QoS processing method and device based on non-3GPP access, readable medium and equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a QoS (Quality of Service) processing method and device based on non-3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) access, a readable medium and equipment. The QoS processing method is executed by a target network element connected by a service processing device through a non-3GPP access mode, the target network element is connected to a core network element, and the QoS processing method comprises the following steps: receiving QoS configuration information corresponding to service data packet transmission between the service processing device and a service server sent by the core network element; and performing QoS processing on a service data packet transmission process between the service processing equipment and the service server according to the QoS configuration information. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the support of the QoS mechanism in a non-3GPP access mode can be realized, the intercommunication and fusion of the QoS mechanism between the 3GPP network and the non-3GPP network are ensured, and the processing flexibility of the service data flow is improved on the premise of ensuring the QoS requirement of the service data flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of computer and communication technologies. Specifically, it relates to a QoS processing method, apparatus, readable medium, and device based on non-3GPP access. Background Art

[0002] In the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) and its subsequent evolved systems (such as 5G-A, 6G, etc.), high-bandwidth interactive services are important service types, such as cloud gaming, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), extended reality (XR), cinematic reality (CR), XR and media services (XR and M), etc. These high-bandwidth interactive services have high requirements for transmission timeliness, and due to the extremely large amount of data, the data packets of these services pose higher requirements for the control of quality of service (QoS) during transmission.

[0003] At the same time, the processing devices of the above-mentioned interactive services are not limited to the radio access technology (RAT) defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), but can also support non-3GPP access methods, such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi). In this case, how to ensure the QoS requirements of these interactive services is a technical problem to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a QoS processing method, apparatus, readable medium, and device based on non-3GPP access, which can support the QoS mechanism in non-3GPP access mode, ensure the interconnection and integration of the QoS mechanism between 3GPP networks and non-3GPP networks, and improve the processing flexibility of service data streams on the premise of ensuring the QoS requirements of service data streams.

[0005] Other features and advantages of this application will become apparent through the following detailed description, or be learned in part through the practice of this application.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access. The QoS processing method is executed by a target network element connected by a service processing device through a non-3GPP access manner. The target network element is connected to a core network element. The QoS processing method includes: receiving QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and a service server sent by the core network element; performing QoS processing on the process of transmitting service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access. The QoS processing method is executed by an application function network element. The QoS processing method includes: generating QoS requirement information for service data packets, where the service data packets are data packets transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access manner; sending the QoS requirement information to the core network element so that the core network element generates QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information.

[0008] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access. The QoS processing method is executed by a policy control function network element. The QoS processing method includes: obtaining QoS requirement information for service data packets, where the service data packets are data packets transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access manner; generating QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information; sending the QoS policy information to a session management function network element so that the session management function network element configures QoS processing-related information for a processing device of the service data packets according to the QoS policy information.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access. The QoS processing method is executed by a session management function network element. The QoS processing method includes: receiving QoS policy information for processing service data packets sent by a policy control function network element, where the service data packets are data packets transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access manner; generating QoS processing-related information corresponding to each type of processing device of the service data packets according to the QoS policy information; configuring the QoS processing-related information for the processing device of the service data packets.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, generating QoS processing-related information corresponding to each type of processing device of the service data packets according to the QoS policy information includes:

[0011] Generate QoS processing related information corresponding to various processing devices of the service data packet according to the QoS policy information and the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode; or

[0012] Generate the same QoS processing related information for the non-3GPP access mode and the radio access network access mode according to the QoS policy information.

[0013] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access. The QoS processing device is applied to a target network element to which a service processing device is connected through a non-3GPP access mode. The target network element is connected to a core network element. The QoS processing device includes: a receiving unit configured to receive QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and a service server sent by the core network element; a processing unit configured to perform QoS processing on the process of transmitting service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

[0014] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access. The QoS processing device is applied to an application function network element. The QoS processing device includes: a generating unit configured to generate QoS requirement information for a service data packet, where the service data packet is a data packet transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessing through a non-3GPP access mode; a sending unit configured to send the QoS requirement information to the core network element so that the core network element generates QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packet according to the QoS requirement information.

[0015] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access. The QoS processing device is applied to a policy control function network element. The QoS processing device includes: an obtaining unit configured to obtain QoS requirement information for a service data packet, where the service data packet is a data packet transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessing through a non-3GPP access mode; a generating unit configured to generate QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packet according to the QoS requirement information; a sending unit configured to send the QoS policy information to a session management function network element so that the session management function network element configures QoS processing related information for a processing device of the service data packet according to the QoS policy information.

[0016] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a QoS processing apparatus based on non-3GPP access. The QoS processing apparatus is applied to a session management function network element, and the QoS processing apparatus includes: a receiving unit configured to receive QoS policy information sent by a policy control function network element for processing service data packets, where the service data packets are data packets transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access method; a generating unit configured to generate QoS processing-related information corresponding to each type of processing device of the service data packets according to the QoS policy information; and a sending unit configured to configure the QoS processing-related information to the processing device of the service data packets.

[0017] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access as described in the above embodiments.

[0018] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more computer programs, and when the one or more computer programs are executed by the one or more processors, the electronic device implements the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access as described in the above embodiments.

[0019] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of an electronic device reads and executes the computer program from the computer-readable storage medium, so that the electronic device executes the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access provided in the above various alternative embodiments.

[0020] In the technical solutions provided in some embodiments of the present application, after the service processing device is connected to the target network element through a non-3GPP access method, the target network element receives QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server sent by the core network element, and then performs QoS processing on the transmission process of the service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information, so that the support of the QoS mechanism in the non-3GPP access method can be realized based on the target network element, ensuring the interworking and integration of the QoS mechanism between the 3GPP network and the non-3GPP network. Furthermore, the service processing device can implement QoS processing of service data flows through both 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP access methods (such as Wi-Fi access method). On the premise of ensuring the QoS requirements of the service data flow, the processing flexibility of the service data flow is improved, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of network bandwidth and the service processing quality.

[0021] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system architecture to which the technical solution of the embodiment of this application can be applied;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the transmission process of a multimedia data packet according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 A flowchart showing a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 A flowchart showing a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 A flowchart showing a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 A flowchart showing a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 A system architecture diagram showing a trusted non-3GPP access mode according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 A system architecture diagram showing a non-trusted non-3GPP access mode according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 A block diagram showing a QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 A block diagram showing a QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 11 A block diagram showing a QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 12 A block diagram showing a QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 13 A schematic structural diagram of a computer system of an electronic device suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present application is shown. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] Now, example embodiments will be described in a more comprehensive manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to these examples; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be more comprehensive and complete, and the concept of the example embodiments will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0036] In addition, the features, structures, or characteristics described in this application can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, there are many specific details so that the embodiments of this application can be fully understood. However, those skilled in the art should be aware that when implementing the technical solutions of this application, not all the detailed features in the embodiments are required, one or more specific details can be omitted, or other methods, elements, devices, steps, etc. can be adopted.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, the term "module" or "unit" refers to a computer program with a predetermined function or a part of a computer program, which works together with other related parts to achieve a predetermined goal, and can be fully or partially implemented by using software, hardware (such as a processing circuit or a memory), or a combination thereof. Similarly, one processor (or multiple processors or memories) can be used to implement one or more modules or units. In addition, each module or unit can be a part of the overall module or unit that includes the function of that module or unit.

[0038] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are only functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0039] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only exemplary illustrations, and do not necessarily include all the content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily need to be executed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be decomposed, and some operations / steps can be combined or partially combined. Therefore, the actual execution order may change according to the actual situation.

