A hole opening device for a no-tillage hole type reseeding machine for grassland restoration projects and a hole opening method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the grassland repair technical field, and particularly relates to a hole opening device of a grassland repair engineering no-tillage hole type reseeding machine and a hole opening method thereof. The hole opening device comprises a rack beam, a rack side plate, a spherical ball bearing with a square seat, a driving shaft, a hole opening roller assembly and a spacing sleeve. The hole opening roller assembly comprises a mandrel, a self-aligning roller bearing, a hole opening roller welding and a hole opening needle. The mandrel is fixedly sleeved on the driving shaft. The outer side of the mandrel is in a cylindrical shape. The axis of the cylindrical shape is coplanar with the axis of the driving shaft and has an included angle. When the driving shaft rotates, the hole opening roller welding swings left and right, so that the hole opening needle inserted into the ground swings left and right to expand the hole. The hole opening and expansion are simultaneously realized. The sowing of different varieties of grass seeds is adapted. The hole entry rate of the grass seeds during sowing is improved. The sowing efficiency is high. When the hole is expanded, the hole opening needle compacts the hole wall, improves the seed bed rate, and further improves the seed germination rate and the emergence rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grassland restoration technology, specifically to the hole-opening device and method of a no-till hole-type replanting machine for grassland restoration projects. Background Technology

[0002] Forage grass generally refers to grass or other herbaceous plants used for feeding livestock. Forage grass has strong regenerative ability, can be harvested multiple times a year, and is rich in various trace elements and vitamins, making it a top choice for livestock feed. Forage grass seeders are often used in the planting process, and these seeders are usually equipped with hole-opening devices.

[0003] For example, the utility model application CN201720826882.6, entitled "No-Till Forage Seeder," describes a no-till forage seeder comprising a traction device and multiple seeding devices. Each seeding device includes a traction beam, a pressing device, and a support plate. This no-till forage seeder eliminates the need for tilling the grassland during reseeding; the seeding device is simply pulled by the traction device. As the seeding device moves, it first presses holes into the grassland using the pressing device. Then, as the seed tube, fertilizer tube, water tube, and soil tube pass through the holes in sequence, the seed, fertilizer water-retaining agent, water, and soil are sequentially filled into the holes. Finally, the seeding is compacted by a pressing wheel, completing the reseeding operation. This process eliminates the need for tilling the grassland, does not damage the existing turf or vegetation, and promotes vegetation recovery. The entire process is automated and suitable for widespread application in the forage seeding field.

[0004] This seeder can sow seeds without damaging the existing turf vegetation. Its hole-opening device uses a traction device to pull the rollers, causing the conical inserts on the surface of the rollers to penetrate the ground and open holes.

[0005] However, in the process of forage planting, it is often necessary to sow different varieties of forage, such as grasses and legumes. The size, shape and weight of grass seeds are different, and the required seed hole size is also different. However, the seeder's hole opening device has a fixed hole size, which cannot adapt to the sowing of different varieties of grass seeds, affecting the seed entry rate during sowing and resulting in low sowing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing hole-opening devices that fix the hole size, this invention provides a hole-opening device and method for no-till replanting machines used in grassland restoration projects. This allows for simultaneous hole opening and expansion, adapting to different grass seed varieties, increasing the seed penetration rate, and improving sowing efficiency. During hole expansion, the hole walls are compacted, improving seed implantation rate, and consequently, increasing germination and emergence rates.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] The no-till hole-type replanting machine hole-opening device for grassland restoration projects includes: a frame crossbeam, frame side plates, spherical ball bearings with square seats, a drive shaft, hole-opening roller assemblies, and spacer sleeves. Each end of the frame crossbeam is provided with a frame side plate, and each of the two frame side plates is provided with a spherical ball bearing with a square seat. The two spherical ball bearings with square seats are respectively provided at both ends of the drive shaft. Several hole-opening roller assemblies are spaced apart on the drive shaft, and spacer sleeves are provided between adjacent hole-opening roller assemblies.

