Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sensing method and device and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) sensing method and device and communication equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the MIMO sensing method comprises the steps that a first node obtains first information, and the first information comprises precoding configuration information of a first signal; the first node pre-codes first signals transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the pre-codes are used for suppressing cross correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technologies, and particularly relates to a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) sensing method, apparatus, and communication device. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, MIMO sensing requires the signals of each transmitting antenna port to be orthogonal, and the orthogonalization method is generally Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) or Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM).

[0003] However, TDM and FDM require different transmitting antenna ports to occupy different time-frequency resources, reducing the utilization rate of sensing resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a MIMO sensing method, apparatus, and communication device, which can suppress the cross-correlation between signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports based on precoding, no longer require the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port to be orthogonal, and improve the utilization rate of sensing resources.

[0005] In a first aspect, a MIMO sensing method is provided, and the method includes:

[0006] A first node obtains first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0007] The first node performs precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, where the precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports.

[0008] In a second aspect, a MIMO sensing apparatus is provided, which is applied to a first node, and the apparatus includes:

[0009] A first obtaining module, configured to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0010] A first precoding module, configured to perform precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, where the precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports.

[0011] In a third aspect, a MIMO sensing method is provided, and the method includes:

[0012] A second node obtains first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0013] The second node performs first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein, the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the precoding based on the first information suppresses the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, sensed result.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, a MIMO sensing device is provided, which is applied to a second node. The device includes:

[0015] A second obtaining module, configured to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0016] A first processing module, configured to perform first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein, the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the precoding based on the first information suppresses the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, sensed result.

[0017] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a program or instruction that can run on the processor. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect or the third aspect are implemented.

[0018] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface;

[0019] Wherein, when the communication device is a first node, the communication interface is configured to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the processor is configured to perform precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, where the precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports;

[0020] When the communication device is the second node, the communication interface is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the processor is used to perform first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein, the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the precoding based on the first information suppresses the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, sensed result.

[0021] In a seventh aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, including a first node and a second node, wherein the first node is used to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, and the second node is used to perform the steps of the method as described in the third aspect.

[0022] In an eighth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method as described in the first aspect or the third aspect are implemented.

[0023] In a ninth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the method as described in the first aspect or the third aspect.

[0024] In a tenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect or the third aspect.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the first node obtains the precoding configuration information of the first signal, and accordingly performs precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, so as to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports in a precoding manner. In this way, the cross-interference of each TX-RX sub-channel can be suppressed through precoding, so that the first signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port only need to satisfy good auto-correlation to realize MIMO sensing based on the first signal. Compared with the related art in which the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port need to be orthogonal, the requirements for the time-frequency resources used to transmit the first signal can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the time-frequency resources used to transmit the first signal can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication system to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied;

[0027] Figure 2 It is one of the flowcharts of a MIMO sensing method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3a It is one of the schematic diagrams of the action mode of the STC coding matrix in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3b It is the second schematic diagram of the action mode of the STC coding matrix in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4a It is one of the schematic diagrams of the sensing area in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4b It is the second schematic diagram of the sensing area in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 It is the second flowchart of a MIMO sensing method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a MIMO sensing device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 It is the second structural schematic diagram of a MIMO sensing device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 It is the structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 9 It is the structural schematic diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 10 It is the structural schematic diagram of a network-side device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, rather than all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same category, and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or multiple. In addition, "or" in this application means at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three scenarios, namely, Scenario 1: including A and not including B; Scenario 2: including B and not including A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0040] The term "indication" in this application can be either a direct indication (or an explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or an implicit indication). Among them, a direct indication can be understood as that the sender clearly tells the receiver specific information, operations to be performed, or request results, etc. in the sent indication; an indirect indication can be understood as that the receiver determines the corresponding information according to the indication sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operations to be performed or request results, etc. according to the judgment result.

[0041] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of this application is not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used not only in the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, but also in other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes the New Radio (NR) system for example purposes, and uses NR terms in most of the following descriptions, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than the NR system, such as the 6th generation (6 thGeneration, 6G) communication system.

[0042] Figure 1A block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied is shown. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. Among them, the terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR), a virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, a flight vehicle, a vehicle user equipment (VUE), a shipborne device, a pedestrian user equipment (PUE), a smart home (home devices with wireless communication functions, such as refrigerators, TVs, washing machines or furniture, etc.), a game console, a personal computer (PC), a teller machine or a self-service machine, etc. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart earphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart ankle chains, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among them, the vehicle user equipment can also be called a vehicle terminal, a vehicle controller, a vehicle module, a vehicle component, a vehicle chip or a vehicle unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The network-side device 12 can include an access network device or a core network device. Among them, the access network device can also be called a radio access network (RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device can include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.Among them, the base station can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), the next generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), access point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), home Node B (HNB), home evolved Node B, Transmission Reception Point (TRP), or some other suitable term in the art. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, only the base station in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0043] The core network device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: core network nodes, core network functions, Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (L-NEF), Binding Support Function (BSF), Application Function (AF), etc. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, only the core network devices in the NR system are taken as examples for introduction, and the specific types of core network devices are not limited. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, only the core network devices in the NR system are taken as examples for introduction, and the specific types of core network devices are not limited.

[0044] Wireless communication and radar sensing (Communication & Sensing, C&S) have been developing in parallel, but with limited intersection. They share many commonalities in signal processing algorithms, devices, and to some extent, system architectures. In recent years, traditional radar has been evolving towards more general wireless sensing. Wireless sensing can broadly refer to retrieving information from received radio signals. For wireless sensing related to the location of a target, common signal processing methods can be used to estimate dynamic parameters such as the delay of the target signal reflection, angle of arrival, angle of departure, and Doppler. For sensing the physical characteristics of a target, it can be achieved by measuring the inherent signal patterns of the device / object / activity. These two sensing methods can be respectively referred to as sensing parameter estimation and pattern recognition. In this sense, wireless sensing refers to a more general sensing technology and application using radio signals.

[0045] Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) has the potential to integrate wireless sensing into large-scale mobile networks, referred to here as Perceptive Mobile Networks (PMNs). Perceptive Mobile Networks can provide both communication and wireless sensing services simultaneously, and due to their large broadband coverage and powerful infrastructure, are expected to become an omnipresent wireless sensing solution. Perceptive Mobile Networks can be widely applied to communication and sensing in the fields of transportation, communication, energy, precision agriculture, and security. It can also provide complementary sensing capabilities to existing sensor networks, with unique day-night operation functions and the ability to penetrate fog, leaves, and even solid objects. Some common sensing services are shown in Table 1 below:

[0046] Table 1

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] In MIMO sensing, signals are transmitted through multiple transmit antenna ports at the signal transmitting end, and signals are received through multiple receive antenna ports at the signal receiving end. By performing sensing measurements on the signals received at the multiple receive antenna ports, sensing measurement quantities or sensing results can be obtained. During this process, the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) at the signal receiving end is related to the cross-correlation function (CCF) of the signals transmitted by each transmit antenna. On the one hand, in the presence of clutter or multiple sensing targets, the CCF will degrade the detection performance at the signal receiving end, resulting in false detections or missed detections. On the other hand, the CCF will also prevent the signal receiving end from effectively separating the signals of each transmit antenna, reducing the MIMO sensing angle measurement performance.

[0050] Based on this, in the related art, through signal design, the signals of each transmit antenna port in MIMO sensing are made orthogonal in the frequency domain, time domain, code domain, or Doppler domain, so that the receiving end can distinguish the signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port. For example, orthogonal methods such as time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), and code division multiplexing (CDM) are used to achieve signal orthogonality. For TDM and FDM, different transmit antenna ports are required to occupy different time-frequency resources, reducing the utilization rate of sensing signal resources; while the sensing performance of CDM is easily limited by the correlation characteristics of orthogonal sequences and is also sensitive to Doppler. In addition, since most of the reflected signals (clutter) generated after the orthogonal signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port interact with the environment do not necessarily remain well orthogonal, therefore, the method of making the signals of each transmit antenna port orthogonal in the frequency domain, time domain, code domain, or Doppler domain by signal design in the related art has the defect of poor sensing performance in clutter environments or multi-target sensing application scenarios.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present application, a method of precoding (such as space-time coding (STC)) the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports is designed to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports, so that the receiving end can distinguish the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports according to the decoding process corresponding to the precoding, and thus implement the MIMO sensing function based on the first signal.

[0052] It is worth noting that in the related art, when performing MIMO sensing by means of signal design, in addition to requiring the transmitted signal to have good autocorrelation, it is also required that the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port be orthogonal, that is, it is required to eliminate the cross-correlation between the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna. This brings difficulties to signal design because a large number of theoretical studies have shown that the suppression of the autocorrelation and cross-correlation of signals is often contradictory. For example, if a signal has good autocorrelation, then such a signal often has cross-correlation, and vice versa. In the embodiments of the present application, precoding is introduced, which can relax the signal requirements for MIMO sensing. It only requires the signal to have good autocorrelation, and the cross-correlation of the signal is suppressed by precoding.

[0053] The present application also proposes a method for configuring precoding-related information through first information in a mobile communication network to implement MIMO sensing, and proposes an interaction process and interaction content of the first information between the first node, the second node, and the first device.

[0054] To facilitate the description of the MIMO sensing method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the following nouns or terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are first explained:

[0055] 1) First signal. In a mobile communication network, a base station (including one or more Transmission Reception Points (TRPs) on the base station) and a User Equipment (UE) (including one or more antenna sub-arrays / panels on the UE) can serve as sensing nodes participating in integrated sensing and communication services. By sending and receiving sensing signals through the sensing nodes, it is possible to sense a certain area or an entity target. Among them, the sensing signal can be a signal that does not contain transmission information, such as existing LTE / NR synchronization and reference signals (including: Synchronization Signal and PBCH block (SSB) signal, Channel State Information (CSI) Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), Phase-Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), etc.). Of course, the sensing signal can also be a single-frequency Continuous Wave (CW), Frequency Modulated CW (FMCW), and ultra-wideband Gaussian pulse commonly used in radar. In addition, the sensing signal can also be a newly designed dedicated sensing signal with good correlation characteristics and low Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), or a newly designed integrated sensing and communication signal that not only carries certain information but also has good sensing performance. For example: the new signal is composed of at least one dedicated sensing signal / reference signal and at least one communication signal spliced / combined / superimposed in the time domain and / or frequency domain. Here, the type of the sensing signal is not specifically limited. For the convenience of description, in the following embodiments, the above signals are uniformly referred to as the first signal.

[0056] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, each transmit antenna port sends its own first signal. At this time, the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports can be the same or different. For example: the transmission sequences of the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports can be the same or different.

[0057] 2) First node, that is, the node that sends the above first signal.

[0058] 3) The second node, i.e., the node that receives the above first signal.

[0059] In some embodiments, the above first node may be a base station (including TRP) or a UE, and the second node may be a base station (including TRP) or a UE different from the first node. For ease of description, in the embodiments of the present application, it is usually exemplified that the first node is a base station and the second node is a UE, which does not constitute a specific limitation here.

[0060] 4) The first device. In some embodiments, at least one of the first node and the second node needs to interact with a core network device, which may include at least one of the following: a sensing function network element (Sensing Function, SF), an access and mobility management function (Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF), and a sensing application server in the core network. For ease of description, in the embodiments of the present application, the core network device that interacts with at least one of the first node and the second node is referred to as the first device.

[0061] 5) The first coding matrix, which is a matrix for precoding (such as STC) the signal vector transmitted by the transmit antenna port for MIMO sensing by the first node. The first coding matrix can be uniquely indicated by a first coding matrix index.

[0062] 6) The first decoding matrix, which is a decoding matrix corresponding to the above first coding matrix. It is a matrix for decoding (such as space-time decoding) the signal vector received by the receive antenna port for MIMO sensing by the second node. The first decoding matrix can be uniquely indicated by a first decoding matrix index.

[0063] It should be noted that in some embodiments, only some rows or some columns of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix can be used to precode and decode the first signal. At this time, the row index can be used to indicate which row or rows of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are used, or the column index can be used to indicate which column or columns of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are used.

[0064] 7) A resource block (Resource Block, RB), which is a time-frequency resource block composed of at least 1 resource unit (Resource Element, RE).

[0065] 8) Autocorrelation. Generally, a signal has good autocorrelation, that is, the correlation between the signal and any time-delay delayed version of itself is very low.

[0066] 9) Cross-correlation, a measure used to reflect the similarity between two signals. The higher the similarity between two signals, the more difficult it is for the receiving end to separate the two signals.

[0067] 10) Precoding. The precoding in the embodiments of the present application includes phase precoding, or includes phase precoding and amplitude precoding.

[0068] Next, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, through some embodiments and their application scenarios, the MIMO sensing method, MIMO sensing device, and communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 2 , a MIMO sensing method provided by the embodiments of the present application, and its execution entity can be a first node, which is not specifically limited here.

[0070] As Figure 2 shown, a MIMO sensing method provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 201, the first node obtains first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal.

[0072] Among them, the way for the first node to obtain the first information can be to receive the first information from other nodes or devices, or to determine the first information based on other auxiliary information, such as the capability information of the second node, etc.

[0073] It is worth noting that when the first node determines the first information, the first node also sends the first information to the second node, so that the second node can receive, sense and measure, and decode the first signal transmitted by at least two transmit antenna ports based on the first information, so as to obtain at least one of the sensed measurement value, sensing result, and sensing evaluation index.

[0074] For example: The first node can send the first information to the second node by carrying the first information in a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) or a System Information Block (SIB) through broadcast / multicast; it can also send the first information to the second node by carrying the first information in Radio Resource Control (RRC) or Downlink Control Information (DCI) in a unicast manner; or a combination of both, using a broadcast message to indicate a part of the common information in the first information, and using a unicast message to indicate another part of the information specified for the second node (User-specified) in the first information.

[0075] It is worth noting that when the first node receives the first information from the first device, the first device also sends the first information to the second node, so that the second node can learn the configuration information of the first signal accordingly, thereby enabling processes such as receiving, decoding, and MIMO sensing of the first signal.

