Optical fiber communication line fault feedback system

Abstract

The invention provides an optical fiber communication line fault feedback system, which relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication fault diagnosis, and comprises a data acquisition module, a feature extraction module, a feedback module and a fault feedback module, according to the method, the attenuation rate, the reflectivity, the packet loss rate, the temperature, the humidity, the vibration signal, the electromagnetic pulse signal and the radio frequency interference signal of the optical fiber communication line are obtained; compared with the prior art, the method comprehensively considers the influence of communication related parameters and environment related parameters, achieves the comprehensive evaluation of the optical fiber communication line, and improves the evaluation accuracy of the optical fiber communication line. Therefore, the accuracy of subsequent fault diagnosis and fault classification is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication fault diagnosis, in particular to an optical fiber communication line fault feedback system. Background Art

[0002] In a fiber-optic communication system, a main control chip is generally used to determine whether a fiber-optic port receives an optical signal or an electrical signal at a twisted-pair port. When neither signal is received, the main control chip forcibly disconnects the fiber-optic port or the twisted-pair port. This forced disconnection attracts the attention of line maintenance personnel, who rush to the scene to troubleshoot the problem as soon as possible. However, this method requires unified troubleshooting of the fiber-optic communication link, which wastes time and affects maintenance efficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, there is a method for reporting optical fiber communication link faults with a publication number of "CN118432710B" (classification number H04B*), which includes the following steps: S1, collecting transmission data of the optical fiber communication link and obtaining equipment parameters of the optical fiber communication link; S2, dynamically setting a fluctuation fault threshold value based on the transmission data and equipment parameters, and monitoring the fluctuation rate of the transmission data; this method can reduce the time required for fault handling and improve the availability and stability of the optical fiber communication link through automated processing and effective information reporting.

[0004] However, the above technology still has major defects. For example, when diagnosing optical fiber communication faults, the above technology only considers the relevant parameters of optical fiber communication, but does not consider the relevant environmental factors (such as temperature and humidity, vibration, electromagnetic interference, etc.). The harsh environmental conditions will have an adverse effect on the normal communication process of the optical fiber. Therefore, the above technology is somewhat one-sided when performing fault diagnosis, and it is difficult to achieve accurate fault diagnosis and fault type classification.

[0005] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a fiber optic communication line fault feedback system to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An optical fiber communication line fault feedback system, comprising:

[0009] A data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is used to obtain the state parameters of the optical fiber communication line within the monitoring time period, the state parameters including the attenuation rate, reflectivity, packet loss rate of the optical fiber communication line, the temperature, humidity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal at multiple points of the optical fiber communication line;

[0010] A feature extraction module, wherein the feature extraction module is used to extract features of the state parameters to obtain a comprehensive feature vector, wherein the comprehensive feature vector is composed of a line performance vector, a fiber fault vector, a connector fault vector, and a communication fault vector, and the comprehensive feature vector is used to reflect the operating state of the optical fiber communication line within the monitoring time period;

[0011] A fault discrimination model, the fault discrimination model is used to receive the comprehensive feature vector and output a fault analysis result of the optical fiber communication line, the fault analysis result being no fault, optical fiber fault, optical fiber connector fault or interference fault;

[0012] An optical fiber fault point locating module, wherein the optical fiber fault point locating module is used to obtain an OTDR reflection waveform diagram of the optical fiber when the fault identification module outputs the fault analysis result of the optical fiber fault, and determine the fault point of the optical fiber based on the OTDR reflection waveform diagram;

[0013] A fault feedback module is used to transmit the fault analysis result to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room, and when the fault analysis result is an optical fiber fault, the fault point information is transmitted to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room.

[0014] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes a first optical power meter installed at the input end of the optical fiber communication line and a second optical power meter installed at the output end of the optical fiber communication line. The first optical power meter is used to obtain the initial optical power of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring time period, and the second optical power meter is used to obtain the terminal optical power of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring time period. Based on the initial optical power and the terminal optical power, the attenuation rate and reflectivity of the optical fiber communication line are calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] Where L represents the length of the optical fiber communication line, P in (i) represents the initial optical power at the i-th acquisition moment, P out (i) represents the terminal optical power at the i-th acquisition time, α(i) represents the attenuation rate of the optical fiber communication line at the i-th acquisition time, R(i) represents the reflectivity of the optical fiber communication line at the i-th acquisition time, i is the index of the acquisition time in the monitoring time period, and i∈[1,n], n is the number of acquisition times in the monitoring time period;

[0017] The data acquisition module also includes a network analyzer that sends data packets at the input end of the optical fiber communication line and receives data packets at the output end of the optical fiber communication line, and the network analyzer records the number of data packets sent and the number of data packets received during the monitoring time period, and calculates the packet loss rate of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring time period based on the number of data packets sent and received, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Where PLR ​​represents the packet loss rate of the optical fiber communication line, N in Indicates the total number of data packets sent by the network analyzer during the monitoring period, N out Indicates the cumulative number of data packets received by the network analyzer during the monitoring period;

[0020] A plurality of points are selected at equal intervals along the extension direction of the optical fiber communication line. The data acquisition module also includes a plurality of integrated signal receivers arranged one by one at the corresponding points. The integrated signal receiver is used to receive the temperature, humidity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal at the corresponding points of the optical fiber communication line. The integrated signal receiver is composed of a temperature and humidity sensor for collecting temperature and humidity, a vibration sensor for collecting vibration signals, and an oscilloscope for collecting electromagnetic pulse signals and radio frequency interference signals.

[0021] Furthermore, the feature extraction module is composed of a line performance vector extraction unit, a fiber fault vector extraction unit, a connector fault vector extraction unit, an interference fault vector extraction unit and a vector summarization unit.

[0022] Further, the line performance vector extraction unit is used to extract features of the attenuation rate, reflectivity, and packet loss rate within the monitoring time period to obtain the attenuation rate mean, attenuation rate variance, reflectivity mean, reflectivity variance, and packet loss rate within the monitoring time period, and combine them to form a line performance vector, which is used to reflect the performance of the optical fiber communication line during signal transmission;

[0023] Among them, the line performance vector is expressed as follows:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, σ 2 α , σ 2 R ,PLR represents the mean attenuation rate, the variance of attenuation rate, the mean reflectivity, the variance of reflectivity and the packet loss rate respectively, and λ1 represents the line performance vector.

