Combustion chamber fuel gas spraying device

Abstract

A combustion chamber fuel gas spraying device comprises a spraying barrel, a spraying barrel fuel gas flow channel is arranged in the spraying barrel, and a cooling nozzle is arranged on the inner wall of the spraying barrel. The spraying cylinder is provided with a cylinder section, the cylinder section is connected with upstream test equipment, the diameter of a spraying cylinder fuel gas flow channel of the cylinder section is larger than that of a fuel gas flow channel of the upstream equipment, and a sudden expansion backflow area where fuel gas is separated from the wall body of the spraying cylinder is formed in the connector position of the upstream test equipment and the cylinder section. By means of the sudden expansion backflow area, the device can prevent high-temperature fuel gas from directly impacting the wall body structure of the combustion chamber fuel gas spraying device, so that the wall body is prevented from being ablated, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and the safety of the equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aviation engines, and in particular relates to a combustion chamber gas spray device. Background Art

[0002] During the combustion chamber test of an aircraft engine or gas turbine, the high-temperature gas discharged from the combustion chamber can reach 1800°C. For the safety of the test, the high-temperature gas needs to be sprayed to cool down. The existing spray device usually adopts a stainless steel jacket structure with a diameter similar to that of the measuring section after the combustion chamber. High-pressure cooling water is passed into the jacket to confine the high-temperature gas in the tube body surrounded by the jacket, and cooling water is sprayed on the gas through a cooling nozzle arranged in the tube body to cool it down. However, in this process, the inner wall of the jacket is in direct contact with the high-temperature gas, which is prone to ablation and needs to withstand high thermal stress; at the same time, the cooling water vaporizes at the cooling nozzle mouth, which easily causes solid impurities such as scale and exhaust particles to accumulate at the cooling nozzle mouth and cause blockage. The above problems not only affect the cooling effect, but also may cause safety hazards. Therefore, providing a safer and more effective combustion chamber gas spray device has high practical value for improving the safety of combustion chamber tests. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber gas spray device to improve the safety of combustion chamber gas parameter measurement tests.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a combustion chamber gas spray device is provided, the device comprising a spray barrel, a spray barrel gas flow channel is formed in the spray barrel, and a cooling nozzle is arranged on the inner wall of the spray barrel. The spray barrel comprises a cylindrical section, the cylindrical section is connected to an upstream test device, the diameter of the spray barrel gas flow channel of the cylindrical section is larger than the diameter of the gas flow channel of the upstream test device, so that the interface position between the cylindrical section and the upstream test device forms a sudden expansion reflow zone where the gas is separated from the wall of the spray barrel.

[0005] Since the gas flow channel of the spray tube has a larger inner diameter, when the gas enters the spray tube from the upstream test equipment, it is separated from the wall of the gas flow channel of the spray tube in the sudden expansion reflux area. In this process, spray cooling of the gas can reduce the temperature of the spray tube wall and improve the service life and safety of the spray tube.

[0006] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the diameter of the gas flow passage of the spray tube is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the gas flow passage of the upstream test equipment. A sufficiently large sudden expansion cross section can form an effective sudden expansion reflow zone, so that the gas can be fully cooled before contacting the spray tube wall.

[0007] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the cooling nozzles are arranged in a ring shape to form a plurality of spray rings arranged axially along the cylindrical section.

[0008] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the spray ring includes a jet spray ring and a centrifugal spray ring, the cooling nozzle in the jet spray ring is configured as a jet hole, and the cooling nozzle in the centrifugal spray ring is configured as a centrifugal nozzle. The cooling water sprayed from the jet hole has better penetration and can directly produce a cooling effect on the gas core area; the centrifugal nozzle can form a liquid film on the inner wall of the spray tube to further protect the spray tube wall.

[0009] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the jet spray rings and the centrifugal spray rings are alternately arranged at equal intervals. The alternately arranged jet spray rings and centrifugal spray rings can take into account both the gas cooling effect and the protection effect on the spray tube wall.

[0010] Further, in some embodiments, the spray ring closest to the upstream test equipment is a first spray ring, and the first spray ring is configured as a jet spray ring.

[0011] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the jet holes of the first spray ring are inclined toward the upstream direction, and form an angle of 30°-45° with the normal plane direction of the first spray ring. The first spray ring has an inclination angle, which can cool the high-temperature gas in advance on the one hand, and cool the sudden expansion reflow zone on the other hand.

[0012] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the minimum axial distance between the spray ring and the upstream test equipment is 10±2 cm.

[0013] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the spray cylinder also includes a conical cylinder section, one end of which is connected to the cylindrical section, and the other end is connected to a downstream test device, and the diameter of the spray cylinder gas flow channel in the conical cylinder section gradually decreases along the gas flow direction.

[0014] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a temperature sensor is provided in the cone section for detecting the temperature of the spray-cooled fuel gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a combustion chamber test device in one embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA section structure;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-section structure.