[0076] For example: after determining the first information, the first device (core network sensing function / sensing network element) can send it to at least one of the first node and the second node through non-access stratum (NAS) signaling (forwarded by the AMF); or the first device sends the first information to the AMF, and the AMF forwards it to at least one of the first node and the second node through the N2 interface; it can also be that the first device sends it to the UPF, and the UPF sends it to at least one of the first node and the second node through the N3 interface. Among them, when the first device sends the first information to one of the first node and the second node, the node that receives the first information can forward the first information to the other of the first node and the second node.

[0077] For the convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, usually the example of the first node determining and sending the first information to the second node is used for illustration, which does not constitute a specific limitation here.

[0078] Step 202, the first node precodes the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the precoding is used to suppress the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports.

[0079] In some embodiments, the above precoding may include precoding in at least one of time domain, frequency domain, and space domain. For the convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, the example where the precoding is space-time coding (STC) is used for illustration.

[0080] When the precoding is STC, the receiving end (second node) of the first signal can adopt the processing methods of time domain filtering and signal accumulation to obtain the channel matrix of the first signal, and accordingly obtain at least one of the perception measurement value, perception result, and perception evaluation index measurement value.

[0081] In the field of communication, STC can obtain diversity gain and improve the reliability of transmission. In the field of MIMO radar, there have been some studies on space-time coding for MIMO radar. Through space-time coding, it is possible to suppress the cross-correlation of the transmitted signals of each transmitting antenna port of the MIMO radar, or in other words, eliminate the cumulative cross-interference in the signal processing on the radar receiver side. According to the different signal processing methods of the radar receiver, the space-time coding scheme adopted by the radar transmitter will also be different. Generally, the radar receiver adopts the method of matched filtering in the time domain, that is, on the receiver side, the received signal and the transmitted signal are subjected to (time-domain sliding) correlation operation to obtain a data matrix (time-domain channel matrix) containing target information. This method is equivalent to performing conjugate multiplication operation on the received signal and the transmitted signal in the frequency domain; in addition, the radar receiver can divide the received signal and the transmitted signal in the frequency domain to obtain the frequency-domain channel matrix as the data matrix for subsequent signal processing. The radar receiver can perform two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (Two-Dimension Fast Fourier Transform, 2D-FFT) on the above two data matrices to obtain the delay-Doppler spectrum, and perform subsequent further signal processing to achieve radar measurement.

[0082] Reference [1]: Song, Xiufeng, Shengli Zhou, and Peter Willett. "Reducing the waveform cross correlation of MIMO radar with space–time coding." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 58.8 (2010): 4213-4224. points out that the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) of the MIMO radar receiver is related to the cross-correlation function (CCF) of the transmitted signals of each transmitting antenna of the MIMO radar. On the one hand, in the presence of clutter or multiple targets, the CCF will reduce the detection performance of the radar receiver, resulting in false detection or missed detection. On the other hand, the CCF will also prevent the MIMO radar receiver from effectively separating the signals of each transmitting antenna and reduce the angle measurement performance of the MIMO radar.

[0083] In order to achieve better MIMO sensing, related technologies propose to make the signals of each transmitting antenna orthogonal in the frequency domain, time domain, code domain, or Doppler domain in signal design to improve the MIMO sensing performance. However, it should be noted that since most of the reflected signals (clutter) generated after the orthogonal signals transmitted from each port interact with the environment may not necessarily remain well orthogonal, at this time, the reflected signals will interfere with the sensing accuracy at the receiving end.

[0084] In the embodiments of the present application, the complete elimination of CCF can be achieved through precoding (such as STC). In other words, the introduction of precoding relaxes the signal requirements for MIMO sensing, that is, it is no longer required that the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna are orthogonal, and it is only necessary to ensure that the signals have good autocorrelation.

[0085] For example: Assume that the signal sequence transmitted by the l-th antenna is s l =[s l,1 , s l,2 , …, s l,P T , where s l,m is the m-th transmitted symbol, and P represents the total number of signal symbols. If clutter interference is not considered, the signal received by the i-th receiving antenna in the j-th Pulse Repetition Period (PRP) is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] where represents the transmit signal matrix with dimensions N t ×P, [] T represents matrix transpose; N t is the number of transmitting antennas, and P is the length of the STC code (belonging to the number of symbols). A j =diag(a j ) is the STC coding matrix, where is the STC coding vector of the corresponding N t antennas at the j-th pulse.

[0088] is the target reflection coefficient matrix corresponding to the i-th receiving antenna, b is the transmit array steering vector with dimensions N t ×1, and α i is the i-th element of the receive antenna array steering vector. α i b T G i can be regarded as the multi-input single-output (MISO) channel vector of the target reflection path corresponding to the i-th receiving antenna. n i,j is the noise vector corresponding to the i-th receiving antenna in the j-th PRP. If the clutter signal in the environment is considered, equation (1) can be written as:

[0089]

[0090] where the displacement matrix J with dimensions P×P is used p ​, representing the relative time delay between the clutter signal and the target reflection signal:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, is the clutter reflection coefficient matrix. Assume C j = diag(c j ) is the decoding matrix of the j-th pulse, is the decoding vector. After pulse compression by the radar receiver, it is expressed as the following equation:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, is the time delay P compression matrix of the j-th PRP, d i,j is a vector of dimension N t ×1, and the l-th element corresponds to the transmitted symbol s l of the l-th transmit antenna of the j-th symbol; [] H represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix. The signal correlation matrix R p is defined as:

[0095]

[0096] Among them, R m,n (p) represents the correlation coefficient between the signal s m and the signal s n , where s m is delayed by p symbol durations relative to s n .

[0097]

[0098] can simplify to Among them, ⊙ represents the Hadamard product (i.e., element-wise multiplication of the matrix). Assume that each transmit antenna continuously transmits the same signal within multiple PRPs (from j to j + K - 1), and the receiving device accumulates the signals that have passed through STC K times, then there is:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, is the accumulated noise vector, and the first matrix satisfies the following equation:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Among them, the matrix and are the STC encoding and decoding matrices adopted by the transmitting device and the receiving device respectively. If the following equation is satisfied:

[0105]

[0106] Among them, the matrix is a diagonal matrix and

[0107] At this time, the cross-correlation of the signals of each transmission channel during the period from the j-th to the j+K-1-th transmitted symbol is eliminated, and the MIMO sensing performance based on the signals of this K-symbol length is no longer affected by the mutual interference of the signals of each transmitting antenna. Here, it is required that K≥N t .

[0108] It should be noted that in the related art, since most of the reflected signals (clutter) generated after the orthogonal signals transmitted by each port act on the environment may not necessarily still maintain good orthogonality, that is, it cannot be guaranteed that R in equation (8) must p be a diagonal matrix, resulting in poor MIMO sensing performance of MIMO sensing based on the signal orthogonal method in a clutter environment or a multi-target sensing application scenario.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present application, the complete elimination of CCF can be achieved through precoding (such as STC), even if is a diagonal matrix. In addition, signal design and STC encoding can also be jointly designed, that is, by simultaneously designing R p and to make a diagonal matrix.

[0110] Optionally, the first information is used to configure the first matrix as a diagonal matrix, and the first matrix is:

[0111]

[0112] Among them, j is the symbol index of the first signal; K is the number of repeated transmissions of the first signal within a signal accumulation period; p is the delay index of the received signal during receiving end matched filtering, the value range of p is [1-P, P-1], and p is not equal to 0, and P is the total number of time domain symbols of the first signal; R p is the signal correlation matrix with a delay of p; is the summation matrix of the precoding matrix of the first signal within the j-th symbol to the j+K-1-th symbol; is the summation matrix of the decoding matrix of the first signal within the j-th symbol to the j+K-1-th symbol; ⊙ represents the Hadamard product.

[0113] In some embodiments, the first information includes precoding configuration information of the first signal. The first information can be used for the first node to precode the first signal and for the second node to decode the received first signal. For example, the first node and the second node can determine the time-frequency pattern of the configured first signal according to the first information, as well as how to precode and decode the first signal.

[0114] It should be noted that the precoding and decoding in the embodiments of this application are corresponding. For example, a precoding matrix corresponds to one or at least two decoding matrices. At this time, the first node and the second node can reach an agreement on the precoding and decoding processes used for the first signal based on the first information.

[0115] In some embodiments, the precoding configuration information can be information related to instructing the first node to implement precoding for the first signal to be transmitted, such as the coding matrix, the association relationship between the elements in the coding matrix and the transmit antenna ports, the association relationship between the elements in the coding matrix and the time-frequency resources, etc. In addition, the precoding configuration information can also include information related to instructing the second node to decode the received first signal, such as the decoding matrix.

[0116] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the coding matrix and the decoding matrix may have a one-to-one correspondence. At this time, the information related to the coding matrix can be indicated to the first node and the second node through the first information, so that the first node precodes the first signal to be transmitted accordingly, and the second node determines the uniquely corresponding decoding matrix information according to the information related to the coding matrix.

[0117] In some other embodiments, one coding matrix may correspond to at least two decoding matrices. At this time, the information related to the coding matrix can be indicated to the first node through the first information, so that the first node precodes the first signal to be transmitted accordingly; the information of a certain decoding matrix corresponding to the coding matrix can also be indicated to the second node through the first information, so that the second node decodes the received first signal based on the decoding matrix information. Alternatively, the coding matrix used for the first signal can be indicated to the second node through the first information, and the second node calculates the decoding matrix by itself based on the coding matrix.

[0118] Optionally, the precoding configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0119] 1) The dimension of the first coding matrix. For example, when the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrices, the dimension N of the DFT matrix can be indicated by the first information, where N ≥ K ≥ N t ; At this time, after the first node indicates the type of the space-time coding and decoding matrix and the parameter N to the second node, the second node calculates and determines the DFT matrix based on the following equation according to this information:

[0120]

[0121] where ω = exp(j2π / N t ).

[0122] 2) The type of the first coding matrix. The type of the first coding matrix includes at least any one of the following: Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix, Hadamard matrix, matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices, custom matrix; among them, the matrix based on the Kronecker product of unitary matrices is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least 2 unitary matrices, and the unitary matrices include DFT matrices and Hadamard matrices.

[0123] Optionally, at least one of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix satisfies at least one of the following:

[0124] The product matrix Q of the first coding matrix and the conjugate matrix of the first decoding matrix Nt is a diagonal matrix;

[0125] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are full-rank matrices;

[0126] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are unitary matrices;

[0127] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Hadamard matrices;

[0128] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Kronecker products of unitary matrices.

[0129] Among them, the DFT matrix is a unitary matrix. Using the DFT matrix as the STC coding matrix, and the corresponding decoding matrix can be the same as the coding matrix, which can avoid the conjugate transpose matrix of the corresponding decoding matrix For the problem of ill-conditioned matrices, and the amplitudes of the elements of the row vectors of the DFT matrix have small differences. During the STC coding process based on the DFT matrix, it is equivalent to only performing phase modulation on the first signal, enabling the transmitting antennas of the first node to transmit signals with a constant power.

[0130] 3) The initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix; among them, the dimension of the Hadamard matrix must be an integer multiple of 2 or 4. A Hadamard matrix with a dimension of 2×2 is For dimension 2 m ×2 m , Hadamard matrices for m = 2, 3, 4,... can be iteratively generated by Sylvester's construction method, that is When the actual number of transmitting antennas N t is not an integer multiple of 4, then the first node first determines m′ such that 4(m′ - 1) < N t < 4m′, thereby determining the Hadamard matrix H 4m′ , and then arbitrarily selects N t rows from this matrix, and the obtained submatrix is used as the STC coding matrix A, and the conjugate transpose matrix of the corresponding decoding matrix is

[0131] For example: When the type of the first coding matrix is a Hadamard matrix and the dimension N is an integer multiple of 2 or 4, the first coding matrix can be constructed based on the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix H 2 . At this time, the first information includes the type of the first coding matrix, the dimension of the first coding matrix, and the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix H 2 or the index of the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix H 2 . In this way, the first node and the second node can calculate and determine the Hadamard matrix used based on .

[0132] As shown in Table 2 below, the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix H 2 and its index are exemplified:

[0133] Table 2

[0134]

[0135] Optionally, in the case where the type of the first coding matrix is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least 2 unitary matrices, based on if matrices X and Y are both unitary matrices, then their Kronecker product For the principle of the unitary matrix, a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least two unitary matrices can be used as the first encoding matrix, where represents the calculation of the Kronecker product. In some embodiments, at least two DFT matrices, Hadamard matrices, and other predefined unitary matrices, or the indices of these unitary matrices, can be indicated in the first information. The actually used STC encoding matrix and decoding matrix are the Kronecker products of the at least two DFT matrices, Hadamard matrices, and other predefined unitary matrices.

[0136] For another example: when the type of the first encoding matrix is a matrix obtained by calculating the Kronecker product based on at least two unitary matrices, the first information may further include at least one of the following: the types of the at least two unitary matrices, the dimensions of the at least two unitary matrices, the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix.

[0137] 4) The first encoding matrix or the index of the first encoding matrix;

[0138] 5) At least one row of the first encoding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first encoding matrix;

[0139] 6) At least one column of the first encoding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first encoding matrix;

[0140] In some embodiments, the first information may directly indicate the content of the space-time coding matrix, or the first information may indicate the content of a submatrix obtained by extracting at least one row and / or at least one column of the space-time coding matrix. For example: assuming the dimension of the first encoding matrix is N, when N is greater than K, K rows or K columns can be extracted from the first encoding matrix so that the rows or columns of the obtained submatrix correspond one-to-one with the K transmit antenna ports;

[0141] 7) The first association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first encoding matrix and the transmit antenna port index of the first node;

[0142] In some embodiments, one STC coding vector index (dimension N t ×1) or the STC coding matrix (dimension N t ×K) index corresponds to 1 group of transmit antenna ports using STC coding:

[0143] (1) The mapping relationship between the vector element order, or the row order of the matrix and the antenna port number needs to be indicated;

[0144] (2) There is a situation where the number of transmit antenna ports sensed by MIMO > the length of the STC coding vector / the number of rows of the STC coding matrix. In this case, it is also necessary to indicate the mapping relationship (i.e., indicate which antenna ports among the transmit antenna ports sensed by MIMO use STC); for other transmit antenna ports that do not use STC, signals are sent through TDM / FDM / CDM / DDM, etc.