[0009] The cavity-opening roller assembly includes: a mandrel, a self-aligning roller bearing, a cavity-opening roller weld, and cavity-opening needles. The mandrel is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft. The outer side of the mandrel is cylindrical, and the axis of the cylinder is coplanar with the axis of the drive shaft and forms an angle. A self-aligning roller bearing is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the cylindrical surface. A cavity-opening roller weld is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the self-aligning roller bearing. Several cavity-opening needles are provided on the outer surface of the cavity-opening roller weld, and each cavity-opening needle is arranged radially along the cavity-opening roller weld.

[0010] Preferably, the drive shaft is a hexagonal shaft with cylindrical ends, and one cylindrical end has a keyway for mounting a drive sprocket.

[0011] Preferably, the mandrel has a hexagonal hole inside that corresponds to the drive shaft, and the angle between the outer cylindrical axis of the mandrel and the axis of the inner hexagonal hole is 2.5 degrees.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side of the spacer sleeve is cylindrical, and the through hole inside the spacer sleeve is a hexagonal hole corresponding to the drive shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the inner ring of the welded cavity roller is provided with a bearing seat for mounting the self-aligning roller bearing, and the outer ring of the welded cavity roller is provided with a plurality of large needle plates and small needle plates in a ring array, with the large needle plates and small needle plates spaced apart. One end of the large needle plate is aligned with one end of the small needle plate, and the other end of the large needle plate protrudes beyond the other end of the small needle plate. The large needle plates on both sides of the same small needle plate protrude toward the two ends of the small needle plate respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the cavity-opening roller assemblies is even, and the spindles of two adjacent cavity-opening roller assemblies are mirror images of each other with their mid-surface.

[0015] The method for creating planting holes using a no-till hole-type replanting machine in grassland restoration projects includes the following steps:

[0016] Step a, traction movement; connect the cavity opening device to the traction mechanism, lower the cavity opening device so that the cavity opening roller assembly contacts the ground, and drag the cavity opening device to move by the traction mechanism;

[0017] Step b, opening the acupoint; the opening roller assembly of the opening roller assembly is welded and rolled on the ground, so that the opening needle on the welded surface of the opening roller is inserted into the ground;

[0018] Step c, expanding the planting hole; the power system provides power to the drive shaft, causing the drive shaft to rotate, and the drive shaft drives the mandrel on its surface to rotate. Since the outer side of the mandrel is cylindrical, the axis of the cylinder is coplanar with the axis of the drive shaft and there is an angle between them, so that the mandrel swings back and forth as it rotates with the drive shaft, and then the opening roller connected to the outer side of the mandrel through the self-aligning roller bearing swings back and forth, driving the opening needle inserted into the ground to swing back and forth to expand the planting hole;

[0019] Step d: Adjust the size of the hole; change the travel speed of the traction mechanism to change the time the hole-opening needle stays in the soil after being inserted into the ground, change the rotation speed of the drive shaft driven by the power system to change the time it takes for the hole-opening needle to swing back and forth once, and when the time the hole-opening needle stays in the soil is less than the time it takes for the hole-opening needle to swing back and forth once, adjust the size of the hole-opening needle by changing the time the hole-opening needle stays in the soil and the time it takes for the hole-opening needle to swing back and forth once, either alone or at the same time.

[0020] Preferably, the method is applied to the hole-opening device of a no-till hole-type replanting machine in grassland restoration projects. The hole-opening device includes: a frame crossbeam, a frame side plate, a spherical ball bearing with a square seat, a drive shaft, a hole-opening roller assembly, and a spacer sleeve.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a hole-opening device and method for no-till hole-type replanting machines in grassland restoration projects, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The hole-opening device is moved by a traction mechanism. When the drive shaft moves forward, the hole-opening rollers roll on the ground, and the hole-opening needles on their surfaces insert into the ground to open holes. At the same time, the drive shaft rotates. Due to the self-aligning roller bearings, the drive shaft does not drive the hole-opening rollers to rotate. Since the outer side of the mandrel is cylindrical, the axis of this cylinder is coplanar with the axis of the drive shaft and forms an angle. When the drive shaft rotates, it causes the hole-opening rollers to swing left and right, causing the hole-opening needles inserted into the ground to swing left and right to expand the holes. This achieves hole-opening and hole-expanding simultaneously, adapting to the sowing of different varieties of grass seeds, improving the seed penetration rate during sowing, and increasing sowing efficiency. When expanding the holes, the hole-opening needles compact the hole walls, improving the seed implantation rate, and thus improving the seed germination rate and seedling emergence rate.

