Method for creating anther-free pepper sterile line
By selecting specific pepper varieties for pollination and labeling, and performing multiple generations of backcrossing, a new pepper variety with excellent traits and stable infertility was successfully created, solving the problem of difficulty in stabilizing the genetic excellent traits in the prior art.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510337707.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-10
AI Technical Summary
It is difficult to design a method to stably pass on the excellent traits of parent peppers to offspring, and to obtain new varieties of peppers that have both excellent traits and stable infertility.
By selecting Capsicum baccatum L as the parent and Capsicum chinense Jacq as the parent, pollination and marking were carried out, fruit formed by mark pollination flowers were collected, and the seeds of F1 generation were obtained, and then self-crossed and backcrossed for 5 consecutive generations were carried out to obtain the seeds of anther pepper sterile line that maintained the parent's traits.
It has achieved stable inheritance of the excellent traits of the Capsicum chinense Jacq parent to the offspring, and at the same time, a new type of pepper variety with stable infertility has been obtained, with excellent traits and stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN120113583A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line. Background Art
[0002] Pepper is a solanaceous vegetable crop and condiment deeply loved by consumers in China. The planting area and output value of peppers in China rank first among vegetables. Correspondingly, the losses caused by pepper diseases are relatively serious. Diseases such as pepper phytophthora blight and anthracnose directly threaten the safety and healthy development of the pepper industry. Selecting and applying high-quality pepper varieties with excellent compound disease resistance is one of the effective ways to prevent diseases.
[0003] At present, there are many varieties of peppers on the market. Each variety of pepper has its own advantages and disadvantages, and each pepper has different resistance to diseases. The purpose of artificial cultivation is to enable the offspring crops to inherit the advantages of the parental crops, discard the disadvantages of the parental crops, converge excellent genes resistant to multiple diseases in the offspring gene map, and at the same time ensure that the offspring can stably maintain these excellent traits. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new method for cultivating peppers with excellent traits, stably inherit the excellent traits of the parental peppers to the offspring, and obtain a new pepper variety with both excellent traits and stable sterility. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line to solve the problem of obtaining a new pepper variety with both excellent traits and stable sterility.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] A method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line, comprising:
[0007] Select Capsicum baccatum L as the female parent and Capsicum chinense Jacq as the male parent. Use the pollen of the male parent plant to pollinate the flowers of the female parent plant, mark the pollinated flowers, collect the fruits formed by the marked pollinated flowers, and carry out seed production to obtain F1 generation seeds;
[0008] Sow the F1 generation seeds, raise seedlings to obtain multiple F1 generation plants, self-cross and cultivate among the F1 generation plants, pick the mature peppers on the F1 generation plants, cut open the peppers, collect the seeds inside the peppers, and carry out seed production to obtain F2 generation seeds;
[0009] Plant the F2 generation seeds, raise seedlings to obtain multiple F2 generation plants, select the antherless single plants among the F2 generation plants as female parents, backcross with the P generation male parent, continuously backcross and raise seedlings for 5 generations, pick the mature peppers on the last generation of plants, cut open the peppers, collect the seeds inside the peppers, and carry out seed production to obtain the antherless pepper sterile line seeds that maintain the traits of the male parent.
[0010] Preferably, the seeds are sterilized before planting, and after sowing, the seedlings are raised and fertilized uniformly.
[0011] Preferably, remove the peppers with defective appearance or insect holes from the picked mature peppers, place the peppers in the sun to dry for 2 - 3 days, and then cut them open to take the seeds.
[0012] Preferably, remove the shriveled seeds from the collected pepper seeds, keep the plump and large - sized seeds, soak the seeds in 500 - fold 50% carbendazim for 30 minutes for disinfection, and rinse them repeatedly with clean water and then dry them.
