Repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus for a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information. The apparatus, such as a receiving device (e.g., a UE), receives a first signaling indicating a reception configuration for reception of a reference signal; and receiving a second signaling indicating estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information comprising a propagation mode attributable to the repeater device. The receiving device receives the reference signal according to the reception configuration, and receives a third signaling indicating a measurement of the reference signal based at least in part on the estimated signal configuration information.

Description

[0001] Cross - Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 428,295, filed on November 28, 2022, entitled "Repeater Signal Pattern as Assisting Information", the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to wireless communication and, more particularly, to repeater signal patterns. Background Art

[0004] A wireless communication system may include one or more network communication devices (such as base stations), which may also be referred to as eNodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), or other suitable terms. Each network communication device (such as a base station) may support wireless communication for one or more user communication devices, which may also be referred to as user equipment (UE) or other suitable terms. The wireless communication system may support wireless communication with one or more user communication devices by utilizing the resources of the wireless communication system (such as time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, sub-frames, frames, etc.) or frequency resources (e.g., sub-carriers, carriers)). In addition, the wireless communication system may support wireless communication across various radio access technologies, including third-generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth-generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth-generation (5G) radio access technology, and other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth-generation (6G)).

[0005] A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) may be implemented as a repeater node and used to monitor environmental reflections and / or irradiate a target or area of interest for sensing. In addition, when there is not enough line-of-sight (LOS) link measurement between a UE and a capable radio access network (RAN) node, the RIS as a repeater node may be deployed to assist in UE positioning. However, the incident rays reflected and / or forwarded by the RIS as a repeater node may experience uncertainties and / or unequal propagation delays and angular spreads, resulting in inaccuracies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems that support a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information. By utilizing the described techniques, a UE or other type of receiving device can utilize aspects of the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information, such as for positioning. For example, a network entity transmits signaling that indicates various configurations associated with a receiving device (e.g., a UE) that receives a reference signal. The network entity can be any one or more of the following: a base station, a RIS, a RAN node, a Location Management Function (LMF), an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a sensing controller, a network management entity, or other types of network entities, or a UE configured for positioning and / or sensing operations in sidelink disconnected mode. For example, the network entity transmits and the receiving device receives a configuration for the device's reception of a reference signal. The network entity also transmits and the device receives estimated signal configuration information that includes a propagation delay pattern and / or an angular pattern attributable to a repeater device. The receiving device receives a reference signal according to the reception configuration, and based on the estimated signal configuration information, the network entity transmits and the device receives signaling that indicates a measurement of the reference signal. By utilizing aspects of the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information, the receiving device can also: refine high-precision positioning, monitor environmental signal reflections, and / or obtain coverage in areas where there may otherwise be no wireless communication coverage.

[0007] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, a device (such as a base station, a RIS, a RAN node, an LMF, an IAB node, a sensing controller, a network management entity, a UE configured for positioning and / or sensing, or any other type of network entity) transmits first signaling that indicates a reception configuration for a receiving device's reception of a reference signal. The device transmits second signaling to the receiving device that indicates estimated signal configuration information that includes a propagation pattern of a reference signal attributable to one or more repeater devices. The device transmits third signaling to the receiving device, based on the estimated signal configuration information, that indicates a measurement configuration of the reference signal received according to the reception configuration.

[0008] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: The propagation mode of the reference signal includes a delay mode, an angular mode, a time mode, a phase shift mode, and / or an amplification mode attributable to one or more repeater devices. The apparatus transmits a fourth signaling to a receiving device, the fourth signaling indicating a configuration for obtaining estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including: time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information, one or more of a data type or data type value associated with the propagation mode information, and / or a data format associated with the propagation mode information. The data type includes: a delay value (e.g., 30 nanoseconds), the delay value indicating a fixed delay and / or an average delay caused by reflection or amplification of the reference signal at one or more repeater devices; a range of delay values (e.g., 15-30 nanoseconds), the range of delay values being associated with reflection or amplification of the reference signal from one or more repeater devices; a delay spread or delay variance, the delay spread or the delay variance being associated with reflection or amplification of the reference signal from one or more repeater devices; a probability mass function, the probability mass function indicating a delay mode caused by one or more repeater devices; at least one of the following for the reference signal according to a coordinate system associated with one or more repeater devices: one or more angular values, a range of angular values, or a probability mass function over a plurality of angular values (e.g., an angular mismatch of -10 degrees, 10 degrees with uniform probability in the zenith direction, caused by reflection, angular rotation, or angular noise or mismatch at the repeater device); at least one of an energy value or an amplification value of the reference signal associated with a corresponding delay point and one or more angular values; and / or a joint mode of delay, angle, or energy associated with one or more repeater devices (e.g., for a propagation path having an induced 15 nanosecond delay due to repeater device operation, an angular shift of 10 degrees in the zenith direction). The data type includes reciprocity mismatch information of at least one repeater device among one or more repeater devices, the reciprocity mismatch information indicating: a time period during which the propagation mode remains valid (e.g., from an indicated point until 10 seconds); at least one of a receiving angle, an incident angle, or an angular region for which the propagation mode remains valid (e.g., for an incident wave with an azimuth angle of 0-60 degrees); and / or a difference between propagation modes between two time periods, between two receiving angular regions, or jointly for propagation modes for a time period and an angular region (e.g., a statistic of the repeater delay difference between two time segments and / or two receiving or incident angle regions, as an expected difference and a variance of the difference). The data type includes: the size of a repeater device among one or more repeater devices, position information indicating the position of the repeater device, information indicating the shape of the repeater device, and / or the orientation of the repeater device.The repeater device in one or more repeater devices is a RIS, and the data types include: the size of the RIS, the number of reflector elements of the RIS, and / or the arrangement information indicating the positioning of the reflector elements, where the arrangement information includes the element spacing of the reflector elements. The data types include: the channel phase shift pattern, the amplitude modification pattern, and / or multiple time patterns associated with the channel phase shift pattern or the amplitude modification pattern.

[0009] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: The receiving configuration for the reception of a reference signal includes: the location and / or velocity of the transmitter device; the transmission radiation pattern of the transmitter device; the waveform type and / or the waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal, where the reference signal is transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal; a resource set, where the reference signal is transmitted on the resource set according to the waveform type and / or the waveform definition parameter set; the transmission power, where the reference signal is transmitted according to the transmission power; and / or the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type, where the reference signal is generated based on the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type. The measurement configuration includes: time-of-arrival (ToA) estimation or time-of-flight (ToF) estimation; direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation and / or angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation; the estimated time difference of arrival (TDOA) for a signal path associated with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices and another indicated signal path; and / or the estimated relative angle of the signal path to the repeater device.

[0010] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: The apparatus sends signaling to one or more repeater devices, where the signaling indicates a signal generation configuration, and the signal generation configuration includes the following items associated with the delay, angle, and / or phase shift of the transmitted signal: delay pattern, angle pattern, time pattern, and / or phase shift pattern. Based on the phase shift of the transmitted signal, the amplitude modification pattern, and / or multiple time patterns associated with the phase shift pattern and amplitude pattern of one or more repeater devices, the measurement configuration includes: the determined LOS condition and / or non-line-of-sight (NLOS) condition of the propagation path; the association of the propagation path or channel state information (CSI) measurement with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices or with a path not associated with the repeater device; the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with the repeater device; and / or the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a path not associated with the repeater device.

[0011] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: estimating a signal configuration including a threshold of a received power value and / or a received power measurement. The measurement configuration includes: a CSI estimate of a propagation path associated with a repeater device among one or more repeater devices; a type of the CSI estimate of the propagation path; an indication of a detection object; a first estimate of a device location and / or a device speed; and / or a second estimate of an object location, an object speed, and / or an object size. The repeater device among one or more repeater devices is a network-controlled repeater, multiple network-controlled repeaters, a RIS, an IAB node, a sidelink repeater node (e.g., a repeater dedicated to a sidelink connection, or a UE operating as an SL repeater for a time-frequency resource set), and / or a reflector object. The apparatus transmits signaling indicating a reference signal transmission configuration to a receiving device, where the reference signal transmission configuration includes: a waveform type and / or a set of waveform definition parameters of a reference signal, the reference signal being transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the set of waveform definition parameters of the reference signal; a resource set, the reference signal being transmitted on the resource set according to the waveform type and / or the set of waveform definition parameters; a transmission beam pattern and / or a radiation pattern, the reference signal being transmitted through the transmission beam pattern and / or the radiation pattern; a transmission power, the reference signal being transmitted according to the transmission power; and / or a sequence generation and a physical resource mapping type, the reference signal being generated based on the sequence generation and the physical resource mapping type. The apparatus transmits signaling indicating a reporting configuration to the receiving device, the reporting configuration including: a time-frequency and beam resource set for a transmission for reporting, a criterion for the transmission for reporting, and / or a type of information included in the report.

[0012] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: the apparatus is one of a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a roadside unit (RSU), a UE, a location server, or a sensing controller device. The apparatus transmits signaling indicating a request for information about an induced propagation pattern from one or more repeater devices, the induced propagation pattern including a delay angle pattern, a delay pattern, an angle pattern, and / or a phase shift pattern. The apparatus receives signaling of information from one or more repeater devices, the information including an induced propagation pattern of one or more delay angle patterns, delay patterns, angle patterns, and / or phase shift patterns. The apparatus transmits signaling indicating a reception configuration to the receiving device, the reception configuration being used to obtain a propagation pattern of a reference signal of one or more repeater devices; transmits signaling indicating an operating state of one or more repeater devices to the receiving device; and transmits signaling indicating a signal measurement of a delay pattern and an angle pattern of one or more repeater devices to the receiving device. The apparatus receives signaling that is a report of a signal measurement of a delay pattern and an angle pattern of one or more repeater devices.

[0013] In some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein, a device (such as a UE or other type of receiving device) receives first signaling that indicates a reception configuration for receiving a reference signal; and receives second signaling that indicates estimated signal configuration information that includes propagation patterns attributable to one or more repeater devices. The device receives the reference signal according to the reception configuration; and receives third signaling that indicates a measurement configuration of the reference signal, based on the estimated signal configuration information.

[0014] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: The propagation mode of the reference signal includes the following attributable to one or more repeater devices: delay mode, angular mode, temporal mode, phase shift mode, and / or amplification mode. The apparatus receives a fourth signaling that indicates a configuration for obtaining estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including the following: time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information, one or more of a data type or data type value associated with the propagation mode information, and / or a data format associated with the propagation mode information. The data type includes: a delay value that indicates a fixed delay and / or an average delay caused by one of reflection or amplification of the reference signal at one or more repeater devices; a range of delay values associated with reflection or amplification of the reference signal from one or more repeater devices; a delay spread and / or a delay variance associated with reflection or amplification of the reference signal from one or more repeater devices; a probability mass function that indicates a delay mode caused by one or more repeater devices; at least one of the following for the reference signal according to a coordinate system associated with one or more repeater devices: one or more angular values, a range of angular values, or a probability mass function over multiple angular values; at least one of an energy value or an amplification value of the reference signal associated with a corresponding delay point and one or more angular values; and / or a joint mode of delay, angle, and energy associated with one or more repeater devices. The data type includes: reciprocity mismatch information for at least one repeater device among one or more repeater devices, the reciprocity mismatch information indicating a time period during which the propagation mode remains valid (e.g., from an indicated point until 10 seconds); at least one of a reception angle, an incident angle, or an angular region for which the propagation mode remains valid (e.g., for an incident wave with an azimuth angle of 0 - 60 degrees); and / or a difference between propagation modes between two time periods, between two reception angular regions, or jointly for a time period and an angular region (e.g., statistics of the repeater delay difference between two time segments and / or two reception or incident angle regions, as an expected difference and a variance of the difference). The data type includes: the size of a repeater device among one or more repeater devices, location information indicating the location of the repeater device, information indicating the shape of the repeater device, and / or the orientation of the repeater device. The repeater device among one or more repeater devices is a RIS, and the data type includes: the size of the RIS, the number of reflector elements of the RIS, and / or arrangement information indicating the positioning of the reflector elements, the arrangement information including the element spacing of the reflector elements. The data type includes: a channel phase shift mode, an amplitude modification mode, and / or multiple temporal modes associated with the channel phase shift mode and / or the amplitude modification mode.

[0015] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: A reception configuration for reception of reference signals includes: the location and / or velocity of a transmitter device; the transmission radiation pattern of the transmitter device; the waveform type and / or waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal, where the reference signal is transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal; a resource set on which the reference signal is transmitted according to the waveform type and / or waveform definition parameter set; the transmission power according to which the reference signal is transmitted; and / or the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type based on which the reference signal is generated. A measurement configuration includes: ToA estimation and / or ToF estimation, DoA estimation and / or AoA estimation, estimation of TDOA for a signal path associated with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices and another indicated signal path, and / or estimation of a relative angle of the signal path to the repeater device.

[0016] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: The apparatus receives signaling from one or more repeater devices, the signaling indicating a signal generation configuration that includes the following items associated with a delay, an angle, and / or a phase shift of a transmitted signal: a delay pattern, an angle pattern, a time pattern, and / or a phase shift pattern. Based on the phase shift of the transmitted signal, an amplitude modification pattern, and / or a plurality of time patterns associated with the phase shift pattern and amplitude pattern of one or more repeater devices, the measurement configuration includes: a determined LOS condition or NLOS condition of a propagation path, an association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices, or with a path not associated with the repeater device, an association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with the repeater device, and / or an association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a path not associated with the repeater device.

