Wireless energy transfer services

Abstract

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and devices for wireless communication that support wireless energy transfer services. In a first aspect, a method of wireless communication includes receiving, by a first network node from a second network node, an indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; sending, by the first network node, a request for wireless energy transfer to the second network node based on receiving the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; and receiving, by the first network node from the second network node, energy for one or more components of the first network node after sending the request for wireless energy transfer. Other aspects and features are also claimed and described.

Description

[0001] Cross - Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 065,008, entitled "WIRELESS ENERGY TRANSFER SERVICE", filed on December 13, 2022, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to energy transmission in wireless networks. Some features enable and provide improved communication, including wireless energy transfer services operating in wireless networks. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication networks are widely deployed to provide various communication services such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, etc. These wireless networks can be multi - access networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing available network resources. Such networks can be multi - access networks for communicating by sharing available network resources to support multiple users.

[0005] A wireless communication network can include several components. These components can include wireless communication devices, such as a base station (or Node B) that can support communication for multiple user equipments (UEs). The UEs can communicate with the base station via a downlink and an uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the base station to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the base station.

[0006] The base station can send data and control information to the UE on the downlink, or receive data and control information from the UE on the uplink. On the downlink, the transmission from the base station may encounter interference due to transmissions from neighboring base stations or other radio frequency (RF) transmitters. On the uplink, the transmission from the UE may encounter interference from other UEs communicating with neighboring base stations or from uplink transmissions of other wireless RF transmitters. Such interference can degrade the performance on both the downlink and the uplink.

[0007] Due to the continuous growth in the demand for mobile broadband access, with more UEs accessing remote wireless communication networks and more short - range wireless systems deployed in the community, the likelihood of interference and congested networks is also increasing. Research and development continue to advance wireless technologies to not only meet the growing demand for mobile broadband access, but also enhance and improve the user experience of mobile communication. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The following presents a summary of some aspects of the present disclosure to provide a basic understanding of the discussed technology. This summary is not an exhaustive overview of all the expected features of the present disclosure, and is neither intended to identify key or important elements of all aspects of the present disclosure, nor to delineate the scope of any or all aspects of the present disclosure. The sole purpose of this invention summary is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of the present disclosure in a generalized form as a prelude to more specific embodiments that are presented later.

[0009] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communication includes: receiving, by a first network node, an indication from a second network node that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; sending, by the first network node, a request for wireless energy transfer to the second network node based on receiving the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; and receiving, by the first network node from the second network node, energy for one or more components of the first network node after sending the request for wireless energy transfer.

[0010] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a first network node includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to: receive an indication from a second network node that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; send a request for wireless energy transfer to the second network node based on receiving the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; and receive, from the second network node, energy for one or more components of the first network node after sending the request for wireless energy transfer.

[0011] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a first network node includes: means for the first network node to receive an indication from a second network node that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; means for the first network node to send a request for wireless energy transfer to the second network node based on receiving the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; and means for the first network node to receive, after sending the request for wireless energy transfer, energy for one or more components of the first network node from the second network node.

[0012] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations. The operations include: receiving, by a first network node, an indication from a second network node that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; sending, by the first network node, a request for wireless energy transfer to the second network node based on receiving the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; and receiving, by the first network node from the second network node, energy for one or more components of the first network node after sending the request for wireless energy transfer.

[0013] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communication includes: sending, by a first network node, an indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer to a second network node; receiving, by the first network node, a request for wireless energy transfer from the second network node; and sending, by the first network node, energy for one or more components of the second network node to the second network node after sending the request for wireless energy transfer.

[0014] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a first network node includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to: send an indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer to a second network node; receive a request for wireless energy transfer from the second network node; and send energy for one or more components of the second network node to the second network node after receiving the request for wireless energy transfer.

[0015] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a first network node includes: means for sending, by the first network node, an indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer to a second network node; means for receiving, by the first network node, a request for wireless energy transfer from the second network node; and means for sending, by the first network node, energy for one or more components of the second network node to the second network node after sending the request for wireless energy transfer.

[0016] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations. The operations include: sending, by a first network node, an indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer to a second network node; receiving, by the first network node, a request for wireless energy transfer from the second network node; and sending, by the first network node, energy for one or more components of the second network node to the second network node after sending the request for wireless energy transfer.

[0017] The features and technical advantages of examples in accordance with the present disclosure have been outlined above rather broadly in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both as to their organization and method of operation, as well as associated advantages, will be better understood when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each of the drawings provided is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not a definition of the limits of the claims.

[0018] While aspects and specific implementations are described by way of some examples in this application, those skilled in the art will understand that additional specific implementations and use cases may arise in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovations described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, packaging arrangements. For example, aspects and / or uses can be implemented via integrated chips and other non-module-component-based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchase devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled devices, etc.). Although some examples may or may not specifically point to use cases or applications, applicability of various types of the described innovations may occur. The scope of specific implementations can range from chip-level or module components to non-module, non-chip-level implementations and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems that incorporate one or more aspects of the described innovations. In some practical environments, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily includes multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The innovations described herein are intended to be practiced in a variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc. having different sizes, shapes, and configurations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the present disclosure can be realized by referring to the following drawings. In the drawings, like components or features may have the same reference numeral. Additionally, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash and a second numeral used to differentiate between like components after the reference numeral. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description applies to any one of the like components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second reference numeral.

[0020] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating details of an example wireless communication system in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0021] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating examples of a base station and a user equipment (UE) in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0022] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an example network node capable of receiving wireless energy transfer in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0023] Figure 4is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication system supporting wireless energy transfer service according to one or more aspects.

[0024] Figure 5 is a block diagram of multiple channels for wireless energy transfer service according to one or more aspects.

[0025] Figure 6 is a block diagram of a wireless energy transfer training signal across multiple channels and antennas according to one or more aspects.

[0026] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example process supporting wireless energy transfer service according to one or more aspects.

[0027] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example process supporting wireless energy transfer service according to one or more aspects.

[0028] Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example process supporting wireless energy transfer service according to one or more aspects.

[0029] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example process supporting wireless energy transfer service according to one or more aspects.

[0030] Figure 11 is a block diagram of an example energy transmitter supporting wireless energy transfer service according to one or more aspects.

[0031] Figure 12 is a block diagram of an example energy receiver supporting wireless energy transfer service according to one or more aspects.

[0032] The same reference numerals and names in the various figures indicate the same elements. Detailed Description

[0033] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. On the contrary, the detailed description includes specific details for providing a thorough understanding of the subject matter of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in every instance and that in some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form for clarity of presentation.

[0034] The present disclosure generally relates to providing or participating in authorized shared access between two or more wireless devices in one or more wireless communication systems (also referred to as wireless communication networks). In various specific implementations, the techniques and apparatuses may be used in wireless communication networks such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) networks, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) networks, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) networks, Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, Single-Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks, LTE networks, GSM networks, Fifth Generation (5G) or New Radio (NR) networks (sometimes referred to as "5G NR" networks, systems or devices), 6G networks, and other communication networks. As used herein, the terms "network" and "system" may be used interchangeably.

[0035] CDMA networks may implement radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), cdma2000, etc. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) and Low Chip Rate (LCR). CDMA2000 covers the IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards.

[0036] For example, TDMA networks may implement radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) defines the standards for the GSM EDGE (Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution) Radio Access Network (RAN) (also known as GERAN). GERAN is the radio component of the network that combines GSM / EDGE with the connections to base stations (such as the Ater and Abis interfaces) and base station controllers (such as the A interface, etc.). The radio access network represents the component of the GSM network through which telephone calls and packet data are routed from the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and the Internet to subscriber handsets (also known as user terminals or User Equipment (UE)) and from subscriber handsets to the PSTN and the Internet. The network of a mobile phone operator may include one or more GERANs, which may be coupled to the UTRAN in the case of a UMTS / GSM network. Additionally, the operator network may also include one or more LTE networks, or one or more other networks. Various different network types may use different Radio Access Technologies (RATs) and RANs.

[0037] OFDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, flash-OFDM, etc. UTRA, E-UTRA, and GSM are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Specifically, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a UMTS version that uses E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, GSM, UMTS, and LTE are described in documents provided by an organization called the "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP), and cdma2000 is described in documents from an organization called the "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). These various radio technologies and standards are known or under development. For example, 3GPP is a cooperation among telecommunications association groups aimed at defining globally applicable third-generation (3G) mobile phone specifications. 3GPP LTE is a 3GPP plan aimed at improving the UMTS mobile phone standard. 3GPP can define specifications for next-generation mobile networks, mobile systems, and mobile devices. Certain aspects of the present disclosure may be described with reference to LTE, 4G, or 5G NR technologies; however, the description is not intended to be limited to a specific technology or application, and one or more aspects described with reference to one technology may be understood to apply to another technology. Additionally, one or more aspects of the present disclosure may relate to shared access to the radio spectrum between networks using different radio access technologies or radio air interfaces.

[0038] 5G networks are expected to have diverse deployments, diverse spectrums, and diverse services and devices that can be implemented using an OFDM-based unified air interface. To achieve these goals, in addition to developing new radio technologies for 5G NR networks, further enhancements to LTE and LTE-A are also considered. 5G NR will be able to scale to provide coverage (1) for massive Internet of Things (IoT) with ultra-high density (e.g., about 1M nodes / km 2 ), ultra-low complexity (e.g., about 10s bits / sec), ultra-low power consumption (e.g., about 10+ year battery life), and deep coverage with the ability to reach challenging locations; (2) including mission-critical control with strong security to protect sensitive personal, financial, or classified information, ultra-high reliability (e.g., about 99.9999% reliability), ultra-low latency (e.g., about 1 millisecond (ms)), and users with a wide range of mobility or lack of mobility; and (3) providing coverage with enhanced mobile broadband (including extremely high capacity (e.g., about 10 Tbps / km 2 ), extremely high data rates (e.g., multi-Gbps rates, 100+ Mbps user experience rate), and deep awareness with advanced discovery and optimization).

[0039] Devices, networks, and systems can be configured to communicate via one or more portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz). The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is typically (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6 GHz" band. Similar naming issues sometimes arise for FR2, where in documents and articles, FR2 is typically (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" (mmWave) band, although it is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz - 300 GHz) identified by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as the "mmWave" band.

[0040] Taking the above aspects into account, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if used herein, terms such as "sub-6 GHz" can broadly represent frequencies that can be less than 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include mid-band frequencies. Additionally, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if used herein, terms such as "mmWave" can broadly represent frequencies that can include mid-band frequencies, can be within FR2, or can be within the EHF band.

[0041] 5G NR devices, networks, and systems can be implemented to use waveform features based on optimized OFDM. These features can include scalable parameter sets and transmission time intervals (TTIs); a common flexible framework for efficiently multiplexing services and features using dynamic, low-latency time division duplex (TDD) designs or frequency division duplex (FDD) designs; and advanced radio technologies such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), robust mmWave transmission, advanced channel decoding, and device-centric mobility. The scalability of parameter sets and the scaling of subcarrier spacing in 5G NR can efficiently address the operation of various services across different spectrums and different deployments. For example, in various outdoor and macro coverage deployments with FDD or TDD below 3 GHz, the subcarrier spacing may occur at 15 kHz, such as for bandwidths exceeding 1 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 20 MHz, etc. For other various outdoor and small cell coverage deployments with TDD above 3 GHz, the subcarrier spacing may occur at 30 kHz for an 80 MHz / 100 MHz bandwidth. For other various indoor broadband implementations, using TDD in the unlicensed portion of the 5 GHz band, the subcarrier spacing may occur at 60 kHz for a 160 MHz bandwidth. Finally, for various deployments transmitting via mmWave components with TDD at 28 GHz, the subcarrier spacing can occur at 120 kHz for a 500 MHz bandwidth.

