Display panel and display device

Abstract

The invention discloses a display panel and a display device, and the display panel comprises a substrate; the plurality of pixel units are arranged on a first surface, facing a first direction, of the substrate; the first light transmitting layer covers the substrate and the sides, facing the first direction, of the pixel units; the grating structure is arranged on the side, facing the first direction, of the first light transmitting layer, and a first part of light rays emitted by the pixel units are diffracted at the grating structure and then are emitted out of the first light transmitting layer; the included angle between the extension direction of the first part of light passing through the grating structure and the first direction is smaller than the included angle between the extension direction of the first part of light before entering the grating structure and the first direction. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the display effect of the display panel and the display device can be improved, and energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to an array substrate, a display panel and a display device. Background Art

[0002] As a new generation of display technology, Micro LED (Micro Light Emitting Diode) display screen occupies an important position in the display field with its significant advantages such as high brightness, high contrast, wide color gamut, fast response and long life. It is regarded as another important technological innovation after LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode).

[0003] However, despite the many technical advantages of Micro LED displays, there are still some defects in the packaging structure. Specifically, after LED packaging, when the light enters the packaging layer from the LED chip and then passes through the packaging layer into the air, the light will be refracted and totally reflected at the interface because the refractive index of the packaging layer is higher than that of the air. Refraction will cause the direction of the light originally emitted at a small angle to change, while total reflection will prevent the light at a large angle from being emitted smoothly. These totally reflected rays will eventually be absorbed by the BM (Black Matrix) anti-reflection layer. This phenomenon leads to relatively low package penetration. For example, the penetration of red light is about 60%, and the penetration of green light and blue light is about 50% respectively. The lack of package penetration directly affects the improvement of screen brightness, and also increases the power consumption of the display, becoming a technical bottleneck restricting the further development of Micro LED displays. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is how to improve the light extraction efficiency of a display panel and a display device.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel comprising: a substrate; a plurality of pixel units, arranged on a first surface of the substrate facing a first direction; a first light-transmitting layer, covering the substrate and a side of the plurality of pixel units facing the first direction; a grating structure, arranged on a side of the first light-transmitting layer facing the first direction, a first portion of light emitted by the pixel unit is diffracted at the grating structure and then emitted out of the first light-transmitting layer, and an angle between an extension direction of the first portion of light after passing through the grating structure and the first direction is smaller than an angle between an extension direction of the first portion of light before entering the grating structure and the first direction.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, comprising the above display panel.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0008] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of pixel units are arranged on the substrate, and a first light-transmitting layer is covered on the pixel units. By arranging a grating structure on the first light-transmitting layer, the light emitted by the pixel units is diffracted at the grating structure. Since the grating structure can effectively control the propagation direction of the light, the light that may have been absorbed due to total reflection can be emitted smoothly. The design of the grating structure reduces the angle of the emitted light. This design not only improves the light penetration rate, but also improves the screen brightness and reduces power consumption. Specifically, the grating structure adjusts the light that originally emitted at a large angle to a small angle through diffraction, thereby reducing the total reflection of the light, allowing more light to be emitted smoothly from the first light-transmitting layer, thereby improving the overall brightness and energy efficiency of the screen.

[0009] Furthermore, the grating structure is located between adjacent pixel units, which can effectively adjust the emission direction of light from the pixel units on both sides, reduce the total reflection phenomenon, and allow more light to smoothly emit from the first light-transmitting layer, thereby improving the overall brightness and energy efficiency of the screen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the structure shown along the AA direction;

[0012] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 a schematic diagram of a variation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0013] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a variation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0014] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another variation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0015] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the structure shown along the BB direction;

[0016] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the middle area C;

[0017] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a variation of the structure shown;

[0018] Fig. 9 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another variation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0019] Fig.10 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of yet another variation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0020] Fig.11 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a variation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0021] Fig.12 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another variation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0022] Fig.13 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another variation of the illustrated embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] As mentioned in the background art, existing display panels and display devices have low light extraction efficiency, resulting in high energy consumption.