[0145] In some embodiments, different transmit antenna ports may correspond to different rows in the first coding matrix. Based on the above first association relationship, it can be determined which row vector elements in the first coding matrix are used for precoding the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port of the first node.

[0146] In other embodiments, different transmit antenna ports may correspond to different columns in the first coding matrix. For the sake of illustration, in the embodiments of the present application, it is exemplified that different transmit antenna ports may correspond to different columns in the first coding matrix, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to time domain resources. This does not constitute a specific limitation here.

[0147] 8) Second association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time domain resource or the resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0148] In some embodiments, if the first information indicates the first coding matrix index or directly indicates the first coding matrix, the column numbers of the first coding matrix correspond to the transmission timings one by one. However, there may be a situation where the total time length of actually transmitting the coded sensing signal is less than the maximum time length that the receiving end can accumulate signals. At this time, other time slots can be used to transmit data signals (the sensing signals can even be non-uniform). At this time, it is necessary to indicate the transmission time slots of the column vectors of the first coding matrix;

[0149] In some embodiments, different time domain resources or resource sets may correspond to columns in the first coding matrix. Based on the above second association relationship, it can be determined which column vector elements in the first coding matrix are used for precoding the first signals transmitted on each time domain resource or resource set.

[0150] For example: The following Table 3 gives an example of the mapping relationship between the index of the STC coding matrix column and the time resource / resource set index:

[0151] Table 3

[0152] Matrix column index l 0 1 2 3 ... Time resource index s 1 3 2 4 ...

[0153] As shown in Table 3 above, an example of the mapping relationship between the column index of the STC coding matrix and the first signal time resource / resource set index (including the starting time slot index, starting symbol index, and starting frame index) is given. When actually applying the STC coding matrix, within one accumulation period (i.e., after K transmissions are completed), the mapping relationship between each column vector of an STC coding matrix and the time resource index is not unique. In other words, when using each column vector of the STC coding matrix to encode the first signals at different time sequences, the order can be non-unique. Therefore, while indicating the STC coding matrix index i (and the STC coding matrix column index l), the mapping relationship between the STC coding matrix column index l and the first signal time resource / resource set index s can also be indicated. Figure 3b Figure 3b shows an example of the operation mode of STC coding. In this example, the configuration information (i.e., the above-mentioned first information) sent by the first node to the second node includes the STC coding matrix index i = 1 (taking the definition in Table 4 below as an example). In addition, the first node also needs to send the mapping relationship between the STC coding matrix column index l and the time resource / resource set index s shown in Table 3 to the second node. If following the mapping example in Table 3, and assuming that transmit antenna port 2 is mapped to the STC coding matrix row index k = 1, and the first signal time resource set indices s = 0, 1, 2, 3 of transmit antenna port 2 correspond to the comb-shaped time-frequency resources on slot n symbol 3, slot n symbol 10, slot n + 1 symbol 3, and slot n + 1 symbol 10 respectively.

[0154] Table 4

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] 9) The third association information is used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency domain resource or resource set index of the first node transmitting the first signal;

[0158] Based on the above third association relationship, it can be determined which array elements in which first coding matrix are used for precoding the first signals transmitted on each frequency domain resource or resource set.

[0159] 10) The fourth association information is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector and the physical transmit antenna or physical transmit antenna set index of the first node;

[0160] In some embodiments, different physical transmit antennas or sets of physical transmit antennas may correspond to rows in the first coding matrix. Based on the above fourth association relationship, it can be determined which vector elements in which row vector or row vectors in the first coding matrix are used to precode the first signal transmitted by each physical transmit antenna or set of physical transmit antennas of the first node.

[0161] It should be noted that the differences between MIMO sensing and communication include: the calculation end of the sensing result needs to know the position information of the physical antenna elements actually transmitting the first signal. Through the above fourth association relationship, the second node can know which transmit antennas the N tx paths of data specifically come from after STC decoding;

[0162] For example: The following Table 5 gives an example of the mapping relationship between the index of the STC coding matrix row and the physical antenna / antenna set port index:

[0163] Table 5

[0164]

[0165] As shown in Table 5 above, an example of the mapping relationship between the STC coding matrix row index and the physical antenna port index is given. Assume that the necessary information of the physical antenna array of the transmitting device is commonly known between the MIMO transmitting device and the receiving device (the first node and the second node) (at least including: the relationship between the physical antenna index and the position of the specific physical antenna in the physical antenna array, the physical antenna spacing, the physical antenna formation, etc.). Then, the content of at least one row of the STC coding matrix can be mapped to the physical antennas of the transmitting device through the mapping method in Table 5. This mapping relationship can be flexibly configurable. When configuring, the first node sends the physical antenna index p corresponding to the coding matrix row index k to the second node.

[0166] Of course, the physical antenna index may be bound to the logical antenna port index, and then form a mapping relationship with the coding matrix row vector or row vector index. In this way, even if each transmit antenna port transmits exactly the same signal (time-frequency overlapping and sequence the same), the second node can complete MIMO sensing.

[0167] 11) The fifth association relationship is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector, and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to transmit the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used by the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0168] In some embodiments, the first sequence may be at least one of the following sequences: m-sequence, Gold sequence, ZC (Zadoff-Chu) sequence, Chirp sequence, Zero Correlation Zone (ZCZ) sequence, and other commonly used pseudo-random sequences, etc., which are not specifically limited herein. Optionally, the first sequence parameter information includes at least one of the following: shift register initial value, primitive polynomial, sequence truncation position, sequence root number, cyclic shift value, Chirp sequence bandwidth-time width ratio, ZCZ sequence zero correlation region length, sequence length.

[0169] In some embodiments, the first sequence may also be a sequence with elements being any fixed value, such as an all-ones sequence. Optionally, the first sequence parameter information includes at least one of the following: sequence element amplitude, sequence element phase, sequence length.

[0170] In some embodiments, the first sequences used by different transmit antenna ports or different physical transmit antennas or different physical transmit antenna sets of the first node may be different.

[0171] 12) Dimension of the first decoding matrix;

[0172] In some embodiments, the dimension of the first decoding matrix may be the same as or different from the dimension of the first encoding matrix.

[0173] 13) Type of the first decoding matrix;

[0174] In some embodiments, the type of the first decoding matrix may be the same as or different from the type of the first encoding matrix.

[0175] 14) Initial 2-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial 2-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first decoding matrix;

[0176] 15) First decoding matrix or the index of the first decoding matrix;

[0177] 16) At least one row of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first decoding matrix;

[0178] 17) At least one column of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first decoding matrix;

[0179] Wherein, the first encoding matrix is used to precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, and the first decoding matrix is used to decode the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports.

[0180] In some embodiments, when the dimensions of the first decoding matrix and the first encoding matrix are the same, the first decoding matrix and the first encoding matrix can share the row index and the column index.

[0181] For example: Assume that the STC encoding matrix and the decoding have the same dimensions, and their row vectors and column vectors correspond one by one. Therefore, the STC encoding matrix and the decoding matrix can share the same row index k and column index l. At least one of the above-mentioned precoding configuration information, including the STC encoding matrix index i, the STC decoding matrix index j, the row index k, the column index l, the mapping relationship between the row index k and the physical antenna / antenna set index p, and the mapping relationship between the column index l and the time resource / resource set index s, etc., needs to be indicated by the first node to the second node. Specifically, it can be carried in the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) or the System Information Block (SIB) in a broadcast / multicast manner; it can also be carried in the Radio Resource Control (RRC) or the Downlink Control Information (DCI) in a unicast manner; or a combination of the two, using a broadcast message to indicate some common information and a unicast message to indicate another part of the user-specified information for the second node.

[0182] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned first encoding matrix is used to perform phase precoding on the first signal to be transmitted.

[0183] In some embodiments, within a signal accumulation period, each of the transmitting antenna ports repeats transmitting the first signal K times, where K is greater than or equal to N t an integer, N t is the number of transmitting antenna ports used by the first node to transmit the first signal.

[0184] For example: Assume that the number of transmitting antenna ports of the MIMO sensing and communication integrated system is 4, and assume that the STC encoding matrix A of the MIMO sensing / communication integrated signal transmitting device is:

[0185]

[0186] And assume that the rows of the encoding matrix A correspond to different transmitting antenna ports, and the columns correspond to the transmission symbols at different times. Then as Figure 3a shown, the action process of the encoding matrix A in the time-frequency domain includes: within a complete signal accumulation period (encoding / decoding period), the first node needs to transmit at least K = N t= 4th-order signal, and each signal (the first signal within each time resource set) is encoded using a column of matrix A in sequence. The first signals (specifically, the first sequences) of different transmit antenna ports can be different, and the length of the first sequence of each transmit antenna port ≥ 1 and can be flexibly configured.

[0187] In some embodiments, for OFDM where each subcarrier is orthogonal to each other, the MIMO integrated communication and sensing system can combine FDM with the STC to separate the signals on each subcarrier transmitted by each transmit port.

[0188] In some embodiments, the first coding matrix is a phase precoding matrix. At this time, the amplitude difference between the vector elements in the same row vector of the first precoding matrix is less than or equal to a preset threshold. For example: the amplitude of each vector element in the same row vector of the first precoding matrix is equal. At this time, each transmit antenna of the first signal transmits the signal with as constant power as possible.

[0189] It should be noted that if the amplitudes of the elements of the row vectors of the first coding matrix A vary greatly, it is equivalent to amplitude modulation of the first signal during the STC coding process, which means that the transmitting device transmits the signal with non-constant power. And the way of transmitting the signal with constant power for each transmit antenna can simplify the hardware complexity of each transmitting end.

[0190] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources of the first signal include at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0191] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix.

[0192] In this embodiment, the time-frequency resources of the first signal are divided. The first signals of different transmit antenna ports of the time-frequency resources within the same RE or time-frequency RB use the same set of first coding matrix and first decoding matrix, and the first signals of the time-frequency resources in different REs or time-frequency RBs can use different first coding matrix and first decoding matrix.

[0193] For example: if the first signal occupies a certain bandwidth, the first signal can be block-divided in the frequency domain. The first signals of different transmit antenna ports of the same frequency resource within each frequency-domain RB use the same set of STC coding matrix and decoding matrix. The first signals of the frequency resources of different frequency-domain RBs can use different STC coding matrix and decoding matrix.

[0194] It should be noted that when the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are uniquely corresponding, the above precoding configuration information may not include information related to the first decoding matrix, such as the dimension of the first decoding matrix, the type of the first decoding matrix, the first decoding matrix or the index of the first decoding matrix, the rows or columns of the first decoding matrix, etc.

[0195] For example: still taking the above encoding matrix A as an example, assuming that at the second node side Then according to equation (11), it can be obtained that Accordingly, the corresponding decoding matrix C is:

[0196]

[0197] At this time, the decoding matrix C only differs from the encoding matrix A by a coefficient of 1 / N t = 1 / 4 = 0.25. In theory, any full-rank matrix can be used as the STC encoding matrix A, but when the condition number of A is relatively large, the conjugate transpose matrix of the corresponding decoding matrix is likely to become an ill-conditioned matrix. From equation (4), it can be seen that when C H is an ill-conditioned matrix, it will cause the performance of pulse accumulation to decline, and further affect the MIMO sensing performance. If a unitary matrix is used as the encoding matrix, it can be known that if the decoding matrix and the encoding matrix will be exactly the same. In this case, the first node and the second node can agree in advance to use a unitary matrix as the encoding and decoding matrix. At this time, the precoding configuration information can be used to indicate the same unitary matrix or the unitary matrix index to the first node and the second node, further reducing the transmission overhead.

[0198] It should be pointed out that to meet the basic MIMO sensing requirements (that is, after the second node performs matched filtering and signal accumulation, the mutual interference of the signals in each transmission channel is eliminated), it is only required that the matrix is a diagonal matrix. For example, assuming that at the MIMO receiving device side Then the corresponding decoding matrix C is:

[0199]

[0200] From this, it can be seen that to meet the MIMO sensing requirements, for a given STC encoding matrix, the decoding matrix is not unique. However, it should be pointed out that different decoding matrices will cause differences in the magnitudes of the diagonal elements of the matrix Q Nt and reduce the signal-to-noise ratio SCR, and further lead to differences in the performance of MIMO sensing.

[0201] In some embodiments, for MIMO sensing based on STC, by indicating different decoding matrices to the second node, the effect of actively performing fuzzy adjustable processing on the sensing result can be achieved.

[0202] In some other embodiments, only the STC coding matrix A may be indicated to the second node, and the second node may determine the decoding matrix C by itself according to A.

[0203] Taking Table 4 above as an example, the coding matrix indices 0, 1, 2 correspond one-to-one with the MIMO STC coding matrices with the number of transmit antenna ports being 2, 4, and 7.

[0204] A similar mapping method can also be used for the decoding matrix. This mapping relationship is pre-agreed by the transmitting device and the receiving device. After that, the transmitting device (i.e., the first node) only needs to send the matrix index i to the receiving device (i.e., the second node); when it is necessary to separately indicate a certain row of a certain coding matrix, the transmitting device (i.e., the first node) only needs to send the matrix index i and the matrix row index k to the receiving device (i.e., the second node);

[0205] It should be noted that when the number of transmit antennas N actually used for transmitting the first signal t is less than the number of rows of the configured STC coding matrix, the transmitting device may select N t rows from the configured STC coding matrix, and the obtained sub-matrix is used as the STC coding matrix. The corresponding indication can be realized by sending the matrix index i and the matrix row index k. At this time, the conjugate transpose matrix of the corresponding decoding matrix where pinv(·) represents finding the pseudo-inverse of the matrix. Similarly, when it is necessary to separately indicate a certain column of a certain coding matrix, the transmitting device (i.e., the first node) only needs to send the matrix index i and the matrix column index l to the receiving device (i.e., the second node).

[0206] As an optional embodiment, the first information further includes at least one of the following:

[0207] First sequence information, where the first sequence information is parameter information for determining a first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0208] First configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0209] First indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing for obtaining the sensing measurement quantity based on the first signal.

[0210] In some embodiments, the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing-related parameters of the first signal, such as waveform, transmit power, time-frequency resources, etc.

