Wet wall temperature measuring structure and method for combustion chamber and fuel nozzle

Abstract

The invention relates to a combustion chamber, a fuel nozzle and a fuel nozzle wet wall temperature measuring structure and method. The fuel oil nozzle comprises an oil collecting ring and a shell, the shell provides a containing cavity, and the oil collecting ring is located in the containing cavity. The oil collecting ring comprises a plurality of oil ways, and the oil ways are provided with measuring channels used for containing measuring pieces. The shell is provided with a lead channel which is used for leading a lead of the measuring piece out of the fuel nozzle. The wet wall temperature of the fuel nozzle oil way is directly and effectively obtained, and the coking risk of the fuel nozzle is monitored in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The technical field of the invention relates to a combustion chamber and a fuel nozzle wet wall temperature measurement structure and a measurement method. Background Art

[0002] The fuel nozzle of an aircraft engine is mainly affected by the convection heat transfer from the inlet air of the combustion chamber and the radiation heat transfer of the gas in the flame tube of the combustion chamber. As the engine cycle parameters continue to increase, the inlet air temperature of the combustion chamber and the gas temperature in the flame tube of the combustion chamber continue to increase, so the heat load of the nozzle increases accordingly, and the inner wall temperature of the fuel nozzle oil passage and the fuel temperature also continue to increase. The higher wet wall temperature of the fuel causes the fuel to undergo thermal oxidation or thermal cracking reaction. When the wet wall temperature of the fuel is greater than 421K, oxidation reaction will occur, and when the wet wall temperature of the fuel is greater than 699K, thermal cracking reaction will occur. After thermal oxidation or thermal cracking reaction, it will deposit and coke on the wall of the oil passage, reduce the flow area of ​​the fuel pipeline, and even block the nozzle in severe cases, affecting the fuel atomization effect. The increasingly poor fuel atomization effect will lead to the deterioration of the combustion efficiency, emissions, and outlet temperature distribution of the combustion chamber, increase the fuel consumption of the engine, reduce the power performance, and it is difficult to guarantee the working life of the turbine blades, posing a serious threat to flight safety. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a thermal protection design for the nozzle to reduce the heating effect of external heat sources on the fuel and lower the temperature of the inner wall of the nozzle oil circuit, thereby avoiding the occurrence of coking.

[0003] In order to ensure the effect of the nozzle thermal protection design, it is generally necessary to test and verify the fuel nozzle after completing the thermal protection structure design. Due to the complex internal pipeline structure of advanced fuel nozzles, it is difficult to place the oil circuit wet wall temperature monitoring device. At present, there is a lack of direct and effective method to obtain the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature. Instead, the external wall temperature of the oil circuit is measured first, and the oil circuit wet wall temperature is indirectly obtained by calculation and analysis. This indirect acquisition method has many interference factors and large errors. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection nozzle.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the wet wall temperature of the oil circuit of a fuel nozzle.

