Battery contact fault detection apparatus and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery contact failure detection apparatus and method, and aims to provide a battery contact failure detection apparatus and method configured to detect a secondary failure that may occur due to a contact failure between a bus bar, a contactor, a fuse, and a battery cell in a high-voltage battery in advance to stably use the high-voltage battery. To this end, the present invention comprises: a battery module formed from a plurality of battery cells; a connection portion including at least one of a bus bar, a contactor, and a fuse, and connecting the battery cells to each other; a sensor that measures a current and a voltage of each of the battery cells; and a processor that counts a number of abnormality occurrences based on the current and the voltage measured by the sensor to detect a contact fault of the battery cells due to a short circuit or an open circuit of the connection portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to an apparatus and method capable of pre-detecting a contact failure in a high-voltage battery. Background Art

[0002] Unlike primary batteries that cannot be recharged, secondary batteries are batteries that can be charged and discharged. Low-capacity secondary batteries are used in small portable electronic devices such as smart phones, feature phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, and video cameras, while high-capacity secondary batteries are widely used as driving power sources and power storage batteries for motors in hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles. Such secondary batteries include an electrode assembly provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a housing for accommodating the electrode assembly, an electrode terminal connected to the electrode assembly, and the like.

[0003] In the case of a high-voltage battery, contact failures may occur between busbars, contactors, fuses, and cells. In the case of contact between a cell and a busbar, the voltage value changes depending on the current direction (charging or discharging) and is identified as overvoltage or undervoltage, so that contact failures can be detected.

[0004] When the contact resistance is less than several mΩ, there is a problem that the contact failure is not easy to detect. In addition, when the instantaneous current flows, since the time when the contact failure occurs is less than the mature time, there is a problem that the contact failure is not easy to detect. When the contact resistance is completely open, there is no serious problem in detecting the contact failure, but in the initial stage, it is difficult to detect the contact failure.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a method to pre-detect secondary faults (melting of contacts due to high temperature, or sudden output loss due to sudden opening of high voltage components such as bus bars) that may occur due to contact failure between bus bars, contactors, fuses and cells in a high voltage battery.

[0006] The information described above in the background of the present invention is only for easy understanding of the background of the present invention and may also include information not included in conventional technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention is directed to a battery contact failure detection device and method, which pre-detects a secondary failure that may occur due to a contact failure between a bus bar, a contactor, a fuse, and a cell in a high-voltage battery, so as to stably use the high-voltage battery.

[0008] However, the technical objectives to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above objectives, and other objectives not described above will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art through the following description.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, a battery contact fault detection device is provided, which includes a battery module formed by a plurality of battery cells; a connecting portion including at least one of a bus bar, a contactor and a fuse and connecting the battery cells to each other; a sensor for measuring the current and voltage of each of the battery cells; and a processor, which counts the number of abnormality occurrences based on the current and voltage measured by the sensor to detect contact faults of the battery cells caused by short circuits or open circuits of the connecting portions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Since the drawings of this specification illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to convey the technical spirit of the present invention through the detailed description of the present invention, the present invention should not be limited and interpreted by the contents in the drawings. In the drawings:

[0011] Figure 1 is a diagram showing an example of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 is a block diagram for describing a battery contact fault detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of a current waveform for counting the number of abnormality occurrences;

[0014] Figure 4 is a diagram showing one example of a voltage difference waveform between cells for counting the number of abnormality occurrences according to one embodiment of the present invention; and

[0015] Figure 5 is a flow chart for describing a battery contact failure detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Hereinafter, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to the commonly used meanings or meanings in the dictionary, and should be interpreted as the concept that the inventor has appropriately defined the terms in order to best describe the principle of the present invention, with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, since the embodiments described in this specification and the components shown in the accompanying drawings are only some exemplary embodiments and do not represent the overall technical scope of the present invention, it should be understood that when submitting this application, various equivalents or modifications of alternative exemplary embodiments may exist. In addition, the terms "including" and / or "comprising" used herein specify the existence of some of the shapes, quantities, steps, operations, components, elements and / or their groups, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other shapes, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or their groups. In addition, when describing an embodiment of the present invention, the term "may" or "may be" may include "one or more embodiments of the present invention".

