Lighting system for dynamic lighting control

Abstract

The invention relates to a lighting system having one or more lighting systems and a control device for adjusting light parameters of the lighting systems during operation. The control device is configured to adjust the light parameter in a time-dependent manner as a function of a predefined light parameter profile. The control device is further configured to accept one-dimensional user settings and change the trend of the light parameters according to the one-dimensional user settings.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the patent application with the application number 2019800193414, the application date of March 15, 2019, and the invention title of "Lighting System for Dynamic Lighting Control". Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to a lighting system for dynamic lighting control. Background Art

[0003] Lighting systems capable of implementing dynamic lighting control are combined with human centric lighting. In particular, the brightness and light color of lamps, light sources, or lighting systems are controlled at regular intervals.

[0004] Typically, the light dynamics are implemented in accordance with the natural daylight trend, characterized by bright light with a cold white (similar to daylight) light color during the day and reduced brightness with a warm white light color at night and during the evening.

[0005] Control according to time is mostly carried out based on the time and corresponding values fixedly programmed for setting the brightness and light color. Interpolation is performed between these fixedly preset values to achieve a gradual and hardly perceptible transition by the user.

[0006] In some systems, the fixedly programmed time can be adjusted manually or automatically in relation to the season and geographical location, based on astronomical calculations or included tables (such as those for sunrise and sunset).

[0007] For special requirements, the preset dynamics can be deviated from by user intervention by selecting a special scene, such as a scene with reduced brightness for viewing a video presentation in a school or conference room. Another example is the "Christmas atmosphere" with low brightness and very warm white lighting, aiming to achieve a comfortable atmosphere. These special scenes are usually static. The dynamics that are beneficial in biological terms are thus stopped.

[0008] The above-mentioned intervention possibilities achieved by the user by selecting a preset scene are usually insufficient and must be configured separately, which causes significant effort during production or subsequent adjustment.

[0009] The free intervention possibilities for the user to change the brightness and color temperature of the lighting system are usually not targeted because the user does not have the expertise required to select the setting that meets the corresponding scene or user personality requirements from a large number of setting options.

[0010] It is even possible that, due to ignorance, the user sets a lighting condition that he believes meets his expectations but is biologically adverse to the user. For example, it may be a lighting condition where a very bright and cold white light is set for the night. Usually, these solutions are not even used or are misused because the user cannot be trusted or expected to understand the operating principles. In most cases, a deeper understanding of the technical functions of lighting equipment or an understanding of the visual or non-visual effects of light is required to correctly use dynamic lighting equipment, and the user does not have this quality.

[0011] Usually, planners and installers are also demanded in planning and production because complex programming tasks need to be performed on the light control system, and the details of user requirements are usually not clear. In addition, users usually have the desire to change the preset settings only when using the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Based on the known prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved lighting system.

[0013] This object is achieved by a lighting system having the features of the independent claims. Advantageous extensions are given by the dependent claims.

[0014] Accordingly, a lighting system is proposed, which includes one or more lighting facilities and control means for adjusting the light parameters of the lighting facilities during operation. Here, the light parameters can in particular be the intensity and / or color temperature of the light emitted by the lighting facilities during operation. The concept "intensity" is used here and hereinafter as a general term for light technology variables such as brightness, illuminance, or light density. Even when multiple lighting facilities are mentioned hereinafter for the sake of simplicity, the lighting system according to the present invention can have only one lighting facility. Since, in a given installation, a given intensity of the light emitted by the lighting facility results in a definite distribution of illuminance in the room, the concepts "intensity", "brightness", and "illuminance" can be used interchangeably hereinafter.

[0015] The light parameters can also be variable radiation characteristics of the light source, such as the radiation direction or variable emission angle. This will not be further elaborated hereinafter, but can be similar to illuminance or color temperature.

[0016] The lighting facility can be connected to the control means by cable (such as DALI, DMX, or via other protocols) and / or wirelessly (such as WLAN, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Z-Wave, or via other protocols). A hybrid connection (partially by cable and partially wireless) can also be made.

[0017] The control device is configured to adjust the light parameter as a function of one or more preset trends of the light parameter over time. In particular, the intensity and / or color temperature of the light can be changed during the day. These changing trends can be described by functions that define the value of the light parameter as a function of time, for example. The control device can have a real-time clock that provides the corresponding actual time for the control device, or an interface through which the corresponding actual time is provided for the control device. These functions can be defined continuously or only for specific points in time, and the light parameter is interpolated for other times. In particular, for times with only a few changes (e.g., at night), there can be time periods of several hours between two defined points in time.

[0018] In addition, time can also be defined on a descriptive scale. For example, points in time can be defined for sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and midnight. The points in time in between can be defined in relation to these points in time. For example, the time between sunrise and solar noon can be divided into multiple segments. Correspondingly, the same applies to the time between solar noon and sunset, the evening, the night, and until sunrise the next morning. Thus, for example, the entire course of a day can be defined by a plurality of (e.g., 20) such descriptive points in time and the light parameters corresponding to the points in time.

[0019] The correspondence between the descriptive points in time and the actual time (Tageszeit, time) can be determined according to astronomical programs that determine the actual time for the above-described descriptive points in time at the respective location of the lighting device for each day. Astronomical programs for determining the actual time for sunrise and sunset are known. By means of this correspondence, a personalized trend based on the actual daylight trend can be assigned to each day of the year, even if only a single set of light parameters is defined.

[0020] The following table shows two examples of the correspondence between the descriptive points in time and the actual time (Examples London takes into account another time zone, both examples take into account daylight saving time).

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] Here:

[0024] LD = day length = duration between sunrise and sunset

[0025] LN = night length = duration between sunset and sunrise the next day

[0026] For example, the control device can control the lighting facility such that it emits light with a low intensity and / or a low color temperature (e.g., warm white) in the morning and evening, and emits light with a high intensity and / or a high color temperature (e.g., cool white, daylight-like) during the day. Similarly, the lighting facility can, for example, illuminate a larger area during the day through its pointing and / or its emission angle, such as including a wall, space coverage, or the face of a person in a room, while only illuminating individual objects, such as a work area, specifically in the evening.

[0027] Here, the lighting facilities can be controlled individually or in a combined group, so that different trends can also be preset for different lighting facilities and different groups of lighting facilities.