[0024] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel and a display device, wherein the display panel includes: a substrate; a plurality of pixel units, which are arranged on a first surface of the substrate facing a first direction; a first light-transmitting layer, which covers the substrate and a side of the plurality of pixel units facing the first direction; a grating structure, which is arranged on a side of the first light-transmitting layer facing the first direction, a first portion of light emitted by the pixel unit is diffracted at the grating structure and then emitted out of the first light-transmitting layer, and an angle between an extension direction of the first portion of light after passing through the grating structure and the first direction is smaller than an angle between an extension direction of the first portion of light before entering the grating structure and the first direction.

[0025] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of pixel units are arranged on the substrate, and a first light-transmitting layer is covered on the pixel units. A grating structure is arranged on the first light-transmitting layer so that the light emitted by the pixel units is diffracted at the grating structure. Since the grating structure can effectively control the propagation direction of the light, the light that may have been absorbed due to total reflection can be emitted smoothly. The design of the grating structure reduces the angle of the emitted light. This design not only improves the light penetration rate, but also improves the screen brightness and reduces power consumption. Specifically, the grating structure adjusts the light that originally emitted at a large angle to a small angle through diffraction, thereby reducing the total reflection of the light, allowing more light to be emitted smoothly from the first light-transmitting layer, thereby improving the overall brightness and energy efficiency of the screen.

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and beneficial effects of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The structure shown is a cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0028] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The display panel 100 may include: a substrate 1; a plurality of pixel units 2, which are arranged on a first surface 101 of the substrate 1 facing a first direction D1; a first light-transmitting layer 3, which covers the substrate 1 and the plurality of pixel units 2 on one side facing the first direction D1; a grating structure 4, which is arranged on the one side of the first light-transmitting layer 3 facing the first direction D1, a first portion of light emitted by the pixel unit 2 is diffracted at the grating structure 4 and then emitted out of the first light-transmitting layer 3, and an angle between an extension direction of the first portion of light after passing through the grating structure 4 and the first direction D1 is smaller than an angle between an extension direction of the first portion of light before entering the grating structure 4 and the first direction D1.

[0029] Specifically, the display panel 100 can be used independently or spliced ​​together. For example, the display panel 100 can be used independently as a display screen of electronic devices such as smart phones, tablet computers, and laptop computers. Alternatively, the display panel 100 can also be used as a display unit constituting a larger display panel or display device, and multiple display panels 100 can be spliced ​​together for use.

[0030] Furthermore, the substrate 1 serves as a basic supporting structure of the entire display panel 100 and provides a stable physical foundation.

[0031] In some embodiments, the substrate 1 may include a backplane 11 and a black matrix (BM, Black Matrix) layer 12 covering the side of the backplane 11 facing the first direction D1. The backplane 11 may be, for example, a TFT drive backplane. The TFT drive backplane is usually composed of thin film transistors (Thin Film Transistor), which can accurately control the current of each pixel unit 2, thereby realizing independent driving of the pixel unit 2. As a result, the display panel 100 can achieve high-resolution and high-refresh rate image display. Furthermore, the black matrix layer 12 is used to block light in the non-display area (the area on the backplane 11 where the pixel unit 2 is not set) to prevent light from interfering with the normal display of the pixel unit, thereby improving the display contrast and image quality.

[0032] Further, a plurality of pixel units 2 are arranged on the first surface 101 of the substrate 1 facing the first direction D1, and the pixel units 2 constitute a basic unit for displaying an image. In some embodiments, the pixel units 2 can be selected from a variety of structures according to different display technologies, such as LED (Light Emitting Diode), Micro LED (Micro Light Emitting Diode) and OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode).

[0033] It should be understood that in the drawings of the present application, the number and distribution of the pixel units 2 are merely schematic, and those skilled in the art may determine the number and distribution of the pixel units 2 according to the actual application scenario of the display panel 100 .

[0034] In some embodiments, a plurality of pixel units 2 may be arranged in groups to form a plurality of pixel groups.

