Flame tube high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure based on additive manufacturing

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a flame tube high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure based on additive manufacturing, and belongs to the field of gas turbines, the wall surface of a flame tube is provided with the high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure, the flame tube is provided with a swirler, and air cooled by the high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure enters the flame tube through the swirler; according to the high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure, the inner wall, the outer wall, the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit and the inner wall are attached to the wall face of the flame tube, the outer wall is located outside the inner wall, the bottom of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit is installed in the inner wall, and the top of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit is installed in the outer wall. The high-temperature micro heat pipe units are sequentially arranged in rows, and the high-temperature micro heat pipe units in every two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered mode in the axial direction of the flame tube. According to the invention, the additive manufacturing technology is adopted for processing and forming, so that the realizability of a complex structure is ensured while the cooling efficiency is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a gas turbine, and more particularly to a combustion chamber liner. Background Art

[0002] With the increasingly serious environmental damage, people's awareness of environmental protection has been continuously improved. In order to protect the environment, the emission standards of air pollutants have been continuously increased. As a high-end equipment in the field of energy and power, gas turbines have been widely used in the fields of petrochemical industry, oil and gas exploitation, industrial power generation, industrial drive, distributed energy, etc. If the pollutant emissions of gas turbines are too high and cannot meet the requirements of air pollutant emission standards and the indicators of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution, it will seriously affect the international competitiveness of gas turbines and even prevent them from being exported. In order to achieve lower pollutant emissions, the main combustion holes, mixing holes, and even cooling holes in the gas turbine combustion chamber have been gradually cancelled, and most of the air enters from the swirler at the head of the combustion chamber liner to achieve lean premixed combustion, so as to reduce the temperature in the combustion zone and thus achieve low NOx emissions. As a result, the cooling air is seriously insufficient, and it becomes very difficult to cool the wall surface of the combustion chamber liner. Therefore, the present invention proposes a new cooling structure to improve the cooling effect of the combustion chamber liner.

[0003] In recent years, due to its technical advantages, additive manufacturing technology has developed rapidly. The application of additive manufacturing technology in the development of gas turbines can mainly improve the performance of components, increase the product yield, shorten the R & D cycle, and save the development cost. The high-temperature hot-end components of gas turbines are restricted by traditional processing technologies and feasibility constraints, and it is very difficult to design and form complex-structured components, which seriously restricts the performance of components. When designing a low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber based on the concept of additive manufacturing, the restrictions of traditional processing technologies can be relaxed, and the performance of components can be explored to the greatest extent, and the processing and forming of complex structures can be realized by additive manufacturing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure for a combustion chamber liner based on additive manufacturing, which can not only achieve efficient cooling of the combustion chamber liner but also solve the problem of forming and processing complex structures.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] The high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure of the flame tube based on additive manufacturing according to the present invention is characterized in that a high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure is arranged on the wall surface of the flame tube, a swirler is installed on the flame tube, and the air cooled by the high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure enters the flame tube through the swirler; the inner wall, outer wall, and high-temperature micro heat pipe unit of the high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure, the inner wall is attached to the wall surface of the flame tube, the outer wall is located outside the inner wall, the bottom of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit is installed in the inner wall, the top of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit is installed in the outer wall, and in the circumferential direction of the flame tube, the high-temperature micro heat pipe units are arranged in rows in sequence, and in the axial direction of the flame tube, the high-temperature micro heat pipe units of two adjacent rows are arranged staggeredly.

[0007] The present invention may further include:

[0008] 1. The high-temperature micro heat pipe unit includes a high-temperature micro heat pipe unit housing, a wick is installed inside the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit housing and filled with a working fluid, an end cap is installed at the top of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit housing, and a pin fin structure is installed on the outer wall of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit housing.

[0009] 2. The inner side of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit housing is the hot end, the outer side is the cold end, and the position of the pin fin structure is located at the cold end part.

[0010] 3. The inner wall, outer wall, high-temperature micro heat pipe unit housing, and pin fin structure are processed and formed by high-temperature alloy powder additive manufacturing, and the inner wall, outer wall, high-temperature micro heat pipe unit housing, and pin fin structure are integrally formed during the additive manufacturing process.

[0011] 4. The wick is processed and formed by additive manufacturing technology.

[0012] 5. The shape of the pin fin structure is a cone or a cylinder.