[0017] In addition, to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the drawings are not drawn to scale, and the sizes of some components may be exaggerated. In addition, in different embodiments, the same reference numerals may be assigned to the same elements.

[0018] The expression "two comparison objects are the same" means "two comparison objects are practically the same". Therefore, the term "practically the same" includes the case where there is a deviation that is regarded as a low level in the art (e.g., a deviation of 5% or less). In addition, the description "some parameters are uniform in a certain area" may mean "some parameters are uniform in the average viewpoint".

[0019] Although terms such as "first", "second", etc. may be used to describe various elements, the elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element, and unless specifically described otherwise, the first element may also be the second element.

[0020] Throughout the specification, unless specifically described otherwise, each element may be in the singular or in the plural.

[0021] The case where the first element is arranged "above (or below)" or "above (or below)" the second element may include the case where the first element is arranged to contact the upper (or lower) surface of the second element, or the case where a third element is inserted between the first element and the second element arranged above (or below) the first element.

[0022] When a first element is referred to as being "connected", "coupled" or "joined" to a second element, although the first element may be directly connected or joined to the second element, it should be understood that a third element may be interposed therebetween, or that these elements may be connected, coupled or joined through other elements. In addition, when a first part is referred to as being "electrically connected" to a second part, it includes not only a case where the first part is "directly connected" to the second part, but also a case where the first part is "connected" to the second part with a third element interposed therebetween.

[0023] Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically described, "A and / or B" means "A", "B" or "A and B". That is, "and / or" includes all or any combinations of multiple listed items. Unless otherwise specifically stated, "C to D" means "greater than or equal to C and less than or equal to D".

[0024] Figure 1 is a diagram showing an example of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] refer to Figure 1 The battery module 100 according to the present invention includes a plurality of battery cells 10, a connection tab 20 connecting the battery cell 10a and the adjacent battery cell 10b, and a protection circuit module 30, wherein the plurality of battery cells 10 include terminal portions 11 and 12 and are arranged in one direction, and one end of the protection circuit module 30 is connected to the connection tab 20. The protection circuit module 30 may be a battery management system (BMS). In addition, the connection tab 20 may include a main body portion 22 contacting the terminal portions 11 and 12 between the battery cells 10a and 10b and an extension portion extending from the main body portion 22 and connected to the protection circuit module 30. The connection tab 20 may be a bus bar.

[0026] First, a battery cell 10 may be formed with a battery case and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte housed in the battery case. The electrode assembly and the electrolyte generate energy by electrochemically reacting with each other. Terminal portions 11 and 12 electrically connected to a connecting tab 20 and an exhaust port 13 serving as an exhaust passage for the gas generated therein may be arranged on one side of the battery cell 10. The terminal portions 11 and 12 of the battery cell 10 may be a positive terminal 11 and a negative terminal 12 having different polarities, and the terminal portions 11 and 12 of adjacent battery cells 10a and 10b may be electrically connected in series or in parallel via the connecting tab 20, which will be described below. Meanwhile, although a series connection has been shown and described above, the present invention is not limited to this structure, and any of a variety of connection structures may be used as needed. Furthermore, the number and array of battery cells 10 are not limited to Figure 1 The structure shown can be changed as needed.

[0027] A plurality of battery cells 10 may be arranged in one direction so that wide surfaces of the battery cells 10 face each other, and the arranged plurality of battery cells 10 may be fixed by housings 61, 62, 63, and 64. The housings 61, 62, 63, and 64 may include a pair of end plates 61 and 62 facing the wide surfaces of the battery cells 10, and a side plate 63 and a bottom plate 64 connecting the pair of end plates 61 and 62. The side plate 63 may support the side surface of the battery cell 10, and the bottom plate 64 may support the bottom surface of the battery cell 10. In addition, the pair of end plates 61 and 62 and the side plate 63 and the bottom plate 64 may be connected by a member such as a bolt 65.