[0028] Accordingly, the following description, for example, applies to the trends preset individually for one lighting facility or a group of lighting facilities. In addition, it is also possible for the trends of other lighting facilities. Thus, the control device can implement the presetting of one or more trends; for example, define a trend different from that of the lights illuminating the wall for the lights on the ceiling.

[0029] The control device is also configured to receive a one-dimensional user setting and change the trend of the light parameters according to this one-dimensional user setting. Here, the one-dimensional user setting is understood as a single variable whose value lies between a lower limit value and an upper limit value. For example, the value of the one-dimensional user input can be between 0 and 1, alternatively between 0 and 100, and further alternatively between -100 and +100. A value within the value range of the one-dimensional user setting (e.g., setting 0) preferably corresponds to the case where the preset trend of the light parameters is maintained unchanged. For all other settings, the value of the user setting is determined, i.e., how far the changed trend deviates from the preset trend. Thus, the user does not have to change each light parameter, but determines the change in the light parameters derived from its function by changing one setting variable. In particular, the one-dimensional user setting is precisely not the setting of a light parameter, such as brightness or color temperature.

[0030] Multiple different trends for different lighting facilities can also be changed by the same user setting.

[0031] According to the present invention, the control device does not directly change the actual value of the light parameters based on the input of the one-dimensional user setting, i.e., does not directly change the actual brightness and actual color temperature, but it changes the trend of the light parameters from the preset trend to the changed trend according to the corresponding preset, and thus also affects its future trend. Then this can also lead to the corresponding adjustment of the actual value of the light parameters in the case where different light parameter values are set for the actual time point of the changed trend compared to the initial preset trend.

[0032] Thus, a one-dimensional change in user input does not cause the activation of a scene. Instead, the actual time is specifically considered, and thus, the changed light parameters are continued to be implemented in a manner that matches the actual time. Thus, in the case of appropriate programming of the control device, it is possible to avoid inadvertently activating a scene that is not suitable for the actual time (e.g., activating a sunset scene at noon).

[0033] For example, increasing a one-dimensional user setting can result in both an increase in intensity and color temperature. Thus, the light becomes brighter and "colder". Correspondingly, a decrease in the one-dimensional user setting can result in a decrease in both intensity and color temperature. Thus, the light becomes darker and "warmer". This kind of setting where the light parameters are related to a single value can simplify the operation of the lighting system for the user. It can also prevent the user from selecting mismatched numerical combinations for the light parameters. Especially when changing a one-dimensional user setting affects multiple light parameters simultaneously, the changes in these light parameters can be optimally coordinated with each other.

[0034] This can have the following result: the same change in one-dimensional user input has different effects on the light parameters depending on the time, especially the amount of change in the light parameters is of different magnitudes. For example, a change in one-dimensional user input in the morning and / or evening has a smaller effect on the change in brightness and / or color temperature compared to the same change in one-dimensional user input during midday or afternoon times.

[0035] The change in the light parameters can be derived, for example, from the change in one-dimensional user input by means of corresponding presets (e.g., by means of analytical or digital functions, which can also be defined in sections, or by means of pre-calculated value tables, and if necessary, also by interpolation).

[0036] Preferably, the lighting system has an input facility for inputting one-dimensional user settings, which is connected to the control device. The input facility can be a direct input facility, such as a switch, a keyboard, a rotary regulator, or a slide regulator. The direct input facility can be a mechanical input facility. The direct input facility can also have a display device on which one or more input elements corresponding to the mechanical input facility are displayed. Preferably, such a display device is tactile. However, one or more input elements that do not correspond to the mechanical input facility can also be displayed on the tactile display device. A mixed display can also be used. The input facility can be connected to the control device by cable and / or wirelessly (e.g., WLAN, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Z-Wave, or by means of other protocols).

[0037] The input facility can also be set to display on the display device the degree of change in the trend of the light parameters. This can be achieved, for example, by an image display of the value of the one-dimensional user setting. It is also possible to visually display the effect of the selected one-dimensional user setting on the light parameters. In addition, specific thresholds of the value of the one-dimensional user setting can also be displayed (e.g., in text form).

[0038] The input facility can also be an application running on a computer (especially a desktop computer, laptop, smartphone, tablet or other mobile device). The application can display one or more input elements on the display device of the computer as described above.

[0039] In one embodiment, the control device is further configured to change a preset trend of the light parameter according to other input values. The other input values here are input values that are not input by the user. The other input values can be obtained, for example, by the control device itself (e.g., by means of internal sensors or by calculation from known variables). The control device can also receive other input values from other components, especially from external sensors.

[0040] Examples of other input values are date, time, and the presence of people in the area illuminated by the lighting facility. For example, the intensity of the lighting can be reduced when there is no one present.

[0041] The other input values are first converted together with the adjustment amount input by the user through the input facility into a single variable, which is then used as a one-dimensional user input for the lighting system. Thus, for example, it is possible to simply keep the user input that determines a specific setting in terms of light color and brightness and is input by rotating a regulator unchanged when there are people present, and set it to a defined value (e.g., "-2") when there are no people present. This value then corresponds to a "dynamic" trend that has a brightness equal to zero at any time. With the resulting one-dimensional input quantity, the lighting can be turned off when no one is present. This corresponds to the "dimming function" to be described later.

[0042] When other input values are taken into account, the actual value of the light parameter is not directly changed, that is, the actual brightness and the actual color temperature are not directly changed, but according to a preset preset, the trend of the light parameter is changed from the preset trend to the changed trend. This can prompt the actual value of the light parameter to be adjusted accordingly when the changed trend prescribes a value different from the initial preset trend for the actual time point. Thus, for example, a light sensor can measure the brightness in a room, which is also affected by natural daylight, and this variable can be converted together with the direct user input into a new one-dimensional input variable, so that another dynamic trend can be achieved later, which is lower in terms of its brightness than the trend obtained only based on the direct user settings without considering the influence of daylight.

[0043] In one embodiment, the control device is further configured to change the preset trend of the light parameter in a non-linear relationship with the one-dimensional user setting. For example, when the one-dimensional user setting changes to a higher setting value, the intensity can be changed first relatively more strongly than the color temperature, and when it changes to a lower setting value, the color temperature can be changed relatively more strongly than the intensity.