[0042] The scalable parameter sets of 5G NR facilitate scalable TTIs for diverse latency and quality of service (QoS) requirements. For example, shorter TTIs can be used for low latency and high reliability, while longer TTIs can be used for higher spectral efficiency. The efficient multiplexing of long and short TTIs allows transmissions to start at symbol boundaries. 5G NR also anticipates self-contained integrated subframe designs, where uplink or downlink scheduling information, data, and acknowledgments are located in the same subframe. Self-contained integrated subframes support communication in unlicensed or contention-based shared spectrums, and adaptive uplink or downlink can be flexibly configured on a per-cell basis to dynamically switch between uplink and downlink to meet current traffic demands.

[0043] For clarity, certain aspects of the apparatus and techniques may be described below with reference to example 5G NR implementations or in a 5G-centric manner, and 5G terminology may be used as illustrative examples in parts of the description below; however, the description is not intended to be limited to 5G applications.

[0044] In addition, it should be understood that in operation, a wireless communication network adapted according to the concepts herein can operate using any combination of licensed or unlicensed spectrum depending on load and availability. Thus, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the systems, apparatuses, and methods described herein can be applied to other communication systems and applications beyond the specific examples provided.

[0045] While aspects and specific implementations are described by way of illustration in some examples in this application, those skilled in the art will understand that additional specific implementations and use cases may arise in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovations described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, packaging arrangements. For example, a specific implementation or use can be implemented via an integrated chip or other non-module-component-based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail or point-of-purchase devices, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). While some examples may or may not specifically be directed to a use case or application, various types of applicability of the described innovations may arise. The scope of specific implementations can range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems that incorporate one or more of the described aspects. In some practical environments, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. It is intended that the innovations described herein be implemented in a wide variety of specific implementations of different sizes, shapes, and configurations, including both large and small devices, chip-level components, multi-component systems (e.g., radio frequency (RF) chains, communication interfaces, processors), distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc.

[0046] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating details of an example wireless communication system according to one or more aspects. The wireless communication system can include a wireless network 100. The wireless network 100 can include, for example, a 5G wireless network. As recognized by those skilled in the art, Figure 1 the components that appear therein are likely to have related corresponding components in other network arrangements, including, for example, cellular-style network arrangements as well as non-cellular-style network arrangements (e.g., device-to-device or peer-to-peer or ad-hoc network arrangements, etc.).

[0047] Figure 1The illustrated wireless network 100 includes a number of base stations 105 and other network entities. A base station may be a station that communicates with a UE and may also be referred to as an evolved Node B (eNB), a next-generation eNB (gNB), an access point, etc. Each base station 105 provides communication coverage for a specific geographical area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" may refer to the specific geographical coverage area of a base station or the base station subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In a particular implementation of the wireless network 100 herein, the base stations 105 may be associated with the same operator or different operators (e.g., the wireless network 100 may include multiple operator wireless networks). Additionally, in a particular implementation of the wireless network 100 herein, the base stations 105 may use one or more of the same frequencies as adjacent cells (e.g., one or more frequency bands in licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination thereof) to provide wireless communication. In some examples, an individual base station 105 or UE 115 may be operated by more than one network operation entity. In some other examples, each base station 105 and UE 115 may be operated by a single network operation entity.

[0048] A base station may provide communication coverage for a macro cell or a small cell (e.g., a pico cell or a femto cell) or other types of cells. A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographical area (e.g., with a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs having a service subscription with the network provider. A small cell (such as a pico cell) generally covers a relatively small geographical area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs having a service subscription with the network provider. A small cell (such as a femto cell) generally also covers a relatively small geographical area (e.g., a home) and may provide restricted access by UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), UEs of users in a home, etc.) in addition to unrestricted access. A base station for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro base station. A base station for a small cell may be referred to as a small cell base station, a pico base station, a femto base station, or a home base station. In Figure 1 the example shown, base stations 105d and 105e are conventional macro base stations, while base stations 105a - 105c are macro base stations implemented using one of 3-dimensional (3D), full-dimensional (FD), or massive MIMO. Base stations 105a - 105c utilize their higher-dimensional MIMO capabilities to employ 3D beamforming in elevation and azimuth beamforming to increase coverage and capacity. Base station 105f is a small cell base station, which may be a home node or a portable access point. A base station may support one or more (e.g., two, three, four, etc.) cells.

[0049] The wireless network 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operations. For synchronous operations, the base stations may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operations, the base stations may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations may not be aligned in time. In some cases, the network may be enabled or configured to handle dynamic switching between synchronous and asynchronous operations.

[0050] UEs 115 are scattered throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. It should be understood that although in the standards and specifications promulgated by 3GPP, a mobile device is generally referred to as a UE, such a device may additionally or otherwise be referred to by those skilled in the art as a mobile station (MS), subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, radio unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal (AT), mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, cellular phone, terminal, user agent, mobile client, client, gaming device, augmented reality device, vehicle component, vehicle device, or vehicle module or some other suitable term. In this document, a "mobile" device or UE does not necessarily have the ability to move and may be stationary. Some non-limiting examples of mobile devices may include, for example, specific implementations of one or more UEs 115, including mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, laptop computers, personal computers (PCs), notebooks, netbooks, smartbooks, tablet computers, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). Mobile devices may additionally be IoT or "Internet of Everything" (IoE) devices, such as cars or other transportation vehicles, satellite radios, global positioning system (GPS) devices, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) devices, logistics controllers, drones, multi-rotor helicopters, quad-rotor helicopters, smart energy or security devices, solar panels or solar cell arrays, city lighting, water supply, or other infrastructure; industrial automation and enterprise equipment; consumer and wearable devices, such as glasses, wearable cameras, smart watches, health or fitness trackers, mammalian implantable devices, gesture tracking devices, medical devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, gaming consoles, etc.; and digital home or smart home devices, such as home audio, video, and multimedia devices, appliances, sensors, vending machines, smart lighting, home security systems, smart meters, etc. In one aspect, a UE may be a device that includes a universal integrated circuit card (UICC). In another aspect, a UE may be a device that does not include a UICC. In some aspects, a UE that does not include a UICC may also be referred to as an IoE device. Figure 1The exemplary UEs 115a - 115d in [description] are examples of mobile smart - phone - type devices accessing the wireless network 100. The UE can also be a machine specifically configured for connecting communications, including machine - type communication (MTC), enhanced MTC (eMTC), narrow - band IoT (NB - IoT), etc. Figure 1 The UEs 115e to 115k exemplified in [description] are examples of various machines configured for communication that access the wireless network 100.

[0051] A mobile device (such as UE 115) may be capable of communicating with any type of base station, whether it is a macro - base station, a pico - base station, a femto - base station, a relay station, etc. In Figure 1 [description], the communication link (represented as a lightning bolt) indicates a wireless transmission between the UE and the serving base station (the base station designated to serve the UE on the downlink or uplink), a desired transmission between base stations, and a backhaul transmission between base stations. The UE can operate as a base station or other network node in some scenarios. The backhaul communication between the base stations of the wireless network 100 can be carried out using wired or wireless communication links.

[0052] In operation, at the wireless network 100, the base stations 105a - 105c use 3D beamforming and cooperative spatial techniques (such as coordinated multipoint (CoMP) or multi - connection) to serve the UEs 115a and 115b. The macro - base station 105d performs backhaul communication with the base stations 105a - 105c and the small cell (base station 105f). The macro - base station 105d also transmits multicast services subscribed to and received by the UEs 115c and 115d. Such multicast services may include mobile TV or streaming video, or may include other services for providing community information, such as weather emergencies or alerts, such as Amber alerts or Gray alerts.

[0053] The specifically implemented wireless network 100 supports mission-critical communications with ultra-reliable and redundant links for mission-critical devices such as this UE 115e acting as a drone. The redundant communication links with UE 115e include links from macro base stations 105d and 105e and small cell base station 105f. Other machine type devices such as UE 115f (thermometer), UE 115g (smart meter), and UE 115h (wearable device) can communicate directly with base stations such as small cell base station 105f and macro base station 105e through the wireless network 100, or in a multi-hop configuration by communicating with another user equipment that relays its information to the network. For example, UE 115f communicates temperature measurement information to smart meter UE 115g, and then reports it to the network through small cell base station 105f. The wireless network 100 can also provide additional network efficiency through dynamic, low-latency TDD communication or low-latency FDD communication (e.g., in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) mesh network between UEs 115i - 115k communicating with macro base station 105e).

[0054] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating examples of base station 105 and UE 115 according to one or more aspects. Base station 105 and UE 115 can be Figure 1 any one of the base stations in and one of the UEs in. For the restricted association scenario (as described above), base station 105 can be Figure 1 small cell base station 105f in, and UE 115 can be UE 115c or 115d operating in the service area of base station 105f, which will be included in the list of accessible UEs of small cell base station 105f for accessing small cell base station 105f. Base station 105 can also be some other type of base station. As Figure 2 shown, base station 105 can be equipped with antennas 234a to 234t, and UE 115 can be equipped with antennas 252a to 252r for facilitating wireless communication.

[0055] At base station 105, transmit processor 220 may receive data from data source 212 and control information from controller 240, such as a processor. The control information may be for a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), a physical hybrid ARQ (automatic repeat request) indicator channel (PHICH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), an enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH), an MTC physical downlink control channel (MPDCCH), etc. The data may be for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), etc. Additionally, transmit processor 220 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information respectively to obtain data symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 may also generate, for example, reference symbols for a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and cell-specific reference signals. Transmit (TX) MIMO processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding), if applicable, on the data symbols, control symbols, or reference symbols, and may provide an output symbol stream to modulators (MOD) 232a through 232t. For example, the spatial processing performed on the data symbols, control symbols, or reference symbols may include precoding. Each modulator 232 may process (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) the corresponding output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Additionally or alternatively, each modulator 232 may process the output sample stream (e.g., perform analog-to-digital conversion, amplification, filtering, and upconversion thereon) to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signals from modulators 232a through 232t may be transmitted via antennas 234a through 234t respectively.

[0056] At UE 115, antennas 252a through 252r may receive the downlink signals from base station 105, and may provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMOD) 254a through 254r respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) the corresponding received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain the received symbols. MIMO detector 256 may obtain the received symbols from demodulators 254a through 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols when needed, and provide the detected symbols. Receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide the decoded data for UE 115 to data sink 260, and provide the decoded control information to controller 280, such as a processor.

[0057] On the uplink, at the UE 115, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from the data source 262 (e.g., for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) and control information from the controller 280 (e.g., for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)). Additionally, the transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be pre-coded by the TX MIMO processor 266 when needed, further processed by the modulators 254a to 254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to the base station 105. At the base station 105, the uplink signals from the UE 115 may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the demodulator 232, detected by the MIMO detector 236 when needed, and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain the decoded data and control information transmitted by the UE 115. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to the data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller 240.

[0058] The controllers 240 and 280 may direct operations at the base station 105 and the UE 115, respectively. The controller 240 or other processors and modules at the base station 105 or the controller 280 or other processors and modules at the UE 115 may execute or direct the execution of various processes for the techniques described herein, such as executing or directing Figures 7 to 10 the illustrated execution or other processes for the techniques described herein. The memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for the base station 105 and the UE 115, respectively. The scheduler 244 may schedule the UE for data transmission on the downlink or uplink.