[0008] According to a fuel nozzle of one aspect of the present invention, the measuring part includes an oil collecting ring and a shell, the shell provides a accommodating cavity, and the oil collecting ring is located in the accommodating cavity; the oil collecting ring includes a plurality of oil circuits, and the oil circuits are provided with a measuring channel for placing the measuring part; the shell is provided with a lead channel for leading the lead of the measuring part out of the fuel nozzle.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the fuel nozzle, the shell of the measuring part includes a head and a body, the head is located on the radial lower side of the body, and the oil collecting ring is located on the head; the measuring channel includes a measuring hole opened on the radial lower side wall of the oil circuit, and the lead channel includes a lead hole opened on the radial lower side wall of the head.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the fuel nozzle, the housing of the measuring piece further includes a mounting seat, the mounting seat is located on the radial upper side of the body, and the guide wire channel further includes a guide wire hole opened by the mounting seat.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure, the measuring part includes a measuring part and the fuel nozzle as described above, the measuring part includes a measuring head and a lead, the measuring head is used to measure the wet wall temperature of the oil circuit of the oil collecting ring of the fuel nozzle, the lead is connected to the measuring head, and is used to output the measured wall temperature; the measuring head is located in the measuring channel, and the lead is led out from the lead channel.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure, the measuring head of the measuring piece extends into the measuring hole of the measuring channel, is flush with the inner wall surface of the oil circuit, is fixed to the outer wall surface of the oil circuit and seals the measuring hole; the lead wire is led out through the lead wire hole of the lead wire channel, is fixed to the axial upstream outer wall surface of the shell of the fuel nozzle and seals the lead wire hole.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure, the measuring head of the measuring part is fixed by spot welding with a high-temperature alloy pressing sheet, and the measuring hole is sealed by brazing; the lead is fixed to the axial upstream outer wall surface of the shell by spot welding with a high-temperature alloy pressing sheet, the lead hole located at the head of the shell is sealed by spot welding with a high-temperature alloy pressing sheet, and the lead hole located at the mounting seat of the shell is sealed and fixed with high-temperature glue.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure, the measuring component of the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure also includes a collection system, the lead is connected to the collection system, and the measured wall temperature is output to the collection system.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure, the measuring element is a thermocouple.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a combustion chamber, the measuring part includes a casing and the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure as described above, the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure includes a fuel nozzle, the fuel nozzle includes a mounting seat, the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure is connected to the casing through the mounting seat, and the lead wire of the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure is led out of the combustion chamber through the lead wire hole of the mounting seat.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for measuring the wet wall temperature of the oil circuit of a fuel nozzle, the measuring component fuel nozzle includes an oil collecting ring and a shell, and the measuring method includes: a measuring channel is opened in the oil circuit of the oil collecting ring, and a lead channel is opened in the shell; the measuring head of the measuring component extends into the measuring channel, is flush with the inner wall surface of the oil circuit, and is fixed to the outer wall surface of the oil circuit; the lead of the measuring component is led out from the lead channel and fixed to the axial upstream outer wall surface of the shell.

[0018] The technical solution of the present application is to set up a fuel nozzle oil collecting ring oil circuit measuring part fixing and lead-in scheme to directly and effectively monitor the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature. While ensuring that the oil circuit wet wall temperature can be accurately and real-time obtained during the combustion chamber performance test to determine the risk of nozzle coking, it improves the reliability of the oil circuit measuring part fixing and lead-in scheme, ensuring that the fuel nozzle is not affected by the test modification and can work normally and safely. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals always represent the same features. It should be noted that these drawings are only examples and are not drawn according to the conditions of equal scale, and should not be used as a limitation on the actual scope of protection required by the present invention, wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a combustion chamber according to an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel nozzle from one perspective of an embodiment.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fuel nozzle of an embodiment from another perspective.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel nozzle of an embodiment from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 5 Based on Figure 4 A structural cross-sectional view of the fuel nozzle in the AA direction is shown.

[0025] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a measuring component and an oil circuit according to an embodiment.

[0026] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure according to an embodiment.

[0027] Figure 8 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for measuring the wet wall temperature of a fuel nozzle oil circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 1000 - combustion chamber;

[0030] 100-Fuel nozzle;

[0031] 200-flame tube;

[0032] 300-Receiver;

[0033] 1- housing;

[0034] 10-head, 11-body, 12-mounting seat;

[0035] 101 - accommodating cavity, 102 - radial lower side wall of the head, 103 - axial upstream outer wall surface;

[0036] 2-Oil collecting ring;

[0037] 20-Oil circuit;

[0038] 201-first oil circuit, 202-second oil circuit, 203-third oil circuit;

[0039] 21- radial lower side wall of the oil passage, 22- inner wall surface of the oil passage, 23- outer wall surface of the oil passage;

[0040] 3- Measurement channel;

[0041] 301- measuring hole;

[0042] 4-lead channel;

[0043] 401-first lead hole, 402-second lead hole;

[0044] 2000-Fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure;

[0045] 5-Measurement piece;

[0046] 51- measuring head, 52- lead wire;