[0013] Preferably, the operation steps for raising seedlings of the seeds are as follows:
[0014] Place a gauze in a petri dish, put the seeds on the gauze, add pure water, with the water level exceeding the height of the seeds, seal the petri dish with a plastic film, and soak in an environment of 25℃ - 30℃ for 6 - 9 hours;
[0015] Take out the soaked seeds and place them in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 15 - 20 minutes to kill the virus, and then rinse the seeds with clean water;
[0016] Sow the rinsed seeds in the punched holes of a planting tray. The sowing substrate in the planting tray is a composite substrate of perlite:vermiculite:peat moss = 1:2:7. Cover a layer of 0.5 cm thick fine soil on the seeds inside the punched holes, then cover a layer of grass clippings and spray water, and finally cover a layer of plastic mulch film;
[0017] During the seedling emergence period of the seeds, control the environmental temperature at 20℃ - 30℃, the relative air humidity > 80%, the soil humidity at 80%, increase the light and sun exposure time, remove all the shelters. During the seedling heart - breaking period, control the relative air humidity of the environment at 60% - 70%, the day and night temperature at 16℃ - 20℃, with a temperature difference not exceeding 4℃. During the seedling growth period, control the environmental temperature at 20℃ - 25℃. When the seedlings have 6 true leaves, transplant and plant them;
[0018] Select a plot with flat terrain and convenient drainage and irrigation. Apply a compound fertilizer with farmyard manure:compound fertilizer = 40:1 as the base fertilizer, and apply compound phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Use semi - high - ridge plastic - film mulching for double - plant planting, with a plant spacing of 35 cm and a row spacing of 65 cm. After planting, top - dress, and at the same time prevent and control diseases and pests, and carry out hybridization and backcross breeding among the mature plants.
[0019] Preferably, artificial pollination is carried out for the hybridization and backcross, and the steps are as follows:
[0020] One day before pollination, collect large white buds with corolla length greater than sepal length, and the number of large white buds collected is determined according to the number of flowers to be pollinated of the female parent;
[0021] Take out the anthers of the collected buds, place them in a desiccator and seal, dry them under a fluorescent lamp for 8-10 hours at 25°C - 30°C, let the powder disperse naturally, sieve out the pollen with a 100-120 mesh sieve, and store the pollen at 5°C;
[0022] Select the fully blooming flowers on the female parent with bright stigmas and no brown color, hold the flower stalk and calyx, and insert the stigma into the pollen tube for pollination.
[0023] Preferably, the water content of the seeds obtained by seed production is 7%, and the seeds are packed in a sealed bag with a desiccant for unified management.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0025] The present invention selects Capsicum baccatum L as the female parent and Capsicum chinense Jacq as the male parent, uses the pollen of the male parent plant to pollinate the flowers of the female parent plant, marks the pollinated flowers, collects the fruits formed by the marked pollinated flowers, obtains F1 generation seeds by seed production, sows the F1 generation seeds to raise seedlings to obtain multiple F1 generation plants, cross-breeds the F1 generation plants with each other to obtain F2 generation seeds, sows to obtain F2 generation pepper plants, and the phenomenon of fertility segregation begins to appear in the F2 generation pepper plants. Select the antherless single plants as the female parent and conduct multiple generations of backcross with the Capsicum chinense Jacq male parent. After continuous backcrossing for 5 generations, an antherless sterile line maintaining the traits of the male parent is obtained, thereby creating a new pepper variety with both the excellent traits of the Capsicum chinense Jacq male parent and stable sterility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the creation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0028] Example:
[0029] Please refer toFigure 1 As shown, a method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line includes:
[0030] Select Capsicum baccatum L as the female parent and Capsicum chinense Jacq as the male parent. Use the pollen of the male parent plant to pollinate the flowers of the female parent plant, mark the pollinated flowers, collect the fruits formed by the marked pollinated flowers, and conduct seed production to obtain F1 generation seeds;
[0031] Sow the F1 generation seeds, raise seedlings to obtain multiple F1 generation plants, self-cross and cultivate among the F1 generation plants, pick the mature peppers on the F1 generation plants, cut open the peppers, collect the seeds inside the peppers, and conduct seed production to obtain F2 generation seeds;
[0032] Plant the F2 generation seeds, raise seedlings to obtain multiple F2 generation plants, select the antherless single plants among the F2 generation plants as the female parent, and backcross with the P generation male parent. Continuously backcross and raise seedlings for 5 generations. Take the mature peppers on the last generation plants, cut open the peppers, collect the seeds inside the peppers, and conduct seed production to obtain the antherless pepper sterile line seeds that maintain the traits of the male parent.
