Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sensing method and device and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) sensing method and device and communication equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the MIMO sensing method comprises the steps that a first node obtains first information, and the first information comprises precoding configuration information of a first signal; the first node performs time domain, spatial domain and frequency domain precoding on first signals transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the time domain, spatial domain and frequency domain precoding is used for suppressing cross correlation among the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technologies, and particularly relates to a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) sensing method, apparatus, and communication device. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, MIMO sensing requires the signals of each transmitting antenna port to be orthogonal, and the orthogonalization methods are generally Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM).

[0003] However, TDM and FDM require different transmitting antenna ports to occupy different time-frequency resources, reducing the utilization rate of sensing resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a MIMO sensing method, apparatus, and communication device, which can suppress the cross-correlation between signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports based on precoding, no longer require the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port to be orthogonal, and improve the utilization rate of sensing resources.

[0005] In a first aspect, a MIMO sensing method is provided, and the method includes:

[0006] A first node obtains first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0007] The first node performs time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports.

[0008] In a second aspect, a MIMO sensing apparatus is provided, which is applied to a first node, and the apparatus includes:

[0009] A first obtaining module, configured to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0010] A first precoding module, configured to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports.

[0011] In a third aspect, a MIMO sensing method is provided, and the method includes:

[0012] The second node obtains first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0013] The second node performs first processing on the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein, the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports of a first node, and the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding based on the first information suppresses the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, sensed result.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, a MIMO sensing device is provided, which is applied to a second node. The device includes:

[0015] A second acquisition module, configured to acquire first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0016] A first processing module, configured to perform first processing on the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein, the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports of a first node, and the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding based on the first information suppresses the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, sensed result.

[0017] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a program or instruction that can run on the processor. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect or the third aspect are implemented.

[0018] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface;

[0019] Wherein, when the communication device is a first node, the communication interface is configured to acquire first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the processor is configured to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on a first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports;

[0020] When the communication device is the second node, the communication interface is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the processor is used to perform a first process on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; where the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports of a first node, and the precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain based on the first information suppresses the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement values, sensed performance evaluation index measurement values, and sensed results.

[0021] In a seventh aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, including a first node and a second node, where the first node is used to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, and the second node is used to perform the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0022] In an eighth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect or the third aspect are implemented.

[0023] In a ninth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the method described in the first aspect or the third aspect.

[0024] In a tenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect or the third aspect.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the first node obtains the precoding configuration information of the first signal, and accordingly performs precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, so as to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports through precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain. In this way, the cross-interference of each TX-RX sub-channel can be suppressed through precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain, so that the first signal transmitted by each transmitting antenna port only needs to satisfy good auto-correlation to achieve MIMO sensing based on the first signal. Compared with the related art in which the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port need to be orthogonal, the requirements for the time-frequency resources used to transmit the first signal can be reduced, and the utilization rate and sensing range of the time-frequency resources used to transmit the first signal can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication system to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied;

[0027] Figure 2 It is one of the flowcharts of a MIMO sensing method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3a It is one of the schematic diagrams of the action mode of the first coding matrix in the embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3b It is the second schematic diagram of the action mode of the first coding matrix in the embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3c It is the third schematic diagram of the action mode of the first coding matrix in the embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4a It is one of the schematic diagrams of the sensing area in the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4b It is the second schematic diagram of the sensing area in the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 It is the second flowchart of a MIMO sensing method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 It is one of the schematic structural diagrams of a MIMO sensing device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 It is the second schematic structural diagram of a MIMO sensing device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 It is the schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 9 It is the schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 10 It is the schematic structural diagram of a network-side device provided by the embodiments of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope protected by the present application.

[0040] The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same category, and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or multiple. In addition, "or" in this application means at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three scenarios, namely, Scenario 1: including A and not including B; Scenario 2: including B and not including A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0041] The term "indication" in this application can be either a direct indication (or an explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or an implicit indication). Among them, a direct indication can be understood as that the sender clearly informs the receiver of specific information, operations to be performed, or request results, etc. in the sent indication; an indirect indication can be understood as that the receiver determines the corresponding information according to the indication sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operations to be performed or request results, etc. according to the judgment result.

[0042] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of this application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, and can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used not only in the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, but also in other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes the New Radio (NR) system for example purposes, and uses NR terms in most of the following descriptions, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than the NR system, such as the 6th generation (6 thGeneration, 6G) communication system.

[0043] Figure 1The block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied is shown. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. Among them, the terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR), a virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, a flight vehicle, a vehicle user equipment (VUE), a shipborne device, a pedestrian user equipment (PUE), a smart home (home appliances with wireless communication functions, such as refrigerators, TVs, washing machines or furniture, etc.), a game console, a personal computer (PC), a teller machine or a self-service machine, etc. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart earphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart ankle chains, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among them, the vehicle user equipment can also be referred to as a vehicle terminal, a vehicle controller, a vehicle module, a vehicle component, a vehicle chip or a vehicle unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The network-side device 12 can include an access network device or a core network device. Among them, the access network device can also be referred to as a radio access network (RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device can include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.Among them, the base station may be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), the next generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), access point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), home Node B (HNB), home evolved Node B, Transmission Reception Point (TRP), or some other suitable term in the art. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, only the base station in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0044] The core network device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: core network node, core network function, Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (L-NEF), Binding Support Function (BSF), Application Function (AF), etc. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, only the core network device in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, only the core network device in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited.

[0045] Wireless communication and radar sensing (Communication & Sensing, C&S) have been developing in parallel, but with limited intersection. They have many commonalities in signal processing algorithms, devices, and to some extent, system architectures. In recent years, traditional radars have been evolving towards more general wireless sensing. Wireless sensing can broadly refer to retrieving information from received radio signals. For wireless sensing related to the position of the sensed target, dynamic parameters such as the reflection delay, angle of arrival, angle of departure, and Doppler of the target signal can be estimated through common signal processing methods; for sensing the physical characteristics of the target, it can be achieved by measuring the inherent signal patterns of the device / object / activity. These two sensing methods can be respectively called sensing parameter estimation and pattern recognition. In this sense, wireless sensing refers to a more general sensing technology and application using radio signals.

[0046] Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) has the potential to integrate wireless sensing into large-scale mobile networks, referred to here as Perceptive Mobile Networks (PMNs). Perceptive Mobile Networks can provide both communication and wireless sensing services simultaneously, and due to their large broadband coverage and powerful infrastructure, are expected to become an omnipresent wireless sensing solution. Perceptive Mobile Networks can be widely applied to communication and sensing in the fields of transportation, communication, energy, precision agriculture, and security. It can also provide complementary sensing capabilities to existing sensor networks, with unique day-night operation functions and the ability to penetrate fog, leaves, and even solid objects. Some common sensing services are shown in Table 1 below:

[0047] Table 1

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] In MIMO sensing, signals are transmitted through multiple transmit antenna ports at the signal transmitting end, and signals are received through multiple receive antenna ports at the signal receiving end. By performing sensing measurements on the signals received at multiple receive antenna ports, sensing measurement quantities or sensing results can be obtained. During this process, the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) at the signal receiving end is related to the cross-correlation function (CCF) of the signals transmitted by each transmit antenna. On the one hand, in the presence of clutter or multiple sensing targets, the CCF will degrade the detection performance at the signal receiving end, resulting in false detections or missed detections. On the other hand, the CCF will also prevent the signal receiving end from effectively separating the signals of each transmit antenna, reducing the MIMO sensing angle measurement performance.

[0051] Based on this, in the related art, through signal design, the signals of each transmit antenna port in MIMO sensing are made orthogonal in the frequency domain, time domain, code domain, or Doppler domain, so that the receiving end can distinguish the signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port. For example, orthogonal methods such as time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), and code division multiplexing (CDM) are used to achieve signal orthogonality. For TDM and FDM, different transmit antenna ports are required to occupy different time-frequency resources, reducing the utilization rate of sensing signal resources and limiting the sensing range; while the sensing performance of CDM is easily limited by the correlation characteristics of orthogonal sequences and is also sensitive to Doppler. In addition, since most of the reflected signals (clutter) generated after the orthogonal signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port interact with the environment do not necessarily remain well orthogonal, therefore, the method of making the signals of each transmit antenna port orthogonal in the frequency domain, time domain, code domain, or Doppler domain by signal design in the related art has the defect of poor sensing performance in clutter environments or multi-target sensing application scenarios.

[0052] In the embodiments of the present application, a method of performing time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports is designed to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports, so that the receiving end can distinguish the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports according to the processing process corresponding to the precoding, and thus implement the MIMO sensing function based on the first signal.

[0053] It is worth noting that in the related art, when performing MIMO sensing by means of signal design, in addition to requiring the transmitted signal to have good autocorrelation, it is also required that the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port be orthogonal, that is, it is required to eliminate the cross-correlation between the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna. This brings difficulties to signal design because a large number of theoretical studies have shown that the suppression of the autocorrelation and cross-correlation of signals is often contradictory. For example, if a signal has good autocorrelation, then such a signal often has cross-correlation, and vice versa. In the embodiments of the present application, precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain is introduced to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports, so that the second node can distinguish the first signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port based on the first processing process corresponding to the precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain, thereby realizing the MIMO sensing function, being able to relax the signal requirements for MIMO sensing, only requiring the signal to have good autocorrelation, and the cross-correlation of the signal is suppressed by precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain.

[0054] The present application also proposes a method for implementing MIMO sensing by configuring precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain through first information in a mobile communication network, and proposes an interaction process and interaction content regarding the first information between a first node, a second node, and a first device.

[0055] To facilitate the description of the MIMO sensing method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the following nouns or terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are first explained:

[0056] 1) First signal. In a mobile communication network, a base station (including one or more Transmission Reception Points (TRPs) on the base station) and a User Equipment (UE) (including one or more antenna sub-arrays / panels on the UE) can serve as sensing nodes participating in integrated sensing / communication services. By sending and receiving sensing signals through the sensing nodes, it is possible to sense a certain area or an entity target. Among them, the sensing signal can be a signal that does not contain transmission information, such as existing LTE / NR synchronization and reference signals (including: Synchronization Signal and PBCH block (SSB) signal, Channel State Information (CSI) Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), Phase-Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), etc.). Of course, the sensing signal can also be a single-frequency continuous wave (CW), frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW), and ultra-wideband Gaussian pulse commonly used in radar. In addition, the sensing signal can also be a newly designed dedicated sensing signal with good correlation characteristics and low Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), or a newly designed integrated sensing / communication signal that not only carries certain information but also has good sensing performance. For example: the new signal is composed of at least one dedicated sensing signal / reference signal and at least one communication signal spliced / combined / superimposed in the time domain and / or frequency domain. Here, the type of the sensing signal is not specifically limited. For the convenience of description, in the following embodiments, the above signals are uniformly referred to as the first signal.

[0057] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, each transmit antenna port sends its own first signal. At this time, the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports can be the same or different. For example: the transmission sequences of the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports can be the same or different.

[0058] 2) First node, that is, the node that sends the above first signal.

[0059] 3) The second node, i.e., the node that receives the above first signal.

[0060] In some embodiments, the above first node may be a base station (including TRP) or a UE, and the second node may be a base station (including TRP) or a UE different from the first node. For the convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, it is usually exemplified that the first node is a base station and the second node is a UE, which does not constitute a specific limitation here.

[0061] 4) The first device. In some embodiments, at least one of the first node and the second node needs to interact with a core network device, and the core network device may include at least one of the following: a sensing function network element (Sensing Function, SF), an access and mobility management function (Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF), and a sensing application server in the core network. For the convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, the core network device that interacts with at least one of the first node and the second node is referred to as the first device.

[0062] 5) The first coding matrix is a matrix for the first node to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the signal vector transmitted by the transmit antenna port for MIMO sensing, and the first coding matrix can be uniquely indicated by the first coding matrix index.

[0063] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the first processing corresponding to the first coding matrix may include two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT processing. For example, when the second node receives the first signal, it can obtain the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on frequency-domain conjugate multiplication or frequency-domain division, and perform two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement quantity. In some embodiments, only some rows or some columns of the first coding matrix can be used to precode the first signal. At this time, the row index can be used to indicate which row or rows of the first coding matrix are used, or the column index can be used to indicate which column or columns of the first coding matrix are used.

[0064] 6) Precoding. The precoding in the embodiments of the present application includes phase precoding, or includes phase precoding and amplitude precoding.

[0065] In some embodiments, time-domain precoding means precoding the symbols of the first signal separately in the time domain to distinguish different symbols in the time domain. For example: Assume that the dimension of the precoding matrix is N, and the N symbols in the time domain are precoded using N array elements in the column vectors of the precoding matrix respectively.

[0066] In some embodiments, spatial domain precoding represents precoding the first signals transmitted from different transmit antenna ports to distinguish the first signals transmitted from different transmit antenna ports. For example, assume that the dimension of the precoding matrix is K, and the first signals transmitted from K transmit antenna ports are precoded using K array elements in the row vectors of the precoding matrix respectively.