[0023] 2. By changing the travel speed of the traction mechanism, the time the hole-opening needle remains in the soil after being inserted into the ground is altered. By changing the rotation speed of the drive shaft driven by the power system, the time it takes for the hole-opening needle to swing back and forth once is changed. When the time the hole-opening needle remains in the soil is less than the time it takes for the hole-opening needle to swing back and forth once, the size of the hole-opening hole is adjusted by changing the amplitude of the back and forth swing of the hole-opening needle during the time the hole-opening needle remains in the soil. In this way, the degree of hole-opening can be changed, further adapting to the hole-opening needs of different grass seed varieties and improving sowing efficiency.

[0024] 3. The present invention provides a method for opening holes in a no-till hole-type replanting machine for grassland restoration projects, comprising: step a, traction movement; step b, opening holes; step c, expanding holes; and step d, adjusting the size of the expanded holes. This method enables simultaneous hole opening and expansion, which not only improves grassland aeration and water retention capacity but also adapts to the sowing of different grass seed varieties, increases the seed penetration rate during sowing, and achieves high sowing efficiency. Furthermore, it allows for adjustments to the degree of hole expansion to further adapt to the needs of different grass seed varieties, thereby improving sowing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after removing the frame crossbeam and frame side plate;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cavity-opening roller assembly Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cavity-opening roller assembly Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cavity expansion principle of the cavity-opening roller assembly.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mandrel;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the mandrel;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a side view of the mandrel structure.

[0033] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the large and small needle plates;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the acupoint opening method of the present invention.

[0035] The components include: 1. Frame crossbeam; 2. Frame side plate; 3. Spherical ball bearing with square seat; 4. Drive shaft; 5. Cavity roller assembly; 6. Spacer sleeve; 5-1. Mandrel; 5-2. Self-aligning roller bearing; 5-3. Cavity roller welding; 5-4. Cavity needle; 5-5. Shaft seat; 5-6. Large needle plate; 5-7. Small needle plate; 5-8. Boss; 5-9. Indicator hole; 5-10. Shaft retaining ring; 5-11. Hole retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of specific embodiments of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described specific embodiments are only a part of the present invention, and not all of it. Based on the specific embodiments of the present invention, all other specific embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific Implementation Method 1

[0038] The following is a detailed implementation method for the hole-opening device of the no-till hole-type replanting machine in grassland restoration projects.

[0039] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment, the no-till hole-type replanting machine hole-opening device for grassland restoration projects includes: a frame beam 1, a frame side plate 2, a spherical ball bearing with a square seat 3, a drive shaft 4, hole-opening roller assemblies 5, and spacer sleeves 6. A frame side plate 2 is provided at both ends of the frame beam 1, and a spherical ball bearing with a square seat 3 is provided on each of the two frame side plates 2. The two spherical ball bearings with square seats 3 are respectively provided at both ends of the drive shaft 4. A plurality of hole-opening roller assemblies 5 are spaced apart on the drive shaft 4, and spacer sleeves 6 are provided between adjacent hole-opening roller assemblies 5.

[0040] The machine frame beam 1 is connected to the traction mechanism, which drives the cavity opening device to move. The drive shaft 4 is rotatably mounted on the side plate 2 of the machine frame through the spherical ball bearing 3 with square seat. The cavity opening roller assembly 5 is spaced on the drive shaft 4 through the spacer sleeve 6. The cavity opening roller assembly 5 rolls on the ground to open cavities.

[0041] Combination Figures 3 to 5As shown, the cavity-opening roller assembly 5 includes: a mandrel 5-1, a self-aligning roller bearing 5-2, a cavity-opening roller weld 5-3, and cavity-opening needles 5-4. The mandrel 5-1 is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft 4. The outer side of the mandrel 5-1 is cylindrical, and the axis of the cylinder is coplanar with the axis of the drive shaft 4 and forms an angle. The self-aligning roller bearing 5-2 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder. The cavity-opening roller weld 5-3 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the self-aligning roller bearing 5-2. Several cavity-opening needles 5-4 are provided on the outer side of the cavity-opening roller weld 5-3, and each cavity-opening needle 5-4 is arranged radially along the cavity-opening roller weld 5-3.