[0028] The protection circuit module 30 on which the electrical components, the protection circuit, etc. are mounted may be electrically connected to the connection tab 20, which will be described below. The protection circuit module 30 may include a first protection circuit module 30a and a second protection circuit module 30b, which extend at different positions in the direction in which the plurality of battery cells 10 are arranged. In this case, the first protection circuit module 30a and the second protection circuit module 30b may be spaced apart by a predetermined distance and positioned in parallel and connected to the adjacent connection tabs 20. For example, the first protection circuit module 30a may be formed on one upper side of the plurality of battery cells 10 to extend in the direction in which the plurality of battery cells 10 are arranged, and the second protection circuit module 30b may be formed on the other upper side of the plurality of battery cells 10 to extend in the direction in which the plurality of battery cells 10 are arranged. In addition, the second protection circuit module 30b may be positioned to be spaced apart by a predetermined distance from the first protection circuit module 30a, wherein the exhaust port 13 is inserted between the second protection circuit module 30b and the first protection circuit module 30a and arranged in parallel to the first protection circuit module 30a.

[0029] As described above, since the two protection circuit modules are arranged to be spaced apart from each other parallel to the direction in which the plurality of battery cells are arranged, the area of ​​the printed circuit board (PCB) constituting the protection circuit module is minimized. Since the protection circuit module is formed separately, the unnecessary area of ​​the PCB is minimized. In addition, the first protection circuit module 30a and the second protection circuit module 30b can be connected to each other by a conductive connecting member 50. In this case, one side of the connecting member 50 can be connected to the first protection circuit module 30a, and the other side thereof can be connected to the second protection circuit module 30b, so that the electrical connection between the two protection circuit modules can be completed. The connection can be performed by any one of soldering, resistance welding, laser welding and projection welding methods.

[0030] In addition, as an example, the connection member 50 may be an electric wire. In addition, the connection member 50 may be formed of an elastic or flexible material. Whether the voltage, temperature, and current of the plurality of battery cells 10 are normal can be checked and managed through the connection member 50. That is, the information of the voltage, current, temperature, etc. transmitted from the adjacent connection tabs to the first protection circuit module and the information of the voltage, current, temperature, etc. transmitted from the adjacent connection tabs to the second protection circuit module can be managed by the protection circuit module as a whole through the connection member.

[0031] Furthermore, when the battery cells 10 swell, impact is absorbed by the elasticity or flexibility of the connection member 50 , and thus damage to the first and second protection circuit modules 30 a and 30 b may be prevented.

[0032] In addition, the shape and structure of the connecting member 50 are not limited to Figure 1 Those shown in .

[0033] As described above, since the protection circuit module 30 is provided with the first protection circuit module 30a and the second protection circuit module 30b, the area of ​​the PCB constituting the protection circuit module can be minimized, thereby ensuring the space in the battery module. Therefore, it is easy to perform the fastening work of connecting the connection tab 20 and the protection circuit module 30 and the repair work when the abnormality of the battery module is detected, thereby improving the operation efficiency.

[0034] Figure 2 is a block diagram for describing a battery contact failure detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] refer to Figure 2 , a battery contact fault detection device 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a battery module 210 , a connecting portion 220 , a sensor 230 , a processor 240 , a memory 250 , and a communication portion 260 .

[0036] The battery module 210 may include a plurality of battery cells, ie, a first battery cell 211 to an Nth battery cell 214. The plurality of battery cells 211 to 214 may be connected in series or in parallel.

[0037] The connection portion 220 may include at least one of a bus bar, a contactor, and a fuse. The connection portion 220 may be used to connect the battery cells 211 to 214.

[0038] For example, when an abnormality occurs in a device or apparatus connected to the battery module 210 or the battery contact fault detection apparatus 200 , the contactor may block the output of the battery module 210 or power supplied to the battery module 210 from the outside.

[0039] The contactor can be turned on or off according to the control command of the processor 240. To this end, the contactor can be implemented as a relay, such as a mechanical contactor that is turned on / off by the magnetic force of a coil. Alternatively, the contactor can be implemented as a semiconductor switch, such as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).

[0040] The sensor 230 may measure a current and a voltage of each of the battery cells 211 to 214 . To this end, the sensor 230 may include a current sensor 231 and a voltage sensor 232 .

[0041] The current sensor 231 may measure the current of the battery module 210. The current sensor 231 may be provided as a plurality of current sensors 231 to measure the current of each of the battery cells 211 to 214.

