Method and apparatus for communication

Abstract

An apparatus can be configured to receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node, receive, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, where the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node, and transmit, to the first network node, a first report, where the first report includes at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Example and non-limiting embodiments relate generally to uplink MIMO / beamforming, and more specifically to simultaneous transmission across multiple panels (STxMP). BACKGROUND

[0002] In cellular communications, it is known for a user equipment to provide a power headroom report (PHR). SUMMARY

[0003] The following summary is provided merely for purposes of summarizing the application. The summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0004] According to an aspect, an apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receive, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and transmit, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0005] According to an aspect, a method comprises receiving, with a user equipment, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0006] According to an aspect, an apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0007] According to an aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing receiving, with a user equipment, a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and causing sending, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0008] According to an aspect, an apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: send, to a user equipment, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; send, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the apparatus and the network node; and receive, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0009] According to an aspect, a method comprising: sending, with a first network node, a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; sending, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and receiving, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0010] According to an aspect, an apparatus comprising means for: sending, to a user equipment, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; sending, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the apparatus and the network node; and receiving, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0011] According to an aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing transmission, with a first network node, of a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing transmission of a second indication of a network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and causing reception of a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report includes at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0012] According to an aspect, an apparatus includes at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: transmit, to a user equipment, an indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; and receive a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report includes at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0013] According to an aspect, a method includes: transmitting, with a first network node, of an indication to a user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; and receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report includes at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0014] According to an aspect, an apparatus includes means for: transmitting, to a user equipment, an indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; and receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report includes at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0015] According to an aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing transmission, with a first network node, of an indication to a user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; and causing reception of a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report includes at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0016] According to some aspects, the subject matter of the independent claims is provided. Some further aspects are defined in the dependent claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The above aspects and other features are explained in the following description in view of the drawings that show at:

[0018] Figure 1is a block diagram of one possible and non-limiting example system in which example embodiments can be practiced;

[0019] Figure 2 is a graph illustrating features as described herein;

[0020] Figure 3 is a graph illustrating features as described herein;

[0021] Figure 4 is a graph illustrating features as described herein;

[0022] Figure 5 is a graph illustrating features as described herein;

[0023] Figure 6 is a flow diagram illustrating steps as described herein;

[0024] Figure 7 is a graph illustrating features as described herein;

[0025] Figure 8 is a graph illustrating features as described herein;

[0026] Figure 9 is a graph illustrating features as described herein;

[0027] Figure 10 is a graph illustrating features as described herein;

[0028] Figure 11 is a flow diagram illustrating steps as described herein;

[0029] Figure 12 is a flow diagram illustrating steps as described herein; and

[0030] Figure 13 is a flow diagram illustrating steps as described herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following abbreviations which can occur in the specification and / or drawings, are defined as follows:

[0032] 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project

[0033] 5G Fifth Generation

[0034] 5GC 5G Core Network

[0035] AMF Access and Mobility Management Function

[0036] CE Control Element

[0037] CPE Customer Premise Equipment

[0038] CRI CSI-RS resource indicator

[0039] CSI channel state information

[0040] cRAN cloud radio access network

[0041] CRI corresponding resource indicator

[0042] CU central unit

[0043] DCI downlink control information

[0044] DL downlink

[0045] DU distributed unit

[0046] EIRP equivalent isotropic radiated power

[0047] eNB (or eNodeB) evolved Node B (e.g., LTE base station)

[0048] EN-DC E-UTRA-NR dual connectivity

[0049] en-gNB or En-gNB A node that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to a UE

[0050] Terminates the node and acts as a secondary node in EN-DC

[0051] E-UTRA evolved universal terrestrial radio access, i.e., LTE

[0052] Wireless access technology

[0053] FWA fixed wireless access

[0054] gNB (or gNodeB) 5G / NR base station, i.e., a node that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to a UE

[0055] and connects to a 5GC via

[0056] NG interface

[0057] I / F interface

[0058] L1 layer 1

[0059] LTE long term evolution

[0060] MAC medium access control

[0061] mDCI multiple downlink control information

[0062] MIMO multiple input multiple output

[0063] MME mobility management entity

[0064] MPE maximum permissible exposure

[0065] MPR maximum power reduction

[0066] mTRP multi-transmission and reception point

[0067] ng or NG new generation

[0068] ng-eNB or NG-eNB new generation eNB

[0069] NR new radio

[0070] N / W or NW network

[0071] O-RAN open radio access network

[0072] PA power amplifier

[0073] PDCP packet data convergence protocol

[0074] PH power headroom

[0075] PHR power headroom report

[0076] PHY physical layer

[0077] P-MPR power management maximum power reduction

[0078] PRB physical resource block

[0079] PUSCH physical uplink shared channel

[0080] RAN radio access network

[0081] RB resource block

[0082] RF radio frequency

[0083] RLC radio link control

[0084] RRC radio resource control

[0085] RRH remote radio head

[0086] RS reference signal

[0087] RSRP reference signal received power

[0088] RU radio unit

[0089] Rx receiver

[0090] SCH shared channel

[0091] SDAP service data adaptation protocol

[0092] sDCI single downlink control information

[0093] SGW serving gateway

[0094] SINR signal to interference plus noise ratio

[0095] SMF session management function

[0096] SSB synchronization signal block

[0097] SSBRI synchronization signal block resource block indicator

[0098] STxMP simultaneous transmission across multiple panels

[0099] TCI transmission configuration indicator

[0100] TRP total radiated power

[0101] TRP transmission reception point

[0102] Tx transmitter

[0103] UE user equipment (e.g., wireless, typically mobile device)

[0104] UL uplink

[0105] UPF user plane function

[0106] VNR virtualized network function

[0107] To Figure 1 , the figure illustrates a block diagram of one possible and non-limiting example in which examples can be practiced. User equipment (UE) 110, radio access network (RAN) node 170, and network element(s) 190 are shown. In Figure 1In the example of FIG. 1, a user equipment (UE) 110 is in wireless communication with a wireless network 100. The UE is a wireless device that can access the wireless network 100. The UE 110 includes one or more processors 120, one or more memories 125, and one or more transceivers 130 interconnected through one or more buses 127. Each of the one or more transceivers 130 includes a receiver, Rx, 132 and a transmitter, Tx, 133. The one or more buses 127 can be address, data, or control buses, and can include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, fiber optics or other optical communication devices, and the like. “Circuitry” can include dedicated hardware or hardware associated with software executable on the hardware. The one or more transceivers 130 are connected to one or more antennas 128. The one or more memories 125 include computer program code 123. The UE 110 includes modules 140, which include one or both of portions 140-1 and / or 140-2, which can be implemented in a variety of ways. The modules 140 can be implemented as modules 140-1 in hardware, such as part of the one or more processors 120. The modules 140-1 can also be implemented as integrated circuits or through other hardware, such as programmable gate arrays. In another example, the modules 140 can be implemented as modules 140-2, which are implemented as computer program code 123 and executed by the one or more processors 120. For example, the one or more memories 125 and computer program code 123 can be configured to, with the one or more processors 120, cause the user equipment 110 to perform one or more of the operations described herein. The UE 110 communicates with a RAN node 170 via a wireless link 111.

[0108] The RAN nodes 170 in the present example are base stations that provide access to the wireless network 100 for wireless devices, such as UEs 110. The RAN nodes 170 can be, for example, base stations for 5G (also referred to as New Radio (NR)). In 5G, the RAN nodes 170 can be NG-RAN nodes, which are defined to be gNBs or ng-eNBs. A gNB is a node that terminates the NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward the UE and connects to a 5GC (such as the network element(s) 190, for example) via the NG interface. An ng-eNB is a node that terminates the E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward the UE and connects to a 5GC via the NG interface. The NG-RAN nodes can include multiple gNBs, which can also include a central unit (CU) (gNB-CU) 196 and distributed unit(s) (DU) (gNB-DU), of which the DUs 195 are shown. Note that the DUs can include or be coupled to and control radio units (RUs). The gNB-CU is a logical node hosting the RRC, SDAP, and PDCP protocols of a gNB or the RRC and PDCP protocols of an en-gNB, which controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. The gNB-CU terminates the Fl interface with the gNB-DU connected to it. The Fl interface is shown as reference 198, although the reference 198 also shows links between remote elements of the RAN nodes 170 and centralized elements of the RAN nodes 170, such as between the gNB-CU 196 and the gNB-DUs 195. The gNB-DU is a logical node hosting the RLC, MAC, and PHY layers of a gNB or en-gNB, and whose operation is controlled in part by the gNB-CU. One gNB-CU supports one or more cells. One cell is supported by only one gNB-DU. The gNB-DU terminates the Fl interface 198 with the gNB-CU connected to it. Note that the DUs 195 are considered to include the transceivers 160, for example as part of the RUs, although some examples of such cases can have the transceivers 160 as part of separate RUs, for example under the control of and connected to the DUs 195. The RAN nodes 170 can also be eNB (Evolved NodeB) base stations for LTE (Long Term Evolution), or any other suitable base station, access point, access node, or node.