[0067] In some embodiments, frequency domain precoding represents precoding different subcarriers or sets of subcarriers of the first signal to distinguish the first signals in the subcarriers or sets of subcarriers. For example, assume that the number of precoding matrices includes 2. The frequency domain resources of the first signal can be divided into 2 frequency domain resource blocks, and the first signals in the 2 frequency domain resource blocks are precoded using different precoding matrices respectively.

[0068] 7) Resource Block (RB), where the resource block is a time-frequency resource block composed of at least 1 Resource Element (RE).

[0069] 8) Autocorrelation. Generally, a signal has good autocorrelation, that is, the correlation between the signal and any time-delay delayed version of itself is very low.

[0070] 9) Cross-correlation, which is a measure used to reflect the similarity degree between two signals. If the similarity between two signals is higher, it is more difficult for the receiving end to separate these two signals.

[0071] Next, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, through some embodiments and their application scenarios, the MIMO perception method, MIMO perception device, and communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 2 , a MIMO perception method provided by an embodiment of the present application, whose execution subject can be a first node, which is not specifically limited herein.

[0073] As Figure 2 shown, a MIMO perception method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0074] Step 201, the first node obtains first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of the first signal.

[0075] Among them, the manner in which the first node obtains the first information can be to receive the first information from other nodes or devices, or to determine the first information based on other auxiliary information, such as the capability information of the second node, etc.

[0076] It is worth noting that when the first node determines the first information, the first node also sends the first information to the second node, so that the second node can receive and perform first processing on the first signal transmitted by at least two transmit antenna ports based on the first information, in order to obtain at least one of the sensed measurement value, the sensing result, and the sensing performance evaluation index.

[0077] In some embodiments, the above first processing includes 2D-FFT.

[0078] For example: The first node can carry the first information in the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) or the System Information Block (SIB) and send it to the second node by means of broadcast / multicast; it can also carry the first information in the Radio Resource Control (RRC) or the Downlink Control Information (DCI) and send it to the second node in a unicast manner; or a combination of both, using a broadcast message to indicate a part of the common information in the first information and using a unicast message to indicate another part of the user-specified information in the first information for the second node.

[0079] It is worth noting that when the first node receives the first information from the first device, the first device also sends the first information to the second node, so that the second node can learn the configuration information of the first signal accordingly, and thus can realize the reception and first processing of the first signal to obtain the sensed measurement value of MIMO sensing.

[0080] For example: After determining the first information, the first device (core network sensing function / sensing network element) can send it down to at least one of the first node and the second node through Non-Access Stratum (NAS) signaling (forwarded by the AMF); or the first device sends the first information to the AMF, and the AMF forwards it to at least one of the first node and the second node through the N2 interface; it can also be that the first device sends it to the UPF, and the UPF sends it to at least one of the first node and the second node through the N3 interface. Among them, when the first device sends the first information to one of the first node and the second node, the node that receives the first information can forward the first information to the other of the first node and the second node.

[0081] For the convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, usually the example of the first node determining and sending the first information to the second node is used for illustration, which does not constitute a specific limitation here.

[0082] Step 202: The first node performs time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signals transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports.

[0083] In some embodiments, each subcarrier of each transmit antenna port of the first node repeatedly transmits the first signal with the same symbol.

[0084] In some embodiments, the above time domain corresponds to symbols. At this time, precoding corresponding to each symbol at each time domain position can be performed. For example: One specific symbol is repeatedly transmitted on each subcarrier of each antenna. By precoding, the phase (including positive and negative signs) of the transmitted symbol is changed, or both the amplitude and phase are changed simultaneously.

[0085] In some embodiments, the above space domain corresponds to the transmit antenna ports. At this time, precoding corresponding to each transmit antenna port for the first signal transmitted by it can be performed.

[0086] In some embodiments, the above frequency domain corresponds to frequency domain resource blocks (such as subcarriers or sets of subcarriers). At this time, precoding corresponding to each first signal within each frequency domain resource block can be performed.

[0087] For example: The frequency domain resources (subcarriers or sets of subcarriers) of the first signal are segmented, and different precoding matrices are used for each segmented frequency domain resource. For the first signal within the same segmented frequency domain resource, the array elements in a row vector within a precoding matrix corresponding to this segmented frequency domain resource can be used to precode the symbols in the first signal transmitted by the same transmit antenna port in sequence; at this time, each transmit antenna port of the first node for transmitting the first signal corresponds to a column vector within this precoding matrix.

[0088] In some embodiments, the inner product of the subcarrier signals of the first signal is 0. At this time, the receiving end (the second node) of the first signal can, based on the first information, adopt a 2D-FFT processing method to obtain the time-delay power spectrum of the first signal, and thereby obtain at least one of the measured value of the sensing measurement quantity, the sensing result, and the measured value of the sensing performance evaluation index.

[0089] It should be noted that when the inner product of the subcarrier signals of the first signal is 0, the second node only needs to perform 2D-FFT processing on the first signal to separate the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port, without the need for additional decoding processing, thereby being able to reduce the process for the second node to obtain and separate the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port, and the second node does not need to obtain decoding-related information required for decoding processing, such as a decoding matrix.

[0090] In some embodiments, the principles of the above time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding can refer to MIMO radar based on OFDM systems in related technologies. Assume that the OFDM frame parameters are: the number of subcarriers N, the subcarrier spacing Δf, the number of symbols M, and the symbol length T = 1 / Δf. The number of transmit antennas is K, then the m-th transmitted symbol of the k-th antenna is:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, is the symbol modulated on the n-th subcarrier of the m-th transmitted symbol of the k-th antenna. Considering the cyclic prefix (CP) length T CP , the OFDM symbol length is T OFDM = T + T CP . Assume that the number of receive antennas is L. Considering a single target, the m-th symbol received by the l-th receive antenna is:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, τ (ξ,l) is the signal propagation delay from the ξ-th transmit antenna to the k-th receive antenna, f c is the signal carrier frequency, and f d is the target Doppler frequency (considering only one target). After the receiver removes the CP and performs a discrete Fourier transform (DFT), the received signal matrix is:

[0095]

[0096] After point division of the frequency-domain matrices of the transmitted and received signals, MIMO channel estimation can be obtained. If constant modulus modulation (such as QPSK) is used, point division is equivalent to conjugate multiplication, then the channel from the k-th transmit antenna to the l-th receive antenna is:

[0097]

[0098] This signal can be divided into two parts. Among them, the useful part (ξ = k) is:

[0099]

[0100] The crosstalk part (ξ ≠ k) is:

[0101]

[0102] Assume that for subcarrier n, the space-time coding matrix used is A n , and a total of M symbols are transmitted (M is an integer multiple of K), then the precoding matrix for subcarrier n can be expressed as:

[0103]

[0104] Assume that the Doppler Profile of the channel between the k-th transmitting antenna and the l-th receiving antenna is which can be split into a useful part (related to the target) and a crosstalk part Then the DFT result of equation (5) can be expressed as:

[0105]

[0106] where ν represents the abscissa variable of the Doppler spectrum, that is, the Doppler frequency or the index of the Doppler frequency (proportional to the Doppler frequency), At ν 0 = round[f d MT OFDM , a target peak is formed. The DFT result of equation (6) is:

[0107]

[0108] where That is, it is assumed that there is no inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) in the frequency domain before the time-domain DFT. Here respectively represent the symbols transmitted on the ξ-th antenna and the k-th antenna on the n-th subcarrier, and it is assumed that the same symbols are transmitted M times. Since M is an integer multiple of K, after performing the M-point DFT on the time domain, equation (9) will have peaks with a period of M / K at ν = ν 0 + κM / K, κ = 1,...,(K - 1). Observing the summation term on the rightmost side of equation (9), when ν = ν 0 , is the inner product of the ξ-th row and the k-th row of the precoding matrix A n . Therefore, if the precoding matrix satisfies that the inner product of any two row vectors is 0, then the value of equation (9) is 0, that is, the crosstalk between the first signals of each transmitting antenna port at the MIMO transmitting end is 0 at the target Doppler position ν = ν 0 = round[f d MT OFDM . At this time, the signals of each transmitting antenna port of the MIMO can be separated by the receiving end, realizing MIMO sensing.

[0109] In some embodiments, the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal, which may be that the first information is used for MIMO sensing configuration of a first node and a second node. For example, the first node and the second node can determine the time-frequency pattern of the configured first signal according to the first information, as well as how to precode the first signal and perform corresponding first processing.

[0110] It should be noted that the precoding and the first processing in the embodiments of the present application are corresponding. In some embodiments, the first node can perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports based on a first precoding matrix. In some embodiments, assuming that the rows of the first precoding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports, at this time, the first precoding matrix satisfies that the inner product of any two row vectors is 0, so that after precoding, the crosstalk of the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports at the target doppler position is 0. Then, the second node can obtain the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal by using the frequency-domain conjugate multiplication or frequency-domain division method, and perform two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (Two-Dimension Fast Fourier Transform, 2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to separate the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports, and further obtain the measurement value of the sensing measurement quantity for MIMO sensing.

[0111] In the embodiments of the present application, mainly taking the first precoding matrix satisfying that the inner product of any two row vectors is 0, the second node can obtain the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal by using the frequency-domain conjugate multiplication or frequency-domain division method, and perform two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (Two-Dimension Fast Fourier Transform, 2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to separate the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports, and obtain the measurement value of the sensing measurement quantity accordingly as an example for illustration, which does not constitute a specific limitation here.

[0112] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0113] The dimension of the first coding matrix, including the number of rows K of the first coding matrix row and / or the number of columns K col , when the rows of the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first node, satisfying K row ≥K, or, when the columns of the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first node, satisfying K col ≥K, where K is the number of transmit antenna ports of the first node.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first encoding matrix can be calculated based on the type and dimension of the first encoding matrix. For example, when the first encoding matrix is a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix, the dimension N of the DFT matrix can be indicated by the first information, where N≥K≥N t ; at this time, the first node can calculate and determine the DFT matrix according to the dimension N of the first encoding matrix.

[0115] In some embodiments, the first precoding matrix may include the precoding matrix A shown in the following equations (10) to (15) n :

[0116]

[0117]

[0118]

[0119]

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] In still other embodiments, the first precoding matrix may include the precoding matrix A shown in the following equation (16) m :

[0123]

[0124] 2) The type of the first encoding matrix;

[0125] In some embodiments, the type of the first encoding matrix includes at least any one of the following: Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix, Hadamard matrix, Space-Time Block Code (STBC) matrix, matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices, cascaded matrix;

[0126] Among them, the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least two unitary matrices, and the unitary matrices include at least one of the DFT matrix and the Hadamard matrix;

[0127] The cascaded matrix is a matrix obtained by column-wise merging based on at least two different precoding matrices. The precoding matrices used for the column-wise merging include at least one of a DFT matrix, a Hadamard matrix, an STBC matrix, and the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices.

[0128] In some embodiments, the DFT matrix is a unitary matrix. The DFT matrix can be used as the first coding matrix, and this DFT matrix satisfies the following equation:

[0129]

[0130] where ω = exp(j2π / N t ).

[0131] In some other embodiments, the dimension of the Hadamard matrix must be an integer multiple of 2 or 4. A Hadamard matrix with a dimension of 2×2 is For dimension 2 m ×2 m , the Hadamard matrix for m = 2, 3, 4,... can be iteratively generated by Sylvester’s construction method, that is When the actual number of transmit antennas N t is not an integer multiple of 4, the first node first determines m′ such that 4(m′ - 1) < N t < 4m′, thereby determining the Hadamard matrix H 4m′ , and then arbitrarily selects N t rows from this matrix, and the obtained submatrix is used as the first coding matrix A.

[0132] In some other embodiments, when both matrices X and Y are unitary matrices, the Kronecker product of X and Y is also a unitary matrix. The precoding matrix can be determined based on the DFT matrix, the Hadamard matrix, and other predefined unitary matrices.

[0133] In still some other embodiments, the precoding matrix A as shown in the above equation (13) can be used as the first coding matrix, and the elements in the precoding matrix A can take real or complex values. By changing the element values and the row and / or column order of the matrix, the obtained precoding matrices can be considered as subsets of the STBC matrix. For example, the precoding matrix A as shown in the above equations (14) and (15) and the precoding matrix A as shown in the above equation (16) m .

[0134] 3) The repetition times of the first coding matrix;

[0135] In some embodiments, when only one first coding matrix is used, L×K is satisfied col ≥M, where M is the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal, and L is the repetition times of the first coding matrix.

[0136] In some other embodiments, when N A first coding matrices are used and N A ≥2, the repetition times of each first coding matrix can be indicated to satisfy

[0137] 4) the minimum value M of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal;

[0138] 5) the initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0139] In some embodiments, when the type of the first coding matrix is a Hadamard matrix and the dimension N is an integer multiple of 2 or 4, the first coding matrix can be constructed based on the initial second-order Hadamard matrix H 2 At this time, the first information includes the type of the first coding matrix, the dimension of the first coding matrix, and the initial second-order Hadamard matrix H 2 or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix H 2 In this way, the first node can calculate and determine the Hadamard matrix to be used based on the above.