[0042] In this case, the current sensor 231 may be connected to at least one of an input terminal and an output terminal of each of the battery cells 211 to 214 to measure a current.

[0043] The voltage sensor 232 may measure the voltage of the battery module 210. The voltage sensor 232 may be provided as a plurality of voltage sensors 232 to measure the voltage of each of the battery cells 211 to 214.

[0044] In this case, the voltage sensor 232 may be connected to at least one of an input terminal and an output terminal of each of the battery cells 211 to 214 to measure a voltage.

[0045] The processor 240 may monitor the state of each of the plurality of battery cells 211 to 214 , determine the state of charge (SOC), and calculate the state of health (SOH). The processor 240 may detect failures of the battery module 210 and the plurality of battery cells 211 to 214 .

[0046] The processor 240 may control the charging and discharging of the plurality of battery cells 211 to 214, control the temperature of the battery cells 211 to 214, and perform balancing control. In addition, the processor 240 may perform at least one protection function among over-discharge prevention, over-charge prevention, over-current prevention, short circuit, and fire extinguishing functions based on the state monitoring result.

[0047] The processor 240 may include any one of a battery management system (BMS), a battery pack control module (BPCM), a central processing unit (CPU), an electronic control unit (ECU), and a microcontroller unit (MCU).

[0048] The processor 240 may count the number of abnormality occurrences based on the current measured by the current sensor 231 and the voltage measured by the voltage sensor 232 .

[0049] That is, the processor 240 may count the number of abnormality occurrences based on the current measured by the sensor 230 and the voltage difference between the battery cells 211 to 214 .

[0050] For example, under the first condition that the current measured by sensor 230 is greater than or equal to a specific current, when the second condition that the voltage difference between battery cells 211 to 214 is greater than or equal to a preset reference value is satisfied, processor 240 can determine that an abnormality has occurred and count the number of times the abnormality has occurred.

[0051] In this case, the processor 240 may determine that the first condition is satisfied when the current measured by the sensor 230 is greater than any value in the range of 80A to 120A. In this embodiment, the processor 240 may determine that the first condition is satisfied when the current measured by the sensor 230 is greater than 100A.

[0052] In addition, when the voltage difference between the battery cells 211 to 214 is greater than any value in the range of 550mV to 650mV, the processor 240 may determine that the second condition is satisfied. In this embodiment, when the voltage difference between the battery cells 211 to 214 is greater than 600mV, the processor 240 may determine that the second condition is satisfied.

[0053] In this case, when the first condition and the second condition are satisfied within a reference time (e.g., 100 ms or longer), the processor 240 may count the number of abnormality occurrences. In this case, the process of counting the number of abnormality occurrences may be performed in units of preset time, wherein, for example, each of the preset times may be less than the time for detecting overvoltage or undervoltage, that is, the process may be performed within a predetermined time in the range of, for example, 200 ms to 300 ms.

[0054] The processor 240 may detect a contact failure of each of the battery cells 211 to 214 due to a short circuit or an open circuit of the connection portion 220 based on the counted number of abnormality occurrences.

[0055] The processor 240 may limit the use of the battery according to whether a contact failure of each of the battery cells 211 to 214 occurs.

[0056] For example, when the number of abnormal occurrences greater than or equal to the first set number is continuously counted, the processor 240 can limit the use of the battery. In addition, when the number of abnormal occurrences greater than or equal to the second set number is counted, the processor 240 can limit the use of the battery.

[0057] The memory 250 may store current data and voltage data input from the sensor 230, setting data for processing current data or voltage data, data about the battery module 210, reference data for determining the state of the battery module 210, SOC data of the battery module 210 or battery cells 211 to 214, and data generated during the operation process of the processor 240.

[0058] The memory 250 may store data for detecting damage of the battery cells 211 to 214 based on the current data and the voltage data, for example, level data, weight data, cumulative weight data, specified range data, and cell damage range data.

[0059] The memory 250 may include data regarding at least one of a data processing algorithm, a data level determination algorithm, a weight setting algorithm, a damage prediction algorithm, a contactor control algorithm, and a battery diagnosis algorithm.

