Circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power control systems, and particularly relates to a circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system which comprises a main controller, an integrated FPGA + ARM dual-core processor is arranged in the main controller, and the main controller is connected with a voltage transformer and a current transformer which are used for collecting three-phase voltage phase signals of a power grid. The main controller is connected with a high-frequency signal injection module and a mechanical parameter monitoring bus, and a dynamic compensation database is arranged in the main controller; the dynamic calibration subsystem is composed of a mechanical calibration module and an electrical calibration module; the dual-mode switcher is internally provided with a main control mode channel and an emergency mode channel; and the execution mechanism layer is composed of a three-phase independent operation mechanism and a pressure monitoring node. According to the invention, multi-dimensional coupling control is carried out through mechanical displacement calibration, electrical parameter calibration and time sequence calibration, precise opening and closing are realized, and a dual-channel design capable of ensuring basic opening and closing operation is also provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power control systems, and in particular relates to a circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system. Background Art

[0002] There are two major technical bottlenecks in the opening and closing operations of traditional circuit breakers: 1. The phase control accuracy is significantly affected by the time delay fluctuation of the mechanical action. For example, according to the patent document "A fast circuit breaker switch structure" published by publication number CN119275040A, the main pull rod 2, the linkage sleeve 3 and the crank linkage rod 4 are proposed in the document. There is an inertia difference between the above linkage components, which leads to a time deviation of the mechanical action. The deviation of the movement trajectory of the main pull rod 2 and the crank linkage rod 4 cannot be detected in time, so that the opening and closing mechanical action cannot be calibrated in time; According to the patent document “A circuit breaker and its opening and closing operation work adjustment method” published by publication number CN119275065A, the document proposes an energy storage spring 410, an operation work adjustment mechanism 420, a pressure sensor 430, and an opening buffer 500. The document can detect the elastic force of the pressure of the energy storage spring 410 in real time through the pressure sensor 430, and timely adjust the pressure value of the energy storage spring 410 through the operation work adjustment mechanism 420 to ensure the accuracy of the opening and closing mechanical action. However, the calibration method of the document is single and cannot be widely used in the opening and closing system containing different types of circuit breakers; In the journal "High Voltage Electrical Appliances" about the optimization design of the cam mechanism in the spring operating mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker, it is proposed that "for the spring operating mechanism matched with the vacuum circuit breaker, the reasonable matching of its output force characteristics and switch load characteristics depends on the reasonable design of the cam mechanism", it can be seen that this article can use the servo motor to drive the cam mechanism to adjust the pressure of the energy storage spring 410 mentioned above; 2. The existing phase selection system has insufficient reliability under abnormal conditions such as grid frequency fluctuations and equipment failures. According to the patent document "A circuit breaker phase selection and opening and closing device and method" published with publication number CN119297027A, a circuit breaker opening device 2 is proposed. The circuit breaker opening device 2 in the document can only switch to a conventional opening and closing mode when a fault occurs, but the problem of transient impact suppression is not solved, and basic opening and closing operations cannot be completed when a system fault occurs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system, which can perform multi-dimensional coupling control through mechanical displacement calibration, electrical parameter calibration and timing calibration to achieve precise opening and closing, and also provide a dual-channel design that can ensure basic opening and closing operations.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system, comprising: Main Controller: The main controller is equipped with an integrated FPGA+ARM dual-core processor, which is connected to the voltage transformer and current transformer for collecting the three-phase voltage phase signal of the power grid, as well as the high-frequency signal injection module and the mechanical parameter monitoring bus. The main controller is also equipped with a dynamic compensation database. Dynamic calibration subsystem: The dynamic calibration subsystem consists of a mechanical calibration module and an electrical calibration module. The mechanical calibration module includes a laser displacement sensor and a servo motor, and the electrical calibration module includes a Hall sensor array and a closing and opening speed curve generator. Dual Mode Switcher: The dual-mode switcher is provided with a main control mode channel and an emergency mode channel. The main control mode channel includes an IGCT converter valve group and a high-speed electronic switch array, and the emergency mode channel includes a magnetic latching relay and a gate opening buffer device. Actuator layer: The actuator layer consists of a three-phase independent operating mechanism and a pressure monitoring node. The three-phase independent operating mechanism includes a permanent magnet motor drive unit and a switching connecting rod mechanism; the pressure monitoring node includes a gas pressure sensor in the pole for detecting SF6 gas pressure and an energy storage spring pressure sensor.