[0140] The following Table 2 gives an example of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix H 2 and its index:

[0141] Table 2

[0142]

[0143] Optionally, when the type of the first coding matrix is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least two unitary matrices, based on the principle that if matrices X and Y are both unitary matrices, then their Kronecker product is also a unitary matrix, a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least two unitary matrices can be used as the first coding matrix, where Indicates the calculation of the Kronecker product. In some embodiments, the first information may indicate at least two DFT matrices, Hadamard matrices, and other predefined unitary matrices, or indicate the indices of these unitary matrices, and the actually used precoding matrix is the Kronecker product of the at least two DFT matrices, Hadamard matrices, and other predefined unitary matrices.

[0144] For another example: When the type of the first coding matrix is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least 2 unitary matrices, the first information may further include at least one of the following: the types of the at least 2 unitary matrices, the dimensions of the at least 2 unitary matrices, the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix, or the index of the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix.

[0145] 6) The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0146] In some embodiments, the above first coding matrix may also be referred to as a precoding matrix, that is, the coding matrix used for the above time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding.

[0147] Taking the number of transmit antenna ports of the MIMO integrated sensing and communication system as 4 as an example, the precoding matrix used for transmitting symbols on the nth subcarrier of each transmit antenna port of the MIMO sensing / communication integrated signal transmitting device may include the precoding matrix A shown in the above equations (10) to (15). n Taking the precoding matrix A that satisfies equation (10) n as an example, the action mode of this A n in the time-frequency domain is as Figure 3a shown.

[0148] It should be noted that the A corresponding to equations (10) to (14) n all satisfy that the inner product of any two rows / columns is 0. Among them, equation (10) is a 4th-order DFT matrix, equation (11) is a submatrix extracted from a 7th-order DFT matrix by taking the 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th rows; equation (12) is a 4th-order Hadamard matrix; equations (13) to (14) belong to space-time block code (STBC) matrices, where each row / column of equation (13) has 1 zero element and also satisfies that the inner product of any two rows / columns is 0; similarly, each row / column of equation (14) has 2 zero elements, and each row vector of equation (15) has at most 3 zero elements, and also satisfies that the inner product of any two rows / columns is 0.

[0149] Among them, if a 2 = a 4 = 0 in equation (14), or a in equation (15)2 = 0, then A n becomes a diagonal matrix, which can be equivalent to the TDM orthogonal mode of MIMO sensing, that is, at one transmission moment, only one antenna is transmitting the first signal.

[0150] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, within one complete MIMO sensing signal transmission period, the transmitting end of the MIMO integrated communication and sensing system needs to transmit at least two identical signals, and each signal (each time resource set) is precoded by using one column of the precoding matrix A in turn.

[0151] In addition, the above examples are all precoding matrices of one precoding block. In the case where the first coding matrix includes at least two precoding blocks, the symbols within the precoding block are repeatedly transmitted times, M is the minimum value of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal, and K col is the number of symbols of the first signal within one coding block.

[0152] In this embodiment, one precoding block only corresponds to K col symbols in the time domain. If M is greater than K col , then this precoding block can be reused times to precode all the symbols of the first signal.

[0153] In some embodiments, the index of the first coding matrix is used to uniquely indicate the first coding matrix.

[0154] For example: The association relationship between the precoding matrix and its index is shown in Table 3 below:

[0155] Table 3

[0156]

[0157] In the example shown in Table 3 above, the coding matrix indices 0, 1, and 2 have a one-to-one mapping relationship with the MIMO precoding matrices configured for the number of transmit antenna ports 2, 4, and 7 respectively. This mapping relationship is pre-agreed between the transmitting device and the receiving device. During actual configuration, the transmitting device (i.e., the first node) only needs to send the matrix index i to the receiving device (i.e., the second node); when it is necessary to separately indicate a certain row of a certain coding matrix, the transmitting device (i.e., the first node) only needs to send the matrix index i and the matrix row index k to the receiving device (i.e., the second node); it should be noted that when the actual number N t of transmit antennas used to transmit the first signal is less than the number of rows of the configured precoding matrix, the transmitting device can select N tRow, and the obtained sub - matrix is used as the precoding matrix. The corresponding indication can be achieved by sending the matrix index i and the matrix row index k. Similarly, when it is necessary to separately indicate a certain column of a coding matrix, the transmitting device (i.e., the first node) only needs to send the matrix index i and the matrix column index l to the receiving device (i.e., the second node).

[0158] 7) At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0159] 8) At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0160] In some embodiments, the first information can directly indicate the content of the first coding matrix, or the first information can indicate the content of the sub - matrix obtained by extracting at least one row and / or at least one column of the first coding matrix. For example, assume that the dimension of the first coding matrix is N. When N is greater than K, K rows or K columns can be extracted from the first coding matrix so that the rows or columns of the obtained sub - matrix correspond one - to - one with K transmit antenna ports.

[0161] 9) The first association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the transmit antenna port index of the first node;

[0162] In some embodiments, a precoding vector index (dimension N t ×1) or a precoding matrix (dimension N t ×K) index corresponds to 1 group of transmit antenna ports using precoding:

[0163] (1) The mapping relationship between the vector element order or the row order of the matrix and the antenna port number needs to be indicated;

[0164] (2) There is a situation where the number of transmit antenna ports for MIMO sensing > the length of the precoding vector / the number of rows of the precoding matrix. In this case, the mapping relationship also needs to be indicated (i.e., indicating which antenna ports among the transmit antenna ports for MIMO sensing use precoding); for other transmit antenna ports that do not use precoding, signals are sent through TDM / FDM / CDM / DDM, etc.

[0165] In some embodiments, different transmit antenna ports can correspond to different rows in the first coding matrix. Based on the above - mentioned first association relationship, it can be determined which row vector elements in the first coding matrix are used for precoding the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port of the first node.

[0166] In some other embodiments, different transmit antenna ports may correspond to different columns in the first coding matrix. For ease of description, in the embodiments of the present application, it is taken as an example that different transmit antenna ports may correspond to different columns in the first coding matrix, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to time domain resources. This is only for illustration and does not constitute a specific limitation.

[0167] 10) The second association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time domain resource or the resource set index of the first node transmitting the first signal;

[0168] In some embodiments, if the first information indicates the first coding matrix index or directly indicates the first coding matrix, the column numbers of the first coding matrix correspond one-to-one with the transmission timings. However, there may be a situation where the total time length of actually transmitting the coded sensing signal is less than the maximum time length that the receiving end can accumulate signals. In this case, other time slots can be used to transmit data signals (the sensing signals can even be non-uniform). At this time, it is necessary to indicate the transmission time slots of the column vectors of the first coding matrix.

[0169] In some embodiments, different time domain resources or resource sets may correspond to columns in the first coding matrix. Based on the above second association relationship, it can be determined which column vector elements in the first coding matrix are used for precoding the first signal transmitted on each time domain resource or resource set.

[0170] For example: Table 4 below gives an example of the mapping relationship between the index of the precoding matrix column and the time resource / resource set index:

[0171] Table 4

[0172] Matrix column index l 0 1 2 3 ... Time resource index s 1 3 2 4 ...

[0173] As shown in Table 4 above, an example of the mapping relationship between the precoding matrix column index and the first signal time resource / resource set index (including the start time slot index, start symbol index, start frame index) is given.

[0174] For example: If a square precoding matrix in the form of the following equations (10), (12), (13), and (14) is used, within one transmission period (i.e., the time to complete K symbol transmissions), the mapping relationship between each column vector of a precoding matrix and the time resource index is not unique. In other words, the order of using each column vector in the precoding matrix to encode the first signals at different timings can be non-unique.

[0175] Therefore, while indicating the precoding matrix index i (and the precoding matrix column index l), the mapping relationship between the precoding matrix column index l and the first signal time resource / resource set index s can also be indicated. Figure 3cShows an example of the operation mode of precoding. In this example, the configuration information (i.e., the above-mentioned first information) sent by the first node to the second node includes a precoding matrix index i = 1 (taking the definition of the precoding matrix index in Table 3 above as an example). In addition, the first node also needs to send the mapping relationship between the precoding matrix column index l and the time resource / resource set index s shown in Table 4 to the second node. If following the mapping example in Table 4, and assuming that transmit antenna port 2 is mapped to precoding matrix row index k = 1, and the first signal time resource set indices s = 0, 1, 2, 3 of transmit antenna port 2 correspond to the comb-shaped time-frequency resources on slot n symbol 3, slot n symbol 10, slot n + 1 symbol 3, and slot n + 1 symbol 10 respectively.

[0176] 11) The third association information, used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency domain resource or resource set index on which the first node transmits the first signal;

[0177] Based on the above-mentioned third association relationship, it can be determined which array elements in which first coding matrix are used for precoding the first signal transmitted on each frequency domain resource or resource set.

[0178] Optionally, the time-frequency resource of the first signal includes at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0179] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix.

[0180] In this embodiment, the time-frequency resource of the first signal is divided. The first signal within the same RE or time-frequency RB uses the same set of first coding matrices, and the first signals in different REs or time-frequency RBs can use different first coding matrices.

[0181] For example: If the first signal occupies a certain bandwidth, the first signal can be block-divided in the frequency domain. The first signals of different transmit antenna ports with the same frequency resource within each frequency domain RB use the same set of precoding matrices. The first signals of the frequency resources in different frequency domain RBs can use different precoding matrices.

[0182] For another example: As Figure 3b shown, different block frequency resources (subcarriers or subcarrier sets) use different precoding matrices. Assume that different subcarriers use 2 different precoding matrices of the precoding matrix type corresponding to equation (13). That is, subcarriers 7, 9, 11 use precoding matrix A of equation (13) n , subcarriers 1, 3, 5 use precoding matrix A of equation (16) m , where A mIt can be another precoding matrix predefined and different from A n different precoding matrix.

[0183] 12) The fourth association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector and the physical transmit antenna or the physical transmit antenna set index of the first node;

[0184] In some embodiments, different physical transmit antennas or physical transmit antenna sets may correspond to rows in the first coding matrix. Based on the above fourth association relationship, it can be determined which row vector or row vectors in the first coding matrix are used by the vector elements of each physical transmit antenna or physical transmit antenna set of the first node to precode the first signal transmitted.

[0185] It should be noted that the differences between MIMO sensing and communication include: the sensing result calculation end needs to know the position information of the physical antenna elements actually transmitting the first signal. Through the above fourth association relationship, the second node can know which transmit antennas the N tx paths of data after reception and the first processing specifically come from;

[0186] For example: The following Table 5 gives an example of the mapping relationship between the index of the precoding matrix row and the physical antenna / antenna set port index:

[0187] Table 5

[0188] Matrix row index k 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 ... Physical antenna index p 3000 3001 3002 3003 3004 3005 3006 ...

[0189] As shown in Table 5 above, an example of the mapping relationship between the precoding matrix row index and the physical antenna port index is given. Assume that the necessary information of the physical antenna array of the transmitting device (at least including: the relationship between the physical antenna index and the position of the specific physical antenna in the physical antenna array, the physical antenna spacing, the physical antenna formation, etc.) is commonly known between the MIMO transmitting device and the receiving device (the first node and the second node). Then, the content of at least one row of the precoding matrix can be mapped to the physical antenna of the transmitting device through the mapping method in Table 5. This mapping relationship can be flexibly configurable. When configuring, the first node sends the physical antenna index p corresponding to the coding matrix row index k to the second node.

[0190] Of course, the physical antenna index may be bound to the logical antenna port index, and then form a mapping relationship with the coding matrix row vector or row vector index. In this way, even if each transmit antenna port sends exactly the same signal (time-frequency overlapping and sequences are the same), the second node can complete MIMO sensing.

[0191] 13) The fifth association relationship is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector, and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to send the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0192] In some embodiments, the first sequence may be at least one of the following sequences: m-sequence, Gold sequence, ZC (Zadoff-Chu) sequence, Chirp sequence, Zero Correlation Zone (ZCZ) sequence, and other commonly used pseudo-random sequences, etc., which are not specifically limited herein. Optionally, the first sequence parameter information includes at least one of the following: shift register initial value, primitive polynomial, sequence truncation position, sequence root number, cyclic shift value, Chirp sequence bandwidth-time ratio, ZCZ sequence zero correlation region length, sequence length.

[0193] In some embodiments, the first sequence may also be a sequence with elements being any fixed value, such as an all-ones sequence. Optionally, the first sequence parameter information includes at least one of the following: sequence element amplitude, sequence element phase, sequence length.

[0194] In some embodiments, the first sequences used by different transmit antenna ports, different physical transmit antennas, or different physical transmit antenna sets of the first node may be different.

[0195] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the first sequence may have a binding relationship with the physical antenna. Based on the fifth association relationship, the mapping between the precoding matrix row vector or row vector index and the physical antenna can be realized. At this time, the first sequences of the signals of each transmit antenna are different (but it does not mean that they have good orthogonality (low cross-correlation), and the time-frequency resources are overlapping. Separation still needs to be achieved through precoding).