[0109] The RAN node 170 includes one or more processors 152, one or more memories 155, one or more network interfaces (N / W I / F) 161, and one or more transceivers 160 interconnected through one or more buses 157. Each of the one or more transceivers 160 includes a receiver, Rx, 162 and a transmitter, Tx, 163. The one or more transceivers 160 are connected to one or more antennas 158. The one or more memories 155 include computer program code 153. The CU 196 can include the processor(s) 152, the memory 155, and the network interface 161. Note that the DU 195 can also contain its own memory or memories and processor(s) and / or other hardware, but these are not shown.

[0110] The RAN node 170 includes a module 150, which includes one or both of parts 150-1 and / or 150-2, which can be implemented in a variety of ways. The module 150 can be implemented in hardware as module 150-1, such as implemented as part of the processor(s) 152. The module 150-1 can also be implemented as an integrated circuit or through other hardware, such as a programmable gate array. In another example, the module 150 can be implemented as module 150-2, which is implemented as computer program code 153 and executed by the processor(s) 152. For instance, the memory or memories 155 and the computer program code 153 are configured with the processor(s) 152 to cause the RAN node 170 to perform one or more operations as described herein. Note that the functionality of the module 150 can be distributed, such as between the DU 195 and the CU 196, or implemented only in the DU 195.

[0111] The one or more network interfaces 161 communicate through networks, such as via links 176 and 131. Two or more gNBs 170 can communicate using, for example, link 176. The link 176 can be wired or wireless or both and can implement, for example, an Xn interface for 5G, an X2 interface for LTE, or other suitable interface for other standards.

[0112] The one or more buses 157 can be address, data, or control buses, and can include any interconnection mechanism, such as a series of lines on a motherboard or integrated circuit, fiber optics or other optical communication equipment, wireless channels, and the like. For example, the one or more transceivers 160 can be implemented as a remote radio head (RRH) 195 for LTE or a distributed unit (DU) 195 for gNB implementations for 5G, where other elements of the RAN node 170 can be physically located in a different location from the RRH / DU, and the one or more buses 157 can be implemented, in part, as, for example, fiber optic cables or other suitable network connections to connect the other elements of the RAN node 170 (e.g., central unit (CU), gNB-CU) to the RRH / DU 195. Reference 198 also indicates those suitable network link(s) as well.

[0113] It should be noted that the description herein indicates that a“cell” performs functions, but it should be clear that the device forming the cell will perform those functions. A cell constitutes a part of a base station. That is, each base station can have multiple cells. For example, for a single carrier frequency and associated bandwidth, there can be three cells each covering one third of a 360 degree area so that the coverage area of a single base station covers an approximately elliptical or circular shape. Further, each cell can correspond to a single carrier, and a base station can use multiple carriers. Thus, if there are three 120 degree cells per carrier and there are two carriers, then a base station has a total of 6 cells.

[0114] The wireless network 100 can include one or more network elements 190, which can comprise core network functions, and which provide connectivity via one or more links 181 to additional networks, such as a telephone network and / or a data communications network (e.g., the Internet). Such core network functions for 5G can include Access and Mobility Management Function(s) ((AMF(s)) and / or User Plane Function(s) ((UPF(s)) and / or Session Management Function(s) ((SMF(s)). Such core network functions for LTE can include MME (Mobility Management Entity) / SGW (Serving Gateway) functions. These are merely illustrative functions that can be supported by network element(s) 190, and note that both 5G and LTE functions can be supported. The RAN nodes 170 are coupled to the network elements 190 via links 131. The links 131 can be implemented, for example, as an NG interface for 5G, or an SI interface for LTE, or other suitable interfaces for other standards. The network elements 190 include one or more processors 175, one or more memories 171, and one or more network interfaces ((N / W I / F(s)) 180, interconnected through one or more buses 185. The one or more memories 171 include computer program code 173. The one or more memories 171 and the computer program code 173 are configured to, with the one or more processors 175, cause the network elements 190 to perform one or more operations.

[0115] The wireless network 100 can implement network virtualization, which is the process of combining hardware and software network resources into a single, software-based, managed entity (a virtual network). Network virtualization involves platform virtualization, often combined with resource virtualization. Network virtualization is classified into external virtualization and internal virtualization, external virtualization combines many networks, or parts of networks, into a virtual unit, internal virtualization provides network-like functionality to software containers on a single system. For example, a network can be deployed in a telco cloud, with virtualized network functions (VNFs) running on, for example, data center servers. For example, network core functions and / or radio access networks (e.g., CloudRAN, O-RAN, edge cloud) can be virtualized. Note that the virtualized entities resulting from network virtualization still use hardware (such as processors 152 or 175 and memories 155 and 171) at some level to implement, and such virtualized entities also produce technical effects.

[0116] It can also be noted that the operations of the example embodiments of the present disclosure can be performed by multiple cooperating devices (e.g., cRAN).

[0117] The computer-readable memories 125, 155, and 171 can be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and can be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor based memory devices, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory. The computer-readable memories 125, 155, and 171 can be means for performing storage functions. The processors 120, 152, and 175 can be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, and can include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multi-core processor architectures, as non-limiting examples. The processors 120, 152, and 175 can be means for performing functions, such as controlling the UE 110, the RAN node 170, and other functions as described herein.

[0118] Generally, the various embodiments of the user equipment 110 can include, but are not limited to, cellular telephones such as smart phones, tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs) having wireless communication capabilities, portable computers having wireless communication capabilities, image capture devices such as digital cameras having wireless communication capabilities, gaming devices having wireless communication capabilities, music storage and playback appliances having wireless communication capabilities, Internet appliances permitting wireless Internet access and browsing, tablets with wireless communication capabilities, as well as portable units or terminals that incorporate combinations of such functions.

[0119] A suitable, non-limiting technical context for the practice of the example embodiments of this disclosure is thereby introduced, and the example embodiments will now be described in more specific terms.

[0120] Features as described herein generally relate to simultaneous transmission across multiple panels (STxMP). At RAN#98e, the work item on multiple input multiple output (MIMO) evolution, RP-223276, was approved for downlink and uplink. One of its goals is the study and specification of STxMP for multi-transmission and reception point (multi-TRP) operation.

[0121] In the RAN4 radio frequency (RF) group, the discussion focuses on uplink (UL) power requirements for simultaneous transmission by multiple UE panels. When two panels transmit at maximum power amplifier (PA) power and the two directional TX beams are directed to the same direction and are constructively added, the maximum peak equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) of the UE is achieved, as shown in Figure 2 Figure 2 ​In the example of Figure 2, beams 220, 230 from two panels 210, 220 of the UE are directed to the same general direction. When both panels are pointed in the same direction, the maximum radiated power can be achieved. The panels can also be understood as antenna panels, and are referred to as such.

[0122] Since the maximum peak EIRP is a regulatory requirement, the UE must apply power back-off autonomously to ensure that it does not violate the radiated power requirements.

[0123] The RANI WID (Work Item Description) is for fixed wireless access (FWA), customer premises equipment (CPE), vehicular equipment, and / or industrial equipment; these can be considered as power class 1 and 2 equipment, although this is not required (i.e., other power classes are possible). The maximum output power limits for power classes 1 and 2 are specified in 3GPP TS 38.101-2, and the table covering the UL MIMO cases is reproduced below for reference.