[0059] In some cases, the UE 115 and the base station 105 may operate in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, which may include licensed or unlicensed (e.g., contention-based) spectrum. In the unlicensed frequency portion of the shared radio frequency spectrum band, the UE 115 or the base station 105 may traditionally perform a medium sensing process to compete for access to the spectrum. For example, the UE 115 or the base station 105 may perform a listen-before-talk or listen-before-transmit (LBT) process (such as an idle channel assessment (CCA)) before communication to determine whether the shared channel is available. In some embodiments, the CCA may include an energy detection process to determine whether there is any other active transmission. For example, a device may infer that a change in the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of a power meter indicates that the channel is occupied. In particular, signal power concentrated in a certain bandwidth and exceeding a predetermined noise floor may indicate another wireless transmitter. The CCA may also include the detection of a specific sequence indicating the use of the channel. For example, another device may transmit a specific preamble before transmitting a data sequence. In some cases, the LBT process may include a wireless node adjusting its own backoff window based on the amount of energy detected on the channel or the acknowledgment / negative acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) feedback for its own transmitted packets (as an indication of a collision).

[0060] The deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G new radio (NR) system) can be arranged with various components or constituent parts in a variety of ways. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, mobility elements of the network, radio access network (RAN) nodes, core network nodes, network elements, or network equipment (such as a base station (BS)) or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functions may be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a BS (such as a node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), transmit receive point (TRP), or cell, etc.) may be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as a stand-alone BS or monolithic BS) or a disaggregated base station.

[0061] A converged base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A decomposed base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units, such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs). In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed among one or more other RAN nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU may also be implemented as a virtual unit, i.e., a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0062] Base station type operations or network designs may consider the converged characteristics of base station functionality. For example, a decomposed base station may be utilized in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN, such as a network configuration as advocated by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)). Decomposition may include distributing functionality across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as virtually distributing the functionality of at least one unit, which may enable flexibility in network design. The various units of a decomposed base station or a decomposed RAN architecture may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.

[0063] A wireless communication network, such as Figure 1A wireless network 100 or other 5G, 6G, or other wireless communication network) may support a wireless energy transfer service that transfers energy from one or more energy transmitters, such as a base station, to one or more energy receivers, such as a UE. For example, the wireless energy transfer service may allow an energy receiver to receive an indication of support for wireless energy transfer from one or more energy transmitters, send a request for energy transfer to one or more energy transmitters, participate in a training process to facilitate efficient transfer of wireless energy, and receive energy transmitted from one or more energy transmitters. Such operations may allow the energy receiver to operate one or more components using the energy transmitted by the energy transmitter via the wireless network and may allow the energy receiver to store the energy in one or more energy storage components, such as a battery or capacitor, for future use. Such energy transfer capabilities may be particularly useful in embodiments where the energy receiver includes a radio frequency identification (RFID) device, such as an IoT device, having a limited internal power storage capacity or no internal power storage capacity. For example, energy transfer via a wireless network may allow a UE, such as an IoT device or other UE, including an RFID tag, to be designed with little or no internal power storage capacity, which may reduce the cost of the UE, allow the UE to be produced in a smaller form factor, and allow the UE to continue operating even when the internal power storage is depleted.

[0064] Figure 1The wireless network 100 can support wireless energy transfer services for sending energy to one or more UEs, such as cellular phones, IoT or IoE devices, or other UEs. For example, in addition to or instead of being a macro base station, the base station 105d can be a sub-6 GHz gNB. Additionally, in addition to or instead of a macro base station enabling one of 3D (three-dimensional), FD (full-dimensional), or massive MIMO, the base stations 105a - 105c can be millimeter-wave-enabled gNBs providing millimeter-wave backhaul. The base stations 105a - 105c can also be used as RUs (remote units) in the RAN (radio access network) context and can communicate with the DU 122 and CU 124 wirelessly or through a wired connection. The base stations 105a - 105c and 105d can communicate with the base station 105f, which, in addition to or instead of being a small cell base station, can also be a smart repeater and can provide side control information for efficient network operation. For example, time division duplex (TDD) information, on-off information, and spatial information can be provided to the base station 105f to enhance network coverage. The use of such repeaters can provide enhanced coverage and signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) operation through intelligent control of the relay of signals from the base stations 105a - 105d. The reflector 120 can be, for example, a passive reflector for extending the range of the base station 105c. For example, the reflector 120 can reflect signals from the base station 105c and the UE 115c. The base stations 105a - 105d and 105f can communicate with the UEs 115a - 115k and can perform wireless power transfer to such UEs 115a - 115k.

[0065] Some network nodes such as UEs can include radio frequency energy harvesting circuits, such as RFID (radio frequency identification) circuits, for harvesting wireless energy through the air (such as through transmission from one or more energy transmitters such as one or more base stations). The energy transmitter and the energy receiver can also be referred to as network nodes. The wireless energy transmission signal in such applications can be backscatter modulated. As a specific example, the use of RFID technology is growing rapidly, with applications in inventory / asset management inside and outside warehouses, IoT, sustainable sensor networks in factories and / or agriculture, and smart homes. In some embodiments, the RFID circuit can operate at low operating costs without battery power, with low maintenance costs and long device lifetimes.

[0066] A specific example of the application of wireless energy transfer services is in passive IoT applications. As 5G and other wireless network implementations such as 6G expand to applications beyond enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), such as ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) and machine-type communication (MTC), wireless networks may include enhanced functionality to support passive IoT capabilities for applications in asset management, logistics, warehousing, manufacturing, etc. For example, in some passive IoT implementations, a base station such as a gNB may read and write information stored on a passive IoT device and provide energy to the passive IoT device. In some cases, reflectors may be used to extend the range of the base station, allowing information-bearing signals for transmission to the passive IoT device to be reflected to the base station and allowing information-bearing signals reflected from the base station to be received from the passive IoT device.

[0067] A network node that sends energy through a wireless energy transfer service, such as a base station, may be referred to as an energy transmitter, and a network node that receives energy through a wireless energy transfer service, such as a UE, may be referred to as an energy receiver. A UE including an RFID energy harvesting circuit is an example of an energy receiver. Figure 3 An example energy receiver 300 is shown. Figure 3 The features shown may be integrated in a UE such as with respect to Figures 1 to 2In the described UE. In some embodiments, an energy receiver such as a UE including an RFID circuit may include a small transponder called a tag that transmits an information-bearing signal when receiving a signal. The tag can be passive, i.e., harvesting energy through the air without energy storage capacity; semi-passive, i.e., harvesting energy through the air with some energy storage capacity; or active, i.e., capable of harvesting energy through the air with a large amount of energy storage capacity. For example, an active tag may include transceiver functionality that has the ability to participate in regular signal transmission and reception activities and operate in the ultra-high frequency range such as 902 MHz - 928 MHz and the microwave frequency range such as 2400 MHz - 2483.5 MHz and 5725 MHz - 5850 MHz. The active tag may also include a battery or capacitive energy storage to increase the reliability of communication and the sensitivity of the energy harvesting circuit. In some cases, the active tag may be connected to other external power sources. The semi-passive tag may include a battery or capacitive energy storage, but may include transponder functionality rather than full transceiver functionality, and may communicate using a backscatter channel at ultra-high frequencies such as 902 MHz - 928 MHz and microwave frequencies such as 2400 MHz - 2483.5 MHz and 5725 MHz - 5850 MHz. The semi-passive tag may also have inductive coupling capabilities for charging at high frequencies such as 13.56 MHz and low frequencies such as 125 kHz or 134 kHz. The passive tag may not include energy storage capabilities and may otherwise include functionality similar to that of the semi-passive tag. In addition, the passive tag may include surface acoustic wave functionality at microwave frequencies such as 2400 MHz - 2483.5 MHz. A specific example of a passive tag implementation is to include such a tag in a passive IoT device.

[0068] As Figure 3As shown, the energy receiver 300 can receive energy transmitted by an energy transmitter via a wireless network such as a 5G or 6G wireless network. The energy receiver 300 can include an antenna 302 for receiving signals such as energy transfer signals or signaling related to energy transfer. The energy receiver 300 can include an impedance matching module 306 for performing impedance matching based on the received energy signal. The demodulator 310 can demodulate one or more signals received by the energy receiver 300. The energy harvesting circuit 308 can include, for example, one or more diodes or rectifiers for converting the energy received via the antenna 302 for use by the energy receiver 300. The regulator 312 can regulate the received energy converted by the energy harvesting circuit 308 to provide a regulated voltage and current to power the controller 314. The regulated energy can be used to power the controller 314, which can interpret the demodulated signals received from the demodulator 310 and can control one or more sensors 316 and other components of the energy receiver 300. For example, the energy receiver 300 can be a wireless sensing UE including one or more passive sensors 316 or can be included in the wireless sensing UE. The controller 314 can further control the modulator 304 to modulate signals for transmission via the antenna 302 to the energy transmitter, such as to a base station. Such signals can include, for example, sensor data from the sensors 316. The signal transmitted by the antenna 302 can be, for example, a backscatter-modulated information signal. If the energy receiver 300 is a semi-passive or active RF tag, the energy output from the energy harvesting circuit 308 can be further stored by the energy receiver 300. For example, the boost converter 318 can boost and convert the voltage output from the energy harvesting circuit 308 for storage at the energy storage 320. The energy storage 320 can include, for example, one or more capacitors, one or more batteries, or other energy storage components. When the energy is stored, the energy storage 320 can be used to power the controller 314, the sensors 316, and other components of the energy receiver 300.

[0069] Due to the diodes included in the energy harvesting circuit, the power output by the energy harvesting circuit 308 can be, for example, non-linear with respect to the power input to the energy harvesting circuit 308. For example, the input power to the energy harvesting circuit 308 can be greater than -20 dBM, such as -10 dBm, to activate the energy harvesting circuit 308, such as to overcome the sensitivity voltage of one or more diodes of the energy harvesting circuit 308. Due to the diode junction capacitance and resistance of one or more diodes included in the energy harvesting circuit 308, the energy harvesting module 308 can operate with higher efficiency at lower power transmission and reception frequencies. For example, the energy harvesting circuit 308 can have a frequency-selective conversion efficiency.

[0070] Figure 4is a block diagram of an example wireless communication system 400 that supports wireless energy transfer services according to one or more aspects. In some examples, the wireless communication system 400 may implement aspects of the wireless network 100. The wireless communication system 400 includes an energy receiver 402 and an energy transmitter 404. The energy receiver 402 can be, for example, a UE, such as a passive device, a semi-passive device including an energy storage device, a device with a rechargeable battery, or other UE. As a specific example, the energy receiver 402 can be a passive IoT device. The energy transmitter 404 can be, for example, a base station, a gNB, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a repeater such as a smart repeater, or an energy emitter. The UE 115 can be an example of the energy receiver 402, and the base station 105 can be an example of the energy transmitter 404. Although one energy receiver 402 and one energy transmitter 404 are illustrated, in some other specific implementations, the wireless communication system 400 generally may include multiple energy receivers 402 and may include more than one energy transmitter 404. In some specific implementations, when the energy receiver is not in close proximity to the energy transmitter 404, ambient harvesting of RF energy may be infeasible for the energy receiver 402 due to lack of power density. Thus, wireless energy transfer services can facilitate energy transfer from one or more energy transmitters 404 to one or more energy receivers 402.