[0196] 14) The first sequence information, which is the parameter information for determining the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0197] 15) The first configuration information, which is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0198] 16) The first indication information, which is used to indicate the type of the first processing adopted for obtaining the sensing measurement based on the first signal;

[0199] Among them, the first coding matrix is used to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports.

[0200] It should be noted that items 1) to 13) in the above first information are the content of the precoding configuration information. In other words, in addition to the precoding configuration information, the first information may further include at least one of the first sequence information, the first configuration information, and the first indication information.

[0201] In some embodiments, the first configuration information is used to configure parameters related to sensing of the first signal, such as waveform, transmit power, time-frequency resources, etc.

[0202] Optionally, the first configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0203] a) Waveform type, such as OFDM, single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA), orthogonal time frequency and space (OTFS), FMCW, pulse signal, etc.;

[0204] b) Subcarrier spacing, for example, the subcarrier spacing of an OFDM system is 30 kHz;

[0205] c) Guard interval: The time interval between the end of the signal transmission time and the time when the latest echo signal of the signal is received; this parameter is proportional to the maximum sensing distance; for example, it can be calculated by 2d max / c, where d max is the maximum sensing distance (belonging to the sensing requirement). For example, for a self-transmitting and self-receiving sensing signal / reference signal, d max represents the maximum distance from the signal transceiver point to the signal transmitting point; in some cases, the cyclic prefix CP of an OFDM signal can serve as the minimum guard interval;

[0206] d) Bandwidth, this parameter is inversely proportional to the range resolution and can be obtained by c / (2Δd), where Δd is the range resolution (belonging to the sensing requirement); c is the speed of light;

[0207] e) Data burst duration: This parameter is inversely proportional to the rate resolution (belonging to the sensing requirement). This parameter is the time span of the signal, mainly for calculating the Doppler frequency shift; this parameter can be calculated by c / (2f c Δv); where Δv is the velocity resolution; f c is the carrier frequency of the signal;

[0208] f) Time domain interval: This parameter can be calculated by c / (2f c v range ); where v range is the maximum rate minus the minimum speed (which belongs to the sensing requirement); this parameter is the time interval between two adjacent signals;

[0209] g) Transmission signal power, for example, taking values every 2 dBm from -20 dBm to 23 dBm;

[0210] h) Signal format, such as the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), etc., or other predefined signals, as well as information such as related sequence formats;

[0211] i) Signal direction; for example, the direction of the sensing signal / reference signal or beam information;

[0212] j) Time resources, such as the time slot index or symbol index of the time slot where the sensing signal / reference signal is located; among them, time resources are divided into two types. One is one-time time resources, such as sending an omnidirectional signal in one symbol. The other is non-one-time time resources, such as multiple groups of periodic time resources or discontinuous time resources (which can include start time and end time). Each group of periodic time resources sends signals in the same direction, and the beam directions on different groups of periodic time resources are different;

[0213] k) Frequency resources, including the center frequency point, bandwidth, RB or subcarrier, reference point (such as the frequency resources of reference node A (Point A)), start bandwidth position, etc.;

[0214] l) Quasi co-location (QCL) relationship. For example, the signal includes multiple resources, and each resource is QCL with a Synchronization Signal and PBCH block (or Synchronization Signal Block) (SSB). QCL includes Type A, Type B, Type C, or Type D;

[0215] m) Antenna configuration information of at least one of the first node and the second node. The antenna configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0216] i) Antenna element ID or antenna port ID for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal;

[0217] ii) Antenna panel ID + element ID for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal;

[0218] iii) Position information of the antenna element for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal relative to a local reference point on the antenna array (which can be represented by Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) or spherical coordinates representation);

[0219] iv) Position information of the panel for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal relative to a local reference point on the antenna array (which can be represented by Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) or spherical coordinates representation), and position information of the antenna elements for transmitting the first signal within these selected panels relative to a unified reference point of the panel (such as the center point of the panel) (which can be represented by Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) or spherical coordinates representation);

[0220] v) Bitmap information of the antenna elements, for example: the bitmap uses "1" to indicate that the element is selected for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal, and uses "0" to indicate that the element is not selected (it can also be the other way around);

[0221] vi) Bitmap information of the array antenna panel, for example: the bitmap uses "1" to indicate that the panel is selected for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal, and uses "0" to indicate that the element is not selected (it can also be the other way around). And bitmap information of the elements within these selected panels;

[0222] vii) Amplitude-phase gain information of the antenna elements, that is, antenna element pattern information.

[0223] In some embodiments, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0224] The first type, the first type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement;

[0225] The second type, the second type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement.

[0226] In this embodiment, the first indication information is used to indicate which type of first processing the second node adopts to separate the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports, which can improve the reliability of the second node in separating the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports.

[0227] In some embodiments, the same first subcarrier of the same transmit antenna port carries the same symbol at different times, and the first subcarrier is a subcarrier used to transmit the first signal.

[0228] For example: As Figure 3a The precoding scheme shown is applicable to the application scenario where each transmit antenna port repeats the transmission of the same symbol on the same subcarrier during the transmission of the first signal.

[0229] Optionally, the second subcarrier and the third subcarrier can carry different symbols at the same time, where the second subcarrier and the third subcarrier are subcarriers of different transmit antenna ports of the first signal respectively.

[0230] In some embodiments, the inner product of any two rows in the first coding matrix is 0, or the inner product of any two columns in the first coding matrix is 0.

[0231] Wherein, when the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the time-domain symbols, the inner product of any two rows in the first coding matrix is 0. In this way, the receiving end of the first signal (i.e., the second node) can obtain the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain division or frequency-domain conjugate multiplication method, and perform 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to eliminate the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports, thereby improving the MIMO sensing performance.

[0232] Certainly, wherein, when the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the time-domain symbols, the inner product of any two columns in the first coding matrix is 0. In this way, the receiving end of the first signal (i.e., the second node) can obtain the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain division or frequency-domain conjugate multiplication method, and perform 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to eliminate the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports, thereby improving the MIMO sensing performance.

[0233] In some embodiments, the first coding matrix satisfies any one of the following:

[0234] Each row includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each row is greater than or equal to 2;

[0235] Each column includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each column is greater than or equal to 2.

[0236] Wherein, when each row includes at least one zero element and the number of non-zero elements in each row is greater than or equal to 2, as shown in the above equations (13) and (14), at this time, the first coding matrix satisfies that the inner product of any two rows is 0. Similarly, when each column includes at least one zero element and the number of non-zero elements in each column is greater than or equal to 2, the first coding matrix satisfies that the inner product of any two columns is 0.

[0237] In some embodiments, within one transmission period, the same first signal is transmitted at least twice, and the first signals with different transmission times are precoded using different rows or different columns in the first coding matrix.

[0238] For example: Assume that the first coding matrix is the precoding matrix shown in equation (10), as Figure 3a shown, within one transmission period, the same first signal is transmitted at least twice, the first signals transmitted from different transmit antenna ports are precoded using different rows in the first coding matrix, and the first signals with different transmission times are precoded using different columns in the first coding matrix.

[0239] In some embodiments, the total power of the first signals transmitted on the subcarriers of the same transmit antenna is the same.

[0240] In this embodiment, by making the total power of the first signals transmitted on the subcarriers of the same transmit antenna the same, the maximum perceived SNR can be obtained, thereby improving the sensing performance.

[0241] For example: Assume that the transmission sequence (the first sequence) of antenna k is where N is the number of subcarriers (sequence length), for any n 1 , n 2 ∈1, 2,..., N, n 1 ≠n 2 , there is:

[0242]

[0243] If the adopted sequence is a constant modulus sequence (such as a ZC sequence), obviously the above equations (10)-(13) all meet the requirement of maximizing the perceived SNR. For equation (14), it is further required to satisfy

[0244] In some embodiments, the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions; or,

[0245] the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions.

[0246] For ease of description, in the embodiments of the present application, an example is given where the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions, which does not constitute a specific limitation here.

[0247] As an alternative embodiment, the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the case where the number of first nodes is greater than 1. In this case, if MIMO sensing / communication integration is performed between each transceiver node pair (i.e., a node pair composed of a transmitting node and a receiving node), the transmit antenna ports of different transceiver node pairs transmit orthogonal first signals. For example, signal orthogonality can be achieved through TDM, FDM, CDM, or a signal sequence with relatively low cross-correlation (such as a ZCZ sequence) can be used, or the precoding method described in the present application can be used to suppress the cross-correlation of the first signals between different transceiver node pairs; and for the elimination of signal mutual interference between each first node, since the time-frequency resources of their transmitted signals may also be the same, precoding can also be used to eliminate the signal mutual interference between different first nodes at this time. Specifically, the first device indicates to multiple first nodes an S precoding matrix row vector or row vector index, and the mapping relationship between the row vector or row vector index and the transmit antenna port index of the first node. In other words, at this time, multiple first nodes perform precoding using different row vectors of the same precoding matrix, and the same precoding is used for different transmit antenna ports of each first node, that is, the mapping relationship associates the row vector index with all the transmit antenna port indexes on the same first node.

[0248] As an alternative embodiment, the first node obtaining the first information includes:

[0249] The first node obtains at least one of second information and third information; wherein, the second information indicates information related to the sensing ability of a second node for receiving the first signal; the third information indicates information related to a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing;

[0250] The first node determines the first information according to at least one of the second information and the third information.

[0251] In some embodiments, the capability information of the second node can determine information such as the resolution of the second node for the first signal in at least one of the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain. The first node needs to know this information to perform a reasonable MIMO sensing configuration in the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain.

[0252] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0253] 1) Second indication information, which is used to indicate at least one of the following detection capabilities of the second node: the noise floor level (NFL) in the time delay domain, the NFL in the Doppler domain, the detection dynamic range in the time delay domain, and the detection dynamic range in the Doppler domain;

[0254] 2) First resource information, which indicates at least one of the following resources available to the second node for the first service: bandwidth resource, time resource, and antenna resource; the first service is the service corresponding to MIMO sensing.

[0255] Optionally, the bandwidth resource may include the number of physical resource blocks (PRBs), the number of subcarriers, the number of resource elements (REs) in the frequency domain, and the number of bandwidth parts (BWPs).

[0256] Optionally, the time resource may include: the number of OFDM frames, the number of OFDM time slots, the number of OFDM symbols, and the number of time domain resource units.

[0257] Optionally, the antenna resource may include: the number of antenna ports (including the number of antenna ports in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the total number of antenna ports), the number of physical antennas (including the number of physical antennas in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the total number of physical antennas), and the antenna port index (including the physical antenna index).

[0258] 3) Hardware information of the second node, which includes at least one of antenna port information and physical antenna information;

[0259] Optionally, the antenna port information may include: the position coordinates of the equivalent phase center of the antenna port relative to a certain predetermined reference point on the antenna array, the antenna port formation, and the number of physical antennas of the subarray to which the antenna port is connected.

[0260] Optionally, the physical antenna information may include: the position coordinates of the physical antenna relative to a predetermined reference point on the antenna array, the physical antenna array pattern, and the sub-array pattern to which the antenna port is connected. Among them, the array pattern includes: linear array, planar array, circular array, cylindrical array, L-shaped array, non-uniform array, etc.

[0261] In some embodiments, the third information includes at least one of the following:

[0262] 1) The Quality of Service (QoS) information of the first service;

[0263] Optionally, the perceived QoS may include at least one of the following: the priority of the first service (such as the integrated sensing / communication service), the requirement for the perceived resolution, the requirement for the perceived accuracy or the perceived error + the requirement for the perceived confidence level, the perceived delay budget, the requirement for the maximum perceived range, the requirement for the continuous sensing ability, the requirement for the perceived update frequency, and the available probability of the sensing service.

[0264] For example, the characteristic parameters of the perceived QoS are defined as shown in Table 6 below:

[0265] Table 6

[0266]

[0267]

[0268]

[0269] 2) The first prior information, which includes the prior information related to the first service;

[0270] The first prior information can also be referred to as the sensing prior information. Optionally, the first prior information includes at least one of the following:

[0271] At least one of the number, size, area, and Radar Cross Section (RCS) of the sensing target;

[0272] The estimated position coordinates of the sensing target provided by the demand side of the first service or the sensing network element, or the estimated position range of the sensing target, or the estimated magnitude range of the movement speed of the sensing target, or the estimated movement speed direction of the sensing target;

[0273] The pre-stored map information or obstacle information of the sensing area by the network;

[0274] The initial position probability map of the sensing target in the pre-stored sensing area by the network;

[0275] Status information of a sensing node, where the status information includes at least one of position coordinates, antenna array orientation, and moving speed (including speed magnitude and speed direction). Here, the sensing node may include a first node or a second node, or a base station or a UE participating in a first service;

[0276] New Radio (NR) positioning result of a sensing target, where the sensing target may be a UE;

[0277] First sensing result of a dedicated sensing node or sensor, where the first sensing result includes at least one of the following: speed, distance, material, shape, 2D image, 3D image, position coordinates, motion trajectory, and micro-Doppler information of a sensing target;

[0278] Channel information between a transmitter and a receiver of the first signal, where the channel information includes at least one of the following: maximum channel delay, root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, maximum Doppler shift, and root mean square Doppler spread.