[0040] It should be noted that: "a plurality" mentioned in this article refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0041] With the development of 5G and its subsequent evolution systems (such as 5G-A, 6G, etc.), many multimedia services requiring high data volume and short latency have been applied, such as cloud gaming services, VR, AR, MR, XR, CR and other interactive services.

[0042] For example, in Figure 1 In the cloud game scenario shown, the cloud server 101 is used to run the cloud game. The cloud server 101 can render the game screen, encode the audio signal and the rendered image, and finally transmit the encoded data obtained by the encoding process to each game client through the network. The game client can be a user equipment (UE) with basic streaming media playback capabilities, human-computer interaction capabilities, and communication capabilities, such as a smart phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, desktop computer, smart TV, smart home, car terminal, aircraft, etc.; or the game client can be an application running in a terminal device. Specifically, the game client can decode the encoded data transmitted by the cloud server 101, obtain analog audio and video signals, and play them.

[0043] It should be understood that Figure 1 The system architecture of the cloud gaming system is only exemplified, and the specific architecture of the cloud gaming system is not limited; for example, in other embodiments, the cloud gaming system may also include a background server for scheduling, etc. In addition, the cloud server 101 may be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDN), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The game client and the cloud server 101 can be directly or indirectly connected via wired or wireless communication, and this application does not limit this.

[0044] In the above-mentioned multimedia-based interactive service application scenarios, since the multimedia data packets are huge, they need to be split into multiple data packets for transmission. Figure 2As shown in the figure, taking the 5G system as an example, the user plane mainly includes the application server, the user plane function (UPF), the base station (next generation node B, gNB) and the UE. For some typical business scenarios, the transmission of multimedia data packets is mainly in the downlink direction, such as from the application server (AS) to the UPF, and then sent to the UE through the gNB. During transmission, the multimedia data packet (in Figure 2 Taking the XR data packet as an example) in the application layer of the application server, after the split data packet reaches the UPF from the application server as an IP packet, the 5G system transmits the sub-data packet to the UE through the PDU session, and the UE submits it step by step from the protocol stack and reassembles it to recover the multimedia data packet.

[0045] Among them, Figure 2 In the system shown, L1 layer refers to the physical layer, which is used to ensure that the original data can be transmitted on various physical media; L2 layer refers to the data link layer, which provides services to the network layer based on the services provided by the physical layer; the Internet Protocol (IP) layer is the network layer, which is used to realize data transmission between two end systems; UDP is the User Datagram Protocol, and its Chinese name is User Datagram Protocol; GTP-U is the GPRS (General packet radio service) Tunneling Protocol, and its Chinese name is General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol User Plane; PHY is the abbreviation of Physical, and its Chinese name is physical layer; MAC is Media Access Control, and its Chinese name is media access control; RLC is Radio Link Control, and its Chinese name is Radio Link Control Layer Protocol; PDCP is Packet Data Convergence Protocol, and its Chinese name is Packet Data Convergence Protocol; SDAP is Service Data Adaptation Protocol, and its Chinese name is Service Data Adaptation Protocol.

[0046] As mentioned above, for multimedia services (such as XRM services), it is very common to divide a multimedia data packet into multiple data packets for transmission. A single multimedia service frame or a data packet formed by a group of packets (GoP) may also have a large number of bytes and need to be carried by a series of IP data packets. There is a certain correlation between these IP data packets. Processing these packets based on the correlation can effectively save wireless network bandwidth.

[0047] For example, suppose that multiple IP packets are used for transmission, and these multiple IP packets can form a PDUset (PDU set). If some packets in the PDUset are lost, the entire frame, GoP or other video content may not be decoded, and the remaining data in the PDUset is meaningless to the decoding end. However, if the application layer forward error correction (FEC) or other mechanisms are introduced, the media application layer has a certain packet loss recovery capability or anti-packet loss capability, then the remaining data in the PDU set can still be recovered and decoded after some messages are discarded, which means that the remaining data in the PDU set is still meaningful for the receiving end to decode.

[0048] In addition, if different PDU sets are distinguished according to the relevance of application layer data packets in the QoS processing mechanism, then PDUsets with high rates but that can tolerate a certain percentage of packet loss rate or delay excess rate can continue to be processed. In other words, the processing method of multimedia services can be more flexible. At the same time, when processing multimedia services, it is not limited to the RAT defined by the 3GPP organization, but can also support non-3GPP access methods. This is because in actual scenarios, it is common to use devices defined by non-3GPP organizations (such as Wi-Fi devices) to process multimedia services. In this case, how to ensure the QoS requirements of multimedia services when processing (especially when multimedia services are transmitted through PDUsets) is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0049] It is precisely based on the above-mentioned problems that the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application proposes a new QoS processing solution based on non-3GPP access, which can realize the support of QoS mechanism under non-3GPP access mode, and ensure the interoperability and integration of QoS mechanism between 3GPP network and non-3GPP network, so that the service processing equipment can realize QoS processing of service data flow through 3GPPRAT and non-3GPP access mode (such as Wi-Fi access mode), which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of network bandwidth and service processing quality, so as to better cope with the challenges of high-bandwidth interactive services to wireless network transmission.

[0050] The implementation details of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application are described in detail below:

[0051] Figure 3The figure shows a flowchart of a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application. The QoS processing method can be executed by a target network element connected by a service processing device through a non-3GPP access manner, and the target network element is connected to a core network element. For example, in a trusted non-3GPP access scenario, Figure 3 the shown QoS processing method can be executed by a network element of a Trusted Non-3GPP Access Network (TNAN). The network element can be one or more of a Trusted Non-3GPP Access Point (TNAP) and a Trusted Non-3GPP Gateway Function (TNGF), or can also be other network elements; for another example, in an untrusted non-3GPP access scenario, Figure 3 the shown QoS processing method can be executed by a network element of a Non-3GPP InterWorking Function (N3IWF), or can also be executed by other network elements. Refer to Figure 3 As shown, the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access at least includes S310 to S320, which are introduced in detail as follows:

[0052] In S310, receive QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server sent by the core network element.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, the service data packets between the service processing device and the service server can be transmitted in the form of a packet set (i.e., PDU set). In this case, the QoS parameters included in the QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server can be at least one of the following parameters: PDU Set Delay Budget (PSDB), PDU Set Error Rate (PSER), Maximum Data Burst Volume (MDBV), Packet Delay Variation (PDV).

[0054] Optionally, when transmitting service data packets between the service processing device and the service server, the PDU set method may not be adopted, but a single packet (per-packet) form may be adopted for transmission. In this case, the QoS parameters included in the QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server may be at least one of the following parameters: Packet Delay Budget (PDB), Packet Error Rate (PER), maximum data burst volume, etc.

[0055] In some alternative embodiments, the target network element may obtain QoS configuration information from the Session Management Function (SMF). Specifically, after generating the QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server, the SMF may send the QoS configuration information to the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), and then the AMF may send the QoS configuration information to the target network element. Optionally, after generating the QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server, the SMF may send the QoS configuration information to the UPF, and then the UPF may send the QoS configuration information to the target network element.

[0056] In S320, QoS processing is performed on the transmission process of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

[0057] In some alternative embodiments, the process of the target network element performing QoS processing on the transmission process of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information may be to perform QoS processing on the uplink data packets between the service processing device and the service server, or to perform QoS processing on the downlink data packets between the service server and the service processing device.

[0058] In some alternative embodiments, when the target network element performs QoS processing on the transmission process of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information, if at least one of the following situations is detected during the transmission process of the service data packets according to the QoS configuration information, the corresponding service data packets shall be discarded: congestion occurs during the transmission process of the service data packets, the transmission delay information of the service data packets cannot meet the delay requirements, the error rate of the service data packets cannot meet the error rate requirements, the service data packets are determined to be useless redundant packets.