[0017] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: estimating a signal configuration including a threshold of a received power value and / or a received power measurement. A measurement configuration includes: a CSI estimate of a propagation path associated with a repeater device among one or more repeater devices; a type of the CSI estimate of the propagation path; an indication of a detection object; a first estimate of a device location and / or a device speed; and / or a second estimate of an object location, an object speed, and / or an object size. The repeater device is a network-controlled repeater, multiple network-controlled repeaters, a RIS, an IAB node, a sidelink repeater node (e.g., a repeater dedicated to a sidelink connection, or a UE operating as an SL repeater for a time-frequency resource set), and / or a reflector object. The apparatus receives signaling indicating a reference signal transmission configuration for a receiving device, the reference signal transmission configuration including: a waveform type and / or a set of waveform definition parameters of a reference signal, the reference signal being transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the set of waveform definition parameters of the reference signal; a resource set on which the reference signal is transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the set of waveform definition parameters; a transmission beam pattern and / or a radiation pattern through which the reference signal is transmitted; a transmission power according to which the reference signal is transmitted; and / or a sequence generation and physical resource mapping type based on which the reference signal is generated.

[0018] Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may also include: the apparatus receives signaling indicating a reporting configuration, the reporting configuration including: a time-frequency and beam resource set for a transmission for reporting, a criterion for the transmission for reporting, and / or a type of information included in the report. The apparatus receives signaling indicating a reception configuration for obtaining a propagation mode of a reference signal of one or more repeater devices; receives signaling indicating an operating state of one or more repeater devices; and receives signaling indicating signal measurements of a delay mode and an angle mode of one or more repeater devices. The apparatus transmits signaling reporting signal measurements of a delay mode and an angle mode of one or more repeater devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0020] Figure 2 An example of the RIS impact on ToF experienced at a receiver (e.g., a UE) is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, where rays reflected from different parts of the RIS are subject to different time delays, and the RIS impact is related to a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information.

[0021] Figure 3 Example 300 illustrates the impact of a RIS reflection strategy on ToF experienced at a receiver (e.g., UE) according to aspects of the present disclosure, which impact is related to a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information.

[0022] Figure 4 Examples are illustrated of various sensing scenarios for sensing reference signal (RS) transmission and sensing RS reception by a network and / or device according to aspects of the present disclosure, the various sensing scenarios being related to a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information.

[0023] Figure 5 An example of a gNB-RIS control air interface related to a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information is illustrated according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 6 and Figure 7 An example of a block diagram of a device supporting a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information is illustrated according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figures 8 - 13 A flowchart of a method supporting a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information is illustrated according to aspects of the present disclosure. Detailed Description

[0026] In aspects of the present disclosure, RIS evaluation scenarios are considered, such as RIS-assisted uplink throughput enhancement and cell coverage improvement. Signal information of propagation delay and / or angular spread caused by a RIS as a repeater node (also referred to as a repeater controller) can be utilized at a receiver device (e.g., UE). The present disclosure provides solutions to at least address: how channel delay and / or angular spread caused by a RIS as a repeater node can be obtained at a receiver device (e.g., UE, sensing Rx node, or target device for positioning), and how information of delay and / or angular spread caused by a RIS as a repeater node can be utilized to improve measurement results at the receiver.

[0027] A wireless communication system may include the use of RIS technology for sensing and / or high-precision positioning for various deployments and use cases. The RIS may be implemented as a repeater node and utilized to monitor environmental reflections and / or illuminate a target or area of interest for sensing. Additionally, when there are not sufficient LOS link measurements between a UE and a capable RAN node, the RIS, implemented as a repeater node, may be deployed to assist UE positioning. Further, it is well known that multipath and NLOS propagation are detrimental to positioning performance. The RIS elements may be implemented and have the ability to perform phase rotation on an incident wave towards a reflected wave, thereby controlling the directional properties of the reflected wave propagation. However, due to various factors, the incident rays reflected and / or forwarded by the RIS, acting as a repeater node, may experience uncertainties and / or unequal propagation delays and angular spreads. For example, the potentially large deployment size of the RIS may result in time-of-flight (TOF) ambiguity of the rays reflected from different elements and parts of the surface, which inherently affects the time-of-arrival (ToA) at the target UE. Other factors include: the dependence on the time delays generated on the RIS topology (e.g., size, shape, and / or surface orientation); the dependence on the reflection region of the RIS towards a specific direction based on the implementation of the RIS reflection strategy (e.g., the implementation of phase rotation); and the repeater delay due to RF and / or baseband processing.

[0028] In aspects of the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information described herein, a wireless communication system includes a RIS, also referred to as an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), or a large intelligent surface (LIS), and the surface has the potential to intelligently reconfigure the propagation environment by adjusting the phase and amplitude of the RIS elements of the RIS, thereby enhancing the capacity and coverage of the wireless network. The delay pattern and / or angular spread generated as a result of the transmitted signal passing through a repeater and / or reflector (e.g., a surface, RIS) is indicated to the receiver (e.g., UE), either explicitly as delay pattern information and / or angular pattern information of the wireless path associated with the repeater or reflector, and / or via additional information (e.g., the type and shape, size, and / or geometric information of the repeater and / or reflector entity). Thus, the receiver utilizes the obtained information about the delay pattern and / or received angular pattern to perform measurements on the received signal, such that the experienced path delay and / or angular spread is compensated (e.g., for ToF estimation and / or ToA estimation of the repeater path, and / or DoA estimation of the repeater path). Additionally, the experienced path delay and / or angular pattern is reflected in the measurement report (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP) and / or report of the associated delay and / or angular values for the delay and / or angular range caused by the repeater and / or reflector effect). Further, the path delay and / or angular pattern information is utilized to estimate the characteristics of the propagation path (e.g., the LOS condition between the receiver and the repeater and / or reflector, the relative position of the receiver to the repeater and / or reflector).

[0029] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communication system. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to device diagrams and flowcharts.

[0030] Figure 1FIG. illustrates an example of a wireless communication system 100 that supports a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 102, one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communication system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or a Long Term Evolution - Advanced (LTE - A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 5G network, such as a New Radio (NR) network. In other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technologies, including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi - Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20. The wireless communication system 100 may support radio access technologies other than 5G. Additionally, the wireless communication system 100 may support technologies such as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA).

[0031] One or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be, or may include, or may be referred to as: network nodes, base stations, network elements, radio access networks (RANs), base transceiver stations, access points, NodeBs, evolved NodeBs (eNBs), next - generation NodeBs (gNBs), or other suitable terms. The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless connection or a wired connection. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, send signaling) over the Uu interface.

[0032] The network entity 102 may provide a geographical coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 supports services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, etc.) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographical coverage area 112. For example, the network entity 102 and the UEs 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, etc.) according to one or more radio access technologies. In some implementations, the network entity 102 may be mobile, e.g., a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some embodiments, different geographical coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but different geographical coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0033] One or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout the geographical area of the wireless communication system 100. The UEs 104 may include, or may be referred to as: mobile devices, wireless devices, remote devices, remote units, handheld devices, or subscriber devices, or some other suitable term. In some implementations, among other examples, the UEs 104 may be referred to as units, stations, terminals, or clients. Additionally or alternatively, among other examples, the UEs 104 may be referred to as Internet of Things (IoT) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, or machine type communication (MTC) devices. In some implementations, the UEs 104 may be stationary in the wireless communication system 100. In some other implementations, the UEs 104 may be mobile in the wireless communication system 100.

[0034] One or more UEs 104 may be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. In Figure 1 some examples of the UEs 104 are illustrated. As Figure 1 shown, the UEs 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entity 102, other UEs 104, or network devices (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or another network device). Additionally or alternatively, the UEs 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104 that may act as relays in the wireless communication system 100.

[0035] UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over communication link 114. For example, UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular V2X deployments, communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over the PC5 interface.

[0036] Network entity 102 may support communication with core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or with both. For example, network entity 102 may interface with core network 106 via one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via S1, N2, N6, or another network interface). Network entities 102 may communicate with each other via backhaul links 116 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or another network interface). In some implementations, network entities 102 may communicate directly with each other (e.g., between network entities 102). In some other implementations, network entities 102 may communicate with or without each other indirectly (e.g., via core network 106). In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include sub-components, such as access network entities, which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs). An ANC may communicate with one or more UEs 104 via one or more other access network transport entities (which may be referred to as radio heads, intelligent radio heads, or transmission reception points (TRPs)).

[0037] In some implementations, network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, network entity 102 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a radio unit (RU), a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near-RTRIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.

[0038] RU may also be referred to as a radio head, intelligent radio head, remote radio head (RRH), remote radio unit (RRU), or transmission and reception point (TRP). In a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of network entity 102 may be co-located, or one or more components of network entity 102 may be located at distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0039] The functional split between the CU, DU, and RU can be flexible and can depend on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at the CU, DU, or RU to support different functions. For example, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between the CU and the DU such that the CU can support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper layer protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functions and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)). The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower layer protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer) functions and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU.

[0040] Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between the DU and the RU such that the DU can support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs). In some implementations, the functional split between the CU and the DU, or the functional split between the DU and the RU, may be within a protocol layer (e.g., for some functions of a protocol layer may be performed by one of the CU, DU, or RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, DU, or RU).

[0041] The CU can be further functionally split into a CU control plane (CU-CP) function and a CU user plane (CU-UP) function. The CU can be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and the DU can be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., Open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some implementations, the midhaul communication link or the fronthaul communication link can be implemented according to an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of the protocol stack supported by the corresponding network entity 102 that communicates via such a communication link.

[0042] The core network 106 can support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connection, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which can include: control plane entities that manage access and mobility (e.g., mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)), and user plane entities that route packets or interconnect to external networks (e.g., serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)). In some implementations, the control plane entities can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearer, signaling bearer, etc.) for one or more UEs 104 served by one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.

[0043] The core network 106 can communicate with the packet data network 108 via one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via S1, N2, N6, or another network interface). The packet data network 108 can include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 can communicate with the application server 118. The UE 104 can establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, etc.) with the core network 106 via the network entity 102. The core network 106 can use the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) to route traffic (e.g., control information, data, etc.) between the UE 104 and the application server 118. The PDU session can be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106).

[0044] In wireless communication system 100, network entity 102 and UE 104 may use the resources of wireless communication system 100, such as time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, subframes, frames, etc.) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communication). In some implementations, network entity 102 and UE 104 may support different resource structures. For example, network entity 102 and UE 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, network entity 102 and UE 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and other suitable radio access technologies, network entity 102 and UE 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures). Network entity 102 and UE 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.

[0045] One or more numerologies may be supported in wireless communication system 100, and the numerology may include subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix. The first numerology (e.g., μ = 0) may be associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and the normal cyclic prefix. The first numerology (e.g., μ = 0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one time slot per subframe. The second numerology (e.g., μ = 1) may be associated with the second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and the normal cyclic prefix. The third numerology (e.g., μ = 2) may be associated with the third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and the normal cyclic prefix or the extended cyclic prefix. The fourth numerology (e.g., μ = 3) may be associated with the fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and the normal cyclic prefix. The fifth numerology (e.g., μ = 4) may be associated with the fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and the normal cyclic prefix.

[0046] The time interval of resources (e.g., communication resources) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames). Each frame may have a duration, e.g., a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, e.g., a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.

[0047] Additionally or alternatively, the time intervals of resources (e.g., communication resources) may be organized according to time slots. For example, a subframe may include a certain number (e.g., quantity) of time slots. Each time slot may include a certain number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols). In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of time slots for a subframe may depend on the digital technology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a time slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable to a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing), a time slot may include 12 symbols. For a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix, the relationship between the number of symbols per time slot, the number of time slots per subframe, and the number of time slots per frame may depend on the digital technology. It should be understood that the reference to a first digital technology (e.g., μ = 0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and time slots.

[0048] In wireless communication system 100, the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split into various categories, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. based on frequency or wavelength. By way of example, wireless communication system 100 may support one or more operating frequency bands, such as frequency range name FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz - 24.25 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz - 114.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz). In some implementations, network entity 102 and UE 104 may perform wireless communication on one or more operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by network entity 102 and UE 104, as well as other equipment or devices, for cellular communication services (e.g., control information, data). In some implementations, FR2 may be used by network entity 102 and UE 104, as well as other equipment or devices, for short-range, high data rate capabilities.

[0049] FR1 may be associated with one or more digital technologies (e.g., at least three digital technologies). For example, FR1 may be associated with the following: a first digital technology (e.g., μ = 0) that includes a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second digital technology (e.g., μ = 1) that includes a 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third digital technology (e.g., μ = 2) that includes a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or more digital technologies (e.g., at least 2 digital technologies). For example, FR2 may be associated with the following: a third digital technology (e.g., μ = 2) that includes a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth digital technology (e.g., μ = 3) that includes a 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.