[0042] The hole-opening device is moved by the traction mechanism. When the drive shaft 4 moves forward, the hole-opening roller welded 5-3 rolls on the ground, and the hole-opening needles 5-4 on its surface insert into the ground to open holes. At the same time, the drive shaft 4 rotates. Due to the setting of the self-aligning roller bearing 5-2, the drive shaft 4 does not drive the hole-opening roller welded 5-3 to rotate. Since the outer side of the mandrel 5-1 is cylindrical, the axis of the cylinder is coplanar with the axis of the drive shaft 4 and there is an angle. When the drive shaft 4 rotates, it drives the hole-opening roller welded 5-3 to swing left and right, causing the hole-opening needles 5-4 inserted into the ground to swing left and right to expand the hole. This realizes the expansion of the hole while opening it. It not only improves the air permeability of the grassland and increases the water storage capacity, but also can adapt to the sowing of different varieties of grass seeds, improves the seed entry rate during sowing, and has high sowing efficiency. When expanding the hole, the hole-opening needles 5-4 compact the hole wall, improve the seed implantation rate, and thus improve the seed germination rate and seedling emergence rate.

[0043] By changing the travel speed of the traction mechanism, the time that the hole-opening needle 5-4 remains in the soil after being inserted into the ground is altered. By changing the rotation speed of the drive shaft 4 driven by the power system, the time it takes for the hole-opening needle 5-4 to swing back and forth once is changed. When the time that the hole-opening needle 5-4 remains in the soil is less than the time it takes for the hole-opening needle 5-4 to swing back and forth once, the size of the hole-expanding area can be adjusted by changing the amplitude of the back and forth swing of the hole-opening needle 5-4 during the time it remains in the soil. In this way, the degree of hole expansion can be changed, further adapting to the hole expansion needs of different grass seed varieties and improving sowing efficiency.

[0044] Specifically, the drive shaft 4 is a hexagonal shaft with cylindrical ends, and one cylindrical end has a keyway for mounting a drive sprocket.

[0045] The cylinders at both ends of the hexagonal shaft have different lengths, with one end being longer. The longer end passes through the side plate 2 of the frame and is connected to the drive sprocket via a keyway.

[0046] Specifically, in combination Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the mandrel 5-1 has a hexagonal hole inside that corresponds to the drive shaft 4, and the angle between the outer cylindrical axis of the mandrel 5-1 and the axis of the inner hexagonal hole is 2.5 degrees.

[0047] Due to the included angle, the distance between the outer cylinder and the inner hexagonal hole of the mandrel 5-1 is not equal when viewed from the end face. This causes the mandrel 5-1 to swing when it rotates with the opening drive shaft 4, with a swing angle of 2.5° to the left and right.

[0048] Specifically, the outer side of the spacer sleeve 6 is cylindrical, and the through hole inside the spacer sleeve 6 is a hexagonal hole corresponding to the drive shaft 4.

[0049] Specifically, in combination Figure 9 As shown, the inner ring of the cavity roller welding 5-3 is provided with a bearing seat 5-5 for mounting the self-aligning roller bearing 5-2. The outer ring of the cavity roller welding 5-3 is arranged in a ring array with a number of large needle plates 5-6 and small needle plates 5-7, and the large needle plates 5-6 and small needle plates 5-7 are spaced apart. One end of the large needle plate 5-6 is aligned with one end of the small needle plate 5-7, and the other end of the large needle plate 5-6 protrudes beyond the other end of the small needle plate 5-7. The large needle plates 5-6 on both sides of the same small needle plate 5-7 protrude toward the two ends of the small needle plate 5-7, respectively.

[0050] The opening roller welding 5-3 is a welded structure. Internally, it houses the bearing seat 5-5 for the self-aligning roller bearing 5-2. Large needle plates 5-6 and small needle plates 5-7 are evenly welded to the outer circumference of the bearing seat 5-5. Two opening needles 5-4 are welded to the large needle plate 5-6, and one opening needle 5-4 is welded to the small needle plate 5-7, for a total of 24 opening needles 5-4. After welding, the opening needles 5-4 form a structure with 16 left-handed spirals and 16 right-handed spirals.