[0211] Optionally, the first configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0212] a) Waveform types, such as OFDM, Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space (OTFS), FMCW, pulse signals, etc.;

[0213] b) Subcarrier spacing. For example, the subcarrier spacing of an OFDM system is 30 kHz;

[0214] c) Guard interval: The time interval between the end of the signal transmission time and the time when the latest echo signal of the signal is received; this parameter is proportional to the maximum sensing distance; for example, it can be calculated by 2d max / c, where d max is the maximum sensing distance (belonging to the sensing requirement). For example, for a self-transmitting and self-receiving sensing signal / reference signal, d max represents the maximum distance from the signal transceiver point to the signal transmission point; in some cases, the cyclic prefix CP of an OFDM signal can act as the minimum guard interval;

[0215] d) Bandwidth. This parameter is inversely proportional to the range resolution and can be obtained by c / (2Δd), where Δd is the range resolution (belonging to the sensing requirement); c is the speed of light;

[0216] e) Data burst duration: This parameter is inversely proportional to the rate resolution (belonging to the sensing requirement). This parameter is the time span of the signal and is mainly used to calculate the Doppler frequency shift; this parameter can be calculated by c / (2f c Δv); where Δv is the velocity resolution; f c is the carrier frequency of the signal;

[0217] f) Time domain interval: This parameter can be calculated by c / (2f c v range ); where v range is the maximum speed minus the minimum speed (belonging to the sensing requirement); this parameter is the time interval between two adjacent signals;

[0218] g) Transmitted signal power, for example, taking values every 2 dBm from -20 dBm to 23 dBm;

[0219] h) Signal format, such as a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), etc., or other predefined signals, as well as information such as related sequence formats;

[0220] i) Signal direction; for example, the direction of the sensing signal / reference signal or beam information;

[0221] j) Time resources, such as the time slot index or symbol index of the time slot where the sensing signal / reference signal is located; among them, time resources are divided into two types. One is a one-time time resource, such as sending an omnidirectional signal in one symbol. The other is a non-one-time time resource, such as multiple sets of periodic time resources or discontinuous time resources (which may include a start time and an end time). Each set of periodic time resources sends a signal in the same direction, and the beam directions on different sets of periodic time resources are different;

[0222] k) Frequency resources, including the center frequency point, bandwidth, RB or subcarrier, reference point (such as the frequency resources of reference node A (Point A)), starting bandwidth position, etc.;

[0223] l) Quasi co-location (QCL) relationship. For example, the signal includes multiple resources, and each resource is QCL with a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel signal block (or synchronization signal block) (SSB). QCL includes Type A, Type B, Type C, or Type D;

[0224] m) Antenna configuration information of at least one of the first node and the second node. The antenna configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0225] i) Antenna element ID or antenna port ID for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal;

[0226] ii) Antenna panel ID + element ID for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal;

[0227] iii) Position information of the antenna element for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal relative to a local reference point on the antenna array (which can be represented by Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) or spherical coordinates represented);

[0228] iv) The position information of the panel for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal relative to a local reference point on the antenna array (which can be represented by Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) or spherical coordinates) and the position information of the antenna elements for transmitting the first signal within these selected panels relative to a unified reference point of the panel (such as the center point of the panel) (which can be represented by Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) or spherical coordinates) ;

[0229] v) The bitmap information of the antenna elements, for example: the bitmap uses "1" to indicate that the element is selected for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal, and "0" to indicate that the element is not selected (it can also be the other way around);

[0230] vi) The bitmap information of the array antenna panel (panel), for example: the bitmap uses "1" to indicate that the panel is selected for transmitting and / or receiving the first signal, and "0" to indicate that the element is not selected (it can also be the other way around). And the bitmap information of the elements within these selected panels;

[0231] vii) The amplitude-phase gain information of the antenna elements, that is, the antenna element pattern information.

[0232] In some embodiments, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0233] The first type, which includes: performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain a sensing measurement; or, performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain sensing data, and performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing on the sensing data to obtain a sensing measurement;

[0234] The second type, which includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement;

[0235] The third type, which includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on the frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement.

[0236] For example: in the case where the first coding matrix is an STC matrix, the above-mentioned first type of signal processing method can be adopted to achieve the purpose of decoding the received signal and separating the first signals transmitted from each transmitting antenna port.

[0237] For another example: when the inner product of the time-domain vectors of the subcarrier signals of the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port in the first coding matrix is 0, the above-mentioned second type or third type of signal processing method can be adopted to achieve the purpose of separating the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port.

[0238] In this embodiment, the first indication information is used to indicate which type of first processing the second node adopts to separate the first signals transmitted by each transmit antenna port, which can improve the suppression performance of the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports at the second node, and further improve the MIMO sensing performance.

[0239] As an optional embodiment, the first node obtains the first information, including:

[0240] The first node obtains at least one of the second information and the third information; wherein, the second information indicates information related to the sensing ability of the second node for receiving the first signal; the third information indicates information related to the first service, and the first service is the service corresponding to MIMO sensing;

[0241] The first node determines the first information according to at least one of the second information and the third information.

[0242] In some embodiments, the capability information of the second node can determine information such as the resolution of the first signal at the second node in at least one of the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain. The first node needs to know this information to perform reasonable MIMO sensing configurations in the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain.

[0243] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0244] 1) The second indication information, which is used to indicate at least one of the following detection capabilities of the second node: the noise floor level (NFL) in the time-delay domain, the NFL in the Doppler domain, the detection dynamic range in the time-delay domain, and the detection dynamic range in the Doppler domain;

[0245] 2) The first resource information, which indicates at least one of the following resources available for the first service of the second node: bandwidth resource, time resource, and antenna resource; the first service is the service corresponding to MIMO sensing.

[0246] Optionally, the bandwidth resources may include the number of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), the number of subcarriers, the number of Resource Elements (REs) in the frequency domain, and the number of Bandwidth Parts (BWPs).

[0247] Optionally, the time resources may include: the number of OFDM frames, the number of OFDM time slots, the number of OFDM symbols, and the number of time-domain resource units.

[0248] Optionally, the antenna resources may include: the number of antenna ports (including the number of antenna ports in the horizontal and vertical directions and the total number of antenna ports), the number of physical antennas (including the number of physical antennas in the horizontal and vertical directions and the total number of physical antennas), and the antenna port index (including the physical antenna index).

[0249] 3) The hardware information of the second node, where the hardware information includes at least one of antenna port information and physical antenna information;

[0250] Optionally, the antenna port information may include: the position coordinates of the equivalent phase center of the antenna port relative to a certain predetermined reference point on the antenna array, the antenna port formation, and the number of physical antennas of the subarray to which the antenna port is connected.

[0251] Optionally, the physical antenna information may include: the position coordinates of the physical antenna relative to a certain predetermined reference point on the antenna array, the physical antenna formation, and the formation of the subarray to which the antenna port is connected. Among them, the formation includes: linear array, planar array, circular array, cylindrical array, L-shaped array, non-uniform array, etc.

[0252] In some embodiments, the third information includes at least one of the following:

[0253] 1) The Quality of Service (QoS) information of the first service;

[0254] Optionally, the perceived QoS may include at least one of the following: the priority of the first service (such as the integrated sensing / communication service), the requirement for the perceived resolution, the requirement for the perceived accuracy or the perceived error + the requirement for the perceived confidence level, the perceived delay budget, the requirement for the maximum perceived range, the requirement for the continuous sensing ability, the requirement for the perceived update frequency, and the available probability of the sensing service.

[0255] For example: The characteristic parameters of the perceived QoS are defined as shown in Table 6 below:

[0256] Table 6

[0257]

[0258]

[0259]

[0260] 2) The first prior information, where the first prior information includes prior information related to the first service;

[0261] The first prior information can also be referred to as perceptual prior information. Optionally, the first prior information includes at least one of the following:

[0262] At least one of the number, size, area, and radar cross section (RCS) of the perceived target;

[0263] The estimated position coordinates of the perceived target provided by the demander of the first service or the sensing network element, or the estimated position range of the perceived target, or the estimated magnitude range of the movement speed of the perceived target, or the estimated movement speed direction of the perceived target;

[0264] The pre-stored map information or obstacle information of the sensing area by the network;

[0265] The initial position probability map of the perceived target in the pre-stored sensing area by the network;

[0266] The state information of the sensing node, where the state information includes at least one of the position coordinates, the orientation of the antenna array, and the moving speed (including the speed magnitude and the speed direction). Among them, the sensing node can include the first node or the second node, or a base station or a UE participating in the first service;

[0267] The new radio (NR) positioning result of the perceived target, where the perceived target can be a UE;

[0268] The first sensing result of a dedicated sensing node or sensor, where the first sensing result includes at least one of the following: the speed, distance, material, shape, 2D image, 3D image, position coordinates, movement trajectory, and micro-Doppler information of the perceived target;

[0269] The channel information between the transmitter and the receiver of the first signal, where the channel information includes at least one of the following: the maximum channel delay, the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, the maximum Doppler shift, and the root mean square Doppler spread.

[0270] 3) The measured values of the historical sensing measurement quantities of the first service;

[0271] The sensing measurement quantities include at least one of the following:

[0272] a) The first-level measurement quantity (received signal / original channel information), including: the complex result of the received signal / channel response, amplitude / phase, I-channel / Q-channel and their operation results (operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, matrix addition, subtraction, multiplication, matrix transpose, trigonometric relation operations, square root operations, power operations, etc., as well as the threshold detection results and maximum / minimum value extraction results of the above operation results; operations also include Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) / Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) / Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT), 2D-FFT, 3D-FFT, matched filtering, autocorrelation operation, wavelet transform, digital filtering, etc., as well as the threshold detection results and maximum / minimum value extraction results of the above operation results);

[0273] b) The second-level measurement quantity (basic measurement quantity), including: time delay, Doppler, angle, intensity, and their multi-dimensional combined representation;

[0274] c) The third-level measurement quantity (basic attribute / status), including: distance, speed, orientation, spatial position, acceleration;

[0275] d) The fourth-level measurement quantity (advanced attribute / status), including: whether the target exists, trajectory, action, expression, vital signs, quantity, imaging result, weather, air quality, shape, material, composition.

[0276] The perception measurement result can be the measurement value of the above perception measurement quantity, or the measurement result obtained through further operations (including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, or according to a certain predetermined function). The perception measurement result can also be the measurement value of at least one of the above perception measurement quantities.

[0277] 4) The historical perception result of the first service;

[0278] Optionally, the historical perception result of the first service may include the perception results of the same perception target or perception area within a historical time period.

[0279] 5) The historical perception performance evaluation index of the first service;

[0280] Optionally, the perception performance evaluation index can be calculated based on the perception measurement quantity, including at least one of the following:

[0281] a) Perceived SNR, that is, the ratio of the energy of the perceived signal reflected by the perceived object or perceived area to the energy of the noise signal in the environment and the device;

[0282] b) The perceived Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), which is the ratio of the energy of the perceived signal reflected by the perceived object or perceived area to the sum of the energies of the interference signal and the noise signal in the environment and the device;

[0283] c) The statistical mean, standard deviation or variance of the results of multiple measurements of the same type of perception measurement quantity;

[0284] d) The deviation between the predicted value and the actual measured value of the perception measurement quantity or perception result, and the statistical mean, standard deviation or variance of the deviation;

[0285] e) Evaluation indicators related to the Ambiguity Function, including the Normalized Sidelobe Level (NSL), which is the height of the highest sidelobe of the normalized ambiguity function; or the ratio of the main lobe to the highest sidelobe of the ambiguity function (it can also be the ratio of the highest sidelobe to the main lobe); In addition, it can also include the number of normalized ambiguity function sidelobes with peak higher than a given threshold, the total power or total energy, and the main lobe width (3dB width) of the ambiguity function, etc.;

[0286] f) The Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB), which is the lowest variance that all unbiased estimators can achieve and is mathematically equal to the reciprocal of the Fisher information. This evaluation indicator is related to the perceived SNR;

[0287] h) The Capacity-Distortion Tradeoff, which quantitatively gives the maximum achievable rate of reliable transmission of the integrated communication and sensing system under a given distortion constraint;

[0288] i) The Equivalent-MSE, which converts the spectral efficiency of communication into an equivalent radar mean square error and is comprehensively calculated by combining the perceived Cramér-Rao lower bound;

[0289] j) The Estimation-Communication Rate, which regards the sensing channel as a non-cooperative communication channel, and the mutual information between the sensing system and the target is the estimation rate;

[0290] k) The Welch Bound;

[0291] l) Perceptible reproducible evaluation metrics (such as the sum of Euclidean distances between two consecutive sequence samples, or the warping path distance in Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), or other metrics that can reflect the similarity between two sequences, including but not limited to: Longest Common Subsequence (LCSS), Edit Distance on Real Sequences (EDR), Edit Distance with Real Penalty (ERP), Hausdorff Distance, Fréchet Distance, One Way Distance (OWD), Locality In-between Polylines (LIP), etc.);

[0292] m) The calculation results obtained by performing any at least one operation of addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division on any at least two of the above-mentioned metrics such as perceptible SNR, perceptible SINR, and Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB).

[0293] It is worth noting that based on the measured values of the above-mentioned perceptible performance evaluation metrics, the quality of perceptible performance can be reflected.

[0294] 6) The communication QoS information related to the first signal;

[0295] 7) Second configuration information, which is used to configure the communication parameters of the first signal;

[0296] Among them, the second configuration information can be called communication parameter configuration information.

[0297] In some embodiments, the first signal may be a communication signal carrying communication information. At this time, the first signal also needs to meet the second configuration information or communication QoS information. Determining the first information according to the communication parameter configuration information or communication QoS information of the first signal can make the first signal compatible with MIMO perception configuration and communication configuration.

[0298] 8) Fifth information, which includes at least one of the following:

[0299] a) A first identifier, which is used to identify the perception area;

[0300] The perception area is the target area to be perceived, which can be pre-divided and includes:

[0301] i) The coverage areas (cells) of multiple base stations form a sensing area, which is associated with a sensing area identifier n areaID , such as Figure 4a shown. Each hexagonal area represents the coverage area of a base station, and the areas with the same filling represent the same sensing area. In particular, the RAN-based notification area (RNA) can be used as a sensing area, and the RNA ID can be used as the first identifier.

[0302] ii) The coverage area (cell) of a single base station contains multiple sensing areas, which are associated with multiple second identifiers. For example, with the base station as the origin, its coverage range is rasterized into multiple sensing areas, and each sensing area is associated with an area ID (second identifier) denoted as n areaID , such as Figure 4b shown. The dotted line represents the coverage area of the base station, and each square represents the divided sensing area.