[0050] According to implementations, one or more of network entity 102, UE 104, and repeater device 120 (e.g., RIS, surface, and / or any other type of reflection or signal forwarding device) are operable to implement aspects of a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information, as described herein. For example, network entity 102 (e.g., a base station) transmits signaling (e.g., communication signaling) that indicates various configurations 122 associated with a receiving device (e.g., UE 104) that receives reference signal 124. In an implementation, network entity 102 transmits a first signaling and UE 104 receives the first signaling, the first signaling indicating a receiving configuration for the reception of a reference signal. Network entity 102 also transmits a second signaling and UE 104 receives the second signaling, the second signaling indicating estimated signal configuration information that includes the following items attributable to one or more repeater devices: propagation delay pattern, angular pattern, temporal pattern, phase shift pattern, and / or amplification pattern. UE 104 receives reference signal 124 according to the receiving configuration, and based on the estimated signal configuration information, network entity 102 transmits a third signaling and UE 104 receives the third signaling, the third signaling indicating a measurement configuration for the reference signal.

[0051] Figure 2 Illustrated is an example 200 of the RIS impact on ToF experienced at a receiver (e.g., UE 104) where rays reflected from different parts of RIS 202 are subject to different time delays, the RIS impact being related to a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information. As generally shown at 204, UE 104 receives transmitted signal 206 reflected from RIS 202 (or a repeater controller) and performs ToF estimation and / or ToA estimation for positioning. As generally shown at 208, UE 104 receives sensed signal 210 transmitted, reflected from object 212, and then reflected from RIS 208 (or a repeater controller). After a second reflection by the RIS, the object reflection is received at the receiver (e.g., UE 104). In both cases, the reflected rays (e.g., reflected signals) depend on the reflection points and / or reflection regions from the RIS and are subject to different ToFs. Additionally, the ray delay spread is affected by the size and / or dimensions of the RIS.

[0052] Figure 3Example 300 illustrates the impact of the RIS reflection strategy on ToF experienced at a receiver (e.g., UE 104) according to aspects of the present disclosure, which impact is related to the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information. The reflected signal 304 from the subset 306 of RIS elements of the RIS 308, as generally shown at 302, and the reflected signal 312 from a different subset 314 of RIS elements of the RIS 308 (as generally shown at 310) are in-phase in the direction of the receiver (e.g., UE 104). Depending on the positions of the RIS element 306 and the RIS element 314, the receiver is subject to different ToFs of the reflected signals (also referred to as reflected rays).

[0053] In aspects of the present disclosure, RIS evaluation scenarios are included, among other things, considering RIS-aided uplink throughput enhancement and cell coverage improvement. Examples of the resulting delay spread for the proposed evaluation scenarios are summarized in Table 1, where Δ_ToF indicates the ToF ambiguity due to the RIS size in terms of the baseband sampling duration. The maximum ToF mismatch is calculated in the case of a distance ambiguity of twice the RIS diameter.

[0054] Table 1: Evaluation of RIS parameters for example scenarios, including uplink enhancement and cell coverage extension, and the resulting ToF ambiguity caused by the RIS.

[0055]

[0056] Thus, information on the propagation delay and / or angular spread caused by the RIS as a repeater node (also referred to as a repeater controller) can be utilized at the receiver (e.g., UE). The present disclosure provides solutions to at least address: how the channel delay and / or angular spread caused by the RIS as a repeater node can be obtained at the receiver (e.g., UE, sensing Rx node, or target device for positioning), and how the information on the delay and / or angular spread caused by the RIS as a repeater node can be utilized to improve the measurement results at the receiver.

[0057] Regarding the radio sensing scenario, radio sensing is considered as both a mechanism for improving network performance and an enabler for serving vertical use cases in cellular wireless networks. In particular, radio sensing obtains environmental information from various sources, such as from the transmission of a sensing excitation signal (e.g., a sensing RS from a network or UE entity, also referred to as a sensing Tx node); from the reception of the reflection and / or echo of the transmitted sensing excitation signal from the environment through a network or UE entity (e.g., also referred to as a sensing Rx node); and from the processing of the received reflections from the environment and the inferred relevant information.

[0058] Figure 4 Example 400 illustrates various sensing scenarios for sensing RS transmission and sensing RS reception by a network and / or device in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The various sensing scenarios are related to a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information. Scenarios for network-based and UE (sidelink (SL)-based) radio sensing operations and solutions contemplate radio sensing where the network configures: participating sensing entities (i.e., network and UE nodes acting as sensing Tx nodes, network and UE nodes acting as sensing Rx nodes), as well as the configuration of sensing RS, necessary measurements, and a reporting process from the nodes. In this regard, the functional split between the network and UE nodes for a particular sensing task can take various forms, depending on the availability of devices with sensing capabilities and the requirements of a particular sensing operation.

[0059] As shown at 402, a first scenario 404 includes: sensing transmission (Tx) as a network node 406 (e.g., gNB), and sensing reception (Rx) as a separate network node 408 (e.g., gNB). In this example, the sensing RS (or another RS for sensing, or a data / control channel known to a network transmission and reception point (TRP) node) is transmitted and received by a network entity. When necessary, the participation of UE nodes is limited to interference management aspects, and in this scenario, the network does not utilize UEs for sensing assistance.

[0060] A second scenario 410 includes: sensing Tx as a network node 406 (e.g., gNB), and sensing Rx as the same network node 406. In this example, the sensing RS (or another RS for sensing, or a data / control channel known to a network TRP node) is transmitted and received by the same network entity. When necessary, the participation of UE nodes is limited to interference management aspects, and in this scenario, the network does not utilize UEs for sensing assistance.

[0061] A third scenario 412 includes: sensing Tx as a network node 406 (e.g., gNB), and sensing Rx as a UE node 414. In this example, the sensing RS or other RS for sensing is transmitted by a network entity and received by one or more UE nodes (e.g., UE 414). The network configures the UE to act as a sensing Rx node based on the UE node capabilities for sensing and the desired sensing task.

[0062] As shown in 416, the fourth scenario 418 includes: sensing Tx as UE 420, and sensing Rx as network node 422 (e.g., gNB). In this example, the sensing RS or other RS for sensing (or the data / control channel sent by UE 420) is received by one or more network entities and sent by the UE node. The network configures the UE to act as a sensing Tx node according to the UE node capabilities for sensing and the nature of the desired sensing task.

[0063] The fifth scenario 424 includes: sensing Tx as UE node 420, and sensing Rx as a separate UE node 426. In this example, the sensing RS or other RS for sensing is received by one or more UE nodes and sent by the UE node. In this case, the network or the UE node can be implemented to determine the configuration of the sensing scenario. In one instance, the network configures the UE to act as a sensing Tx node and / or a sensing Rx node according to the UE node capabilities for sensing and the nature of the desired sensing task.

[0064] The sixth scenario 428 includes: sensing Tx as UE node 420, and sensing Rx as the same UE node 420. In this example, the sensing RS (or another RS for sensing, or the data / control channel known to the UE) is sent by the UE node and received by the same UE node. In this case, the UE or the network configures the sensing scenario according to the UE node capabilities for sensing and the nature of the desired sensing task.

[0065] The above scenarios are not intended to be limited to a specific UE type and can include any UE category and / or function (e.g., UE RSU). In any of the above scenarios, any role depicted for the gNB and / or UE can be replaced by an intelligent repeater node, an IAB node, or an RSU replacement (as an example of a radio sensing scenario, with equivalent validity).

[0066] Figure 5Example 500 of a gNB-RIS control air interface related to a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In this example 500, network node 102 (e.g., gNB) communicates with RIS controller 502 of RIS 504, and UE 104 receives signal 506 transmitted by network node 102 and reflected from RIS 504. Regarding RIS, also known as IRS or LIS, the surface has the potential to intelligently reconfigure the propagation environment by adjusting the phase and amplitude of RIS elements, thereby enhancing the capacity and coverage of wireless networks. The surface technology for 5G+ / 6G wireless communication networks is cost-effective because RIS technology does not require DAC / DAC (digital-to-analog converter) or power amplifiers and thus meets the requirements of green communication. RIS consists of a large number of low-cost, passive elements that can change the radio waves impinging on the elements and can be easily coated on existing infrastructure. In addition, RIS can potentially have a significant impact on the design of future wireless systems, especially when integrated with other emerging and advanced technologies such as terahertz communication, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML)-based systems, etc., and can be used for different applications such as communication, sensing, positioning, etc. To control the phase and amplitude of RIS elements, an interface to the network is utilized to adjust the reflection characteristics of the RIS based on channel conditions and transmission requirements.

[0067] In aspects of the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information described herein, the delay pattern and / or angular spread generated as a result of a transmitted signal passing through a repeater and / or reflector are indicated to a receiver (e.g., UE), explicitly as delay pattern information and / or angular pattern information of the wireless path associated with the repeater or reflector, and / or via additional information (e.g., type and shape, size, and / or geometric information of the repeater and / or reflector entity). Thus, the receiver utilizes the acquired information about the delay pattern and / or received angular pattern to perform measurements on the received signal such that the experienced path delay and / or angular spread are compensated (e.g., for ToF estimation and / or ToA estimation of the repeater path, and / or DoA estimation of the repeater path). In addition, the experienced path delay and / or angular pattern are reflected in the measurement report (e.g., RSRP and / or report of associated delay and / or angular values for the delay and / or angular range caused by the repeater and / or reflector effect). Further, the path delay and / or angular pattern information is utilized to estimate the characteristics of the propagation path (e.g., LOS condition between the receiver and the repeater and / or reflector, relative position of the receiver to the repeater and / or reflector).

[0068] In aspects of the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information as described herein, receiver measurements with reflection and / or forwarding delay pattern assistance can be exploited. In an implementation, the UE is configured by the network to have: a first configuration for receiving RS, a second configuration for obtaining information on a propagation delay pattern and / or angular pattern induced via a repeater entity (e.g., RIS, network-controlled repeater (NCR), or a similar entity that reflects and / or amplifies), and a third configuration for measuring the received RS at the UE. Thus, the UE receives the transmitted RS according to the first configuration, for which at least a portion of the energy of the transmitted RS is affected by the repeater entity. Then, the UE obtains information on the propagation delay and / or angular pattern of the transmitted RS caused by the repeater entity according to the received second configuration, and subsequently performs measurements on the received RS according to the received third configuration based on the obtained information on the propagation delay and / or angular pattern.

[0069] In an implementation, the repeater entity is a RIS, NCR, IAB node, or any object within the environment with a known geometry and / or reflection characteristics. Thus, due to the following, a propagation delay effect is introduced into the transmitted RS: reflection of the RS from the RIS; reception and transmission or forwarding of the RS by a network controller repeater device; reception and transmission of the RS by an IAB device; reflection of the RS from a known surface or object, and / or any combination thereof.

[0070] In an implementation with reference to the RS configuration, the first configuration includes any one or any combination of several various configuration information, such as: a waveform type or a set of waveform definition parameters according to which the RS is transmitted; and a resource set on which the RS is transmitted according to the indicated waveform (e.g., the following items on which the RS is transmitted: time-frequency resources for a cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) waveform, time offset and / or frequency offset relative to a reference time and / or frequency point, the associated period of the RS, an indication of whether the RS will be repeated (such as defining a repetition set), comb size, number of symbols, Tx beam or radiation pattern (e.g., beam direction, beam angle, beam width)). Additional configuration information includes the transmission power according to which the RS is transmitted; the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type based on which the RS signal is generated; the location of the transmitter node, and / or any combination thereof.

[0071] In an implementation, the second configuration for obtaining the propagation delay pattern includes: an indication of the type of delay information, a set of time-frequency resources for receiving the information, and an encoding and / or quantization strategy for the delay information. In an implementation, based on the indicated modulation and coding scheme (MCS), the UE is instructed to receive delay information from the gNB or another RAN node via the indicated resource elements (REs) of the NR time slots and / or frames, where the information includes: a quantized version of the fixed delay introduced via the NCR, and a delay range, according to which the rays affected by the NCR experience different propagation values.

[0072] In some implementations, the information on the delay pattern and / or angular pattern caused by a repeater entity may include any one or any combination of several items, including: a delay value, which is the (fixed or average) delay caused by reflection or amplification at the repeater entity (e.g., the processing delay at an RF repeater); a delay range associated with reflection or amplification from the repeater entity (e.g., a delay range of 1 nanosecond - 3 nanoseconds caused by reflection from an RIS); a delay spread and / or delay variance associated with reflection or amplification from the repeater entity (e.g., a delay of 1 nanosecond (rms) caused by reflection from an RIS); a probability mass function or a quantized and / or compressed version of the probability mass function, which describes the delay caused by the repeater entity; one or more angular values according to a global coordinate system or a local coordinate system (e.g., direction of arrival (DoA) and / or angle of arrival (AoA) values at the receiver); the following items that describe the angular offset or angular pattern caused by the repeater entity according to the global coordinate system or a known local coordinate system of the receiver: angular variance, expected angular value, angular range, probability mass function or a quantized and / or compressed version of the probability mass function.