[0059] Specifically, if the target network element detects that the transmission delay information of the downlink data packet from the service server fails to meet the delay requirements included in the QoS configuration information, it may discard the downlink data packet. Among them, for the downlink data packet transmitted in the PDU set mode, the delay requirement included in the QoS configuration information is the PSDB; for the downlink data packet transmitted in the per-packet mode, the delay requirement included in the QoS configuration information is the PDB.

[0060] Optionally, if the target network element detects that the bit error rate of the downlink data packet from the service server fails to meet the bit error rate requirements included in the QoS configuration information, it may discard the downlink data packet. Among them, for the downlink data packet transmitted in the PDU set mode, the bit error rate included in the QoS configuration information is the PSER; for the downlink data packet transmitted in the per-packet mode, the bit error rate included in the QoS configuration information is the PER.

[0061] Optionally, if the target network element detects congestion during the transmission of the downlink data packet from the service server, it may discard the downlink data packet. For example, it may be discarded in the order of the downlink data packet's priority from low to high.

[0062] Optionally, if the target network element detects useless redundant data packets in the downlink data packet from the service server, such as the downlink data packet uses FEC or other mechanisms resulting in redundant data packets, then if the corresponding valid data packets of the redundant data packet are all transmitted normally, it means that the redundant data packet is an invalid data packet, that is, it does not need to be transmitted anymore, so it can be discarded.

[0063] Optionally, if the target network element detects that the transmission delay information of the uplink data packet from the service processing device fails to meet the delay requirements included in the QoS configuration information, it may discard the uplink data packet. Among them, for the uplink data packet transmitted in the PDU set mode, the delay requirement included in the QoS configuration information is the PSDB; for the uplink data packet transmitted in the per-packet mode, the delay requirement included in the QoS configuration information is the PDB.

[0064] Optionally, if the target network element detects that the bit error rate of the uplink data packet from the service processing device fails to meet the bit error rate requirement included in the QoS configuration information, the target network element may discard the uplink data packet. Among them, for the uplink data packet transmitted in the PDU set mode, the bit error rate included in the QoS configuration information is the PSER; for the uplink data packet transmitted in the per-packet mode, the bit error rate included in the QoS configuration information is the PER.

[0065] Optionally, if the target network element detects congestion during the transmission of the uplink data packet from the service processing device, the target network element may discard the uplink data packet. For example, the target network element may discard the uplink data packets in the order of increasing priority.

[0066] Optionally, if the target network element detects useless redundant data packets in the uplink data packet from the service processing device, for example, if the uplink data packet uses FEC or other mechanisms resulting in redundant data packets, then if the corresponding valid data packets of the redundant data packets are all transmitted normally, it means that the redundant data packet is an invalid data packet, that is, it does not need to be transmitted anymore, so it can be discarded.

[0067] In some alternative embodiments, the target network element may detect the process of the service processing device transmitting service data packets in a non-3GPP access network environment to determine whether congestion occurs during the transmission of the service data packets. For example, the target network element may detect the transmission process of the downlink service data packet sent to the service processing device to determine whether congestion occurs in the transmission of the downlink service data packet; or the target network element may also detect the transmission process of the uplink service data packet sent by the service processing device to determine whether congestion occurs in the transmission of the uplink service data packet.

[0068] Optionally, if the service processing device accesses the target network element through the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) method, then it is possible to determine whether congestion occurs based on the frequency of the service processing device's backoff. For example, if the service processing device backs off relatively frequently (such as the number of backoffs per unit time reaches the set number), it means that congestion may have occurred.

[0069] It should be noted that by providing different priorities and access categories, EDCA enables different data flows to obtain different transmission opportunities according to their QoS requirements. Moreover, based on the contention and backoff mechanisms, EDCA adjusts parameters such as the backoff time and the contention window size to achieve fair competition and priority differentiation for traffic flows with different priorities on the channel. Among them, EDCA defines access categories, each of which has different priority and backoff parameter settings. These access categories can be configured according to service requirements to meet different QoS requirements. For example, different access categories can be set for voice, video, data, etc.

[0070] In some alternative embodiments, the target network element may determine the priority of the service data packet according to the field information included in the service data packet, so as to discard the service data in ascending order of priority when necessary. Optionally, the field information may be, for example, PDU set Importance (PSI) information. Then, the importance of different PDU sets can be determined according to this field information, and the importance is positively correlated with the priority. In other embodiments of the present application, the priority of the service data packet may also be determined according to other field information. For example, the type of the service data packet is determined according to the field indicating the type of the service data packet, and then the priority of the service data packet is determined according to the pre-determined priorities of different types of data packets (such as the priority of the service data packet of the video type is higher than that of the service data packet of the audio type, etc.).

[0071] In some alternative embodiments, since the target network element needs to transmit the downlink data packet received from the service server to the service processing device, and at the same time, the uplink data packet that the service processing device needs to send to the service server also needs to be sent to the target network element first, when processing the QoS of the service data packet between the service processing device and the service server, the delay information between the target network element and the service processing device can be considered.

[0072] Specifically, when monitoring the transmission delay of service data packets between a service processing device and a service server, the target network element can determine whether the transmission delay of the service data packets meets the delay requirements included in the QoS rule information in combination with the delay information between the target network element and the service processing device. For example, the delay requirement for a downlink data packet sent by the service server to the service processing device is a maximum of 50 ms. If the target network element finds that the downlink data packet has been delayed by 40 ms after receiving it, and the delay between the target network element and the service processing device is 15 ms, then the target network element can determine that even if the downlink data packet is sent to the service processing device, the delay requirement cannot be met, so the downlink data packet can be discarded. If the target network element finds that the downlink data packet has been delayed by 30 ms after receiving it, and the delay between the target network element and the service processing device is 5 ms, then the target network element can determine that the downlink data packet can meet the delay requirement.

[0073] In some alternative embodiments, the target network element can obtain the delay information between the target network element and the service processing device, and then send the delay information to a specified core network element, so that the Policy Control Function (PCF) can generate policy information for QoS processing of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server based on the delay information obtained from the specified core network element. That is, when generating the policy information for QoS processing, the PCF can take into account the delay information between the target network element and the service processing device. Optionally, the specified core network element can be the Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF), or other network elements such as the AMF or the Application Function (AF).

[0074] In some alternative embodiments, when the target network element detects congestion of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server, it can also perform an Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) marking on the service data packets (the service data packets can be uplink service data packets or downlink service data packets).

[0075] Optionally, when performing ECN marking on the uplink service data packet, the ECN marking can be set in the IP header of the uplink service data packet to indicate that the uplink service data packet has experienced network congestion. After the uplink service data packet is sent to the service server, the service server learns from the ECN marking in the uplink service data packet that congestion has occurred during the transmission of the uplink service data packet. Then, the service server will reply with an ACK message with ECN-echo to the service processing device. When the service processing device receives the ACK message with ECN-echo, it will know that congestion has occurred in the uplink service data packet in the network path and will adjust the sending rate of the uplink service data packet accordingly to avoid further congestion.

[0076] Optionally, when performing ECN marking on the downlink service data packet, the ECN marking can be set in the IP header of the downlink service data packet to indicate that the downlink service data packet has experienced network congestion. After the downlink service data packet is sent to the service processing device, the service processing device learns from the ECN marking in the downlink service data packet that congestion has occurred during the transmission of the downlink service data packet. Then, the service processing device will reply with an ACK message with ECN-echo to the service server. When the service server receives the ACK message with ECN-echo, it will know that congestion has occurred in the downlink service data packet in the network path and will adjust the sending rate of the downlink service data packet accordingly to avoid further congestion.

[0077] In some alternative embodiments, the target network element can perform relay processing on the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server through Low Latency, Low Loss, and Scalable Throughput (L4S) technology.