[0013] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: on the one hand, the cooling air and the high-temperature combustion gas perform countercurrent convective heat transfer, which can improve the heat transfer efficiency; at the same time, there are multiple micro heat pipes in the cooling channels on the wall surface of the flame tube, the heat transfer efficiency of the micro heat pipes is high, and the heat transfer can be fully realized. A pin fin mechanism is designed at the cold end outside the micro heat pipe, which can increase the heat transfer area and further improve the cooling efficiency, thereby minimizing the wall temperature of the flame tube to play a good protective role for the flame tube; on the other hand, since the temperature of the cooling air entering the swirler increases after heat transfer, the flame stability is effectively improved. In short, the invention not only realizes the efficient cooling of the flame tube but also solves the problem of forming and processing complex structures, and can be applied to the improved design of the flame tube structure of existing and future low-emission gas turbine combustors to support the development of low-emission gas turbines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is the C-C view;

[0016] Figure 3 It is the enlarged view at M;

[0017] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the structure of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit. Specific implementation manners

[0018] The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows:

[0019] Combined with Figures 1-4 , the wall surface of the flame tube of the gas turbine combustor is composed of a plurality of high-temperature micro heat pipe units 3, an inner wall 1, and an outer wall 2; in the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the flame tube, the high-temperature micro heat pipe units are arranged in an array according to the structural dimensions of the flame tube; in the axial direction of the flame tube, two adjacent rows of high-temperature micro heat pipes are arranged staggeredly; the cooling air flows into the channels of the high-temperature micro heat pipe units from the A section at the rear of the flame tube, cools the inner wall of the flame tube through the heat exchange effect of the high-temperature micro heat pipes, and then flows out from the B section of the flame tube, flows through the swirler, and then enters the inside of the flame tube to participate in the mixing combustion; a pin fin structure 5 is designed and processed on the cold end outside the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit, and the shape of the pin fin structure 5 can be a cone or a cylinder, and the shape can be changed as needed. The pin fin structure 5 can increase the heat exchange area, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange effect of the micro heat pipe unit and protecting the wall surface of the flame tube; this structure can give full play to the high-efficiency heat exchange performance of the micro heat pipe, effectively save the amount of cooling air, and at the same time, can also increase the temperature of the cooling air entering the swirler, thereby improving the stability of flame combustion.

[0020] The inner wall 1 of the flame tube, the outer wall 2, the shell 6 of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit, and the pin fin structure 5 are all processed and formed by the high-temperature alloy powder additive manufacturing technology, and the four are integrally formed during the additive manufacturing process. After forming, the cooling channels are sandblasted to remove the residual high-temperature alloy powder; the wick 7 inside each micro heat pipe unit is also processed and formed by the additive manufacturing technology, installed into the shell 6 of the micro heat pipe unit respectively, and then the working fluid 8 is injected into the micro heat pipe shell, and finally the end cover 4 is welded to the end of the micro heat pipe unit for sealing.

[0021] Since the size of the micro heat pipe unit 3 is small, there is a pin fin structure 5 on the outside, and the number is large, so it is impossible to process and form by traditional processes such as casting and welding; the use of additive manufacturing technology can effectively solve the problem of processing and forming the complex structure of the micro heat pipe unit 3.

Claims

1. The high-temperature micro-heat pipe cooling structure of the flame tube based on additive manufacturing is characterized by: A high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure is arranged on the wall of the flame tube, and a swirler is installed on the flame tube. The air cooled by the high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure enters the flame tube through the swirler; the inner wall, outer wall and high-temperature micro heat pipe unit of the high-temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure, the inner wall is attached to the wall of the flame tube, the outer wall is located outside the inner wall, the bottom of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit is installed in the inner wall, and the top of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit is installed in the outer wall. In the circumferential direction of the flame tube, the high-temperature micro heat pipe units are arranged in sequence to form rows, and in the axial direction of the flame tube, the high-temperature micro heat pipe units in two adjacent rows are arranged alternately.

2. The flame tube high temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure based on additive manufacturing according to claim 1 is characterized by: The high-temperature micro heat pipe unit comprises a high-temperature micro heat pipe unit shell, a liquid wick is installed inside the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit shell and is filled with working fluid, an end cap is installed on the top of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit shell, and a pin-fin structure is installed on the outer wall of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit shell.

3. The flame tube high temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure based on additive manufacturing according to claim 2 is characterized by: The inner side of the high-temperature micro heat pipe unit shell is the hot end, the outer side is the cold end, and the pin-fin structure is located at the cold end.

4. The flame tube high temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure based on additive manufacturing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inner wall, outer wall, high-temperature micro heat pipe unit shell and pin-fin structure are formed by additive manufacturing of high-temperature alloy powder, and the inner wall, outer wall, high-temperature micro heat pipe unit shell and pin-fin structure are integrally formed during the additive manufacturing process.

5. The flame tube high temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure based on additive manufacturing according to claim 2 is characterized by: The liquid absorbent core is formed by additive manufacturing technology.

6. The flame tube high temperature micro heat pipe cooling structure based on additive manufacturing according to claim 2 is characterized by: The pin-fin structure is in the shape of a cone or a cylinder.

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