[0303] iii) It can also be directly using a geographical area identifier such as longitude and latitude or coordinate position that has nothing to do with the base station position to generate the area ID n areaID . Among them, n areaID is the first identifier.

[0304] iv) It can also be that different angular ranges relative to the base station are associated with different area IDs n areaID , for example, the azimuth angle x1° to x2° and the elevation angle y1° to y2° correspond to the sensing area ID1. Among them, n areaID is the first identifier.

[0305] It is worth noting that when multiple first nodes jointly sense the same sensing area, the multiple first nodes use a common area ID to generate sensing signals. Optionally, the generation parameters of the sensing signal are independent of the cell identifier or the UE identifier, that is, different first nodes can use the same sensing signal generation parameters, which is convenient for further constructing code-division orthogonal sensing signals (for example: first generate the first sensing signal based on the same generation parameters, and different first nodes use the same first sensing signal and different orthogonal cover code (OCC) sequences to generate mutually orthogonal second sensing signals for sensing measurement). The second node can obtain the sensing signal based on the same sensing signal generation parameters and the code-division orthogonal method and perform measurement, reducing the interference between signals of different devices and being able to reduce the signaling overhead and improve the measurement efficiency.

[0306] b) The second identifier, which is used to identify the first service, or the type of the first service, or whether it is used for sensing, or the sensing measurement quantity;

[0307] The second identifier is generated based on a second identifier indicating whether it is for sensing, or a specific sensing service identifier, or a sensing service type identifier, or a sensing measurement quantity identifier, and includes:

[0308] i) Generate the second identifier based on the identifier indicating whether it is for sensing. For example, assume the second identifier is n sensingID , when it is not for sensing, n sensingID = 0; when it is for sensing, n sensingID = 1.

[0309] ii) Determine the second identifier based on the specific sensing service identifier. For example, different sensing services correspond to different sensing service IDs n sensingID , for example: The sensing service can indicate the following content:

[0310] Detecting whether a target exists, positioning, speed detection, distance detection, angle detection, acceleration detection, material analysis, component analysis, shape detection, category classification, radar cross section (RCS) detection, polarization scattering characteristic detection, fall detection, intrusion detection, quantity statistics, indoor positioning, gesture recognition, lip reading recognition, gait recognition, expression recognition, face recognition, respiration monitoring, heart rate monitoring, pulse monitoring, humidity / brightness / temperature / atmospheric pressure monitoring, air quality monitoring, weather condition monitoring, environment reconstruction, terrain and landform, building / vegetation distribution detection, pedestrian or vehicle flow detection, crowd density, vehicle density detection, etc.

[0311] iii) The second identifier can also be an identifier of the sensing service type, and different categories correspond to different sensing service IDs n sensingID , for example: Divide the sensing function or service type into the following sensing service types according to the scope and scale:

[0312] The first category (close range / small scale): material analysis, component analysis, gesture recognition, lip reading recognition, gait recognition, expression recognition, face recognition, respiration monitoring, heart rate monitoring, pulse monitoring, etc.;

[0313] The second category (medium range / medium scale): intrusion detection, quantity statistics, indoor positioning, etc.;

[0314] The third category (long range / large scale): humidity / brightness / temperature / atmospheric pressure monitoring, air quality monitoring, weather condition monitoring, environment reconstruction, terrain and landform, building / vegetation distribution detection, pedestrian or vehicle flow detection, etc.

[0315] In some other embodiments, other classification criteria can also be used. For example, the sensing service types can be divided according to functions, such as positioning - type sensing, imaging - type sensing, pattern - recognition - type sensing, etc. Or, the sensing service types can be divided according to power consumption / energy consumption, or according to resource occupancy, etc.

[0316] c) A third identifier, which is used to identify the sensing target, such as a sensing target identifier or a label (Tag) identifier associated with the sensing target;

[0317] Optionally, the third identifier can include at least one of the following:

[0318] i) The identifier of the sensing target obtained by the signal - sending device. Different sensing targets correspond to different sensing target IDs n targetID , where the determination of the sensing target can be based on prior information obtained from existing measurement results. For example, base station A sends a sensing measurement signal through an omnidirectional beam for preliminary measurement, base station A obtains a range - Doppler map (or a range - angle map, etc.), determines the number of targets according to the range - Doppler map, and assigns an ID to each target; or, base station A sends a sensing measurement signal through an omnidirectional beam for preliminary measurement, the receiving device (such as another base station or a terminal) obtains a range - Doppler map (or a range - angle map, etc.), determines the number of targets according to the range - Doppler map, and assigns an ID to each target, and then notifies the target ID and / or target - related information to the sending base station. After the signal - sending device determines the ID of each target, it generates signals for sensing different targets according to different target IDs, and these sensing signals are sent using different beams, and the beam directions point to the sensing targets associated with the target IDs;

[0319] ii) The sensing target is equipped with a Tag, and different Tags are associated with different Tag IDs. The sending device obtains the Tag ID corresponding to the target, and then obtains the signals for sensing different sensing targets. The Tag can be a device that supports backscatter communication, and its excitation source can be a device other than the tag, or the excitation source is the tag itself. It can also be a UE, that is, a general transceiver module is installed on the sensing target. For example, a communication device such as a vehicle terminal is installed on a car.

[0320] iii) The identifier of the sensing target type. Different types correspond to different sensing target IDs. For example, they are divided into stationary targets and moving targets, and the latter can be further divided into high - speed targets and low - speed targets. Different types of targets correspond to different n targetID .

[0321] d) A fourth identifier, which is used to identify the sensing measurement quantity;

[0322] In some embodiments, a sensing signal may be generated based on a measurement quantity identifier. For example, the association relationship between at least one of the sensed measurement quantities and the measurement quantity identifier is shown in Table 8 below:

[0323] Table 8

[0324] Perceived measurement quantity ID Perceived measurement quantity ID1 Time delay / distance ID2 Doppler / velocity ID3 Angle ID4 Time delay / distance, Doppler / velocity ID5 Time delay / distance, Doppler / velocity, angle … …

[0325] e) A fifth identifier, which is used to identify the device participating in the sensing measurement, such as a cell identifier or a terminal identifier (for example: Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI));

[0326] f) Time-domain resource information, such as a radio frame index, a subframe index, a slot index, a symbol index, a duration, a time-domain density, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) type, a CP length, and may also be a coherent processing time window index;

[0327] g) Frequency-domain resource information, such as a Resource Element (RE) index, a Resource Block (RB) index, a frequency point information, a frequency band information, a bandwidth, a frequency-domain density, a subcarrier spacing.

[0328] In addition, at least one of the above time-domain resource information or frequency-domain resource information may be identified by introducing at least one of a sensing resource block index, a port index, an antenna index, or a codeword index, where the sensing resource block includes a plurality of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) and a plurality of time slots / symbols, that is, includes specific time-frequency domain resources (for example, the frequency-domain resource length and the time-domain resource length corresponding to the range-Doppler map obtained by performing a two-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) operation).

[0329] Optionally, the transmission path of the second information may include at least one of the following:

[0330] Sent from the second node to the first node;

[0331] Sent from the second node to the first device, and then sent from the first device to the first node;

[0332] Sent from the first device to the first node.

[0333] In this embodiment, the first node may determine the first information based on the information obtained in advance. For example, the first information is determined according to the capability information of the second node, the requirement information of MIMO sensing, or the prior information obtained in advance, etc.

[0334] It is worth noting that when the first node determines the first information based on the second information and the third information, the first node needs to send the first information to the second node, so that the second node can thereby obtain the configuration information of the first signal, and thus can implement processes such as receiving, decoding, and MIMO sensing of the first signal.

[0335] For example: The first node determines the first signal transmitted by each transmit antenna port according to the first information, and the precoding of the first signal to be transmitted. The second node receives the first signal reflected by the sensing target and decodes the first signal to obtain the measured value of the sensing measurement quantity. Thereafter, at least one of the first node, the second node, or the first device can compare the measured value of the sensing measurement quantity of the received first signal with the first signal transmitted by each transmit antenna port determined based on the first information to obtain at least one of the sensing result and the measured value of the sensing performance evaluation index.

[0336] As another optional implementation manner, the first node obtaining the first information includes:

[0337] The first node receives the first information from the first device, where the first device includes a core network element for the first service, and the first service is the service corresponding to MIMO sensing.

[0338] In this implementation manner, the first device determines the first information. At this time, the first node and the second node can respectively obtain the first information determined by the first device.

[0339] Optionally, the second node can obtain the first information through at least one of the following methods:

[0340] Sent from the first node to the second node;

[0341] Sent from the first node to the first device, and then sent from the first device to the second node;

[0342] Sent from the first device to the second node;

[0343] Sent from the first device to the first node, and then sent from the first node to the second node.

[0344] As an optional implementation manner, the method further includes:

[0345] The first node receives the fourth information from the second node. The fourth information is determined based on the MIMO sensing of the first signal, and the fourth information includes at least one of the following: the measured value of the sensing measurement quantity, the measured value of the sensing performance evaluation index, and the sensing result.

[0346] In some embodiments, the first node may directly or indirectly receive the fourth information of the second node. For example, the first node may obtain the fourth information through at least one of the following methods:

[0347] The second node sends at least one of the sensed measurement value, the sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and the sensed result to the first node;

[0348] The second node sends at least one of the sensed measurement value, the sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and the sensed result to the first device;

[0349] The second node sends at least one of the sensed measurement value, the sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and the sensed result to the first node, and the first node sends at least one of the sensed measurement value, the sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and the sensed result to the first device.

[0350] In this embodiment, the first node may obtain the fourth information sent by the second node. At this time, subsequent processing may be performed on the fourth information, such as calculating at least one of the sensed result and the sensed performance evaluation index measurement value based on the sensed measurement value, and forwarding the fourth information to the first device for subsequent processing by the first device.

[0351] As an alternative embodiment, the method further includes:

[0352] The first node updates the first information according to the fourth information;

[0353] The first node precodes the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports according to the updated first information.

[0354] In some embodiments, the first information may be adjusted according to the above-mentioned sensed performance evaluation index measurement value.

[0355] Optionally, the sensed performance evaluation index measurement value includes SCR.

[0356] For example: when the sensed performance evaluation index measurement value obtained based on the old first information indicates that the SCR of the first signal is low, at least one of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix may be changed to improve the SCR of the first signal.

[0357] Among them, the calculation method of SCR is:

[0358]

[0359] Among them, R p And its element R m,n (p) The calculation method can refer to Equation (5) and Equation (6);

[0360] When the mutual interference between each transmitting antenna port is eliminated, that is, when the equation (11) is satisfied, the maximum SCR can be obtained. At this time, the maximum SCR ρ can be calculated based on the following formula SCR :

[0361]

[0362] After that, based on the above calculation method, the second node reports the calculated ρ SCR as a measurement value of the sensing performance evaluation index to at least one of the first node and the first device, and the latter can update at least one item in the first information based on ρ SCR where the strategy for updating the first information can be to update at least one item in the first information with the goal of reducing ρ SCR For the purpose of reducing ρ, at least one item in the first information is updated.

[0363] Of course, the first information can also be dynamically adjusted according to at least one of the measurement value of the sensing measurement quantity and the sensing result, so that the measurement value of the sensing measurement quantity and the sensing result are more accurate, which will not be elaborated here.

[0364] In this embodiment, after updating the first information according to the fourth information, the accuracy of the measurement value of the sensing measurement quantity and the sensing result obtained based on the updated first information can be gradually improved.

[0365] In some embodiments, when the first information includes precoding configuration information:

[0366] The rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions; or,

[0367] The columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signal, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions.

[0368] For the sake of convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, an example is given in which the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmitting antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions, which does not constitute a specific limitation here.

[0369] As an alternative embodiment, the embodiments of the present application can be applicable to the case where the number of first nodes is greater than 1. In this case, if MIMO perception / communication-sensing integration is performed between each transceiver node pair (i.e., a node pair composed of a sending node and a receiving node), the transmitting antenna ports of different transceiver node pairs transmit orthogonal first signals. For example, signal orthogonality can be achieved through TDM, FDM, or CDM, or it can be achieved using signal sequences with relatively low cross-correlation (such as ZCZ sequences), or the STC method described in the present application can also be used to suppress the cross-correlation of the first signals between different transceiver node pairs; for the elimination of signal mutual interference between each first node, since the time-frequency resources of the transmitted signals between them may also be the same, STC can also be used at this time to eliminate the signal mutual interference between different first nodes. Specifically, the first device indicates to multiple first nodes the row vectors or row vector indices of the STC coding matrix, as well as the mapping relationship between the row vector or row vector index and the transmitting antenna port index of the first node. In other words, at this time, multiple first nodes use different row vectors of the same STC coding matrix for coding, and the different transmitting antenna ports of each first node use the same coding, that is, the mapping relationship associates the row vector index with all the transmitting antenna port indices on the same first node.

[0370] In the embodiments of the present application, the first node obtains the configuration information of the first signal, and accordingly precodes the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, so as to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different said transmitting antenna ports in a precoding manner. In this way, the mutual interference of each TX-RX subchannel can be suppressed through precoding, so that the first signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port only need to satisfy good auto-correlation to achieve MIMO perception based on the first signal. Compared with the related art where the signals transmitted by each transmitting antenna port need to be orthogonal, the requirements for the time-frequency resources used to transmit the first signal can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the time-frequency resources used to transmit the first signal can be improved.

[0371] Please refer to Figure 5 , another MIMO perception method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject of which can include a second node. As Figure 5 shown, this MIMO perception method includes the following steps:

[0372] Step 501, the second node obtains first information, where the first information includes the precoding configuration information of the first signal.

[0373] Step 502: The second node performs first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein, the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the precoding based on the first information suppresses the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement value, sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, sensed result.

[0374] In some embodiments, the second node may adopt the method of time-domain matched filtering and signal energy accumulation to separate the first signals transmitted through different transmitting antenna ports, so as to implement the MIMO sensing function. At this time, the first processing includes time-domain matched filtering and signal energy accumulation processing.

