AC / DC power supply control system

Abstract

The invention discloses an alternating-current and direct-current power supply control system, which comprises a three-phase full-bridge rectifier used for receiving an input voltage of a three-phase power grid, converting the input voltage into a direct-current voltage with pulsation and sending the direct-current voltage to an LC filter module; the LC filtering module is used for carrying out filtering processing on the direct-current voltage with pulsation, and smooth direct-current voltage is obtained after filtering; the IGBT inversion module is used for receiving the smooth direct-current voltage, performing inversion according to a PWM control signal output by the main control board, generating alternating-current and direct-current pulse voltages required by the isolation transformer and sending the alternating-current and direct-current pulse voltages to the isolation transformer; the isolation transformer forms a secondary voltage and sends the secondary voltage to the output filtering module; and the output filtering module is used for filtering the secondary voltage. And an IMDC comprehensive judgment channel is additionally arranged on the basis of an original single-loop full-digital closed loop, so that faster voltage stabilization response is realized when the load is suddenly changed or the input fluctuates, and the switching loss and the protection margin are simultaneously considered in a full-power range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of all-digital AC-DC power supplies, and particularly relates to an AC-DC power supply control system. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for multi-mode AC-DC power supplies in aerospace-power, airborne radars, electric vehicles, and field portable devices, etc., the industry generally adopts the typical topology of "three-phase full-bridge rectification + LC filtering + IGBT full-bridge inversion + isolation transformer", supplemented by the all-digital closed-loop control of an MCU. Such systems usually scale the hundreds of volts of bus voltage and load current to 0-3V that can be sampled by the MCU through two sensors of voltage and current, and then a single MCU completes PWM generation, PI or PID operations, and fault monitoring. Its advantages lie in the simple circuit and low cost, but the disadvantages are also very prominent, mainly reflected in the following three aspects: The static PWM carrier strategy cannot balance efficiency and safety: In existing solutions, the PWM carrier frequency and dead time are often set to fixed values during the design stage to prevent shoot-through caused by the parasitic capacitance and conduction delay of IGBTs. However, when the load switches from no-load to full-load, or when the input bus voltage suddenly drops and the inverter temperature rises rapidly, it is very difficult for this fixed parameter to achieve a balance between "low switching loss" and "sufficient safety margin", often resulting in low light-load efficiency, shortened device life under high-temperature conditions, and even IGBT shoot-through breakdown in extreme cases.

[0003] The single-source closed-loop detection has a slow response to transient conditions: Most existing power supply control systems only use the bus voltage or output voltage as the closed-loop feedback quantity; when a step change of more than 50% of the load occurs on the sub-millisecond time scale, the traditional PI / PID loop takes several control cycles to stabilize, and dozens of volts of under / overshoot are easily generated during this period. In addition, the increased ripple caused by the aging of the bus capacitor and the input transient drop caused by the power grid surge are often not recognized and processed in a timely manner.

[0004] Lack of multi-dimensional health monitoring and preventive protection: Traditional solutions usually perform over-current, over-voltage, or over-temperature protection at the MCU software level, and the triggering thresholds are mostly "hard switches". Given the delay of dozens to hundreds of microseconds introduced by ADC sampling and software interrupts themselves, rapid mutations are often too late to be finely distinguished, and the PWM can only be roughly turned off; this not only affects the system availability but also cannot provide early warnings for progressive faults such as component aging (such as the increase in the ESR of the bus capacitor) and heat dissipation failure.

[0005] In view of the above deficiencies, although there are literatures in the industry proposing to add a sliding window algorithm inside the MCU or add a simple threshold comparison circuit on the FPGA side, the multi-source information fusion, microsecond-level decision-making, and adaptive dynamic adjustment of the carrier / dead zone have still not been achieved. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new control system that can parallelly collect multi-dimensional signals at the hardware level, comprehensively analyze the working conditions, and instantaneously reconstruct the PWM parameters, so as to improve the safety, energy efficiency, and maintainability of the AC / DC power supply under complex working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an AC / DC power supply control system, including a three-phase full-bridge rectifier, an LC filter module, an IGBT inverter module, an isolation transformer, an output filter module, and a voltage sensor connected in sequence, and the driving signal of the IGBT inverter module is output by a main control board; The system further includes a comprehensive judgment circuit for dynamically adjusting the PWM carrier frequency and dead time of the IGBT inverter module on a microsecond time scale; The comprehensive judgment circuit receives at least the following two types of real-time data signals: The bus voltage sampling signal from the isolation-shift-clamp link of the voltage sensor; At least one comprehensive working condition signal selected from the load current sampling signal, the radiator temperature signal, the rectifier input side line-line voltage signal, and the PWM duty cycle historical data; The comprehensive judgment circuit includes: A digital signal processing unit for synchronously sampling and feature extracting the real-time data signals; A working condition rough classification unit based on fuzzy rules and a parameter fine-tuning unit based on a gradient boosting decision model; An event trigger interface that writes the carrier frequency division code and dead time code after decision-making into the PWM timing register through a programmable logic matrix.