[0071] The energy receiver 402 may include various components (such as structural components, hardware components) for performing one or more functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors 406 (collectively referred to hereinafter as "processor 406"), one or more memory devices 408 (collectively referred to hereinafter as "memory 408"), one or more transmitters 418 (collectively referred to hereinafter as "transmitter 418"), and one or more receivers 420 (collectively referred to hereinafter as "receiver 420"). The processor 406 may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 408 to perform the operations described herein. In some specific implementations, the processor 406 includes or corresponds to one or more of the receiving processor 258, the transmitting processor 264, and the controller 280, and the memory 408 includes or corresponds to the memory 282.

[0072] The memory 408 includes or is configured to store training information 410 and energy transfer information 412. The training information 410 may include, for example, wireless energy transfer training information received from the energy transmitter 404, such as one or more training parameters or measurements performed on one or more energy signals received from the energy transmitter 404. The training parameters may include, for example, the length of a training session between the energy receiver 402 and the energy transmitter 404, feedback resources for sending training feedback, such as wireless energy transfer parameters determined based on received wireless energy transfer training information, information about one or more frequency bands for sending energy training signals, information about one or more channels of one or more frequency bands for sending energy training signals, information about one or more antennas that the energy transmitter 404 will use to send energy training signals, or information about one or more beamforming, precoding, or optimized waveform (such as continuous waveform or multi-sine waveform) parameters that the energy transmitter 404 will use to send energy training signals. The energy transfer information 412 may include, for example, energy transfer parameters determined by the energy receiver 402 based on wireless energy transmission training signals received from the energy transmitter 404 during a training session. For example, the energy receiver 402 may perform one or more measurements on the wireless energy transmission training signals sent by the energy transmitter 404 during a training session and store these measurements as the energy transfer information 412. In some embodiments, the energy transfer information 412 may include information indicating one or more channels, frequency bands, beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, or optimized waveform parameters that can be used to transfer energy from the energy transmitter 404 to the energy receiver 402. For example, the channel, frequency band, beamforming parameter, or optimized waveform parameter of the energy transfer information 412 may be determined based on measurements performed by the energy receiver 402 on one or more wireless energy transmission training signals during a training session. In some embodiments, the energy transfer information 412 may include an identifier of the energy receiver 402, one or more parameters of the energy harvesting circuit of the energy receiver 402 (such as information indicating one or more frequency bands, waveform configurations, beamforming configurations, or precoding configurations in which the energy harvesting circuit can operate with higher efficiency), one or more input powers at which the energy harvesting circuit of the energy receiver 402 can operate with higher efficiency, the amount of energy to be requested by the energy receiver 402 (such as the amount of energy required to power one or more components of the energy receiver 402 or the amount of energy required to fully or partially charge the energy storage component 422 of the energy receiver 402), the duration of a wireless energy transfer session to be requested from the energy transmitter 404, the amount of energy to be requested from the energy transmitter 404 (such as a rough amount of wireless energy to be requested, e.g., 5 mJ or 100 mJ), or other energy transfer information 412.

[0073] The transmitter 418 is configured to send reference signals, control information, and data to one or more other devices, and the receiver 420 is configured to receive reference signals, synchronization signals, control information, and data from one or more other devices. For example, the transmitter 418 may send signaling, control information, and data to the energy transmitter 404, and the receiver 420 may receive signaling, control information, and data from the energy transmitter. In some embodiments, the transmitter 418 and the receiver 420 may be integrated in one or more transceivers. The transmitter 418 and the receiver 420 may alternatively be integrated as a single transponder. The transmitter 418 and the receiver 420 may communicate with the energy transmitter 404 using backscatter modulation. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 418 or the receiver 420 may include or correspond to one or more components of the UE 115 described in reference Figure 2 to one or more of the components.

[0074] The energy transfer training module 414 may include instructions or logic for participating in an energy transfer training process with the energy transmitter 404. For example, when the energy receiver 402 requests wireless energy transfer, the energy transmitter 404 may send one or more wireless energy transfer signals, such as wireless energy transfer training signals, and the energy transfer training module 414 may include instructions for performing one or more measurements on the one or more wireless energy transfer signals and for determining wireless energy transfer parameters based on the signals to be sent to the energy transmitter 404. The energy transfer module 416 may include instructions or logic for participating in a wireless energy transfer session with the energy transmitter 404. The energy storage 422 may include one or more batteries or capacitors for storing the energy received from the energy transmitter 404.

[0075] The energy transmitter 404 may include various components (such as structural components, hardware components) for performing one or more functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors 424 (collectively referred to hereinafter as "processor 424"), one or more memory devices 426 (collectively referred to hereinafter as "memory 426"), one or more transmitters 436 (collectively referred to hereinafter as "transmitter 436"), and one or more receivers 438 (collectively referred to hereinafter as "receiver 438"). The processor 424 may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 426 to perform the operations described herein. In some embodiments, the processor 424 includes or corresponds to one or more of the receive processor 238, the transmit processor 220, and the controller 240, and the memory 426 includes or corresponds to the memory 242.

[0076] The memory 426 includes or is configured to store training information 428 and energy transfer information 430. The training information 428 may include, for example, wireless energy transfer training information to be sent to the energy receiver 402, such as one or more training parameters or measurements performed on one or more energy signals sent from the energy transmitter 402 to the energy transmitter 404. The training parameters may include, for example, the length of the training session between the energy receiver 402 and the energy transmitter 404, feedback resources for sending training feedback, such as wireless energy transfer parameters determined based on receiving the wireless energy transfer training information, information about one or more frequency bands for sending energy training signals, information about one or more channels of one or more frequency bands for sending energy training signals, information about one or more antennas that the energy transmitter 404 will use to send energy training signals, information about one or more beamforming, precoding, or optimized waveform (such as continuous waveform or multi-sine waveform) parameters that the energy transmitter 404 will use to send energy training signals. The energy transfer information 430 may include, for example, energy transfer parameters determined by the energy receiver 402 based on receiving wireless energy transmission training signals from the energy transmitter 404 during the training session. For example, the energy receiver 402 may perform one or more measurements on the wireless energy transmission training signals sent by the energy transmitter 404 during the training session and send these measurements to the energy transmitter 404 to be stored as the energy transfer information 430. In some embodiments, the energy transfer information 430 may include information indicating one or more channels, frequency bands, beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, or optimized waveform parameters that can be used to transfer energy from the energy transmitter 404 to the energy receiver 402. For example, the channel, frequency band, beamforming parameter, or optimized waveform parameter of the energy transfer information 412 may be determined by the energy receiver 402 based on measurements performed on one or more wireless energy transmission training signals during the training session by the energy receiver 402 and may be sent to the energy transmitter 404. In some embodiments, the energy transfer information 430 may include an identifier of the energy receiver 402, one or more parameters of the energy harvesting circuit of the energy receiver 402 (such as information indicating one or more frequency bands, waveform configurations, beamforming configurations, or precoding configurations in which the energy harvesting circuit can operate with higher efficiency), one or more input powers at which the energy harvesting circuit of the energy receiver 402 can operate with higher efficiency, the amount of energy requested by the energy receiver 402 (such as the amount of energy required to power one or more components of the energy receiver 402 or the amount of energy required to fully or partially charge the energy storage component 422 of the energy receiver 402), the duration of the requested wireless energy transfer session from the energy transmitter 404, the amount of energy requested from the energy transmitter 404 (such as a rough amount of requested wireless energy transfer energy, e.g., 5 mJ or 100 mJ), or other energy transfer information 430.

[0077] The transmitter 436 is configured to send reference signals, synchronization signals, control information, and data to one or more other devices, and the receiver 438 is configured to receive reference signals, control information, and data from one or more other devices. For example, the transmitter 436 may send signaling, control information, and data to the energy receiver 402, and the receiver 438 may receive signaling, control information, and data from the energy receiver. In some embodiments, the transmitter 436 and the receiver 438 may be integrated in one or more transceivers. The transmitter 436 and the receiver 438 may communicate with the energy receiver 402 using backscatter modulation. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 436 or the receiver 438 may include or correspond to one or more components of the base station 105 described in the reference Figure 2 described.

[0078] The energy transfer training module 432 may include instructions or logic for participating in an energy transfer training process with the energy receiver 402. For example, when the energy receiver 402 requests wireless energy transfer, the energy transmitter 404 may send one or more wireless energy transfer signals, such as wireless energy transfer training signals, and the energy transfer training module 432 may include instructions for sending such signals. The energy transfer module 434 may include instructions or logic for participating in a wireless energy transfer session with the energy receiver 402.

[0079] In some embodiments, the wireless communication system 400 implements a 5G NR network, a 6G network, or other wireless networks. For example, the wireless communication system 400 may include multiple 5G-capable UEs 115, or energy receivers and multiple 5G-capable base stations 105 or energy transmitters, such as UEs and base stations configured to operate according to 5G NR network protocols defined, for example, by 3GPP.

[0080] During operation of the wireless communication system 400, the energy transmitter 404 may send a wireless energy transfer support message 440. The wireless energy transfer support message 440 may include energy transfer information 430. The energy receiver 402 may receive the wireless energy transfer support message 440 and may send a wireless energy transfer service request 442. For example, if the energy receiver requires wireless energy, the energy receiver may respond to the wireless energy transfer support message 440 with a wireless energy transfer service request 442. Such a request may include an identifier of the energy receiver 402, information indicating parameters of the energy harvesting circuit of the energy receiver 402, information indicating the amount of energy requested, information indicating the time period for which energy transfer is requested, or other information.

[0081] In some embodiments, when the energy transmitter 404 receives a wireless energy transfer service request 442, the energy transmitter 404 may send a wireless energy transfer training transmission 444. In some embodiments, the wireless energy transfer training transmission 444 may include training information 428, such as an indication of the length of the training session or the feedback resources for the energy receiver 402 to use to feedback the results of the training session to the energy transmitter 404. In some embodiments, the wireless energy transfer training transmission 444 may include one or more wireless energy transfer signals on one or more frequency bands or channels, such as wireless energy transfer training signals. In some embodiments, sending the wireless energy transfer training transmission 444 may include sending the wireless energy transfer training signals using multiple different antennas, beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, or optimized waveform parameters. In some embodiments, the training information 428 may be sent in the wireless energy transfer training transmission 444 before sending one or more wireless energy transfer training signals. The energy receiver 402 may receive the wireless energy transfer training transmission 444 and may perform one or more measurements on one or more wireless energy transfer training signals of the wireless energy transfer training transmission. When the training session ends, the energy receiver 402 may send a wireless energy transfer parameter message 446. The wireless energy transfer parameter message 446 may include, for example, energy transfer information 412 and / or training information 410, such as an indication of channels, frequency bands, antennas, beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, optimized waveform parameters, or other parameters determined based on the wireless energy transfer training transmission 444 for use by the energy transmitter 404 in wireless energy transmission to the energy receiver 404.

[0082] Then, the energy transmitter 404 may send a wireless energy transfer signal 448 to send energy to the energy receiver 402. The energy receiver 402 may receive the wireless energy transfer signal 448 and may use the energy of the wireless energy transfer signal 448 to charge the energy storage device 422 and / or power one or more components of the energy receiver 402. The wireless energy transfer signal 448 may be sent on one or more channels or frequency bands. When the energy receiver 402 has received sufficient energy (such as a sufficient amount of energy to power one or more components to perform a desired task or charge the energy storage device 422), the energy receiver 402 may send a wireless energy transfer termination message 450 to terminate the energy transfer from the energy transmitter 404 to the energy receiver 402. After receiving the wireless energy transfer termination message 450, the energy transmitter 404 may stop sending the wireless energy transfer signal 448. Thus, the energy transmitter 404 may send energy through the wireless network to power one or more components of the energy receiver 402.