[0051] The cylindrical end of the outer side of the mandrel 5-1 has a boss 5-8, and the boss 5-8 is provided with an indicator hole 5-9 for determining the installation position. During installation, the indicator holes 5-9 on multiple mandrels 5-1 are arranged coaxially to facilitate the installation of the mandrel 5-1.

[0052] A retaining ring 5-10 is installed at the end of the mandrel 5-1. The cavity roller weld 5-3 is installed on the outside of the self-aligning roller bearing 5-2. Retaining rings 5-11 are installed at both ends of the cavity roller weld 5-3 to restrict the movement of the cavity roller weld 5-3 on the self-aligning roller bearing 5-2.

[0053] Specifically, the number of the cavity-opening roller assemblies 5 is even, and the spindles 5-1 of two adjacent cavity-opening roller assemblies 5 are mirror images of each other with their middle surfaces.

[0054] A total of six cavity-opening roller assemblies 5 are installed. The cavity-opening roller assembly 5 is mounted on the cavity-opening drive shaft 4 via a mandrel 5-1. The position indicator holes 5-9 of the six mandrels 5-1 are arranged coaxially, and adjacent mandrels 5-1 are arranged symmetrically with their center surfaces facing each other. This ensures that left and right swaying can be canceled out during operation.

[0055] During operation, the acupoint opening roller assembly 5 and the acupoint opening needle 5-4 contact the ground and insert 3-5cm into the ground. The power system provides power to the acupoint opening drive shaft 4, causing it to rotate forward. As the whole machine moves forward, the acupoint opening roller assembly 5 rotates forward on the ground, leaving a hole. The rotation process of the acupoint opening drive shaft 4 and the acupoint opening roller assembly 5 is coordinated. The rotation of the acupoint opening drive shaft 4 drives the spindle 5-1 to rotate. The spindle 5-1 drives the acupoint opening roller assembly 5 to swing left and right on the acupoint opening drive shaft 4. In this way, the acupoint opening roller assembly 5 forms a compound motion, swinging and rotating at the same time. The visual effect is that the acupoint opening roller assembly 5 is shaking its head and wagging its tail as it rolls forward.

[0056] The rotational speed of the cavity-opening roller assembly 5 is directly proportional to the forward speed of the whole machine. The faster the forward speed, the faster the rotational speed of the cavity-opening roller assembly 5.

[0057] When adjusting the size of the hole, the travel speed of the traction mechanism is changed to alter the time the hole-opening needle 5-4 remains in the soil after being inserted into the ground. The rotation speed of the drive shaft 4 driven by the power system is changed to alter the time it takes for the hole-opening needle 5-4 to swing back and forth once. When the time the hole-opening needle 5-4 remains in the soil is less than the time it takes for the hole-opening needle 5-4 to swing back and forth once, the size of the hole is adjusted by changing the time the hole-opening needle 5-4 remains in the soil and the time it takes for the hole-opening needle 5-4 to swing back and forth once, either alone or simultaneously.

[0058] In this embodiment, the rotational speed of the hole-opening drive shaft 4 is kept constant, while the overall forward speed of the machine is changed. That is, when the time the hole-opening needle 5-4 stays in the ground is less than the time it takes for the hole-opening needle 5-4 to swing back and forth once, the time it takes for the hole-opening needle 5-4 to swing back and forth once remains unchanged. By changing the time the hole-opening needle 5-4 stays in the ground, the size of the hole opened by the hole-opening roller assembly 5 on the ground is related to the overall forward speed of the machine. When the forward speed is slow, the rotational speed of the hole-opening roller assembly 5 is slow, but the rotational speed of the hole-opening drive shaft 4 is constant, resulting in a large left-right swaying amplitude of the hole-opening roller assembly 5 during hole opening, and thus a large hole diameter. Conversely, when the overall forward speed of the machine is fast, the left-right swaying amplitude of the hole-opening roller assembly 5 is small, and thus a small hole diameter.