[0026] Further, the optical fiber fault vector extraction unit is used to perform feature extraction on the attenuation rate, temperature and humidity within the monitoring time period to obtain the attenuation rate variance, temperature mean, temperature variance, humidity mean and humidity variance within the monitoring time period, combine the temperature mean, temperature variance and humidity mean to generate a first optical fiber fault index, combine the first optical fiber fault index and the attenuation rate variance to generate a second optical fiber fault index, combine the first optical fiber fault index, the second optical fiber fault index and the attenuation rate variance to form an optical fiber fault vector, and the optical fiber fault vector is used to reflect the possibility of an optical fiber failure in an optical fiber communication line;

[0027] The formula for calculating the first optical fiber fault index is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, σ 2 T , are the temperature mean, temperature variance, and humidity mean of the optical fiber communication line, respectively. T is the most suitable temperature for optical fiber operation, RH is the most suitable humidity for optical fiber operation, and F fo1 represents the first optical fiber fault index, ω1 represents the weight of temperature in the calculation of the first optical fiber fault index, and ω2 represents the weight of humidity in the calculation of the first optical fiber fault index;

[0030] The formula for calculating the second optical fiber fault index is as follows:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, F fo2 is the second fiber fault index, σ 2 α ' is the attenuation rate variance threshold, σ 2 α represents the variance of decay rate;

[0033] The fiber fault vector is expressed as follows:

[0034] λ2=[F fo1 ,F fo2 ,σ 2 α,]

[0035] Where λ2 represents the fiber fault vector.

[0036] Further, the connector fault vector extraction unit is used to perform feature extraction on the reflectivity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal within the monitoring time period to obtain the reflectivity variance, vibration speed variance, vibration speed peak, vibration speed peak-to-peak value, electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude within the monitoring time period, combine the vibration speed variance, vibration speed peak, and vibration speed peak-to-peak value to generate a first connector fault index, combine the first connector fault index, electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude to generate a second connector fault index, combine the second connector fault index and the reflectivity variance to generate a third connector fault index, combine the first connector fault index, the second connector fault index, the third connector fault index and the reflectivity variance to form a connector fault vector, and the connector fault vector is used to reflect the possibility of failure of the optical fiber connector in the optical fiber communication line;

[0037] The formula for calculating the first connector fault index is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, σ 2 z , P z PP z are the vibration velocity variance, vibration velocity peak, and vibration velocity peak-to-peak value of the optical fiber communication line, respectively. foc1 represents the first index of connector fault, ω3 represents the weight of the peak-to-peak value of vibration velocity and the vibration velocity variance in the calculation of the first index of connector fault, ω4 represents the weight of the peak value of vibration velocity in the calculation of the first index of connector fault, and ω3+ω4=1, and 0<ω3<ω4<1;

[0040] The formula for calculating the second connector fault index is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, K d , P d , Ps represents the electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude, respectively. foc2 Indicates the second index of connector failure, P s ' is the maximum allowable amplitude of radio frequency interference, ω5 represents the weight of electromagnetic pulse in the calculation of the second index of connector fault, ω6 represents the weight of radio frequency interference in the calculation of the second index of connector fault, and ω5+ω6=1, and 0<ω6<ω5<1;

[0043] The formula for calculating the third connector fault index is as follows:

[0044]

[0045] In the formula, F foc3 is the third index of connector failure, σ 2 R ' is the reflectivity variance threshold, σ 2 R is the reflectivity variance;

[0046] Among them, the connector fault vector is expressed as follows:

[0047] λ3=[F foc1 ,F foc2 ,F foc3 ,σ 2 R ]

[0048] Where λ3 is the connector fault vector.

[0049] Further, the interference fault vector extraction unit is used to extract features of the electromagnetic pulse signal and the radio frequency interference signal within the monitoring time period to obtain the electromagnetic pulse width, the electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, the radio frequency interference average amplitude and the radio frequency interference peak amplitude within the monitoring time period, and combine them to form an interference fault vector, which is used to reflect the possibility of failure of the optical fiber communication line due to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference;

[0050] Among them, the interference fault vector is expressed as follows:

[0051] λ4=[K d ,P d ,P s ,P s ]

[0052] Where λ4 is the interference fault vector, K d , P d , P s They represent electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude respectively.

[0053] Further, the vector summarizing unit is used to summarize the line performance vector, the fiber fault vector, the connector fault vector and the communication fault vector to form a comprehensive feature vector;

[0054] Among them, the comprehensive feature vector is expressed as follows:

[0055]

[0056] Where λ is the comprehensive feature vector, λ1 represents the line performance vector, λ2 represents the fiber fault vector, λ3 is the connector fault vector, and λ4 is the interference fault vector.

[0057] Furthermore, the fault discrimination model uses a deep learning model based on a multi-layer perceptron, including an input layer for receiving a comprehensive feature vector, one or more hidden layers for processing the comprehensive feature vector, and an output layer for outputting a fault analysis result;

[0058] The process of training the fault discrimination model is as follows: obtaining the historical state parameters and corresponding fault analysis results of the optical fiber communication line in multiple historical monitoring time periods, and then extracting features from the historical state parameters through the feature extraction module to obtain a historical comprehensive feature vector, and marking the fault analysis results at the corresponding historical comprehensive feature vector to form a data set, and dividing the data set into a training set, a validation set, and a test set in a ratio of 70:15:15. The training set is used to train the fault discrimination model, the validation set is used to adjust hyperparameters and prevent overfitting, and the test set is used to evaluate the performance of the fault discrimination model until the fault discrimination model training is completed.

[0059] Furthermore, the method for determining the fault point of the optical fiber based on the OTDR reflection waveform diagram is as follows: the slope of each point in the OTDR reflection waveform diagram is calculated based on the numerical differentiation method, and the point with a slope greater than a preset slope threshold is taken as an abnormal point, and then the position in the optical fiber corresponding to the abnormal point is taken as the fault point.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0061] The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system of the present invention obtains the attenuation rate, reflectivity, packet loss rate, temperature, humidity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal of the optical fiber communication line, and calculates the line performance vector, optical fiber fault vector, connector fault vector and communication fault vector to form a setting of a comprehensive feature vector. Compared with the prior art, it comprehensively considers the influence of communication-related parameters and environment-related parameters, realizes a comprehensive evaluation of the optical fiber communication line, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent fault diagnosis and fault classification, thereby achieving the purpose of accurate fault feedback and improving the work efficiency of staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 It is a module schematic diagram of the optical fiber communication line fault feedback system in the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 It is a unit diagram of the feature extraction module in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0065] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0066] Example:

[0067] See also Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a fiber optic communication line fault feedback system, comprising the following modules:

[0068] A data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is used to obtain the state parameters of the optical fiber communication line within the monitoring time period, the state parameters including the attenuation rate, reflectivity, packet loss rate of the optical fiber communication line, the temperature, humidity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal at multiple points of the optical fiber communication line;

[0069] It should be noted that the optical fiber communication line is composed of multiple optical fibers connected by optical fiber connectors, and the monitoring time period is the time period before the current moment. The monitoring time period can be 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, etc., and is not limited here;