[0124] Referring now to Table 1, Table 6.2D.1.1-3: UE maximum output power limits for UL MIMO for power class 1 is shown:

[0125]

[0126] Table 1

[0127] Referring now to Table 2, Table 6.2D.1.2-2: UE maximum output power limits for UL MIMO for power class 2 is shown:

[0128]

[0129] Table 2

[0130] Tables 1 and 2 show that during UL MIMO with multiple active panels, the maximum power limit per UE panel is the same as when operating with a single active panel. That is, each UE panel (operating alone) must be below the total radiated power (TRP) value of 35 dBm, and a UE with simultaneous transmitting panels must also be below the TRP value of 35 dBm. For example, for 4-layer UL MIMO, each panel can transmit at 29 dBm (i.e., 35 dBm available power divided by 2 panels, divided by 2 polarizations). It is clear, therefore, that the output power limit is defined per UE, not per UE panel.

[0131] In Figure 2In some implementations, both antenna panels 210, 230 are mounted on the same side of the FWA device, and if both panels are transmitting at maximum, there is a risk of exceeding the UE power limit. Moreover, even in other implementations, the combined radiated power can exceed the maximum EIRP. For example, this can be in the overlapping region of use cases, such as Figure 3 as shown in FIG. 3.

[0132] Referring now to Figure 3 , an example of a UE architecture is shown that results in regions where there is overlap, and if the UE does not use power backoff, the sum radiated power can exceed the specified limit. FWA 310 includes two panels on the same side, which can result in overlapping region 320. FWA 330 includes panels on different sides, which can still result in overlapping region 340. The power management maximum power reduction (P-MPR) framework allows the UE to reduce the maximum transmit power defined in TS 38.101-2 on each of the transmitters so as to comply with regulatory requirements for maximum EIRP. P-MPR f,c is the power management maximum output power reduction. The UE shall apply P-MPR f,c only to the carrier f of serving cell c.

[0133] The determined overlap can include overlap between activated UE panels. Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap can include overlap between angles of arrival. Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap can include overlap between angles of departure. Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap can include UE Tx beam radiation pattern (beam width). Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap can include UE Tx beam steering angle. Additionally or alternatively, the determined overlap can include UE Tx antenna gain.

[0134] Features described herein can generally relate to a power headroom report (PHR). The PHR is a kind of MAC control element (CE) message as defined in 3GPP TS 38.321 and is used to report the power headroom (PH). The PH is defined as the difference between the nominal maximum output power and the estimated output power used for UL-SCH transmission: PH = UE maximum transmission power - PUSCH power = Pmax - P_pusch.

[0135] Referring now to Figure 4 , an example of a PHR as specified in TS 38.321 is shown. The network uses the PH to assess how many uplink resources it can schedule to the UE without exceeding its maximum power. P CMAX is defined in TS 38.101-2 as the configured UE maximum transmit power.

[0136] 3GPP RAN4 Way Forward after February meeting (R4-2303495) leads to the following:

[0137] “… From UE RF agenda proposed for next meeting, RAN4#106-bis-e

[0138] 3. Overall and work plan

[0139] 4. UE RF on simultaneous transmission (STxMP) with multi-panel

[0140] 2.1 Per-panel power limitation

[0141] 2.2 Per-UE power limitation

[0142] <Agreed>: FR2 power class applicability

[0143] Only PC1 / PC2 / PC4 / PC5 / [PC6] are considered.

[0144] <Agreed>

[0145] If needed, the currently defined power classes should be further considered as a reference for any power limitation discussion while defining new requirements for STxMP cases.

[0146] <Way forward>: Power configured per TCI state for “per-panel” power limitation

[0147] - Companies are encouraged to provide views on “per-TCI state” power limitation or other solutions supporting “per-panel” power control based on actual implementation considerations.

[0148] <Way forward>: Method to specify “per-UE” power limitation

[0149] - Companies are encouraged to provide views on “per-UE” power limitation for STxMP with the following options

[0150] - Option 1: Reuse legacy requirements for STxMP

[0151] - Option 2: Define new requirements as “total power concept” for STxMP

[0152] The features as described herein can relate to simultaneous transmission of multiple beams. When transmitting simultaneously on multiple beams and the beams overlap (see Figure 5As an example of a use case (see Figure 1), there is a risk of beams transmitted from each panel overlapping, so the UE peak EIRP for certain directions exceeds the maximum allowed EIRP. Therefore, the UE must reduce its output power to comply with regulatory requirements, i.e. maximum total radiated power (TRP) and maximum peak EIRP.

[0153] As the network is not aware of the UE radiation pattern and panel locations, it cannot assess whether UL beams are overlapping and whether P-MPR needs to be performed by the UE for a given beam combination.

[0154] P-MPR is applied autonomously by the UE and the gNB is not aware of the actual P-MPR value used by the UE nor when it is used. P-MPR reduces the P CMAX value in the PHR report (which reduces PH), but the network is not aware whether P CMAX is reduced due to P-MPR, or due to other factors, or due to a combination of them.

[0155] Beams are identified by transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states. The gNB can add or change the active TCI state(s) / beams of the UE depending on radio conditions, mobility, etc. Referring now to Figure 5 , an example of a use case is shown where the network can take P-MPR into account and prioritize an alternative TCI state because it does not incur P-MPR. Assume that the maximum EIRP is exceeded. The UE (505) can direct the beam in the direction where there is a reflector (515), e.g. in order to avoid an obstruction (520), and reach TRP B (530). At 510, the beam can be a beam without MPR if TCI state Y is configured on TRP B. At 525, TCI state Y can be active on TRP B.

[0156] The UE (505) can direct the beam in the direction where there is a reflector (540), e.g. in order to avoid an obstruction (520), and reach TRP B (530). At 545, TCI state X can be active on TRP B.

[0157] The UE (505) can direct the beam in the direction of TRP A (555). At 550, the current TCI state can be on TRP A. At 535, there can be overlapping beams to TRP A and TRP B if TCI state X is configured on TRP B. TRP A and TRP B can belong to the same cell or to different cells. If TRP A and TRP B belong to different cells, these different cells can be located in the same gNB or in different gNBs.

[0158] In one example, assume that the L1-RSRP measurement report has indicated the following RSRP values:

[0159] a) For TCI state X, L1-RSRP = -80 dBm;

[0160] b) For TCI state Y, L1-RSRP = -81 dBm.

[0161] Further, assume that the UE is switched from operating in 1 UL TCI state to operating in 2 UL TCI states simultaneously (i.e., STxMP operation, (e.g., from requesting additional uplink data to be scheduled)), and the UE is transmitting at maximum power (e.g., maximum bandwidth allocation). Therefore, the uplink resource allocation for the UE is power limited (due to maximum PRB allocation and link budget), and the following P-MPR values would apply (due to maximum power transmission) to each of the above candidate links:

[0162] c) P-MPR for TCI state X = 3 dB, and P-MPR for current TCI state = 3 dB;

[0163] d) P-MPR for TCI state Y = 0 dB, and P-MPR for current TCI state = 3 dB.

[0164] In this case, even though the L1-RSRP level suggests that the link budget for TCI state X is better (report in a)), the gNB would select TCI state X to add to the current TCI state for STxMP operation. However, this beam selection would result in sub-optimal UL performance. In contrast, selecting TCI state Y would be more beneficial as this would avoid the 3 dB P-MPR (only known at the UE from d), so the PH would increase by 2 dB in total. In summary, the network does not know the impact of P-MPR in advance, so it can sub-optimally select TCI state X.

[0165] In this disclosure, PRB and resource block (RB) can be used interchangeably; while an example can refer to only one of them, the other can be substituted as appropriate.

[0166] P-MPR can be applied by the UE during TCI addition / change as the added / changed TCI state / beam can overlap with another active TCI state / beam of the UE, resulting in sub-optimal beam selection and sub-optimal UE transmit power. In an example embodiment, the network can be informed of the potential P-MPR before the network selects a pair of beams for simultaneous TX (i.e., STxMP). The technical effect of an example embodiment of this disclosure can be to fully exploit the potential of UL MIMO.