[0083] Multiple channels of the network may be reserved for communication related to the wireless energy transfer service and for the transmission of wireless energy signals.Figure 5 An example frequency curve graph 500 of multiple channels for wireless energy transfer services is shown. In some embodiments, a first channel 508 of a first frequency band 502 may be reserved for communications related to wireless energy transfer services, such as for the transmission of indications of wireless energy transfer support, requests for wireless energy transfer, and other indications. In some embodiments, such communications may be sent using legacy channels such as the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), the Master Information Block (MIB), or the System Information Block (SIB). In some embodiments, the first channel 508 may be reserved for an energy transmitter to broadcast an indication that the energy transmitter supports wireless energy transfer, and for one or more energy receivers to provide feedback, such as an indication of parameters for wireless energy transfer determined for a wireless energy transfer training session, and a request for wireless energy transfer. In some embodiments, multiple channels 510-524 of multiple frequency bands 502-506 may be reserved for the transmission of energy, such as for the transmission of energy transfer signals. For example, a broadcast message on the first channel 508 may indicate the number of channels 510-524 for wireless energy transfer and the corresponding frequency bands 502-506 of each of these channels. Such frequency bands may be, for example, 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, and other frequency bands.

[0084] In a wireless energy transfer training session, an energy transmitter may send energy transfer signals on one or more channels of one or more frequency bands to allow for the determination of preferred parameters for energy transfer in the energy transfer session. Figure 6An example transmit plot 600 for a wireless energy transfer training session is shown. As an example, an energy transmitter may use multiple antennas such as first antenna 608 and second antenna 610 to transmit an energy transfer signal, such as energy transfer training signals 612 - 630, to an energy receiver. Such signals 612 - 630 may be transmitted on multiple channels such as first channel 602, second channel 604, and third channel 606. Such signals 612 - 630 may also be transmitted using different precoding parameters, different beamforming parameters, or different optimized waveform parameters. For example, a first signal 612 using a first precoding, beamforming, and optimized waveform configuration may be transmitted on the first channel 602 using the first antenna 608, a second signal 618 using the same configuration may be transmitted on the second channel 604 using the first antenna 608, and a third signal 624 using the same configuration may be transmitted on the third channel 606 using the second antenna 610. Similarly, a fourth signal 614 using a second precoding, beamforming, and optimized waveform configuration may be transmitted on the first channel 602 using the first antenna 608, a fifth signal 620 using the same configuration may be transmitted on the second channel 604 using the first antenna 608, and a sixth signal 628 using the same configuration may be transmitted on the third channel 606 using the second antenna 610. Additionally, a seventh signal 616 using a third precoding, beamforming, and optimized waveform configuration may be transmitted on the first channel 602 using the first antenna 608, an eighth signal 622 using the same configuration may be transmitted on the second channel 604 using the first antenna 608, and a ninth signal 630 using the same configuration may be transmitted on the third channel 606 using the second antenna 610. Although Figure 6 nine signals with three different configurations over three channels using two antennas are shown, fewer or more signals with fewer or more configurations transmitted over fewer or more channels and antennas may be used for a wireless energy transfer training session.

[0085] Figure 7 is a flow diagram that illustrates an example process 700 for supporting a wireless energy transfer service in accordance with one or more aspects. Operations of process 700 may be performed by a network node such as an energy receiver. For example, operations of process 700 may be performed by the UE 115 described above with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 or an energy receiver as described with reference to Figures 3 to 4 、 Figure 12 For example, operations of process 700 (also referred to as "blocks") may enable the UE 115 to support a wireless energy transfer service.

[0086] At block 702, a first network node may receive an indication that a second network node supports a wireless energy transfer service. The first network node may be, for example, an energy receiver such as a UE, and the second network node may be, for example, an energy transmitter such as a base station. The indication that the second network node supports a wireless energy transfer service may be received, for example, in a backscatter modulation transmission and / or broadcast on a channel reserved for communication related to the wireless energy transfer service. For example, the indication may be broadcast on legacy channels such as the PBCH, MIB, or SIB. The indication may include an indication of the maximum deliverable energy supported by the second network node, an indication of the transmit energy of the second network node, an indication of one or more frequency bands (such as the 900 MHz band, 2.4 GHz band, or other bands) supported by the second network node for wireless energy transfer, and / or an indication of one or more channels supported by the second network node for wireless energy transfer. For example, the indication may include an indication of the number of channels reserved for wireless energy transfer in a particular frequency band. In some embodiments, the indication may include an identifier of the second network node and / or an identifier of the service associated with the second network node, such as the vendor associated with the second network node. The identifier of the second network node and / or the identifier of the service associated with the second network node may be used for security and / or payment-related processes similar to those of a public land mobile network (PLMN). In some embodiments, the indication may include an indication that the second network node serves only certain energy receivers and / or gives certain energy receivers priority over other energy receivers. In some embodiments, an energy signal may be broadcast by the second network node and received by the first network node prior to the transmission of the indication to provide power to the first network node for the reception, decoding, or processing of the indication.

[0087] At block 704, a first network node may send a request for wireless energy transfer based on receiving an indication that a second network node supports wireless energy transfer. Such a request may include preferred service parameters of the first network node. For example, such a request may include an indication of an identifier of the first network node, an indication of the amount of energy requested, an indication of the duration of the requested energy transfer, and / or an indication of the energy storage capacity of the first network node. The indication of the identifier of the first network node may be used, for example, for payment and / or for PLMN selection. The request may also include information about the energy harvesting circuitry of the first network node, such as an identifier of the energy harvesting circuitry or an indication of preferred service parameters associated with the energy harvesting circuitry, such as a preferred carrier frequency or frequency band or a preferred waveform configuration. For example, some energy harvesting circuits may operate with higher efficiency when energy is transmitted in the 900 MHz or 2.4 GHz frequency bands or using a multi-sine or continuous waveform configuration. Similarly, some energy harvesting circuits may operate with higher efficiency at certain input powers such as 0 dBm or 5 dBm. Such parameters may be indicated to the second network node in the request for wireless energy. In some embodiments, the second network node may estimate the input power at maximum efficiency at the second network node by performing one or more RSSI or reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements on the sent request for wireless energy transfer, and may determine the power for sending wireless energy to the first network node based on such measurements (such as by performing a rough power estimate). In some embodiments, the request may include an indication of a rough amount of the requested wireless energy transfer such as 5 mJ or 100 mJ. Such an amount may vary based on the storage capacity of the first network node, the charge state of one or more energy storage components of the first network node, and / or the amount of energy required to power the first network node. The second network node may estimate the duration of the service based on the amount of the requested wireless energy. Thus, the request for wireless energy transfer may be sent in response to receiving an indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer, and may include one or more parameters for use by the second network node when sending wireless energy to the first network node.

[0088] At block 706, a first network node may receive a wireless energy transfer training transmission from a second network node. The wireless energy transfer training transmission may include, for example, an indication of one or more training parameters and / or one or more energy transfer signals. For example, after receiving a request for wireless energy transfer, the second network node may initiate a wireless energy transfer training session similar to an RRC connection establishment procedure. One or more training parameters may include, for example, an indication of the length of the training session and / or an indication of one or more feedback resources for the training session for use by the first network node when providing feedback based on the training signals received from the second network node. One or more energy transmission signals may be, for example, one or more energy transmission signals transmitted using the supported parameters for transmission during a wireless energy transmission session. For example, the first network node may receive energy signals transmitted using different channels in one or more frequency bands such as one or more preferred frequency bands. The first network node may receive energy signals transmitted using different antennas. The first network node may receive energy signals transmitted using different beamforming, precoding, or optimized waveform parameters, such as energy signals transmitted using a continuous waveform and / or a multi-sine waveform. Thus, at block 706, the first network node may receive a plurality of energy transmission signals for the first network node to measure.

[0089] At block 708, the first network node may determine one or more wireless energy transfer parameters based on receiving the wireless energy transfer training transmission. For example, the first network node may perform one or more measurements on the received energy transmission signals to determine an energy transmission signal having preferred characteristics, such as an energy transmission signal that will provide energy to the first network node with maximum efficiency. Such parameters may include, for example, a determined channel or frequency band for energy transmission, a determined antenna of the second network node for energy transmission, a determined beamforming, precoding, or optimized waveform parameter for energy transmission, or other determined parameters.

[0090] At block 710, the first network node may send the determined wireless energy transfer parameters to the second network node. For example, the first network node may send an indication of the determined channel, frequency band, antenna, beamforming configuration, precoding configuration, optimized waveform configuration, or other configuration for transmitting power to the first network node. Such parameters may be sent, for example, using the feedback resources indicated in the wireless energy transfer training transmission at block 706.

[0091] At block 712, a first network node may receive energy for one or more components from a second network node. For example, the first network node may receive one or more energy transmission signals from the second network node. The one or more energy transmission signals may be transmitted over one or more channels and in one or more frequency bands using one or more antennas and using one or more beamforming, precoding, or optimized waveform configurations. Specifically, one or more antennas of the first network node may receive the transmitted energy from the second network node, and an energy harvesting circuit of the first network node may convert the energy for use by components of the first network node or for storage by one or more energy storage components of the first network node.

[0092] At block 714, the first network node may send an indication that it has received the requested amount of energy. For example, once the first network node determines that it has received a certain amount of energy, such as the amount of energy required to power the first network node and / or the amount of energy required to charge the energy storage components of the first network node to a desired level, the first network node may send such an indication to the second network node to instruct the second network node to end the energy transfer session. In some embodiments, the indication may include an acknowledgement that the requested amount of energy has been received and may also include a password to facilitate charging for the wireless energy transfer service by the second network node. For example, the termination of the energy transfer session may function similar to an RRC link disconnection procedure. Thus, energy may be received by the first network node from the second network node over a wireless network and used to power one or more components of the first network node.

[0093] Figure 8 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process 800 for supporting a wireless energy transfer service in accordance with one or more aspects. The operations of process 800 may be performed by a network node such as an energy receiver. For example, the operations of process 800 may be performed by the UE 115 described above with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 described, or by an energy receiver such as that described with reference to Figures 3 to 4 、 Figure 12 described. For example, the operations of process 800 (also referred to as “blocks”) may enable the UE 115 to support a wireless energy transfer service.

[0094] In some embodiments, the energy transmitter may be unable to fulfill an energy transfer request of the energy receiver and / or the energy transfer session may be interrupted. For example, at block 802, the first network node may detect an interruption of the energy transfer. Such an interruption may be caused, for example, by movement of the first network node and / or environmental conditions between the first network node and the second network node. For example, in some embodiments, method 800 may be performed between blocks 712 and 714 of Figure 7 .

[0095] At block 804, a first network node may send an indication of an interruption of energy transfer to a second network node. Such an indication may include, for example, a request for establishment of a new wireless energy transfer session and / or a new wireless energy transfer training session. In some embodiments, the method may proceed from block 804 to Figure 7 blocks 706 - 714, such as when the wireless energy transmitter determines that it can fulfill the request for a new wireless energy transfer session.