[0073] Information on the delay pattern and / or angular pattern caused by the repeater entity may also include any one or any combination of the following items: the reflection strategy and / or reflection characteristics of the RIS (e.g., element phase shift pattern, mapping of incident and reflection angles, and / or associated angular energy), and / or the temporal pattern to which the reflection characteristics apply (e.g., which symbols); the amplification strategy and / or amplification characteristics of the NCR, and / or the temporal pattern to which the amplification characteristics apply (e.g., which symbols); energy or power values and / or energy or power distributions associated with different delay points and / or different angles (e.g., a single estimate based on the collective effect of the delay-angular pattern (such as by taking a weighted average), or multiple estimates corresponding to individual observations); the area size and / or dimensions of the (multiple) antenna array and / or element array of the repeater entity (e.g., RIS size, dimensions of the RIS, and dimensions of known reflecting objects); the channel phase and / or amplitude flip pattern or amplitude modification pattern over time implemented for one or more RISs, a group of RIS elements, a repeater channel, repeater amplification, or any combination thereof, such as by modifying the phase shifts experienced by multiple RISs and / or multiple repeater entities (each according to a specific temporal pattern and phase shift pattern), and the channel of each RIS and / or repeater entity can be separated from other repeater entities and / or other reflection paths from the transmitter to the receiver; the location information of the repeater entity (e.g., 2D or 3D location of the RIS, latitude and / or longitude, or any other geodesic coordinates, geographical area information (such as cell ID, sector ID), mobility information (such as rate and / or speed (in the case of a mobile RIS)), confidence interval of the location information and / or uncertainty information, etc.); the orientation of the repeater entity (e.g., the orientation of the RIS, in terms of the relative direction in a local coordinate system (LCS) and / or global coordinate system (GCS) with respect to other network entities (such as gNB, UE, etc.), in which the reflecting elements are placed); the element spacing and / or the number of reflector elements at the RIS, and / or the arrangement of the reflector elements at the RIS; and / or the impairment status at the RIS or repeater node (e.g., additive noise level, additive noise correlation in time and / or space (between different elements / antennas), phase or phase rotation noise, and / or an index representing a specific impairment class).

[0074] In an implementation, a network entity transmits signaling indicating a configuration for obtaining estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including: time-frequency resources for receiving latency mode information and angular mode information. The estimated signal configuration information further includes: data types associated with the latency mode information and the angular mode information (e.g., a vector of latency values or latency ranges, a vector of power values, angular values or angular ranges of azimuth and / or elevation angles with respect to a time reference and a global coordinate system or a local coordinate system). The estimated signal configuration information further includes: data formats associated with the latency mode information and the angular mode information (e.g., quantization step size and number of step sizes for a compression type of the information). The data types include: the size of a repeater device (e.g., RIS size, dimensions of the RIS, size of a known reflecting object); location information indicating the location of the repeater device (e.g., 2D / 3D location of the RIS, latitude and / or longitude or any other geodesic coordinates, geographical area information (such as cell ID, sector ID), mobility information (such as rate and / or speed (in the case of a mobile RIS)), confidence interval or uncertainty information of the location information, etc.); and / or the orientation of the repeater device (e.g., the orientation of the RIS, the reflecting elements are placed according to this orientation, in a relative direction with respect to other network entities (such as gNB, UE, etc.) in terms of LCS and / or GCS). The repeater device is a RIS, and the data types include: the size of the RIS, the number of reflector elements of the RIS, and / or arrangement information indicating the positioning of the reflector elements, the arrangement information including the element spacing of the reflector elements (e.g., the location of the reflecting elements, and the location of the element rows and / or element columns).

[0075] In some implementations, one or more of the above information elements are obtained via measurements at a first receiver node (e.g., based on CSI measurements of the first receiver channel in the absence of the repeater entity and CSI measurements of the first receiver channel in the presence of the repeater entity), and are reported to the network and / or a second receiver node. In some implementations, one or more of the above information elements are indicated via an index from a codebook, where the codebook includes different conditions of the latency-angular mode generated by the repeater entity. In an implementation, the reflection points of the RS transmission at the RIS are calculated based on: the location of the RS transmitter, the direction of the Tx beam, the location of the RIS and the orientation of the RIS surface, the element arrangement at the RIS, and the reflection or phase rotation strategy, or any combination thereof. Then, the obtained reflection locations are used to calculate the expected latency and / or angle of the propagation path.

[0076] In an implementation, the measurement configuration includes: CSI estimation of the propagation path associated with the repeater entity (e.g., the UE uses the delay information as additional information to perform CSI measurement, or the UE uses the delay information for the purpose of demodulating the downlink (DL) data and control channels received via the repeater entity). The delay mode can be used for CSI estimation of a single path (e.g., to compensate for frequency selectivity caused by delay spread, and / or to intelligently configure the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) or use DMRS for demodulation). The measurement configuration may also include: ToA estimation and / or ToF estimation (e.g., the UE estimates ToF and / or ToA, considering the delay spread generated by the repeater entity), which is performed by estimating the ToF as the average delay, mean, or expected delay normalized to the RSRP at the corresponding delay or medium delay. The measurement configuration may also include: ToF estimation and / or ToA estimation of multiple paths (e.g., the UE estimates and obtains the ToF or ToA associated with all or multiple received rays or paths from the repeater entity, where each path can be characterized by amplitude, delay, etc.).

[0077] In another implementation, the UE may be configured to estimate N configured paths out of a total of M received paths. The path ToF measurement is not limited to only one delay tap. The measurement configuration may also include: TDOA estimation at the path associated with the repeater entity and another indicated path (e.g., performing measurements corresponding to one or more estimates of the difference between a pair of ToAs at the LOS path from another UE or gNB or RAN node and the path associated with the repeater entity). The ToA estimation and / or ToF estimation may be a single estimate based on the collective influence of the delay angle pattern (e.g., by taking a weighted average), or may be multiple estimates corresponding to individual observations. Similarly, the DoA estimation and / or AoA estimation may be a single estimate based on the collective influence of the delay angle pattern (e.g., by taking a weighted average), or may be multiple estimates corresponding to individual observations. The measurement configuration may also include: RS reception time estimation (which can also be used for round-trip time (RTT)) (e.g., the UE estimates the reception time of the transmitted RS according to the indicated criteria). In an implementation, the criteria for the estimation of the RS reception are the time of RS reception corresponding to the first received RS (the path from the repeater entity with the minimum delay), the last received RS, or the average time of the received RS (i.e., the average of the estimated times for all received RSs). Additionally, the reception time may be defined relative to the start, end, or indicated reference point (middle) within the defined RS.

[0078] The measurement configuration may further include: LOS determination and / or NLOS determination (e.g., the UE determines the LOS condition of the path from the repeater entity towards the UE and the path from the gNB or base station towards the repeater entity by comparing the measured RS delay and / or angular pattern with the expected delay information of the repeater entity). This may further correspond to the LOS / NLOS determination of one or more paths generated from different elements within the RIS array. If the LOS is interrupted, the expected delay pattern will also disappear. Therefore, a healthy delay pattern can be used as a verification of the LOS condition between the RIS and the UE. The measurement configuration may further include: estimation of the relative angle to the repeater entity (e.g., for DoA estimation and / or AoA estimation), and based on the measured RS delay received from the repeater entity, the UE estimates the angular information from the repeater entity (e.g., additional angular analysis, prior angular knowledge), etc. Depending on the UE angle, the delay spread or delay pattern experienced from the repeater will be different and can thus be used as additional information for angle estimation. The measurement configuration may further include: an indication for classifying or identifying the propagation path between the transmitter and the receiver, the indication being associated with the direct path or LOS path, the non-repeater NLOS path, and one or more repeater paths.

[0079] In an implementation, the network configures each of the following with a configuration for path signature: one or more RISs, one or more groups of RIS elements, one or more NCRs, one or more IAB nodes, or a combination thereof, the configuration including a delay pattern and / or an angular pattern, and the receiver performs one or more measurements based on the delay pattern and / or the angular pattern according to a second configuration. In some embodiments, the modification includes modifying the amplification and reflection phases and the amplification amplitude according to a time pattern. In some embodiments, as part of the second configuration, the time pattern (e.g., the symbol corresponding to each phase modification and / or amplitude modification) and the channel phase modification are indicated to the receiver. The network may send a signal generation configuration to a receiving device (e.g., a repeater device) as part of the indication of the propagation mode to the receiving device. In an implementation, the signal generation configuration may include a delay pattern, an angular pattern, a time pattern, and / or a phase shift pattern associated with at least one of the delay, angle, or phase shift of the transmitted signal. In some implementations, a first phase time pattern (e.g., including the mapping of the incident angle to the reflection angle of the RIS) is indicated to the RIS associated with the first reflection configuration, while the second time pattern is associated with a phase rotation pattern (e.g., as a unified phase shift of all RIS elements (or a subset of RIS elements) at each time instance). In an implementation, the RIS is configured to reflect the angular incidence A to the reflection angle B within the first subframe, and at the same time, the RIS is configured to rotate the phases of all elements in the NR frame in a pattern of 45 degrees * symbol number, where the phase rotation of all elements is changed according to the pattern indicated above in each symbol.

[0080] In the implementation of reference report configuration, the UE is configured via the report configuration to generate a report based on the performed measurements and according to the received report configuration, and send the report to the network. In some implementations, the report configuration includes time resources and frequency resources for the transmission of the measurement report, which is based on measurements that are obtained at least in part based on the following: received delay information of the repeater entity, report information (e.g., one or more estimated ToA and / or ToF), and reporting criteria (e.g., report the obtained measurements if an LOS condition or an NLOS condition is determined between the UE and the repeater entity).

[0081] In an implementation, the network obtains information about the characteristics of the repeater entity, such as a part of the capability information received by the network from the repeater entity. Based on the obtained characteristics, the network determines a first configuration, a second configuration, and / or a third configuration for the UE, and transmits the determined configuration. In an implementation, the network (e.g., gNB or LMF server) obtains a capability element associated with the RIS, including: the number, size, and type of reflection elements, the topological arrangement of reflector elements, the RIS size and RIS orientation, and the reflection strategy of the RIS (e.g., a subgroup of elements associated with a specific corner reflection), or a combination thereof. According to the obtained information about the repeater entity, the network determines an expected delay pattern for the UE associated with the reflection from the RIS, or indicates a subset of the obtained RIS information to the UE, and the UE determines an expected delay pattern associated with the RIS reflection based on the subset.

[0082] In the implementation of reference signaling, any of the RS, configuration or indication, and / or report within the above implementation (or a subset, combination) is received by the (multiple) UE nodes, sent by the (multiple) UE nodes, received by the repeater entity, sent by the repeater entity, sent and / or received by the RAN node (e.g., gNB), or any combination thereof, via: the uplink (UL) physical data and / or control channel, the downlink (DL) physical data and / or control channel, or the sidelink (SL) physical data and / or control channel defined within the communication network, e.g., the NR physical broadcast channel (PBCH), the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), the physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), the physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and the physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

[0083] In an implementation, any one or more of the configurations and / or indications, or a part of the information element, is / are transmitted via RRC or higher layer signaling (such as the LTE positioning protocol (LPP)). In some implementations, one or more configurations and / or indications, or a part of the information element, are transmitted between the network and the UE via node-specific downlink control information (DCI), group common DCI, or broadcast or multicast messages. In some implementations, different configurations, indications, and / or different information elements within one configuration are transmitted via different signaling means. In some implementations, one or more configurations and / or indications, or a part of the information element, are transmitted via non-access stratum (NAS) signaling exchange between a core network entity or function and the UE (e.g., a receiver), a repeater entity, a gNB or a RAN node, or a combination thereof.

[0084] In aspects of the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information described herein, UE positioning with delay information assistance and / or angle information assistance can be utilized. In an implementation, the location of the UE is obtained at least in part based on measurements of positioning reference signals (PRSs) (or other RSs) received in the DL and / or measurements of sounding reference signals (SRSs) (or other RSs) received in the UL, where the measurements are at least in part based on delay pattern information and / or angular pattern information of a path associated with the repeater entity.

[0085] In the implementation of positioning at the reference UE, the UE position is estimated or calculated at the UE, also known as UE-based positioning. At the UE, DL PRS (or other RS in DL or SL) measurements are utilized, and are assisted by a delay pattern associated with a repeater entity as additional information. In some implementations, ToA and / or ToF are estimated at the UE using the additional information (e.g., as the minimum of the ToA value and / or ToF value) as the ToA value and / or ToF value associated with the strongest received RS, as the average of the ToA value and / or ToF value, the weighted average of the ToF value and / or ToA value, the mean of the ToF value and / or ToA value, or any indicated function of the ToA value and / or ToF value associated with the repeater entity path (e.g., an indicated AI model or ML model used to calculate ToF and / or ToA based on the received measurements, and the delay pattern and / or angle pattern associated with the repeater entity). Then, the obtained ToA and / or ToF are used as inputs for triangulation at the UE. In an alternative implementation, DL-TDOA is estimated at the UE associated with the LOS path from one or more transmitter nodes (e.g., gNBs transmitting PRS or other RS) and the reflected path from the repeater entity, based on the indicated delay information corresponding to the PRS transmissions from each TRP and / or gNB. In the implementation, TDOA is estimated based on the difference between the ToA estimate at the LOS path and the ToA estimate from the repeater entity (as the average of the measured ToA from the repeater entity).