[0044] In one embodiment, the control device is further configured to take into account the maximum value and / or minimum value for the light parameter in the case of a change in the trend of the light parameter. In other words, there may be a preset trend for the maximum value and / or minimum value of the light parameter, and the control device can ensure that the trend after the change in the light parameter is not higher than the preset trend of the maximum value and / or not lower than the preset trend of the minimum value.

[0045] In particular, the maximum value and / or minimum value may be related to a time parameter and / or to a parameter different from the time parameter. As an example of a time parameter, the maximum value of the intensity and / or color temperature may be lower in the morning and / or evening than during the day. This can prevent, for example, user settings that violate the circadian rhythm.

[0046] In one embodiment, the control device is configured such that the trend for different preset time points and preset user settings is described by a plurality of fixed value points. Points lying between them in terms of time or user settings can be interpolated between the defined value points.

[0047] In one embodiment, the control device is further configured to reset the changed trend of the light parameter to a preset trend of the light parameter after a preset first time period. Thus, it can be ensured that the change made by the user to the trend of the light parameter is automatically reset again after the first time period. The first time period may have a constant duration. The first time period may also have different durations depending on the change made. For example, a slight change in the trend of the light parameter may remain for a longer duration compared to a large change.

[0048] Resetting the changed trend of the light parameter to the preset trend of the light parameter after the end of the preset first time period can be carried out stepwise or continuously within a preset second time period.

[0049] In one embodiment, the control device is further configured to, if there is at most a predetermined third time period between the shutdown and restart of one or more lighting facilities, also comply with the changed trend of the light parameter after the shutdown and restart. Thus, in the case of a short departure from the area illuminated by the lighting facilities, the lighting facilities can be turned off and the changes made are not lost when they are restarted. On the other hand, the third time period can be selected such that the trend of the light parameter is reset again to the preset trend after the shutdown and after restarting half an hour later or the next day, so that the user does not have to think about whether a changed light parameter setting may still be set. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Other preferred embodiments of the present invention are further elaborated by the following description of the drawings. Here:

[0051] Figure 1 The preset trends of the intensity and color temperature are shown;

[0052] Figure 2Shows another preset trend of intensity and color temperature;

[0053] Figure 3a 、 3b 3c shows other examples of the preset trends for color temperature and light intensity, as well as the trends of maximum and minimum values;

[0054] Figure 3d Shows an example of the color temperature trend preset in dots for 21 user settings and 20 time points;

[0055] Figure 4 Shows another preset trend of intensity and color temperature;

[0056] Figure 5 Shows the changing trend of intensity and color temperature;

[0057] Figure 6 Shows another preset trend of intensity and color temperature;

[0058] Figure 7 Shows another changing trend of intensity and color temperature;

[0059] Figure 8a 、 8b 8c, 8d, 8e show different implementation forms of the graphical representation of the values of one-dimensional user settings;

[0060] Figure 9 Shows an example of the relationship between the light intensity at which melanopsin is equivalent to sunlight and light intensity and color temperature;

[0061] Figure 10a 、 10b 10c, 10d, 10e show implementation forms of the graphical representation of the preset trend and different changed trends of intensity and color temperature;

[0062] Figure 11a 、 11b 11c shows another implementation form of the graphical representation of the values of one-dimensional user settings;

[0063] Figure 12a 、 12b Shows another implementation form of the graphical representation of the values of one-dimensional user settings combined with a somewhat similar representation of the user settings as an arrow;

[0064] Figure 13 Schematically shows an implementation form of the lighting system according to the present invention. Detailed implementation

[0065] Preferred embodiments are described below with reference to the drawings. Here, elements that are the same, similar, or have the same function are labeled with the same reference numerals in different drawings, and the repeated description of these elements is partially omitted to avoid redundancy.

[0066] In Figure 1 a preset trend of intensity and correlated color temperature (CCT) is shown. The control device of the lighting system can automatically and dynamically (at regular intervals) set the intensity and color temperature of the lighting facilities belonging to the lighting system according to this preset trend, thereby generating lighting that is advantageous in the sense of human-centered lighting.

[0067] The dynamic definition is achieved by presetting specific control points, which preset the corresponding time points t corresponding to time, light intensity (hereinafter, the light intensity and intensity of light can be used interchangeably), and color temperature. For the time between the defined control points, the control device can automatically interpolate intermediate values, thereby achieving a uniform and imperceptible transition from one control point to the next.

[0068] Alternatively, additional control points can be preset for a more detailed grading, as shown in Figure 2 . Then, the interpolation can be cancelled. The grading is preferably fine enough that the change in color or brightness does not exceed the perceptibility threshold, thus not disturbing the user.

[0069] In Figure 1 and 2 and in the following description of FIGS. 3 to 7, the color temperature is recorded in kelvin (K) on the left side, and the light intensity is recorded in lumens (lx) on the right side (also up to FIG. 3). The trend can be directly saved in the control device as such physical variables, but can also be saved as the values of other physical variables that can be calculated therefrom.

[0070] The time defined for the control points can be changed in one embodiment according to astronomical data (such as local time, sunrise and sunset times, geographical location). This can be done manually or automatically, under program control. Thus, for example, the time point when the morning light intensity and color temperature start to rise can be automatically matched to the time of sunrise.

[0071] The preset time trend S of the light parameter X can be expressed as S X,0 (t). For example, the preset time trend of intensity (or light intensity) can be expressed as S B,0 (t), and the preset time trend of color temperature can be expressed as S T,0 (t). If astronomical data is taken into account as described above, different functions are obtained for different dates of the year and different geographical locations.

[0072] The foregoing has described dynamic lighting control without user intervention, which is consistent with current advanced state-of-the-art technology. This time-dependent control of color temperature and brightness can be changed by other superimposed functions. Here, the control points for changing the light intensity and color temperature are changed for each time point according to the superimposed functions, which initially determine the light intensity S B,0 (t) and the color temperature S T,0 (t) of a fixed initial or basic setting. These superimposed functions can be defined by external signals, such as a user interface or a sensor. However, they can also include parameters such as time or season. Thus, the user can individually intervene in the system and change the predefined settings.