[0007] Preferably, the digital signal processing unit calculates the mean and standard deviation of the bus voltage sampling signal to obtain the ripple factor, differentiates the load current sampling signal to obtain the jump amplitude, and performs time differentiation on the radiator temperature signal to obtain the temperature rise rate.

[0008] Preferably, the working condition rough classification unit adopts no less than 8 Mamdani-type fuzzy rules, takes the ripple factor, the load jump amplitude, and the temperature rise rate as inputs, and outputs four working condition states: dangerous, overloaded, normal, or no-load.

[0009] Preferably, the voltage sensor adopts a topological structure of two-stage isolation transformation, step-down shift, and symmetric clamping, and an RC low-pass filter network and a guard ground trace are connected in series after the clamping node to improve the common-mode rejection ratio and the ripple measurement accuracy.

[0010] Preferably, the parameter fine-tuning unit is a gradient boosting model containing multiple decision trees. The input is a sliding window feature vector including at least the ripple factor, load jump amplitude, temperature rise rate, bus voltage mean value, and PWM duty cycle historical data, and the output is the predicted values of the continuously adjustable carrier frequency and dead time.

[0011] Preferably, the event trigger interface encodes the carrier frequency division code and the dead time code into a 14-bit control word and writes it into the programmable logic matrix within 5 μs through a 20 MHz bus to preempt the normal PWM update channel of the main control board to achieve immediate effect.

[0012] Preferably, the main clock of the main control board is synchronously provided to the comprehensive judgment circuit after differential buffering, and the comprehensive judgment circuit sends back a sampling completion flag to the main control board through a single-wire handshake signal to ensure the end-to-end synchronization of the bus voltage and load current sampling.

[0013] Preferably, the comprehensive judgment circuit monitors the charging slope of the bus voltage during the cold start process of the system, and outputs a start abnormal event frame to the upper computer when it detects that the charging time constant exceeds the set threshold.

[0014] An AC-DC power supply control method is applied to the above AC-DC power supply control system, and is characterized by including the following steps: A) Periodically and synchronously sample the bus voltage, load current, and at least one operating condition signal; B) Extract features from the sampled data and obtain a rough classification of the operating conditions according to fuzzy rules; C) Call the gradient boosting model to predict the optimal carrier frequency and dead time under non-dangerous and non-no-load operating conditions; D) Write the decision result of step B or step C into the PWM timing register through the event trigger interface, so that the carrier frequency and dead time of the IGBT inverter module are updated within one PWM cycle; E) The main control board performs conventional voltage-current closed-loop regulation to eliminate residual errors.

[0015] One or more technical solutions provided in the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The present invention adopts a fully digital control system with an MCU as the core, achieving digital sampling, monitoring, and control of all power supply parameters. This technical solution significantly reduces the number of complex analog circuits and components in traditional analog control systems. The simplification of the circuit structure not only reduces the overall power consumption of the system, but also decreases the circuit board volume, improving the system's integration and reliability. At the same time, due to the higher precision and stability of the digital control system, the performance of the power supply system is further enhanced.

[0016] The present invention adds an IMDC comprehensive judgment channel on the basis of the original single-loop fully digital closed-loop, fusing multi-source information such as bus ripple, load current, device temperature rise, grid-side voltage, and duty cycle in real time, adopting a two-level judgment of "fuzzy rules + LightGBM", and directly writing to the PWM register through the event trigger interface hardware, enabling the system to adaptively adjust the carrier frequency and dead time within milliseconds or even microseconds, so as to achieve a faster voltage stabilization response when the load changes suddenly or the input fluctuates, taking into account both switching losses and protection margins within the full power range, effectively suppressing output overshoot and undershoot, improving light-load efficiency, extending the device life, and realizing fault warning through the monitoring of ripple characteristics and charging slope, significantly enhancing the system's safety, energy efficiency, and maintenance friendliness.