[0005] Contains three core modules: 1) Dynamic time compensation module: The instruction time difference history database is used to establish a mechanical delay prediction model to correct the action time corresponding to the target phase in real time; Introduce "delay frequency adaptive algorithm": when the grid frequency deviation is detected to be greater than 1Hz, the frequency compensation amount is automatically expanded. The calculation formula is: T_comp=(N×T0)+(T_target-ΔT_hist), Where N is the frequency number dynamically calculated according to the frequency fluctuation amplitude, and ΔT_hist is the average time difference of historical instructions; 2) Dual-mode seamless switching module: Main control mode: Based on the AC signal injection detection of the IGCT converter valve, the impedance characteristic analysis of the fault point is realized; Emergency mode: When a phase selection controller failure is detected, the magnetic latching relay is automatically enabled to build a direct connection channel, and the opening buffer device is activated to suppress the operating overvoltage; 3) Multi-dimensional calibration device: Mechanical calibration unit: A laser displacement sensor is installed in the I-shaped structure of the linkage sleeve to monitor the deviation of the main pull rod's motion trajectory in real time; Electrical calibration unit: Hall sensor array is used to detect the plasma distribution in the arc extinguishing chamber and dynamically adjust the opening and closing speed curve.

[0006] In the mechanical calibration unit, in the servo motor adjustment logic, when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure attenuation of the energy storage spring exceeds 5%, the output characteristics of the energy storage mechanism are corrected through the cam angle adjustment formula: θ=arcsin(P_current / P_initial)×180 / π.

[0007] According to the functions, it is divided into perception layer, control layer, execution layer, dual-mode switcher, physical actuator and auxiliary system; The perception layer consists of a voltage transformer, a current transformer, a laser displacement sensor, a pressure sensor group and a Hall sensor array; the control layer consists of an FPGA signal processing module and an ARM dynamic compensation algorithm opened inside it; the execution layer consists of a permanent magnet motor drive unit and a servo motor group it contains; the physical actuator consists of a crank linkage rod and a regulating valve installed in the arc extinguishing chamber; the auxiliary system includes a ZnO lightning arrester, a tripping buffer device and a magnetic latching relay.

[0008] Arranged between the perception layer, control layer, execution layer, dual-mode switch, physical actuator and auxiliary system are: Signal acquisition channel (A / B): The voltage / current transformer is connected to the FPGA module through an optical fiber interface (A) to transmit the grid phase signal; The laser sensor and pressure sensor send mechanical status data to the ARM controller via the CAN bus (B); Control logic channel (D / E): FPGA transmits the analyzed high-frequency signal (D) to the permanent magnet motor drive unit to achieve opening and closing phase control; The compensation parameter (E) output by ARM controls the servo motor to adjust the cam mechanism through the PWM signal; Redundant switching channels (F / H / I / J): Main control mode channel (H): IGCT converter valve group → high-speed electronic switch → permanent magnet motor; Emergency mode channel (J): Direct connection of magnetic latching relay → opening buffer device; Overvoltage protection (I): The tripping buffer device and the ZnO arrester form a parallel protection circuit; Closed-loop feedback path (C / G): The displacement data (G) of the crank linkage rod is fed back to the sensing layer through the RS485 interface; The arc chamber plasma distribution data (C) updates the electrical calibration parameters in real time.