[0073] This enables the user to change the settings of the light intensity and color temperature according to the superimposed color temperature function f T (t,x) and the light intensity function f B (t,x).

[0074] Therefore, the changed settings S B (t,x) and S T (t,x) of the light intensity and color temperature for the time point t result in the following equations:

[0075] S B (t,x) = S B,0 (t) · f B (t,x)

[0076] S T (t,x) = S T,0 (t) · f T (t,x)

[0077] Here, the parameter x represents a value that can be calculated from various other parameters. Here, x can be determined mainly or solely by settings selected by the user at the user interface, for example, to a higher or lower desired value. However, x can also be influenced by an external sensor, which causes the basic setting to become a low value down to zero when the user is absent, or which influences the brightness according to the presence of daylight.

[0078] The key here is that the adjustment of the basic setting not only statically changes the instantaneous value, but also changes the entire curve of the light dynamics for each time point t.

[0079] This is shown, for example, for the color temperature in Figure 3a . Here, the basic setting is shown as a bold solid line, corresponding to a user input of 0. The maximum value limited by the technical possibilities of the lighting device is shown as a dotted line at 6500 K. The minimum value is shown as a dashed line at 2700 K.

[0080] The color temperature trends that can be generated are shown as a cluster of curves for user inputs from -100 to +100.

[0081] The range of adjustment possibilities, i.e., the settings of the lighting system, allows for deviations from the basic setting S X,0 (t) by how much or which minimum and maximum values are allowed, which can be defined within specific limits here.

[0082] Typically, these limits are determined by the technical possibilities of the lighting device, such as the maximum intensity of the lighting facility or the technically feasible color temperature range. In one embodiment, these technical limits can be further defined by defining one or two limit functions for the maximum and minimum setting values of the light intensity and color temperature respectively, which define the maximum and / or minimum values of the color temperature and light intensity in relation to the time t.

[0083] Alternative or additional limits can also be considered, which are determined in relation to other parameters, such as seasonally or in relation to the characteristics of the user group.

[0084] Figure 3b Accordingly, the basic setting is shown, i.e., the time-related preset trend corresponding to a user input of 0 is shown as a bold solid curve in terms of color temperature. The upper dotted curve exemplarily shows the limit function of the maximum color temperature, which can be set at a specific time. Here, the maximum value is technically limited to approximately 6500K, but in the morning and evening, the maximum color temperature is further limited to lower values.

[0085] The lower dashed curve correspondingly shows the minimum color temperature that can be set. Here, in the example shown, the minimum value is technically limited to approximately 2700K, but during the day the minimum color temperature is sometimes limited to higher values. In Figure 3b the color temperature trends that can be obtained from user inputs between -100 and +100 are also exemplarily shown.

[0086] In Figure 3c as another example, the preset trend (bold solid line), upper limit trend (dashed line), and lower limit trend (dotted line) of the light intensity are shown. They can have characteristics different from the color temperature trend. However, they respond to the same user input, and the trend of the color temperature also responds to this user input.

[0087] The exact trend of this color temperature trend or intensity trend is related to the definition of the functions f T (t,x) and f B (t,x) and is only exemplarily shown in Figure 3a 、 3b and 3c.

[0088] In Figure 3a 、 3bThe color temperature trend and the intensity trend as continuous (stable) functions are shown in FIGS. 3a and 3c. The trends can be described by fixed numerical points for different preset time points and preset user settings. The values lying in between in terms of time or user settings can be interpolated between the defined numerical points. This is shown exemplarily in Figure 3d There, only a plurality of preset values are allowed for time and user settings respectively, and a specific color temperature is preset for each pair of these values. Corresponding values can be preset for the light intensity as well.

[0089] Limiting functions can be used to define the variability of the light settings. For example, it is advantageous not to allow high color temperature values at night, thus minimizing the possible interference with the user's circadian rhythm and the negative impact on sleep.

[0090] Accordingly, for example, a minimum light intensity S B,min (t) can also be defined, such that S B (t,x) >= S B,min (t) is valid for all times or at least for specific times.

[0091] Thus, in one embodiment, a maximum color temperature of 6500K can be allowed during the day, if the device technically permits this. The maximum value of the color temperature S T,max (t) can be limited to 4000K for t > 21:00 in the evening after 21:00. If the basic setting, i.e., the color temperature preset trend S T,0 (t) is specified as a color temperature of 2700K for this time, a color temperature of 4000K can be maximally achieved by user intervention in this example. This achieves limiting user intervention to those settings defined as favorable.

[0092] Generally, "favorable" settings biologically are typically high color temperatures and high light intensities during the day as the basic setting; low color temperatures and low light intensities are selected at night and during the night.

[0093] Such limiting functions can be programmed into the lighting system as preset "favorable" functions and / or can also be configured during operation or by an experienced user.

[0094] In order to define the minimum and maximum values for the color temperature and / or light intensity, other parameters can be considered in addition to time. Thus, sensors for daylight or presence of persons can provide additional signals that reduce the maximum intensity emitted by the lighting facility.

[0095] Furthermore, other functions can also be defined that exclude specific settings or combinations of multiple settings. Thus, the combination of a very high color temperature and a low light intensity at the same time is unfavorable because it is perceived by the user as uncomfortable. For example, a maximum color temperature T can thus be defined according to the set light intensity BN . In one implementation form, this can be done as follows:

[0096] For B > 270 lx, T N ≤ 10·B, where T N is in units of K, B is in units of lumens, and

[0097] For B ≤ 270 lx, T N = 2700 K

[0098] To input an expected deviation from the preset trend of the light parameters, it is preferable to use an input facility (also called a user interface or operating element). In one implementation form, the operating element enables a one-dimensional deviation from the above-mentioned initial settings S B,0 (t) and S T,0 (t), that is, only in two directions called "up" and "down" in the context.

[0099] The operating element can be a knob, a slide controller, a button with "up" and "down" functions, or a similar element, which is physically or virtually arranged on the operating surface of the user interface. The key feature is that the input unit only gives a one-dimensional variable, such as the number of units along the direction "up" or "down", but this one-dimensional variable acts on the deviation from the basic settings of the light intensity and color temperature according to the saved function.