[0086] In the implementation, the UE position is estimated at the LMF (also known as UE-assisted positioning) based on UE measurements, gNB measurements, UE reports of RAN node measurements, gNB reports, RAN node reports, etc. performed, where the measurements are at least partially based on information about the delay pattern associated with the repeater entity. In some implementations, the UE report, gNB report, RAN node report includes: one or more measurements listed above, an estimate of the angle of the UE relative to the repeater entity, LOS determination and / or NLOS determination of the UE, gNB, RAN node with respect to the repeater entity, ToA estimate and / or ToF estimate of the received RS from the path associated with the repeater entity, multiple ToA estimates and / or ToF estimates of multiple rays associated with the repeater entity, TDOA estimate at the path associated with the repeater entity and another indicated path, or any combination thereof, etc. In the implementation, the LMF obtains information about the capabilities and / or characteristics of the repeater entity, and the LMF determines the first configuration, second configuration, third configuration for the UE node and / or performs the position estimation of the UE at least partially based on this information.

[0087] In an implementation, the UE estimates the reception time of a first RS transmitted by a second UE, gNB, or RAN node, at least in part based on the received information of the delay pattern associated with the repeater entity. In an implementation, based on the estimated reception time of the first RS, the UE performs the transmission of a second RS according to the received configuration. The configuration for the transmission of the second RS includes an indication of a delay period between the UE's estimated reception time of the first RS and the transmission time of the second RS. The transmission of the first RS by another UE, gNB, or RAN node, the UE's estimation of the RS reception time, and the transmission of the second RS can be performed as part of the RTT estimation between the UE and the second UE, gNB, RAN node. Regarding RTT positioning, additional implementations can be added by changing the order of RTTs, or the number of RTT iterations.

[0088] In aspects of the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information described herein, object detection and positioning with delay information can be utilized. In an implementation, the radio sensing controller entity configures a sensing Rx node with: a first configuration regarding the transmission of a sensing RS signal by a sensing Tx node, which will be received and processed by the sensing Rx node; a second configuration for obtaining information on the propagation delay pattern and / or angular pattern induced to the RS via the repeater entity; a third configuration for performing expected receiver signal processing and / or measurements on the received sensing RS based on information such as the delay pattern associated with the repeater entity; and / or a fourth configuration for transmitting a report from the performed sensing processing according to the received first, second, and third configurations. Then, the sensing Rx node can perform the reception of the sensing RS, obtain information on the delay of the path associated with the repeater entity, perform corresponding radio sensing measurements and processing according to the received first, second, and third configurations, and subsequently generate and send a report according to the received fourth configuration.

[0089] In an implementation, a radio sensing controller entity (e.g., a core network corresponding to an LMF for sensing, or a part of the RAN) can be part of a third - party application on a UE device, a RAN node (e.g., a gNB, a smart repeater, an IAB node, a UE, or a gNB - RSU), or operate as part of such a third - party application, or the radio sensing controller entity can operate as part of a core network entity (e.g., a radio sensing management function). In an implementation, a set of sensing Rx nodes associated with a radio sensing scenario can include UE devices, gNB nodes, UE and / or gNB - RSU nodes, smart repeaters, IAB nodes, or any combination thereof. Further, the sensing controller entity obtains information about the capabilities and / or characteristics of the repeater entity, and the sensing control entity determines at least in part, based on this information, a first configuration, a second configuration, a third configuration, and a fourth configuration (or any combination of such configurations) for the sensing Rx nodes and / or performs processing of and obtains sensing information based on the acquired reports and the acquired information about the capabilities and / or characteristics of the repeater entity.

[0090] In an implementation, the configuration of sensing measurements and signal processing includes: determining LOS conditions and / or NLOS conditions, object blockage conditions, and / or object presence and detection between a sensing Tx node and a repeater entity, between the repeater entity and a sensing Rx node, or a combination thereof, where the determination of the object, blockage, LOS conditions, and / or NLOS conditions is at least in part based on the acquired information about the delay pattern associated with the repeater entity. In an implementation, the blockage condition is detected based on the received RS power and the acquired delay pattern associated with the repeater path, where the observation of the expected delay pattern indicates the presence of LOS and the absence of a blockage condition. In another implementation, the RIS is configured to reflect a specific incident angle region towards the sensing Rx node, where the sensing Tx node radiates RS towards this region.

[0091] The presence of an object within the region of interest is detected via a hypothesis test at the sensing Rx node measurement of the RSRP with a relevant delay margin of the region of interest for sensing. In other implementations, the object can be detected using a set of AI and / or ML tools or algorithms that utilize the sensing Rx node measurements. The relevant delay margin of the region of interest for sensing is determined at the sensing Rx node based on information such as the delay pattern associated with the repeater entity, etc. When an object is detected to be present within the region of interest for sensing, the shape and / or size of the object is estimated at the sensing Rx node or at the sensing controller entity via the received report from the sensing Rx node by compensating for the effect of the additional delay caused by the repeater entity on the rays reflected from the object.

[0092] In aspects of the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information as described herein, communication enhancements with delay information assistance and angle information assistance can be utilized. In an implementation, the information obtained regarding the delay pattern at the repeater entity: is used by the UE for receiving physical channels (in DL, SL); is used by the UE for transmitting physical channels (in UL, SL); is used by the gNB or RAN node for transmitting DL physical channels or for transmission between RAN nodes (e.g., wireless backhaul transmission); and / or is used by the gNB or RAN node for receiving UL physical channels or for receiving from another RAN node (e.g., wireless backhaul reception), where the physical channel communication is established under the influence of the repeater entity (e.g., via a reflected path from the RIS, or a path including an RF repeater or an IAB node).

[0093] In an implementation, the receiver node performs CSI measurements based on the received RS, and the information obtained regarding the delay pattern at the repeater entity, etc. In an implementation, the RSRP is measured and / or reported as the collective power of the RS reception from the delay margin associated with the repeater link. In an implementation, the use of the delay information can include CSI estimation assistance at the UE, equalization and / or demodulation at the UE, and / or the network or gNB selects the demodulation density based on this information.

[0094] In an implementation, the knowledge of the delay pattern at the repeater entity can be used to equalize the experienced channel (e.g., via a RAKE receiver (radio receiver)) and / or obtain a demodulation strategy based on the received DMRS and the information regarding the delay pattern. Additionally, the network and / or RAN node can configure physical channel parameters (e.g., DMRS type and DMRS density, etc.) based on the knowledge of the delay pattern and / or angle pattern at the repeater entity. The delay pattern can also provide information about damaged RIS elements, which can in turn be reported to the network node for maintenance purposes.

[0095] In aspects of the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information as described herein, measurement-based delay and angle distribution profile acquisition can be utilized. In an implementation, information regarding the delay pattern of a repeater entity can be obtained based on measurements by a UE, gNB, and / or RAN node for at least two RS reception instances such that, at least on one of the RS measurements, the influence of the signal path from the repeater entity is absent. In an implementation, the gNB instructs the UE to perform RS measurements based on the transmitted RS (e.g., PRS or sensing RS), and within the first instance of the RS transmission, the RIS does not reflect the transmitted SS towards the UE (based on the reflection strategy configured for the RIS at a specific resource associated with the first RS instance). This can be considered the off state of the repeater entity, such that the UE can estimate the CSI and / or DL-PRS associated with the received RS (e.g., delay profile, power delay profile, angular power delay profile, etc.) without the influence of the repeater entity. In the second instance, the repeater entity (e.g., RIS) is configured to reflect the second RS instance transmitted by the gNB towards the UE, enabling the UE to perform CSI and / or DL-PRS measurements that include the influence of the repeater entity. Then, the CSI (e.g., the delay pattern associated with the (multiple) repeater paths) is estimated at least in part based on the difference in the estimated CSI at different instances. The location estimate can be computed based on, for example, the delay pattern associated with one or more repeater path positioning measurements based on DL-PRS measurements.

[0096] In an implementation, the obtained delay pattern, UE location, and / or relative UE location to the repeater entity are reported to the network, gNB, LMF, sensing controller entity, or any combination thereof. In an implementation, the obtained delay pattern is reported to another (second) UE according to the received configuration, where the delay pattern is further utilized at the second UE for measurements outlined in any of the implementations described above.

[0097] As the repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information detailed throughout this disclosure, the indication of the repeater-induced pattern can include the indication of the following items as auxiliary information for the measurements of the receiver: path propagation delay, angular modification, phase shift modification, and / or amplitude modification, the time pattern associated with one or more of the above, or any combination of the above. The repeater device can include, but is not limited to: NCR, RIS, reflector object, IAB node, and / or any other type of repeater device. Additionally, this disclosure details determining an equalization strategy and / or a demodulation strategy based on information of the repeater-induced delay pattern and / or angular pattern in the physical data and / or control channel in DL, UL, and / or SL.

[0098] In addition, the present disclosure details the configuration of the measurement and reporting of one or more of the following: CSI, RSRP, RSRP path, ToA, ToF, TdoA, AoA, associated with the propagation path of the repeater entity, and LOS or NLOS conditions at the receiver associated with the repeater link, in the context of radio sensing operations, target device (receiver node) positioning, or a combination thereof. This includes, but is not limited to: calculating ToF and / or ToA as the average or weighted average of the received path ToF and / or ToA based on information about the repeater path delay pattern; calculating the angle of arrival as the average or weighted average of the received path angles based on information about the repeater angle pattern; and path classification and / or path identification based on information about the time pattern, delay pattern, angle pattern, and / or phase shift pattern of the repeater entity.

[0099] Figure 6 An example of a block diagram 600 of a device 602 that supports a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. Device 602 may be an example of a network entity 102, such as a base station, RIS, RAN node, LMF, IAB node, and / or other types of network entities described herein. Device 602 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. Device 602 may include components for two-way communication, which include components for sending and receiving communications (such as a processor 604, a memory 606, a transceiver 608, and an I / O controller 610). These components may communicate electronically or otherwise be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., a bus).

[0100] Processor 604, memory 606, transceiver 608, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the present disclosure described herein. For example, processor 604, memory 606, transceiver 608, or various combinations or components thereof may support methods for performing one or more of the operations described herein.

[0101] In some implementations, processor 604, memory 606, transceiver 608, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, configured to or otherwise supporting components for performing the functions described in this disclosure. In some implementations, processor 604 and memory 606 coupled to processor 604 may be configured to perform one or more functions described herein (e.g., processor 604 executes instructions stored in memory 606).

[0102] For example, in accordance with the examples disclosed herein, processor 604 may support wireless communication at device 602. Processor 604 may be configured to or otherwise support components for: transmitting first signaling that indicates a reception configuration for receiving a device's reception of a reference signal; transmitting second signaling that indicates estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation pattern of a reference signal attributable to one or more repeater devices; and transmitting third signaling, at least in part based on the estimated signal configuration information, that indicates a measurement configuration of a reference signal received according to the reception configuration.

[0103] In addition, the processor 604 may be configured to or otherwise support any one or any combination of the following: the propagation mode of the reference signal includes at least one of a delay mode, an angular mode, a time mode, a phase shift mode, or an amplification mode attributable to one or more repeater devices. The method further includes transmitting fourth signaling that indicates a configuration for obtaining estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including at least one of the following: time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information; one or more of a data type or a data type value associated with the propagation mode information; or a data format associated with the propagation mode information. The data type includes one or more of the following: a delay value that indicates a fixed delay or an average delay caused by one of reflection or amplification of a reference signal at one or more repeater devices; a range of delay values associated with reflection or amplification of a reference signal from one or more repeater devices; one of a delay spread or a delay variance associated with reflection or amplification of a reference signal from one or more repeater devices; a probability mass function that indicates a delay mode caused by one or more repeater devices; at least one of the following for a reference signal according to a coordinate system associated with one or more repeater devices: one or more angle values, a range of angle values, or a probability mass function over a plurality of angle values; at least one of an energy value or an amplification value of a reference signal associated with a corresponding delay point and one or more angle values; or a joint mode of delay, angle, and energy associated with one or more repeater devices. The data type includes reciprocity mismatch information for at least one repeater device of one or more repeater devices, the reciprocity mismatch information indicating one or more of the following: a time period during which the propagation mode remains valid; at least one of a reception angle, an incident angle, or an angular region for which the propagation mode remains valid; or a difference between propagation modes between two time periods, between propagation modes between two reception angular regions, or jointly for a time period and an angular region. The data type includes one or more of the following: the size of a repeater device of one or more repeater devices, location information indicating the position of the repeater device, information indicating the shape of the repeater device, or the orientation of the repeater device. The repeater device of one or more repeater devices is a RIS, and the data type includes one or more of the following: the size of the RIS, the number of reflector elements of the RIS, or arrangement information indicating the positioning of the reflector elements, the arrangement information including an element spacing of the reflector elements. The data type includes one or more of the following: a channel phase shift mode, an amplitude modification mode, or a plurality of time modes associated with at least one of the channel phase shift mode or the amplitude modification mode.The receiving configuration for receiving reference signals includes one or more of the following: at least one of the position or speed of the transmitter device; the transmission radiation pattern of the transmitter device; at least one of the waveform type of the reference signal or the waveform definition parameter set, according to which the reference signal is transmitted; the resource set on which the reference signal is transmitted according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter set; the transmission power according to which the reference signal is transmitted; or the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type based on which the reference signal is generated. The measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of ToA estimation or ToF estimation; at least one of DoA estimation or AoA estimation; the estimated TDOA for the signal path associated with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices and another indicated signal path; or the estimated relative angle of the signal path to the repeater device. The method further includes: sending a fourth signaling to one or more repeater devices, the fourth signaling indicating a signal generation configuration, the signal generation configuration including at least one of a delay pattern, an angular pattern, a time pattern, or a phase shift pattern associated with at least one of the delay, angle, or phase shift of the transmitted signal. At least partially based on the phase shift of the transmitted signal, the amplitude modification pattern, or multiple time patterns associated with the phase shift pattern and the amplitude pattern of one or more repeater devices, the measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of the determined LOS condition or NLOS condition of the propagation path; the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices or with a path not associated with a repeater device; the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with the repeater device; or the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a path not associated with a repeater device. The estimated signal configuration includes one or more of a threshold of the received power value or the received power measurement. The measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: the CSI estimation of the propagation path associated with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices; the type of the CSI estimation of the propagation path; the indication of the detection object; the first estimation of at least one of the device position or device speed; or the second estimation of at least one of the object position, object speed, or object size. A repeater device in one or more repeater devices is at least one of the following: a network-controlled repeater, multiple network-controlled repeaters, a RIS, an IAB node, a sidelink relay node, or a reflector object.The method further includes: sending a fourth signaling to a receiving device, the reference signal transmission configuration including one or more of the following: at least one of a waveform type of a reference signal or waveform definition parameter sets, the reference signal being transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the waveform definition parameter sets of the reference signal; a resource set, the reference signal being transmitted on the resource set according to at least one of a waveform type or waveform definition parameter sets; at least one of a transmit beam pattern or a radiation pattern, the reference signal being transmitted through at least one of the transmit beam pattern or the radiation pattern; a transmit power, the reference signal being transmitted according to the transmit power; or a sequence generation and physical resource mapping type, the reference signal being generated based on the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type. The method further includes: sending a fourth signaling that indicates a reporting configuration, the reporting configuration including at least one of the following: a time-frequency and beam resource set for a transmission for reporting, a criterion for a transmission for reporting, or a type of information included in a report. The method further includes: sending a fourth signaling that indicates a request for information on an induced propagation pattern from one or more repeater devices, the induced propagation pattern including one or more of a delay angle pattern, a delay pattern, an angle pattern, or a phase shift pattern. The method further includes: receiving a fifth signaling of information from one or more repeater devices, the information including an induced propagation pattern of one or more delay angle patterns, delay patterns, angle patterns, or phase shift patterns. The method further includes: sending a fourth signaling that indicates a receiving configuration for obtaining a propagation pattern of a reference signal of one or more repeater devices; sending a fifth signaling that indicates an operating state of one or more repeater devices; and sending a sixth signaling that indicates a signal measurement of a delay pattern and an angle pattern of one or more repeater devices. The method further includes: receiving a seventh signaling as a report of a signal measurement of a delay pattern and an angle pattern of one or more repeater devices.