[0033] Select Capsicum baccatum L as the female parent and Capsicum chinense Jacq as the male parent. Sow the seeds of the male parent and the female parent as the F1 generation, plant the F1 generation seeds to obtain F1 generation plants, cross the F1 generation plants with each other to obtain F2 generation seeds, sow the F2 generation seeds to obtain F2 generation pepper plants. The phenomenon of fertility segregation begins to appear in the F2 generation pepper plants. Select the antherless single plants as the female parent and backcross with the Capsicum chinense Jacq male parent for multiple generations. After continuously backcrossing for 5 generations, an antherless sterile line that maintains the traits of the male parent is obtained, and thus a new pepper variety with the excellent traits of the Capsicum chinense Jacq male parent and stable sterility is created.
[0034] In order to avoid virus infection during the planting process of the seeds, the seeds are sterilized before planting, and the seedlings and fertilization management are unified after the seeds are sown.
[0035] In one embodiment, remove the peppers with defective appearance or insect holes from the picked mature peppers, select the high-quality mature peppers for breeding, and place the peppers in the sun to dry for 2 - 3 days before cutting them open to take the seeds.
[0036] Remove the shriveled seeds from the collected pepper seeds, keep the plump and large-sized seeds, soak the seeds in 500 times of 50% carbendazim for 30 minutes for disinfection, rinse them repeatedly with clean water and then dry them in the air to keep the seeds clean and avoid contamination of the seeds by germs.
[0037] In one embodiment, the operation steps for seedling raising are as follows:
[0038] Place gauze in a petri dish, put the seeds on the gauze, add pure water with the water level exceeding the height of the seeds, seal the petri dish with a plastic film, and soak in an environment of 25°C - 30°C for 6 - 9 hours;
[0039] Take out the soaked seeds and place them in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 15 - 20 minutes to kill the virus, and then rinse the seeds with clean water;
[0040] Sow the rinsed seeds in the punched holes of a planting tray. The sowing substrate in the planting tray is a composite substrate of perlite:vermiculite:peat moss = 1:2:7. Cover a layer of 0.5 cm thick fine soil on the seeds inside the punched holes, then cover a layer of grass clippings and spray water, and finally cover a layer of plastic mulch;
[0041] During the seedling emergence period of the seeds, control the environmental temperature at 20°C - 30°C, the relative air humidity > 80%, the soil humidity at 80%, increase the light exposure time, and remove all the shelters. During the heart-breaking period of the seedlings, control the relative air humidity of the environment at 60% - 70%, the day and night temperature at 16°C - 20°C, with a temperature difference not exceeding 4°C. During the seedling growth period, control the environmental temperature at 20°C - 25°C. When the seedlings have 6 true leaves, transplant and plant them;
[0042] Select a plot with flat terrain and convenient drainage and irrigation. Apply a compound fertilizer with farmyard manure:compound fertilizer = 40:1 as the base fertilizer, and apply compound phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Use semi-high ridge plastic film covering for double-planting, with a plant spacing of 35 cm and a row spacing of 65 cm. After planting, top-dress the fertilizer, and at the same time prevent and control pests and diseases, and conduct hybridization and backcross breeding between mature plants.
[0043] In one embodiment, the artificial pollination for the hybridization and backcross is carried out as follows:
[0044] One day before pollination, collect large white buds with a corolla length greater than the sepal length. The number of large white buds collected is determined according to the number of flowers to be pollinated on the female parent;
[0045] Take out the anthers of the collected buds, place them in a desiccator and seal it, and dry them under a fluorescent lamp in an environment of 25°C - 30°C for 8 - 10 hours to naturally release pollen. Use a 100 - 120 mesh sieve to screen out the pollen, and store the pollen at 5°C;
[0046] Select a fully blooming flower on the female parent with a bright stigma and no brown color. Hold the flower stalk and sepal, and insert the stigma into the pollen tube for pollination.
[0047] The water content of the seeds obtained from seed production is 7%. Put the seeds in a sealed bag with a desiccant for unified management.