[0035] In some embodiments, the pixel group may include, for example, three pixel units 2 , and the three pixel units 2 may be used to emit red, green and blue light respectively.

[0036] Furthermore, the first light-transmitting layer 3 covers the substrate 1 and the side of the plurality of pixel units 2 facing the first direction D1 , and the first light-transmitting layer 3 can be used to protect the pixel units 2 and allow light to pass through.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first light-transmitting layer 3 may be made of an organic material (eg, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, acrylic), polyimide (PI), etc.), an inorganic material (eg, silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), silicon oxide (SiO 2) or composite materials (for example, amorphous carbon films and diamond films prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technology).

[0038] Furthermore, the grating structure 4 is disposed on a side of the first light-transmitting layer 3 facing the first direction D1, and is designed so that the light emitted by the pixel unit 2 is diffracted when passing through the grating structure, thereby changing the propagation direction of the light.

[0039] Specifically, when the first part of the light emitted by the pixel unit 2 reaches the grating structure 4, diffraction will occur. Diffraction is a wave phenomenon. When light passes through a grating with a periodic structure, the light will be emitted at a specific angle. The angle between the extension direction of the light after passing through the grating structure 4 and the first direction D1 is smaller than the angle between the extension direction of the light before entering the grating structure 4 and the first direction D1. Therefore, after the first part of the light passes through the grating structure 4, the emission angle becomes smaller and more concentrated. This design effectively reduces the total reflection phenomenon of the first part of the light at the interface between the first light-transmitting layer 3 and other layer structures (such as the second light-transmitting layer 5 and the grating structure 4), improves the package penetration rate, and allows more light to smoothly exit the package layer and enter the air.

[0040] The first part of light refers to light that, if the grating structure 4 is not provided, will be totally reflected at the interface between the first light-transmitting layer 3 and other layer structures and cannot be emitted from the first light-transmitting layer 3. Total reflection means that when light passes through the interface between two medium layers with large refractive index differences, if the incident angle is greater than a certain critical angle (i.e., the total reflection angle), the light will be completely reflected back to the original medium and cannot be transmitted to another medium. In the prior art of display panels, the interface between the first light-transmitting layer 3 and other layer structures usually has a high refractive index difference, so total reflection is prone to occur.

[0041] Furthermore, the grating structure 4 is designed so that when the first part of the light enters the grating structure, its incident angle relative to the angle between the straight line where the grating structure 4 is located and the interface is smaller than the total reflection angle. Therefore, at the interface between the first light-transmitting layer 3 and the grating structure 4, the first part of the light will not produce total reflection.

[0042] Furthermore, after passing through the grating structure 4, the first part of the light that would have been totally reflected can now enter the adjacent layer structure (such as the second light-transmitting layer 5) at an incident angle close to 90°, thereby avoiding the occurrence of total reflection, improving the light output rate of the display panel, and reducing energy consumption.

[0043] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the grating structure 4 is greater than the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer 3. The high refractive index of the grating structure 4 causes the first portion of light to be refracted when passing through the grating structure, thereby changing the propagation direction of the first portion of light. Thus, it is possible to ensure that the angle between the extension direction of the first portion of light after passing through the grating structure 4 and the first direction D1 is smaller than the angle between the extension direction of the first portion of light before entering the grating structure 4 and the first direction D1.

[0044] Furthermore, the difference between the refractive index of the grating structure 4 and the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer 3 is in the range of [0.2, 0.6]. The difference in refractive index in the range of [0.2, 0.6] can ensure that the first part of the light is appropriately refracted when passing through the grating structure 4, thereby changing the propagation direction of the first part of the light. In this way, not only the total reflection phenomenon of the first part of the light at the interface between the first light-transmitting layer 3 and other layer structures is reduced, the light emission efficiency of the display panel 100 is improved, but also the distribution of the light of the display panel 100 can be optimized.

[0045] In some embodiments, a plurality of the pixel units 2 are arranged in an array, and the grating structure 4 is located between two adjacent rows of the pixel units 2 .

