, the patient is divided into several exercise stages; the blood oxygen saturation at each moment in the corresponding time period of any exercise stage is obtained and the standard deviation is calculated as the blood oxygen saturation standard deviation of the exercise stage; for any two adjacent exercise stages, if the blood oxygen saturation standard deviation of the previous exercise stage is greater than the blood oxygen saturation standard deviation of the next exercise stage, the previous exercise stage has a baseline effect on the blood oxygen saturation change of the next exercise stage; the blood oxygen saturation at each moment in the corresponding time period of any exercise stage is obtained, and arranged in chronological order to obtain the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage; the extreme points of the blood oxygen saturation sequence are obtained, and the descending segments between the maximum points and the minimum points are obtained as the blood oxygen descending segments of the exercise stage; based on the blood oxygen saturation standard deviation of the exercise stage, the blood oxygen saturation sequence and the blood oxygen descending segments therein, as well as the adjacent previous exercise stage and the baseline effect, the oxygen drop characterization parameters of the patient's each exercise stage are obtained, and the method is as follows: in, Indicates that the patient The oxygen drop characterization parameters of each exercise stage, Indicates the The first blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage, Indicates the The mean of all blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage, Indicates the Standard deviation of blood oxygen saturation during each exercise phase; Indicates the The range of all blood oxygen saturation levels in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the adjacent previous exercise stage; Indicates the The number of blood oxygen drop segments in each exercise stage, Indicates the In the first stage of movement The extreme difference of blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen drop segment, Indicates the In the first stage of movement The length of time for each blood oxygen drop segment; The difference in exercise intensity between the patient's various exercise stages is determined to obtain several similar exercise stages for each exercise stage, and the time interval between any exercise stage and any similar exercise stage is obtained; based on the absolute value of the difference between the oxygen drop characterization parameter of any exercise stage and its various similar exercise stages, and using the inverse proportional value of the time interval between the exercise stage and the corresponding similar exercise stage as a weight, the control uniformity of the exercise stage is weighted to obtain a negative correlation between the control uniformity and the absolute value of the difference between the oxygen drop characterization parameter; combined with the change trend of the oxygen drop characterization parameter of the patient's exercise stage at the same exercise intensity and the blood oxygen saturation in each exercise stage, the critical threshold of the patient's blood oxygen saturation in each exercise stage is adjusted as follows: For the oxygen drop characterization parameters of any exercise stage and all similar exercise stages, a straight line fitting is performed according to the time series relationship, and the slope of the fitted straight line is obtained as the degree of change of the oxygen drop characterization parameters of similar exercise stages in the exercise stage; No. Discreteness of blood oxygen saturation data in each exercise stage The calculation method is: in, Indicates the The control uniformity of the movement phase, Indicates the The oxygen drop characterization parameters of each exercise stage, Indicates the The mean of the absolute values of the differences between the oxygen depletion parameters of a movement stage and its similar movement stages, Indicates the The degree of change of oxygen drop characterization parameters in similar exercise stages; Based on the discreteness of the blood oxygen saturation data during exercise and its blood oxygen saturation sequence, the lower limit of the normal range of blood oxygen saturation is adjusted to obtain the critical threshold of blood oxygen saturation during the corresponding exercise stage. The method is as follows: in, Indicates the lower limit of the normal range of blood oxygen saturation. Indicates the The mean of all blood oxygen saturation in the blood oxygen saturation sequence of the exercise stage, Indicates the The discreteness of blood oxygen saturation data in each exercise stage, represents the absolute value function; Real-time monitoring of blood oxygen saturation is performed based on the critical thresholds of each patient's exercise stage to assist in the management of the patient's rehabilitation process, including: for the current exercise stage, if the patient's blood oxygen saturation is higher than or equal to the critical threshold, and the oxygen drop characterization parameter of this exercise stage is less than or equal to the average of the oxygen drop characterization parameters of all previous exercise stages, the patient's blood oxygen saturation is normal; if the patient's blood oxygen saturation is higher than the critical threshold but lower than the critical threshold, or the oxygen drop characterization parameter of this exercise stage is greater than the average of the oxygen drop characterization parameters of all previous exercise stages, the patient's blood oxygen saturation is abnormal.

2. The rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the patient's exercise data and the time changes of the patient's heart rate data, the patient's exercise stages are divided, including the following specific methods: Obtain the patient's exercise intensity at each moment based on the patient's exercise type and speed, as well as the patient's heart rate data differences; Sorting the patient's exercise intensity at each moment in chronological order to obtain the patient's exercise intensity sequence, and obtaining the mutation point in the patient's exercise intensity sequence; The patient's exercise intensity sequence is divided into several segments through mutation points, and each segment serves as a movement stage of the patient.

3. The rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to claim 2, characterized in that: The patient's exercise intensity at each moment is obtained in the following way: Collect the patient's heart rate data for all types of exercise, both at rest and in awake state, and calculate the average value as the patient's resting heart rate; obtain the patient's maximum heart rate data that can be achieved at the corresponding age and physical condition; Based on the difference between the patient's heart rate data at any time and the resting heart rate, the proportion of the difference between the maximum heart rate data and the resting heart rate, combined with the product of the patient's exercise type and exercise speed at that moment, the patient's exercise intensity at that moment is obtained.

4. The rehabilitation management method for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differences in exercise intensity between the patient's various exercise phases are determined, and several similar exercise phases are obtained for each exercise phase, including the following specific methods: For any exercise phase, the mean of all exercise intensities in the exercise phase is obtained as the exercise intensity of the exercise phase; Several motion stages whose absolute value of the difference between the motion intensity and the motion intensity of the motion stage is less than or equal to the motion similarity threshold are regarded as similar motion stages of the motion stage.

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