[0060] The memory 250 may include a storage medium such as a random access memory (RAM) and a nonvolatile memory such as a read only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory.

[0061] The communication part 260 may transmit and receive data to and from the battery module 210, the connection part 220, the sensor 230, the processor 240, and the memory 250. In addition, the communication part 260 may transmit and receive data to and from a main processor (not shown) of a device or apparatus connected to the battery contact fault detection apparatus 200.

[0062] For example, the communication part 260 may include a controller area network (CAN) or a local interconnect network (LIN) communication driver to transmit and receive data. The communication part 260 may transmit and receive data through serial or parallel communication.

[0063] Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of a current waveform for counting the number of abnormality occurrences, Figure 4 is a diagram showing one example of a voltage difference waveform between cells for counting the number of abnormality occurrences according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4When a first condition that the current measured by the sensor 230 is greater than 100A and a second condition that the voltage difference between the battery cells 211 to 214 is greater than 600mV is satisfied, the processor 240 may determine that an abnormality occurs in the battery cells 211 to 214 and count the number of occurrences of the abnormality.

[0065] In this case, for example, when the first condition and the second condition are satisfied within 100 ms, the processor 240 may count the number of abnormality occurrences. In addition, the processor 240 may perform a process of counting the number of abnormality occurrences in units of a preset time within a time range of 200 ms to 300 ms less than a ripening time (three seconds) as a time for detecting an overvoltage or undervoltage.

[0066] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when ten anomalies are counted continuously, that is, when the problem occurs continuously, the processor 240 can identify the sequential anomalies as a problem situation and limit the use of the battery to stably manage the battery. In addition, when the cumulative number of abnormal occurrences is greater than or equal to 100, the processor 240 can limit the use of the battery.

[0067] Figure 5 is a flow chart for describing a battery contact failure detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] The battery contact fault detection method described below is only one embodiment of the present invention, and various operations may be added in addition to the method. As described below, the following operations may be performed in different orders, so the present invention is not limited to the operations and orders described below.

[0069] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 , in operation 510 , the sensor 230 may measure a current and a voltage of each of the battery cells 211 to 214 .

[0070] Then, in operation 520 , the processor 240 may count the number of abnormality occurrences based on the current measured by the sensor 230 and the voltage difference between the battery cells 211 to 214 .

[0071] Then, in operation 530 , a contact failure of each of the battery cells 211 to 214 due to a short circuit or an open circuit of the connection portion 220 may be detected based on the counted number of abnormality occurrences.

[0072] Then, in operation 540 , the processor 240 may limit the use of the battery according to whether a contact failure of each of the battery cells 211 to 214 occurs.

[0073] According to the present invention, the voltage that becomes different from the actual voltage due to contact resistance when the contact resistance increases and high current flows is used as a method for pre-detecting secondary faults (melting of the contact portion due to high temperature, or sudden output loss due to sudden opening of a high-voltage component such as a bus bar) that may occur due to contact failure between bus bars, contactors, fuses and cells in a high-voltage battery, so that battery contact failures can be efficiently detected.

[0074] According to the present invention, since the phenomenon of voltage difference occurring whenever a high current flows is used to count the number of times in units of several hundred ms (200ms to 300ms) which is much smaller than the conventional ripening time (3 seconds), a battery contact failure problem caused by an open circuit of a connecting part such as a bus bar, a contactor or a fuse can be identified even in a short time, and when the number of abnormal occurrences greater than or equal to a set number is counted, it can be detected as a problem.

[0075] According to the present invention, when a battery contact failure is detected, use of a high voltage battery can be restricted to stably use the high voltage battery.

[0076] However, effects that can be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above-described effects, and other effects that are not described above will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the above description of the present invention.

[0077] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited specific embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications and changes within the technical spirit of the present invention and equivalents of the scope described in the appended claims.

[0078] The invention described in this specification may be implemented, for example, by a method, a process, a device, a software program, a data stream, or a signal. Even when the invention is described as being implemented in only a single form (e.g., as a method), the features described may also be implemented in another form (e.g., as a device or program). The device may be implemented using appropriate hardware, software, firmware, etc. For example, the method may be implemented in a device such as a processor, which is typically a processing device such as a computer, a microprocessor, an integrated circuit, or a programmable logic device. The processor includes a communication device such as a computer, a cellular phone, a portable / personal digital assistant (PDA) terminal, and other devices that facilitate information communication between end users.