[0046] For example, refer to Figure 1 , the grating structure 4 is located between two adjacent rows of pixel units 2. That is, the projection of the grating structure 4 on the first surface 11 is located between the two adjacent rows of pixel units 2.

[0047] In other embodiments, the grating structure 4 may also be located between two adjacent columns of pixel units 2. Alternatively, the grating structure 4 may be located between two adjacent rows and two adjacent columns of pixel units 2 (for example, Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, a cross-shaped grating structure 4 is present.

[0048] In the above embodiment, the grating structure 4 avoids the area above the pixel unit 2 along the first direction D1, so as to avoid affecting or even hindering the normal emission of light other than the first part of the light. At the same time, since the angle between the propagation direction of the first part of the light in the first light-transmitting layer 3 and the first direction D1 is relatively large, that is, the first part of the light is usually the light emitted by the pixel unit 2 in all directions, the grating structure 4 arranged on the side of the pixel unit 2 (or between two adjacent rows and / or two columns of pixel units 2) can better receive the first part of the light.

[0049] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1The grating structure 4 includes a plurality of first grating columns 401 extending along the second direction D2, the plurality of first grating columns 401 are located between two adjacent rows of pixel units 2, and the pixel units 2 located in the same row are spaced apart along the second direction D2.

[0050] Specifically, in the display panel 100, the grating structure 4 may include a plurality of first grating columns 401 extending along the second direction D2, and these first grating columns 401 are located between two adjacent rows of pixel units 2. The pixel units 2 located in the same row are arranged at intervals along the second direction D2. Thus, the grating structure 4 can effectively regulate the light between adjacent pixel units 2. When light is emitted from the pixel unit 2 and reaches the grating structure 4, the first grating column 401 changes the propagation direction of the light through diffraction, so that the light that may have been totally reflected can be emitted at a smaller angle, thereby reducing the occurrence of total reflection and improving the light emission efficiency. This design not only improves the package penetration rate, but also allows more light to be smoothly emitted from the packaging layer and enter the air, thereby improving the brightness and energy efficiency of the screen. In addition, the layout of the first grating column 401 can also optimize the distribution of light, making the display effect more uniform and improving the clarity and contrast of the displayed image.

[0051] In some embodiments, the number of the first grating columns 401 between at least two rows of the pixel units 2 in the plurality of rows of the pixel units 2 is different from the number of the first grating columns 401 between the other two adjacent rows of the pixel units 2. Thus, the grating structure 4 can more flexibly adapt to the light control requirements between different rows of pixel units 2. Specifically, different rows of pixel units 2 may have different requirements for the emission direction and intensity of light. By adjusting the number of first grating columns 401, the propagation path of light can be accurately controlled to optimize the display effect. For example, between certain rows of pixel units 2, more first grating columns 401 may be required to enhance the control capability of the first part of light, so as to ensure that the first part of light can be emitted at a smaller angle relative to the first direction D1, thereby reducing the occurrence of total reflection. Between other rows of pixel units 2, fewer first grating columns 401 may be required to maintain uniform distribution and emission efficiency of light.

[0052] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 The grating structure 4 may further include a plurality of second grating columns 402 extending along a third direction D3, wherein the plurality of second grating columns 402 are located between two adjacent columns of the pixel units 2, and the pixel units 2 located in the same column are spaced apart along the third direction D3.

[0053] In some embodiments, the number of the first grating columns 401 is different from the number of the second grating columns 402. Therefore, in some application scenarios, the pixel units 2 arranged in different directions may have different requirements for the emission direction and intensity of light. By adjusting the number of the first grating columns 401 and the second grating columns 402, the propagation path of the first part of the light can be accurately controlled, thereby optimizing the display effect.

[0054] In other embodiments, the number of the first grating columns 401 is equal to the number of the second grating columns 402. Thus, the light output of the display panel 100 as a whole can be more balanced, thereby optimizing the display effect.

[0055] In some embodiments, the number of the second grating columns 402 between at least two columns of the pixel units 2 among the plurality of columns of the pixel units 2 is different from the number of the second grating columns 402 between other two adjacent columns of the pixel units 2 .