[0009] The operation process of the dynamic time compensation module is as follows: Step 1, real-time monitoring layer: collect grid frequency, i.e. voltage transformer signal, and obtain mechanical parameters, i.e. spring pressure / displacement sensor data, and read the historical instruction time difference database; Step 2, deviation judgment module: determine whether condition 1 is met: grid frequency deviation Δf>1Hz? If "yes", the frequency compensation calculation is triggered; if "no", the standard frequency N=1 is used; Determine whether condition 2 is met: mechanical delay deviation ΔT_hist>0.5ms? If "yes", start the servo motor to adjust the cam angle; if "no", maintain the current mechanical parameters; Step 3: Core computing module: 3.1. Calculate the dynamic frequency N: N=ceil(Δf×k), where k is the equipment aging coefficient; 3.2. Predict the mechanical time delay compensation ΔT_comp: ΔT_comp=α×ΔT_hist+β×spring pressure decay rate; 3.3. Generate target time T_target: T_target=(N×T0)+(preset phase corresponding time-ΔT_comp); Step 4, execution and feedback: Output PWM pulses to the permanent magnet motor to achieve opening and closing phase control, and verify the contact movement trajectory through the laser displacement sensor, while updating the historical database and recording the actual action time difference; Step 5, exception handling branch: Case 1, when the frequency suddenly changes > 5Hz, switch to emergency mode; Case 2, when the compensation exceeds the tolerance for three consecutive times, trigger the mechanical fault alarm.

[0010] In step 1, a sliding window algorithm is used to retain the most recent 30 operation data and automatically eliminate earlier data.

[0011] In the dynamic calculation of the frequency in step 3.1, the ceil(Δf×k) function is used to ensure that the compensation frequency is an integer, where the k value is dynamically adjusted according to the cumulative number of operations of the device. For a new device, k=1.2, and after 100,000 operations, k=1.5.

[0012] In the mechanical delay prediction model of step 3.2, dual weight factors α and β are introduced, α = 0.7 is used for historical data weight, and β = 0.3 is used for real-time pressure decay compensation.

[0013] In the abnormal switching threshold of step 5, the frequency mutation threshold is set to 5 Hz, which is based on the frequency transient stability limit of the UHV converter station.

[0014] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are: The present invention is the first to perform multi-dimensional coupling control of mechanical displacement calibration, electrical parameter calibration and timing calibration to achieve precise opening and closing of the switch and precise correction of control parameters.

[0015] The present invention proposes an impedance phase detection method based on an IGCT converter valve, which improves the accuracy of voltage zero-crossing detection by more than 40% compared with traditional methods.

[0016] In the fault switching mode, the present invention reduces the transient overvoltage to 18%-22% of the normal mode through the cooperation of the opening buffer and the magnetic latching relay. The main control mode and the emergency mode adopt a physically isolated dual-channel design to ensure that basic opening and closing operations can still be completed when the system fails.

[0017] The present invention also has an intelligent switching function, and automatically triggers a compensation algorithm when it is detected that the spring pressure decay is greater than 5% or the grid frequency deviation is greater than 1 Hz.

[0018] In the dynamic time compensation operation process, dual closed-loop control is provided, the outer loop is grid frequency tracking, and the inner loop is mechanical delay compensation, forming a nested control structure.

[0019] In the dynamic time compensation operation process, a learning database is provided: a sliding window algorithm is used to retain the latest 30 operation data and automatically eliminate the early data; it also has an anti-saturation design: when the calculated T_target exceeds the mechanical limit of the circuit breaker, it is automatically locked at the maximum allowable value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of the core components of the system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a connection system diagram of the hierarchical design of the system core components provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a system topology connection relationship diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a flow chart of a dynamic time compensation algorithm provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.

[0022] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , a circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system, comprising: Main Controller: The main controller is equipped with an integrated FPGA+ARM dual-core processor, which is connected to the voltage transformer and current transformer for collecting the three-phase voltage phase signal of the power grid, as well as the high-frequency signal injection module and the mechanical parameter monitoring bus. The main controller is also equipped with a dynamic compensation database. According to the above structure, the FPGA module is responsible for high-frequency signal processing for parsing the IGCT converter valve signal, and the ARM module is used to execute the dynamic time compensation algorithm and mode switching logic; the voltage transformer and the current transformer are used to collect the three-phase voltage phase signal of the power grid; the high-frequency signal injection module is used to control the IGCT converter valve to achieve 10kHz impedance detection; the mechanical parameter monitoring bus is used to receive the measured data of the gas pressure sensor, the energy storage spring pressure sensor and the laser displacement sensor; the dynamic compensation database is used to store the time delay data of nearly 30 operations, and at the same time has a built-in mechanical aging curve and a pressure-time delay compensation comparison table.