[0100] Therefore, the setting E of the operating element corresponds to the change in the preset trend (control curve) of the color temperature and light intensity desired by the user. The setting of the operating element does not directly act on the color temperature and light intensity of the lighting system's lighting facilities, but on the function describing the color temperature and light intensity. Therefore, the same change in the setting E may have different effects on the actual changes in the color temperature and light intensity, for example, related to time. Since other parameters can be input within the function for changing the basic settings, a complex association can be achieved. Therefore, it can be considered that the change in the color temperature is limited in one or the other direction at a specific time, or depending on the actual basic settings, the desired change by the user acts on the color temperature and light intensity to different degrees.

[0101] The manipulation of the "up" function (such as rotating the knob in the clockwise direction) can cause a change in the light intensity and / or color temperature to a higher value. When manipulating the "down" function, a corresponding change to a lower value can be made.

[0102] The degree of change V for the light intensity B and color temperature T is defined by different functions V B = f B (E, t, x) and V T = f T (E, t, x), which can also be determined by the setting E of the operating element.

[0103] E may be set corresponding to the position of a slide regulator or a rotary regulator. It may also correspond to the number of output pulses or the rotational speed of a rotary encoder, or alternatively a numerically input or calculated value for the degree of regulation desired by or tailored to the needs of the user (e.g., via gestures or sensors, etc.).

[0104] This also includes values automatically generated for E, which may, for example, be derived from brightness or presence sensors or calculated from user data, etc.

[0105] New settings for light intensity and color temperature, for example

[0106] S B (t) = S B,0 (t) + V B And S T (t) = S T,0 (t) + V T

[0107] For this example, the light intensity is a function as defined above

[0108] f(t,x) = 1 + V B / S B,0 (t) and

[0109] S B (t,x) = S B,0 (t) · (1 + V B / S B,0 (t))

[0110] The function V may be input B and other parameters of V T may be the following parameters:

[0111] - The time t, which may be determined by the local time and the season.

[0112] - The time point at which a previous change was made. This enables the time for which a particular change is maintained to be defined.

[0113] Thus, for example, it is possible to implement that a change set by the user is only valid for a specific time and is then reset to the basic settings again.

[0114] - Any other parameters, which are represented by "x" in the above formula.

[0115] This may, in one embodiment, be the basic settings S B,0 (t) or S T,0(t) is the difference from the corresponding maximum or minimum value. Thus, for example, it is possible to achieve that if the color temperature is set relatively high, the desire to change in the direction of a lower value has a stronger effect on the reduction of the color temperature, and the reduction of the light intensity is only achieved when the set value E continues to decrease. Conversely, in the case of the desire for reduction determined by the set value E, the light intensity can be reduced first in the case of high light intensity and medium color temperature.

[0116] The combination of low light intensity and high color temperature, as well as the combination of high light intensity and low color temperature, is experienced by users as uncomfortable. In addition, a low color temperature at the same time as high light intensity is also disadvantageous in terms of energy, because the same effect on the biological system can generally also be achieved under the conditions of reduced light intensity and increased color temperature.

[0117] If the user makes a change, this basic principle can be taken into account as much as possible in the lighting system according to the invention.

[0118] The desire to change to a higher value (“up”) can therefore act more strongly on the light intensity than on the color temperature first. The color temperature is only “driven” when the user strongly desires to change in the direction “up”.

[0119] Conversely, if the color temperature is at a high basic level, the desire to change to a lower value (“down”) can first relate to the color temperature. The light intensity is accordingly “driven”.

[0120] In the following examples, for the purpose of demonstration, values between -100 and +100 are used as the value for the setting E. Other values or any other scales can also be considered. The setting of the operating element is transmitted from the operating element to the control device by an analog or digital signal.

[0121] Here, the concept S T (t) and S B (t) are used for the settings of the color temperature and the light intensity, so that the setting and the value itself are synonymous, even in the case where only digital values corresponding to the values of optical technology are calculated inside the control device. This can be, for example, a percentage, an 8-bit or 16-bit control value or the like inside.

[0122] Correspondingly, the same applies to the color temperature, which can be converted into color coordinates x, y or the ratio of pulse width modulation of two or more output channels of the light control system in the representation inside the control device or outside in the operating device of the lighting facility.

[0123] In the following examples, as the basic setting for the time t 1 the light intensity is preset as S B,0 (t 1 ) = 650 lx and the color temperature is S T,0 (t1 ) = 5350 K. For the light intensity and color temperature at time t 1 , as the minimum value, S B,min (t 1 ) = 300 lx and S T,min (t 1 ) = 2700 K, and as the maximum value, S B,max (t 1 ) = 800 lx and S T,max (t 1 ) = 6500 K.

[0124] The user intervention with an expected adjustment of E = ±50 can be processed as follows:

[0125] a) "Linear" response:

[0126] In this example, the light intensity and color temperature change proportionally to the setting E.

[0127] Here, a preset change of 1 in E corresponds to a change of 20 K in color temperature: V T (t 1 , 1) = 20 K. A change of 50 in E thus corresponds to V T (t 1 , 50) = 1000 K. In this example, this also applies to all times t, and the correlation between V and E is linear. Then, for the changed color temperature, we get

[0128] S T (t 1 ) = MIN[S T,0 (t 1 ) + V T (t 1 , 50); S T,max (t 1 )] =

[0129] = MIN[(5350 K + 1000 K); 6500 K] =

[0130] = 6350 K.

[0131] For the light intensity preset, a change of 1 in E corresponds to a change of 4 lx in light intensity, corresponding to: V B (t 1 , 1) = 4 lx. A change of 50 in E thus corresponds to V B (t 1 , 50) = 200 lx. In this example, this also applies to all times t, and the correlation between V and E is linear. Then, for the changed light intensity, we get

[0132] S B (t 1) = MIN[S B,0 (t 1 ) + V B (t 1 , 50); S B,max (t 1 )] =

[0133] = MIN[(650 lx + 200 lx); 800 lx] =

[0134] = 800 lx。

[0135] In this simple example, the maximum or minimum value is reached relatively quickly. The basic curve shape of the dynamic curve S(t) thus changes. The maximum and minimum values are reached earlier and maintained for a longer time. There is no more complex correlation here.