[0167] The considered beam pair update can be provided due to / in response to various reasons. For example, the update can be provided due to addition of a second TRP, due to change in channel conditions, due to UE movement / rotation, etc.

[0168] In an example embodiment, the network can be informed by the UE of the P-MPR (up to 3 dB) to be applied due to STxMP (i.e. passively), or the P-MPR (up to 3 dB) to be applied due to STxMP if TCI switching is performed (i.e. actively). Based on this information, the network can evaluate the selection of TCI state(s) for the UE in the UL and optimize the UL performance by taking into account the potential P-MPR due to STxMP. In other words, a more accurate UL estimation can be provided by the UE to the network by informing the network of the need for P-MPR, which can optimize the gNB UL beam selection.

[0169] In an example embodiment, the UE reporting can be added to inform the network of the P-MPR due to STxMP on the selected beam pair, e.g. by actively indicating the P-MPR reduction due to potential switching to a different UL TCI state combination for simultaneous UL transmission.

[0170] In an example embodiment, the UE reporting can be added to inform the network of the P-MPR due to STxMP on the selected beam pair, e.g. by passively indicating the actual P-MPR for the actual TX beam combination for simultaneous UL transmission.

[0171] In an example embodiment, the network can consider alternative beam combinations while taking into account the required P-MPR. The technical effect of example embodiments of the present disclosure can be to enable the network to select a beam combination with similar path loss but less P-MPR (e.g. because the beams do not overlap).

[0172] In one example embodiment, if the UE has sufficient margin to P max , e.g. the reported PH is much higher than PH=0, the network can still pick to schedule a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) on a pair of beams that can cause P-MPR.

[0173] In one example embodiment, P-MPR can be reported by the UE to the network in a proactive manner (e.g., proactive P-MPR reporting), and the gNB can accordingly reselect the beam pair and avoid switching to a non-preferred UL beam pair. In one example embodiment, the UE (i.e., the UE configured for STxMP) can report the TCI state(s) belonging to TRP B to TRP A. For example, the UE can report the potential P-MPR resulting from the combination of the active UL TCI state of TRP B (i.e., the UL TCI state embedded in the activation codepoint, e.g., 4 UL TCI states) with the currently indicated UL TCI state on TRP A. In one example embodiment, there can be one report per indicated TCI. Alternatively, a combined report can be used for all indicated TCI states.

[0174] In one alternative example embodiment, the UE can report all combinations of activated UL TCI states for each TRP. This can require the PHR report to be significantly extended.

[0175] An additional field can be used to associate the P-MPR value with the resource indicator (see, e.g., Figure 10 ). In example embodiments, the existing single-TRP PHR can be used for proactive P-MPR reporting. In alternative example embodiments, the multi-TRP PHR can be updated by adding the beam information for the alternative TCI states used for proactive P-MPR reporting, e.g., as already done for the single-TRP PHR. In alternative example embodiments, the L1-RSRP report can be updated to include the P-MPR for potential TCI state switching for proactive P-MPR reporting.

[0176] In example embodiments, P-MPR can be reported by the UE to the network in a passive manner (e.g., passive P-MPR reporting). The technical effect of this example embodiment can be to minimize the UE reporting on the selected beam pair, and / or to enable the gNB to switch the UL beam to a better pair again. This example embodiment implies multiple TCI state switching, which can have the technical effect of slowing down network operation (e.g., due to TCI switching delay requirements). This example embodiment can be considered to provide a simpler specification and UE procedure implementation. This example embodiment can require the UE to inform the network on the P-MPR actually applied.

[0177] In example embodiments, P-MPR can be reported passively using the existing multi-TRP PHR solution (i.e., without adding information, e.g., see Figures 8 to 9 ). In alternative example embodiments, the L1-RSRP report can be updated to include the P-MPR for the current beam combination for passive P-MPR reporting.

[0178] Reference is now made to Figure 6 , showing a message sequence chart for the proactive exchange of P-MPR information from the UE to the TRPs. The two alternative methods (PHR and L1-RSRP reporting) are shown as alternatives 1 (635) and 2 (650), respectively. Either single downlink control information (sDCI) operation or multi downlink control information (mDCI) operation can be used in relation to Figure 6 .

[0179] At 605, TRP A can perform RRC connection setup between TRP A and the UE. At 610, TRP A can send unified TCI state activation / deactivation to the UE. At 615, TRP A can send RRC reconfiguration to the UE adding TRP B. This can include P-MPR threshold(s) for reporting candidate beams for STxMP. In an example embodiment, the signaling of P-MPR thresholds at 615 (RRC reconfiguration) can support proactive P-MPR reporting and passive P-MPR reporting. This can allow the network to configure threshold values for P-MPR ranges that can be reported by the P-MPR bits. The RRC reconfiguration can be optional.

[0180] At 620, TRP B can send unified TCI state activation / deactivation to the UE. At 625, at the UE, the MAC CE “unified TCI state activation / deactivation” can contain a set of activated codepoints (up to 8 codepoints). At 630, the UE can extract the uplink / joint TCI states from the codepoint list. The corresponding UL beam for each TCI state can be determined from the measurement of the reference signal specified in the QCL information (included in the TCI state information).

[0181] In one example embodiment, the activated codepoints can be configured by the “unified TCI state activation / deactivation” MAC CE message (620), and the UE can report PH (640, 645) or L1 RSRP (655, 660) for the four best TCI states.

[0182] In a non-limiting example, the report can include: P-MPR1 for a pair of the best TCI of TRP1 and TCI X of TRP B; P-MPR2 for a pair of the second best TCI of TRP1 and TCI X of TRP B; P-MPR3 for a pair of the third best TCI of TRP1 and TCI X of TRP B; and so on.

[0183] In alternative 1 (635), using PHR on MAC CE, at 640, the UE can send a PHR report to TRP A in a MAC CE, which can include P-MPR indication for the four best beams for TRP A. At 645, the UE can send a PHR report to TRP B in a MAC CE, which can include P-MPR indication for the four best beams for TRP B.

[0184] In alternative 2 (650), using L1-RSRP in UCI, at 655, the UE can send L1-RSRP to TRP A in a channel state information (CSI) report, which can include P-MPR indication for the 4 best beams for TRP A. At 660, the UE can send L1-RSRP to TRP B in a CSI report, which can include P-MPR indication for the 4 best beams for TRP B.

[0185] It can be noted that L1 beam management typically reports four best beams. The four best beams (or TCI states) indicated to TRP A (e.g., at 640 or 655) and TRP B (e.g., at 645 or 660) can be independent of each other. In an example embodiment, the PH and P-MPR reported in the dual PHR report can be different between the different TRPs. The reporting to each TRP can be done assuming that the TCI states on the other TRP are unchanged. If the network needs to change the TCI states on both TRPs, it can be assumed that it happens in sequence (e.g., utilize messages in addition to 680).

[0186] In an example embodiment, the L1 reporting including STxMP P-MPR can be a trigger for the network to configure the UE with a single PHR reporting mode or with a twoPHR reporting mode. The twoPHRmode is defined in TS 38.213 with: If a UE is provided twoPHRMode on an active UL BWP b of a carrier f of a serving cell c and is provided two SRS resource sets in srs-ResourceSetToAddModList or srs-ResourceSetToAddModListDCI-0-2 with usage set to "codebook" or "nonCodebook", the UE can provide two Type 1 power headroom reports in a slot n. TS 38.331 also defines that twoPHRmode is used for the UE to send PHR as 2 PHR in sDCI operation in mTRP.

[0187] In an example embodiment, the P-MPR can be reported along with the L1 RSRP / PHR. The network can then use this information to set the new indicated TCI state (680).

[0188] In one example embodiment, if at least one pair of activated TCI states is to be indicated by a TRP through a single DCI, the UE can report to the TRP the P-MPR to be applied, where the reporting is prior to the indication. In one alternative example embodiment, the UE can report to the TRP the P-MPR that is applied for the indicated pair of activated TCI states.