[0375] Wherein, the first information, the fourth information, and the first signal respectively have the same meanings and functions as the first information, the fourth information, and the first signal in the method embodiment on the first node side, and the decoding in the embodiment of the present application is the inverse processing process corresponding to the precoding in the method embodiment on the first node side, which will not be elaborated here.

[0376] In the embodiment of the present application, it corresponds to the method embodiment on the first node side. Among them, the method embodiment on the first node side is that the first node performs precoding on the first signal that needs to be transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports based on the first information, as Figure 5 The shown method embodiment is that the second node performs first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports based on the first information. The two are combined with each other to jointly implement the MIMO sensing function.

[0377] In some embodiments, the precoding configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0378] The dimension of the first coding matrix;

[0379] The type of the first coding matrix;

[0380] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, wherein the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0381] The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0382] At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0383] At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0384] The first association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of a row vector in the first coding matrix and the transmit antenna port index of the first node for transmitting the first signal;

[0385] The second association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of a column vector in the first coding matrix and the time domain resource or the resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0386] The third association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency domain resource or the resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0387] The fourth association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and the physical transmit antenna or the physical transmit antenna set index of the first node;

[0388] The fifth association relationship, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to transmit the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0389] The dimension of the first decoding matrix;

[0390] The type of the first decoding matrix;

[0391] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first decoding matrix;

[0392] The first decoding matrix or the index of the first decoding matrix;

[0393] At least one row of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first decoding matrix;

[0394] At least one column of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first decoding matrix;

[0395] Wherein, the first coding matrix is used to precode the first signal that needs to be transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, and the first decoding matrix is used to decode the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports.

[0396] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the decoding matrix corresponding to the first encoding matrix is not unique. At this time, the second node needs to obtain decoding-related information, such as the dimension of the first decoding matrix, the type of the first decoding matrix, the initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, the first decoding matrix or the index of the first decoding matrix, at least one row of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first decoding matrix, at least one column of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first decoding matrix, etc. In this way, the second node can decode the first signal according to the decoding-related information.

[0397] Optionally, the first information further includes at least one of the following:

[0398] First sequence information, where the first sequence information is parameter information for determining a first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used by the first signal;

[0399] First configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0400] First indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing for obtaining the sensing measurement based on the first signal.

[0401] Optionally, the second node obtaining the first information includes:

[0402] The second node receives the first information from at least one of the first device and the first node, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, the first service is the service corresponding to MIMO sensing, and the first node includes the transmitting end device of the first signal.

[0403] Optionally, before the second node receives the first information from at least one of the first device and the first node, the method further includes:

[0404] The second node sends second information to at least one of the first device and the first node, and the second information indicates information related to the sensing ability of the second node.

[0405] In this embodiment, the second node sends the second information to at least one of the first device and the first node, so that at least one of the first device and the first node can determine the first information according to the second information and the obtained third information.

[0406] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0407] The second node sends the fourth information to at least one of the first node and the first device.

[0408] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0409] The second node receives the updated first information from at least one of the first node and the first device;

[0410] The second node performs first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports according to the updated first information, and obtains updated fourth information.

[0411] Optionally, the measured value of the sensing performance evaluation index includes the signal clutter ratio SCR.

[0412] In this embodiment, the second node may calculate the SCR based on the measured value of the first signal, so as to reflect the degree of interference of the first signal by the clutter signal through the SCR.

[0413] Optionally, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0414] The first type, the first type includes: performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain a sensing measurement quantity; or, performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain sensing data, and performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing on the sensing data to obtain a sensing measurement quantity;

[0415] The second type, the second type includes: obtaining a frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement quantity;

[0416] The third type, the third type includes: obtaining a frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement quantity.

[0417] In this embodiment, the second node may perform corresponding processing on the first signal based on the type of the first processing indicated in the first information, so as to implement the decoding process of the first signal.

[0418] Optionally, the first information is used to configure the first matrix as a diagonal matrix, and the first matrix is:

[0419]

[0420] Wherein, j is the symbol index of the first signal; K is the number of repeated transmissions of the first signal within a signal accumulation period; p is the delay index of the received signal during receiver matched filtering, the value range of p is [1 - P, P - 1], and p is not equal to 0, P is the total number of time domain symbols of the first signal; R p is the signal correlation matrix with a delay of p; is the summation matrix of the precoding matrices of the first signal from the j-th symbol to the j + K - 1-th symbol; is the summation matrix of the decoding matrices of the first signal from the j-th symbol to the j + K - 1-th symbol; ⊙ represents the Hadamard product.

[0421] Optionally, the time-frequency resources of the first signal include at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0422] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix.

[0423] Optionally, at least one of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix satisfies at least one of the following:

[0424] The product matrix of the first coding matrix and the conjugate matrix of the first decoding matrix is a diagonal matrix;

[0425] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are full-rank matrices;

[0426] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are unitary matrices;

[0427] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Hadamard matrices;

[0428] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Kronecker products of unitary matrices.

[0429] In the embodiments of the present application, the steps executed by the second node correspond to the steps executed by the first node in the method embodiments of the first node side, and the two cooperate with each other to jointly achieve suppressing the mutual correlation between different transmit antenna ports by precoding, which can relax the requirements for the resources of the first signal, and while improving the resource utilization rate of the first signal, can also improve the MIMO sensing performance.

[0430] For the convenience of understanding the MIMO sensing process of the embodiments of the present application, taking the following process as an example, the interaction process among the first node, the second node and the first device in the embodiments of the present application is used as an example to illustrate the MIMO sensing process of the embodiments of the present application:

[0431] Step 1: At least one of the first node and the first device obtains second information.

[0432] Wherein, the second information has the same meaning as the second information in the above method embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0433] Optionally, the transmission path of the second information may include at least one of the following:

[0434] Sent from the second node to the first node;

[0435] Sent from the second node to the first device, and then sent from the first device to the first node;

[0436] Sent from the first device to the first node.

[0437] Optionally, at least one of the first node and the first device obtains third information.

[0438] Wherein, the third information has the same meaning as the third information in the above method embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0439] Step 2: At least one of the first node and the first device determines first information according to at least one of the second information and the third information.

[0440] Wherein, the first information has the same meaning as the first information in the above method embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0441] Step 3: The second node obtains the first information.

[0442] In this step, the manner in which the second node obtains the first information may include at least one of the following:

[0443] Sent from the first node to the second node;

[0444] Sent from the first node to the first device, and then sent from the first device to the second node;

[0445] Sent from the first device to the second node;

[0446] Sent from the first device to the first node, and then sent from the first node to the second node.

[0447] Step 4: The first node sends a first signal according to the first information, the second node receives the first signal according to the first information, and obtains at least one of a sensed measurement value, a sensed performance evaluation index measurement value, and a sensed result based on the received first signal.

[0448] It should be noted that in this step, before the first node sends the first signal, it performs STC on the first signal based on the precoding-related information in the first information. In addition, after the second node receives the first signal, it decodes the first signal based on the precoding or decoding-related information in the first information, and obtains at least one of the measured values of the sensing measurement quantity, the measured values of the sensing performance evaluation index, and the sensing result based on the decoded data.

[0449] Optionally, the second node may send at least one of the measured values of the sensing measurement quantity, the measured values of the sensing performance evaluation index, and the sensing result. For example, the second node sends at least one of the measured values of the sensing measurement quantity, the measured values of the sensing performance evaluation index, and the sensing result in the following manner:

[0450] The second node sends at least one of the measured values of the sensing measurement quantity, the measured values of the sensing performance evaluation index, and the sensing result to the first node;

[0451] The second node sends at least one of the measured values of the sensing measurement quantity, the measured values of the sensing performance evaluation index, and the sensing result to the first device;

[0452] The second node sends at least one of the measured values of the sensing measurement quantity, the measured values of the sensing performance evaluation index, and the sensing result to the first node, and the first node sends at least one of the measured values of the sensing measurement quantity, the measured values of the sensing performance evaluation index, and the sensing result to the first device.

[0453] Step 5. Optionally, at least one of the first node and the first device updates the first information based on at least one of the obtained measured values of the sensing measurement quantity, the measured values of the sensing performance evaluation index, and the sensing result, and the first node and the second node re-execute steps 3 and 4 based on the updated first information.

[0454] In the MIMO sensing method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject may be a MIMO sensing device. In the embodiments of the present application, taking the MIMO sensing device executing the MIMO sensing method as an example, the MIMO sensing device provided by the embodiments of the present application is described.

[0455] Referring to Figure 6 , the embodiments of the present application further provide a MIMO sensing device, which is applied to the first node. As Figure 6 shown, the MIMO sensing device 600 includes:

[0456] A first acquisition module 601, configured to acquire first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0457] The first precoding module 602 is configured to precode a first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the precoding is used to suppress the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different ones of the transmit antenna ports.

[0458] Optionally, the precoding includes space-time coding STC, and the first information includes precoding configuration information.

[0459] Optionally, the precoding configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0460] The dimension of the first coding matrix;

[0461] The type of the first coding matrix;

[0462] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0463] The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0464] At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0465] At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0466] The first association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the transmit antenna port index of the first node;

[0467] The second association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time-domain resource or resource set index of the first node transmitting the first signal;

[0468] The third association information, used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency-domain resource or resource set index of the first node transmitting the first signal;

[0469] The fourth association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and the physical transmit antenna or physical transmit antenna set index of the first node;

[0470] The fifth association relationship is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector, and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to send the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0471] The dimension of the first decoding matrix;

[0472] The type of the first decoding matrix;

[0473] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first decoding matrix;

[0474] The first decoding matrix or the index of the first decoding matrix;

[0475] At least one row of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first decoding matrix;

[0476] At least one column of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first decoding matrix;

[0477] Wherein, the first coding matrix is used to precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, and the first decoding matrix is used to decode the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports.

[0478] Optionally, the first information further includes at least one of the following:

[0479] The first sequence information, where the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0480] The first configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0481] The first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing adopted to obtain the sensing measurement quantity based on the first signal.

[0482] Optionally, the first obtaining module 601 is specifically configured to:

[0483] Receive the first information from the first device, where the first device includes a core network element for the first service, and the first service is the service corresponding to MIMO sensing.

[0484] Optionally, the first obtaining module 601 includes:

[0485] A first obtaining unit, configured to obtain at least one of second information and third information; wherein, the second information indicates information related to the sensing ability of a second node for receiving the first signal; the third information indicates information related to a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing.

[0486] A first determining unit, configured to determine the first information according to at least one of the second information and the third information.

[0487] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 600 further includes:

[0488] A first sending module, configured to send the first information to a second node, where the second node is used to receive the first signal.

[0489] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 600 further includes:

[0490] A first receiving module, configured to receive fourth information from a second node, where the fourth information is determined based on MIMO sensing of the first signal, and the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a measured value of a sensing measurement quantity, a measured value of a sensing performance evaluation index, and a sensing result.

[0491] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 600 further includes:

[0492] An updating module, configured to update the first information according to the fourth information;

[0493] A second precoding module, configured to perform precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports according to the updated first information.

[0494] Optionally, the measured value of the sensing performance evaluation index includes a signal-to-clutter ratio SCR.

[0495] Optionally, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0496] A first type, where the first type includes: performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain a sensing measurement quantity; or, performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain sensing data, and performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing on the sensing data to obtain a sensing measurement quantity;

[0497] A second type, where the second type includes: obtaining a frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement quantity;

[0498] The third type, which includes: obtaining the frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal through frequency-domain conjugate dot product, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain the sensing measurement quantity.

[0499] Optionally, within one signal accumulation period, each of the transmit antenna ports repeats transmitting the first signal K times, where K is greater than or equal to N t which is an integer, and N t is the number of transmit antenna ports used by the first node to transmit the first signal.

[0500] Optionally, when the first information includes precoding configuration information:

[0501] The rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions; or,

[0502] The columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions.

[0503] Optionally, the first information is used to configure the first matrix as a diagonal matrix, and the first matrix is:

[0504]

[0505] where j is the symbol index of the first signal; K is the number of repeated transmissions of the first signal within one signal accumulation period; p is the delay index of the received signal during receiver matched filtering, and the value range of p is [1 - P, P - 1], and p is not equal to 0, and P is the total number of time-domain symbols of the first signal; R p is the signal correlation matrix with delay p; is the summation matrix of the precoding matrices of the first signal within the j-th symbol to the j + K - 1-th symbol; is the summation matrix of the decoding matrices of the first signal within the j-th symbol to the j + K - 1-th symbol; ⊙ represents the Hadamard product.

[0506] Optionally, the time-frequency resources of the first signal include at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0507] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix.

[0508] Optionally, at least one of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix satisfies at least one of the following:

[0509] The product matrix of the first encoding matrix and the conjugate matrix of the first decoding matrix is a diagonal matrix;

[0510] The types of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are full-rank matrices;

[0511] The types of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are unitary matrices;

[0512] The types of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Hadamard matrices;

[0513] The types of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Kronecker products of unitary matrices.

[0514] The MIMO sensing device provided by the embodiments of this application can implement each process in the method embodiments on the first node side and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described here again.

[0515] Referring to Figure 7 , the embodiments of this application also provide a MIMO sensing device, which is applied to a second node. As Figure 7 shown, the MIMO sensing device 700 includes:

[0516] A second acquisition module 701, configured to acquire first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0517] A first processing module 702, configured to perform first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein, the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the precoding based on the first information suppresses the cross-correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement values, sensed performance evaluation index measurement values, and sensed results.

[0518] Optionally, the precoding configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0519] The dimension of the first encoding matrix;

[0520] The type of the first encoding matrix;

[0521] An initial second-order Hadamard matrix or an index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first encoding matrix;

[0522] The first encoding matrix or an index of the first encoding matrix;

[0523] At least one row of the first encoding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first encoding matrix;

[0524] At least one column of the first encoding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first encoding matrix;

[0525] First association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of a row vector in the first encoding matrix and the transmit antenna port index of the first node for transmitting the first signal;

[0526] Second association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of a column vector in the first encoding matrix and the time domain resource or resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0527] Third association information, used to indicate the association relationship between the first encoding matrix or the index of the first encoding matrix and the frequency domain resource or resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0528] Fourth association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first encoding matrix and the physical transmit antenna or physical transmit antenna set index of the first node;

[0529] Fifth association relationship, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first encoding matrix and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to transmit the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0530] The dimension of the first decoding matrix;

[0531] The type of the first decoding matrix;

[0532] Initial 2-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial 2-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first decoding matrix;

[0533] The first decoding matrix or the index of the first decoding matrix;

[0534] At least one row of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first decoding matrix;

[0535] At least one column of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first decoding matrix;

[0536] Among them, the first encoding matrix is used to precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, and the first decoding matrix is used to decode the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports.