[0078] Among them, Low Latency means that the time required for data to be transmitted from the sending end to the receiving end is as short as possible. Latency refers to the time delay during the transmission process, which may affect the response speed and performance of the application. Low Latency technology can reduce the transmission time and improve the response speed of the application and the user experience. Low Loss means that during the network transmission process, the packet loss rate is as low as possible. Packet loss refers to the situation where some data packets fail to be successfully transmitted to the receiving end during the network transmission process. Low Loss technology can ensure the integrity and reliability of the data and avoid errors and losses during the data transmission process. Scalable Throughput means that the data processing capacity of the network or system can be expanded according to requirements. Scalable Throughput technology can adjust the processing capacity of the network or system according to actual needs to ensure the efficient operation and scalability of the system.

[0079] As can be seen, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application enables the target network element to implement congestion marking processing based on the L4S technology, which helps to reduce latency, lower the packet loss rate, and achieve scalable throughput. At the same time, since the congestion marking processing based on the L4S technology provides early congestion feedback, the sending end can adjust the sending rate in a timely manner, thereby improving the performance and stability of the network. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application can realize the interworking and integration of the L4S technology between the 3GPP network and the non-3GPP network, and further ensure that the service processing device can implement L4S-based congestion handling through both the 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP access methods, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of network bandwidth and the quality of service processing.

[0080] In some alternative embodiments, the process of the target network element performing QoS processing on the service data packet transmission process between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information may be: mapping the QoS-related information included in the QoS configuration information to the QoS mechanism of the non-3GPP access method, and mapping the downlink service data packet sent by the service server to be carried by the non-3GPP access method to send the downlink service data packet to the service processing device.

[0081] For example, if the service processing device is connected to the target network element through the Wi-Fi access method, then the target network element can map the QoS flow or the specified data stream in the QoS flow to the Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) corresponding to the Wi-Fi access method. Or the target network element can also map the QoS flow or the specified data stream in the QoS flow to the specified transmission resource of the TXOP corresponding to the Wi-Fi access method.

[0082] It should be noted that the TXOP can be regarded as a channel access mechanism for managing the access and data transmission of the wireless channel. It is based on the idea of Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), divides the channel into different time intervals, and each time interval is allocated to a Station (SAT) device for data transmission. By controlling the TXOP of each station, fair allocation and effective utilization of channel resources can be achieved, thereby improving the performance and efficiency of the network. Therefore, the QoS flow or the specified data stream in the QoS flow can be mapped to the TXOP corresponding to the Wi-Fi access method, or the TXOP can be further divided to map the QoS flow or the specified data stream in the QoS flow to the specified transmission resource (such as a certain period of transmission time) of the TXOP corresponding to the Wi-Fi access method.

[0083] The above has described the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of the target network element connected by the service processing device through the non-3GPP access mode. The following further elaborates on the implementation details of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of other network elements:

[0084] Figure 4 FIG. shows a flowchart of a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application. This QoS processing method can be executed by the AF, or can also be executed by other network elements. Refer to Figure 4 As shown, the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access at least includes S410 to S420, which are introduced in detail as follows:

[0085] In S410, QoS requirement information for service data packets is generated. The service data packets are the data packets transmitted between the service server and the service processing device accessed through the non-3GPP access mode.

[0086] In some alternative embodiments, the service data packets between the service processing device and the service server can be transmitted in the form of a PDU set. In this case, the QoS parameters included in the QoS requirement information for the service data packets can be at least one of the following parameters: PSDB, PSER, MDBV, PDV.

[0087] Optionally, when the service data packets between the service processing device and the service server are transmitted, they can also be transmitted in the form of individual packets (per-packet) instead of using the PDU set method. In this case, the QoS parameters included in the QoS requirement information for the service data packets can be at least one of the following parameters: PDB, PER, maximum data burst volume, etc.

[0088] In some alternative embodiments, the AF can generate QoS requirement information according to the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode, so that the generated QoS requirement information can better match the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode.

[0089] Optionally, the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode can include statistical indicators such as bandwidth situation, delay situation, jitter characteristics, reliability, packet loss rate, etc., and can also include one or more of other information such as the QoS capabilities that can be supported. For example, taking the non-3GPP access mode as the Wi-Fi access mode, the access characteristics of the Wi-Fi access mode can also include QoS capabilities for different access classes (AC), and other medium access control (MAC) layer parameters such as the backoff mechanism.

[0090] In some alternative embodiments, the AF may also generate the same QoS requirement information for non-3GPP access modes and Radio Access Network (RAN) access modes, that is, in this embodiment, a unified set of QoS requirement information can be generated without distinguishing the access modes of service processing devices, which can simplify the system processing flow.

[0091] In S420, the QoS requirement information is sent to the core network element so that the core network element generates QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packet according to the QoS requirement information.

[0092] In some alternative embodiments, when the AF sends the QoS requirement information to the core network element, the AF may directly send the QoS requirement information to the PCF. Or the QoS requirement information may also be sent to the Network Exposure Function (NEF), and then forwarded by the NEF to the PCF. Or the AF may also negotiate a Service Level Agreement (SLA) with the PCF to transfer the QoS requirement information to the PCF.

[0093] Figure 5 The flowchart of a QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. This QoS processing method may be executed by the PCF, or may also be executed by other network elements. Refer to Figure 5 As shown, this QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access at least includes S510 to S530, which are introduced in detail as follows:

[0094] In S510, QoS requirement information for the service data packet is obtained. The service data packet is a data packet transmitted between the service server and the service processing device accessing through the non-3GPP access mode.

[0095] In some alternative embodiments, the PCF may directly receive the QoS requirement information for the service data packet sent by the AF, or may also receive the QoS requirement information from the AF forwarded by the NEF, or the PCF may also obtain the QoS requirement information by negotiating an SLA with the AF.

[0096] In some alternative embodiments, the service data packet between the service processing device and the service server may be transmitted in the form of a PDU set. In this case, the QoS parameters included in the QoS requirement information for the service data packet may be at least one of the following parameters: PSDB, PSER, MDBV, PDV.

[0097] Optionally, when transmitting service data packets between the service processing device and the service server, the PDU set method may not be adopted, but instead, the packets may be transmitted in the form of per-packet. In this case, the QoS parameters included in the QoS requirement information for the service data packets may be at least one of the following parameters: PDB, PER, maximum data burst volume, etc.

[0098] In S520, QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets is generated according to the QoS requirement information.

[0099] In some alternative embodiments, the PCF may generate QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information and the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode, so that the generated QoS policy information can better match the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode.

[0100] Optionally, the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode may include statistical metrics such as bandwidth situation, latency situation, jitter characteristics, reliability, packet loss rate, etc., and may also include one or more of other information such as the supported QoS capabilities. For example, taking the non-3GPP access mode as the Wi-Fi access mode, the access characteristics of the Wi-Fi access mode may also include QoS capabilities for different ACs, other MAC layer parameters such as the backoff mechanism, etc.

[0101] In some alternative embodiments, the PCF may also generate the same QoS policy information for the non-3GPP access mode and the RAN access mode according to the QoS requirement information, that is, in this embodiment, a set of unified QoS policy information may be generated without distinguishing the access mode of the service processing device, which can simplify the system processing flow.

[0102] In S530, the QoS policy information is sent to the session management function network element, so that the session management function network element configures QoS processing-related information for the service data packet processing device according to the QoS policy information.

[0103] In some alternative embodiments, the process of the PCF sending the QoS policy information to the SMF may be that the PCF and the SMF interact through the session management policy association establishment (SM Policy Association Establishment) signaling process, or through the session management policy association modification (SM Policy Association Modification) signaling process, and then the PCF sends the relevant policy information to the SMF through the session management policy context data information element (SMPolicyContextData IE).