[0070] The data acquisition module includes a first optical power meter installed at the input end of the optical fiber communication line and a second optical power meter installed at the output end of the optical fiber communication line. The first optical power meter is used to obtain the initial optical power of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period, and the second optical power meter is used to obtain the terminal optical power of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period. Based on the initial optical power and the terminal optical power, the attenuation rate and reflectivity of the optical fiber communication line are calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] It should be noted that L represents the length of the optical fiber communication line, P in (i) represents the initial optical power at the i-th acquisition moment, P out(i) represents the terminal optical power at the i-th acquisition moment, α(i) represents the attenuation rate of the optical fiber communication line at the i-th acquisition moment, R(i) represents the reflectivity of the optical fiber communication line at the i-th acquisition moment, i is the index of the acquisition moment in the monitoring time period, and i∈[1,n], n is the number of acquisition moments in the monitoring time period, the acquisition frequency of the first optical power meter and the second optical power meter are aligned in the timestamp, and the specific acquisition frequency can be set to once per second, once per three seconds, once per five seconds, etc., which is not limited here;

[0073] The data acquisition module includes a network analyzer that sends data packets at the input end of the optical fiber communication line and receives data packets at the output end of the optical fiber communication line, and the network analyzer records the number of data packets sent and the number of data packets received during the monitoring period, and calculates the packet loss rate of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period based on the number of data packets sent and received, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] It should be noted that PLR represents the packet loss rate of the optical fiber communication line, N in Indicates the total number of data packets sent by the network analyzer during the monitoring period, N out Indicates the cumulative number of data packets received by the network analyzer during the monitoring period;

[0076] Among them, multiple points are selected at equal intervals along the extension direction of the optical fiber communication line, and the number of points can be 5, 7, 10, 15, etc., which is not limited here. The data acquisition module includes multiple integrated signal receivers arranged one by one at corresponding points, and the integrated signal receiver is used to receive the temperature, humidity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal at the corresponding point of the optical fiber communication line, and the integrated signal receiver is composed of a temperature and humidity sensor for collecting temperature and humidity, a vibration sensor for collecting vibration signal, and an oscilloscope for collecting electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal, and the collection frequency of the temperature and humidity sensor is consistent with the collection frequency of the first optical power meter and the second optical power meter;

[0077] As an implementation method, the temperature and humidity sensor may be a temperature sensor of model DHT11, DHT22, or SHT31, and placed at a corresponding point of the optical fiber communication line. The temperature and humidity sensor may be connected through a microcontroller (such as Ardu ino, Raspberry Pi, etc.), and a program may be written to read the temperature and humidity values ​​and record the data. The vibration sensor may be an accelerometer, and the accelerometer may be installed at a corresponding point of the optical fiber communication line. The accelerometer may also be connected through a microcontroller, and a program may be written to read the vibration signal and record the data. The oscilloscope may be a Siglent SDS2000X series oscilloscope, and may also be placed at a corresponding point of the optical fiber communication line. The electromagnetic pulse signal and the radio frequency interference signal may be recorded through a corresponding data recording tool. Of course, the integrated signal receiver may also be other types of equipment in the prior art, which is not limited here.

[0078] Furthermore, after obtaining the attenuation rate, reflectivity, temperature, and humidity at different collection times during the monitoring period, these types of data are subjected to maximum-minimum normalization processing, and then the normalized data are used for subsequent analysis and processing, so that in the subsequent analysis and processing process, various data are analyzed and processed under the same dimension to avoid the problem of some data being neglected due to different dimensions. When performing the maximum-minimum normalization processing, the suitable temperature of the optical fiber and the temperature are subjected to maximum-minimum normalization processing together, and the suitable humidity of the optical fiber and the humidity are subjected to maximum-minimum normalization processing together, so as to ensure the rationality of the subsequent calculation formula.

[0079] A feature extraction module, the feature extraction module is used to extract features from state parameters to obtain a comprehensive feature vector, the comprehensive feature vector is composed of a line performance vector, a fiber fault vector, a connector fault vector and a communication fault vector, and the comprehensive feature vector is used to reflect the operating state of the optical fiber communication line within the monitoring time period, the feature extraction module is composed of a line performance vector extraction unit, a fiber fault vector extraction unit, a connector fault vector extraction unit, an interference fault vector extraction unit and a vector summary unit, and is specifically as follows:

[0080] A line performance vector extraction unit, the line performance vector extraction unit is used to extract features of the attenuation rate, reflectivity, and packet loss rate within the monitoring time period to obtain the attenuation rate mean, attenuation rate variance, reflectivity mean, reflectivity variance, and packet loss rate within the monitoring time period, and combine them to form a line performance vector, which is used to reflect the performance of the optical fiber communication line during signal transmission;

[0081] Among them, the line performance vector is expressed as follows:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, σ 2 α , σ 2 R ,PLR represents the mean attenuation rate, the variance of attenuation rate, the mean reflectivity, the variance of reflectivity and the packet loss rate, respectively, and λ1 represents the line performance vector;

[0084] Among them, the calculation formulas for the mean and variance of the decay rate are as follows:

[0085]

[0086] Similarly, the same method is used to obtain the reflectivity mean and reflectivity variance. The calculation formulas for the mean and variance are existing calculations and will not be repeated here.

[0087] It should be noted that the larger the mean value of the attenuation rate, the greater the signal attenuation rate of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period, which means that the signal is seriously lost during the transmission process, the signal strength is reduced, and it is difficult to obtain a clear signal from the output end of the optical fiber communication line. The performance of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period is also worse. The larger the attenuation rate variance, the more unstable the transmission signal in the optical fiber communication line, the easier it is to cause signal distortion, and the worse the performance of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period. The high attenuation rate variance is often caused by quality problems of the optical fiber material, such as uneven optical fiber, which leads to large differences in the attenuation rate of the signal at various locations of the optical fiber, thus showing a high attenuation rate variance.

[0088] It should be noted that the greater the reflectivity mean, the greater the degree of signal return loss, which will reduce the effective transmission of the signal, cause the optical signal to be unstable, increase the bit error rate, and thus affect the communication quality. The worse the performance of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period, the greater the reflectivity variance, the more unstable the transmission signal in the optical fiber communication line, the easier it is to cause signal reflection and loss, and the worse the performance of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period. The high reflectivity variance is often caused by the uneven connection quality of each optical fiber connector. For example, in the optical fiber communication line, the connection quality of some optical fiber connectors is excellent, but some optical fiber connectors have poor joints, which causes signal reflection and loss, thus showing a high reflectivity variance.