[0056] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 , a plurality of the first grating columns 401 and a plurality of the second grating columns 402 are connected at the intersection. When the first grating columns 401 and the second grating columns 402 are connected at the intersection, a continuous grating structure 4 can be formed, which helps to evenly distribute the light emitted by the display panel 100 in multiple directions. In this way, it can be ensured that the first part of the light emitted by the pixel units 2 arranged in the row and column directions can be effectively regulated, thereby improving the uniformity of the display effect.

[0057] In some embodiments, reference Fig.11 , the second grating column 402 is disconnected on both sides of the first grating column 401.

[0058] In some embodiments, reference Fig.12 , the first grating column 401 is disconnected on both sides of the second grating column 402.

[0059] In actual application scenarios, the display panel 100 usually has a main viewing angle along a certain direction (for example, the second direction D2 or the third direction D3). Taking the display panel 100 used for a television as an example, the user's viewing range is usually along the horizontal direction (for example, the second direction D2). In this case, the design of the display panel 100 will pay more attention to the light distribution and emission efficiency in the horizontal direction. In this scenario, the following is usually adopted: Fig.11 The second grating column 402 shown in the figure is disconnected on both sides of the first grating column 401. In other application scenarios, the user's observation range may also be, for example, along the vertical direction (for example, the third direction D3). In this case, the following method may be used: Fig.12 The structure shown is that the first grating column 401 is disconnected on both sides of the second grating column 402 .

[0060] In some embodiments, the projection of the grating structure 4 on the first surface 101 is located between at least one pair of adjacent pixel units 2 among the plurality of pixel units 2, the central axis of the projection of the grating structure 4 on the first surface 101 coincides with the central axis between the at least one pair of adjacent pixel units 2, and the grating structure 4 includes a plurality of grating columns 40 symmetrically distributed along the central axis. Thus, the light output of the display panel 100 can be more uniform.

[0061] In some embodiments, the period width of the grating structure 4 is set to [0.3, 3] microns.

[0062] In some embodiments, the height of the grating rod 40 is in the range of [0.3, 3] microns.

[0063] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 , the height of the grating column 40 close to the adjacent pixel unit 2 is less than the height of the grating column 40 far from the adjacent pixel unit 2. Thus, it is possible to avoid the grating column 14 close to the adjacent pixel unit 2 blocking the grating column 14 relatively far from the adjacent pixel unit 2, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency.

[0064] In some embodiments, the grating column 40 extends obliquely in a direction away from the adjacent pixel unit 2. Thus, the incident direction of the first part of the light when entering the grating column 40 is closer to the vertical interface between the first light-transmitting layer 3 and the grating column 40, reducing the total reflection phenomenon at the interface between the first light-transmitting layer 3 and the grating column 40, and ensuring that the first part of the light can smoothly enter the grating column 40.

[0065] In some embodiments, the angle between the extension direction of the grating column 40 and the first direction D1 is less than or equal to 45°. Thus, both high diffraction efficiency and low processing difficulty can be achieved.

[0066] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the plurality of grating rods 40 may be selected from a trapezoid, a parallelogram, and a rectangle.

[0067] For example, in Fig.13 In the embodiment shown, the cross-sectional shape of the grating column 40 is a trapezoid. In practical applications, the grating column 40 with a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape is easier to process.

[0068] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the grating rod 40 is a parallelogram.

[0069] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the grating column 40 is rectangular.

[0070] In some embodiments, in combination Figures 5 to 8 The cross-sectional shape of the multiple grating columns 40 is triangular, and the surface of the grating column 40 includes a first inclined surface facing the adjacent pixel unit 2 and a second inclined surface away from the adjacent pixel unit 2, and the angle between the first inclined surface and the first direction D1 is smaller than the angle between the second inclined surface and the first direction D1.