[0059] For grassland reseeding, the grass seeds needed are broadly divided into two categories: grasses (Poaceae) and legumes (Fabaceae). Grass seeds are characterized by their light weight, large size, and elongated shape; legume seeds are characterized by their large weight, small size, and irregular spherical shape. When sowing grasses alone, the machine speed is slow (4-5 km / h), and the enlarged planting holes are 20%-22% larger than normal sizes, increasing the seed penetration rate to over 98%. When sowing legumes alone, the machine speed is fast (9-10 km / h), resulting in high sowing efficiency. Enlarging the planting holes by less than 5% and using normal-sized holes ensures a seed penetration rate of over 98%. Simultaneous sowing of both grasses and legumes at a machine speed of 6-8 km / h and with an enlargement ratio of 10%-18%, improves sowing efficiency compared to sowing grasses alone, achieving a seed penetration rate of over 92% for grasses and over 99% for legumes. Specific Implementation Method Two

[0061] The following is a specific implementation method for the hole-opening method of the no-till hole-type replanting machine in grassland restoration projects. This method can be implemented alone or applied to the hole-opening device of the no-till hole-type replanting machine in grassland restoration projects disclosed in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0062] Combination Figure 10 As shown, the method for creating planting holes using a no-till hole-type replanting machine in grassland restoration projects includes the following steps:

[0063] Step a, traction movement; connect the hole-opening device to the traction mechanism, lower the hole-opening device so that the hole-opening roller assembly 5 contacts the ground, and drag the hole-opening device to move by the traction mechanism;

[0064] Step b, opening the acupoint; the opening roller weld 5-3 of the opening roller assembly 5 rolls on the ground, causing the opening needle 5-4 on the surface of the opening roller weld 5-3 to insert into the ground;

[0065] Step c, expanding the planting hole; the power system provides power to the drive shaft 4, causing the drive shaft 4 to rotate. The drive shaft 4 drives the spindle 5-1 on its surface to rotate. Since the outer side of the spindle 5-1 is cylindrical, the axis of the cylinder is coplanar with the axis of the drive shaft 4 and there is an angle between them. This causes the spindle 5-1 to swing back and forth as it rotates with the drive shaft 4. This causes the opening roller welded 5-3 connected to the outer side of the spindle 5-1 through the self-aligning roller bearing 5-2 to swing back and forth, driving the opening needle 5-4 inserted into the ground to swing back and forth to expand the planting hole.

[0066] Step d: Adjust the size of the hole; change the travel speed of the traction mechanism to change the time that the hole-opening needle 5-4 stays in the soil after being inserted into the ground; change the rotation speed of the drive shaft 4 driven by the power system to change the time that the hole-opening needle 5-4 swings back and forth once; when the time that the hole-opening needle 5-4 stays in the soil is less than the time that the hole-opening needle 5-4 swings back and forth once, adjust the size of the hole by changing the time that the hole-opening needle 5-4 stays in the soil and the time that the hole-opening needle 5-4 swings back and forth once, either alone or at the same time.

[0067] This technology enables simultaneous hole widening and hole opening, which not only improves grassland aeration and water retention capacity but also adapts to the sowing of different grass seed varieties. It increases the seed penetration rate during sowing, resulting in high sowing efficiency. Furthermore, it allows for adjustments to the hole widening process to better suit the needs of different grass seed varieties, thereby improving sowing efficiency.

[0068] Specifically, the method is applied to the hole-opening device of a no-till hole-type replanting machine in grassland restoration projects. The hole-opening device includes: a frame beam 1, a frame side plate 2, a spherical ball bearing with a square seat 3, a drive shaft 4, a hole-opening roller assembly 5, and a spacer sleeve 6.

[0069] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hole-opening device for a no-till replanting machine in grassland restoration projects, characterized in that: include: The frame beam (1), frame side plate (2), spherical ball bearing with square seat (3), drive shaft (4), cavity roller assembly (5) and spacer sleeve (6) are provided at both ends of the frame beam (1). Each of the two frame side plates (2) is provided with a spherical ball bearing with square seat (3). The two spherical ball bearings with square seat (3) are respectively provided at both ends of the drive shaft (4). Several cavity roller assemblies (5) are spaced apart on the drive shaft (4). Spacer sleeves (6) are provided between adjacent cavity roller assemblies (5). The opening roller assembly (5) includes: a mandrel (5-1), a self-aligning roller bearing (5-2), an opening roller weld (5-3), and opening needles (5-4). The mandrel (5-1) is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft (4). The outer side of the mandrel (5-1) is cylindrical. The axis of the cylindrical shape is coplanar with the axis of the drive shaft (4) and has an included angle. The self-aligning roller bearing (5-2) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the cylindrical shape. The opening roller weld (5-3) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the self-aligning roller bearing (5-2). A number of opening needles (5-4) are provided on the outer side of the opening roller weld (5-3). Each opening needle (5-4) is arranged radially along the opening roller weld (5-3).