[0279] 3) Measured values of historical sensing measurement quantities of the first service;

[0280] The sensing measurement quantities include at least one of the following:

[0281] a) First-level measurement quantities (received signal / raw channel information), including: complex results of received signal / channel response, amplitude / phase, in-phase (I) / quadrature (Q) channels and their operation results (operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, matrix addition, subtraction, multiplication, matrix transpose, trigonometric relation operations, square root operations, and power operations, etc., as well as threshold detection results and maximum / minimum value extraction results of the above operation results; operations also include Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) / Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) / Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT), 2D-FFT, 3D-FFT, matched filtering, autocorrelation operation, wavelet transform, and digital filtering, etc., as well as threshold detection results and maximum / minimum value extraction results of the above operation results);

[0282] b) Second-level measurement quantities (basic measurement quantities), including: delay, Doppler, angle, intensity, and their multi-dimensional combined representations;

[0283] c) Third-level measurement quantities (basic attributes / status), including: distance, speed, orientation, spatial position, and acceleration;

[0284] d) Fourth-level measured quantities (advanced attributes / status), including: whether the target exists, trajectory, action, expression, vital signs, quantity, imaging result, weather, air quality, shape, material, composition.

[0285] The perceived measurement result may be a measurement result obtained by further operations (including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, or according to a certain predetermined function) on the measured values of the above-mentioned perceived measurement quantities. The perceived measurement result may also be the measured values of at least one of the above-mentioned perceived measurement quantities.

[0286] 4) The historical perceived results of the first service;

[0287] Optionally, the historical perceived results of the first service may include the perceived results of the same perceived target or perceived area within a historical time period.

[0288] 5) The historical perceived performance evaluation indicators of the first service;

[0289] Optionally, the perceived performance evaluation indicators can be calculated based on the perceived measurement quantities and include at least one of the following:

[0290] a) Perceived SNR, that is, the ratio of the energy of the perceived signal reflected by the perceived object or perceived area to the energy of the noise signal in the environment and the device;

[0291] b) Perceived signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), that is, the ratio of the energy of the perceived signal reflected by the perceived object or perceived area to the sum of the energies of the interference signal and the noise signal in the environment and the device;

[0292] c) The statistical mean, standard deviation, or variance of the measured results of the same perceived measurement quantity measured multiple times;

[0293] d) The deviation between the predicted value and the actual measured value of the perceived measurement quantity or perceived result, and the statistical mean, standard deviation, or variance of the deviation;

[0294] e) Ambiguity Function related evaluation indicators, including the Normalized Sidelobe Level (NSL), that is, the height of the highest sidelobe of the normalized ambiguity function; or the ratio of the main lobe to the highest sidelobe of the ambiguity function (it can also be the ratio of the highest sidelobe to the main lobe); in addition, it can also include the number of normalized ambiguity function sidelobes with peak higher than a given threshold, total power or total energy, and the main lobe width (3dB width) of the ambiguity function, etc.;

[0295] f) The Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is the lowest variance that all unbiased estimators can achieve. Mathematically, it is equal to the reciprocal of the Fisher information, and this evaluation metric is related to the perceived SNR.

[0296] h) The Capacity-Distortion Tradeoff quantitatively gives the maximum achievable rate of reliable transmission in the integrated communication and sensing system under a given distortion constraint.

[0297] i) The Equivalent-MSE converts the spectral efficiency of communication into an equivalent radar mean squared error and is obtained by comprehensively calculating in combination with the perceived Cramér-Rao lower bound.

[0298] j) The Estimation-Communication Rate takes the sensing channel as a non-cooperative communication channel, and the mutual information between the sensing system and the target is the estimation rate.

[0299] k) The Welch Bound

[0300] l) Perceived reproducibility evaluation metrics (such as the sum of the Euclidean distances between two consecutive sequence samples, or the warping path distance in Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), or other metrics that can reflect the similarity between two sequences, including but not limited to: Longest Common Subsequence (LCSS), Edit Distance on Real Sequences (EDR), Edit Distance with Real Penalty (ERP), Hausdorff Distance, Fréchet Distance, One Way Distance (OWD), Locality In-between Polylines (LIP), etc.).

[0301] m) The calculation results obtained by performing any at least one operation of addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division on any at least two of the above metrics such as the perceived SNR, perceived SINR, and CRLB of the Cramér-Rao lower bound.

[0302] It is worth noting that based on the measured values of the above perceived performance evaluation metrics, the quality of the perceived performance can be reflected.

[0303] 6) The communication QoS information related to the first signal;

[0304] 7) Second configuration information, which is used to configure the communication parameters of the first signal;

[0305] Among them, the second configuration information can be called communication parameter configuration information.

[0306] In some embodiments, the first signal may be a communication signal carrying communication information. At this time, the first signal also needs to meet the second configuration information or communication QoS information. Determining the first information according to the communication parameter configuration information or communication QoS information of the first signal can make the first signal compatible with MIMO sensing configuration and communication configuration.

[0307] 8) Fifth information, which includes at least one of the following:

[0308] a) A first identifier, which is used to identify the sensing area;

[0309] The sensing area is the target area to be sensed, which can be pre-divided and includes:

[0310] i) Multiple base station coverage areas (cells) form a sensing area, which is associated with a sensing area identifier n areaID , such as Figure 4a shown, each hexagonal area represents a base station coverage area, and the same filled area represents the same sensing area. In particular, the RAN-based notification area (RNA) can be used as a sensing area, and the RNA ID can be used as the first identifier.

[0311] ii) A single base station coverage area (cell) contains multiple sensing areas, which are associated with multiple second identifiers. For example, with the base station as the origin, its coverage range is rasterized into multiple sensing areas, and each sensing area is associated with an area ID (second identifier) denoted as n areaID , such as Figure 4b shown, the dotted line represents the base station coverage area, and each square represents the divided sensing area.

[0312] iii) It can also be directly using a geographical area identifier such as longitude and latitude or coordinate position that has nothing to do with the base station position to generate the area ID n areaID . Among them, n areaID is the first identifier.

[0313] iv) It can also be that different angular ranges relative to the base station are associated with different area IDs n areaID , for example, the azimuth angle x1° to x2°, the elevation angle y1° to y2° correspond to the sensing area ID1. Among them, nareaID This is the first identifier.

[0314] It is worth noting that when multiple first nodes in the same sensing area perform joint sensing, the multiple first nodes use a common area ID to generate sensing signals. Optionally, the generation parameters of the sensing signal are independent of the cell identifier or the UE identifier, that is, different first nodes can use the same sensing signal generation parameters, which is convenient for further constructing code-division orthogonal sensing signals (for example: first generate a first sensing signal based on the same generation parameters, and different first nodes use the same first sensing signal and different orthogonal cover code (OCC) sequences to generate mutually orthogonal second sensing signals for sensing measurement). The second node can obtain the sensing signal based on the same sensing signal generation parameters and the code-division orthogonal method and perform measurement, reducing the interference between signals of different devices and being able to reduce the signaling overhead and improve the measurement efficiency.

[0315] b) The second identifier, which is used to identify the first service, or the type of the first service, or whether it is used for sensing, or the sensing measurement quantity;

[0316] The second identifier is generated based on the second identifier indicating whether it is used for sensing, or a specific sensing service identifier, or a sensing service type identifier, or a sensing measurement quantity identifier, including:

[0317] i) Generate the second identifier based on the identifier indicating whether it is used for sensing. For example, assume the second identifier is n sensingID , when not used for sensing, n sensingID = 0; when used for sensing, n sensingID = 1.

[0318] ii) Determine the second identifier based on a specific sensing service identifier. For example, different sensing services correspond to different sensing service IDs n sensingID , for example: the sensing service can indicate the following content:

[0319] Detect whether the detection target exists, positioning, speed detection, distance detection, angle detection, acceleration detection, material analysis, component analysis, shape detection, category classification, radar cross section (RCS) detection, polarization scattering characteristic detection, fall detection, intrusion detection, quantity statistics, indoor positioning, gesture recognition, lip reading recognition, gait recognition, expression recognition, face recognition, breathing monitoring, heart rate monitoring, pulse monitoring, humidity / brightness / temperature / atmospheric pressure monitoring, air quality monitoring, weather condition monitoring, environment reconstruction, terrain and landform, building / vegetation distribution detection, pedestrian or vehicle flow detection, crowd density, vehicle density detection, etc.

[0320] iii) The second identifier can also be an identifier for the sensing service type, with different categories corresponding to different sensing service IDs. sensingID , for example: the sensing functions or service types are classified into the following sensing service types according to the scope and scale:

[0321] The first category (short distance / small range): material analysis, component analysis, gesture recognition, lip reading recognition, gait recognition, expression recognition, face recognition, respiration monitoring, heart rate monitoring, pulse monitoring, etc.;

[0322] The second category (medium distance / medium range): intrusion detection, quantity statistics, indoor positioning, etc.;

[0323] The third category (long distance / large range): humidity / brightness / temperature / atmospheric pressure monitoring, air quality monitoring, weather condition monitoring, environment reconstruction, terrain and landform, building / vegetation distribution detection, pedestrian or vehicle flow detection, etc.

[0324] In some other embodiments, other classification criteria can also be used, such as classifying the sensing service types according to functions into positioning-based sensing, imaging-based sensing, pattern recognition-based sensing, etc., or, the sensing service types can also be classified according to power consumption / energy consumption, or, according to resource occupancy, etc.

[0325] c) The third identifier, which is used to identify the sensing target, such as a sensing target identifier or a tag identifier associated with the sensing target;

[0326] Optionally, the third identifier can include at least one of the following:

[0327] i) The identifier of the sensing target obtained by the signal sending device, with different sensing targets corresponding to different sensing target IDs. targetID , where the determination of the sensing target can be based on prior information obtained from existing measurement results. For example, base station A sends a sensing measurement signal through an omnidirectional beam for preliminary measurement, and base station A obtains a range-Doppler map (or a range-angle map, etc.), determines the number of targets according to the range-Doppler map, and assigns an ID to each target; or, base station A sends a sensing measurement signal through an omnidirectional beam for preliminary measurement, and the receiving device (such as another base station or terminal) obtains a range-Doppler map (or a range-angle map, etc.), determines the number of targets according to the range-Doppler map, and assigns an ID to each target, and then notifies the target ID and / or target-related information to the sending base station. After the signal sending device determines the ID of each target, it generates sensing signals for sensing different targets according to different target IDs, and these sensing signals are sent using different beams, and the beam directions point to the sensing targets associated with the target IDs;

[0328] ii) The sensing target is equipped with a Tag, and different Tags are associated with different Tag IDs. The sending device obtains the Tag ID of the corresponding target, and thus obtains the signal for sensing different sensing targets. The Tag can be a device that supports backscatter communication, and its excitation source can be a device other than the tag, or the excitation source is the tag itself. It can also be a UE, that is, a general transceiver module is installed on the sensing target. For example, a communication device such as a vehicle terminal is installed on a car.

[0329] iii) Identification of the sensing target type, different types correspond to different sensing target IDs. For example, they are divided into stationary targets and moving targets, and the latter can be further divided into high-speed targets and low-speed targets. Different types of targets correspond to different n targetID 。

[0330] d) The fourth identifier, which is used to identify the sensing measurement quantity;

[0331] In some embodiments, the sensing signal can be generated according to the measurement quantity identifier. For example, the association relationship between at least one of the sensing measurement quantities and the measurement quantity identifier is shown in Table 8 below:

[0332] Table 8

[0333] Perceived measurement quantity ID Perceived measurement quantity ID1 Time delay / distance ID2 Doppler / velocity ID3 Angle ID4 Time delay / distance, Doppler / velocity ID5 Time delay / distance, Doppler / velocity, angle … …

[0334] e) The fifth identifier, which is used to identify the device participating in the sensing measurement, such as a cell identifier or a terminal identifier (for example: Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI));

[0335] f) Time-domain resource information, such as radio frame index, subframe index, slot index, symbol index, duration, time-domain density, Cyclic prefix (CP) type, CP length, and can also be the coherent processing time window index;

[0336] g) Frequency-domain resource information, such as resource element RE index, resource block RB index, frequency point information, frequency band information, bandwidth, frequency-domain density, subcarrier spacing.

[0337] In addition, at least one of the above time-domain resource information or frequency-domain resource information can be identified by introducing at least one of a sensing resource block index, a port index or an antenna index, and a codeword index, where the sensing resource block contains multiple PRBs and multiple time slots / symbols, that is, it contains specific time-frequency domain resources (for example, the frequency-domain resource length and time-domain resource length corresponding to obtaining a range-Doppler map by performing two-dimensional FFT operations).