[0089] It should be noted that the greater the packet loss rate, the worse the integrity and reliability of the data transmitted by the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period, and thus the worse the performance of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period. Especially in real-time applications (such as video conferencing, online games, etc.), a higher packet loss rate will significantly affect the user experience.

[0090] An optical fiber fault vector extraction unit, the optical fiber fault vector extraction unit is used to extract features of the attenuation rate, temperature and humidity within the monitoring time period to obtain the attenuation rate variance, temperature mean, temperature variance, humidity mean and humidity variance within the monitoring time period, combine the temperature mean, temperature variance and humidity mean to generate a first optical fiber fault index, combine the first optical fiber fault index and the attenuation rate variance to generate a second optical fiber fault index, combine the first optical fiber fault index, the second optical fiber fault index and the attenuation rate variance to form an optical fiber fault vector, and the optical fiber fault vector is used to reflect the possibility of an optical fiber failure in an optical fiber communication line;

[0091] The formula for calculating the first optical fiber fault index is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] In the formula, σ 2 T , are the temperature mean, temperature variance, and humidity mean of the optical fiber communication line, respectively. Specifically, the temperature mean, temperature variance, and humidity mean of each point are calculated first, and then the temperature mean, temperature variance, and humidity mean of each point are averaged, and the processed results are used as the temperature mean, temperature variance, and humidity mean of the optical fiber communication line to avoid accidental errors of taking individual points. T is the optical fiber suitable temperature that is most suitable for optical fiber work, and RH is the optical fiber suitable humidity that is most suitable for optical fiber work. The optical fiber suitable temperature and optical fiber suitable humidity are specifically obtained through laboratory experiments. For example, the optical fiber suitable temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, and the optical fiber suitable humidity is 40%. Under this combination of optical fiber suitable temperature and optical fiber suitable humidity, the optical fiber can guarantee relatively excellent performance, and will not be deformed and bent due to thermal expansion and contraction, nor will it be cracked due to too low humidity, nor will it be corroded by water seepage due to too high humidity;

[0094] In the formula, F fo1 Indicates the first fiber failure index. The first fiber failure index is used to comprehensively consider temperature and humidity factors to evaluate the possibility of fiber failure. The larger the first fiber failure index, the greater the possibility of fiber failure.

[0095] It should be noted that The larger the temperature variance is, the greater the deviation of the mean temperature from the appropriate temperature of the optical fiber. The greater the possibility of optical fiber failure due to excessively high or low temperature. On this basis, the larger the temperature variance is, the more uneven the temperature is. Uneven temperature will lead to inconsistent thermal expansion and contraction of various parts of the optical fiber, further increasing the possibility of optical fiber failure due to temperature factors. Therefore, Based on the increase of exponent σ 2 T, to comprehensively reflect the possibility of optical fiber failure caused by temperature factors, The form of reflects the nonlinear effect of temperature factors on fiber failure. The setting of 1 is to avoid the problem of the base being less than 1. The greater the deviation of the temperature mean from the appropriate temperature of the fiber and the temperature variance, The larger the fiber optic cable is, the greater the possibility of failure due to temperature factors, and the larger the first fiber optic failure index is. The larger it is, the greater the degree to which the mean humidity deviates from the suitable humidity of the optical fiber, the greater the possibility of optical fiber failure due to excessively high or low humidity, and the greater the first optical fiber failure index;

[0096] In the formula, ω1 represents the weight of temperature in the calculation of the first optical fiber fault index, and ω2 represents the weight of humidity in the calculation of the first optical fiber fault index. When ω1>ω2, it means that the degree to which the temperature mean deviates from the suitable temperature of the optical fiber is greater than the degree to which the humidity mean deviates from the suitable humidity of the optical fiber. At this time, the influence of temperature on optical fiber failure is greater than the influence of humidity on optical fiber failure. Therefore, ω1>ω2. When , it means that the degree to which the mean temperature deviates from the suitable temperature of the optical fiber is equal to the degree to which the mean humidity deviates from the suitable humidity of the optical fiber. At this time, the effect of temperature on optical fiber failure is equal to the effect of humidity on optical fiber failure. Therefore, ω1=ω2. When ω1<ω2, it means that the degree to which the mean temperature deviates from the suitable temperature of the optical fiber is less than the degree to which the mean humidity deviates from the suitable humidity of the optical fiber. At this time, the influence of temperature on optical fiber failure is less than the influence of humidity on optical fiber failure, so ω1<ω2;

[0097] The formula for calculating the second optical fiber fault index is as follows:

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, F fo2 is the second fiber fault index, which is used to comprehensively consider the first fiber fault index and the attenuation rate variance to evaluate the possibility of fiber failure. The larger the second fiber fault index is, the greater the possibility of fiber failure is.

[0100] In the formula, σ 2 α ' is the attenuation rate variance threshold, which is used to indicate the minimum attenuation rate variance when a fiber fails. Its value can be determined based on experiments or relevant experts. It is used to correct the first fiber fault index to obtain the second fiber fault index. 2 α >σ 2 α ', it indicates that the optical fiber is likely to fail. In the form of, a larger second fiber fault index is obtained on the basis of the first fiber fault index, so as to increase the possibility of output fiber failure in the subsequent model processing. Similarly, when σ 2 α <σ 2 α ', it means that the possibility of optical fiber failure is small at this time. In the form of, a smaller second fiber fault index is obtained on the basis of the first fiber fault index, so as to reduce the possibility of output fiber failure in the subsequent model processing;

[0101] The fiber fault vector is expressed as follows:

[0102] λ2=[F fo1 ,F fo2 ,σ 2 α ,]

[0103] It should be noted that λ2 represents the fiber fault vector, which includes three elements: the first fiber fault index, the second fiber fault index, and the attenuation rate variance. The three elements consider the possibility of fiber fault from the aspects of temperature and humidity, attenuation rate variance, and the combination of the two, respectively, to ensure the comprehensiveness of the data while ensuring the simplicity of the data, so as to improve the accuracy of the fault type output by the subsequent model;

[0104] A connector fault vector extraction unit, wherein the connector fault vector extraction unit is used to extract features of reflectivity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal within a monitoring time period to obtain reflectivity variance, vibration speed variance, vibration speed peak value, vibration speed peak-to-peak value, electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude within the monitoring time period, combine the vibration speed variance, vibration speed peak value and vibration speed peak-to-peak value to generate a first connector fault index, combine the first connector fault index, electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude to generate a second connector fault index, combine the second connector fault index and reflectivity variance to generate a third connector fault index, combine the first connector fault index, the second connector fault index, the third connector fault index and reflectivity variance to form a connector fault vector, and the connector fault vector is used to reflect the possibility of failure of an optical fiber connector in an optical fiber communication line;