[0104] Optionally, the process of the SMF configuring QoS processing-related information for the service data packet processing device according to the QoS policy information may refer to the following Figure 6 illustrated embodiment.

[0105] Figure 6 The flowchart of the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. This QoS processing method can be executed by the SMF or can also be executed by other network elements. Referring to Figure 6 as shown, the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access at least includes S610 to S630, which are introduced in detail as follows:

[0106] In S610, receive the QoS policy information sent by the policy control function network element for processing the service data packet. This service data packet is the data packet transmitted between the service server and the service processing device accessed through the non-3GPP access method.

[0107] Optionally, the generation process and related description of the QoS policy information sent by the PCF can refer to the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0108] In S620, generate QoS processing-related information corresponding to each type of processing device of the service data packet according to the QoS policy information.

[0109] In some optional embodiments, the SMF can generate QoS processing-related information corresponding to each type of processing device of the service data packet according to the QoS policy information and the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access method, so that the generated QoS processing-related information can better match the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access method.

[0110] Optionally, the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access method may include statistical indicators such as bandwidth situation, delay situation, jitter characteristics, reliability, packet loss rate, etc., and may also include one or more of other information such as the supported QoS capabilities. For example, taking the non-3GPP access method as the Wi-Fi access method, the access characteristics of the Wi-Fi access method may also include QoS capabilities for different APs, other MAC layer parameters such as the backoff mechanism, etc.

[0111] In some optional embodiments, the SMF can also generate the same QoS processing-related information for the non-3GPP access method and the RAN access method according to the QoS policy information. That is, in this embodiment, a set of unified QoS processing-related information can be generated without distinguishing the access methods of the service processing devices, which can simplify the system processing flow.

[0112] In some alternative embodiments, various processing devices for service data packets may include a UPF, a target network element, and a service processing device. Specifically, the QoS processing-related information generated by the SMF for the UPF may be a Service Data Flow (SDF) template (SDFTemplate); the QoS processing-related information generated by the SMF for the target network element may be QoS configuration information (QoS profiles); and the QoS processing-related information generated by the SMF for the service processing device may be QoS rule information (QoS rules).

[0113] In S630, the QoS processing-related information is configured to the processing device of the service data packet.

[0114] In some alternative embodiments, the process of configuring the QoS processing-related information to the processing device of the service data packet may include: sending the SDFTemplate to the UPF, sending the QoS configuration file to the target network element, and sending the QoS rule information to the service processing device.

[0115] Optionally, when the SMF sends the QoS configuration file to the target network element, it may send the QoS configuration information to the AMF, and then the AMF sends the QoS configuration information to the target network element. Optionally, the SMF may also send the QoS configuration information to the UPF, and then the UPF sends the QoS configuration information to the target network element.

[0116] Optionally, when the SMF sends the QoS rule information to the service processing device, it may send the QoS rule information to the AMF, then the AMF sends the QoS rule information to the target network element, and then the target network element sends it to the service processing device. Optionally, if the service processing device can also support accessing the core network through the 3GPP access mode, then the SMF may also send the QoS rule information to the AMF, and then the AMF sends it to the service processing device via the RAN.

[0117] The following combines Figure 7 and Figure 8 , taking the non-3GPP access mode as the Wi-Fi access mode as an example, to elaborate in detail on the implementation details of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application:

[0118] As Figure 7 shown, in the system architecture of the trusted non-3GPP access mode, the TNAN is connected to the core network elements AMF and UPF. The service processing device (i.e., Figure 7The UE shown in [description] can access the 5G core network through TNAN, or if the UE has the ability of 3GPP RAT, it can also access the 5G core network through 3GPP Access. Among them, TNAN includes TNAP and TNGF, and the service server is located at the back end of the 5G core network and is connected to the Data Network (DN).

[0119] In an embodiment of the present application, in order to enable Figure 7 the system architecture shown in [description] to support the PDU set feature of trusted 3GPP access, TNGF and TNAP can provide the transmission of NAS signaling and user plane data based on the Wi-Fi network (taking the Wi-Fi network as an example for illustration).

[0120] In some alternative embodiments, for different characteristics of Wi-Fi, it is necessary to introduce but not limited to the following new functions in the functions of AF and PCF: generating QoS requirements in AF, and optimizing the generation of PCC rules in PCF by combining the access characteristics of Trusted Wi-Fi Access; setting in combination with Wi-Fi characteristics when starting QoS monitoring or ECN marking for L4S.

[0121] Optionally, the access characteristics of Trusted Wi-Fi Access may include statistical indicators such as bandwidth situation, latency situation, jitter characteristics, reliability, packet loss rate, etc., and may also include other MAC layer parameters such as the supported QoS capabilities, QoS capabilities for different ACs, and backoff mechanisms. By optimizing the generation of QoS requirements in AF, the generation of PCC rules in PCF, and the combination with the access characteristics of Trusted Wi-Fi Access when starting QoS monitoring or ECN marking for L4S, the QoS processing can be more matched with the access characteristics of Trusted Wi-Fi Access, ensuring the effect and quality of QoS processing.

[0122] In some alternative embodiments, if the UE is a Trusted Wi-Fi Access, when the AF submits QoS requirement information and when the PCF generates PCC rules based on the QoS requirement information, the characteristics of Trusted Wi-Fi Access can be combined to generate PCC rules that are more easily mapped to the QoS of Wi-Fi. For example, since Wi-Fi has less support for per-flow QoS, when the AF provides QoS requirement information and when the PCF generates PCC rules, per-class QoS such as the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) can be considered, that is, class-based QoS is adopted. For example, access categories (ACs) corresponding to different service data are divided, and corresponding QoS requirement information and PCC rules are set for different access categories. When selecting the 5G QoS Identifier (5GQoSIdentifier, 5QI), the characteristics of the current Trusted Wi-Fi Access network (including but not limited to metrics such as bandwidth, latency, jitter characteristics, reliability, packet loss rate, etc. obtained through the QoS monitoring mechanism) can also be combined to make QoS more easily mapped between 5G and Wi-Fi.

[0123] In some alternative embodiments, for protocol simplification, the 5GC can also generate a unified set of QoS parameters for both NG-RAN Access and Trusted Wi-Fi Access to mask the different characteristics of different Trusted Wi-Fi Accesses.

[0124] In some alternative embodiments, the following new functions can be introduced on the SMF, including but not limited to: when the SMF configures the QoS profile, QoS rule, and N4 rule (the N4 rule is QoS processing-related information sent to the UPF), the access characteristics of Trusted Wi-Fi Access can also be combined for optimization to make QoS more easily mapped between 5G and Wi-Fi.

[0125] In some alternative embodiments, the following new functions can be introduced on the TNAN (specifically, any one or both of the TNGF and TNAP can be combined):

[0126] 1. Support the radio access side functions in PDU set QoS processing, including but not limited to discarding the data packets in the PDU set when congestion occurs or useless redundant data is detected.

[0127] Optionally, the implementation of this function can perform congestion detection in a Trusted Wi-Fi network environment, such as detecting congestion by collecting the frequency of backoff of the UE. In the EDCA mode, both the UE accessing Wi-Fi and the Wi-Fi access point (i.e., TNAP) can determine the network congestion situation based on the frequency of backoff.

[0128] Optionally, the implementation of this function can identify PSI or other fields at the N2 / N3 endpoint such as TNGF to select appropriate data packets for discard operations when congestion occurs.

[0129] Optionally, the specific parameters for PDU set QoS processing and data packet discarding operations under Trusted Wi-Fi Access conditions, such as latency requirements and packet loss rate requirements, can be determined according to parameters such as PSDB and PSER provided by the 5GC.