[0338] Optionally, the transmission path of the second information may include at least one of the following:

[0339] Sent from the second node to the first node;

[0340] Sent from the second node to the first device and then from the first device to the first node;

[0341] Sent from the first device to the first node.

[0342] In this embodiment, the first node may determine the first information according to the information obtained in advance, for example: determine the first information according to the capability information of the second node, the demand information of MIMO perception, or the prior information obtained in advance, etc.

[0343] It is worth noting that when the first node determines the first information based on the second information and the third information, the first node needs to send the first information to the second node so that the second node can learn the configuration information of the first signal accordingly, thereby enabling the reception and first processing of the first signal to separate the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports, and further realizing the MIMO perception process.

[0344] For example: The first node determines the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port according to the first information, as well as the precoding of the first signal to be transmitted. The second node receives the first signal reflected by the perception target and performs the first processing on the first signal to obtain the measured value of the perception measurement quantity. Thereafter, at least one of the first node, the second node, or the first device may compare the measured value of the perception measurement quantity of the received first signal with the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port determined based on the first information to obtain at least one of the perception result and the measured value of the perception performance evaluation index.

[0345] As another alternative embodiment, the first node obtains the first information, including:

[0346] The first node receives the first information from the first device, where the first device includes a core network element for the first service, and the first service is the service corresponding to MIMO perception.

[0347] In this embodiment, the first device determines the first information. At this time, the first node and the second node may respectively obtain the first information determined by the first device.

[0348] Optionally, the manner in which the second node obtains the first information may include at least one of the following:

[0349] Sent from the first node to the second node;

[0350] Sent from the first node to the first device and then from the first device to the second node;

[0351] Sent from the first device to the second node;

[0352] Sent from the first device to the first node and then from the first node to the second node.

[0353] As an alternative implementation, the method further includes:

[0354] The first node receives fourth information from the second node, where the fourth information is determined based on MIMO perception of the first signal, and the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation metric value, sensed result.

[0355] In some implementations, the first node can receive the fourth information from the second node directly or indirectly. For example, the first node can obtain the fourth information through at least one of the following methods:

[0356] The second node sends at least one of the sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation metric value, and sensed result to the first node;

[0357] The second node sends at least one of the sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation metric value, and sensed result to the first device;

[0358] The second node sends at least one of the sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation metric value, and sensed result to the first node, and the first node sends at least one of the sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation metric value, and sensed result to the first device.

[0359] In this implementation, the first node can obtain the fourth information sent by the second node. At this time, subsequent processing can be performed on this fourth information, such as calculating at least one of the sensed result and the sensed performance evaluation metric value based on the sensed measurement value, and forwarding the fourth information to the first device for subsequent processing by the first device.

[0360] As an alternative implementation, the method further includes:

[0361] The first node updates the first information according to the fourth information;

[0362] The first node precodes the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports according to the updated first information.

[0363] In some implementations, the first information can be adjusted according to the above-mentioned sensed performance evaluation metric value.

[0364] Optionally, the perception performance evaluation index may include SNR. For example, the first information is adjusted with the goal of maximizing SNR.

[0365] Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned measured values of the perception performance evaluation index, the first information can also be dynamically adjusted according to at least one of the measured value of the perception measurement quantity and the perception result, so that the measured value of the perception measurement quantity and the perception result are more accurate, which will not be elaborated here.

[0366] In this embodiment, after updating the first information according to the fourth information, the accuracy of the measured value of the perception measurement quantity and the perception result obtained based on the updated first information can be gradually improved.

[0367] In the embodiment of the present application, the first node obtains the configuration information of the first signal, and accordingly performs time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, so as to suppress the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports in the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding manner. In this way, the mutual interference of each TX-RX sub-channel can be suppressed through time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding, so that the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port only need to satisfy good auto-correlation to achieve MIMO perception based on the first signal. Compared with the related art in which the signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port need to be orthogonal, the requirements for the time-frequency resources used to transmit the first signal can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the time-frequency resources used to transmit the first signal and the perception range can be improved.

[0368] Please refer to Figure 5 , another MIMO perception method provided by the embodiment of the present application, whose execution subject may include a second node. As Figure 5 shown, the MIMO perception method includes the following steps:

[0369] Step 501, the second node obtains the first information, where the first information includes the precoding configuration information of the first signal.

[0370] Step 502, the second node performs a first processing on the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports to obtain fourth information; where the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports of the first node, and the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding based on the first information suppresses the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: the measured value of the perception measurement quantity, the measured value of the perception performance evaluation index, and the perception result.

[0371] In some embodiments, the second node may obtain the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal by performing frequency-domain conjugate multiplication or frequency-domain division, and perform two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to separate the first signals transmitted through different transmit antenna ports, thereby implementing the MIMO sensing function.

[0372] Among them, the first information, the fourth information, the first signal, and the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding respectively have the same meanings and functions as the first information, the fourth information, the first signal, and the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding in the method embodiment on the first node side. Moreover, the first processing in the embodiment of the present application corresponds to the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding in the method embodiment on the first node side, and can separate the first signals transmitted through different transmit antenna ports to obtain the measurement values of the sensing measurement quantities according to the first signals transmitted through each separated transmit antenna port, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0373] The embodiment of the present application corresponds to the method embodiment on the first node side. Among them, the method embodiment on the first node side is that the first node performs time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports based on the first information, as Figure 5 shown in the method embodiment that the second node performs first processing on the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports based on the first information to separate the first signals transmitted through different transmit antenna ports, thereby implementing the MIMO sensing function.

[0374] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0375] The dimension of the first coding matrix;

[0376] The type of the first coding matrix;

[0377] The repetition times of the first coding matrix;

[0378] The minimum value M of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal;

[0379] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0380] The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0381] At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0382] At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0383] The first association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of a row vector in the first coding matrix and the transmit antenna port index of the first node;

[0384] The second association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of a column vector in the first coding matrix and the time-domain resource or resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0385] The third association information is used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency-domain resource or resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0386] The fourth association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and the physical transmit antenna or physical transmit antenna set index of the first node;

[0387] The fifth association relationship is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to transmit the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0388] The first sequence information, where the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0389] The first configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0390] The first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing for obtaining the sensing measurement based on the first signal;

[0391] Wherein, the first coding matrix is used to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal that needs to be transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports.

[0392] In some embodiments, the same symbol is carried on the same first subcarrier of the same transmit antenna port at different times, and the first subcarrier is the subcarrier used to transmit the first signal.

[0393] In some embodiments, the inner product of any two rows in the first coding matrix is 0, or the inner product of any two columns in the first coding matrix is 0.

[0394] In some embodiments, the first coding matrix satisfies any one of the following:

[0395] Each row includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each row is greater than or equal to 2;

[0396] Each column includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each column is greater than or equal to 2.

[0397] In some embodiments, within one transmission period, the same first signal is transmitted at least twice, and the first signals with different transmission times are precoded using different rows or different columns in the first coding matrix.

[0398] In some embodiments, when the first coding matrix includes at least two precoding blocks, the symbols within the precoding block are repeatedly transmitted times, M is the minimum value of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal, and K col is the number of transmit antenna ports of the first signal.

[0399] In some embodiments, the total power of the first signals transmitted on each subcarrier of the same transmit antenna is the same.

[0400] In some embodiments, the type of the first coding matrix includes at least one of the following:

[0401] DFT matrix, Hadamard matrix, space-time block coding STBC matrix, matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices, cascaded matrix;

[0402] Among them, the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least 2 unitary matrices, and the unitary matrices include at least one of the DFT matrix and the Hadamard matrix;

[0403] The cascaded matrix is a matrix obtained by column merging based on at least 2 different precoding matrices, and the precoding matrices used for the column merging include at least one of the DFT matrix, the Hadamard matrix, the STBC matrix, and the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices.

[0404] In some embodiments, the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the time-domain symbols; or,

[0405] the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the time-domain symbols.

[0406] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources of the first signal include at least one resource element (RE), or a time-frequency resource block (RB) composed of REs;

[0407] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix.

[0408] In some embodiments, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0409] The first type, which includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement;

[0410] The second type, which includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement.

[0411] In some embodiments, the second node obtains the first information, including:

[0412] The second node receives the first information from at least one of the first device and the first node, where the first device includes a core network element for the first service, the first service is the service corresponding to MIMO sensing, and the first node includes the transmitting-end device of the first signal.

[0413] In some embodiments, before the second node receives the first information from at least one of the first device and the first node, the method further includes:

[0414] The second node sends second information to at least one of the first device and the first node, and the second information indicates the information related to the sensing ability of the second node.

[0415] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0416] The second node sends the fourth information to at least one of the first node and the first device.

[0417] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0418] The second node receives the updated first information from at least one of the first node and the first device;

[0419] The second node performs first processing on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports according to the updated first information, and obtains the updated fourth information.

[0420] In the embodiments of the present application, the steps executed by the second node correspond to the steps executed by the first node in the method embodiments on the first node side, and the two cooperate with each other to jointly achieve suppressing the mutual correlation between different transmit antenna ports by using time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding, which can relax the requirements for the resources of the first signal. While improving the resource utilization rate of the first signal, it can also improve the MIMO sensing performance.

[0421] To facilitate understanding of the MIMO sensing process in the embodiments of the present application, taking the following process as an example, the interaction process among the first node, the second node, and the first device in the embodiments of the present application is used to illustrate the MIMO sensing process in the embodiments of the present application:

[0422] Step 1: At least one of the first node and the first device obtains second information.

[0423] Wherein, the second information has the same meaning as the second information in the above method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0424] Optionally, the transmission path of the second information may include at least one of the following:

[0425] Sent from the second node to the first node;

[0426] Sent from the second node to the first device, and then sent from the first device to the first node;

[0427] Sent from the first device to the first node.

[0428] Optionally, at least one of the first node and the first device obtains third information.

[0429] Wherein, the third information has the same meaning as the third information in the above method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0430] Step 2: At least one of the first node and the first device determines first information according to at least one of the second information and the third information.

[0431] Wherein, the first information has the same meaning as the first information in the above method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0432] Step 3: The second node obtains the first information.

[0433] In this step, the manner in which the second node obtains the first information may include at least one of the following:

[0434] Sent from the first node to the second node;

[0435] Sent from the first node to the first device and then from the first device to the second node;

[0436] Sent from the first device to the second node;

[0437] Sent from the first device to the first node and then from the first node to the second node.

[0438] Step 4: The first node sends a first signal according to the first information, the second node receives the first signal according to the first information, and obtains at least one of a sensed measurement value, a sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and a sensed result based on the received first signal.

[0439] It should be noted that in this step, before sending the first signal, the first node performs time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal based on the precoding-related information in the first information.

[0440] Optionally, the second node may send at least one of a sensed measurement value, a sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and a sensed result. For example, the second node sends at least one of a sensed measurement value, a sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and a sensed result in the following manner:

[0441] The second node sends at least one of a sensed measurement value, a sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and a sensed result to the first node;

[0442] The second node sends at least one of a sensed measurement value, a sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and a sensed result to the first device;

[0443] The second node sends at least one of a sensed measurement value, a sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and a sensed result to the first node, and the first node sends at least one of a sensed measurement value, a sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and a sensed result to the first device.

[0444] Step 5: Optionally, at least one of the first node and the first device updates the first information based on at least one of the obtained sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and sensed result, and the first node and the second node re-execute Step 3 and Step 4 based on the updated first information.

[0445] In the MIMO sensing method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject may be a MIMO sensing device. In the embodiments of the present application, taking the MIMO sensing device executing the MIMO sensing method as an example, the MIMO sensing device provided by the embodiments of the present application is described.

[0446] Refer to Figure 6 , the embodiments of the present application also provide a MIMO sensing device applied to the first node, such as Figure 6As shown, the MIMO sensing device 600 includes:

[0447] A first acquisition module 601, configured to acquire first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0448] A first precoding module 602, configured to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports.

[0449] Optionally, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0450] The dimension of the first coding matrix;

[0451] The type of the first coding matrix;

[0452] The repetition times of the first coding matrix;

[0453] The minimum value M of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal;

[0454] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0455] The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0456] At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0457] At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0458] First association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the transmit antenna port index of the first node;

[0459] Second association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time-domain resource or resource set index of the first node transmitting the first signal;

[0460] Third association information, used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency-domain resource or resource set index of the first node transmitting the first signal;

[0461] Fourth association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and the physical transmit antenna or physical transmit antenna set index of the first node;

[0462] A fifth association relationship, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector, and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to send the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information used to determine the first sequence;

[0463] First sequence information, where the first sequence information is the parameter information used to determine the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0464] First configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0465] First indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing used to obtain the sensing measurement quantity based on the first signal;

[0466] Wherein, the first coding matrix is used to perform time domain, space domain, and frequency domain precoding on the first signal that needs to be transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports.

[0467] Optionally, the same first subcarrier of the same transmit antenna port carries the same symbol at different times, and the first subcarrier is the subcarrier used to transmit the first signal.