[0071] Further, the angle between the first inclined surface of the grating column 40 close to the adjacent pixel unit 2 and the first direction D1 is greater than the angle between the first inclined surface of the grating column 40 far away from the adjacent pixel unit 2 and the first direction D1, and the angle between the second inclined surface of the grating column 40 close to the adjacent pixel unit 2 and the first direction D1 is smaller than the angle between the first inclined surface of the grating column 40 far away from the adjacent pixel unit 2 and the first direction D1.

[0072] In actual application scenarios, compared with the grating column 40 close to the adjacent pixel unit 2, the angle between the extension direction of the first part of the light received by the grating column 40 far away from the adjacent pixel unit 2 and the first direction D1 is larger.

[0073] For example, refer to Figure 7 , the grating column 40 includes a first column 401, a second column 402 and a third column 403 adjacent to the pixel unit 2, wherein the first column 401, the second column 402 and the third column 403 are successively away from the pixel unit 2. Further, as shown in the figure, the angle between the extension direction of the first part of the light emitted to the first column 401 and the first direction D1 is smaller than the angle between the extension direction of the first part of the light emitted to the third column 403 of the second column 402 and the first direction D1. In this scenario, the first inclined plane is the incident plane of the first part of the light entering the grating column 40. Therefore, the angle between the first inclined plane of the first column 401 and the first direction D1 can be greater than the angle between the first inclined plane of the second column 402 and the first direction D1, so that the extension direction of the first part of the light emitted to the first column 401 is close to the first inclined plane perpendicular to the first column 401, so that the first part of the light can smoothly enter the first column 401.

[0074] Furthermore, after the first portion of light entering the grating column 40 is mirror-reflected at the second inclined surface of the grating column 40 , it is emitted from the grating structure 4 along a direction close to the first direction D1 .

[0075] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 The display panel may further include: a second light-transmitting layer 5 covering the side of the first light-transmitting layer 3 facing the first direction D1, and the grating structure 4 is formed on the surface of the second light-transmitting layer 5 facing the first light-transmitting layer 3

[0076] In some embodiments, reference Fig. 9 , the second light-transmitting layer 5 can be formed by an optical adhesive layer 6.

[0077] In some embodiments, reference Fig.10 The display panel may further include: a diffusion layer 7 covering a side of the second light-transmitting layer 5 facing the first direction D1.

[0078] In some embodiments, the grating structure 4 can be realized by first performing nano-imprinting on the first light-transmitting layer 3 and then flattening the front side of the second light-transmitting layer 5 .

[0079] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, comprising Figures 1 to 13 In the display panel 100 in the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of the display panels 100 are spliced ​​together in a plane perpendicular to the first direction D1.

[0080] It should be understood that the term "and / or" herein is merely an association relationship describing associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly stated, the term "or" covers all possible combinations unless not feasible. For example, if a component is stated to include A or B, then unless otherwise expressly stated or not feasible, the component may include A, or B, or A and B. As a second example, if a component is stated to include A, B, or C, then unless otherwise expressly stated or not feasible, the component may include A, or B, or C, or A and B, or A and C, or B and C, or A and B and C.

[0081] The "plurality" appearing in the embodiments of the present application refers to two or more.

[0082] Relational terms appearing in the embodiments of the present application, such as first, second, etc., are only used to distinguish an entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In addition, the words "include", "have", "include" and other similar forms are intended to be equivalent in meaning and are open-ended, and one or more items following any of these words are not meant to be an exhaustive list of such one or more items, or to be limited to the listed one or more items.

[0083] It should be pointed out that the serial numbers of the steps in this embodiment do not limit the execution order of the steps.

[0084] In the foregoing description, embodiments have been described with reference to many specific details, which may vary depending on the implementation. Certain changes and modifications may be made to the described embodiments. In view of the description and practice of the present application disclosed herein, other embodiments will be clear to those skilled in the art. The description and examples are intended to be considered as merely exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the following claims. The order of steps shown in the accompanying drawings is also intended to be used for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limited to any particular order of steps. Therefore, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these steps may be performed in different orders while implementing the same method.

[0085] In the drawings and the specification, exemplary embodiments have been disclosed. However, many variations and modifications may be made to these embodiments. Therefore, although specific terms are employed, they are used only in a general and descriptive sense and not for the purpose of limitation.