[0104] Additionally or alternatively, according to the examples disclosed herein, device 602 may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to cause the apparatus: to send a first signaling that indicates a receiving configuration for receiving a device's reception of a reference signal; to send a second signaling to a receiving device, the second signaling indicating estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation pattern of a reference signal attributable to one or more repeater devices; and to send a third signaling to the receiving device at least partially based on the estimated signal configuration information, the third signaling indicating a measurement configuration of the reference signal received according to the receiving configuration.

[0105] In addition, the wireless communication at device 602 may include any one or any combination of the following: The propagation mode of the reference signal includes at least one of a delay mode, an angular mode, a temporal mode, a phase shift mode, or an amplification mode attributable to one or more repeater devices. The processor is configured to cause the device to send a fourth signaling to a receiving device, the fourth signaling indicating a configuration for obtaining estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including at least one of the following: time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information; one or more of a data type or data type values associated with the propagation mode information; or a data format associated with the propagation mode information. The data type includes one or more of the following: a delay value indicating a fixed delay or an average delay caused by one of reflection or amplification of the reference signal at one or more repeater devices; a range of delay values associated with reflection or amplification of the reference signal from one or more repeater devices; one of a delay spread or a delay variance associated with reflection or amplification of the reference signal from one or more repeater devices; a probability mass function indicating a delay mode caused by one or more repeater devices; one or more angular values of the reference signal according to a coordinate system associated with one or more repeater devices; at least one of an energy value or an amplification value of the reference signal associated with a corresponding delay point and one or more angular values; or a joint mode of delay, angle, and energy associated with one or more repeater devices. The data type includes reciprocity mismatch information of at least one repeater device among one or more repeater devices, the reciprocity mismatch information indicating one or more of the following: a time period during which the propagation mode remains valid; at least one of a receiving angle, an incident angle, or an angular region for which the propagation mode remains valid; or a difference between propagation modes between two time periods, between propagation modes between two receiving angular regions, or jointly for propagation modes of a time period and an angular region. The data type includes one or more of the following: the size of a repeater device among one or more repeater devices, location information indicating the position of the repeater device, information indicating the shape of the repeater device, or the orientation of the repeater device. The repeater device among the repeater devices is a RIS, and the data type includes one or more of the following: the size of the RIS, the number of reflector elements of the RIS, or arrangement information indicating the positioning of the reflector elements, the arrangement information including an element spacing of the reflector elements. The data type includes one or more of the following: a channel phase shift mode, an amplitude modification mode, or a plurality of temporal modes associated with at least one of the channel phase shift mode or the amplitude modification mode.The receiving configuration for receiving a reference signal includes one or more of the following: at least one of the position or speed of a transmitter device; the transmission radiation pattern of the transmitter device; at least one of the waveform type of the reference signal or the waveform definition parameter set, according to which the reference signal is transmitted; a resource set on which the reference signal is transmitted according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter set; the transmission power according to which the reference signal is transmitted; or the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type based on which the reference signal is generated. The measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of ToA estimation or ToF estimation; at least one of DoA estimation or AoA estimation; the estimated TDOA for a signal path associated with a repeater device among one or more repeater devices and another indicated signal path; or the estimated relative angle of a signal path to a repeater device. The processor is configured to cause the device to: send a fourth signaling to one or more repeater devices, the fourth signaling indicating a signal generation configuration that includes at least one of a delay pattern, an angular pattern, a time pattern, or a phase shift pattern associated with at least one of the delay, angle, or phase shift of the transmitted signal. At least partially based on the phase shift of the transmitted signal, the amplitude modification pattern, or a plurality of time patterns associated with the phase shift pattern and the amplitude pattern of one or more repeater devices, the measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of the determined LOS condition or NLOS condition of the propagation path; the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a repeater device among one or more repeater devices or with a path not associated with a repeater device; the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a repeater device; or the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a path not associated with a repeater device. The estimated signal configuration includes one or more of a threshold of the received power value or a received power measurement. The measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: the CSI estimation of a propagation path associated with a repeater device among one or more repeater devices; the type of CSI estimation of the propagation path; an indication of a detection object; a first estimation of at least one of the device position or device speed; or a second estimation of at least one of the object position, object speed, or object size. A repeater device among one or more repeater devices is at least one of the following: a network-controlled repeater, a plurality of network-controlled repeaters, a RIS, an IAB node, a sidelink relay node, or a reflector object.The processor is configured to cause the device to: send a fourth signaling to a receiving device indicating a reference signal transmission configuration, the reference signal transmission configuration including one or more of the following: at least one of a waveform type of a reference signal or a waveform definition parameter set, the reference signal being transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal; a resource set, the reference signal being transmitted on the resource set according to at least one of a waveform type or a waveform definition parameter set; at least one of a transmission beam pattern or a radiation pattern, the reference signal being transmitted through at least one of the transmission beam pattern or the radiation pattern; a transmission power, the reference signal being transmitted according to the transmission power; or a sequence generation and physical resource mapping type, the reference signal being generated based on the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type. The processor is configured to cause the device to: send a fourth signaling to a receiving device, the fourth signaling indicating a reporting configuration, the reporting configuration including at least one of the following: a time-frequency and beam resource set for a transmission for reporting, a criterion for a transmission for reporting, or a type of information included in a report. The device is one of a gNB, an RSU, a UE, a location server, or a sensing controller device. The processor is configured to cause the device to: send a fourth signaling indicating a request for information on an induced propagation mode from one or more repeater devices, the induced propagation mode including one or more of a delay angle mode, a delay mode, an angle mode, or a phase shift mode. The processor is configured to cause the device to: receive a fifth signaling of information from one or more repeater devices, the information including an induced propagation mode of one or more delay angle modes, delay modes, angle modes, or phase shift modes. The processor is configured to cause the device to: send a fourth signaling to a receiving device indicating a reception configuration for obtaining a propagation mode of a reference signal of one or more repeater devices; send a fifth signaling to a receiving device, the fifth signaling indicating an operating state of one or more repeater devices; and send a sixth signaling to a receiving device, the sixth signaling indicating a signal measurement of a delay mode and an angle mode of one or more repeater devices. The processor is configured to cause the device to: receive a seventh signaling as a report of a signal measurement of a delay mode and an angle mode of one or more repeater devices.

[0106] Processor 604 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, processor 604 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 604. Processor 604 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 606) to cause device 602 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0107] Memory 606 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 606 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code that includes instructions that, when executed by processor 604, cause device 602 to perform the various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by processor 604, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some implementations, memory 606 may include, among other things, a basic input / output system (BIOS) that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interactions with peripheral components or devices.

[0108] I / O controller 610 may manage input signals and output signals for device 602. I / O controller 610 may also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device M02. In some implementations, I / O controller 610 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some implementations, I / O controller 610 may utilize an operating system, such as MS or another known operating system. In some implementations, I / O controller 610 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as processor 604. In some implementations, a user may interact with device 602 via I / O controller 610 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 610.

[0109] In some implementations, device 602 may include a single antenna 612. However, in some other implementations, device 602 may have more than one antenna 612 (i.e., multiple antennas), including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 608 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 612, a wired link, or a wireless link, as described herein. For example, transceiver 608 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 608 may also include a modem that is configured to: modulate packets, provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 612 for transmission, and demodulate packets received from one or more antennas 612.

[0110] Figure 7FIG. 700 is an example of a block diagram of a device 702 that supports a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 702 may be an example of a UE 104 (e.g., a receiving device) as described herein. The device 702 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 702 may include components for two-way communication, which may include components for sending communication and receiving communication (such as a processor 704, a memory 706, a transceiver 708, and an I / O controller 710). These components may communicate electronically or otherwise be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., a bus).

[0111] The processor 704, the memory 706, the transceiver 708, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 704, the memory 706, the transceiver 708, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.

[0112] In some implementations, the processor 704, the memory 706, the transceiver 708, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, which is configured to or otherwise supports components for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 704 and the memory 706 coupled to the processor 704 may be configured to perform one or more functions described herein (e.g., the processor 704 executes instructions stored in the memory 706).

[0113] For example, in accordance with an example disclosed herein, the processor 704 may support wireless communication at the device 702. The processor 704 may be configured to or otherwise support components for: receiving a first signaling that indicates a reception configuration for receiving a reference signal; receiving a second signaling that indicates estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation pattern attributable to one or more repeater devices; receiving a reference signal according to the reception configuration; and receiving a third signaling that indicates a measurement configuration of the reference signal, at least in part based on the estimated signal configuration information.