[0017] The following will further elaborate on the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is the architecture diagram of the system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is the circuit provided by the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 3 is the structure diagram of the voltage sensor provided by the present invention; Figure 4 is the module diagram of the comprehensive judgment circuit provided by the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The following further describes the present invention in detail with specific embodiments, but the implementation manners of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0020] As Figures 1-3 shown, the present invention provides an AC-DC power supply control system, including: a three-phase full-bridge rectifier, an LC filter module, an IGBT inverter module, an isolation transformer, an output filter module, and a voltage sensor connected in sequence; the three-phase full-bridge rectifier is connected to a three-phase power grid; the output filter module is connected to a user load; the IGBT inverter module is signal-connected to a main control board (MCU); The three-phase full-bridge rectifier D1 is used to receive the input voltage of the three-phase power grid, convert it into a pulsating DC voltage, and send it to the LC filter module; The LC filter module L1, C1 - C2 is used to filter the pulsating DC voltage, and after filtering, a smooth DC voltage is obtained and sent to the IGBT inverter module; The IGBT inverter module Q3 - Q6 is used to receive the smooth DC voltage, and perform inversion according to the PWM control signal output by the main control board, generate the AC and DC pulse voltages required by the isolation transformer, and send them to the isolation transformer; The isolation transformer T1 is used to electrically isolate the IGBT inverter module and the output filter module, and perform voltage conversion on the AC and DC pulse voltages to form a secondary voltage and send it to the output filter module; The output filter module C3 is used to filter the secondary voltage, and then deliver it to the user load to provide the required power for the user; The voltage sensor is used to collect the voltage of the input three - phase power grid to form a voltage sampling signal; output the voltage of the user load, and send the voltage sampling signal to the main control board for parameter calculation and control adjustment, generate a voltage control signal and send it to the IGBT inverter module.

[0021] Further, the IGBT inverter module consists of four switching tubes Q3 - Q6 to form a full - bridge structure; The main control board controls the turn - off of each switching tube by outputting a PWM control signal (PWM1 - PWM4 control signals of the drive interface), thereby adjusting the output voltage and current of the IGBT inverter module.

[0022] By adjusting the frequency, duty cycle of the PWM signal and the turns ratio of the isolation transformer T1, the output of 115V / 400Hz intermediate - frequency single - phase / three - phase AC power supply and various DC power supplies such as 270V and 28V can be realized.

[0023] Further, a current sensor is connected in parallel with the voltage sensor, and the current sensor is used to collect the input and output currents of the system.

[0024] Further, the voltage sensor includes: a sensor, a step - down circuit, a level - shifting circuit and a voltage clamping circuit connected in series in sequence; convert the input / output voltage into a 0 - 3V voltage signal that can be recognized by the main control board.

[0025] The sensor is used to isolate and convert a voltage signal of several hundred volts (V) or a current signal of several hundred amperes (A) into a ±15V voltage signal; The step-down circuit (composed of triode U1, resistor R1, resistor R11, resistor R13, and resistor R15) and the level-shifting circuit (composed of triode U2, resistor R2, resistor R12, and resistor R14) are used to convert the ±15V signal into a 0-3V signal; The clamping circuits D1 and D2 are used to limit the signal outside the 0-3V range within this range to protect the AD port of the MCU from overvoltage damage.

[0026] Further, the system further includes: a thyristor and a power resistor connected in series at the input end of the three-phase full-bridge rectifier in sequence; the thyristor and the power resistor are jointly used to limit the current impact at the moment of startup and protect the circuit components.

[0027] When starting up for the first time, the thyristor is not conducting, and the current charges the subsequent capacitor through the power resistor, limiting the instantaneous charging current of the subsequent capacitor through the power resistor. After a certain period of time, the subsequent capacitor is fully charged, the thyristor conducts, the current flows through the thyristor to the subsequent capacitor, and the power resistor is no longer conducting.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the all-digital control AC / DC power supply control system of the present invention has significant technical effects and advantages. The following is a detailed analysis in combination with the technical solutions: (1) Simplifying the circuit structure and reducing power consumption: The present invention adopts an all-digital control system with the MCU as the core to achieve digital sampling, monitoring, and control of all power supply parameters. This technical solution significantly reduces the number of complex analog circuits and components in the traditional analog control system. The simplification of the circuit structure not only reduces the overall power consumption of the system, but also reduces the circuit board volume, improves the integration and reliability of the system. At the same time, due to the higher precision and stability of the digital control system, the performance of the power supply system is further improved.