[0023] Dynamic calibration subsystem: The dynamic calibration subsystem consists of a mechanical calibration module and an electrical calibration module. The mechanical calibration module includes a laser displacement sensor and a servo motor, and the electrical calibration module includes a Hall sensor array and a closing and opening speed curve generator. According to the above structure, the laser displacement sensor is installed on the inner wall of the I-shaped structure of the linkage sleeve, the linkage sleeve is equipped with a main pull rod for opening and closing the switch, and the laser displacement sensor is used to monitor the deviation of the movement trajectory of the main pull rod; the servo motor is used to drive the cam mechanism to compensate for the pressure attenuation of the energy storage spring, and the bottom of the energy storage spring is equipped with a pressure sensor for detecting the spring pressure; The Hall sensor array is used to detect the plasma distribution in the arc extinguishing chamber and dynamically adjust the opening and closing speed curve. The arc extinguishing chamber provides an isolation space for the installation of the circuit breaker.

[0024] Dual Mode Switcher: The dual-mode switcher is provided with a main control mode channel and an emergency mode channel. The main control mode channel includes an IGCT converter valve group and a high-speed electronic switch array, and the emergency mode channel includes a magnetic latching relay and a gate opening buffer device. According to the above structure, the IGCT converter valve group is used to realize AC impedance phase detection; the magnetic latching relay is used to construct a direct-connected opening and closing circuit, and the opening buffer device uses an oil pressure buffer in conjunction with a crank linkage rod structure.

[0025] Actuator layer: The actuator layer is composed of a three-phase independent operating mechanism and a pressure monitoring node. The three-phase independent operating mechanism includes a permanent magnet motor drive unit and a switch-on and switch-off connecting rod mechanism; the pressure monitoring node includes a gas pressure sensor in the pole for detecting SF6 gas pressure and an energy storage spring pressure sensor; According to the above structure, the permanent magnet motor drive unit includes a servo motor equipped for each phase, and the opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is a main pull rod, a linkage sleeve and a crank linkage rod structure that uses a laser displacement sensor for displacement feedback; the pole is arranged in the arc extinguishing chamber, and a regulating valve is also installed in the arc extinguishing chamber to optimize the airflow according to the plasma distribution.

[0026] Please refer to the attached Figure 3 ,This system mainly includes three core modules: 1) Dynamic time compensation module: The instruction time difference history database is used to establish a mechanical delay prediction model to correct the action time corresponding to the target phase in real time; Introduce "delay frequency adaptive algorithm": when the grid frequency deviation is detected to be greater than 1Hz, the frequency compensation amount is automatically expanded. The calculation formula is: T_comp=(N×T0)+(T_target-ΔT_hist), Where N is the frequency number dynamically calculated according to the frequency fluctuation amplitude, and ΔT_hist is the average time difference of historical instructions; 2) Dual-mode seamless switching module: Main control mode: Based on the AC signal injection detection of the IGCT converter valve, the impedance characteristic analysis of the fault point is realized; Emergency mode: When a phase selection controller failure is detected, the magnetic latching relay is automatically enabled to build a direct connection channel, and the opening buffer device is activated to suppress the operating overvoltage; 3) Multi-dimensional calibration device: Mechanical calibration unit: A laser displacement sensor is installed in the I-shaped structure of the linkage sleeve to monitor the deviation of the main pull rod's motion trajectory in real time; In the servo motor adjustment logic, when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure attenuation of the energy storage spring exceeds 5%, the cam angle adjustment formula: θ=arcsin(P_current / P_initial)×180 / π is used to correct the output characteristics of the energy storage mechanism. The specific motor control logic example is as follows; def adjust_cam_angle(pressure_deviation): if pressure_deviation > 5%: theta = arcsin(p_current / p_initial) * 180 / π servo_motor.set_angle(theta).

[0027] Electrical calibration unit: Hall sensor array is used to detect the plasma distribution in the arc extinguishing chamber and dynamically adjust the opening and closing speed curve.

[0028] According to the above structure, the real-time phase of the power grid is obtained through the voltage transformer, and the line impedance characteristics are analyzed in combination with the high-frequency signal injected by the IGCT converter valve; the main controller calls the historical operation database, calculates the compensation amount in combination with the mechanical delay prediction model, and automatically selects the main control mode or emergency mode according to the equipment health status (pressure / displacement data); the three-phase contacts are driven by an independent permanent magnet motor, and the oil pressure buffer is used to complete precise opening and closing; finally, the laser displacement sensor and the Hall sensor provide real-time feedback of the motion trajectory and dynamically correct the control parameters.