[0105] The formula for calculating the first connector fault index is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] In the formula, σ 2z , P z PP z They are respectively the vibration velocity variance, vibration velocity peak value, and vibration velocity peak-to-peak value of the optical fiber communication line. Specifically, the vibration velocity variance, vibration velocity peak value, and vibration velocity peak-to-peak value of each point are first extracted by MATLAB software and maximum-minimum normalization processing is performed, and then the vibration velocity variance, vibration velocity peak value, and vibration velocity peak-to-peak value of each point after the normalization processing are averaged, and the processed results are used as the vibration velocity variance, vibration velocity peak value, and vibration velocity peak-to-peak value of the optical fiber communication line, so as to avoid accidental errors of taking a single point. This is a prior art and will not be elaborated here. The vibration velocity variance is used to measure the average severity of vibration, the vibration velocity peak value is used to measure the instantaneous severity of vibration, and the peak-to-peak value is used to measure the amplitude of change of vibration;

[0108] In the formula, F foc1 Indicates the first connector failure index. The first connector failure index is used to consider vibration factors to evaluate the possibility of optical fiber connector failure. The larger the first connector failure index is, the greater the possibility of optical fiber connector failure is.

[0109] It should be noted that the greater the peak-to-peak value of the vibration velocity, the greater the vibration amplitude of the optical fiber communication line, and the greater the possibility of the optical fiber connector failing due to vibration (such as loosening and damage). On this basis, the greater the variance of the vibration velocity, the greater the intensity of the vibration of the optical fiber communication line, which further increases the possibility of the optical fiber connector failing due to vibration. Therefore, in (1+PP z ) based on the increase of exponent σ 2 z , to comprehensively reflect the possibility of optical fiber connector failure caused by vibration velocity peak-to-peak value and vibration velocity variance, The form of reflects the nonlinear effect of the vibration velocity peak-to-peak value and the vibration velocity variance on the optical fiber connector failure. The setting of 1 is to avoid the problem of the base being less than 1. The larger the vibration velocity peak-to-peak value and the vibration velocity variance, The larger the value is, the greater the possibility that the optical fiber connector will fail due to the peak-to-peak value of the vibration velocity and the vibration velocity variance. The larger the first index of connector failure is. Similarly, the larger the peak value of the vibration velocity is, the greater the intensity of the instantaneous vibration to which the optical fiber communication line is subjected. The greater the possibility that the optical fiber connector will fail due to the influence of the instantaneous vibration is. The influence of the instantaneous vibration on the optical fiber connector is extremely significant, and it is more likely to cause irreversible damage to the optical fiber connector. Therefore, the index form is used. To reflect the nonlinear effect of vibration velocity peak value on optical fiber connector failure, and The larger it is, the greater the possibility of optical fiber connector failure due to vibration velocity peak value, and the larger the first connector failure index is.

[0110] In the formula, ω3 represents the weight of the peak-to-peak value of the vibration velocity and the vibration velocity variance in the calculation of the first index of the connector fault, and ω4 represents the weight of the peak value of the vibration velocity in the calculation of the first index of the connector fault. In addition, because the impact of instantaneous vibration on the optical fiber connector is more significant, it is more likely to cause irreversible faults such as loosening of the optical fiber connector. Therefore, on the basis of ω3+ω4=1, 0<ω3<ω4<1 is set to ensure that the peak value of the vibration velocity has a higher weight in the calculation of the first index of the connector fault.

[0111] As an implementation method, the value range of ω3 is 0.2-0.4, and the value range of ω4 is 0.6-0.8. The specific values ​​are set by the staff according to the actual situation and are not limited here;

[0112] The formula for calculating the second connector fault index is as follows:

[0113]

[0114] In the formula, K d , P d , P s They represent the electromagnetic pulse width (duration of the electromagnetic pulse), the electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, the average amplitude of radio frequency interference and the peak amplitude of radio frequency interference respectively. Specifically, the electromagnetic pulse width, the electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, the average amplitude of radio frequency interference and the peak amplitude of radio frequency interference of each point are first extracted by MATLAB software and normalized, and the maximum allowable amplitude of radio frequency interference and the average amplitude of radio frequency interference are subjected to maximum-minimum normalization processing together to ensure the rationality of the calculation formula in the following text, and then the electromagnetic pulse width, the electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, the average amplitude of radio frequency interference and the peak amplitude of radio frequency interference of each point after normalization processing are averaged, and the processed results are used as the electromagnetic pulse width, the electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, the average amplitude of radio frequency interference and the peak amplitude of radio frequency interference of the optical fiber communication line, so as to avoid the accidental error of taking a single point. This is a prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0115] In the formula, F foc2 Indicates the second connector failure index. The second connector failure index is used to consider the first connector failure index, electromagnetic pulse and radio frequency interference to evaluate the possibility of optical fiber connector failure. The larger the second connector failure index, the greater the possibility of optical fiber connector failure.

[0116] Where P s' is the maximum allowable amplitude of radio frequency interference, and its value can be determined by relevant experts according to relevant industrial standards (such as IEC, ANSI, ITU, etc.) or optical fiber connector work manuals. When the average amplitude of radio frequency interference exceeds the maximum allowable amplitude of radio frequency interference, radio frequency interference will cause adverse or even irreversible damage to the optical fiber connector, thereby increasing the possibility of optical fiber connector failure;

[0117] It should be noted that electromagnetic pulses are instantaneous, explosive, strong electromagnetic interference signals, which usually cause irreversible damage to optical fiber connectors, leading to optical fiber connector failures. Therefore, the characteristic data of electromagnetic pulses are introduced to correct the first connector failure index. The larger the peak amplitude of the electromagnetic pulse, the greater the intensity of the electromagnetic pulse, and the easier it is to damage the optical fiber connector. On this basis, the smaller the electromagnetic pulse width, the stronger the instantaneous electromagnetic pulse, and the greater the impact on the optical fiber connector, which further increases the possibility of optical fiber connector failure due to the influence of electromagnetic pulses. Therefore, in (1+P d ) based on the increase of index To reflect the possibility of electromagnetic pulses causing fiber optic connector failures, The form of reflects the nonlinear effect of electromagnetic pulse on optical fiber connector failure, and the larger the peak amplitude of the electromagnetic pulse, the smaller the electromagnetic pulse width. The larger it is, the greater the possibility that the optical fiber connector will fail due to electromagnetic pulses, and the larger the second connector failure index is.