[0189] The received P-MPR indication can be shared among the TRPs with a backhaul link at 665. The combined information can be used to select an alternative beam that is not (or less) affected by the P-MPR. The information can be exchanged between TRP A and TRP B over the backhaul at 670. At 675, TRP A can decide to switch the beam for the UE while taking into account the P-MPR information. For example, a certain pair of TCI states can cause a lower P-MPR or a higher UE power compared to other pairs of activated TCI states.

[0190] At 680, TRP A can send a DCI 1_1 to the UE, which can set the new TCI state(s). A pair of activated TCI states can be indicated to the UE in a single DCI (i.e., sDCI). Alternatively, in case of mDCI mTRP operation, each of the TRPs can send its own DCI, and each DCI can indicate only one TCI state.

[0191] With the Rel-18 definition (agreed in RAN1), both TRP A and TRP B can interchangeably activate the TCI states of TRP A or TRP B. For example, in case of sDCI operation (at 620), TRP B can send the TCI state activation. For example, TRP A can send the activation of the TCI states of TRP B.

[0192] In an example embodiment, the P-MPR indication can be sent periodically (e.g., if included in the PHR report) or triggered by certain conditions (e.g., if included in the L1-RSRP report). Such triggering conditions can be event-driven (e.g., TCI switching or TCI addition or L1-RSRP / L1-SINR change exceeding a threshold).

[0193] In example embodiments, P-MPR can always be reported for STxMP operation. Additionally or alternatively, P-MPR can be reported to TRP A when UL TCI state on TRP B is changed / added (and vice versa). For example, the change of TCI state can be indicated with a received DCI. For example, the change of TCI state can be indicated with a received MAC CE. Additionally or alternatively, P-MPR can be reported only when PH of the current link is below a threshold (e.g., PH MPR_reporting ) can be combined; for example, there can be conditions that multiple conditions must be met in order to trigger P-MPR reporting.

[0194] In example embodiments, if there is no TCI switching / addition, the network can also consider a prohibit timer to minimize reporting.

[0195] In example embodiments, P-MPR bits can be mapped to P-MPR ranges for PHR reporting, which can be directly specified or configured in RRC reconfiguration (as shown in 615 in the message passing sequence diagram in Figure 5

[0196] In example embodiments, L1-RSRP reporting (e.g., 650) can be embedded in a CSI report (as defined in 3GPP TS 38.212). Existing CSI reports can not hold P-MPR values; Table 3 and Table 4 include the needed MPR fields to add to a CSI report. Table 4 includes two P-MPR values for each resource group, where each P-MPR value within a group can be mapped to beams that can be used simultaneously (e.g., because they are mapped to different UE panels).

[0197] Table 3 describes the mapping order of P-MPR fields for one CSI report (non-group based):

[0198]

[0199] Table 3

[0200] It should be noted that in Table 3, four best beams for L1 beam management can be described, as well as P-MPR fields, where for example, P-MPR #1 has a value xyz and will be applied by the UE in case of STxMP for transmission on CRI #1. P-MPR #2 has a value kmn, which will be applied on CRI #2, etc.

[0201] Table 4 describes the mapping order of P-MPR fields for one CSI report (group based):

[0202] ​

[0203] Table 4

[0204] In another example embodiment, the network can configure the UE such that the UE can only report UL beam pairs in the CSI field that will not cause P-MPR.

[0205] In another example embodiment, the network can configure the UE to flag UL beam pairs in the CSI field that will not cause P-MPR. Alternatively, the network can configure the UE to flag UL beam pairs that will not cause P-MPR.

[0206] In an example embodiment, for P-MPR reporting, the "MPE or R" bit can be shared between Maximum Permitted Exposure (MPE) and STxMP. The MPE / R bit can be used to indicate P-MPR due to STxMP, but only if the UE has reported STxMP capability to the network and P bit = 0 (i.e., no P-MPR due to MPE). The case where P-MPR is needed due to both MPE and STxMP is considered to be rare, as the device types considered for STxMP are not hand-held devices (i.e., power class 3). However, in the case where the UE needs to apply P-MPR due to both MPE and STxMP, the UE can report the range of the overall P-MPR.

[0207] In an example embodiment, a single PHR report can be sent, e.g., in the TwoPHRMode case (i.e., only applicable for s-DCI, as in m-DCI, there are 2 PHRs by default). In an example embodiment, the R bit in Octet 1 can be interpreted as, e.g., "S" (exceeding maximum peak EIRP due to STxMP) and can be used as:

[0208] 1. If S = 1, there is P-MPR due to STxMP (not MPE). This bit can be a presence bit indicating the use (or not use) of P-MPR, e.g., to avoid exceeding regulatory requirements in the UE's radiated power. In the rare case where P-MPR is due to both MPE and STxMP, the UE can report the overall P-MPR, and the UE can indicate that the reported P-MPR value is due to both MPE and STxMP by setting both the P and "S" bits (R bit in Octet 1) to 1.

[0209] 2. Indicate to read the 2 R bits in Octet 2 as the P-MPR value used by the UE, as the selected UL beam pair causes exceeding the maximum peak EIRP (i.e., in the passive approach).

[0210] It should be noted that the P bits and S bits are mutually exclusive; therefore, the two R bits in Octet2 can be reused for any of these present bits. In other words, if MPE is present, STxMP may not be transmitted at excessive power, but if STxMP is present, MPE may still be present.

[0211] Furthermore, if the TCI status of the P-MPR supplementary report is also required (active P-MPR report), the PHR report can similarly use the two R bits in Octet 4 for each TCI status to indicate the P-MPR level caused by STxMP operation on the UE and associate it with the corresponding resource (CRI) in Octet 5-8. A single R bit in each of Octet 5-8 can be used to indicate that the P-MPR value in Octet 4 is caused by STxMP operation (e.g., to ensure that the device does not radiate power exceeding the maximum peak EIRP regulatory limit).

[0212] Now for reference Figure 7 An example of a PHR report including reserved bits per SSBRI / CRI resource is shown.

[0213] In the example embodiment, multiple multi-TRP PHRs can be updated to support proactive P-MPR reporting. In the example embodiment, multi-TRP PHR reports can be sent (e.g., dual PHRs), such as... Figures 8-9 As shown. Figure 8 An example of passive P-MPR reporting for multiple TRP MAC CE using an enhanced single-entry PHR is shown. Figure 9 An example of passive P-MPR reporting using enhanced multi-entry PHRs for multi-TRP MAC CE is shown. Because these PHR reports lack fields for reporting additional TCI status, they cannot be used for active P-MPR reporting without adding extra fields to the message. In the example embodiment, if Figures 8-9 If any of the formats in the table is used for passive P-MPR reporting, the presence of P-MPR may be conditional, depending on the "P" bit. In the example embodiment, if P = 0, then both "MPE or R" bits can be used for P-MPR. Otherwise, P = 1 may mean that MPE is reported; in this case, P-MPR is not indicated because MPE is not assumed to be necessary when it is used.

[0214] Although Figure 8 Limited to a single cell per TRP, but Figure 9with multiple entries, supporting multiple cells per TRP (e.g., for uplink carrier aggregation). By applying similar mapping as the single entry example, it can be possible to specify separate P-MPR values per entry / cell (e.g., PCell, serving cell 1,..., serving cell n).

[0215] In example embodiments, to support active P-MPR reporting with dual PHR reporting format in Figures 8-9 , the format can be extended with fields covering additional TCI states. To be consistent with the single PHR message format, the following fields can be added: MPE1 or R; MPE2 or R; MPE3 or R; MPE4 or R; Resource1; Resource2; Resource3; Resource4; etc. These additional fields for active P-MPR reporting are shown in Figure 10 . For multiple entry PHR reporting in Figure 9 , the above fields can need to be added per entry, e.g., below each of the octets containing the “MPE or R” fields.

[0216] In example embodiments, even if the same bits are reused for P-MPR for MPE and for STxMP in the case of PHR, their mapping can also be different; P-MPR for MPE is mapped from 3 dB, but P-MPR for STxMP can be up to 3 dB, so different thresholds can be needed. The actual range for STxMP related P-MPR can be statically specified in a similar way as for MPE (see TS 38.133, section 10.1.26), but alternatively, when STxMP is supported, the thresholds for each range can be signaled as part of the RRC reconfiguration message. The ranges can include 3 dB, e.g., in steps of 1 dB. Then, the network can indicate P-MPR thresholds P-MPR1, P-MPR2, and P-MPR3, and then the actual P-MPR can be mapped as shown in the example of Table 5. Table 5 describes an example of the mapping of the indicated bit values to P-MPR ranges. The limits of the P-MPR ranges can be explicitly specified or configured by RRC signaling.