[0136] For the aforementioned example a), the preset trends of color temperature and light intensity are shown in Figure 4 and the changed trends of these light parameters in the case of a user input change of +50 are shown in Figure 5 .

[0137] b) Has a more finely graded linear response:

[0138] In this example, a change in E = 1 corresponds to a 1% change in the difference between the basic setting S T,0 (t 1 ) and the maximum value S T,max (t 1 ). Different from the previous example, the maximum value is limited to 6000 K for time t 1 . Then, a change in E by 1 corresponds to a change in color temperature V T (t 1 , 1) of 1% of the difference 6000 K - 5350 K = 650 K, i.e., 6.5 K. Thus V T (t 1 , 50) = 352 K and

[0139] S T (t 1 ) = MIN[S T,0 (t 1 ) + V T (t 1 , 50); S T,max (t 1 )] =

[0140] = MIN[(5350 K + 325 K); 6000 K] =

[0141] = 5675 k。

[0142] With the corresponding setting of the light intensity change, the change of E by 1 corresponds to the change of light intensity by V B (t 1 , 1) is 1% of the difference 800 lx - 650 lx = 150 lx, i.e., 1.5 lx. Thus V B (t 1 , 50) = 75 lx and

[0143] S B (t 1 ) = MIN[S B,0 (t 1 ) + V B (t 1 , 50); S B,max (t 1 )] =

[0144] = MIN[(650 lx + 75 lx); 800 lx] =

[0145] = 725 lx.

[0146] By correlating the desired change with the difference between the base setting value and the maximum value at time t 1 , the setting is made more finely graded and the basic curve shape remains unchanged. The trend is more like being stretched or contracted. The time to reach the minimum or maximum value is the same as before user intervention.

[0147] For the aforementioned example b), the preset trends of color temperature and light intensity are shown in Figure 6 , and the changed trends of these light parameters for a user input change of ±50 are shown in Figure 7 .

[0148] Any other function can be considered for setting the correspondence between E and the change V. Such a change is preferred, where the relationship between the setting E and the change V of light intensity and color temperature is described by a monotonically increasing function, that is, when the value of E increases, the light intensity and / or color temperature also increase or at least remain unchanged. Conversely, when the value of E decreases, the light intensity and / or color temperature should decrease or at least remain unchanged. A negative value of E means that the light intensity and / or color temperature decrease according to examples a) and b), but in the other direction.

[0149] c) Composite (non-linear) response:

[0150] In this example, characteristics in terms of non-visual effects are considered, the light intensity changes according to the linear function described in example b), while the color temperature changes according to a non-linear function.

[0151] With the exemplary setting used in example b), the following function can be defined. As in example b), V applies to the light intensityB (t 1 , 50) = 75 lx and S B (t 1 ) = 725 lx.

[0152] Define the relationship between the color temperature definition and the change in the cube of E:

[0153] V T (t 1 , E) = (E / 100)^3 · (S T,max (t 1 ) - S T,0 (t 1 ))

[0154] Therefore, for E = 50, we get

[0155] V T (t 1 , 50) = 0.5^3 · (6000K - 5350K) = 0.125 · 650K = 81K

[0156] And thus S T (t 1 ) = 5350K + 81K = 5431K.

[0157] Especially at night, if the device is set to a low color temperature in the basic state, this relationship of first changing the color temperature relatively slightly and then significantly changing the light intensity can be achieved. The effect of changing the color temperature is enhanced only when the user approaches the maximum value (E = 100) of the possible 100%.

[0158] In the case of reducing the setting value relative to the basic setting, the corresponding opposite behavior can be achieved, so that the change first acts more strongly on the color temperature and only acts on the light intensity at a later time.

[0159] Preferably, define the minimum light intensity, which is always maintained as the lowest value to ensure sufficient visual quality. In a working environment such as an office or a meeting room, this minimum value can be preset by a standard. The value S B,min (t) should meet this minimum value. Then, in the "normal" dynamics - also according to user interference - it should not be lower than this minimum value as described above.

[0160] However, in some cases, it may be desirable to set a further reduced brightness, for example, when a relaxing atmosphere should be achieved in a room, or when only a very low brightness is desired, such as for watching a movie or a presentation.

[0161] In this case, if the light intensity and color temperature have reached the maximum reduction to the above-mentioned minimum value, further manipulation of the "down" function can be regarded as the user's desire to go below this "minimum value" until the lighting is turned off, corresponding to the dimming function. In this case, the light intensity can be further reduced while maintaining a constant minimum color temperature.

[0162] Since the settings themselves and the changes to the settings are not directly perceptible to the user, it may be advantageous to provide the user with feedback on what the changed settings will cause and what changes can be expected for the actual and subsequent light settings.

[0163] Such a change can be visually presented to the user graphically, for example, by a chart that shows the changed trends of the light intensity and color temperature, and if necessary, compared with the preset trends.

[0164] Such charts are usually very complex and not necessarily easy to understand. Therefore, in the following examples, it is described how to simplify the visualization of the trends.

[0165] Such visualization can preferably be implemented directly at the input facility, so that the user can directly see the effect when changing the one-dimensional user setting. In particular, the input facility can have a touch display device on which the user makes the desired changes by touching.

[0166] In one implementation form, the visualization is achieved by a bar chart (horizontal or vertical), on which the setting exactly selected for the one-dimensional user setting is emphasized. Such a bar chart can, for example, display the value of the one-dimensional user setting in color coding, as shown schematically in Figure 8a . Here, for the "conventional setting", that is, for the dynamic use according to the preset trend, a "neutral" color tone can be used, such as white or bright yellow. The increased value of the one-dimensional user setting can be displayed by a blue tone (e.g., from bright blue to dark blue or from light blue to dark blue), and the decreased value can be displayed by a red tone and / or orange tone (e.g., from yellow to red). Such a display can be carried out (to a certain extent) analogously, that is, continuously.

[0167] Alternatively or additionally, the display can also have multiple categories, which, for example, represent the corresponding light situations. These categories can be shown in text as shown in Figure 8b . In the implementation form according to Figure 8b , for example, it is "HCL daylight" for the preset trend (i.e., no input deviation by the user) and "Working late" and "Performance boost" for the increased value of the one-dimensional user setting. In this implementation form, "Creative" and "Relaxed" are used for the decreased value.