[0118] It should be noted that compared with electromagnetic pulses, radio frequency interference is a continuous and gentle weak electromagnetic interference signal. Therefore, under the premise that the average amplitude of radio frequency interference is less than the maximum allowable amplitude of radio frequency interference, radio frequency interference usually does not cause irreversible damage to the optical fiber connector, but will cause temporary performance degradation of the optical fiber connector, thereby creating an illusion of optical fiber connector failure. Therefore, the characteristic data of radio frequency interference is introduced to correct the first connector failure index. The larger the average amplitude of radio frequency interference, the greater the continuous intensity of radio frequency interference, the easier it is to cause temporary performance degradation of the optical fiber connector, and the greater the illusion of optical fiber connector failure. On this basis, the larger the peak amplitude of radio frequency interference, the greater the instantaneous intensity of radio frequency interference. However, because radio frequency interference is generally gentle, under the premise that the average amplitude of radio frequency interference is less than the maximum allowable amplitude of radio frequency interference, a larger peak amplitude of radio frequency interference will only further aggravate the temporary performance degradation of the optical fiber connector, that is, to correct the interference effect of the average amplitude of radio frequency interference, further increasing the illusion of optical fiber connector failure. Therefore, the first index of connector failure is corrected. To correct the first index of connector failure, The form of reflects the nonlinear effect of RF interference on the false appearance of optical fiber connector failure. The larger the average amplitude and peak amplitude of RF interference, The smaller it is, the smaller it is, so as to reduce the second index of connector failure and correct the influence of the optical fiber connector failure illusion;

[0119] It should be noted that when the average amplitude of RF interference is not less than the maximum allowable amplitude of RF interference, RF interference will cause irreversible damage to the optical fiber connector to a certain extent, thus causing the optical fiber connector to fail. Therefore, the characteristic data of RF interference is introduced to correct the first index of connector failure. The larger the average amplitude of RF interference, the greater the continuous intensity of RF interference, and the more likely it is to cause optical fiber connector failure. On this basis, the larger the peak amplitude of RF interference, the greater the instantaneous intensity of RF interference, which further increases the possibility of optical fiber connector failure. Therefore, the first index of connector failure is corrected. To correct the first index of connector failure, The form of reflects the nonlinear influence of the part of the RF interference peak amplitude and the average RF interference amplitude exceeding the maximum allowable amplitude of RF interference on the optical fiber connector failure, and the larger the RF interference peak amplitude and the average RF interference amplitude, The larger it is, the greater the possibility that the optical fiber connector will fail due to radio frequency interference, and the larger the second connector failure index is.

[0120] In the formula, ω5 represents the weight of electromagnetic pulse in the calculation of the second index of connector failure, ω6 represents the weight of radio frequency interference in the calculation of the second index of connector failure, and because electromagnetic pulse is more destructive to optical fiber connectors than radio frequency interference, on the basis of ω5+ω6=1, 0<ω6<ω5<1 is set to ensure that electromagnetic pulse has a higher weight in the calculation of the second index of connector failure;

[0121] As an implementation method, the value range of ω5 is 0.6-0.9, and the value range of ω6 is 0.1-0.4. The specific values ​​are set by the staff according to the actual situation and are not limited here;

[0122] The formula for calculating the third connector fault index is as follows:

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, F foc3 The third connector failure index is used to comprehensively consider the second connector failure index and the reflectivity variance to evaluate the possibility of optical fiber connector failure. The larger the third connector failure index is, the greater the possibility of optical fiber connector failure is.

[0125] In the formula, σ 2 R ' is the reflectivity variance threshold, which is used to indicate the minimum reflectivity variance when a fiber optic connector fails. Its value can be determined based on experiments or relevant experts. Used to correct the second index of connector fault to obtain the third index of connector fault. 2 R >σ 2 R ', it indicates that the optical fiber is likely to fail. In the form of, a larger connector failure third index is obtained based on the connector failure second index, so as to increase the possibility of output connector failure in the subsequent model processing. Similarly, when σ 2 R <σ 2 R ', it means that the possibility of optical fiber failure is small at this time. In the form of, a smaller connector failure third index is obtained based on the connector failure second index, so as to reduce the possibility of output connector failure in the subsequent model processing;

[0126] Among them, the connector fault vector is expressed as follows:

[0127] λ3=[F foc1 ,F foc2 ,F foc3 ,σ 2 R ]

[0128] It should be noted that λ3 is the connector fault vector, which includes four elements: the first connector fault index, the second connector fault index, the third connector fault index, and the reflectivity variance. The four elements consider the possibility of optical fiber connector failure from the vibration level, the vibration and interference combination level, the vibration, interference, and reflectivity variance combination level, and the reflectivity variance level, respectively, to ensure the data is concise and comprehensive, so as to improve the accuracy of the subsequent model output fault type;

[0129] An interference fault vector extraction unit, the interference fault vector extraction unit is used to extract features of electromagnetic pulse signals and radio frequency interference signals within the monitoring time period to obtain the electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude within the monitoring time period, and combine them to form an interference fault vector, the interference fault vector is used to reflect the possibility of failure of the optical fiber communication line due to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference;

[0130] Among them, the interference fault vector is expressed as follows:

[0131] λ4=[K d ,P d ,P s ,P s ]

[0132] It should be noted that λ4 is an interference fault vector, which includes four electromagnetic interference characteristics, namely, electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude, to characterize the impact of electromagnetic interference on the optical fiber communication line;

[0133] A vector summarizing unit, the vector summarizing unit is used to summarize the line performance vector, the optical fiber fault vector, the connector fault vector and the communication fault vector to form a comprehensive feature vector;

[0134] Among them, the comprehensive feature vector is expressed as follows:

[0135]

[0136] It should be noted that λ is a comprehensive feature vector.

[0137] A fault discrimination model, the fault discrimination model is used to receive the comprehensive feature vector and output a fault analysis result of the optical fiber communication line, the fault analysis result being no fault, optical fiber fault, optical fiber connector fault or interference fault;

[0138] The fault discrimination model uses a deep learning model based on a multi-layer perceptron, including an input layer for receiving a comprehensive feature vector, one or more hidden layers for processing the comprehensive feature vector, and using a ReLU activation function in the hidden layer to increase nonlinearity, and the hidden layer includes 64 or 32 neurons, an output layer for outputting the fault analysis result, and the output layer uses a Softmax activation function to predict the fault analysis result of the optical fiber communication line according to the comprehensive feature vector. Of course, the fault discrimination model can also use model structures such as support vector machines and random forests, which are not limited here;