[0130] 2. Map the downlink PDU set data to a Wi-Fi bearer, and map the 5G QoS parameters + PDU set QoS to the QoS mechanism of Wi-Fi.

[0131] Optionally, this mechanism can map 5G QoS flows or finer-grained data flows to the TXOP of Trusted Wi-Fi.

[0132] Optionally, according to the TXOP resource characteristics, TNAN can map the PDU set data to the transmission resources of the TXOP.

[0133] 3. In terms of delay monitoring, consider the delay between the UE and TNAN to correct the QoS delay requirements of 5GS.

[0134] Optionally, if 5GS starts QoS monitoring, then perform delay measurement and reporting between the UE and TNAN (such as TNGF), and TNAN (such as TNGF) assumes the role of the N2 / N3 endpoint of the NG-RAN.

[0135] 4. Can perform congestion-based ECN marking for L4S.

[0136] Optionally, after TNAN (such as TNGF) detects congestion in the Trusted Wi-Fi Access environment, TNAN (such as TNGF) can perform ECN marking for L4S operation processing.

[0137] In some optional embodiments, the following functions may be introduced on the UE, but are not limited to: after obtaining the QoS rules configured by the SMF, perform QoS optimization processing in combination with the access characteristics of Trusted Wi-Fi Access; cooperate with TNAN (such as TNGF or TNAP) to complete QoS monitoring processing, such as measuring the delay.

[0138] As Figure 8 shown, in the system architecture of the untrusted non-3GPP access mode, the N3IWF is connected to the core network elements AMF and UPF. The service processing device (i.e., the Figure 8 UE shown therein) can access the N3IWF through the untrusted non-3GPP access mode (Untrusted Non-3GPP Access) (for example, the UE establishes an Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) tunnel with the N3IWF to connect to the 5G core network through the untrusted non-3GPP access mode), and access the 5G core network through the N3IWF. Or if the UE has the ability of 3GPP RAT, it can also access the 5G core network through 3GPP Access. Among them, the service server is located at the back end of the 5G core network and is connected to the DN.

[0139] In an embodiment of the present application, in order to enable the Figure 8 system architecture shown to support the PDU set feature of trusted 3GPP access, the N3IWF can provide the transmission of NAS signaling and user plane data based on the Wi-Fi network (taking the Wi-Fi network as an example for illustration).

[0140] In some optional embodiments, for different characteristics of Wi-Fi, the following new functions need to be introduced on the functions of the AF and PCF, but are not limited to: generating QoS requirements in the AF and optimizing in combination with the access characteristics of Untrusted Wi-Fi Access when the PCF generates PCC rules; setting in combination with Wi-Fi characteristics when starting QoS monitoring or ECN marking for L4S.

[0141] Optionally, the access characteristics of Untrusted Wi-Fi Access may include statistical metrics such as bandwidth, latency, jitter characteristics, reliability, packet loss rate, etc., and may also include other MAC layer parameters such as the supported QoS capabilities, QoS capabilities for different ACs, and backoff mechanisms. By generating QoS requirements at the AF, generating PCC rules at the PCF, and optimizing in combination with the access characteristics of Untrusted Wi-Fi Access when starting QoS monitoring or ECN marking for L4S, the QoS processing performed can better match the access characteristics of Untrusted Wi-Fi Access, ensuring the effectiveness and quality of QoS processing.

[0142] In some alternative embodiments, if the UE is Untrusted Wi-Fi Access, then when the AF presents QoS requirement information and when the PCF generates PCC rules based on the QoS requirement information, the characteristics of Untrusted Wi-Fi Access can be combined to generate PCC rules that are more easily mapped to Wi-Fi QoS. For example, since Wi-Fi has less support for per-flow QoS, when the AF provides QoS requirement information and when the PCF generates PCC rules, per-class QoS such as DSCP can be considered, that is, class-based QoS is adopted. For example, different access categories AC corresponding to different service data are divided, and corresponding QoS requirement information and PCC rules are set for different access categories. When selecting 5QI, the characteristics of the current Untrusted Wi-Fi Access network (including but not limited to metrics such as bandwidth, latency, jitter characteristics, reliability, packet loss rate obtained through the QoS monitoring mechanism) can also be combined to make QoS more easily mapped between 5G and Wi-Fi.

[0143] In some alternative embodiments, for protocol simplification, the 5GC can also generate a unified set of QoS parameters for both NG-RAN Access and Untrusted Wi-Fi Access, and shield the different characteristics of different Untrusted Wi-Fi Accesses through the N3IWF.

[0144] In some alternative embodiments, the following new functions can be introduced but are not limited to on the SMF: When the SMF configures the QoS profile, QoS rule, and N4 rule (the N4 rule is QoS processing-related information sent to the UPF), the access characteristics of Untrusted Wi-Fi Access can also be combined for optimization to make QoS more easily mapped between 5G and Wi-Fi.

[0145] In some optional embodiments, the following new functions are introduced on the N3IWF, but are not limited to:

[0146] 1. Support the radio access side functions in PDU set QoS processing, including but not limited to discarding the data packets in the PDU set when congestion occurs or useless redundant data is detected.

[0147] Optionally, the implementation of this function can perform congestion detection in an Untrusted Wi-Fi network environment, such as detecting congestion by collecting the frequency of UE backoff, etc.

[0148] Optionally, the implementation of this function can identify PSI or other fields at the N2 / N3 endpoint such as the N3IWF, so as to select appropriate data packets for discarding operations when congestion occurs.

[0149] Optionally, the specific parameters for PDU set QoS processing and data packet discarding, etc. under the condition of Untrusted Wi-Fi Access, such as delay time requirements, packet loss rate requirements, etc., can be determined according to parameters such as PSDB and PSER provided by the 5GC.

[0150] 2. Map the downlink PDU set data to a Wi-Fi bearer, and map the 5G QoS parameters + PDU set QoS to the QoS mechanism of Wi-Fi.

[0151] Optionally, this mechanism can map the 5G QoS flow or a finer-grained data stream to the TXOP of Trusted Wi-Fi.

[0152] Optionally, according to the TXOP resource characteristics, the N3IWF can map the PDU set data to the transmission resources of the TXOP.

[0153] 3. In terms of delay monitoring, take the delay between the UE and the N3IWF into account and correct the QoS delay requirements of the 5GS.

[0154] Optionally, if the 5GS starts QoS monitoring, then perform delay measurement and reporting between the UE and the N3IWF, and the N3IWF assumes the role of the N2 / N3 endpoint of the NG-RAN.

[0155] 4. Can perform congestion-based ECN marking for L4S.

[0156] Optionally, after the N3IWF detects congestion in the Untrusted Wi-Fi Access environment, the N3IWF can perform the ECN marking for L4S operation processing.

[0157] In some alternative embodiments, the following functions may be introduced on the UE, but are not limited to: after obtaining the QoS rules configured by the SMF, perform QoS optimization processing in combination with the access characteristics of the Untrusted Wi-Fi Access; cooperate with the N3IWF to complete the QoS monitoring processing, such as measuring the delay, etc.

[0158] In summary, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application can extend the PDU set QoS processing mechanism defined by 3GPP 5GS to non-3GPP access scenarios (such as the W-Fi access scenario), enabling the PDU set QoS mechanism to achieve the interconnection and integration of 3GPP and non-3GPP networks, which is conducive to supporting the service processing devices of 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP access methods to switch according to the network environment and other factors (such as tariff factors), improving the processing flexibility of service data streams, and ensuring the better popularization of immersive multimedia services (such as XRM services).