[0168] Of course, other, more or fewer concepts can also be used.

[0169] In an implementation form according to Figure 8c , categories are represented by symbols. Other, more or fewer symbols can also be used here. Symbols can also be used in combination with text.

[0170] In Figure 8d , another way of display is schematically shown. Here, the actual values of the light intensity and color temperature are shown as superimposed bar graphs of different colors on a scale, for example, yellow for the light intensity (narrow bar) and blue for the color temperature (wide bar). The bars can also be arranged one above the other or side by side. The bars can also be implemented as circular.

[0171] New values can be calculated from the values of the light intensity and color temperature according to a formula. This can be achieved, for example, by multiplying the two values, or by multiplying the two values by constant coefficients respectively and adding the products.

[0172] Under the condition of a known spectral distribution, a coefficient can be determined from the color temperature, and this coefficient describes the ratio of the light intensity equivalent to melanopsin to daylight and the visually evaluated light intensity according to DIN SPEC 5031-100:2015.

[0173] In white LED lighting at 6500K, this coefficient is approximately equal to 0.8. In warm white LED lighting at 3000K, this coefficient is approximately equal to 0.45.

[0174] If the light intensity is multiplied by the conversion coefficient calculated according to this method, the light intensity equivalent to melanopsin to daylight according to DIN SPEC5031-100 is obtained therefrom.

[0175] Here, this evaluation method is also defined in the international standard CIE S 026. The quantity defined as "light intensity equivalent to daylight" in DIN SPEC 5031-100 is described as "menalopic equivalent daylight (D65) i l luminance (melanopsin equivalent daylight illuminance)" in CIE S 026. The two quantities are consistent in terms of the calculation method and their numerical values for the same spectral distribution.

[0176] These quantities represent the degree to which light affects the biological system compared to daylight under specific light intensity and specific color temperature according to the current state of knowledge. These quantities can also be displayed on a scale for visualization. This implementation form is schematically shown in Figure 8e . Here, in addition to the linear representation, representations in the form of circular bars or dial displays can also be considered.

[0177] In Figure 9 , the relationship between the light intensity equivalent to melanopsin to daylight and the light intensity and color temperature is roughly shown for an example of LED lighting.

[0178] Another way of visualization is shown Figures 10a to 10e here. On the left side, symbols for different values of the one-dimensional user input are shown, which can be compared with Figure 8c each other. The exactly selected setting or at least the symbol closest to the exactly selected setting can be highlighted. On the right side thereof, the corresponding trends of the color temperature and the light intensity are respectively shown on the time horizontal axis. Here, the color of the vertical bar can represent the color temperature at the corresponding time point. For example, the light color from warm white to neutral white can be shown by bars from orange to yellow, and the light color of cold white can be shown by bars from bright blue to dark blue.

[0179] The light intensity can be represented by the length symbol of the bar.

[0180] At the same time, the minimum value of the bar is determined by the color temperature. This realizes that a higher color temperature is symbolically represented as having a higher non-visual effect.

[0181] In the illustrated embodiment, the bar corresponds to the average value for about 1.5 hours throughout the day. Therefore, this setting can be symbolically represented for the user. The actual state can be displayed by a symbol (such as the sun symbol above the bar). The user can see how the lighting situation will continue to change.

[0182] The visualization of the trends of the color temperature and the light intensity, especially for future values, can also be realized in other ways.

[0183] In Figures 10a to 10e the symbols shown on the left side can correspond to the concepts of "performance improvement", "working late", "HCL daylight", "creative" and "relaxing" mentioned in Figure 8b .

[0184] The setting "performance improvement" can also be called "boost", "power-enhanced lighting", "focus" or described by concepts with similar meanings. This setting is suitable for short-term improvement of concentration and work efficiency, but it may pose a risk of having a negative impact on the user at the wrong time, for example due to enhancing the biological effect at night.

[0185] The possibility of selecting such a setting can be limited by defining the maximum value as described in detail above. A time limit can also be defined for the setting of "performance improvement" - for example, not after 22:00.

[0186] Similarly, the duration for which the setting "performance improvement" remains active can be limited. Then, for example, when the setting "performance improvement" is selected after 21:00, the setting value E can be automatically controlled by the program to be reduced by a specific amount every 2 - 3 minutes until the setting "working late" (described below) is reached again.

[0187] In Figure 10aAn example of the trend after the change of the optical parameters in the setting of "Performance improvement" is shown. In Figure 3b and 3c , this is a trend close to the upper limit trend.

[0188] The setting "Work late" can also be called "Night work" or "Focus (without circadian rhythm interference)", "Concentrate on work" or the like. In this setting, the light intensity is increased significantly beyond the preset initial setting, while the color temperature does not increase or only increases slightly. This setting is suitable for working at night or in the evening and has no significant interference on the circadian rhythm system. However, it can also be used during the day to promote concentrated work.

[0189] In Figure 10b , an example of the trend after the change of the optical parameters in the setting of "Work late" is shown. In Figure 3b and 3c , this is a trend in the intermediate region between the preset trend and the upper limit trend.

[0190] The setting "HCL daylight" can also be called "HCL mode", "Daylight", "Standard operation", "Daylight dynamic", "Natural lighting" or described by similar concepts, which symbolically represents that the lighting basically tends to the natural daylight trend.

[0191] In Figure 10c , an example of the preset trend of the optical parameters in the setting of "HCL daylight" is shown. In Figure 3b and 3c , this is a trend close to the preset trend.

[0192] The setting "Creative" can also be called "Creativity lighting" etc. It has been confirmed in research that creativity is higher in warm white light than in conventional light or when the color temperature increases. In certain cases, it may be beneficial to change from this preset during the day when bright, daylight-like lighting is implemented as "Standard HCL lighting" and select the "Creative setting", for example, to conduct creativity training camps, brainstorming or other activities where less concentration and attention are required, and a more inspiring and creativity-promoting atmosphere is expected.

[0193] In Figure 10d , an example of the preset trend of the optical parameters in the setting of "Creative" is shown. In Figure 3b and 3c , this is a trend in the intermediate region between the preset trend and the lower limit trend.