2. The hole-opening device for no-till replanting machine in grassland restoration projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive shaft (4) is a hexagonal shaft with cylindrical ends, and a keyway for mounting a drive sprocket is provided on the cylindrical surface of one end.

3. The hole-opening device for no-till replanting machine in grassland restoration projects according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mandrel (5-1) has a hexagonal hole inside that corresponds to the drive shaft (4), and the angle between the outer cylindrical axis of the mandrel (5-1) and the axis of the inner hexagonal hole is 2.5 degrees.

4. The hole-opening device for no-till replanting machine in grassland restoration projects according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer side of the spacer sleeve (6) is cylindrical, and the through hole inside the spacer sleeve (6) is a hexagonal hole corresponding to the drive shaft (4).

5. The hole-opening device for no-till replanting machine in grassland restoration projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner ring of the cavity roller weld (5-3) is provided with a bearing seat (5-5) for mounting the self-aligning roller bearing (5-2). The outer ring of the cavity roller weld (5-3) is arranged in a ring array with a number of large needle plates (5-6) and small needle plates (5-7), and the large needle plates (5-6) and small needle plates (5-7) are spaced apart. One end of the large needle plate (5-6) is aligned with one end of the small needle plate (5-7), and the other end of the large needle plate (5-6) protrudes from the other end of the small needle plate (5-7). The large needle plates (5-6) on both sides of the same small needle plate (5-7) protrude toward the two ends of the small needle plate (5-7) respectively.

6. The hole-opening device for no-till replanting machine in grassland restoration projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the opening roller assemblies (5) is even, and the spindles (5-1) of two adjacent opening roller assemblies (5) are mirror images of each other with their middle surfaces.

7. A method for opening holes in a no-till replanting machine for grassland restoration projects, implemented on the hole-opening device of the no-till replanting machine according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step a, traction movement; Connect the hole-opening device to the traction mechanism, lower the hole-opening device so that the hole-opening roller assembly (5) contacts the ground, and drag the hole-opening device to move by the traction mechanism; Step b, opening the acupoint; the opening roller weld (5-3) of the opening roller assembly (5) rolls on the ground, so that the opening needle (5-4) on the surface of the opening roller weld (5-3) is inserted into the ground; Step c, expanding the planting hole; the power system provides power to the drive shaft (4) to rotate the drive shaft (4), and the drive shaft (4) drives the spindle (5-1) on its surface to rotate. Since the outer side of the spindle (5-1) is cylindrical, the axis of the cylindrical shape is coplanar with the axis of the drive shaft (4) and there is an angle between them, so that the spindle (5-1) swings back and forth while rotating with the drive shaft (4), and then the opening roller welded (5-3) connected to the outer side of the spindle (5-1) through the self-aligning roller bearing (5-2) swings back and forth, driving the opening needle (5-4) inserted into the ground to swing back and forth to expand the planting hole; Step d: Adjust the size of the hole; change the travel speed of the traction mechanism to change the time that the hole-opening needle (5-4) stays in the soil after being inserted into the ground; change the rotation speed of the drive shaft (4) driven by the power system to change the time that the hole-opening needle (5-4) swings back and forth once; when the time that the hole-opening needle (5-4) stays in the soil is less than the time that the hole-opening needle (5-4) swings back and forth once, adjust the size of the hole-opening by changing the time that the hole-opening needle (5-4) stays in the soil and the time that the hole-opening needle (5-4) swings back and forth once, either alone or at the same time.

8. The method for opening holes in a no-till replanting machine for grassland restoration projects according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method described is applied to the hole-opening device of the no-till hole-type replanting machine in grassland restoration projects. The hole-opening device includes: a frame beam (1), a frame side plate (2), a spherical ball bearing with a square seat (3), a drive shaft (4), a hole-opening roller assembly (5), and a spacer sleeve (6).

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