[0047] 6-high temperature alloy pressed sheet, 7-solder. Detailed Embodiments

[0048] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings and described below. Although the present invention will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that this specification is not intended to limit the present invention to those exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the present invention is intended to cover not only these exemplary embodiments, but also various alternative forms, modifications, equivalents and other embodiments that may be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

[0049] In the following description, the "axial direction", "radial direction", "inner", "outer", "upstream", "downstream" or other orientation terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. The "upstream" and "downstream" are distinguished based on the fluid flow direction. Specifically, air flows from "upstream" to "downstream". The "axial direction" and "radial direction" are both based on the combustion chamber.

[0050] At the same time, specific terms are used in this application to describe the embodiments of this application. For example, "one embodiment" and / or "an embodiment" mean a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned twice or more at different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application can be combined appropriately.

[0051] Flowcharts are used in this application to illustrate the operations performed by the systems according to the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations before or below do not necessarily have to be executed precisely in sequence. Other operations can also be added to these processes, or one or several operations can be removed from these processes.

[0052] Refer to Figure 1 in combination with Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment, a specific structure of a combustion chamber 1000 may include a fuel nozzle 100, a flame tube 200 and a casing 300. The fuel nozzle 100 includes a housing 1 and an oil collecting ring 2, and the fuel nozzle 100 is fixedly connected to the casing 300 through the housing 1. The housing 1 provides a receiving chamber 101, and the oil collecting ring 2 is located in the receiving chamber 101. The oil collecting ring 2 includes a plurality of oil passages 20. Air a enters the combustion chamber 1000 after being compressed by the compressor, and is mixed with the fuel b output from the oil passage 20 of the oil collecting ring 2 and then burned in the flame tube 200. The high-temperature combustion gas generated flows backward to drive the turbine to do work.

[0053] refer to Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the specific structure of the fuel nozzle 100 may be that the oil circuit 20 of the oil collecting ring 2 is provided with a measuring channel 3 for placing a measuring piece; the housing 1 is provided with a lead wire channel 4 for leading the lead wire of the measuring piece out of the fuel nozzle 100. In this way, the wet wall temperature of the fuel nozzle oil circuit can be directly and effectively obtained, and the coking risk of the fuel nozzle can be monitored in real time. The obtained wet wall temperature data can be used to guide the subsequent optimization design of nozzle thermal protection.

[0054] "Coking" means that when the fuel temperature is too high, thermal oxidation or thermal cracking reactions will occur, forming solid particles that adhere to the inner wall of the oil pipe, which is fuel deposition or coking.

[0055] "Wet wall temperature" refers to the temperature of the inner wall of the fuel nozzle oil circuit. When the temperature is high, fuel coking will occur. It is a key physical quantity used to characterize the occurrence of fuel coking.

[0056] Continue to refer Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the specific structure of the fuel nozzle 100 may be that the housing 1 includes a head 10 and a body 11, the head 10 is located at the radial lower side of the body 11, and the oil collecting ring 2 is located at the head 10. The measuring channel 3 includes a measuring hole 301 opened on the radial lower side wall 21 of the oil circuit, and the lead channel 4 includes a lead hole (first lead hole 401) opened on the radial lower side wall 102 of the head. In this way, the wet wall temperature of the fuel nozzle oil circuit can be directly and effectively obtained without affecting the normal and safe operation of the fuel nozzle oil circuit, which is used for real-time safety monitoring of the coking risk of the fuel nozzle.

[0057] In one embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the oil collecting ring 2 includes three oil passages 20, namely a first oil passage 201, a second oil passage 202, and a third oil passage 203. The radial lower side walls 21 of the three oil passages are respectively provided with measuring holes 301.

[0058] refer to Figures 1 to 5As shown, in one embodiment, the specific structure of the fuel nozzle 100 can be that the housing 1 further includes a mounting seat 12, the mounting seat 12 is located on the radial upper side of the body 11, and the lead channel 4 further includes a lead hole (second lead hole 402) opened by the mounting seat 12. The fuel nozzle 100 is fixedly connected to the casing 300 through the mounting seat 12, and the lead of the measuring piece is led out of the combustion chamber 1000 through the second lead hole 402.