[0086] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that: include: substrate; A plurality of pixel units are arranged on a first surface of the substrate facing a first direction; A first light-transmitting layer, covering the substrate and a side of the plurality of pixel units facing the first direction; A grating structure is arranged on a side of the first light-transmitting layer facing the first direction, a first portion of light emitted by the pixel unit is diffracted at the grating structure and then emitted out of the first light-transmitting layer, and an angle between an extension direction of the first portion of light after passing through the grating structure and the first direction is smaller than an angle between an extension direction of the first portion of light before entering the grating structure and the first direction.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refractive index of the grating structure is greater than the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The difference between the refractive index of the grating structure and the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer is in the range of [0.2, 0.6].

4. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of pixel units are arranged in an array, and the grating structure is located between two adjacent rows of pixel units and / or two adjacent columns of pixel units.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grating structure includes a plurality of first grating columns extending along a second direction, the plurality of first grating columns are located between two adjacent rows of pixel units, and the pixel units located in the same row are spaced apart along the second direction.

6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the first grating columns between at least two rows of pixel units in the plurality of rows of pixel units is different from the number of the first grating columns between other two adjacent rows of pixel units.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grating structure further includes a plurality of second grating columns extending along a third direction, wherein the plurality of second grating columns are located between two adjacent columns of the pixel units, and the pixel units located in the same column are arranged at intervals along the third direction.

8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the first grating columns and the number of the second grating columns are not equal.

9. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the second grating columns between at least two columns of the pixel units among the plurality of columns of the pixel units is different from the number of the second grating columns between other two adjacent columns of the pixel units.

10. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of the first grating columns and a plurality of the second grating columns are connected at the intersection; or the first grating columns are disconnected on both sides of the second grating columns, or the second grating columns are disconnected on both sides of the first grating columns.

11. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection of the grating structure on the first surface is located between at least one pair of adjacent pixel units among the multiple pixel units, the central axis of the projection of the grating structure on the first surface coincides with the central axis between the at least one pair of adjacent pixel units, and the grating structure includes a plurality of grating columns symmetrically distributed along the central axis.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, characterized in that: The period width of the grating structure is in the range of [0.3, 3] micrometers; and / or The height of the grating column is in the range of [0.3, 3] micrometers; and / or The height of the grating column close to the adjacent pixel unit is smaller than the height of the grating column far from the adjacent pixel unit.

13. The display panel according to claim 12, characterized in that: The grating columns extend obliquely in a direction away from the adjacent pixel units.

14. The display panel according to claim 13, characterized in that: The angle between the extension direction of the grating column and the first direction is less than or equal to 45°.

15. The display panel according to claim 11, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the plurality of grating columns is selected from one of a trapezoid, a parallelogram and a rectangle.

16. The display panel according to claim 11, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the multiple grating columns is triangular, and the grating column surface includes a first inclined surface facing the adjacent pixel unit and a second inclined surface away from the adjacent pixel unit, and the angle between the first inclined surface and the first direction is smaller than the angle between the second inclined surface and the first direction.

17. The display panel according to claim 16, characterized in that: The angle between the first slope of the grating column close to the adjacent pixel unit and the first direction is greater than the angle between the first slope of the grating column far from the adjacent pixel unit and the first direction, and the angle between the second slope of the grating column close to the adjacent pixel unit and the first direction is smaller than the angle between the first slope of the grating column far from the adjacent pixel unit and the first direction.

18. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A second light-transmitting layer, covering a side of the first light-transmitting layer facing the first direction, wherein the grating structure is formed on a surface of the second light-transmitting layer facing the first light-transmitting layer; And / or the second light-transmitting layer is formed by an optical adhesive layer.

19. The display panel according to claim 18, characterized in that: Also includes: The diffusion layer covers a side of the second light-transmitting layer facing the first direction.

20. A display device, characterized in that: include: According to the display panel described in claims 1-19, multiple display panels are spliced ​​with each other in a plane perpendicular to the first direction.

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