[0096] However, if the second network node determines that it cannot fulfill the request for a new wireless energy transfer session, then at block 806, the second network node may send an indication of a handover and the first network node may receive the indication. The handover indication may include an identifier of a third network node, such as a second energy transmitter, and information about one or more channels and / or frequency bands on which the first network node may communicate with the third network node. At block 808, the first network node may communicate with the third network node, such as performing the methods described in Figure 7 one or more blocks of being in communication with the third network node. In some embodiments, Figure 8 blocks 806 and 808 may be performed after Figure 7 block 704, such as when the energy transmitter determines that it cannot fulfill the request after an initial request for wireless energy transfer. Thus, when a network node determines that it cannot fulfill a request for wireless energy transfer, it may hand over the wireless energy transfer session to another energy transmitter, and the energy receiver may perform the method 700 of communicating with the new energy transmitter as described in Figure 7 .

[0097] Figure 9 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process 900 supporting wireless energy transfer services in accordance with one or more aspects. The operations of process 900 may be performed by a network node, such as an energy transmitter. For example, the operations of process 900 may be performed by the base station 105 described above with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , or by an energy transmitter as described with reference to Figures 3 to 4 , Figure 12 . For example, the operations (also referred to as "blocks") of process 900 may enable the base station 105 to support wireless energy transfer services.

[0098] At block 902, a first network node may send an indication to a second network node that the first network node supports a wireless energy transfer service. The first network node may be, for example, an energy transmitter such as a base station, and the second network node may be, for example, an energy receiver such as a UE. The indication that the first network node supports a wireless energy transfer service may be sent, for example, in a backscatter modulation transmission, and / or broadcast on a channel reserved for communication related to the wireless energy transfer service. For example, the indication may be broadcast on legacy channels such as the PBCH, MIB, or SIB. The indication may include an indication of the maximum deliverable energy supported by the first network node, an indication of the transmit energy of the first network node, an indication of one or more frequency bands (such as the 900 MHz band, 2.4 GHz band, or other bands) supported by the first network node for wireless energy transfer, and / or an indication of one or more channels supported by the first network node for wireless energy transfer. For example, the indication may include an indication of the number of channels reserved for wireless energy transfer in a particular frequency band. In some embodiments, the indication may include an identifier of the first network node and / or an identifier of the service associated with the first network node, such as the vendor associated with the first network node. The identifier of the first network node and / or the identifier of the service associated with the first network node may be used for security and / or payment-related processes similar to those of a public land mobile network (PLMN). In some embodiments, the indication may include an indication that the first network node serves only certain energy receivers and / or gives certain energy receivers priority over others. In some embodiments, an energy signal may be broadcast by the first network node and received by the second network node before the transmit indication to provide power to the second network node for the reception, decoding, or processing of the indication.

[0099] At block 904, a first network node may receive a request for wireless energy transfer. The request may be sent by a second network node based on receiving an indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer. Such a request may include preferred service parameters of the second network node. For example, such a request may include an indication of the identifier of the second network node, an indication of the amount of energy requested, an indication of the duration of the requested energy transfer, and / or an indication of the energy storage capacity of the second network node. The indication of the identifier of the second network node may be used, for example, for payment and / or for PLMN selection. The request may also include information about the energy harvesting circuitry of the second network node, such as an identifier of the energy harvesting circuitry or an indication of preferred service parameters associated with the energy harvesting circuitry, such as a preferred carrier frequency or frequency band or a preferred waveform configuration. For example, some energy harvesting circuitry may operate with higher efficiency when energy is transmitted in the 900 MHz or 2.4 GHz frequency band or using a multi-sine or continuous waveform configuration. Similarly, some energy harvesting circuitry may operate with higher efficiency at certain input powers, such as 0 dBm or 5 dBm. Such parameters may be indicated to the first network node in the received request for wireless energy. In some embodiments, the first network node may estimate the input power for maximum efficiency at the energy receiver by performing one or more RSSI or reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements on the sent request for wireless energy transfer and may determine the power for transmitting wireless energy to the first network node based on such measurements (such as by performing a rough energy estimate). In some embodiments, the message may include an indication of a rough amount of the requested wireless energy transfer, such as 5 mJ or 100 mJ. Such an amount may vary based on the storage capacity of the second network node, the charge state of one or more energy storage components of the second network node, and / or the amount of energy required to power the second network node. The first network node may estimate the duration of the service based on the amount of wireless energy requested. Thus, a request for wireless energy transfer may be received and may include one or more parameters for use by the first network node when transmitting wireless energy to the second network node.

[0100] At block 906, a first network node may send a wireless energy transfer training transmission to a second network node. The wireless energy transfer training transmission may include, for example, an indication of one or more training parameters and / or one or more energy transfer signals. For example, after receiving a request for wireless energy transfer, the first network node may initiate a wireless energy transfer training session similar to an RRC connection establishment procedure. The one or more training parameters may include, for example, an indication of the length of the training session and / or an indication of one or more feedback resources for the training session for use by the second network node when providing feedback based on the training signals received from the first network node. The one or more energy transmission signals may be, for example, one or more energy transmission signals transmitted using the supported parameters for transmission during a wireless energy transmission session. For example, the first network node may transmit energy signals using different channels in one or more frequency bands such as one or more preferred frequency bands. The first network node may transmit energy signals using different antennas. The first network node may transmit energy signals using different beamforming, precoding, or optimized waveform parameters, such as energy signals transmitted using continuous waveforms and / or multi-sine waveforms. Thus, at block 906, the first network node may transmit a plurality of energy transmission signals for the second network node to measure.

[0101] At block 908, the first network node may receive wireless energy transfer parameters from the second network node. For example, the first network node may receive an indication of a determined channel, frequency band, antenna, beamforming configuration, precoding configuration, optimized waveform configuration, or other configuration for transmitting energy to the second network node. Such parameters may be determined, for example, by the second network node based on the wireless energy transfer training transmission sent at block 906. Such parameters may be transmitted and received, for example, using the feedback resources indicated in the wireless energy transfer training transmission at block 906.

[0102] At block 910, the first network node may send energy to the second network node. For example, the first network node may send one or more energy transmission signals to the second network node. The one or more energy transmission signals may be transmitted on one or more channels in one or more frequency bands using one or more antennas and using one or more beamforming, precoding, or optimized waveform configurations. Specifically, one or more antennas of the first network node may transmit energy for one or more antennas of the second network node to receive, and the energy harvesting circuit of the second network node may convert the energy for use by components of the second network node or for storage by one or more energy storage components of the second network node.

[0103] At block 912, the first network node may receive an indication that a requested amount of energy has been received. For example, once the second network node determines that a certain amount of energy has been received, such as the amount of energy required to power the second network node and / or the amount of energy required to charge the energy storage component of the second network node to a desired level, the second network node may send such an indication to the first network node to instruct the first network node to end the energy transfer session. The first network node may then stop sending wireless energy to the second network node. In some embodiments, the indication may include an acknowledgement that the requested amount of energy has been received and may also include a password that facilitates charging for the wireless energy transfer service by the first network node. Thus, energy may be sent by the first network node to the second network node over a wireless network and used to power one or more components of the second network node.

[0104] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example process 1000 that supports wireless energy transfer services in accordance with one or more aspects. Operations of process 1000 may be performed by a network node such as an energy transmitter. For example, operations of process 1000 may be performed by the base station 105 referenced above Figure 1 and Figure 2 described or by an energy transmitter as referenced Figures 3 to 4 , Figure 12 described. For example, operations of process 1000 (also referred to as "blocks") may enable the base station 105 to support wireless energy transfer services.

[0105] In some embodiments, the energy transmitter may be unable to fulfill an energy transfer request of an energy receiver and / or the energy transfer session may be interrupted. For example, in some embodiments, method 1000 may be performed between blocks 910 and 912 of Figure 9 . At block 1002, the first network node may receive an indication of an interruption of the energy transfer from the second network node. Such an indication may include, for example, a request for a new wireless energy transfer session establishment and / or a new wireless energy transfer training session. In some embodiments, method 1000 may proceed from block 1002 to Figure 9 blocks 904 - 912, such as when the wireless energy transmitter determines that it can fulfill the request for a new wireless energy transfer session.

[0106] However, if the first network node determines that it cannot fulfill the request for a new wireless energy transfer session, then at block 1004, the first network node may send an indication of the handover to the second network node. The handover indication may include an identifier of a third network node such as a second energy transmitter, and information about one or more channels and / or frequency bands on which the first network node may communicate with the third network node. Then, at block 1006, the first network node may send the indication of the handover to the third network node to which the wireless energy transfer session is being handed over. Then, the second network node may communicate with the third network node, such as by performing the methods described in one or more of the blocks of Figure 7 that are in communication with the third network node. In some embodiments, Figure 10 blocks 1004 and 1006 of Figure 9 may be performed after block 904 of Figure 9 , such as when the first network node determines after an initial request for wireless energy transfer that the first network node cannot fulfill the request. Thus, when a network node determines that it cannot fulfill a request for wireless energy transfer, the network node may hand over the wireless energy transfer session to a different network node, and the different network node may perform the method 900 of communicating with the second network node as described in Figure 9 .

[0107] Figure 11 is a block diagram of an example energy transmitter 1100 that supports wireless energy transfer services according to one or more aspects. The energy transmitter 1100 may be configured to perform operations including the blocks of processes 900 and 1000 described with reference to Figures 9 to 10 . In some implementations, the energy transmitter 1100 includes the structures, hardware, and components shown and described with reference to the base station 105 of Figures 1 to 3 . For example, the energy transmitter 1100 may include a controller 1104 that may correspond to controller 240 and operates to execute logic or computer instructions stored in a memory 1106 that may correspond to memory 242, and to control components that provide the features and functionality of the energy transmitter 1100. The energy transmitter 1100 transmits and receives signals under the control of the controller 1104 via wireless radios 1101a-t and antennas 1102a-t. The wireless radios 1101a-t may include various components and hardware, as illustrated for the base station 105 in Figure 2 , including modulators and demodulators 232a-t, a transmit processor 220, a TX MIMO processor 230, a MIMO detector 236, and a receive processor 238.

[0108] As shown, the memory 1106 may include training information 1108, energy transfer information 1110, energy transfer training logic 1112, and energy transfer logic 1114. The training information 1108 may include, for example, wireless energy transfer training information to be sent to the energy receiver 1200, such as one or more training parameters or measurements performed on one or more energy signals transmitted from the energy transmitter 1100 to the energy receiver 1200. The training parameters may include, for example, the length of a training session between the energy receiver 1200 and the energy transmitter 1100, feedback resources for sending training feedback, such as wireless energy transfer parameters determined based on receiving the wireless energy transfer training information, information about one or more preferred frequency bands for sending energy training signals, information about one or more channels of one or more preferred frequency bands for sending energy training signals, information about one or more antennas that the energy transmitter 1100 will use to send energy training signals, information about one or more beamforming, precoding, or optimized waveform (such as continuous waveform or multi-sine waveform) parameters that the energy transmitter 1100 will use to send energy training signals. The energy transfer information 1110 may include, for example, energy transfer parameters determined by the energy receiver 1200 based on receiving wireless energy transmission training signals from the energy transmitter 1100 during a training session. For example, the energy receiver 1200 may perform one or more measurements on the wireless energy transmission training signals transmitted by the energy transmitter 1100 during a training session, and send these measurements to the energy transmitter 1100 to be stored as the energy transfer information 1110. In some embodiments, the energy transfer information 1110 may include information indicating one or more channels, frequency bands, beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, or optimized waveform parameters that can be used to transfer energy from the energy transmitter 1110 to the energy receiver 1200. In some embodiments, the energy transfer information 1110 may include an identifier of the energy receiver 1200, one or more parameters of the energy harvesting circuit of the energy receiver 1200 (such as information indicating one or more frequency bands, waveform configurations, beamforming configurations, or precoding configurations in which the energy harvesting circuit can operate with higher efficiency), one or more input powers at which the energy harvesting circuit of the energy receiver 1200 can operate with higher efficiency, the amount of energy requested by the energy receiver 1200 (such as the amount of energy required to power one or more components of the energy receiver 1200 or the amount of energy required to fully or partially charge the energy storage component of the energy receiver 1200), the duration of a wireless energy transfer session requested from the energy transmitter 1100, the amount of energy requested from the energy transmitter 1100 (such as a rough amount of requested wireless energy transfer energy, e.g., 5 mJ or 100 mJ), or other energy transfer information 1110.