[0059] refer to Figures 2 to 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the specific structure of the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure 2000 may include a measuring component 5 and the fuel nozzle 100 as described above, wherein the measuring component 5 includes a measuring head 51 and a lead 52, wherein the measuring head 51 is used to measure the wet wall temperature of the oil circuit 20, and the lead 52 is connected to the measuring head 51 to output the measured wall temperature; the measuring head 51 is located in the measuring channel 3, and the lead 52 is led out from the lead channel 4. In this way, the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature can be directly and effectively obtained, and the fuel nozzle coking risk can be monitored in real time. The obtained wet wall temperature data can be used to guide the subsequent nozzle thermal protection optimization design.

[0060] refer to Figure 6 Combination Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the specific structure of the measuring member 5 can be that the measuring head 51 extends into the measuring hole 301, and the required extension amount is measured and marked in advance to ensure that the measuring head 51 is flush with the inner wall surface 22 of the oil circuit to accurately obtain the wet wall temperature of the oil circuit. The measuring head 51 is fixed to the outer wall surface 23 of the oil circuit and seals the measuring hole 301. The lead wire 52 is led out through the lead wire hole of the lead wire channel 4, fixed to the axial upstream outer wall surface of the housing 1 of the fuel nozzle and seals the lead wire hole. Specifically, as Figure 6 As shown, the measuring head 51 is fixed by spot welding with a high temperature alloy pressing sheet 6. The measuring head 51 is first fixed by spot welding with a high temperature alloy pressing sheet 6 to the outer wall surface 23 of the oil circuit. The measuring hole 301 is sealed by brazing. After applying solder 7 on the outer wall surface 23 of the oil circuit, it is placed in a high temperature vacuum brazing furnace for brazing to seal the measuring hole 301. After brazing, the oil circuit 20 needs to be tested for oil pressure to avoid oil leakage at the welding point of the measuring hole 301. If necessary, repair welding can be performed to ensure the safety of the oil circuit when the fuel nozzle is working. Figure 7As shown, after the measuring head 51 is welded and fixed, the oil collecting ring 5 is assembled to the head 10 of the shell 1 and welded and fixed, and the lead 52 is led out of the shell 1 through the first lead hole 401, and the first lead hole 401 is spot welded and sealed with a high-temperature alloy pressing sheet 6, and the lead 52 is led along the axial upstream outer wall 103 of the shell 1 to the position of the second lead hole 402, and the lead 52 is spot welded and fixed along the way with a high-temperature alloy pressing sheet 6, and the measuring piece lead is led out of the combustion chamber 1000 through the second lead hole 402, and the second lead hole 402 can be sealed and fixed with high-temperature glue, without preventing the leakage of high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber. In this way, the wet wall temperature of the fuel nozzle oil circuit is directly and effectively monitored, and the oil circuit wet wall temperature can be accurately and real-time obtained during the combustion chamber performance test to determine the risk of nozzle coking. At the same time, the reliability of the welding and lead scheme of the oil circuit measuring piece is improved, and the fuel nozzle is not affected by the test modification and can work normally and safely. Since the measuring hole 301 is located on the wall of the oil circuit, the working conditions inside the oil circuit are bad, and the pressure is greater than the pressure of the accommodating chamber 101 of the housing 1, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the measuring hole 301 is large, and brazing is required to seal it. Similarly, at the location of the second wiring hole 402, the inside of the mounting seat is subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the pressure is greater than the external environment, so the second wiring hole 402 is sealed with high-temperature glue to prevent leakage.

[0061] In one embodiment, the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure 2000 also includes a collection system, the lead wire is connected to the collection system (not shown in the figure), and the measured wall temperature is output to the collection system, and the collection system is arranged outside the combustion chamber 1000. Specifically, the measuring element 5 is a thermocouple, and the thermocouple lead wire is connected to the compensation wire and then connected to the thermocouple collection system to obtain the wall temperature data.