[0018] The purpose of the above embodiments is to explain the present invention in detail so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. For the sake of simplicity, the above drawings only schematically illustrate the structures related to the technical features of the present invention, and do not strictly follow the actual proportions to draw the complete structure and all details. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appearing in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it limited to mutually exclusive independent or alternative embodiments. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that the embodiments herein may be combined with other embodiments without causing structural conflicts.

[0021] In the description of this article, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the technical terms "installed", "connected", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, which can be a movable connection, a fixed connection or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] In the description of this document, terms indicating orientation or positional relationships, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "vertical", "height", "length", and "width", are intended to accurately describe the embodiments and simplify the description, but are not intended to limit the parts or structures involved to have a specific orientation, be installed or operate in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments in this document.

[0023] In the description of this article, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating relative importance or limiting the quantity, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the described technical features. In the description of this article, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two.

[0024] In the existing combustion chamber gas spray device of an aircraft engine or gas turbine, the inner wall of the spray device is exposed to high-temperature gas, and a spray device with a high-pressure cooling water jacket is required to spray the high-temperature gas while cooling the spray device itself. The structure is complex and the cost is high. At the same time, the inner wall of the spray device is easily ablated by the high-temperature gas, and the cooling water nozzle is also easily clogged. The service life and safety cannot fully meet the test requirements. In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a combustion chamber gas spray device, such as Figure 1As shown, the spray device includes a spray barrel 1, and an inlet section pipeline 21, a combustion chamber test piece 22 and an outlet measurement section 23 are sequentially connected at the upstream of the spray barrel 1. The spray barrel 1 is connected to the outlet measurement section 23 through an inlet flange 13. A spray barrel gas flow channel 15 is formed inside the spray barrel 1, which is used to transport the gas 152 discharged from the outlet measurement section 23 and cool it. The spray barrel 1 includes a cylindrical section 11 and a conical section 12. The cylindrical section 11 is cylindrical as a whole, and an inlet flange 13 is provided at its upstream end; the conical section 12 is conical, and is arranged in the downstream direction of the cylindrical section 12, and an outlet flange 14 is provided at its downstream end. The spray barrel 1 is connected to the downstream pipeline 24 through the outlet flange. The diameter of the spray tube gas flow channel 15 in the cylindrical section 11 is larger than the diameter of the gas flow channel of the measuring section 23, so that the connection position of the cylindrical section 11 and the measuring section 23 forms a sudden expansion structure that expands in a direction perpendicular to the gas flow direction. When the gas 152 enters the spray tube gas flow channel 15, a sudden expansion reflow zone 151 is formed near the inlet flange 13 due to the sudden change of the flow channel cross-sectional area, which delays the contact time between the high-temperature gas 152 and the inner wall of the spray tube 1, so that the gas 152 can contact the inner wall of the spray tube 1 after preliminary cooling. The inlet flange 13 and the wall of the spray tube 1 within the sudden expansion reflow zone 151 will not be directly impacted by the high-temperature gas, thereby avoiding direct ablation of the inner wall of the spray tube 1 under high temperature, and reducing the cooling demand. In order to ensure the sudden expansion effect, in a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the spray tube gas flow channel 15 in the sudden expansion structure should be at least 1.5 times the diameter of the gas flow channel of the measuring section 23.

[0025] On the inner wall of the spray barrel 1, a plurality of spray rings are arranged axially, and each spray ring includes a plurality of cooling nozzles arranged along the circumference of the spray barrel, which are used to spray cooling water into the spray barrel gas flow channel 15 to reduce the temperature of the gas 152. The spray rings are divided into two categories, one of which is a jet spray ring, and its cooling nozzle is a jet hole 111; the other is a centrifugal spray ring, and its cooling nozzle is a centrifugal nozzle 112. In a preferred embodiment, the jet spray ring and the centrifugal spray ring are alternately arranged at equal intervals. The jet hole 111 can spray out concentrated cooling water jets 155, and the cooling water jets 155 can enter the central area of ​​the gas 152 to reduce the overall temperature of the gas 152; the centrifugal nozzle 112 sprays a water mist 154 distributed in a cone, and the water mist 154 can form a water film on the inner wall of the spray barrel 1 to further protect the wall of the spray barrel 1 from gas ablation. In a further preferred embodiment, the spray ring closest to the upstream measuring section 23 is the first spray ring, and the first spray ring is set as a jet spray ring to cool the gas 152 entering the spray tube in time. The jet hole 111 of the first spray ring can be set at an angle relative to the normal plane of the first spray ring, so that it forms an angle of 30°-45° toward the upstream direction, so that the inclined jet 153 sprayed by the first spray ring can have a cooling effect on the sudden expansion reflow zone 151, avoiding overheating of the sudden expansion reflow zone. The axial distance between the first spray ring and the measuring section 23 can be set to 10±2cm (i.e., the axial distance from the end of the measuring section 23 to the plane where the first spray ring is located). If the distance is too close, the jet hole is prone to overheating, and if the distance is too far, it cannot provide sufficient spray cooling before the gas 152 contacts the wall of the spray tube. The first spray ring is set as a jet spray ring, and the second spray ring along the axial direction is set as a centrifugal spray ring. The jet spray ring and the centrifugal spray ring are alternately set at equal distances. The jet spray ring and the centrifugal spray ring are alternately arranged, which can quickly cool the gas 152 and keep the inlet flange 13 and the wall of the spray tube 1 within the allowable temperature range of the material.