[0114] In addition, the processor 704 may be configured to or otherwise support any one or any combination of the following: The propagation mode of the reference signal includes at least one of a delay mode, an angular mode, a time mode, a phase shift mode, or an amplification mode attributable to one or more repeater devices. The method further includes receiving fourth signaling that indicates a configuration for obtaining estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including at least one of the following: time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information; one or more of a data type or a data type value associated with the propagation mode information; or a data format associated with the propagation mode information. The data type includes one or more of the following: a delay value that indicates a fixed delay or an average delay caused by one of reflection or amplification of a reference signal at one or more repeater devices; a range of delay values associated with reflection or amplification of a reference signal from one or more repeater devices; one of a delay spread or a delay variance associated with reflection or amplification of a reference signal from one or more repeater devices; a probability mass function that indicates a delay mode caused by one or more repeater devices; at least one of the following for a reference signal according to a coordinate system associated with one or more repeater devices: one or more angle values, a range of angle values, or a probability mass function over multiple angle values; at least one of an energy value or an amplification value of a reference signal associated with a corresponding delay point and one or more angle values; or a joint mode of delay, angle, and energy associated with one or more repeater devices. The data type includes reciprocity mismatch information for at least one repeater device among one or more repeater devices, the reciprocity mismatch information indicating one or more of the following: a time period during which the propagation mode remains valid; at least one of a reception angle, an incident angle, or an angular region for which the propagation mode remains valid; or a difference between propagation modes between two time periods, between propagation modes between two reception angular regions, or jointly for a time period and an angular region. The data type includes one or more of the following: the size of a repeater device among one or more repeater devices, location information indicating the location of the repeater device, information indicating the shape of the repeater device, or the orientation of the repeater device. The repeater device among one or more repeater devices is a RIS, and the data type includes one or more of the following: the size of the RIS, the number of reflector elements of the RIS, or arrangement information indicating the positioning of the reflector elements, the arrangement information including the element spacing of the reflector elements. The data type includes one or more of the following: a channel phase shift mode, an amplitude modification mode, or a plurality of time modes associated with at least one of the channel phase shift mode or the amplitude modification mode.The reception configuration for receiving a reference signal includes one or more of the following: at least one of the position or velocity of a transmitter device; the transmission radiation pattern of the transmitter device; at least one of the waveform type of the reference signal or the waveform definition parameter set, according to which the reference signal is transmitted; a resource set on which the reference signal is transmitted according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter set; the transmission power according to which the reference signal is transmitted; or the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type based on which the reference signal is generated. The measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of ToA estimation or ToF estimation; at least one of DoA estimation or AoA estimation; the estimated TDOA for a signal path associated with a repeater device among one or more repeater devices and another indicated signal path; or the estimated relative angle of a signal path to a repeater device. The method further includes: receiving, from one or more repeater devices, a fourth signaling indicating a signal generation configuration, the signal generation configuration including at least one of a delay pattern, an angular pattern, a time pattern, or a phase shift pattern associated with at least one of the delay, angle, or phase shift of a transmitted signal. At least partially based on the phase shift of the transmitted signal, the amplitude modification pattern, or a plurality of time patterns associated with the phase shift pattern and the amplitude pattern of one or more repeater devices, the measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of the determined LOS condition or NLOS condition of a propagation path; the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a repeater device among one or more repeater devices or with a path not associated with a repeater device; the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a repeater device; or the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a path not associated with a repeater device. The estimated signal configuration includes one or more of a threshold of a received power value or a received power measurement. The measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: the CSI estimation of a propagation path associated with a repeater device among one or more repeater devices; the type of the CSI estimation of the propagation path; an indication of a detection object; a first estimation of at least one of a device position or a device velocity; or a second estimation of at least one of an object position, an object velocity, or an object size. The repeater device is at least one of a network-controlled repeater, a plurality of network-controlled repeaters, a RIS, an IAB node, a sidelink relay node, or a reflector object.The method further includes receiving a fourth signaling that indicates a reference signal transmission configuration for a receiving device, where the reference signal transmission configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of a waveform type of a reference signal or waveform definition parameters, and the reference signal is transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the waveform definition parameters of the reference signal; a resource set, and the reference signal is transmitted on the resource set according to at least one of a waveform type or waveform definition parameters; at least one of a transmission beam pattern or a radiation pattern, and the reference signal is transmitted through at least one of the transmission beam pattern or the radiation pattern; a transmission power, and the reference signal is transmitted according to the transmission power; or a sequence generation and physical resource mapping type, and the reference signal is generated based on the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type. The method further includes receiving a fourth signaling that indicates a reporting configuration, where the reporting configuration includes at least one of the following: a time-frequency and beam resource set for a transmission for reporting, a criterion for a transmission for reporting, or a type of information included in a report. The method further includes: receiving a fourth signaling that indicates a receiving configuration for obtaining a propagation mode of a reference signal of one or more repeater devices; receiving a fifth signaling that indicates an operating state of one or more repeater devices; and receiving a sixth signaling that indicates signal measurements of a delay mode and an angle mode of one or more repeater devices. The method further includes transmitting a seventh signaling as a report of signal measurements of a delay mode and an angle mode of one or more repeater devices.

[0115] Additionally or alternatively, according to an example disclosed herein, the device 702 may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to cause the apparatus: receive a first signaling that indicates a receiving configuration for a reference signal; receive a second signaling that indicates estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation mode attributable to one or more repeater devices; receive a reference signal according to the receiving configuration; and receive a third signaling that indicates a measurement configuration of the reference signal, at least in part based on the estimated signal configuration information.

[0116] In addition, the wireless communication at device 702 may include any one or any combination of the following: The propagation mode of the reference signal includes at least one of a delay mode, an angular mode, a temporal mode, a phase shift mode, or an amplification mode attributable to one or more repeater devices. The processor is configured to cause the device to receive a fourth signaling that indicates a configuration for obtaining estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including at least one of the following: time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information; one or more of a data type or data type value associated with the propagation mode information; or a data format associated with the propagation mode information. The data type includes one or more of the following: a delay value that indicates a fixed delay or an average delay caused by one of reflection or amplification of a reference signal at one or more repeater devices; a range of delay values associated with reflection or amplification of a reference signal from one or more repeater devices; one of a delay spread or a delay variance associated with reflection or amplification of a reference signal from one or more repeater devices; a probability mass function that indicates a delay mode caused by one or more repeater devices; at least one of the following for a reference signal according to a coordinate system associated with one or more repeater devices: one or more angular values, a range of angular values, or a probability mass function over a plurality of angular values; at least one of an energy value or an amplification value of a reference signal associated with a corresponding delay point and one or more angular values; or a joint mode of delay, angle, and energy associated with one or more repeater devices. The data type includes reciprocity mismatch information for at least one of one or more repeater devices, the reciprocity mismatch information indicating one or more of the following: a time period for which the propagation mode remains valid; at least one of a reception angle, an incident angle, or an angular region for which the propagation mode remains valid; or a difference between propagation modes between two time periods, between propagation modes between two reception angular regions, or jointly for propagation modes for a time period and an angular region. The data type includes one or more of the following: the size of a repeater device among one or more repeater devices, location information indicating the position of the repeater device, information indicating the shape of the repeater device, or the orientation of the repeater device. The repeater device among one or more repeater devices is a RIS, and the data type includes one or more of the following: the size of the RIS, the number of reflector elements of the RIS, or arrangement information indicating the positioning of the reflector elements, the arrangement information including an element spacing of the reflector elements. The data type includes one or more of the following: a channel phase shift mode, an amplitude modification mode, or a plurality of temporal modes associated with at least one of the channel phase shift mode or the amplitude modification mode.The receiving configuration for receiving a reference signal includes one or more of the following: at least one of the position or velocity of the transmitter device; the transmission radiation pattern of the transmitter device; at least one of the waveform type or waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal, according to which the reference signal is transmitted; a resource set on which the reference signal is transmitted according to at least one of the waveform type or waveform definition parameter set; the transmission power according to which the reference signal is transmitted; or the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type based on which the reference signal is generated. The measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of ToA estimation or ToF estimation; at least one of DoA estimation or AoA estimation; the estimated TDOA for a signal path associated with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices and another indicated signal path; or the estimated relative angle of a signal path to a repeater device. The processor is configured to cause the device to: receive a fourth signaling from one or more repeater devices, the fourth signaling indicating a signal generation configuration that includes at least one of a delay pattern, an angular pattern, a temporal pattern, or a phase shift pattern associated with at least one of the delay, angle, or phase shift of the transmitted signal. At least partially based on the phase shift of the transmitted signal, the amplitude modification pattern, or multiple temporal patterns associated with the phase shift pattern and amplitude pattern of one or more repeater devices, the measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of the determined LOS condition or NLOS condition of the propagation path; the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices or with a path not associated with a repeater device; the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a repeater device; or the association of the propagation path or CSI measurement with a path not associated with a repeater device. The estimation signal configuration includes one or more of a threshold of the received power value or a received power measurement. The measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: the CSI estimation of a propagation path associated with a repeater device in one or more repeater devices; the type of CSI estimation of the propagation path; an indication of a detection object; a first estimation of at least one of the device position or device velocity; or a second estimation of at least one of the object position, object velocity, or object size. The repeater device is at least one of a network-controlled repeater, multiple network-controlled repeaters, a RIS, an IAB node, a sidelink relay node, or a reflector object.The processor is configured to cause the device to receive a fourth signaling that indicates a reference signal transmission configuration for a receiving device, the reference signal transmission configuration including one or more of the following: at least one of a waveform type of a reference signal or waveform definition parameters, the reference signal being transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the waveform definition parameters of the reference signal; a resource set, the reference signal being transmitted on the resource set according to at least one of a waveform type or waveform definition parameters; at least one of a transmission beam pattern or a radiation pattern, the reference signal being transmitted through at least one of the transmission beam pattern or the radiation pattern; a transmission power, the reference signal being transmitted according to the transmission power; or a sequence generation and physical resource mapping type, the reference signal being generated based on the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type. The processor is configured to cause the device to receive a fourth signaling that indicates a reporting configuration, the reporting configuration including at least one of the following: a time-frequency and beam resource set for a transmission for reporting, a criterion for a transmission for reporting, or a type of information included in a report. The processor is configured to cause the device to: receive a fourth signaling that indicates a receiving configuration for obtaining a propagation mode of a reference signal of one or more repeater devices; receive a fifth signaling that indicates an operating state of one or more repeater devices; and receive a sixth signaling that indicates signal measurements of a delay mode and an angle mode of one or more repeater devices. The processor is configured to cause the device to send a seventh signaling as a report of signal measurements of a delay mode and an angle mode of one or more repeater devices.

[0117] According to an example disclosed herein, a processor 704 of a device 702 (such as UE 104) may support wireless communication. The processor 704 includes at least one controller that is coupled to at least one memory and is configured or operable to cause the processor to: receive a first signaling that indicates a receiving configuration for a reference signal; receive a second signaling that indicates estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation mode attributable to one or more repeater devices; receive a reference signal according to the receiving configuration; and receive a third signaling that indicates a measurement configuration of the reference signal, at least in part based on the estimated signal configuration information.

[0118] The processor 704 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 704 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 704. The processor 704 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 706) to cause the device 702 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0119] The memory 706 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 706 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code that includes instructions that, when executed by the processor 704, cause the device 702 to perform the various functions described herein. The code may be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable medium (such as system memory or another type of memory). In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 704, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 706 may include, among other things, a basic input / output system (BIOS) that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interactions with peripheral components or devices.

[0120] The I / O controller 710 may manage input and output signals for the device 702. The I / O controller 710 may also manage peripheral devices not integrated into the device 702. In some implementations, the I / O controller 710 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some implementations, the I / O controller 710 may utilize an operating system, such as MS or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 710 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 704. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 702 via the I / O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 710.

[0121] In some implementations, device 702 may include a single antenna 712. However, in some other implementations, device 702 may have more than one antenna 712 (i.e., multiple antennas), including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which are capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 708 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 712, a wired link, or a wireless link, as described herein. For example, transceiver 708 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 708 may also include a modem that is configured to: modulate a packet, provide the modulated packet to one or more antennas 712 for transmission, and demodulate a packet received from one or more antennas 712.

[0122] Figure 8 FIG. illustrates a flow chart of a method 800 for supporting a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Operations of method 800 may be implemented by a device or components thereof described herein. For example, operations of method 800 may be performed by a network entity 102 (e.g., a base station) described with reference to Figures 1 - 7 In some implementations, the device may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0123] At 802, the method may include transmitting first signaling that indicates a reception configuration for receiving a device's reception of a reference signal. The operation of 802 may be performed in accordance with examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 802 may be performed by a device described with reference to Figure 1 as described.

[0124] At 804, the method may include transmitting second signaling that indicates estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation pattern of a reference signal attributable to one or more repeater devices. The operation of 804 may be performed in accordance with examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 804 may be performed by a device described with reference to Figure 1 as described.

[0125] At 806, the method may include transmitting third signaling at least partially based on the estimated signal configuration information, the third signaling indicating a measurement configuration of a reference signal received according to the reception configuration. The operation of 806 may be performed in accordance with examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 806 may be performed by a device described with reference to Figure 1 as described.

[0126] Figure 9FIG. illustrates a flow chart of a method 900 that supports a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Operations of method 900 may be implemented by a device or components thereof described herein. For example, operations of method 900 may be performed by the network entity 102 (e.g., base station) described with reference to Figures 1 - 7 In some implementations, the device may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0127] At 902, the method may include transmitting signaling indicating a configuration for obtaining estimated signal configuration information. The estimated signal configuration information includes at least one of the following: time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information, data type and / or data type value associated with the propagation mode information, or data format associated with the propagation mode information. The operation of 902 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 902 may be performed by a device described with reference to Figure 1 the device described.

[0128] At 904, the method may include transmitting signaling indicating a signal generation configuration to one or more repeater devices, the signal generation configuration including a delay mode, an angular mode, a time mode, and / or a phase shift mode associated with one of a delay, an angle, or a phase shift of a transmitted signal. The operation of 904 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 904 may be performed by a device described with reference to Figure 1 the device described.

[0129] At 906, the method may include transmitting signaling indicating a reference signal transmission configuration to a receiving device. The reference signal transmission configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of a waveform type or waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal, the reference signal being transmitted according to the waveform type and / or the waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal; a resource set, the reference signal being transmitted on the resource set according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter set; at least one of a transmit beam pattern or a radiation pattern, the reference signal being transmitted through at least one of the transmit beam pattern or the radiation pattern; transmit power, the reference signal being transmitted according to the transmit power; or sequence generation and physical resource mapping type, the reference signal being generated based on the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type. The operation of 906 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 906 may be performed by a device described with reference to Figure 1 the device described.

[0130] At 908, the method can include sending signaling indicating a reporting configuration that includes: a set of time-frequency and beam resources for the transmission of the report, criteria for the transmission of the report, and the type of information to be included in the report. The operations at 908 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations at 908 can be performed by the device described with reference to Figure 1 as described.

[0131] At 910, the method can include sending signaling indicating a request for information regarding an induced propagation pattern from one or more repeater devices, the induced propagation pattern including one or more of the following: a delay angle pattern, a delay pattern, an angle pattern, or a phase shift pattern. The operations at 910 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations at 910 can be performed by the device described with reference to Figure 1 as described.

[0132] At 912, the method can include receiving signaling of information from one or more repeater devices, the information including an induced propagation pattern of one or more delay angle patterns, delay patterns, angle patterns, or phase shift patterns. The operations at 912 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations at 912 can be performed by the device described with reference to Figure 1 as described.