[0159] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the example of transmitting service data between the service processing device and the service server in the form of a PDU set is used for illustration, and the processing method when the service data is transmitted between the service processing device and the service server in the form of per-packet is similar and will not be elaborated. At the same time, the non-3GPP access method refers to wireless access technologies other than the 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G and other cellular network access technologies defined by 3GPP, including but not limited to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 series of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) and the Wi-Fi technology defined by the corresponding Wi-Fi Alliance.

[0160] The following introduces the device embodiments of the present application, which can be used to execute the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access in the above embodiments of the present application. For the details not disclosed in the device embodiments of the present application, please refer to the embodiments of the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access above.

[0161] Figure 9The block diagram of a QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The QoS processing device can be applied to a target network element to which a service processing device is connected through a non-3GPP access method, and the target network element is connected to a core network element. For example, in a trusted non-3GPP access scenario, Figure 9 the QoS processing device shown can be applied to a TNAN network element, which can be one or more of a TNAP and a TNGF, or can also be other network elements; for another example, in an untrusted non-3GPP access scenario, Figure 3 the QoS processing device shown can be applied to an N3IWF, or can also be applied to other network elements.

[0162] Referring to Figure 9 as shown, a QoS processing device 900 based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a receiving unit 902 and a processing unit 904.

[0163] Among them, the receiving unit 902 is configured to receive QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and the service server sent by the core network element; the processing unit 904 is configured to perform QoS processing on the process of transmitting service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

[0164] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the processing unit 904 is configured to: if at least one of the following situations occurs during the transmission process of the service data packet is detected according to the QoS configuration information, discard the corresponding service data packet: congestion occurs during the transmission process of the service data packet, the transmission delay information of the service data packet cannot meet the delay requirement, the bit error rate of the service data packet cannot meet the bit error rate requirement, and the service data packet is determined to be a useless redundant data packet.

[0165] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the processing unit 904 is further configured to perform at least one of the following processes: detect the process of the service processing device transmitting service data packets in a non-3GPP access network environment to determine whether congestion occurs in the transmission process of the service data packet; determine the priority of the service data packet according to the field information included in the service data packet, so as to discard the service data in the order from low to high priority when it is necessary to discard the service data.

[0166] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the processing unit 904 is configured to: map the QoS-related information included in the QoS configuration information to the QoS mechanism of the non-3GPP access mode, and map the downlink service data packet sent by the service server to be carried by the non-3GPP access mode, so as to send the downlink service data packet to the service processing device.

[0167] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the non-3GPP access mode includes a Wi-Fi access mode; mapping the QoS-related information included in the QoS configuration information to the QoS mechanism of the non-3GPP access mode includes at least one of the following methods: mapping a QoS flow or a specified data flow in the QoS flow to the transmission opportunity TXOP corresponding to the Wi-Fi access mode; mapping a QoS flow or a specified data flow in the QoS flow to the specified transmission resource of the TXOP corresponding to the Wi-Fi access mode.

[0168] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the processing unit 904 is further configured to: obtain the delay information between the target network element and the service processing device; when monitoring the transmission delay of the service data packet between the service processing device and the service server, determine whether the transmission delay of the service data packet meets the delay requirement included in the QoS configuration information in combination with the delay information.

[0169] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the processing unit 904 is further configured to: obtain the delay information between the target network element and the service processing device; send the delay information to a specified core network element, so that the policy control function network element generates QoS policy information for processing the service data packet based on the delay information obtained from the specified core network element.

[0170] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the processing unit 904 is further configured to: if congestion of the service data packet between the service processing device and the service server is detected, perform an explicit congestion notification ECN marking on the service data packet.

[0171] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, if the non-3GPP access mode is a trusted non-3GPP access mode, the target network element is a trusted non-3GPP access network element; if the non-3GPP access mode is an untrusted non-3GPP access mode, the target network element is a non-3GPP interworking function network element.

[0172] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, service data packets between the service processing device and the service server are transmitted in the form of a data packet set; wherein, the QoS parameters in the QoS configuration information include at least one of the following parameters: protocol data unit (PDU) set delay budget, PDU set bit error rate, maximum data burst volume, data packet delay jitter.

[0173] Figure 10 FIG. shows a block diagram of a QoS processing apparatus based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application. The QoS processing apparatus can be applied to an AF, or can also be applied to other network elements.

[0174] Refer to Figure 10 As shown, a QoS processing apparatus 1000 based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a generating unit 1002 and a transmitting unit 1004.

[0175] Among them, the generating unit 1002 is configured to generate QoS requirement information for service data packets, and the service data packets are data packets transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access manner; the transmitting unit 1004 is configured to send the QoS requirement information to a core network element, so that the core network element generates QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information.

[0176] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the generating unit 1002 is configured to: generate the QoS requirement information according to the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access manner; or

[0177] Generate the same QoS requirement information for the non-3GPP access manner and the radio access network access manner.

[0178] Figure 11 FIG. shows a block diagram of a QoS processing apparatus based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application. The QoS processing apparatus can be applied to a PCF, or can also be applied to other network elements.

[0179] Refer to Figure 11 As shown, a QoS processing apparatus 1100 based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application includes: an obtaining unit 1102, a generating unit 1104, and a transmitting unit 1106.

[0180] Among them, the obtaining unit 1102 is configured to obtain QoS requirement information for a service data packet, where the service data packet is a data packet transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access mode; the generating unit 1104 is configured to generate QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packet according to the QoS requirement information; the sending unit 1106 is configured to send the QoS policy information to a session management function network element, so that the session management function network element configures QoS processing-related information for the processing device of the service data packet according to the QoS policy information.

[0181] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the generating unit 1104 is configured to: generate QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packet according to the QoS requirement information and the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode; or

[0182] Generate the same QoS policy information for the non-3GPP access mode and the radio access network access mode according to the QoS requirement information.

[0183] Figure 12 The block diagram of a QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The QoS processing device can be applied to the SMF, or can also be applied to other network elements.

[0184] Refer to Figure 12 As shown, a QoS processing device 1200 based on non-3GPP access according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a receiving unit 1202, a generating unit 1204, and a sending unit 1206.

[0185] Among them, the receiving unit 1202 is configured to receive QoS policy information sent by a policy control function network element for processing a service data packet, where the service data packet is a data packet transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access mode; the generating unit 1204 is configured to generate QoS processing-related information corresponding to each type of processing device of the service data packet according to the QoS policy information; the sending unit 1206 is configured to configure the QoS processing-related information for the processing device of the service data packet.

[0186] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the generating unit 1204 is configured to: generate QoS processing-related information corresponding to each type of processing device of the service data packet according to the QoS policy information and the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode; or

[0187] Generate the same QoS processing-related information for the non-3GPP access mode and the radio access network access mode according to the QoS policy information.

[0188] Figure 13 FIG. shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer system of an electronic device suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present application. The electronic device may be the target network element, AF, PCF or SMF in the foregoing embodiments.

[0189] It should be noted that Figure 13 The computer system 1300 of the electronic device shown is only an example and should not impose any limitations on the functions and usage scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0190] As Figure 13 shown, the computer system 1300 may include a central processing unit (CPU) 1301, which may perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 1302 or the program loaded from the storage section 1308 into the random access memory (RAM) 1303, such as executing the methods described in the foregoing embodiments. In the RAM 1303, various programs and data required for system operation are also stored. The CPU 1301, ROM 1302, and RAM 1303 are connected to each other via a bus 1304. The input / output (I / O) interface 1305 is also connected to the bus 1304.

[0191] The following components may be connected to the I / O interface 1305: an input section 1306 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output section 1307 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc. and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 1308 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 1309 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card, a modem, etc. The communication section 1309 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 1310 is also connected to the I / O interface 1305 as required. A removable medium 1311, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 1310 as required so that the computer program read from it can be installed into the storage section 1308 as required.