[0139] Before using the fault discrimination model to analyze the comprehensive feature vector to output the fault analysis result of the optical fiber communication line, it is necessary to train the fault discrimination model first. The training process is as follows: first obtain the historical state parameters of the optical fiber communication line in multiple historical monitoring time periods and the corresponding fault analysis results, and then use the feature extraction module to extract the features of the historical state parameters to obtain the historical comprehensive feature vector, and mark the fault analysis results at the corresponding historical comprehensive feature vector to form a data set. The specific marking method is: when the fault analysis result is "no fault", mark "0" on the corresponding historical comprehensive feature vector; when the fault analysis result is "optical fiber fault", mark "1" on the corresponding historical comprehensive feature vector; when the fault analysis result is "optical fiber connector fault", mark "0" on the corresponding historical comprehensive feature vector. When the fault analysis result is "interference fault", "3" is marked on the corresponding historical comprehensive feature vector. Then, the data set is divided into training set, validation set and test set in a ratio of 70:15:15. The cross entropy loss function and Adam optimizer are used to train the fault discrimination model with the training set, and the loss and accuracy of the training process are monitored. The validation set is used to adjust the hyperparameters and prevent overfitting. The test set is used to evaluate the performance of the fault discrimination model. Specifically, the performance of the fault discrimination model is evaluated by calculating indicators such as accuracy and recall rate. When the relevant indicators reach the threshold (such as the accuracy reaches 95%), it is determined that the fault discrimination model training is completed. The specific training, validation and testing processes are conventional technical means of those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0140] An optical fiber fault point locating module, wherein the optical fiber fault point locating module is used to obtain an OTDR reflection waveform diagram of the optical fiber when the fault identification module outputs the fault analysis result of the optical fiber fault, and determine the fault point of the optical fiber based on the OTDR reflection waveform diagram;

[0141] The method for obtaining the OTDR reflection waveform diagram is as follows: connecting an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to the end of an optical fiber, adjusting the test parameters of the optical time domain reflectometer in advance, and starting the optical time domain reflectometer to test the optical fiber to obtain the OTDR reflection waveform diagram;

[0142] It should be noted that the test parameters include test wavelength, pulse width, test distance, sampling frequency and average times. The specific values ​​of the test parameters are set according to the actual situation. For example, the test distance is between 1.2 times and 1.5 times the length of the optical fiber, the sampling frequency is between 1kHz and 10kHz, and the average times are between 16 and 256 times. For example, when conducting long-distance tests, a test wavelength of 1550nm is selected, and the pulse width is set between 1 microsecond and 10 microseconds. When conducting short-distance tests, a test wavelength of 850nm is selected, and the pulse width is set between 1 nanosecond and 100 nanoseconds.

[0143] Among them, the method for determining the fault point of the optical fiber based on the OTDR reflection waveform diagram is: based on the numerical differentiation method, the slope of each point in the OTDR reflection waveform diagram is calculated, and the point with a slope greater than a preset slope threshold is taken as an abnormal point, and then the position corresponding to the abnormal point in the optical fiber is taken as the fault point. The preset slope threshold can be determined by the staff based on historical data. This is a prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0144] A fault feedback module, which is used to transmit the fault analysis result to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room, and when the fault analysis result is an optical fiber fault, transmit the fault point information to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room;

[0145] It should be noted that the fault feedback module is a signal transmitter that can output multiple signals. When the fault analysis result is no fault, a no fault signal is transmitted to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room. When the fault analysis result is an optical fiber fault, an optical fiber fault signal and the location information of the fault point are transmitted to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room to facilitate the staff in the control room to inspect and repair the optical fiber. When the fault analysis result is a connector fault, a connector fault signal is transmitted to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room to facilitate the staff in the control room to inspect and repair the optical fiber connector. When the fault analysis result is an interference fault, an interference fault signal is transmitted to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room to prevent the staff from mistakenly thinking that the optical fiber connector is damaged and immediately going to repair it, causing unnecessary manpower consumption.

[0146] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0147] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software methods depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0148] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0149] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fiber optic communication line fault feedback system, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is used to obtain the state parameters of the optical fiber communication line within the monitoring time period, the state parameters including the attenuation rate, reflectivity, packet loss rate of the optical fiber communication line, the temperature, humidity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal at multiple points of the optical fiber communication line; A feature extraction module, wherein the feature extraction module is used to extract features of the state parameters to obtain a comprehensive feature vector, wherein the comprehensive feature vector is composed of a line performance vector, a fiber fault vector, a connector fault vector, and a communication fault vector, and the comprehensive feature vector is used to reflect the operating state of the optical fiber communication line within the monitoring time period; A fault discrimination model, the fault discrimination model is used to receive the comprehensive feature vector and output a fault analysis result of the optical fiber communication line, the fault analysis result being no fault, optical fiber fault, optical fiber connector fault or interference fault; An optical fiber fault point locating module, wherein the optical fiber fault point locating module is used to obtain an OTDR reflection waveform diagram of the optical fiber when the fault identification module outputs the fault analysis result of the optical fiber fault, and determine the fault point of the optical fiber based on the OTDR reflection waveform diagram; A fault feedback module is used to transmit the fault analysis result to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room, and when the fault analysis result is an optical fiber fault, the fault point information is transmitted to the optical fiber communication monitoring control room.

2. The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a first optical power meter installed at the input end of the optical fiber communication line and a second optical power meter installed at the output end of the optical fiber communication line. The first optical power meter is used to obtain the initial optical power of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period, and the second optical power meter is used to obtain the terminal optical power of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring period. Based on the initial optical power and the terminal optical power, the attenuation rate and reflectivity of the optical fiber communication line are calculated. The calculation formula is as follows: Where L represents the length of the optical fiber communication line, P in (i) represents the initial optical power at the i-th acquisition moment, P out (i) represents the terminal optical power at the i-th acquisition time, α(i) represents the attenuation rate of the optical fiber communication line at the i-th acquisition time, R(i) represents the reflectivity of the optical fiber communication line at the i-th acquisition time, i is the index of the acquisition time in the monitoring time period, and i∈[1,n], n is the number of acquisition times in the monitoring time period; The data acquisition module also includes a network analyzer that sends data packets at the input end of the optical fiber communication line and receives data packets at the output end of the optical fiber communication line, and the network analyzer records the number of data packets sent and the number of data packets received during the monitoring time period, and calculates the packet loss rate of the optical fiber communication line during the monitoring time period based on the number of data packets sent and received, and the calculation formula is as follows: Where PLR ​​represents the packet loss rate of the optical fiber communication line, N in Indicates the total number of data packets sent by the network analyzer during the monitoring period, N out Indicates the cumulative number of data packets received by the network analyzer during the monitoring period; A plurality of points are selected at equal intervals along the extension direction of the optical fiber communication line. The data acquisition module also includes a plurality of integrated signal receivers arranged one by one at the corresponding points. The integrated signal receiver is used to receive the temperature, humidity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal at the corresponding points of the optical fiber communication line. The integrated signal receiver is composed of a temperature and humidity sensor for collecting temperature and humidity, a vibration sensor for collecting vibration signals, and an oscilloscope for collecting electromagnetic pulse signals and radio frequency interference signals.