[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of annular half-tubes 113 are arranged on the outer side of the spray barrel 1, and each annular half-tube 113 corresponds to a spray ring. A water supply joint 114 is arranged on the outer side of the annular half-tube 113. The annular half-tube 113 can be filled with pressurized cooling water through the water supply joint 114, so as to provide cooling water for the spray ring and also provide cooling for the wall of the spray barrel 1.

[0027] The diameter of the spray tube gas flow channel 15 in the conical section 12 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the gas 152, which plays the role of connecting with the downstream pipeline 24 to reduce the diameter of the downstream pipeline 24. A pair of temperature sensors 121 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the conical section 12 to back up each other, which are used to detect the temperature of the gas 152 discharged from the spray tube 1 to ensure that the temperature of the gas 152 discharged from the spray tube 1 does not exceed the allowable temperature of the downstream pipeline 24 and the back pressure valve. In some embodiments, the temperature of the gas 152 from the upstream measuring section 23 can reach 1800°C. After being sprayed and cooled by the spray tube 1, the gas temperature detected by the temperature sensor 121 in the conical section 12 is reduced to about 300°C.

[0028] A drain pipe 115 is provided at the bottom area near the downstream end of the cylindrical section 11 of the spray barrel 1. The drain pipe 115 is controlled to be on and off by a drain valve 116. After the spray cooling continues for a certain period of time, water may accumulate in the spray barrel 1 due to excessive cooling water. The drain valve 116 can be opened to drain the accumulated water through the drain pipe 115.

[0029] The combustion chamber gas spray device provided in the above embodiment can effectively realize the spray cooling of high-temperature gas without setting a high-pressure jacket with a complex structure. During service, the uncooled high-temperature gas 152 will not directly impact the wall of the spray tube 1, thereby avoiding the ablation of the wall of the spray tube 1 and reducing the thermal stress on the wall of the spray tube 1. At the same time, since the direct impact of the high-temperature gas 152 is avoided, the cooling water sprayed from the cooling nozzle will not be immediately vaporized at the nozzle mouth, effectively avoiding the clogging of the cooling nozzle by scale or combustion particles, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the combustion chamber gas spray device.

[0030] The purpose of the above embodiments is to further explain the present invention in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present invention. Within the scope of the present invention, the optimization or equivalent replacement of the part structure involved, and the combination of the implementation methods in different embodiments without conflict of structure and principle, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combustion chamber gas spray device, comprising a spray tube, a spray tube gas flow channel is formed in the spray tube, and a cooling nozzle is arranged on the inner wall of the spray tube. It is characterized in that The spray tube includes a cylindrical section, which is connected to an upstream test device. The diameter of the spray tube gas flow channel of the cylindrical section is larger than the diameter of the gas flow channel of the upstream test device, so that the interface position between the cylindrical section and the upstream test device forms a sudden expansion reflux zone that separates the gas from the wall of the spray tube.

2. The combustion chamber gas spray device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The diameter of the gas flow passage of the spray tube is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the gas flow passage of the upstream test equipment.

3. The combustion chamber gas spray device according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The cooling nozzles are arranged in a ring shape to form a plurality of spray rings arranged axially along the cylindrical section.

4. The combustion chamber gas spray device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The spray ring includes a jet spray ring and a centrifugal spray ring. The cooling nozzles in the jet spray ring are configured as jet holes, and the cooling nozzles in the centrifugal spray ring are configured as centrifugal nozzles.

5. The combustion chamber gas spray device according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The jet spray rings and the centrifugal spray rings are alternately arranged at equal intervals.

6. The combustion chamber gas spray device according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The spray ring closest to the upstream test equipment is the first spray ring, and the first spray ring is configured as a jet spray ring.

7. The combustion chamber gas spray device according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The jet holes of the first spray ring are inclined toward the upstream direction, and form an angle of 30°-45° with the normal plane direction of the first spray ring.

8. The combustion chamber gas spray device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The minimum axial distance between the spray ring and the upstream test equipment is 10±2 cm.

9. The combustion chamber gas spray device according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The spray cylinder also includes a conical cylinder section, one end of which is connected to the cylindrical section, and the other end is connected to a downstream test device. The diameter of the spray cylinder gas flow channel in the conical cylinder section gradually decreases along the gas flow direction.

10. The combustion chamber gas spray device according to claim 9, Its special feature is that A temperature sensor is arranged in the cone section for detecting the temperature of the spray-cooled fuel gas.

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