[0537] Optionally, the first information further includes at least one of the following:

[0538] First sequence information, which is parameter information for determining a first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0539] First configuration information, which is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0540] First indication information, which is used to indicate the type of the first processing used to obtain the sensing measurement based on the first signal.

[0541] Optionally, the second obtaining module 701 is specifically configured to:

[0542] Receive first information from at least one of a first device and a first node, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing, and the first node includes a transmitting end device of the first signal.

[0543] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 700 further includes:

[0544] A second transmitting module, configured to transmit second information to at least one of the first device and the first node, where the second information indicates information related to the sensing capability of the second node.

[0545] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 700 further includes:

[0546] A third transmitting module, configured to transmit the fourth information to at least one of the first node and the first device.

[0547] Optionally, the MIMO sensing device 700 further includes:

[0548] A second receiving module, configured to receive the updated first information from at least one of the first node and the first device;

[0549] A second processing module, configured to perform first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports according to the updated first information to obtain updated fourth information.

[0550] Optionally, the measured value of the sensing performance evaluation index includes the signal-to-clutter ratio SCR.

[0551] Optionally, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0552] The first type, where the first type includes: performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain a sensing measurement quantity; or, performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain sensing data, and performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing on the sensing data to obtain a sensing measurement quantity;

[0553] The second type, where the second type includes: obtaining a frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement quantity;

[0554] The third type, where the third type includes: obtaining a frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement quantity.

[0555] Optionally, the first information is used to configure a first matrix as a diagonal matrix, and the first matrix is:

[0556]

[0557] where j is the symbol index of the first signal; K is the number of repeated transmissions of the first signal within a signal accumulation period; p is the delay index of the received signal during receiver matched filtering, the value range of p is [1 - P, P - 1], and p is not equal to 0, and P is the total number of time-domain symbols of the first signal; R p is the signal correlation matrix with delay p; is the summation matrix of the precoding matrices of the first signal from the jth symbol to the j + K - 1th symbol; is the summation matrix of the decoding matrices of the first signal from the jth symbol to the j + K - 1th symbol; ⊙ represents the Hadamard product.

[0558] Optionally, the time-frequency resource of the first signal includes at least one resource element (RE), or a time-frequency resource block (RB) composed of REs;

[0559] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix.

[0560] Optionally, at least one of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix satisfies at least one of the following:

[0561] The product matrix of the first encoding matrix and the conjugate matrix of the first decoding matrix is a diagonal matrix;

[0562] The types of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are full-rank matrices;

[0563] The types of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are unitary matrices;

[0564] The types of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Hadamard matrices;

[0565] The types of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Kronecker products of unitary matrices.

[0566] The MIMO sensing device provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement each process in the method embodiments on the second node side and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0567] Optionally, as Figure 8 shown, the embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device 800, including a processor 801 and a memory 802. A program or instruction that can run on the processor 801 is stored on the memory 802. For example, when the communication device 800 is used as the first node, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 801, it implements each step of the foregoing method embodiments on the first node side and can achieve the same technical effects; when the communication device 800 is used as the second node, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 801, it implements each step of the foregoing method embodiments on the second node side and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0568] The embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device, including a processor and a communication interface;

[0569] When the communication device is used as the first node, the communication interface is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the processor is used to perform time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding on the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding is used to suppress the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports; or,

[0570] When the communication device serves as the second node, the communication interface is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal; the processor is used to perform first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein, the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports of a first node, and the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports is suppressed based on time-domain, space-domain, and frequency-domain precoding of the first information; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement values, sensed performance evaluation index measurement values, and sensed results.

[0571] This embodiment of the communication device corresponds to the foregoing embodiments of the MIMO sensing method on the first node side and the second node side. Each implementation process and implementation manner of the foregoing method embodiments can be applied to this embodiment of the communication device and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0572] Specifically, Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal for implementing an embodiment of the present application.

[0573] The terminal 900 includes but is not limited to at least some components such as a radio frequency unit 901, a network module 902, an audio output unit 903, an input unit 904, a sensor 905, a display unit 906, a user input unit 907, an interface unit 908, a memory 909, and a processor 910.

[0574] Those skilled in the art can understand that the terminal 900 may further include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component. The power supply can be logically connected to the processor 910 through a power management system, so as to implement functions such as management of charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. Figure 9 The terminal structure shown does not limit the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0575] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the input unit 904 may include a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) 9041 and a microphone 9042. The GPU 9041 processes the image data of static pictures or videos obtained by an image capturing device (such as a camera) in the video capturing mode or the image capturing mode. The display unit 906 may include a display panel 9061, and the display panel 9061 may be configured in the form of, for example, a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 907 includes at least one of a touch panel 9071 and other input devices 9072. The touch panel 9071 is also referred to as a touch screen. The touch panel 9071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. The other input devices 9072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and a joystick, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0576] In the embodiments of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network-side device, the radio frequency unit 901 may transmit it to the processor 910 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 901 may send uplink data to the network-side device. Generally, the radio frequency unit 901 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.

[0577] The memory 909 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 909 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. Among them, the first storage area may store an operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.). In addition, the memory 909 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and a direct rambus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 909 in the embodiments of the present application includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.

[0578] The processor 910 may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 910 integrates an application processor and a modem processor. Among them, the application processor mainly processes operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, etc., and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It can be understood that the above modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 910 either.

[0579] In one implementation, the terminal 900 serves as the first node.

[0580] At this time, the radio frequency unit 901 is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0581] The processor 910 is used to precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, where the precoding is used to suppress the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports.

[0582] Optionally, the precoding includes space-time coding STC, and the first information includes precoding configuration information.

[0583] Optionally, the precoding configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0584] The dimension of the first coding matrix;

[0585] The type of the first coding matrix;

[0586] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0587] The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0588] At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0589] At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0590] The first association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the transmission antenna port index of the first node;

[0591] The second association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time domain resource or the resource set index of the first node transmitting the first signal;

[0592] The third association information, used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency domain resource or the resource set index of the first node transmitting the first signal;

[0593] The fourth association information, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and the physical transmission antenna or the physical transmission antenna set index of the first node;

[0594] The fifth association relationship, used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the at least one row vector in the first coding matrix and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to transmit the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used by the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0595] The dimension of the first decoding matrix;

[0596] Type of the first decoding matrix;

[0597] Initial second-order Hadamard matrix or index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is of the type of the first decoding matrix;

[0598] First decoding matrix or index of the first decoding matrix;

[0599] At least one row of the first decoding matrix or index of at least one row of the first decoding matrix;

[0600] At least one column of the first decoding matrix or index of at least one column of the first decoding matrix;

[0601] Wherein, the first encoding matrix is used to precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, and the first decoding matrix is used to decode the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports.

[0602] Optionally, the first information further includes at least one of the following:

[0603] First sequence information, where the first sequence information is parameter information for determining a first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used by the first signal;

[0604] First configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0605] First indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the type of the first processing for obtaining the sensing measurement quantity based on the first signal.

[0606] Optionally, the obtaining of the first information performed by the radio frequency unit 901 includes:

[0607] Receiving the first information from a first device, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing.

[0608] Optionally, the obtaining of the first information performed by the radio frequency unit 901 includes:

[0609] The radio frequency unit 901 is configured to obtain at least one of second information and third information; wherein, the second information indicates information related to the sensing capability of a second node for receiving the first signal; the third information indicates information related to a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO sensing;

[0610] The processor 910 is configured to determine the first information according to at least one of the second information and the third information.

[0611] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 901 is further configured to send the first information to a second node, and the second node is configured to receive the first signal.

[0612] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 901 is further configured to receive fourth information from the second node, where the fourth information is determined based on MIMO perception of the first signal, and the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a perceived measurement value, a perceived performance evaluation index measurement value, and a perceived result.

[0613] Optionally, the processor 910 is further configured to:

[0614] update the first information according to the fourth information;

[0615] precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports according to the updated first information.

[0616] Optionally, the perceived performance evaluation index measurement value includes a signal-to-clutter ratio SCR.

[0617] Optionally, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0618] The first type, where the first type includes: performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain a perceived measurement quantity; or, performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain perceived data, and performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing on the perceived data to obtain a perceived measurement quantity;

[0619] The second type, where the second type includes: obtaining a frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a perceived measurement quantity;

[0620] The third type, where the third type includes: obtaining a frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a perceived measurement quantity.

[0621] Optionally, within a signal accumulation period, each of the transmit antenna ports repeats transmitting the first signal K times, where K is an integer greater than or equal to N t of, N t is the number of transmit antenna ports used by the first node to transmit the first signal.

[0622] Optionally, when the first information includes precoding configuration information:

[0623] The rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions; or,

[0624] The columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions.

[0625] Optionally, the first information is used to configure the first matrix as a diagonal matrix, and the first matrix is:

[0626]

[0627] where j is the symbol index of the first signal; K is the number of repeated transmissions of the first signal within one signal accumulation period; p is the delay index of the received signal during receiver matched filtering, the value range of p is [1 - P, P - 1], and p is not equal to 0, P is the total number of time-domain symbols of the first signal; R p is the signal correlation matrix with delay p; is the summation matrix of the precoding matrices of the first signal within the j-th symbol to the j + K - 1-th symbol; is the summation matrix of the decoding matrices of the first signal within the j-th symbol to the j + K - 1-th symbol; ⊙ represents the Hadamard product.

[0628] Optionally, the time-frequency resources of the first signal include at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0629] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or column of the respective first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix.

[0630] Optionally, at least one of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix satisfies at least one of the following:

[0631] The product matrix of the first coding matrix and the conjugate matrix of the first decoding matrix is a diagonal matrix;

[0632] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are full-rank matrices;

[0633] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are unitary matrices;

[0634] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Hadamard matrices;

[0635] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Kronecker products of unitary matrices.

[0636] It can be understood that the implementation processes of the various implementation manners mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant descriptions of the foregoing method embodiment on the first node side, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be elaborated here.

[0637] In another implementation manner, the terminal 900 serves as the second node.

[0638] At this time, the radio frequency unit 901 is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes precoding configuration information of a first signal;

[0639] The processor 910 is used to perform first processing and decoding on the first signals received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; among them, the first signals are transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the precoding based on the first information suppresses the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: sensed measurement values, sensed performance evaluation index measurement values, and sensed results.

[0640] Optionally, the precoding configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0641] The dimension of the first coding matrix;

[0642] The type of the first coding matrix;

[0643] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first coding matrix;

[0644] The first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix;

[0645] At least one row of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first coding matrix;

[0646] At least one column of the first coding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first coding matrix;

[0647] The first association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector or the index of the row vector in the first coding matrix and the index of the transmitting antenna port of the first node for transmitting the first signal;

[0648] The second association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one column vector or the index of the column vector in the first coding matrix and the time domain resource or the resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0649] The third association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between the first coding matrix or the index of the first coding matrix and the frequency domain resource or the resource set index for the first node to transmit the first signal;

[0650] The fourth association information, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector and the physical transmit antenna or the physical transmit antenna set index of the first node;

[0651] The fifth association relationship, which is used to indicate the association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or the index of the at least one row vector and at least one of the first sequence, the first sequence index, and the first sequence information used by the first node to transmit the first signal, where the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal, and the first sequence information is the parameter information for determining the first sequence;

[0652] The dimension of the first decoding matrix;

[0653] The type of the first decoding matrix;

[0654] The initial second-order Hadamard matrix or the index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, where the Hadamard matrix is the type of the first decoding matrix;

[0655] The first decoding matrix or the index of the first decoding matrix;

[0656] At least one row of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one row of the first decoding matrix;

[0657] At least one column of the first decoding matrix or the index of at least one column of the first decoding matrix;

[0658] Wherein, the first coding matrix is used to precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, and the first decoding matrix is used to decode the first signal received through at least two receive antenna ports.

[0659] Optionally, the first information further includes at least one of the following:

[0660] The first sequence information, which is the parameter information for determining the first sequence, and the first sequence is the transmission sequence used for the first signal;

[0661] The first configuration information, which is used to configure the sensing parameters of the first signal;

[0662] The first indication information, which is used to indicate the type of the first processing for obtaining the sensing measurement quantity based on the first signal.

[0663] Optionally, the obtaining of the first information performed by the radio frequency unit 901 includes:

[0664] Receiving first information from at least one of a first device and a first node, where the first device includes a core network element for a first service, the first service being a service corresponding to MIMO sensing, and the first node includes a transmitting end device of the first signal.

[0665] Optionally, before the radio frequency unit 901 performs the receiving of the first information from at least one of the first device and the first node, it is further configured to send second information to at least one of the first device and the first node, where the second information indicates information related to the sensing capability of the second node.

[0666] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 901 is further configured to send the fourth information to at least one of the first node and the first device.

[0667] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 901 is further configured to receive the updated first information from at least one of the first node and the first device;

[0668] The processor 910 is further configured to perform first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports according to the updated first information to obtain updated fourth information.

[0669] Optionally, the measured value of the sensing performance evaluation index includes the signal clutter ratio SCR.

[0670] Optionally, the type of the first processing includes at least one of the following:

[0671] A first type, where the first type includes: performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain a sensing measurement quantity; or, performing time-domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain sensing data, and performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing on the sensing data to obtain a sensing measurement quantity;

[0672] A second type, where the second type includes: obtaining a frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency-domain point division method, and performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement quantity;

[0673] A third type, where the third type includes: obtaining a frequency-domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency-domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency-domain channel matrix to obtain a sensing measurement quantity.