[0217]

[0218] Table 5

[0219] The technical effect of example embodiments of the present disclosure can be to inform the network of a P-MPR resulting from a potential TCI switch before the TCI switch is performed. The technical effect of example embodiments of the present disclosure can be to enable the network to evaluate whether there is a better alternative TCI state that would not exhibit the same P-MPR. It should be noted that P-MPR is just one of multiple parameters that the network can use to select a U TCI state.

[0220] Figure 11 Potential steps of an example method 1100 are shown. The example method 1100 can include receiving, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node, 1110; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, where the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node, 1120; and sending, to the first network node, a first report, where the first report includes at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states, 1130. The example method 1100 can be performed, for example, with a UE. The first network node can comprise a first transmission and reception point. The second network node can comprise a second transmission and reception point.

[0221] Figure 12 Potential steps of an example method 1200 are shown. The example method 1200 can include sending, to a user equipment, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with a first network node, 1210; sending, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, where the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node, 1220; and receiving, from the user equipment, a first report, where the first report includes at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states, 1230. The example method 1200 can be performed, for example, with a network node, a base station, a transmission point, a reception point, a TRP, etc. The first network node can utilize, for example, a network node, a base station, a transmission point, a reception point, a TRP, etc.

[0222] Figure 13 Potential steps of an example method 1300 are shown. The example method 1300 can include sending, to a user equipment, an indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with a first network node, 1310; and receiving, from the user equipment, a second report, where the second report includes at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states, 1320. The example method 1300 can be performed, for example, with a network node, a base station, a transmission point, a reception point, a TRP, etc. The first network node can utilize, for example, a network node, a base station, a transmission point, a reception point, a TRP, etc.

[0223] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receive, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and transmit, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0224] The first report can comprise a plurality of indications of the presence of the power backoff value, wherein respective ones of the plurality of indications can be respectively associated with respective pairs of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0225] The example apparatus can be further configured to determine an overlap between a transmission having a transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a transmission having a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node; and determine the power backoff value based at least in part on the determined overlap, a transmission power configured per transmission configuration indicator state, a maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power, a power headroom, a maximum output power limit, or a maximum total radiated power.

[0226] The example apparatus can be further configured to transmit, to the second network node, a second report, wherein the second report can be different from the first report at least in part.

[0227] The power backoff value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can comprise a power backoff value to be applied to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0228] The first report can comprise at least one of a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0229] The power backoff value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can comprise a power backoff value selected for future application to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0230] At least one of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be active and another of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be inactive.

[0231] The first report can comprise at least one of: a single power headroom report, a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, wherein the multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report can comprise power back-off values for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, wherein the layer one reference signal received power report can comprise a power back-off value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

[0232] The layer one reference signal received power report can be configured to trigger a device with at least one of: a single power headroom reporting mode, or a dual power headroom reporting mode.

[0233] The example apparatus can be further configured to: receive, from the first network node, a third indication of uplink grants associated with a further set of transmission configuration indicator states, the further set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the first network node and the second network node, wherein the further set of transmission configuration indicator states can differ at least in part from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0234] The third indication can comprise a single downlink control information message.

[0235] The example apparatus can be further configured to: receive a fourth indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node, wherein the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can comprise at least a first transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a second transmission configuration indicator state from the second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0236] The example apparatus can be further configured to: receive, from the first network node, a fifth indication of uplink grants associated with a third set of transmission configuration indicator states, the third set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the first network node; and receive, from the second network node, a sixth indication of uplink grants associated with a fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states, the fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the second network node, wherein the third set of transmission configuration indicator states can differ at least in part from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states, wherein the fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states can differ at least in part from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0237] The fifth indication and the sixth indication can comprise downlink control information messages, respectively.

[0238] The fourth indication can be received from one of: the first network node, or the second network node.

[0239] The example apparatus can be further configured to: receive a seventh indication of a threshold for a power back-off value used to transmit the first report.

[0240] The threshold for the power back-off value can be included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0241] The first report can be transmitted based on at least one of: a change in a configured transmission configuration indicator state, an addition of a transmission configuration indicator state, or a power headroom of a current link being below a threshold.

[0242] The example apparatus can also be configured to transmit an eighth indication of at least one transmission configuration indicator state pair for which the power back-off value is not needed.

[0243] The example apparatus can also be configured to transmit a ninth indication of that the presence of the power back-off value is based at least in part on at least one of: a simultaneous transmission, or a maximum allowed opening.

[0244] The at least one indication of the presence of the power back-off value can include an indication of a range of power back-off values.

[0245] The presence of the power back-off value can include a power management maximum power reduction value.

[0246] The first network node can include a first transmission and reception point, where the second network node can include a second transmission and reception point.

[0247] According to one aspect, an example method can be provided, comprising: receiving, with a user equipment, a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, where the user equipment can be configured to perform a simultaneous transmission with the first network node and the second network node; and transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, where the first report can include at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0248] The first report can include a plurality of indications of the presence of the power back-off value, where respective indications of the plurality of indications can be respectively associated with transmission configuration indicator state pairs.

[0249] The example method can also include determining an overlap between a transmission with a transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a transmission with a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node; and determining the power back-off value based at least in part on: the determined overlap, a transmission power configured per transmission configuration indicator state, a maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power, a power headroom, a maximum output power limit, or a maximum total radiated power.

[0250] The example method can further include transmitting a second report to the second network node, where the second report can be at least partially different from the first report.

[0251] The power back-off value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can include a power back-off value selected for future application to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0252] The first report can include at least one of: a single power headroom report, a multiple transmission and reception point power headroom report, where the multiple transmission and reception point power headroom report can include power back-off values for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, where the layer one reference signal received power report can include a power back-off value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

[0253] The power back-off value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can include a power back-off value selected for future application to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0254] The at least one of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be active, and the other of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be inactive.

[0255] The first report can include at least one of: a single power headroom report, a multiple transmission and reception point power headroom report, where the multiple transmission and reception point power headroom report can include power back-off values for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, where the layer one reference signal received power report can include a power back-off value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

[0256] The layer one reference signal received power report can be configured to trigger a configuration of the user equipment with at least one of: a single power headroom reporting mode, or a dual power headroom reporting mode.

[0257] The example method can further include receiving, from the first network node, a third indication of an uplink grant associated with a further set of transmission configuration indicator states, where the further set of transmission configuration indicator states can be associated with the first network node and the second network node, and where the further set of transmission configuration indicator states can be at least partially different from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0258] The third indication can include a single downlink control information message.

[0259] The example method can further include receiving a fourth indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node, where the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can include at least a first transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a second transmission configuration indicator state from the second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0260] The example method can further include receiving a fifth indication of an uplink grant associated with a third set of transmission configuration indicator states from the first network node, the third set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the first network node, and receiving a sixth indication of an uplink grant associated with a fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states from the second network node, the fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states being associated with the second network node, wherein the third set of transmission configuration indicator states can be at least partially different from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states, and wherein the fourth set of transmission configuration indicator states can be at least partially different from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0261] The fifth indication and the sixth indication can each include a downlink control information message.

[0262] The fourth indication can be received from one of: the first network node, or the second network node.

[0263] The example method can further include receiving a seventh indication of a threshold for a power backoff value for transmitting the first report.

[0264] The threshold for the power backoff value can be included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0265] The first report can be transmitted based on at least one of: a change in a configured transmission configuration indicator state, an addition of a transmission configuration indicator state, or a power headroom of a current link being below a threshold.

[0266] The example method can further include transmitting an eighth indication of at least one pair of transmission configuration indicator states for which the power backoff value is not required.

[0267] The example method can further include transmitting a ninth indication that a presence of the power backoff value is based at least in part on at least one of: a simultaneous transmission, or a maximum allowed opening.

[0268] The at least one indication of the presence of the power backoff value can include an indication of a range of power backoff values.