3. The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feature extraction module is composed of a line performance vector extraction unit, a fiber fault vector extraction unit, a connector fault vector extraction unit, an interference fault vector extraction unit and a vector summarization unit.

4. The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The line performance vector extraction unit is used to extract features of the attenuation rate, reflectivity, and packet loss rate within the monitoring time period to obtain the attenuation rate mean, attenuation rate variance, reflectivity mean, reflectivity variance, and packet loss rate within the monitoring time period, and combine them to form a line performance vector, which is used to reflect the performance of the optical fiber communication line during signal transmission; Among them, the line performance vector is expressed as follows: In the formula, PLR represents the mean attenuation rate, the variance of attenuation rate, the mean reflectivity, the variance of reflectivity and the packet loss rate, respectively, and λ1 represents the line performance vector.

5. The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical fiber fault vector extraction unit is used to extract features of the attenuation rate, temperature and humidity within the monitoring time period to obtain the attenuation rate variance, temperature mean, temperature variance, humidity mean and humidity variance within the monitoring time period, combine the temperature mean, temperature variance and humidity mean to generate a first optical fiber fault index, combine the first optical fiber fault index and the attenuation rate variance to generate a second optical fiber fault index, combine the first optical fiber fault index, the second optical fiber fault index and the attenuation rate variance to form an optical fiber fault vector, and the optical fiber fault vector is used to reflect the possibility of an optical fiber failure in an optical fiber communication line; The formula for calculating the first optical fiber fault index is as follows: In the formula, are the temperature mean, temperature variance, and humidity mean of the optical fiber communication line, respectively. T is the most suitable temperature for optical fiber operation, RH is the most suitable humidity for optical fiber operation, and F fo1 represents the first optical fiber fault index, ω1 represents the weight of temperature in the calculation of the first optical fiber fault index, and ω2 represents the weight of humidity in the calculation of the first optical fiber fault index; The formula for calculating the second optical fiber fault index is as follows: In the formula, F fo2 is the second fiber fault index, σ 2 α' is the decay rate variance threshold, σ 2 α represents the variance of the decay rate; The fiber fault vector is expressed as follows: λ2=[F fo1 ,F fo2 ,s 2 a,] Where λ2 represents the fiber fault vector.

6. The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connector fault vector extraction unit is used to extract features from the reflectivity, vibration signal, electromagnetic pulse signal and radio frequency interference signal within the monitoring time period to obtain the reflectivity variance, vibration speed variance, vibration speed peak value, vibration speed peak-to-peak value, electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude within the monitoring time period, combine the vibration speed variance, vibration speed peak value and vibration speed peak-to-peak value to generate a first connector fault index, combine the first connector fault index, electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude to generate a second connector fault index, combine the second connector fault index and the reflectivity variance to generate a third connector fault index, combine the first connector fault index, the second connector fault index, the third connector fault index and the reflectivity variance to form a connector fault vector, and the connector fault vector is used to reflect the possibility of failure of the optical fiber connector in the optical fiber communication line; The formula for calculating the first connector fault index is as follows: In the formula, σ 2 z , P z PP z are the vibration velocity variance, vibration velocity peak, and vibration velocity peak-to-peak value of the optical fiber communication line, respectively. foc1 represents the first index of connector fault, ω3 represents the weight of the peak-to-peak value of vibration velocity and the vibration velocity variance in the calculation of the first index of connector fault, ω4 represents the weight of the peak value of vibration velocity in the calculation of the first index of connector fault, and ω3+ω4=1, and 0<ω3<ω4<1; The formula for calculating the second connector fault index is as follows: In the formula, K d , P d , Ps represents the electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude, respectively. foc2 Indicates the second index of connector failure, P s ' is the maximum allowable amplitude of radio frequency interference, ω5 represents the weight of electromagnetic pulse in the calculation of the second index of connector fault, ω6 represents the weight of radio frequency interference in the calculation of the second index of connector fault, and ω5+ω6=1, and 0<ω6<ω5<1; The formula for calculating the third connector fault index is as follows: In the formula, F foc3 is the third index of connector failure, σ 2 R ' is the reflectivity variance threshold, σ 2 R is the reflectivity variance; Among them, the connector fault vector is expressed as follows: λ3=[F foc1 ,F foc2 ,F foc3 ,s 2 R ] Where λ3 is the connector fault vector.

7. The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The interference fault vector extraction unit is used to extract features of the electromagnetic pulse signal and the radio frequency interference signal within the monitoring time period to obtain the electromagnetic pulse width, the electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, the radio frequency interference average amplitude and the radio frequency interference peak amplitude within the monitoring time period, and combine them to form an interference fault vector, which is used to reflect the possibility of failure of the optical fiber communication line due to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference; Among them, the interference fault vector is expressed as follows: λ4=[K d ,P d ,P s ,P s ] Where λ4 is the interference fault vector, K d , P d , P s They represent electromagnetic pulse width, electromagnetic pulse peak amplitude, radio frequency interference average amplitude and radio frequency interference peak amplitude respectively.

8. The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vector summarizing unit is used to summarize the line performance vector, the optical fiber fault vector, the connector fault vector and the communication fault vector to form a comprehensive feature vector; Among them, the comprehensive feature vector is expressed as follows: Where λ is the comprehensive feature vector, λ1 represents the line performance vector, λ2 represents the fiber fault vector, λ3 is the connector fault vector, and λ4 is the interference fault vector.

9. The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault discrimination model uses a deep learning model based on a multi-layer perceptron, including an input layer for receiving a comprehensive feature vector, one or more hidden layers for processing the comprehensive feature vector, and an output layer for outputting a fault analysis result; The process of training the fault discrimination model is as follows: obtaining the historical state parameters and corresponding fault analysis results of the optical fiber communication line in multiple historical monitoring time periods, and then extracting features from the historical state parameters through the feature extraction module to obtain a historical comprehensive feature vector, and marking the fault analysis results at the corresponding historical comprehensive feature vector to form a data set, and dividing the data set into a training set, a validation set, and a test set in a ratio of 70:15:

15. The training set is used to train the fault discrimination model, the validation set is used to adjust hyperparameters and prevent overfitting, and the test set is used to evaluate the performance of the fault discrimination model until the fault discrimination model training is completed.

10. The optical fiber communication line fault feedback system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining the fault point of the optical fiber based on the OTDR reflection waveform diagram is as follows: the slope of each point in the OTDR reflection waveform diagram is calculated based on the numerical differentiation method, and the point with a slope greater than a preset slope threshold is regarded as an abnormal point, and then the position in the optical fiber corresponding to the abnormal point is regarded as the fault point.

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