[0133] Figure 10 FIG. illustrates a flow chart of a method 1000 for supporting a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1000 can be implemented by the devices or components described herein. For example, the operations of method 1000 can be performed by a network entity 102 (e.g., a base station) described with reference to Figures 1 - 7 as described. In some implementations, the device can execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0134] At 1002, the method can include sending signaling indicating a reception configuration for obtaining a propagation pattern of reference signals of one or more repeater devices. The operations at 1002 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations at 1002 can be performed by the device described with reference to Figure 1 as described.

[0135] At 1004, the method can include sending signaling indicating an operating state of one or more repeater devices. The operations at 1004 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations at 1004 can be performed by the device described with reference to Figure 1to be performed by the described device.

[0136] At 1006, the method may include sending signaling indicating signal measurements of a delay pattern and an angular pattern of one or more repeater devices. The operation of 1006 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 1006 may be performed by reference to Figure 1 the described device.

[0137] At 1008, the method may include receiving signaling as a report of signal measurements of a delay pattern and an angular pattern of one or more repeater devices. The operation of 1008 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 1008 may be performed by reference to Figure 1 the described device.

[0138] Figure 11 FIG. 1100 is a flow chart of a method for supporting a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1100 may be implemented by the devices or components described herein. For example, the operations of method 1100 may be performed by the UE 104 referred to Figures 1 - 7 in the description. In some implementations, the device may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0139] At 1102, the method may include receiving first signaling that indicates a reception configuration for the reception of reference signals. The operation of 1102 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 1102 may be performed by reference to Figure 1 the described device.

[0140] At 1104, the method may include receiving second signaling that indicates estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation pattern attributable to one or more repeater devices. The operation of 1104 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 1104 may be performed by reference to Figure 1 the described device.

[0141] At 1106, the method may include receiving a reference signal according to the reception configuration. The operation of 1106 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 1106 may be performed by reference to Figure 1 the described device.

[0142] At 1108, the method may include receiving, at least in part based on the estimated signal configuration information, a third signaling indicating a measurement configuration of a reference signal. The operation of 1108 may be performed in accordance with the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 1108 may be performed by the device described by reference Figure 1 as described.

[0143] Figure 12 FIG. illustrates a flowchart of a method 1200 for supporting a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1200 may be implemented by the devices or components described herein. For example, the operations of method 1200 may be performed by a UE 104 described by reference Figures 1 - 7 as described. In some implementations, the device may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0144] At 1202, the method may include receiving a signaling indicating a configuration for obtaining estimated signal configuration information. The estimated signal configuration information includes: time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information, one or more of a data type or data type value associated with the propagation mode information, and / or a data format associated with the propagation mode information. The operation of 1202 may be performed in accordance with the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 1202 may be performed by the device described by reference Figure 1 as described.

[0145] At 1204, the method may include receiving, from one or more repeater devices, a signaling indicating a signal generation configuration, the signal generation configuration including a delay pattern, an angular pattern, a time pattern, and / or a phase shift pattern associated with a delay, an angle, or a phase shift of a transmitted signal. The operation of 1204 may be performed in accordance with the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 1204 may be performed by the device described by reference Figure 1 as described.

[0146] At 1206, the method may include receiving signaling indicating a reference signal transmission configuration for a receiving device. The reference signal transmission configuration includes one or more of the following: at least one of a waveform type or a waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal, according to which the reference signal is transmitted; a resource set on which the reference signal is transmitted according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter set; at least one of a transmission beam pattern or a radiation pattern through which the reference signal is transmitted; a transmission power according to which the reference signal is transmitted; or a sequence generation and physical resource mapping type based on which the reference signal is generated. The operation at 1206 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation at 1206 may be performed by the device described with reference to Figure 1 the device described.

[0147] At 1208, the method may include receiving signaling indicating a reporting configuration, the reporting configuration including: a time-frequency and beam resource set for the reporting transmission, a criterion for the reporting transmission, and a type of information included in the report. The operation at 1208 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation at 1208 may be performed by the device described with reference to Figure 1 the device described.

[0148] Figure 13 FIG. illustrates a flowchart of a method 1300 supporting a repeater signal pattern as auxiliary information in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1300 may be implemented by the devices or components described herein. For example, the operations of method 1300 may be performed by the UE 104 described with reference to Figures 1 - 7 the device described. In some implementations, the device may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0149] At 1302, the method may include receiving signaling indicating a reception configuration for obtaining a propagation pattern of reference signals of one or more repeater devices. The operation at 1302 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation at 1302 may be performed by the device described with reference to Figure 1 the device described.

[0150] At 1304, the method may include receiving signaling indicating an operating state of one or more repeater devices. The operation at 1304 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation at 1304 may be performed by the device described with reference to Figure 1to be performed by the described device.

[0151] At 1306, the method may include receiving signaling indicating signal measurements of a latency mode and an angular mode of one or more repeater devices. Operations at 1306 may be performed in accordance with the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations at 1306 may be performed by reference Figure 1 to the described device.

[0152] At 1308, the method may include transmitting signaling as a report of signal measurements of a latency mode and an angular mode of one or more repeater devices. Operations at 1308 may be performed in accordance with the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations at 1308 may be performed by reference Figure 1 to the described device.

[0153] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Additionally, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0154] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using the following, which are designed to perform the functions described herein: a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0155] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the present disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these executed by a processor. The features implementing the functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0156] A computer-readable medium includes both a non-transitory computer storage medium and a communication medium, where the communication medium includes any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. The non-transitory storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, the non-transitory computer-readable medium can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code components in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general or special purpose computer, or a general or special purpose processor.

[0157] Any connection can be properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave from a website, server, or other remote source, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. As used herein, disk and disc include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable medium.

[0158] As used herein, and as included in the claims, the "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list that begins with phrases such as "at least one of... " or "one or more of... " or "one or both of... ") indicates an inclusive list, such that for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Similarly, a list of one or more of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Additionally, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" can be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on". Further, as used herein, and as included in the claims, a "set" can include one or more elements.

[0159] When referring to a network entity, the terms "send", "receive", or "communicate" may refer to any part of a network entity (e.g., a base station, CU, DU, RU) of a RAN that communicates with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities).

[0160] The specification described herein in conjunction with the figures describes example configurations and does not represent all examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and not "preferred" or "superior to other examples". The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0161] The description provided herein is to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A base station (BS) for wireless communication, comprising: At least one memory; And At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the BS to: Transmit a first signaling that indicates a reception configuration for receiving a reference signal by a receiving device; Send a second signaling to the receiving device, the second signaling indicating estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation pattern of the reference signal that can be attributed to one or more repeater devices; And Transmit a third signaling to the receiving device at least partially based on the estimated signal configuration information, the third signaling indicating a measurement configuration of the reference signal received according to the reception configuration.

2. The BS according to claim 1, wherein the propagation pattern of the reference signal includes at least one of the following that can be attributed to the one or more repeater devices: a delay pattern, an angular pattern, a time pattern, a phase shift pattern, or an amplification pattern.

3. The BS according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to cause the BS to send a fourth signaling to the receiving device, the fourth signaling indicating a configuration for obtaining the estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including at least one of the following: Time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information; One or more of a data type or data type values associated with the propagation mode information; or A data format associated with the propagation mode information.

4. The BS according to claim 1, wherein the reception configuration for the reception of the reference signal includes one or more of the following: At least one of a position or a speed of a transmitter device; The transmission radiation pattern of the transmitter device; At least one of a waveform type or a waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal, the reference signal being transmitted according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal; A resource set, the reference signal being transmitted on the resource set according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter set; A transmission power, the reference signal being transmitted according to the transmission power; Or A sequence generation and physical resource mapping type, the reference signal being generated based on the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type.

5. The BS according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to cause the BS to send a fourth signaling to the one or more repeater devices, the fourth signaling indicating a signal generation configuration, the signal generation configuration including at least one of the following associated with at least one of a delay, an angle, or a phase shift of a transmitted signal: a delay pattern, an angular pattern, a time pattern, or a phase shift pattern.

6. The BS according to claim 1, wherein the measurement configuration includes one or more of the following: A channel state information (CSI) estimate of a propagation path associated with a repeater device among the one or more repeater devices; A type of the CSI estimate of the propagation path; An indication of a detection object; A first estimate of at least one of a device location or a device speed; or A second estimate of at least one of an object location, an object speed, or an object size.

7. The BS according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to cause the BS to send a fourth signaling to the receiving device, the fourth signaling indicating a reference signal transmission configuration, the reference signal transmission configuration including one or more of the following items: At least one of a waveform type of the reference signal or waveform definition parameter sets, the reference signal being sent according to at least one of the waveform type of the reference signal or the waveform definition parameter sets; A resource set, the reference signal being sent on the resource set according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter sets; At least one of a transmission beam pattern or a radiation pattern, the reference signal being sent through at least one of the transmission beam pattern or the radiation pattern; A transmission power, the reference signal being sent according to the transmission power; Or A sequence generation and physical resource mapping type, the reference signal being generated based on the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type.

8. The BS according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to cause the BS to send a fourth signaling to the receiving device, the fourth signaling indicating a reporting configuration, the reporting configuration including at least one of the following items: a time-frequency and beam resource set for the transmission for reporting, a criterion for the transmission for the reporting, or an information type included in the reporting.

9. The BS according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to cause the BS to send a fourth signaling indicating a request for information on an induced propagation mode from the one or more repeater devices, the induced propagation mode including one or more of the following items: a delay angle mode, a delay mode, an angle mode, or a phase shift mode.

10. The BS according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to cause the BS to: Send a fourth signaling to the receiving device, the fourth signaling indicating a reception configuration for obtaining a propagation mode of the reference signal of the one or more repeater devices; Send a fifth signaling to the receiving device, the fifth signaling indicating an operating state of the one or more repeater devices; And Send a sixth signaling to the receiving device, the sixth signaling indicating a signal measurement of a delay mode and an angle mode of the one or more repeater devices.

11. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: At least one memory; And At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: Receive a first signaling indicating a reception configuration for receiving a reference signal; Receive a second signaling indicating estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation mode attributable to one or more repeater devices; Receive the reference signal according to the reception configuration; And Receive third signaling indicating a measurement configuration of the reference signal, at least partially based on the estimated signal configuration information.

12. The UE according to claim 11, wherein the propagation mode of the reference signal includes at least one of the following that can be attributed to the one or more repeater devices: a delay mode, an angular mode, a temporal mode, a phase shift mode, or an amplification mode.

13. The UE according to claim 11, wherein the processor is configured to cause the UE to receive fourth signaling indicating a configuration for obtaining the estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including at least one of the following: Time-frequency resources for receiving propagation mode information; One or more of a data type or data type values associated with the propagation mode information; or A data format associated with the propagation mode information.

14. The UE according to claim 13, wherein the repeater device among the one or more repeater devices is a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), and the data type includes one or more of the following: the size of the RIS, the number of reflector elements of the RIS, or arrangement information indicating the positioning of the reflector elements, the arrangement information including an element spacing of the reflector elements.

15. The UE according to claim 13, wherein the data type includes one or more of the following: a channel phase shift mode, an amplitude modification mode, or a plurality of temporal modes associated with at least one of the channel phase shift mode or the amplitude modification mode.

16. The UE according to claim 11, wherein the reception configuration for the reception of the reference signal includes one or more of the following: At least one of a position or a speed of a transmitter device; A transmission radiation pattern of the transmitter device; At least one of a waveform type or waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal, the reference signal being transmitted according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter set of the reference signal; A resource set, the reference signal being transmitted on the resource set according to at least one of the waveform type or the waveform definition parameter set; A transmission power, the reference signal being transmitted according to the transmission power; Or A sequence generation and physical resource mapping type, the reference signal being generated based on the sequence generation and physical resource mapping type.

17. The UE according to claim 11, wherein the processor is configured to cause the UE to receive fourth signaling from the one or more repeater devices, the fourth signaling indicating a signal generation configuration, the signal generation configuration including at least one of the following associated with at least one of a delay, an angle, or a phase shift of a transmitted signal: a delay mode, an angular mode, a temporal mode, or a phase shift mode.

18. The UE according to claim 11, wherein the processor is configured to cause the UE to receive a fourth signaling, the fourth signaling indicating a reporting configuration, the reporting configuration including at least one of the following: a time-frequency and beam resource set for transmission of the report, a criterion for the transmission of the report, or a type of information included in the report.

19. A processor for wireless communication, comprising: at least one controller, coupled to at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receive a first signaling, the first signaling indicating a reception configuration for reception of a reference signal; receive a second signaling, the second signaling indicating estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation pattern attributable to one or more repeater devices; receive the reference signal according to the reception configuration; and receive, at least in part based on the estimated signal configuration information, a third signaling indicating a measurement configuration of the reference signal.

20. A method performed by a base station (BS), comprising: transmit a first signaling, the first signaling indicating a reception configuration for reception of a reference signal by a receiving device; transmit a second signaling, the second signaling indicating estimated signal configuration information, the estimated signal configuration information including a propagation pattern of the reference signal attributable to one or more repeater devices; and transmit, at least in part based on the estimated signal configuration information, a third signaling indicating a measurement configuration of the reference signal received according to the reception configuration.

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