[0079] In this case, the processor can be implemented as a CPU or a system on chip (SoC), can drive an operating system or an application to control multiple hardware or software components connected to the processor, and can perform various types of data processing and operations. The processor can be configured to execute at least one command stored in a memory (not shown) and store the result data of the execution in the memory.

[0080] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, these embodiments are exemplary only. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and other equivalent exemplary embodiments may be made according to the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery contact fault detection device, comprising: A battery module, formed by a plurality of battery cells; a connecting portion including at least one of a bus bar, a contactor, and a fuse, and connecting the battery cells to each other; sensors that measure the current and voltage of each of the battery cells; as well as The processor counts the number of abnormality occurrences based on the current and voltage measured by the sensor to detect a contact failure of the battery cell due to a short circuit or an open circuit of a connection portion.

2. The battery contact failure detection device according to claim 1, wherein: The processor counts the number of abnormality occurrences based on the current measured by the sensor and the voltage difference between the battery cells.

3. The battery contact failure detection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The processor determines that an abnormality occurs and counts the number of abnormality occurrences when a second condition that a voltage difference between battery cells is greater than or equal to a preset reference value is satisfied under a first condition that a current measured by the sensor is greater than or equal to a specific current.

4. The battery contact failure detection device according to claim 3, wherein: The processor counts the number of abnormality occurrences when the first condition and the second condition are satisfied within a reference time.

5. The battery contact failure detection device according to claim 4, wherein: The processor counts the number of abnormality occurrences in units of time each preset to be smaller than a time for detecting an overvoltage or an undervoltage.

6. The battery contact failure detection device according to claim 1, wherein: The processor limits use of the battery according to whether a contact failure of the battery cell is detected.

7. The battery contact failure detection device according to claim 6, wherein: The processor limits the use of the battery when the number of abnormal occurrences is continuously counted to be greater than or equal to a first set number.

8. The battery contact failure detection device according to claim 6, wherein: The processor limits the use of the battery when a cumulative number of abnormality occurrences greater than or equal to a second set number is counted.

9. A battery contact fault detection method, comprising: Measuring the current and voltage of each of the battery cells by sensors; counting, by the processor, the number of occurrences of the abnormality based on the current and voltage measured by the sensor; as well as A contact failure of the battery cells due to a short circuit or an open circuit of a connection portion connecting the battery cells to each other is detected by the processor based on the counted number of abnormality occurrences.

10. The battery contact fault detection method according to claim 9, wherein: Counting the number of abnormality occurrences includes counting the number of abnormality occurrences based on the current measured by the sensor and the voltage difference between the battery cells.

11. The battery contact fault detection method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein: Counting the number of exception occurrences includes: determining whether a first condition that the current measured by the sensor is greater than or equal to a specific current is satisfied; Determining whether a second condition that a voltage difference between the battery cells is greater than or equal to a preset reference value is satisfied; When the first condition and the second condition are satisfied, determining that an abnormality occurs; and Counts the number of exceptions that occur.

12. The battery contact fault detection method according to claim 11, wherein: Counting the number of abnormality occurrences includes counting the number of abnormality occurrences when a first condition and a second condition are satisfied within a reference time.

13. The battery contact failure detection method according to claim 12, wherein: Counting the number of abnormality occurrences includes counting the number of abnormality occurrences in units of time each preset to be smaller than a time for detecting an overvoltage or an undervoltage.

14. The battery contact fault detection method according to claim 9, further comprising: The processor limits the use of the battery according to whether a contact failure of the battery cell is detected.

15. The battery contact fault detection method according to claim 14, wherein: Limiting the use of the battery includes limiting the use of the battery when the number of abnormal occurrences is continuously counted to be greater than or equal to a first set number.

16. The battery contact fault detection method according to claim 14, wherein: Limiting the use of the battery includes limiting the use of the battery when the accumulated number of abnormality occurrences is counted to be greater than or equal to a second set number.

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