[0029] (2) The unified hardware circuit reduces the production and debugging costs: The present invention designs a set of hardware circuits that can simultaneously meet the output requirements of DC and AC power supplies. By flexibly configuring the control strategies and parameters of the MCU, seamless switching between DC and AC power supplies is achieved. This technical solution greatly simplifies the processes and costs of procurement, production, debugging, and after-sales. Enterprises do not need to separately purchase and produce hardware circuits for different types of power supply systems, reducing the operating costs and improving the production efficiency.

[0030] (3) Flexible control strategies improve the load adaptability: The all-digital control system of the present invention supports a variety of control algorithms, such as deadbeat control, fractional-order PI&D control, fuzzy adaptive PID control, etc. These control algorithms can be flexibly selected and adjusted according to the specific load characteristics. Through flexible control strategies, the present invention can ensure that the power supply system maintains the best working state under various load conditions. This not only improves the output stability and efficiency of the power supply system, but also extends the service life of the equipment.

[0031] (4) Intelligent and remote upgrade capabilities improve system scalability: The control system of the present invention has intelligent control functions and supports remote upgrade of control strategies. Through the serial communication interface of the MCU, data exchange and remote control with the upper computer can be conveniently realized. The intelligent and remote upgrade capabilities enable the present invention to keep up with the technological development trend, facilitating later upgrades and optimizations. Enterprises can adjust and improve the control strategies according to actual needs, improving the scalability and maintainability of the system.

[0032] (5) Comprehensive monitoring and protection functions improve system reliability: The control system of the present invention is built-in with comprehensive monitoring and protection functions. The MCU samples and monitors the input and output voltage and current in real time, and immediately starts the protection program once an abnormal situation is detected. The comprehensive monitoring and protection functions enable the present invention to detect and handle various faults and abnormal situations in a timely manner, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power supply system. This not only improves the reliability of the system, but also reduces the failure rate and maintenance cost.

[0033] Furthermore, as Figure 4 shown, to improve the response ability of the inverter stage to rapid load changes and bus anomalies, an integrated judgment circuit (IMDC, Intelligent Multi-Direction Comparator) is also included in the original all-digital control framework. The IMDC and the MCU are co-located on the same four-layer immersion gold PCB, but are independently powered and isolated from the digital ground through an ADuM141E digital isolator to ensure a high common-mode rejection ratio of the sampling chain. Specifically: Signal acquisition and front-end wiring: Bus voltage sampling V_adc: After passing through a four-stage link of "sensor isolation - bucking - shifting - symmetric clamping", a 47Ω / 100PF π-type EMI filter is connected in series outside the clamping node; the signal only travels 25mm and then enters the differential sampling amplifier SN65ADC1285, and its differential pair follows a 90Ω control impedance and crosses once at the isolation band.

[0034] Load current sampling I_adc: The Hall current sensor outputs a 0-3V signal, which is filtered by a homomorphic π filter and then incorporated into the spare channel of the SN65ADC1285.

[0035] The temperature of the heatsink \(T_{sink}\): The digital thermometer DS18B20 is connected to the IMDC through a single bus. Rectified input line - line voltage \(V_{grid}\): It is isolated and amplified to 0 - 3V by the differential amplifier INA149, and the same analog ground reference as \(V_{adC}\) is used. Duty cycle history \(duty\_hist\): The MCU writes the 16 - bit duty cycle to the dual - port RAM of the IMDC via the 66MHz asynchronous bus every 1ms.

[0036] Clock synchronization and event alignment: The 96MHz main clock of the MCU is buffered by LVDs and provided to the IMDC as Sampling_CLK (24MHz); the IMDC further divides the frequency to generate 2.4MHz to trigger the internal 14 - bit SAR ADC, achieving multi - channel synchronous sampling with a 10µs period, and ensuring the alignment of sampling timestamps through the single - line SYNC_STROBE handshake.