[0468] Optionally, the inner product of any two rows in the first coding matrix is 0, or the inner product of any two columns in the first coding matrix is 0.

[0469] Optionally, the first coding matrix satisfies any one of the following:

[0470] Each row includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each row is greater than or equal to 2;

[0471] Each column includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each column is greater than or equal to 2.

[0472] Optionally, within one transmission period, the same first signal is transmitted at least twice, and the first signals with different transmission times are precoded using different rows or different columns in the first coding matrix.

[0473] Optionally, when the first coding matrix includes at least two precoding blocks, the symbols within the precoding block are repeatedly transmitted times, M is the minimum value of the number of time domain symbols of the first signal, and K col is the number of symbols of the first signal within one coding block.

[0474] Optionally, the total power of the first signals transmitted on the subcarriers of the same transmitting antenna is the same.

[0475] Optionally, the type of the first coding matrix includes at least one of the following:

[0476] DFT matrix, Hadamard matrix, space-time block coding STBC matrix, matrix based on Kronecker product of unitary matrices, cascaded matrix;

[0477] Wherein, the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least two unitary matrices, and the unitary matrices include at least one of a DFT matrix and a Hadamard matrix;

[0478] The cascaded matrix is a matrix obtained by column combination based on at least two different precoding matrices, and the precoding matrices used for the column combination include at least one of a DFT matrix, a Hadamard matrix, an STBC matrix, and the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices.

[0479] Optionally, the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signals, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to time-domain symbols; or,

[0480] The columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signals, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to time-domain symbols.

[0481] Optionally, the time-frequency resources of the first signals include at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0482] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix.

[0483] Optionally, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0484] The first type, the first type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signals based on the frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement;

[0485] The second type, the second type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signals based on the frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement.

[0486] Optionally, the first obtaining module 601 is specifically configured to:

[0487] Receive first information from a first device, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing.

[0488] Optionally, the first acquisition module 601 includes:

[0489] A first acquisition unit for acquiring at least one of second information and third information; where the second information indicates information related to the sensing ability of a second node for receiving the first signal; the third information indicates information related to a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing;

[0490] A first determination unit for determining the first information according to at least one of the second information and the third information.

[0491] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 600 further includes:

[0492] A first transmission module for transmitting the first information to a second node, where the second node is used to receive the first signal.

[0493] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 600 further includes:

[0494] A first reception module for receiving fourth information from a second node, where the fourth information is determined based on MIMO sensing of the first signal, and the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a measured value of a sensing measurement quantity, a measured value of a sensing performance evaluation index, and a sensing result.

[0495] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 600 further includes:

[0496] An update module for updating the first information according to the fourth information;

[0497] A third processing module for precoding the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports according to the updated first information.

[0498] The MIMO sensing device provided in the embodiments of the present application can implement each process in the method embodiments on the first node side and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described here again.

[0499] Refer to Figure 7 , the embodiments of the present application further provide a MIMO sensing device applied to a second node. As Figure 7 shown, the MIMO sensing device 700 includes:

[0500] The second acquisition module 701 is configured to acquire first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0501] The first processing module 702 is configured to perform first processing on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; where the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports of a first node, and the precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain based on the first information suppresses the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: perception measurement value, perception performance evaluation index measurement value, perception result.

[0502] Optionally, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0503] The dimension of the first coding matrix;

[0504] The type of the first coding matrix;

[0505] The repetition times of the first coding matrix;

[0506] The minimum value M of the number of time domain symbols of the first signal;

[0507] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0508] The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0509] At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0510] At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0511] The first association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the transmitting antenna port index of the first node;

[0512] The second association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time domain resource or resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0513] The third association information is used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency domain resource or resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0514] Fourth association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector, and the physical transmission antenna or the physical transmission antenna set index of the first node;

[0515] Fifth association relationship, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector, and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to transmit the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0516] First sequence information, where the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0517] First configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0518] First indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing used to obtain the sensing measurement based on the first signal;

[0519] Wherein, the first coding matrix is used to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal that needs to be transmitted through at least two transmission antenna ports.

[0520] Optionally, the same symbol is carried by the same first subcarrier of the same transmission antenna port at different times, and the first subcarrier is the subcarrier used to transmit the first signal.

[0521] Optionally, the inner product of any two rows in the first coding matrix is 0, or the inner product of any two columns in the first coding matrix is 0.

[0522] Optionally, the first coding matrix satisfies any one of the following:

[0523] Each row includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each row is greater than or equal to 2;

[0524] Each column includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each column is greater than or equal to 2.

[0525] Optionally, within one transmission period, the same first signal is transmitted at least twice, and the first signals with different transmission times are precoded using different rows or different columns in the first coding matrix.

[0526] Optionally, when the first coding matrix includes at least two precoding blocks, the symbols within the precoding blocks are repeatedly transmitted times, where M is the minimum value of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal, and K col is the number of transmit antenna ports of the first signal.

[0527] Optionally, the total power of the first signals transmitted on each subcarrier of the same transmit antenna is the same.

[0528] Optionally, the type of the first coding matrix includes at least one of the following:

[0529] DFT matrix, Hadamard matrix, space-time block coding STBC matrix, matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices, cascaded matrix;

[0530] Among them, the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least 2 unitary matrices, and the unitary matrices include at least one of the DFT matrix and the Hadamard matrix;

[0531] The cascaded matrix is a matrix obtained by column merging based on at least 2 different precoding matrices, and the precoding matrices used for the column merging include at least one of the DFT matrix, the Hadamard matrix, the STBC matrix, and the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices.

[0532] Optionally, the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the time-domain symbols; or,

[0533] the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the time-domain symbols.

[0534] Optionally, the time-frequency resource of the first signal includes at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0535] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix.

[0536] Optionally, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0537] The first type, which includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement;

[0538] The second type, which includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal in a frequency-domain conjugate dot product manner, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement.

[0539] Optionally, the second obtaining module 701 is specifically configured to:

[0540] Receive first information from at least one of a first device and a first node, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing, and the first node includes a transmitting end device of the first signal.

[0541] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 700 further includes:

[0542] A second transmitting module, configured to transmit second information to at least one of the first device and the first node, where the second information indicates information related to the sensing capability of the second node.

[0543] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 700 further includes:

[0544] A third transmitting module, configured to transmit the fourth information to at least one of the first node and the first device.

[0545] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 700 further includes:

[0546] A second receiving module, configured to receive the updated first information from at least one of the first node and the first device;

[0547] A fourth processing module, configured to perform first processing on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports according to the updated first information to obtain updated fourth information.

[0548] The MIMO sensing device provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement each process in the method embodiments on the second node side and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described here again.

[0549] Optionally, as Figure 8As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 800, which includes a processor 801 and a memory 802. A program or instruction that can run on the processor 801 is stored on the memory 802. For example, when the communication device 800 is used as the first node, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 801, it implements each step of the foregoing method embodiment on the first node side and can achieve the same technical effect; when the communication device 800 is used as the second node, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 801, it implements each step of the foregoing method embodiment on the second node side and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, details are not described here.

[0550] An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, including a processor and a communication interface;

[0551] When the communication device is used as the first node, the communication interface is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the processor is used to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports; or,

[0552] When the communication device is used as the second node, the communication interface is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the processor is used to perform first processing on the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports to obtain fourth information; where the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports of a first node, and the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding based on the first information suppresses the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a sensed measurement value, a sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and a sensed result.

[0553] This embodiment of the communication device corresponds to the foregoing method embodiments of MIMO sensing on the first node side and the second node side. Each implementation process and implementation manner of the foregoing method embodiments can be applied to this embodiment of the communication device and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0554] Specifically, Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal for implementing an embodiment of the present application.

[0555] The terminal 900 includes at least some components such as, but not limited to, a radio frequency unit 901, a network module 902, an audio output unit 903, an input unit 904, a sensor 905, a display unit 906, a user input unit 907, an interface unit 908, a memory 909, and a processor 910.

[0556] Those skilled in the art can understand that the terminal 900 may further include a power source (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component. The power source can be logically connected to the processor 910 through a power management system, so as to implement functions such as management of charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. Figure 9 The terminal structure shown does not limit the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0557] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the input unit 904 may include a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) 9041 and a microphone 9042. The GPU 9041 processes the image data of static pictures or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 906 may include a display panel 9061, and the display panel 9061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 907 includes at least one of a touch panel 9071 and other input devices 9072. The touch panel 9071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 9071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. The other input devices 9072 may include but are not limited to a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and a joystick, which will not be elaborated here.

[0558] In the embodiments of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network-side device, the radio frequency unit 901 can transmit it to the processor 910 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 901 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Generally, the radio frequency unit 901 includes but is not limited to an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.

[0559] The memory 909 can be used to store software programs or instructions as well as various data. The memory 909 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. Among them, the first storage area can store an operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.). In addition, the memory 909 can include volatile memory or non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and a direct rambus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 909 in the embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0560] The processor 910 may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 910 integrates an application processor and a modem processor. Among them, the application processor mainly processes operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, etc., and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 910 either.

[0561] In one implementation, the terminal 900 serves as the first node.

[0562] At this time, the radio frequency unit 901 is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0563] A processor 910 for performing time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on a first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports.

[0564] Optionally, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0565] The dimension of the first coding matrix;

[0566] The type of the first coding matrix;

[0567] The number of repetitions of the first coding matrix;

[0568] The minimum value M of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal;

[0569] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0570] The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0571] At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0572] At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0573] The first association information for indicating the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the transmit antenna port index of the first node;

[0574] The second association information for indicating the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time-domain resource or resource set index of the first node for transmitting the first signal;

[0575] The third association information for indicating the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency-domain resource or resource set index of the first node for transmitting the first signal;

[0576] The fourth association information for indicating the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and the physical transmit antenna or physical transmit antenna set index of the first node;

[0577] The fifth association relationship is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector, and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to send the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0578] The first sequence information, where the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0579] The first configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0580] The first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing adopted for obtaining the sensing measurement based on the first signal;

[0581] Wherein, the first coding matrix is used to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal that needs to be transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports.

[0582] Optionally, the same symbol is carried on the same first subcarrier of the same transmit antenna port at different times, and the first subcarrier is the subcarrier used to transmit the first signal.

[0583] Optionally, the inner product of any two rows in the first coding matrix is 0, or the inner product of any two columns in the first coding matrix is 0.

[0584] Optionally, the first coding matrix satisfies any one of the following:

[0585] Each row includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each row is greater than or equal to 2;

[0586] Each column includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each column is greater than or equal to 2.

[0587] Optionally, within one transmission period, the same first signal is transmitted at least twice, and the first signals with different transmission times are precoded using different rows or different columns in the first coding matrix.

[0588] Optionally, in the case where the first coding matrix includes at least two precoding blocks, the symbols within the precoding block are repeatedly transmitted times, M is the minimum value of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal, and K col is the number of symbols of the first signal within one coding block.

[0589] Optionally, the total power of the first signals transmitted on the subcarriers of the same transmitting antenna is the same.

[0590] Optionally, the type of the first coding matrix includes at least one of the following:

[0591] DFT matrix, Hadamard matrix, space-time block coding STBC matrix, matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices, cascaded matrix;

[0592] Wherein, the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least two unitary matrices, and the unitary matrices include at least one of the DFT matrix and the Hadamard matrix;

[0593] The cascaded matrix is a matrix obtained by column merging based on at least two different precoding matrices, and the precoding matrices used for the column merging include at least one of the DFT matrix, the Hadamard matrix, the STBC matrix, and the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices.

[0594] Optionally, the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signals, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to time-domain symbols; or,

[0595] The columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signals, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to time-domain symbols.

[0596] Optionally, the time-frequency resources of the first signals include at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0597] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix.

[0598] Optionally, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0599] The first type, the first type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signals based on the frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement;

[0600] The second type, the second type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signals based on the frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement.

[0601] Optionally, the obtaining of the first information performed by the radio frequency unit 901 includes:

[0602] Receive first information from a first device, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing.

[0603] Optionally, the obtaining of the first information performed by the radio frequency unit 901 includes:

[0604] The radio frequency unit 901 is configured to obtain at least one of second information and third information; where the second information indicates information related to the sensing capability of a second node for receiving the first signal; the third information indicates information related to the first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing;

[0605] The processor 910 is configured to determine the first information according to at least one of the second information and the third information.

[0606] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 901 is further configured to send the first information to a second node, and the second node is configured to receive the first signal.

[0607] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 901 is further configured to receive fourth information from the second node, where the fourth information is determined based on MIMO sensing of the first signal, and the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a measured value of a sensing measurement quantity, a measured value of a sensing performance evaluation index, and a sensing result.

[0608] Optionally, the processor 910 is further configured to:

[0609] Update the first information according to the fourth information;

[0610] Perform precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports according to the updated first information.

[0611] It can be understood that the implementation processes of the implementation manners mentioned in this embodiment may refer to the relevant descriptions of the method embodiment on the first node side and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, they are not described herein again.