[0269] The presence of the power backoff value can include a power management maximum power reduction value.

[0270] The first network node can include a first transmission and reception point, and the second network node can include a second transmission and reception point.

[0271] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise circuitry configured to: receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receive, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and transmit, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0272] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise processing circuitry; memory circuitry comprising computer program code, the memory circuitry and the computer program code configured to, with the processing circuitry, enable the apparatus to: receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receive, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and transmit, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0273] As used in this application, the term "circuitry" can refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuitry such as only analog and / or digital circuitry, and (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable): (i) combinations of analog and / or digital hardware circuit(s) with software / firmware that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions and (ii) hardware circuit(s) and / or processor(s), such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of microprocessor(s), that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but software that need not be present when it is not needed for operation.

[0274] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can include means for receiving, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can include at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0275] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can include means for performing any of the preceding example methods.

[0276] A processor, memory, and / or example algorithms (which can be encoded as instructions, programs, or code) can be provided as example means for providing or causing performance of operations.

[0277] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon that, when executed with at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: cause receiving, with a user equipment, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; cause receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and cause transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can include at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0278] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing receiving, with a user equipment, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and causing transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can include at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0279] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory program storage device readable by a machine can be provided, tangibly embodying instructions executable by the machine for performing operations, the operations comprising: causing receiving, with a user equipment, a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and causing transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0280] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable medium comprises instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: causing receiving, with a user equipment, a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and causing transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0281] A computer-implemented system comprising: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to perform at least the following: causing receiving, with a user equipment, a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and causing transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0282] A computer-implemented system comprising: means for causing receiving, with a user equipment, a first indication from a first network node to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; means for causing receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and means for causing transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0283] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: transmit, to a user equipment, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; transmit, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the apparatus and the network node; and receive, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0284] The first report can comprise a plurality of indications of the presence of the power backoff value, wherein respective ones of the plurality of indications can be respectively associated with respective ones of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0285] The power backoff value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can comprise a power backoff value to be applied to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0286] The first report can comprise at least one of: a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0287] The power backoff value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can comprise a power backoff value selected for future application to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0288] At least one of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be active, and another of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be inactive.

[0289] The first report can comprise at least one of: a single power headroom report, a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, wherein the multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report can comprise power backoff values for a plurality of alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, wherein the layer one reference signal received power report can comprise a power backoff value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

[0290] The example apparatus can be further configured to, in response to the first report comprising the layer one reference signal received power report, configure the user equipment with at least one of: a single power headroom reporting mode, or a dual power headroom reporting mode.

[0291] The example apparatus can also be configured to determine, based at least in part on the first report, a further set of transmission configuration indicator states, wherein the further set of transmission configuration indicator states can be associated with the apparatus and the network node, wherein the further set of transmission configuration indicator states can be different at least in part from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states; and transmit, to the user equipment, a third indication of an uplink grant associated with the further set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0292] The third indication can comprise a single downlink control information message.

[0293] The example apparatus can also be configured to transmit, to the user equipment, a fourth indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the network node, wherein the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can comprise at least a first transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a second transmission configuration indicator state from the second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0294] The example apparatus can also be configured to transmit, to the user equipment, a fifth indication of an uplink grant associated with a third set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus, wherein the third set of transmission configuration indicator states can be different at least in part from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0295] The fifth indication can comprise a downlink control information message.

[0296] The example apparatus can also be configured to transmit, to the user equipment, a sixth indication of a threshold for a power backoff value for transmitting the first report.

[0297] The threshold for the power backoff value can be included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0298] The example apparatus can also be configured to receive, from the user equipment, a seventh indication of at least one pair of transmission configuration indicator states for which a power backoff is not required.

[0299] The example apparatus can also be configured to receive, from the user equipment, an eighth indication indicating a presence of a power backoff value is based at least in part on at least one of: a simultaneous transmission, or a maximum allowed opening.

[0300] The at least one indication of the presence of the power backoff value can comprise an indication of a range of power backoff values.

[0301] The example apparatus can also be configured to transmit, to the network node, the first report via a backhaul link.

[0302] The presence of the power backoff value can comprise a power management maximum power reduction value.

[0303] The apparatus can include a first transmission and reception point, where the network node can include a second transmission and reception point.

[0304] According to one aspect, an example method can be provided, comprising: transmitting, with a first network node, a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; transmitting a second indication of the network node to the user equipment, where the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and receiving a first report from the user equipment, where the first report can include at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0305] The first report can include a plurality of indications of the presence of the power backoff value, where respective ones of the plurality of indications can be respectively associated with respective ones of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0306] The power backoff value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can include a power backoff value to be applied to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0307] The first report can include at least one of: a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0308] The power backoff value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can include a power backoff value selected for future application to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0309] At least one of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be active, and another of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be inactive.

[0310] The first report can include at least one of: a single power headroom report, a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, where the multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report can include a power backoff value for a plurality of alternative transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, where the layer one reference signal received power report can include a power backoff value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

[0311] The example method can further include, in response to the first report including the layer one reference signal received power report, configuring the user equipment with at least one of: a single power headroom reporting mode, or a dual power headroom reporting mode.

[0312] The example method can further include determining, based at least in part on the first report, a further set of transmission configuration indicator states, wherein the further set of transmission configuration indicator states can be associated with the first network node and the network node, wherein the further set of transmission configuration indicator states can be different at least in part from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states; and transmitting, to the user equipment, a third indication of an uplink grant associated with the further set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0313] The third indication can comprise a single downlink control information message.

[0314] The example method can further include transmitting, to the user equipment, a fourth indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the network node, wherein the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can comprise at least a first transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a second transmission configuration indicator state from the second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0315] The example method can further include transmitting, to the user equipment, a fifth indication of an uplink grant associated with a third set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus, wherein the third set of transmission configuration indicator states can be different at least in part from the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0316] The fifth indication can comprise a downlink control information message.

[0317] The example method can further include transmitting, to the user equipment, a sixth indication of a threshold for a power backoff value for transmitting the first report.

[0318] The threshold for the power backoff value can be included in a radio resource control reconfiguration message.

[0319] The example method can further include receiving, from the user equipment, a seventh indication of at least one pair of transmission configuration indicator states for which a power backoff is not required.

[0320] The example method can further include receiving, from the user equipment, an eighth indication indicating a presence of a power backoff value based at least in part on at least one of: a simultaneous transmission, or a maximum allowed opening.

[0321] The at least one indication of the presence of the power backoff value can comprise an indication of a range of power backoff values.

[0322] The example method can further include transmitting, to the network node, the first report via a backhaul link.

[0323] The presence of the power backoff value can comprise a power management maximum power reduction value.

[0324] The first network node can comprise a first transmission and reception point, wherein the network node can comprise a second transmission and reception point.

[0325] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise circuitry configured to transmit, to a user equipment, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the apparatus; circuitry configured to transmit, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the apparatus and the network node; and circuitry configured to receive, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0326] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise processing circuitry; memory circuitry comprising computer program code, the memory circuitry and the computer program code configured to, with the processing circuitry, enable the apparatus to: transmit, to a user equipment, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the apparatus; transmit, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the apparatus and the network node; and receive, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0327] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise means for: transmitting, to a user equipment, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the apparatus; transmitting, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the apparatus and the network node; and receiving, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0328] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise means for performing any of the preceding example methods.

[0329] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon that, when executed with at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: cause sending, with a first network node, a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; cause sending a second indication of the network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and receive a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0330] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing sending, with a first network node, a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing sending a second indication of the network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and causing receiving a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0331] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory program storage device readable by a machine can be provided, tangibly embodying instructions which, when executed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: causing sending, with a first network node, a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing sending a second indication of the network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and causing receiving a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0332] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: causing sending, with a first network node, a first indication to a user equipment to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; causing sending a second indication of the network node to the user equipment, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and causing receiving a first report from the user equipment, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0333] A computer-implemented system comprising: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to at least: cause sending, with a first network node, to a user equipment a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the first network node; cause sending, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and cause receiving, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0334] A computer-implemented system comprising: means for causing sending, with a first network node, to a user equipment a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the first network node; means for causing sending, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment can be configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the network node; and means for causing receiving, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0335] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: send, to a user equipment, an indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the apparatus; and receive, from the user equipment, a second report, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0336] The second report can comprise a plurality of indications of the presence of the power backoff value, wherein respective ones of the plurality of indications can be respectively associated with respective ones of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0337] The power backoff value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can comprise a power backoff value to be applied to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0338] The second report can comprise at least one of: a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

[0339] The power backoff value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can comprise a power backoff value selected for future application to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0340] At least one of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be active and another of the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can be inactive.