[0037] Feature extraction and two - stage decision: DSP core calculation: Calculate the mean \(\mu\) and standard deviation \(\sigma\) of \(V_{adC}\) to obtain the ripple factor \(\rho=\sigma / \mu\); perform a 40µs difference on \(I_{adC}\) to get the load transition amount \(\Delta I\); perform a 10ms interval difference on \(T_{sink}\) to get the temperature rise rate \(dT / dt\).

[0038] Fuzzy rule engine: 8 Mamdani rules complete coarse classification within 10µs. If \(\rho>8\%\) and \(\Delta I>15\%\), it is judged as dangerous; if \(\rho<1\%\), \(\Delta I<2\%\) and \(dT / dt<0.1^{\circ}C / ms\), it is judged as no - load; the rest of the combinations are judged as over - load or normal.

[0039] LightGBM fine - tuning: Using \(\{\rho,\Delta I,dT / dt,\mu(V_{adc}),duty\_hist,V_{grid\_RMS},\cdots\}\) as a 256 - dimensional input vector, 64 small gradient - boosting trees with a depth of 5 (learning rate 0.05) are used to output the optimal carrier frequency \(f_{carrier\_opt}(5 - 50kHz)\) and the safe dead - time \(dead\_time\_opt(250 - 700ns)\); the online inference time is < 5µs.

[0040] Control code distribution and logic remapping: The IMDC sends the 4 - bit frequency - division code and 10 - bit dead - time code to the programmable logic matrix PLM via the 20MHz CMOs bus, and synchronously raises dATA_READY; if fAULT_FLAG = 1 (dangerous working condition), the PLM decoder immediately preempts the PWM update channel, and starting from the next PWM cycle, reduces the carrier frequency to 5kHz and widens the dead - time to 700ns; in the no - load state, it is raised to 50kHz / 250ns to reduce core and switching losses.

[0041] Signal flow closed loop: "Bus voltage isolation sampling → IMDC decision → PLM remapping → PWM register → IGBT gate" forms a fast closed loop at the 5-µs level; the MCU outer loop PI makes millisecond-level residual corrections on this basis, maintaining transient voltage regulation and avoiding integral saturation.

[0042] Thus, with the help of IMDC feedforward compensation, when the load suddenly increases by 50%, the overshoot of the 270V DC bus voltage is limited within ±1.5% (about ±2.5% without the IMDC scheme), and the peak radiator temperature drops by 6 - 8°C; at the 800W typical load point, the inverter efficiency is qualitatively improved by about 2.8%.

[0043] IMDC records the V_adC charging slope in real time during system cold start. If the time constant is found to increase abnormally, it triggers the "start-up anomaly" event frame to report to the upper computer, prompting to check the bus capacitor.

[0044] So far, IMDC has completed multi-level coupling with the original AC-DC power control system, such as analog ground-digital ground isolation, clock synchronization, bus mapping, logic preemption, and health monitoring, forming a microsecond-level adaptive control closed loop, significantly improving system safety and efficiency.

[0045] After completing the above hardware coupling, while maintaining the advantages of the original all-digital control, this system realizes fast operating condition adaptability for multi-mode output: when IMDC determines danger, the inverter immediately enters the low-frequency large dead zone protection mode; when it determines no load, it automatically enters the light load skip pulse and turns off the synchronous rectification MOSFET to achieve standby energy saving. The new closed loop improves the overall dynamic voltage regulation performance during load mutation without changing the main program framework.

[0046] To ensure the high sensitivity of IMDC to bus ripple, a 10MHz - 3dB RC filter is added after the clamping node, and a 0.8mm ground guard is arranged outside the V_adC trace, actually increasing the common-mode rejection ratio by about 4dB, further reducing the influence of high-frequency radio frequency interference on the LightGBM decision accuracy.

[0047] When the system is in the initial power-on stage, the thyristor is not conducting, and the current is limited by the power resistor to charge the capacitor at the rear stage; after the capacitor is fully charged, the thyristor conducts and the power resistor is bypassed to ensure component safety. At the same time, IMDC continuously monitors the V_adC curve and alarms immediately if the charging time is abnormal.