[0612] In another implementation manner, the terminal 900 serves as the second node.

[0613] At this time, the radio frequency unit 901 is configured to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0614] A processor 910 is configured to perform a first processing on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein, the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports of a first node, and the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding based on the first information suppresses the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement values, sensed performance evaluation index measurement values, and sensing results.

[0615] Optionally, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0616] The dimension of the first coding matrix;

[0617] The type of the first coding matrix;

[0618] The repetition times of the first coding matrix;

[0619] The minimum value M of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal;

[0620] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, wherein the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0621] The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0622] At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0623] At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0624] The first association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the index of the transmitting antenna port of the first node;

[0625] The second association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the index of the time-domain resource or resource set in which the first node transmits the first signal;

[0626] The third association information is used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the index of the frequency-domain resource or resource set in which the first node transmits the first signal;

[0627] The fourth association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and the index of the physical transmitting antenna or physical transmitting antenna set of the first node;

[0628] The fifth association relationship is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector, and at least one of the first sequence used by the first node to send the first signal, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information used to determine the first sequence;

[0629] The first sequence information, where the first sequence information is the parameter information used to determine the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0630] The first configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0631] The first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing used to obtain the sensing measurement based on the first signal;

[0632] Wherein, the first coding matrix is used to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal that needs to be transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports.

[0633] Optionally, the same symbol is carried on the same first subcarrier of the same transmit antenna port at different times, and the first subcarrier is the subcarrier used to transmit the first signal.

[0634] Optionally, the inner product of any two rows in the first coding matrix is 0, or the inner product of any two columns in the first coding matrix is 0.

[0635] Optionally, the first coding matrix satisfies any of the following:

[0636] Each row includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each row is greater than or equal to 2;

[0637] Each column includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each column is greater than or equal to 2.

[0638] Optionally, within one transmission period, the same first signal is transmitted at least twice, and the first signals for different transmission times are precoded using different rows or different columns in the first coding matrix.

[0639] Optionally, in the case where the first coding matrix includes at least two precoding blocks, the symbols within the precoding block are repeatedly transmitted times, M is the minimum value of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal, and K col is the number of transmit antenna ports of the first signal.

[0640] Optionally, the total power of the first signals transmitted on the subcarriers of the same transmitting antenna is the same.

[0641] Optionally, the type of the first coding matrix includes at least one of the following:

[0642] DFT matrix, Hadamard matrix, space-time block coding STBC matrix, matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices, cascaded matrix;

[0643] wherein, the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least two unitary matrices, and the unitary matrices include at least one of the DFT matrix and the Hadamard matrix;

[0644] The cascaded matrix is a matrix obtained by column merging based on at least two different precoding matrices, and the precoding matrices used for the column merging include at least one of the DFT matrix, the Hadamard matrix, the STBC matrix, and the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices.

[0645] Optionally, the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signals, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to time-domain symbols; or,

[0646] The columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signals, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to time-domain symbols.

[0647] Optionally, the time-frequency resources of the first signals include at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0648] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix.

[0649] Optionally, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0650] The first type, the first type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signals based on the frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement;

[0651] The second type, the second type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signals based on the frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement.

[0652] Optionally, the obtaining of the first information performed by the radio frequency unit 901 includes:

[0653] Receive first information from at least one of a first device and a first node, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing, and the first node includes a transmitting-end device of the first signal.

[0654] Optionally, before receiving the first information from at least one of the first device and the first node, the radio frequency unit 901 is further configured to send second information to at least one of the first device and the first node, where the second information indicates information related to the sensing capability of the second node.

[0655] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 901 is further configured to send the fourth information to at least one of the first node and the first device.

[0656] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 901 is further configured to receive the updated first information from at least one of the first node and the first device;

[0657] The processor 910 is further configured to perform first processing on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports according to the updated first information to obtain updated fourth information.

[0658] It can be understood that the implementation processes of the implementation manners mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant descriptions of the method embodiment on the second node side and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be elaborated here.

[0659] This application embodiment also provides a network-side device. As Figure 10 shown, the network-side device 1000 includes: a processor 1001, a network interface 1002, and a memory 1003. Among them, the network interface 1002 is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0660] An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the processor is used to perform a first process on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports of a first node, and the precoding in the time domain, space domain, and frequency domain based on the first information suppresses the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a perceived measurement value, a perceived performance evaluation index measurement value, and a perceived result. This embodiment of the communication device corresponds to the embodiment of the MIMO perception method on the second node side. Each implementation process and implementation manner of the above method embodiment can be applied to this embodiment of the communication device and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0661] Specifically, the network-side device 1000 in the embodiment of the present application further includes: instructions or programs stored on the memory 1003 and executable on the processor 1001. The processor 1001 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1003 to execute the methods performed by the modules shown in Figure 6 or Figure 7 and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0662] An embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instructions are stored. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement each process of the foregoing method embodiment on the first node side or the second node side and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0663] The processor is the processor in the terminal in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disc. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0664] Another embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run a program or instructions to implement each process of the foregoing method embodiment on the first node side or the second node side and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0665] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a system-on-chip, a system chip, a chip system, or a system-on-chip.

[0666] Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the foregoing first node-side method embodiment or the second node-side method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.

[0667] Another embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication system, including a first node and a second node. The first node is configured to execute the steps of the foregoing first node-side method embodiment, and the second node is configured to execute the steps of the foregoing second node-side method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.

[0668] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including such element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0669] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-described embodiment methods can be implemented by means of a computer software product plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes several instructions for causing a terminal or a network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0670] The embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms of embodiments without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims. These embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-input multi-output (MIMO) sensing method, characterized in that, it includes: The first node obtains first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; The first node performs time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first information includes at least one of the following: The dimension of the first coding matrix; The type of the first coding matrix; The repetition times of the first coding matrix; The minimum value M of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal; The initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix; The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix; At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix; At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix; First association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the index of the transmit antenna port of the first node; Second association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time-domain resource or the index of the resource set for the first node to transmit the first signal; Third association information, used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency-domain resource or the index of the resource set for the first node to transmit the first signal; Fourth association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and the physical transmit antenna or the index of the physical transmit antenna set of the first node; Fifth association relationship, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to transmit the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used by the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence; First sequence information, the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used by the first signal; First configuration information, the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal; First indication information, the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing for obtaining the sensing measurement based on the first signal; where the first coding matrix is used to perform the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The same first sub - carrier of the same transmitting antenna port carries the same symbol at different times, and the first sub - carrier is a sub - carrier for transmitting the first signal.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein, the inner product of any two rows of the first coding matrix is 0, or the inner product of any two columns of the first coding matrix is 0.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein, the first coding matrix satisfies any one of the following: Each row includes at least one zero element, and the number of non - zero elements in each row is greater than or equal to 2; Each column includes at least one zero element, and the number of non - zero elements in each column is greater than or equal to 2.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, within one transmission period, the same first signal is transmitted at least twice, and the first signals for different transmission times are precoded using different rows or different columns of the first coding matrix.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein, When the first encoding matrix includes at least two precoding blocks, the symbols within the precoding blocks are repeatedly transmitted times, M is the minimum value of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal, and K col is the number of symbols of the first signal within one encoding block.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein, the total power of the first signals transmitted on the sub - carriers of the same transmitting antenna is the same.

9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein, the type of the first coding matrix includes at least one of the following: DFT matrix, Hadamard matrix, space - time block coding STBC matrix, matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices, cascaded matrix; wherein, the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least 2 unitary matrices, and the unitary matrices include at least one of the DFT matrix and the Hadamard matrix; the cascaded matrix is a matrix obtained by column - combining based on at least 2 different precoding matrices, and the precoding matrices used for the column - combining include at least one of the DFT matrix, the Hadamard matrix, the STBC matrix, and the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices.

10. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein: the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to time - domain symbols; or, the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signal, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to time - domain symbols.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, the time - frequency resources of the first signal include at least one resource element RE, or a time - frequency resource block RB composed of REs; each of the REs or the time - frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix.

12. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 11, wherein, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following: The first type, the first type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement quantity; The second type, the second type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement quantity.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the first node obtaining the first information includes: the first node receiving the first information from a first device, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the first node obtaining the first information includes: the first node obtaining at least one of second information and third information; where the second information indicates information related to the sensing ability of a second node for receiving the first signal; the third information indicates information related to a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing; the first node determining the first information based on at least one of the second information and the third information.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the method further includes: the first node sending the first information to a second node, and the second node is used to receive the first signal.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the method further includes: the first node receiving fourth information from the second node, where the fourth information is determined based on MIMO sensing of the first signal, and the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a measured value of a sensing measurement quantity, a measured value of a sensing performance evaluation index, a sensing result.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the method further includes: the first node updating the first information according to the fourth information; the first node precoding the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports according to the updated first information.

18. A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sensing method, characterized in that it includes: a second node obtaining first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the second node performing a first process on the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports to obtain fourth information; where the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports of a first node, and the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding based on the first information suppresses the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a measured value of a sensing measurement quantity, a measured value of a sensing performance evaluation index, a sensing result.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the first information includes at least one of the following: The dimension of the first coding matrix; The type of the first coding matrix; The repetition times of the first coding matrix; The minimum value M of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal; The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix; The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix; At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix; At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix; The first association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the transmission antenna port index of the first node; The second association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time-domain resource or the resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal; The third association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency-domain resource or the resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal; The fourth association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and the physical transmission antenna or the physical transmission antenna set index of the first node; The fifth association relationship, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to transmit the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence; The first sequence information, where the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal; The first configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal; The first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing adopted for obtaining the sensing measurement based on the first signal; Wherein, the first coding matrix is used to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmission antenna ports.

20. According to the method described in claim 19, It is characterized in that, The same symbol is carried on the same first subcarrier of the same transmission antenna port at different times, and the first subcarrier is the subcarrier used to transmit the first signal.

21. According to the method described in claim 19 or 20, It is characterized in that, The inner product of any two rows in the first coding matrix is 0, or, the inner product of any two columns in the first coding matrix is 0.

22. According to the method described in any one of claims 19 to 21, It is characterized in that, The first coding matrix satisfies any one of the following: Each row includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each row is greater than or equal to 2; Each column includes at least one zero element, and the number of non-zero elements in each column is greater than or equal to 2.

23. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein, within one transmission period, the same first signal is transmitted at least twice, and the first signals with different transmission times are precoded using different rows or different columns in the first coding matrix.

24. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein, When the first coding matrix includes at least two precoding blocks, the symbols within the precoding blocks are repeatedly transmitted times, M is the minimum value of the number of time-domain symbols of the first signal, and K col is the number of transmit antenna ports of the first signal.

25. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, wherein, the total power of the first signals transmitted on the subcarriers of the same transmitting antenna is the same.

26. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 25, wherein, the type of the first coding matrix includes at least one of the following: DFT matrix, Hadamard matrix, space-time block coding STBC matrix, matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices, cascaded matrix; wherein, the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least 2 unitary matrices, and the unitary matrices include at least one of the DFT matrix and the Hadamard matrix; the cascaded matrix is a matrix obtained by column combining based on at least 2 different precoding matrices, and the precoding matrices used for the column combining include at least one of the DFT matrix, the Hadamard matrix, the STBC matrix, and the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices.

27. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 26, wherein: the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the time-domain symbols; or, the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signal, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the time-domain symbols.

28. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 27, wherein, the time-frequency resource of the first signal includes at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs; each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix.

29. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 28, wherein, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following: The first type, the first type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement quantity; The second type, the second type includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement quantity.

30. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 29, wherein, the second node obtains the first information, including: The second node receives first information from at least one of the first device and the first node, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing, and the first node includes a transmitting device for the first signal.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein, before the second node receives the first information from at least one of the first device and the first node, the method further includes: the second node sends second information to at least one of the first device and the first node, and the second information indicates information related to the sensing ability of the second node.

32. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 31, wherein, the method further includes: the second node sends the fourth information to at least one of the first node and the first device.

33. The method according to claim 32, wherein, the method further includes: the second node receives the updated first information from at least one of the first node and the first device; the second node performs first processing on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports according to the updated first information to obtain updated fourth information.

34. A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sensing device, wherein, applied to a first node, the device includes: a first acquisition module for acquiring first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; a first precoding module for performing time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports.

35. A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sensing device, wherein, applied to a second node, the device includes: a second acquisition module for acquiring first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; a first processing module for performing first processing on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; where the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports of a first node, and the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding based on the first information suppresses the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a measured value of a sensing measurement quantity, a measured value of a sensing performance evaluation index, and a sensing result.

36. A communication device, wherein, includes a processor and a memory, and the memory stores a program or instruction that can run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sensing method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, or implements the steps of the MIMO sensing method according to any one of claims 18 to 33.

37. A readable storage medium, wherein, The program or instruction is stored on the readable storage medium, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) sensing method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, or implements the steps of the MIMO sensing method according to any one of claims 18 to 33.

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