[0192] In particular, according to an embodiment of the present application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, an embodiment of the present application includes a computer program product that includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program is used to execute the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from the network through the communication section 1309 and / or installed from the removable medium 1311. When the computer program is executed by the central processing unit (CPU) 1301, various functions defined in the system of the present application are executed.

[0193] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the embodiments of the present application can be a computer-readable signal medium, a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium can include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present application, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a computer program, and the computer program can be used by or combined with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present application, the computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, in which a computer-readable computer program is carried. Such a propagated data signal can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. The computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium other than the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer-readable medium can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or combined with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer program contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted by any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0194] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. Among them, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or part of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutively represented blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram or flowchart, as well as the combination of blocks in the block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or operations, or may be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and a computer program.

[0195] The units involved in the embodiments described in the present application can be implemented in software or in hardware, and the described units can also be provided in a processor. Among them, the names of these units do not constitute a limitation on the units themselves in some cases.

[0196] On the other hand, the present application also provides a computer-readable medium, which may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or may exist alone without being assembled into the electronic device. The above computer-readable medium carries one or more computer programs, and when the above one or more computer programs are executed by an electronic device, the electronic device implements the method described in the above embodiments.

[0197] It should be noted that although several modules or units of the devices for performing actions are mentioned in the above detailed description, such a division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of the present application, the features and functions of the two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0198] From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by a combination of software and necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to enable an electronic device to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0199] For example, the electronic device may be the target network element in the foregoing embodiments, and then the target network element may execute Figure 3 the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access shown; again, the electronic device may be an AF, and then the AF may execute Figure 4 the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access shown; further, the electronic device may be a PCF, and then the PCF may execute Figure 5 the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access shown; still further, the electronic device may be an SMF, and then the SMF may execute Figure 6 the QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access shown.

[0200] After considering the specification and practicing the disclosed embodiments herein, those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present application. The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present application, which follow the general principles of the present application and include well-known knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present application.

[0201] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present application is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for Quality of Service (QoS) handling based on non-3GPP access, characterized in that The QoS processing method is executed by a target network element connected by a service processing device through a non-3GPP access mode. The target network element is connected to a core network element. The QoS processing method includes: Receiving QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and a service server sent by the core network element; Performing QoS processing on the process of transmitting service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

2. The QoS processing method according to claim 1, wherein Performing QoS processing on the process of transmitting service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information includes: If it is detected according to the QoS configuration information that at least one of the following situations occurs during the transmission process of the service data packets, the corresponding service data packets are discarded: Congestion occurs during the transmission process of the service data packets, the transmission delay information of the service data packets cannot meet the delay requirement, the bit error rate of the service data packets cannot meet the bit error rate requirement, and the service data packets are determined to be useless redundant data packets.

3. The QoS processing method according to claim 2, wherein The QoS processing method further includes at least one of the following processes: Detecting the process of transmitting service data packets by the service processing device in a non-3GPP access network environment to determine whether congestion occurs in the transmission process of the service data packets; Determining the priority of the service data packets according to the field information included in the service data packets, so as to discard them in the order from low to high priority when it is necessary to discard the service data.

4. The QoS processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that Performing QoS processing on the process of transmitting service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information includes: Mapping the QoS-related information included in the QoS configuration information to the QoS mechanism of the non-3GPP access mode, and mapping the downlink service data packets sent by the service server to be carried by the non-3GPP access mode, so as to send the downlink service data packets to the service processing device.

5. The QoS processing method according to claim 4, wherein The non-3GPP access mode includes a Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) access mode; Mapping the QoS-related information included in the QoS configuration information to the QoS mechanism of the non-3GPP access mode includes at least one of the following methods: Mapping a QoS flow or a specified data flow in the QoS flow to the transmission opportunity (TXOP) corresponding to the Wi-Fi access mode; Mapping a QoS flow or a specified data flow in the QoS flow to the specified transmission resources of the TXOP corresponding to the Wi-Fi access mode.

6. The QoS processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that The QoS processing method further includes: Obtaining the delay information between the target network element and the service processing device; When monitoring the transmission delay of the service data packets between the service processing device and the service server, determining whether the transmission delay of the service data packets meets the delay requirement included in the QoS configuration information in combination with the delay information.

7. The QoS processing method according to claim 1, wherein The QoS processing method further includes: Obtaining the delay information between the target network element and the service processing device; Send the delay information to a specified core network element, so that the policy control function network element generates QoS policy information for processing the service data packet based on the delay information obtained from the specified core network element.

8. The QoS processing method according to claim 1, wherein The QoS processing method further includes: If congestion occurs in the service data packets between the service processing device and the service server, perform explicit congestion notification (ECN) marking on the service data packets.

9. The QoS processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein If the non-3GPP access mode is a trusted non-3GPP access mode, the target network element is a trusted non-3GPP access network element; If the non-3GPP access mode is an untrusted non-3GPP access mode, the target network element is a non-3GPP interworking function network element.

10. The QoS processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The service data packets between the service processing device and the service server are transmitted in the form of a data packet set; Among them, the QoS parameters in the QoS configuration information include at least one of the following parameters: protocol data unit (PDU) set delay budget, PDU set bit error rate, maximum data burst volume, data packet delay jitter.

11. A QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access, characterized in that, The QoS processing method is executed by an application function network element, and the QoS processing method includes: Generate QoS requirement information for service data packets, where the service data packets are the data packets transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access mode; Send the QoS requirement information to a core network element, so that the core network element generates QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information.

12. The QoS processing method according to claim 11, wherein Generating QoS requirement information for service data packets includes: Generating the QoS requirement information according to the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode; or Generating the same QoS requirement information for the non-3GPP access mode and the radio access network access mode.

13. A QoS processing method based on non-3GPP access, characterized in that, The QoS processing method is executed by a policy control function network element, and the QoS processing method includes: Obtain QoS requirement information for service data packets, where the service data packets are the data packets transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access mode; Generate QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information; Send the QoS policy information to a session management function network element, so that the session management function network element configures QoS processing-related information for the processing device of the service data packets according to the QoS policy information.

14. The QoS processing method according to claim 13, characterized in that, Generating QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information includes: Generating QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information and the access characteristics of the non-3GPP access mode; or Generating the same QoS policy information for the non-3GPP access mode and the radio access network access mode according to the QoS requirement information.

15. A QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access, characterized in that The QoS processing device is applied to a target network element connected by a non-3GPP access mode of a service processing device. The target network element is connected to a core network element. The QoS processing device includes: a receiving unit configured to receive QoS configuration information corresponding to the transmission of service data packets between the service processing device and a service server sent by the core network element; a processing unit configured to perform QoS processing on the process of transmitting service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

16. A QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access, characterized in that, The QoS processing device is applied to an application function network element. The QoS processing device includes: a generating unit configured to generate QoS requirement information for service data packets, where the service data packets are data packets transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access mode; a sending unit configured to send the QoS requirement information to the core network element so that the core network element generates QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information.

17. A QoS processing device based on non-3GPP access, characterized in that The QoS processing device is applied to a policy control function network element. The QoS processing device includes: an obtaining unit configured to obtain QoS requirement information for service data packets, where the service data packets are data packets transmitted between a service server and a service processing device accessed through a non-3GPP access mode; a generating unit configured to generate QoS policy information corresponding to the service data packets according to the QoS requirement information; a sending unit configured to send the QoS policy information to a session management function network element so that the session management function network element configures QoS processing-related information for a processing device of the service data packets according to the QoS policy information.

18. A computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the QoS processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

19. An electronic device, characterized in that, including: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more computer programs, and when the one or more computer programs are executed by the one or more processors, the electronic device implements the QoS processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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