[0048] In summary, based on the "pure MCU-controlled closed-loop" of the original all-digital AC-DC power control system, the present invention integrates sampling, decision-making, and driving into a single-board microsecond-level closed-loop by introducing the integrated judgment circuit IMDC and its supporting hardware / algorithms. This not only avoids the interface delay introduced by traditional multi-board series connection but also realizes the comprehensive analysis and real-time decision-making of four-domain data, namely bus ripple, load jump, heat dissipation temperature rise, and grid-side voltage dip, without adding a large number of analog components. Overall, it demonstrates higher safety margins, energy efficiency, and maintenance friendliness.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0050] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with various embodiments herein, however, during the implementation of the claimed present application, those skilled in the art can understand and achieve other variations of the disclosed embodiments by viewing the accompanying drawings, the disclosed content, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "one" does not exclude a plurality of cases.

[0051] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited only to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, and all should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An AC-DC power control system includes a three-phase full-bridge rectifier, an LC filter module, an IGBT inverter module, an isolation transformer, an output filter module, and a voltage sensor connected in sequence. The drive signal of the IGBT inverter module is output by a main control board, and it is characterized in that: The system further includes a comprehensive judgment circuit for dynamically adjusting the PWM carrier frequency and dead time of the IGBT inverter module on a microsecond time scale; The comprehensive judgment circuit receives at least the following two types of real-time data signals: The bus voltage sampling signal from the isolation-shift-clamp link of the voltage sensor; At least one comprehensive operating condition signal selected from the load current sampling signal, the radiator temperature signal, the rectifier input side line-line voltage signal, and the PWM duty cycle historical data; The comprehensive judgment circuit includes: A digital signal processing unit for synchronously sampling and feature extracting the real-time data signals; A rough classification unit for operating conditions based on fuzzy rules and a parameter fine-tuning unit based on a gradient boosting decision model; An event trigger interface for writing the carrier frequency division code and the dead time code after decision-making into the PWM timing register through a programmable logic matrix.

2. An AC-DC power control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital signal processing unit calculates the mean and standard deviation of the bus voltage sampling signal to obtain a ripple factor, differentiates the load current sampling signal to obtain a jump amplitude, and differentiates the radiator temperature signal with respect to time to obtain a temperature rise rate.

3. The AC / DC power supply control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rough classification unit for operating conditions adopts no less than 8 Mamdani-type fuzzy rules, takes the ripple factor, the load jump amplitude, and the temperature rise rate as inputs, and outputs four operating condition states of danger, overload, normal, or no load.

4. An AC-DC power control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The voltage sensor adopts a topological structure of two-stage isolation transformation, step-down shifting, and symmetric clamping, and an RC low-pass filter network and a ground protection trace are connected in series after the clamping node to improve the common-mode rejection ratio and the ripple measurement accuracy.

5. A AC / DC power supply control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameter fine-tuning unit is a gradient boosting model including multiple decision trees. The input is a sliding window feature vector including at least the ripple factor, the load jump amplitude, the temperature rise rate, the bus voltage mean, and the PWM duty cycle historical data, and the output is a continuously adjustable predicted value of the carrier frequency and the dead time.

6. The AC / DC power supply control system according to claim 1, wherein The event trigger interface encodes the carrier frequency division code and the dead time code into a 14-bit control word and writes it into the programmable logic matrix within 5 µs through a 20 MHz bus to preempt the normal PWM update channel of the main control board to achieve immediate effect.

7. The AC / DC power supply control system according to claim 1, wherein The main clock of the main control board is synchronously provided to the comprehensive judgment circuit after differential buffering. The comprehensive judgment circuit sends back a sampling completion flag to the main control board through a single-wire handshake signal to ensure the end-to-end synchronization of the bus voltage and the load current sampling.

8. A AC-DC power supply control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comprehensive judgment circuit monitors the charging slope of the bus voltage during the cold start process of the system, and outputs a start-up abnormal event frame to the upper computer when it detects that the charging time constant exceeds the set threshold.

9. A method for controlling an AC / DC power supply, which is applied to the AC / DC power supply control system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Including the following steps: A) Periodically synchronously sample the bus voltage, load current, and at least one operating condition signal; B) Extract features from the sampled data and obtain a rough classification of the operating conditions according to fuzzy rules; C) Call the gradient boosting model to predict the optimal carrier frequency and dead time under non-dangerous and non-no-load operating conditions; D) Write the decision result of step B or step C into the PWM timing register through the event trigger interface, so that the carrier frequency and dead time of the IGBT inverter module are updated within one PWM cycle; E) The main control board performs conventional voltage-current closed-loop regulation to eliminate residual errors.

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