[0341] The second report can include at least one of: a single power headroom report, a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, wherein the multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report can include power back-off values for multiple alternative pairs of transmission configuration indicator states, or a layer one reference signal received power report, wherein the layer one reference signal received power report can include a power back-off value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

[0342] The example apparatus can also be configured to, in response to the first report including the layer one reference signal received power report, configure the user equipment with at least one of: a single power headroom reporting mode, or a dual power headroom reporting mode.

[0343] The example apparatus can also be configured to receive, from the user equipment, an indication of at least one pair of transmission configuration indicator states for which a power back-off value is not needed.

[0344] The example apparatus can also be configured to receive, from the user equipment, an indication that a presence of a power back-off value can be based at least in part on at least one of: a simultaneous transmission, or a maximum allowed opening.

[0345] The at least one indication of the presence of the power back-off value can include an indication of a range of power back-off values.

[0346] The example apparatus can also be configured to transmit, to a network node via a backhaul link, the second report.

[0347] The pair of transmission configuration indicator states can include at least a transmission configuration indicator state from a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the network node and a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0348] According to one aspect, an example method can be provided that includes transmitting, with a first network node, an indication to a user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; and receiving, from the user equipment, a second report, wherein the second report can include at least one indication of a presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0349] The second report can include a plurality of indications of the presence of the power back-off value, wherein respective ones of the plurality of indications can be respectively associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0350] The power back-off value associated with the pair of transmission configuration indicator states can include a power back-off value to be applied to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0351] The second report can include at least one of: a single power headroom report, a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, wherein the multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report can include power backoff values for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator state pairs, or a layer one reference signal received power report, wherein the layer one reference signal received power report can include a power backoff value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

[0352] The power backoff value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair can include a power backoff value selected for future application to the transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0353] At least one of the transmission configuration indicator states in the transmission configuration indicator state pair can be active and another of the transmission configuration indicator states in the transmission configuration indicator state pair can be inactive.

[0354] The second report can include at least one of: a single power headroom report, a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, wherein the multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report can include power backoff values for multiple alternative transmission configuration indicator state pairs, or a layer one reference signal received power report, wherein the layer one reference signal received power report can include a power backoff value for a potential transmission configuration indicator state switch.

[0355] The example method can further include, in response to the first report including a layer one reference signal received power report, configuring the user equipment with at least one of: a single power headroom reporting mode, or a dual power headroom reporting mode.

[0356] The example method can further include receiving, from the user equipment, an indication of at least one transmission configuration indicator state pair for which a power backoff value is not needed.

[0357] The example method can further include receiving, from the user equipment, an indication that a presence of a power backoff value can be based at least in part on at least one of: a simultaneous transmission, or a maximum allowed opening.

[0358] The at least one indication of the presence of the power backoff value can include an indication of a range of power backoff values.

[0359] The example method can further include transmitting, to a network node via a backhaul link, the second report.

[0360] The transmission configuration indicator state pair can include at least a transmission configuration indicator state from a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the network node and a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0361] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise circuitry configured to transmit, to a user equipment, an indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the apparatus; and circuitry configured to receive, from the user equipment, a second report, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0362] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise processing circuitry; memory circuitry comprising computer program code, the memory circuitry and the computer program code being configured to, with the processing circuitry, enable the apparatus to: transmit, to a user equipment, an indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the apparatus; and receive, from the user equipment, a second report, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0363] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise means for: transmitting, to a user equipment, an indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the apparatus; and receiving, from the user equipment, a second report, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0364] According to one example embodiment, an apparatus can comprise means for performing any of the preceding example methods.

[0365] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon that, when executed with at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: cause transmitting, with a first network node, to a user equipment, an indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the first network node; and cause receiving, from the user equipment, a second report, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0366] According to one example embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following: causing transmitting, with a first network node, to a user equipment, an indication to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator state associated with the first network node; and causing receiving, from the user equipment, a second report, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

[0367] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory program storage device readable by a machine, tangibly embodying instructions executable by the machine for performing operations, the operations comprising: causing sending, with a first network node, an indication to a user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; and causing receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0368] According to another example embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to at least perform: causing sending, with a first network node, an indication to a user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; and causing receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0369] A computer-implemented system comprising: at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system to at least perform: causing sending, with a first network node, an indication to a user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; and causing receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0370] A computer-implemented system comprising: means for causing sending, with a first network node, an indication to a user equipment to activate a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; and means for causing receiving a second report from the user equipment, wherein the second report can comprise at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a transmission configuration indicator state pair.

[0371] As used herein, the term "non-transitory" is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, as opposed to signals), not a limitation of data storage durability (e.g., RAM versus ROM).

[0372] It should be understood that the above description is only illustrative. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the following claims. For example, features recited in the various dependent claims can be combined with each other in any combination. In addition, features from different embodiments described above can be selectively combined into new embodiments. Accordingly, the description is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus for communication, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receive, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and transmit, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report comprises: at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states, wherein the at least one indication of the presence of the power backoff value comprises: an indication of a range of power backoff values.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first report comprises: a plurality of indications of a presence of a power backoff value, wherein respective indications of the plurality of indications are respectively associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: determine an overlap between a transmission with a transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a transmission with a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node; and determine the power backoff value based at least in part on: the determined overlap, a transmission power configured per transmission configuration indicator state, a maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power, a power headroom, a maximum output power limit, or a maximum total radiated power.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: transmit, to the second network node, a second report, wherein the second report is at least partially different from the first report.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power back-off value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair comprises: a power backoff value applied to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first report comprises at least one of: a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the presence of the power back-off value comprises: a power management maximum power reduction value.

8. A method for communication, comprising: receiving, with a user equipment, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receiving, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the first network node and the second network node; and transmitting, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report comprises: at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states, wherein the at least one indication of the presence of the power backoff value comprises: an indication of a range of power backoff values.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first report comprises: a plurality of indications of presence of a power back-off value, where a respective indication of the plurality of indications is respectively associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the power back-off value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair comprises: a power back-off value applied to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first report comprises at least one of: a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein the presence of the power back-off value comprises: a power management maximum power reduction value.

13. The method of claim 8, further comprising: determining an overlap between a transmission with a transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a transmission with a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node; and determining the power back-off value based at least in part on: the determined overlap, a transmission power configured per transmission configuration indicator state, a maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power, a power headroom, a maximum output power limit, or a maximum total radiated power.

14. An apparatus for communication, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: transmit, to the user equipment, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the apparatus; transmit, to the user equipment, a second indication of a network node, wherein the user equipment is configured to perform simultaneous transmissions with the apparatus and the network node; and receive, from the user equipment, a first report, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of presence of a power back-off value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states, wherein the at least one indication of the presence of the power back-off value comprises an indication of a range of power back-off values.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first report comprises: a plurality of indications of presence of a power back-off value, where a respective indication of the plurality of indications is respectively associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the power back-off value associated with the transmission configuration indicator state pair comprises: a power back-off value applied to the pair of transmission configuration indicator states.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first report comprises at least one of: a multi-transmission and reception point power headroom report, or a layer one reference signal received power report.

18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: transmit, to the network node via a backhaul link, the first report.

19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the presence of the power back-off value comprises: a power management maximum power reduction value.

20. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the power back-off value comprises: a power back-off value determined based at least in part on: an overlap between a transmission with a transmission configuration indicator state from the first set of transmission configuration indicator states and a transmission with a transmission configuration indicator state from a second set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the second network node, a transmission power configured per transmission configuration indicator state, a maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power, a power headroom, a maximum output power limit, or a maximum total radiated power.

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