[0029] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: taking the transformer no-load closing scenario as an example: after receiving the closing command, a 10kHz detection signal is injected through the IGCT converter valve to analyze the line impedance phase characteristics; at the same time, the historical operation data of nearly 30 times are called to calculate the delay compensation amount under the current environment; if it is detected that the pressure value of the energy storage spring deviates from the preset threshold by ±5%, the servo motor is started to adjust the angle of the cam mechanism; finally, during the closing process, the movement trajectory of the crank linkage rod is corrected in real time through the linkage sleeve displacement data to ensure that the contacts are closed within ±0.2ms of the voltage peak point.

[0030] Please refer to the attached Figure 2 ,This system is divided into perception layer, control layer, execution layer, dual-mode switcher, physical actuator and auxiliary system according to ,its functions; The perception layer consists of a voltage transformer, a current transformer, a laser displacement sensor, a pressure sensor group and a Hall sensor array; the control layer consists of an FPGA signal processing module and an ARM dynamic compensation algorithm opened inside it; the execution layer consists of a permanent magnet motor drive unit and a servo motor group it contains; the physical actuator consists of a crank linkage rod and a regulating valve installed in the arc extinguishing chamber; the auxiliary system includes a ZnO lightning arrester, a tripping buffer device and a magnetic latching relay.

[0031] Arranged between the perception layer, control layer, execution layer, dual-mode switch, physical actuator and auxiliary system are: Signal acquisition channel (A / B): The voltage / current transformer is connected to the FPGA module through the optical fiber interface (A) to transmit the grid phase signal; the laser sensor and pressure sensor send mechanical status data to the ARM controller through the CAN bus (B); Control logic channel (D / E): FPGA transmits the analyzed high-frequency signal (D) to the permanent magnet motor drive unit to achieve opening and closing phase control; the compensation parameter (E) output by ARM controls the servo motor to adjust the cam mechanism through the PWM signal; Redundant switching channels (F / H / I / J): Main control mode channel (H): IGCT converter valve group → high-speed electronic switch → permanent magnet motor; Emergency mode channel (J): magnetic latching relay direct connection → opening buffer device; Overvoltage protection (I): The opening buffer device and the ZnO lightning arrester form a parallel protection circuit; Closed-loop feedback path (C / G): The displacement data (G) of the crank linkage rod is fed back to the sensing layer through the RS485 interface; the arc extinguishing chamber plasma distribution data (C) updates the electrical calibration parameters in real time.

[0032] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: providing redundant design, the main control mode and the emergency mode adopt a physically isolated dual-channel design to ensure that basic opening and closing operations can still be completed when the system fails; providing three-dimensional calibration, integrating a multi-dimensional correction system of mechanical displacement calibration (μm-level accuracy), electrical parameter calibration (plasma distribution optimization), and timing calibration (dynamic cycle compensation); in addition, it can also switch intelligently, and automatically trigger the compensation algorithm when it detects that the spring pressure attenuation is >5% or the grid frequency deviation is >1Hz.

[0033] Please refer to the attached Figure 4 , the operation process of the dynamic time compensation module is as follows: Step 1, real-time monitoring layer: collect grid frequency, i.e. voltage transformer signal, and obtain mechanical parameters, i.e. spring pressure / displacement sensor data, and read the historical instruction time difference database; Step 2, deviation judgment module: determine whether condition 1 is met: grid frequency deviation Δf>1Hz? If "yes", the frequency compensation calculation is triggered; if "no", the standard frequency N=1 is used; Determine whether condition 2 is met: mechanical delay deviation ΔT_hist>0.5ms? If "yes", start the servo motor to adjust the cam angle; if "no", maintain the current mechanical parameters; Step 3: Core computing module: 3.1. Calculate the dynamic frequency N: N=ceil(Δf×k), where k is the equipment aging coefficient; 3.2. Predict the mechanical time delay compensation ΔT_comp: ΔT_comp=α×ΔT_hist+β×spring pressure decay rate; 3.3. Generate target time T_target: T_target=(N×T0)+(preset phase corresponding time-ΔT_comp); Step 4, execution and feedback: Output PWM pulses to the permanent magnet motor to achieve opening and closing phase control, and verify the contact movement trajectory through the laser displacement sensor, while updating the historical database and recording the actual action time difference; Step 5, exception handling branch: Case 1, when the frequency suddenly changes > 5Hz, switch to emergency mode; Case 2, when the compensation exceeds the tolerance for three consecutive times, trigger the mechanical fault alarm.