[0109] The energy transfer training logic 1112 can be configured to participate in an energy transfer training process with the energy receiver 1200. For example, when the energy receiver 1200 requests wireless energy transfer, the energy transfer training logic 1112 can be configured to send one or more wireless energy transfer signals, such as a wireless energy transfer training signal. The energy transfer logic 1114 can be configured to participate in a wireless energy transfer session with the energy receiver 1200, such as sending one or more energy transfer signals based on the energy transfer information 1110. For example, the energy transfer logic 1114 can be configured to send energy to the energy receiver 1200 based on the energy transfer information 1110 determined during the wireless energy transfer training session after the wireless energy transfer training session.

[0110] Figure 12 is a block diagram of an example energy receiver 1200 that supports wireless energy transfer services according to one or more aspects. The energy receiver 1200 can be configured to perform operations including the blocks of the process described with reference to Figures 7 to 8 In some specific implementations, the energy receiver 1200 includes the structures, hardware, and components shown and described for the UE 115 with reference to Figures 1 to 3 For example, the energy receiver 1200 includes a controller 1204, which can correspond to the controller 280 and can be operable to execute logic or computer instructions stored in a memory 1206 that can correspond to the memory 282, and to control the components that provide the features and functionality of the energy transmitter 1200. The energy transmitter 1200 transmits and receives signals via wireless radios 1201a-r and antennas 1202a-r that can correspond to the antennas 252a-r under the control of the controller 1204. The wireless radios 1201a-r can include various components and hardware, such as Figure 2 illustrated for the UE 115, including modulators and demodulators 254a-r, MIMO detectors 256, receive processors 258, transmit processors 264, and TX MIMO processors 266.

[0111] As shown in the figure, the memory 1206 may include training information 1208, which may include, for example, wireless energy transfer training information received from the energy transmitter 1100, such as one or more training parameters or measurements performed on one or more energy signals received from the energy transmitter 1100. The training parameters may include, for example, the length of the training session between the energy receiver 1200 and the energy transmitter, feedback resources for sending training feedback, such as wireless energy transfer parameters determined based on the received wireless energy transfer training information, information about one or more preferred frequency bands for sending energy training signals, information about one or more channels of one or more preferred frequency bands for sending energy training signals, information about one or more antennas that the energy transmitter 404 will use to send energy training signals, information about one or more beamforming, precoding, or optimized waveform (such as continuous waveform or multi-sine waveform) parameters that the energy transmitter 1100 will use to send energy training signals. The memory 1206 may also include energy transfer information 1210, which may include, for example, energy transfer parameters determined by the energy receiver 1200 based on the wireless energy transmission training signals received from the energy transmitter 1100 during the training session. For example, the energy receiver 200 may perform one or more measurements on the wireless energy transmission training signals sent by the energy transmitter 1100 during the training session and store these measurements as energy transfer information 1210. In some embodiments, the energy transfer information 1210 may include information indicating one or more channels, frequency bands, beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, or optimized waveform parameters that can be used to transfer energy from the energy transmitter 1100 to the energy receiver 1200. In some embodiments, the energy transfer information 1210 may include an identifier of the energy receiver 1200, one or more parameters of the energy harvesting circuit of the energy receiver 1200 (such as information indicating one or more frequency bands, waveform configurations, beamforming configurations, or precoding configurations in which the energy harvesting circuit can operate more efficiently), one or more input powers at which the energy harvesting circuit of the energy receiver 1200 can operate more efficiently, the amount of energy to be requested by the energy receiver 1200 (such as the amount of energy required to power one or more components of the energy receiver 1200 or the amount of energy required to fully or partially charge the energy storage component of the energy receiver 1200), the duration of the wireless energy transfer session to be requested from the energy transmitter 1100, the amount of energy to be requested from the energy transmitter 1100 (such as a rough amount of wireless energy transfer energy to be requested, for example, 5 mJ or 100 mJ), or other energy transfer information 1210.

[0112] The energy transfer training logic 1212 may be configured to participate in an energy transfer training process with the energy transmitter 1100. For example, when the energy receiver 1200 requests wireless energy transfer, the energy transfer training logic 1212 may be configured to receive one or more wireless energy transfer signals, such as wireless energy transfer training signals, and perform one or more measurements on the one or more wireless energy transfer signals and determine wireless energy transfer parameters based on signals to be sent to the energy transmitter 1100. The energy transfer logic 1214 may be configured to participate in a wireless energy transfer session with the energy transmitter 1100.

[0113] Note that one or more of the blocks (or operations) described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 may be combined with one or more of the blocks (or operations) described with reference to another drawing. For example, Figure 7 one or more of the blocks (or operations) of Figure 8 may be combined with Figure 9 one or more of the blocks (or operations) of Figure 10 . As another example, one or more of the blocks associated with Figure 7 may be combined with one or more of the blocks associated with Figures 1 to 4 . Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the operations described above with reference to Figures 1 to 4 may be combined with one or more of the operations described with reference to Figure 11 or Figure 12 .

[0114] In one or more aspects, techniques for supporting wireless energy transfer services may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in connection with one or more other processes or devices described elsewhere herein. In a first aspect, supporting wireless energy transfer services may include a device, such as a first network node, configured to: receive an indication from a second network node that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; send a request for wireless energy transfer to the second network node based on receiving the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; and receive energy for one or more components of the first network node from the second network node after sending the request for wireless energy transfer. Additionally, the device may perform or operate according to one or more aspects described below. In some specific implementations, the device includes a wireless device, such as a UE. In some specific implementations, the device may include at least one processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor may be configured to perform the operations described herein for the device. In some other specific implementations, the device may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon, and the program code may be executable by a computer to cause the computer to perform the operations described herein with reference to the device. In some specific implementations, the device may include one or more components configured to perform the operations described herein. In some specific implementations, a method of wireless communication may include one or more operations described herein with reference to the device.

[0115] In a second aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, the device is further configured to: receive a wireless energy transfer training transmission from the second network node; determine one or more wireless energy transfer parameters based on receiving the wireless energy transfer training transmission; and send the one or more wireless energy transfer parameters to the second network node.

[0116] In a third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, to receive a wireless energy transfer training transmission, the device is configured to perform at least one of the following: receive an indication of one or more training parameters from the second network node; or receive one or more energy transfer signals from the second network node.

[0117] In a fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, to receive an indication of one or more training parameters, the device is configured to receive at least one of the following: an indication of the length of a training session; or an indication of one or more feedback resources for a training session.

[0118] In a fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, in order to receive one or more energy transmission signals, the apparatus is configured to receive at least one of the following: a plurality of energy transmission signals transmitted on different channels in a first frequency band; a plurality of energy transmission signals transmitted using different antennas; or a plurality of energy transmission signals transmitted using different beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, or waveform parameters.

[0119] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, an indication that a second network node supports wireless energy transfer includes at least one of the following: an indication of the maximum deliverable energy supported by the second network node; an indication of the transmission energy of the second network node; an indication of one or more frequency bands supported by the second network node for wireless energy transfer; or an indication of one or more channels supported by the second network node for wireless energy transfer.

[0120] In a seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, a request for wireless energy transfer includes at least one of the following: an indication of the identifier of a first network node; an indication of the amount of energy requested; an indication of the duration for the requested energy transfer; or an indication of the energy storage capacity of the first network node.

[0121] In an eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, the apparatus is configured to: send an indication to a second network node that the requested amount of energy has been received.

[0122] In one or more aspects, techniques for supporting wireless energy transfer services may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in connection with one or more other processes or devices described elsewhere herein. In a ninth aspect, supporting wireless energy transfer services may include an apparatus, such as a first network node, configured to: send an indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer to a second network node; receive a request for wireless energy transfer from the second network node; and, after receiving the request for wireless energy transfer, send energy to one or more components of the second network node. Additionally, the apparatus may perform or operate in accordance with one or more aspects described below. In some specific implementations, the apparatus includes a wireless device, such as a base station. In some specific implementations, the apparatus may include at least one processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor may be configured to perform the operations described herein for the apparatus. In some other specific implementations, the apparatus may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon, and the program code may be executable by a computer to cause the computer to perform the operations described herein with reference to the apparatus. In some specific implementations, the apparatus may include one or more components configured to perform the operations described herein. In some specific implementations, a method of wireless communication may include one or more operations described herein with reference to the apparatus.

[0123] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, the apparatus is further configured to: send a wireless energy transfer training transmission to the second network node; and receive one or more wireless energy transfer parameters from the second network node in response to the wireless energy transfer training transmission.

[0124] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, to send the wireless energy transfer training transmission, the apparatus is configured to perform at least one of the following: convey an indication of one or more training parameters to the second network node; or send one or more energy transfer signals to the second network node.

[0125] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, to convey an indication of one or more training parameters, the apparatus is configured to send at least one of the following: an indication of the length of a training session; or an indication of one or more feedback resources for a training session.

[0126] In a thirteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, for transmitting one or more energy transmission signals, the apparatus is further configured to transmit at least one of the following: multiple energy transmission signals on different channels in a first frequency band; multiple energy transmission signals using different antennas; or multiple energy transmission signals using different beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, or waveform parameters.

[0127] In a fourteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, an indication that a first network node supports wireless energy transfer includes at least one of the following: an indication of the maximum deliverable energy supported by the first network node; an indication of the transmission energy of the first network node; an indication of one or more frequency bands supported by the first network node for wireless energy transfer; or an indication of one or more channels supported by the first network node for wireless energy transfer.

[0128] In a fifteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the above aspects, a request for wireless energy transfer includes at least one of the following: an indication of an identifier of a second network node; an indication of the amount of energy requested; an indication of the duration for the requested energy transfer; or an indication of the energy storage capacity of the second network node.

[0129] Those skilled in the art should understand that any of a variety of different technologies and techniques can be used to represent information and signals. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout the above description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0130] As used herein Figures 1 to 4 and Figures 11 to 12 the described components, functional blocks, and modules include processors, electronic devices, hardware devices, electronic components, logic circuits, memories, software code, firmware code, etc., or any combination thereof. Software should be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, execution threads, processes, and / or functions, etc., regardless of whether it is referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms. Additionally, the features discussed herein can be implemented via dedicated processor circuitry, via executable instructions, or a combination thereof.

[0131] Those skilled in the art will further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic steps described in connection with the disclosure herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will also readily recognize that the order or combination of the components, methods, or interactions described herein are merely examples, and the components, methods, or interactions of the various aspects of the present disclosure may be combined or performed in ways other than those illustrated and described herein.

[0132] The various illustrative logical components, logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic processes described in connection with the specific implementations disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been generally described in terms of functionality and illustrated in the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and processes described above. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0133] The hardware and data processing apparatus for implementing or performing the various illustrative logical components, logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be realized using a general-purpose single-chip or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or, any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. In some specific implementations, the processor may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some specific implementations, specific processes and methods may be performed by circuitry specific to a given function.