[0674] Optionally, the first information is used to configure the first matrix as a diagonal matrix, and the first matrix is:

[0675]

[0676] where j is the symbol index of the first signal; K is the number of repeated transmissions of the first signal within a signal accumulation period; p is the delay index of the received signal during reception end matched filtering, the value range of p is [1 - P, P - 1], and p is not equal to 0, and P is the total number of time domain symbols of the first signal; R p is the signal correlation matrix with a delay of p; is the summation matrix of the precoding matrices of the first signal within the j-th symbol to the (j + K - 1)-th symbol; is the summation matrix of the decoding matrices of the first signal within the j-th symbol to the (j + K - 1)-th symbol; ⊙ represents the Hadamard product.

[0677] Optionally, the time-frequency resource of the first signal includes at least one resource element RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs;

[0678] Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or one column of the respective first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix.

[0679] Optionally, at least one of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix satisfies at least one of the following:

[0680] The product matrix of the first coding matrix and the conjugate matrix of the first decoding matrix is a diagonal matrix;

[0681] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are full-rank matrices;

[0682] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are unitary matrices;

[0683] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Hadamard matrices;

[0684] The types of the first coding matrix and the first decoding matrix are Kronecker products of unitary matrices.

[0685] It can be understood that the implementation processes of the implementation manners mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant descriptions of the foregoing method embodiment on the second node side, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be elaborated here.

[0686] This application embodiment also provides a network-side device. As Figure 10As shown, the network-side device 1000 includes: a processor 1001, a network interface 1002, and a memory 1003. Among them, the network interface 1002 is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0687] Specifically, the network-side device 1000 in the embodiments of the present application further includes: instructions or programs stored on the memory 1003 and executable on the processor 1001. The processor 1001 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1003 to execute the methods performed by the modules shown in Figure 6 or Figure 7 and achieves the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0688] The embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium. Programs or instructions are stored on the readable storage medium. When the programs or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the respective processes of the foregoing first node-side method embodiments or second node-side method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0689] Among them, the processor is the processor in the terminal described in the foregoing embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory ROM, random access memory RAM, magnetic disks, or optical discs. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0690] The embodiments of the present application further provide a chip. The chip includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the respective processes of the foregoing first node-side method embodiments or second node-side method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0691] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a system-on-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-chip.

[0692] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program / program product. The computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium. The computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the respective processes of the foregoing first node-side method embodiments or second node-side method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0693] Another embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication system, including a first node and a second node. The first node is configured to perform the steps of the method embodiment on the first node side described above, and the second node is configured to perform the steps of the method embodiment on the second node side described above, and the same technical effects can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.

[0694] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including that element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted or combined. Additionally, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0695] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above embodiment methods can be implemented by means of a computer software product plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes several instructions for causing a terminal or a network-side device to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present application.

[0696] The embodiments of the present application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms of embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope protected by the claims of the present application. These embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multiple-input multiple-output MIMO sensing method, It is characterized in that include: The first node acquires first information, wherein the first information includes precoding configuration information of the first signal; The first node precodes a first signal transmitted through at least two transmit antenna ports, wherein the precoding is used to suppress mutual correlation between first signals transmitted by different transmit antenna ports.

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The precoding configuration information includes at least one of the following: The dimension of the first encoding matrix; The type of the first encoding matrix; an initial second-order Hadamard matrix or an index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, wherein the Hadamard matrix is ​​a type of the first encoding matrix; A first encoding matrix or an index of the first encoding matrix; at least one row of the first encoding matrix or an index of at least one row of the first encoding matrix; at least one column of the first encoding matrix or an index of at least one column of the first encoding matrix; First association information, used to indicate an association relationship between at least one row vector or an index of a row vector in a first coding matrix and an index of a transmit antenna port of the first node; Second association information, used to indicate an association relationship between at least one column vector or an index of a column vector in the first coding matrix and a time domain resource or a resource set index for transmitting the first signal by the first node; third association information, used to indicate an association relationship between a first coding matrix or an index of the first coding matrix and a frequency domain resource or a resource set index through which the first node transmits the first signal; Fourth association information, used to indicate an association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or an index of the at least one row vector and a physical transmit antenna or a physical transmit antenna set index of the first node; a fifth association relationship, used to indicate an association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or an index of the at least one row vector and a first sequence used by the first node to send the first signal, or a first sequence index, and at least one of first sequence information, wherein the first sequence is a sending sequence used by the first signal, and the first sequence information is parameter information used to determine the first sequence; The dimension of the first decoding matrix; The type of the first decoding matrix; an initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix or an index of the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix, wherein the Hadamard matrix is ​​a type of the first decoding matrix; A first decoding matrix or an index of the first decoding matrix; at least one row of the first decoding matrix or an index of at least one row of the first decoding matrix; at least one column of the first decoding matrix or an index of at least one column of the first decoding matrix; The first encoding matrix is ​​used to precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the first decoding matrix is ​​used to decode the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The first information also includes at least one of the following: first sequence information, where the first sequence information is parameter information used to determine a first sequence, and the first sequence is a sending sequence used by the first signal; First configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure perception parameters of the first signal; First indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a type of a first process used to obtain the perception measurement value based on the first signal.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The first node acquires first information, including: The first node receives first information from a first device, wherein the first device includes a core network element for a first service, and the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO perception.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The first node acquires first information, including: The first node acquires at least one of the second information and the third information; wherein the second information indicates information related to the perception capability of the second node used to receive the first signal; and the third information indicates information related to the first service, where the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO perception; The first node determines the first information according to at least one of the second information and the third information.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: The first node sends the first information to a second node, and the second node is used to receive the first signal.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: The first node receives fourth information from the second node, where the fourth information is determined based on MIMO perception of the first signal, and the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a perception measurement value, a perception performance evaluation index measurement value, and a perception result.

8. The method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: The first node updates the first information according to the fourth information; The first node precodes the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports according to the updated first information.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, It is characterized in that The perceptual performance evaluation index measurement value includes a signal-to-clutter ratio SCR.

10. The method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The type of the first process includes at least one of the following: The first type includes: performing time domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain a perceptual measurement amount; or performing time domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain perceptual data, and performing fast Fourier transform FFT processing on the perceptual data to obtain a perceptual measurement amount; The second type includes: obtaining a frequency domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency domain point division method, and performing a two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT process on the frequency domain channel matrix to obtain a perceptual measurement amount; The third type includes: obtaining a frequency domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency domain channel matrix to obtain a perceptual measurement value.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, It is characterized in that In a signal accumulation period, each of the transmitting antenna ports repeatedly transmits the first signal K times, where K is greater than or equal to N t integer, N t is the number of transmitting antenna ports used by the first node to transmit the first signal.

12. The method according to claim 11, It is characterized in that In the case where the first information includes precoding configuration information: The rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions; or, The columns in the first coding matrix correspond to the transmit antenna ports of the first signal, and the rows in the first coding matrix correspond to the number of repeated transmissions.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, It is characterized in that The first information is used to configure the first matrix as a diagonal matrix. for: Wherein, j is the symbol index of the first signal; K is the number of repeated transmissions of the first signal within a signal accumulation period; p is the delay index of the received signal during matched filtering at the receiving end, the value range of p is [1-P, P-1], and p is not equal to 0, and P is the total number of symbols of the first signal in the time domain; R p is the signal correlation matrix with delay p; is a summation matrix of precoding matrices of the first signal from the jth symbol to the j+K-1th symbol; It is the summation matrix of the decoding matrices of the first signal from the jth symbol to the j+K-1th symbol; ⊙ represents the Hadamard product.

14. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 13, It is characterized in that The time-frequency resource of the first signal includes at least one resource unit RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs; Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or column of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix.

15. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 14, It is characterized in that At least one of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix satisfies at least one of the following: The product matrix Q of the first encoding matrix and the conjugate matrix of the first decoding matrix Nt is a diagonal matrix; The first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are full rank matrices; The first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are unitary matrices; The first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are types of Hadamard matrices; The first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are of unitary matrix Kronecker product types.

16. A multiple-input multiple-output MIMO sensing method, It is characterized in that include: The second node acquires first information, wherein the first information includes precoding configuration information of the first signal; The second node performs first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the precoding based on the first information suppresses the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a perception measurement quantity measurement value, a perception performance evaluation index measurement value, and a perception result.

17. The method according to claim 16, It is characterized in that The precoding configuration information includes at least one of the following: The dimension of the first encoding matrix; The type of the first encoding matrix; an initial second-order Hadamard matrix or an index of the initial second-order Hadamard matrix, wherein the Hadamard matrix is ​​a type of the first encoding matrix; A first encoding matrix or an index of the first encoding matrix; at least one row of the first encoding matrix or an index of at least one row of the first encoding matrix; at least one column of the first encoding matrix or an index of at least one column of the first encoding matrix; First association information, used to indicate an association relationship between at least one row vector or an index of a row vector in a first coding matrix and an index of a transmitting antenna port of a first node used to transmit the first signal; Second association information, used to indicate an association relationship between at least one column vector or an index of a column vector in the first coding matrix and a time domain resource or a resource set index for transmitting the first signal by the first node; third association information, used to indicate an association relationship between a first coding matrix or an index of the first coding matrix and a frequency domain resource or a resource set index through which the first node transmits the first signal; Fourth association information, used to indicate an association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or an index of the at least one row vector and a physical transmit antenna or a physical transmit antenna set index of the first node; a fifth association relationship, used to indicate an association relationship between at least one row vector in the first coding matrix or an index of the at least one row vector and a first sequence used by the first node to send the first signal, or a first sequence index, and at least one of first sequence information, wherein the first sequence is a sending sequence used by the first signal, and the first sequence information is parameter information used to determine the first sequence; The dimension of the first decoding matrix; The type of the first decoding matrix; an initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix or an index of the initial 2nd-order Hadamard matrix, wherein the Hadamard matrix is ​​a type of the first decoding matrix; A first decoding matrix or an index of the first decoding matrix; at least one row of the first decoding matrix or an index of at least one row of the first decoding matrix; at least one column of the first decoding matrix or an index of at least one column of the first decoding matrix; The first encoding matrix is ​​used to precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the first decoding matrix is ​​used to decode the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, It is characterized in that The first information also includes at least one of the following: first sequence information, where the first sequence information is parameter information used to determine a first sequence, and the first sequence is a sending sequence used by the first signal; First configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to configure perception parameters of the first signal; First indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a type of the first processing used to obtain the perception measurement value based on the first signal.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, It is characterized in that The second node acquires the first information, including: The second node receives first information from at least one of a first device and a first node, wherein the first device includes a core network element for a first service, the first service is a service corresponding to MIMO perception, and the first node includes a sending end device of the first signal.

20. The method according to claim 19, It is characterized in that Before the second node receives the first information from at least one of the first device and the first node, the method further includes: The second node sends second information to at least one of the first device and the first node, where the second information indicates information related to the sensing capability of the second node.

21. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 20, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: The second node sends the fourth information to at least one of the first node and the first device.

22. The method according to claim 21, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: The second node receives the updated first information from at least one of the first node and the first device; The second node performs first processing and decoding on the first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports according to the updated first information to obtain updated fourth information.

23. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 22, It is characterized in that The perceptual performance evaluation index measurement value includes a signal-to-clutter ratio SCR.

24. The method according to claim 18, It is characterized in that The type of the first process includes at least one of the following: The first type includes: performing time domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain a perceptual measurement amount; or performing time domain matched filtering and signal accumulation on the first signal to obtain perceptual data, and performing fast Fourier transform FFT processing on the perceptual data to obtain a perceptual measurement amount; The second type includes: obtaining a frequency domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency domain point division method, and performing a two-dimensional fast Fourier transform 2D-FFT process on the frequency domain channel matrix to obtain a perceptual measurement amount; The third type includes: obtaining a frequency domain channel matrix of the first signal based on a frequency domain conjugate point multiplication method, and performing 2D-FFT processing on the frequency domain channel matrix to obtain a perceptual measurement value.

25. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 24, It is characterized in that The first information is used to configure the first matrix as a diagonal matrix. for: Wherein, j is the symbol index of the first signal; K is the number of repeated transmissions of the first signal within a signal accumulation period; p is the delay index of the received signal during matched filtering at the receiving end, the value range of p is [1-P, P-1], and p is not equal to 0, and P is the total number of symbols of the first signal in the time domain; R p is the signal correlation matrix with delay p; is a summation matrix of precoding matrices of the first signal from the jth symbol to the j+K-1th symbol; It is the summation matrix of the decoding matrices of the first signal from the jth symbol to the j+K-1th symbol; ⊙ represents the Hadamard product.

26. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 25, It is characterized in that The time-frequency resource of the first signal includes at least one resource unit RE, or a time-frequency resource block RB composed of REs; Each of the REs or the time-frequency RBs is associated with at least one row or column of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix.

27. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 26, It is characterized in that At least one of the first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix satisfies at least one of the following: The product matrix Q of the first encoding matrix and the conjugate matrix of the first decoding matrix Nt is a diagonal matrix; The first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are full rank matrices; The first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are unitary matrices; The first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are types of Hadamard matrices; The first encoding matrix and the first decoding matrix are of unitary matrix Kronecker product types.

28. A multiple-input multiple-output MIMO sensing device, It is characterized in that Applied to a first node, the device comprises: A first acquisition module, configured to acquire first information, wherein the first information includes precoding configuration information of the first signal; The first precoding module is used to precode the first signal transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, wherein the precoding is used to suppress the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports.

29. A multiple-input multiple-output MIMO sensing device, It is characterized in that Applied to a second node, the device comprises: A second acquisition module, configured to acquire first information, wherein the first information includes precoding configuration information of the first signal; The first processing module is used to perform first processing and decoding on a first signal received through at least two receiving antenna ports to obtain fourth information; wherein the first signal is transmitted through at least two transmitting antenna ports, and the precoding based on the first information suppresses the mutual correlation between the first signals transmitted by different transmitting antenna ports; the fourth information includes at least one of the following: a perception measurement quantity measurement value, a perception performance evaluation index measurement value, and a perception result.

30. A communication device, It is characterized in that It includes a processor and a memory, the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the multi-input multi-output MIMO perception method as described in any one of claims 1 to 15, or implements the steps of the MIMO perception method as described in any one of claims 16 to 27.

31. A readable storage medium, It is characterized in that The readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the multi-input multi-output MIMO perception method as described in any one of claims 1 to 15 are implemented, or the steps of the MIMO perception method as described in any one of claims 16 to 27 are implemented.

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