[0062] In one embodiment, the combustion chamber 1000 includes the above-mentioned fuel injector oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure to ensure that the oil circuit wet wall temperature can be accurately and real-time obtained during the combustion chamber performance test to determine the nozzle coking risk.

[0063] refer to Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the specific steps of the method for measuring the wet wall temperature of the oil circuit of a fuel nozzle may include: a measuring channel is opened in the oil circuit of the oil collecting ring 2, and a lead channel is opened in the shell 1; the measuring head of the measuring component extends into the measuring channel, is flush with the inner wall surface of the oil circuit, and is fixed to the outer wall surface of the oil circuit; the lead of the measuring component is led out from the lead channel and fixed to the axial upstream outer wall surface of the shell 1.

[0064] Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel nozzle, It is characterized in that It includes an oil collecting ring and a shell, the shell provides a containing cavity, and the oil collecting ring is located in the containing cavity; the oil collecting ring includes multiple oil circuits, and the oil circuits are provided with measuring channels for placing measuring parts; the shell is provided with a lead channel for leading the lead of the measuring part out of the fuel nozzle.

2. The fuel nozzle according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The shell includes a head and a body, the head is located on the radial lower side of the body, and the oil collecting ring is located on the head; the measuring channel includes a measuring hole opened on the radial lower side wall of the oil circuit, and the lead channel includes a lead hole opened on the radial lower side wall of the head.

3. The fuel nozzle according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The shell body further comprises a mounting seat, the mounting seat is located at the radial upper side of the body, and the lead-in channel further comprises a lead-in hole formed by the mounting seat.

4. A fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure, It is characterized in that It comprises a measuring part and a fuel nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the measuring part comprises a measuring head and a lead, the measuring head is used to measure the wet wall temperature of the oil circuit of the oil collecting ring of the fuel nozzle, the lead is connected to the measuring head and is used to output the measured wall temperature; the measuring head is located in the measuring channel, and the lead is led out from the lead channel.

5. The fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The measuring head extends into the measuring hole of the measuring channel, is flush with the inner wall surface of the oil circuit, is fixed to the outer wall surface of the oil circuit and seals the measuring hole; the lead wire is led out through the lead wire hole of the lead wire channel, is fixed to the axial upstream outer wall surface of the shell of the fuel nozzle and seals the lead wire hole.

6. The fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The measuring head is fixed by spot welding with a high-temperature alloy pressing sheet, and the measuring hole is sealed by brazing; the lead is fixed to the axial upstream outer wall surface of the shell by spot welding with a high-temperature alloy pressing sheet, the lead hole located at the head of the shell is sealed by spot welding with a high-temperature alloy pressing sheet, and the lead hole located at the mounting seat of the shell is sealed and fixed with high-temperature glue.

7. The fuel nozzle oil channel wet wall temperature measurement structure according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure also includes a collection system, the lead is connected to the collection system, and the measured wall temperature is output to the collection system.

8. The fuel nozzle oil channel wet wall temperature measurement structure according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The measuring element is a thermocouple.

9. A combustion chamber, It is characterized in that It comprises a casing and a fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure comprises a fuel nozzle, and the fuel nozzle comprises a mounting seat, the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure is connected to the casing via the mounting seat, and the lead wire of the fuel nozzle oil circuit wet wall temperature measurement structure is led out of the combustion chamber via the lead wire hole of the mounting seat.

10. A method for measuring the wet wall temperature of a fuel nozzle oil circuit. It is characterized in that The fuel nozzle includes an oil collecting ring and a housing, and the measuring method includes: The oil circuit of the oil collecting ring is provided with a measuring channel, and the housing is provided with a lead wire channel; The measuring head of the measuring member extends into the measuring channel, is flush with the inner wall surface of the oil circuit, and is fixed to the outer wall surface of the oil circuit; The lead wire of the measuring member is led out from the lead wire channel and fixed to the axial upstream outer wall surface of the shell.

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