[0134] In one or more aspects, the described functionality may be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuitry, computer software, firmware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and structural equivalents thereof, or any combination thereof. The specific implementations of the subject matter described in this specification may also be implemented as one or more computer programs, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on a computer storage medium for execution by, or to control the operation of, a data processing apparatus.

[0135] If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. The processes of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein may be implemented in a processor-executable software module that may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that can be implemented to transfer a computer program from one place to another. The storage media may be any available media accessible by a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Additionally, any connection may be properly termed a computer-readable medium. As used herein, disk and disc include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. Additionally, operations of a method or algorithm may reside as one or any combination of a code and instruction set or a code and instruction set on a machine-readable medium and a computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.

[0136] Various modifications to the specific implementations described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to some other specific implementations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the specific implementations shown herein but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with this disclosure, the principles disclosed herein, and the novel features.

[0137] Additionally, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the terms “upper” and “lower” are sometimes used for ease of description of the drawings and indicate relative positions corresponding to the orientation of the drawing on a correctly oriented page and may not reflect the correct orientation of any device as implemented.

[0138] Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments in this specification can also be implemented in a single embodiment in combination. Conversely, the various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented separately or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments. Additionally, although features may have been described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination may in some cases be excluded from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a sub-combination or variation of a sub-combination.

[0139] Similarly, although operations are depicted in the figures in a particular order, this should not be construed as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in a sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally, the figures may schematically depict one or more example processes in the form of a flowchart. However, other operations not depicted may be incorporated into the example processes schematically illustrated. For example, one or more additional operations may be performed before, after, concurrently with, or between any of the illustrated operations. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing are advantageous. Moreover, the separation of the various system components in the specific embodiments described above should not be construed as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the program components and systems generally can be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, some other specific embodiments also fall within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the acts recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve the desired result.

[0140] As described herein, a node (which may be referred to as a node, network node, network entity, or wireless node) may include the following, may be the following, or may be included in the following (e.g., as a component of the following): a base station (e.g., any base station described herein), a UE (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, a device, an apparatus, a computing system, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a distributed unit (DU), a central unit (CU), a remote / radio unit (RU) (which may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU)), and / or another processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a network node may be a UE. As another example, a network node may be a device capable of receiving wireless energy transfer via a network, such as a device including radio frequency identification (RFID) circuitry for receiving wireless energy transfer. As yet another example, a network node may be a base station or a network entity. As yet another example, a first network node may be configured to communicate with a second network node or a third network node. In one aspect of this example, the first network node may be a UE, the second network node may be a base station, and the third network node may be a UE. In another aspect of this example, the first network node may be a UE, the second network node may be a base station, and the third network node may be a base station. In yet other aspects of this example, the first network node, the second network node, and the third network node may be different from these examples. Similarly, references to UEs, base stations, devices, apparatuses, computing systems, etc. may include the disclosure of UEs, base stations, devices, apparatuses, computing systems, etc. as network nodes. For example, the disclosure that a UE is configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network node is configured to receive information from a second network node. Consistent with this disclosure, once a particular example has been extended in accordance with the disclosure (e.g., the disclosure that a UE is configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network node is configured to receive information from a second network node), the broader example of the narrower example may be interpreted in reverse, but in a broad open-ended manner. In the above example where the disclosure that a UE is configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network node is configured to receive information from a second network node, the first network node may refer to a first UE, a first base station, a first device, a first apparatus, a first computing system, a first set of one or more components, a first processing entity, etc. configured to receive information; and the second network node may refer to a second UE, a second base station, a second device, a second apparatus, a second computing system, a second set of one or more components, a second processing entity, etc.

[0141] As used herein (including in the claims), the term "or" as used in a list of two or more items means that any one of the listed items can be employed individually, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; a combination of A and B; a combination of A and C; a combination of B and C; or a combination of A, B, and C. In addition, as used herein (including in the claims), "or" as used in a list of items beginning with "at least one of" indicates a disjunctive list such that, for example, a list of "at least one of A, B, or C" means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) or any combination of any of these items. The term "substantially" is defined as largely but not necessarily wholly that which is specified (and includes that which is specified; e.g., substantially 90 degrees includes 90 degrees, and substantially parallel includes parallel), as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In any of the specific embodiments disclosed, the term "substantially" can be replaced by "[percentage] within" that which is specified, where the percentage includes 0.1%, 1%, 5%, or 10%.

[0142] The foregoing description of the disclosure has been provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication performed by a first network node, the method comprising: receiving, by the first network node from a second network node, an indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; sending, by the first network node to the second network node, a request for wireless energy transfer based on receiving the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; and after sending the request for wireless energy transfer, receiving, by the first network node from the second network node, energy for one or more components of the first network node.

2. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising: receiving, by the first network node from the second network node, a wireless energy transfer training transmission; determining, by the first network node based on receiving the wireless energy transfer training transmission, one or more wireless energy transfer parameters; and sending, by the first network node to the second network node, the one or more wireless energy transfer parameters.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein receiving the wireless energy transfer training transmission comprises at least one of the following: receiving, from the second network node, an indication of one or more training parameters; or receiving, from the second network node, one or more energy transmission signals.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein receiving the indication of one or more training parameters comprises receiving at least one of the following: an indication of the length of a training session; or an indication of one or more feedback resources for the training session.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein receiving one or more energy transmission signals comprises receiving at least one of the following: a plurality of energy transmission signals transmitted on different channels in a first frequency band; a plurality of energy transmission signals transmitted using different antennas; or a plurality of energy transmission signals transmitted using different beamforming parameters, precoding parameters or waveform parameters.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer comprises at least one of the following: an indication of the maximum deliverable energy supported by the second network node; an indication of the transmission energy of the second network node; an indication of one or more frequency bands supported by the second network node for wireless energy transfer; or an indication of one or more channels supported by the second network node for wireless energy transfer.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the request for wireless energy transfer comprises at least one of the following: an indication of the identifier of the first network node; an indication of the amount of energy requested; an indication of the duration for the requested energy transfer; or an indication of the energy storage capacity of the first network node.

8. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising: sending, by the first network node to the second network node, an indication that the requested amount of energy has been received.

9. A first network node, the first network node comprising: a memory; and At least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: Receive an indication from a second network node that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; Send a request for wireless energy transfer to the second network node based on receiving the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer; And After sending the request for wireless energy transfer, receive energy for one or more components of the first network node from the second network node.

10. The first network node according to claim 9, wherein the processor is further configured to: Receive a wireless energy transfer training transmission from the second network node; Determine one or more wireless energy transfer parameters based on receiving the wireless energy transfer training transmission; And Send the one or more wireless energy transfer parameters to the second network node.

11. The first network node according to claim 10, wherein in order to receive the wireless energy transfer training transmission, the at least one processor is configured to perform at least one of the following: Receive an indication of one or more training parameters from the second network node; or Receive one or more energy transmission signals from the second network node.

12. The first network node according to claim 11, wherein in order to receive the indication of one or more training parameters, the at least one processor is further configured to receive at least one of the following: An indication of the length of a training session; or An indication of one or more feedback resources for the training session.

13. The first network node according to claim 11, wherein in order to receive one or more energy transmission signals, the at least one processor is further configured to receive at least one of the following: Multiple energy transmission signals transmitted on different channels in a first frequency band; Multiple energy transmission signals transmitted using different antennas; or Multiple energy transmission signals transmitted using different beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, or waveform parameters.

14. The first network node according to claim 9, wherein the indication that the second network node supports wireless energy transfer includes at least one of the following: An indication of the maximum deliverable energy supported by the second network node; An indication of the transmission energy of the second network node; An indication of one or more frequency bands supported by the second network node for wireless energy transfer; or An indication of one or more channels supported by the second network node for wireless energy transfer.

15. The first network node according to claim 9, wherein the request for wireless energy transfer includes at least one of the following: An indication of an identifier of the first network node; An indication of the amount of energy requested; An indication of the duration for the requested energy transfer; or An indication of the energy storage capacity of the first network node.

16. The first network node according to claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Send an indication to the second network node that the requested amount of energy has been received.

17. A method of wireless communication performed by a first network node, the method comprising: Sending, by the first network node, an indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer to a second network node; Receiving, by the first network node, a request for wireless energy transfer from the second network node; And After sending the request for wireless energy transfer, sending, by the first network node, energy for one or more components of the second network node to the second network node.

18. The method according to claim 17, the method further comprising: Sending, by the first network node, a wireless energy transfer training transmission to the second network node; And Receiving, by the first network node, one or more wireless energy transfer parameters from the second network node in response to the wireless energy transfer training transmission.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein sending the wireless energy transfer training transmission comprises at least one of the following: Sending an indication of one or more training parameters to the second network node; or Sending one or more energy transmission signals to the second network node.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein sending the indication of one or more training parameters comprises sending at least one of the following: An indication of the length of a training session; or An indication of one or more feedback resources for the training session.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein sending one or more energy transmission signals comprises sending at least one of the following: Multiple energy transmission signals on different channels in a first frequency band; Multiple energy transmission signals using different antennas; or Multiple energy transmission signals using different beamforming parameters, precoding parameters or waveform parameters.

22. The method according to claim 17, wherein the indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer comprises at least one of the following: An indication of the maximum deliverable energy supported by the first network node; An indication of the transmission energy of the first network node; An indication of one or more frequency bands supported by the first network node for wireless energy transfer; or An indication of one or more channels supported by the first network node for wireless energy transfer.

23. The method according to claim 17, wherein the request for wireless energy transfer comprises at least one of the following: An indication of the identifier of the first network node; An indication of the amount of energy requested; An indication of the duration for the requested energy transfer; or An indication of the energy storage capacity of the second network node.

24. A first network node, the first network node comprising: A memory; And At least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: Send an indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer to a second network node; Receive a request for wireless energy transfer from the second network node; And After receiving the request for wireless energy transfer, send energy to one or more components of the second network node.

25. The first network node according to claim 24, wherein the processor is further configured to: Send a wireless energy transfer training transmission to the second network node; and Receive one or more wireless energy transfer parameters from the second network node in response to the wireless energy transfer training transmission.

26. The first network node according to claim 25, wherein in order to send the wireless energy transfer training transmission, the at least one processor is configured to perform at least one of the following: Convey an indication of one or more training parameters to the second network node; or Send one or more energy transmission signals to the second network node.

27. The first network node according to claim 25, wherein in order to send the indication of one or more training parameters, the at least one processor is further configured to send at least one of the following: An indication of the length of the training session; or An indication of one or more feedback resources for the training session.

28. The first network node according to claim 25, wherein in order to send one or more energy transmission signals, the at least one processor is further configured to send at least one of the following: Multiple energy transmission signals on different channels in a first frequency band; Multiple energy transmission signals using different antennas; or Multiple energy transmission signals using different beamforming parameters, precoding parameters, or waveform parameters.

29. The first network node according to claim 24, wherein the indication that the first network node supports wireless energy transfer includes at least one of the following: An indication of the maximum deliverable energy supported by the first network node; An indication of the transmission energy of the first network node; An indication of one or more frequency bands supported by the first network node for wireless energy transfer; or An indication of one or more channels supported by the first network node for wireless energy transfer.

30. The first network node according to claim 24, wherein the request for wireless energy transfer includes at least one of the following: An indication of the identifier of the second network node; An indication of the amount of energy requested; An indication of the duration for the requested energy transfer; or An indication of the energy storage capacity of the second network node.

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