[0194] The setting "Relax" can also be called "Rest" etc. Warm colors and brightness reduced below the normal "working level" promote relaxation and create a familiar atmosphere. Application scenarios are, for example, relaxing sessions in the afternoon or evening, but can also be for "Christmas atmosphere" or the like.

[0195] In Figure 10e an example, the trend after the change of the light parameter in the "Relax" setting is shown. In Figure 3b and 3c , this is a trend close to the lower limit trend.

[0196] As described above, five discrete settings are described. Therefore, it can be stipulated that the one-dimensional user input can also take values between these discrete settings. The resulting trend of the light parameter can then be displayed as a bar chart in the example according to Figures 10a to 10e . Multiple possible user inputs on a one-dimensional scale can also be grouped into more than the above five groups or other names.

[0197] Therefore, for example, 11 or 7 subgroups can be defined for each of the above 5 settings, resulting in a total of 55 or 35 discrete settings. Any other number of subgroups can also be considered.

[0198] Advantageously, the number of settings selected is such that when the user switches from one setting to another, there is no jump in intensity or color temperature that would be disturbing to the user.

[0199] At the same time, it is advantageous that the number of defined settings does not result in the user not noticing a change even when the user input changes significantly. The above number between 35 and 55 setting possibilities has proven to be advantageous for this.

[0200] In one example, the trend of the light parameter over a 24-hour day is defined by 20 time points. In addition, for each of the 20 time points, 35 discrete settings define the possible user settings. Thus, a 20×35-point matrix is obtained for each light parameter. This matrix can be calculated and stored fixed as a table in the memory of the control device. During operation, first, the 20 time points can be correlated with the real local time once a day, and over time, interpolation can be performed between the next two time points in the actual local time for the corresponding user settings. In the case where the microcontroller performance in the control unit is not very strong, this can significantly reduce the time spent on light parameter calculation. In Figure 3d an example of 21 user settings and 20 time points is depicted.

[0201] In another embodiment, the visualization of the one-dimensional user input can be achieved by text, where the size of the text represents the value of the setting. This is shown, for example, in Figures 11a to 11c .

[0202] The category corresponding to the selected setting can be displayed in a larger font size compared to adjacent settings and more distant settings.

[0203] The font size is finely graded and adjusted in multiple steps approximately similarly to the setting selected by the user.Figures 11a to 11c Exemplarily, three visualizations consisting of a potentially large number of pictures for providing feedback on settings to the user are shown. Here, Figure 11a the illustration in Figure 11b corresponds to the setting "boost". Figure 11c the illustration in

[0204] corresponds to the setting between "daylight" and "working late". Figure 12a and 12b the illustration in

[0205] Another way of displaying is schematically shown in Figure 13 and

[0206] Here, the actual value of the one-dimensional user input is shown by an arrow on an arc scale. The characteristics of the set value can be shown, similar to the foregoing, by color and / or font size in addition to the display concept.

[0207] However, a wireless connection can also be provided.

[0208] In some embodiments, the one-dimensional user preset setting can also be made or only made via a program running on a mobile device 5 (such as a smartphone or a tablet). The mobile device 5 can communicate with the control device via a radio protocol.

[0209] The lighting system also has one or more sensors 6, which detect, for example, brightness or presence of persons and transmit them to the control device. The sensors 6 are connected to the control device 2 by cables. However, a wireless connection can also be provided.

[0210] Although the present invention is further illustrated and described in detail by the shown embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can derive other variants therefrom without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0211] Overall, as long as it is not explicitly excluded, for example, by the expression "exactly one", etc., "a (ein, eine)", etc. can be understood as singular or plural, especially for "at least one" or "one or more", etc.

[0212] Unless explicitly excluded, numerical specifications may exactly include the recited numbers or may also include common tolerance ranges.

[0213] As long as feasible, all individual features described in the embodiments may be combined with and / or exchanged with each other without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0214] Description of reference numerals

[0215] 1 Lighting facility

[0216] 2 Control device

[0217] 3 Input facility

[0218] 4 Display device

[0219] 5 Mobile device

[0220] 6 Sensor

[0221] 7 Rotary regulator

Claims

1. Lighting system, having one or more light sources (1) and control means (2) for adjusting the light parameters of the light source (1) during operation, the control means (2) being arranged to adjust the light parameters as a function of time in accordance with one or more preset trends of the light parameters, characterized in that, the control means (2) is further arranged to receive a one-dimensional user input and to switch from the current trend among the plurality of trends corresponding to the one-dimensional user input to another trend among the plurality of preset trends, wherein the control means (2) is further arranged to change the current trend of the light parameters according to other input values, and wherein the control means (2) is further arranged to determine the other input values and / or to receive the other input values by an external sensor (6), wherein the other input values are initially calculated together with the manipulated variable input by the user via an input means as a single variable, and then the variable is used as the one-dimensional user input of the lighting system.

2. Lighting system according to claim 1, wherein, the light parameters are the intensity, color temperature, radiation direction and / or emission angle of the light emitted by the light source (1) during operation.

3. Lighting system according to any one of the preceding claims, further having an input facility (3) connected to the control means (2), the input facility being for inputting the one-dimensional user input.

4. Lighting system according to claim 3, wherein, the input facility (3) is a direct input facility, in particular a switch, a keyboard, a rotary or sliding control, or an application running on a computer (5).

5. Lighting system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the control means (2) is further arranged to change the plurality of trends of the light parameters in a non-linear relationship with the one-dimensional user input.

6. Lighting system according to claim 5, wherein, the control means (2) is further arranged to take into account the maximum value and / or minimum value for the light parameters when changing the plurality of trends of the light parameters.

7. Lighting system according to claim 6, wherein, the maximum value and / or minimum value is related to a time parameter and / or to a parameter different from the time parameter.

8. Lighting system according to claim 5, wherein, the control means (2) is further arranged to reset the changed trend of the light parameters to the preset plurality of trends of the light parameters after a preset first time period.

9. Lighting system according to claim 5, wherein, the control means (2) is further arranged to comply with the trend of the change in the light parameters also after being turned off and then turned on again if there is at most a predetermined third time period between the turning off and the turning on again of the one or more light sources.

10. Lighting system according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein, the input facility (3) has a display device (4), wherein the input facility (2) is arranged to display the degree of change in the trend of the light parameters on the display device (4).

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