[0048] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0049] In the accompanying drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are involved. For other structures, reference can be made to the general design. Without conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.
Claims
1. A method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line, characterized in that: include: Capsicum baccatum L is selected as the female parent and Capsicum chinense Jacq is selected as the male parent, pollen from the male parent plant is used to pollinate the flowers of the female parent plant, and the pollinated flowers are marked, and fruits formed by the marked pollinated flowers are collected for seed production to obtain F1 generation seeds; Sowing F1 generation seeds, raising seedlings to obtain multiple F1 generation plants, self-pollinating the F1 generation plants, picking mature peppers on the F1 generation plants, cutting open the peppers, collecting seeds inside the peppers, and producing seeds to obtain F2 generation seeds; Plant F2 seeds and raise multiple F2 plants. Select an antherless single plant from the F2 plants as the female parent, backcross it with the P parent, and raise seedlings for five consecutive generations. Take mature peppers from the last generation of plants, cut open the peppers, collect the seeds inside the peppers, and produce seeds to obtain antherless pepper sterile line seeds that retain the characteristics of the male parent.
2. The method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeds are sterilized before planting, and seedling raising and fertilization management are carried out uniformly after sowing.
3. The method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line according to claim 1, characterized in that: Remove the peppers with defects or worm holes from the picked ripe peppers, and place the peppers in the sun to dry for 2-3 days before cutting them open to take out the seeds.
4. The method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line according to claim 1, characterized in that: Remove the shriveled seeds from the collected pepper seeds, and keep the seeds with full grains and large volume. Use 500 times 50% carbendazim to soak the seeds for disinfection for 30 minutes, rinse them repeatedly with clean water and dry them.
5. The method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for seedling raising are: Place gauze in the culture dish, place the seeds on the gauze, add pure water, the water level should be higher than the height of the seeds, seal the culture dish with plastic film, and soak for 6-9 hours at 25℃-30℃; Take out the soaked seeds and place them in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 15-20 minutes to kill the virus, then rinse the seeds with clean water; Sow the washed seeds in the pressed holes of the planting tray. The sowing matrix in the planting tray is a composite matrix of perlite: vermiculite: peat = 1:2:
7. Cover the seeds inside the pressed holes with a layer of 0.5 cm thick fine soil, then cover with a layer of grass clippings and spray with water, and finally cover with a layer of plastic mulch. During the seed germination period, the ambient temperature should be controlled at 20℃-30℃, the relative air humidity should be greater than 80%, the soil humidity should be 80%, the light exposure time should be increased, and all shelters should be removed. During the seedling heart-breaking period, the relative air humidity should be controlled at 60%-70%, the day and night temperature should be 16℃-20℃, and the temperature difference should not exceed 4℃. During the seedling growth period, the ambient temperature should be controlled at 20℃-25℃. When the seedlings have 6 true leaves, they can be transplanted and planted. Select a plot with flat terrain and convenient irrigation and drainage, apply compound fertilizer with a ratio of farmyard manure to compound fertilizer = 40:1 as base fertilizer, and apply compound phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Use half-high ridge mulch covering and plant double plants with a plant spacing of 35cm and a row spacing of 65cm. Apply topdressing after planting, prevent and control pests and diseases, and carry out hybridization and backcrossing cultivation between mature plants.
6. The method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hybridization and backcrossing are artificially pollinated, and the steps are: One day before pollination, collect large white buds whose corolla length is greater than the sepal length. The number of large white buds collected is determined according to the number of flowers that the female parent needs to pollinate. Take out the collected anthers of the flower buds, seal them in a desiccator, dry them under a fluorescent lamp at 25℃-30℃ for 8-10 hours, let them scatter naturally, sieve out the pollen with a 100-120 mesh sieve, and store the pollen at 5℃; Choose the mother plant with bright, non-brown blooming flowers, pinch the pedicel and calyx, and insert the stigma into the pollen tube for pollination.
7. The method for creating an antherless pepper sterile line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture content of the seeds obtained from seed production is 7%. The seeds are packed in sealed bags with desiccant for unified management.