[0034] In step 1, a sliding window algorithm is used to retain the most recent 30 operation data and automatically eliminate earlier data.

[0035] In the dynamic calculation of the frequency in step 3.1, the ceil(Δf×k) function is used to ensure that the compensation frequency is an integer, where the k value is dynamically adjusted according to the cumulative number of operations of the device. For a new device, k=1.2, and after 100,000 operations, k=1.5.

[0036] In the mechanical delay prediction model of step 3.2, dual weight factors α and β are introduced, α = 0.7 is used for historical data weight, and β = 0.3 is used for real-time pressure decay compensation.

[0037] In the abnormal switching threshold of step 5, the frequency mutation threshold is set to 5 Hz, which is based on the frequency transient stability limit of the UHV converter station.

[0038] The working principle of the present invention is: providing double closed-loop control, the outer loop is grid frequency tracking, the inner loop is mechanical delay compensation, forming a nested control structure; providing a learning database: using a sliding window algorithm, retaining the latest 30 operation data and automatically eliminating early data; and also having an anti-saturation design: when the calculated T_target exceeds the mechanical limit of the circuit breaker, it is automatically locked at the maximum allowable value.

[0039] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system, characterized in that: include: Main Controller: The main controller is equipped with an integrated FPGA+ARM dual-core processor, which is connected to the voltage transformer and current transformer for collecting the three-phase voltage phase signal of the power grid, as well as the high-frequency signal injection module and the mechanical parameter monitoring bus. The main controller is also equipped with a dynamic compensation database. Dynamic calibration subsystem: The dynamic calibration subsystem consists of a mechanical calibration module and an electrical calibration module. The mechanical calibration module includes a laser displacement sensor and a servo motor, and the electrical calibration module includes a Hall sensor array and a closing and opening speed curve generator. Dual Mode Switcher: The dual-mode switcher is provided with a main control mode channel and an emergency mode channel. The main control mode channel includes an IGCT converter valve group and a high-speed electronic switch array, and the emergency mode channel includes a magnetic latching relay and a gate opening buffer device. Actuator layer: The actuator layer consists of a three-phase independent operating mechanism and a pressure monitoring node. The three-phase independent operating mechanism includes a permanent magnet motor drive unit and a switching connecting rod mechanism; the pressure monitoring node includes a gas pressure sensor in the pole for detecting SF6 gas pressure and an energy storage spring pressure sensor.

2. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Contains three core modules: 1) Dynamic time compensation module: The instruction time difference history database is used to establish a mechanical delay prediction model to correct the action time corresponding to the target phase in real time; Introducing the "delayed frequency adaptive algorithm": when the grid frequency deviation is detected to be greater than 1Hz, the frequency compensation amount is automatically expanded. The calculation formula is: T_comp=(N×T0)+(T_target-ΔT_hist), Where N is the frequency number dynamically calculated according to the frequency fluctuation amplitude, and ΔT_hist is the average time difference of historical instructions; 2) Dual-mode seamless switching module: Main control mode: Based on the AC signal injection detection of the IGCT converter valve, the impedance characteristic analysis of the fault point is realized; Emergency mode: When a phase selection controller failure is detected, the magnetic latching relay is automatically enabled to build a direct connection channel, and the opening buffer device is activated to suppress the operating overvoltage; 3) Multi-dimensional calibration device: Mechanical calibration unit: A laser displacement sensor is installed in the I-shaped structure of the linkage sleeve to monitor the deviation of the main pull rod's motion trajectory in real time; Electrical calibration unit: Hall sensor array is used to detect the plasma distribution in the arc extinguishing chamber and dynamically adjust the opening and closing speed curve.

3. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the mechanical calibration unit, in the servo motor adjustment logic, when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure attenuation of the energy storage spring exceeds 5%, the output characteristics of the energy storage mechanism are corrected through the cam angle adjustment formula: θ=arcsin(P_current / P_initial)×180 / π.

4. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the functions, it is divided into perception layer, control layer, execution layer, dual-mode switcher, physical actuator and auxiliary system; The perception layer consists of a voltage transformer, a current transformer, a laser displacement sensor, a pressure sensor group and a Hall sensor array; the control layer consists of an FPGA signal processing module and an ARM dynamic compensation algorithm opened inside it; the execution layer consists of a permanent magnet motor drive unit and a servo motor group it contains; the physical actuator consists of a crank linkage rod and a regulating valve installed in the arc extinguishing chamber; the auxiliary system includes a ZnO lightning arrester, a tripping buffer device and a magnetic latching relay.

5. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Arranged between the perception layer, control layer, execution layer, dual-mode switch, physical actuator and auxiliary system are: Signal acquisition channel (A / B): The voltage / current transformer is connected to the FPGA module through an optical fiber interface (A) to transmit the grid phase signal; The laser sensor and pressure sensor send mechanical status data to the ARM controller via the CAN bus (B); Control logic channel (D / E): FPGA transmits the analyzed high-frequency signal (D) to the permanent magnet motor drive unit to achieve opening and closing phase control; The compensation parameter (E) output by ARM controls the servo motor to adjust the cam mechanism through the PWM signal; Redundant switching channels (F / H / I / J): Main control mode channel (H): IGCT converter valve group → high-speed electronic switch → permanent magnet motor; Emergency mode channel (J): Direct connection of magnetic latching relay → opening buffer device; Overvoltage protection (I): The tripping buffer device and the ZnO arrester form a parallel protection circuit; Closed-loop feedback path (C / G): The displacement data (G) of the crank linkage rod is fed back to the sensing layer through the RS485 interface; The arc chamber plasma distribution data (C) updates the electrical calibration parameters in real time.

6. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The operation process of the dynamic time compensation module is as follows: Step 1, real-time monitoring layer: collect grid frequency, i.e. voltage transformer signal, and obtain mechanical parameters, i.e. spring pressure / displacement sensor data, and read the historical instruction time difference database; Step 2, deviation judgment module: judge whether condition 1 is met: grid frequency deviation Δf>1Hz; "yes" triggers frequency compensation calculation, "no" uses standard frequency N=1; Determine whether condition 2 is met: mechanical delay deviation ΔT_hist>0.5ms; if "yes", start the servo motor to adjust the cam angle, if "no", maintain the current mechanical parameters; Step 3: Core computing module: 3.

1. Calculate the dynamic frequency N: N=ceil(Δf×k), where k is the equipment aging coefficient; 3.

2. Predict the mechanical time delay compensation ΔT_comp: ΔT_comp=α×ΔT_hist+β×spring pressure decay rate; 3.

3. Generate target time T_target: T_target=(N×T0)+(preset phase corresponding time-ΔT_comp); Step 4, execution and feedback: Output PWM pulses to the permanent magnet motor to achieve opening and closing phase control, and verify the contact movement trajectory through the laser displacement sensor, while updating the historical database and recording the actual action time difference; Step 5, exception handling branch: Case 1, when the frequency suddenly changes > 5Hz, switch to emergency mode; Case 2, when the compensation exceeds the tolerance for three consecutive times, trigger the mechanical fault alarm.

7. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 1, a sliding window algorithm is used to retain the most recent 30 operation data and automatically eliminate earlier data.

8. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the dynamic calculation of the frequency in step 3.1, the ceil(Δf×k) function is used to ensure that the compensation frequency is an integer, where the k value is dynamically adjusted according to the cumulative number of operations of the device. For a new device, k=1.2, and after 100,000 operations, k=1.

5.

9. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the mechanical delay prediction model of step 3.2, dual weight factors α and β are introduced, α = 0.7 is used for historical data weight, and β = 0.3 is used for real-time pressure decay compensation.

10. A circuit breaker phase selection opening and closing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the abnormal switching threshold of step 5, the frequency mutation threshold is set to 5 Hz, which is based on the frequency transient stability limit of the UHV converter station.

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