Femoral head guider and guiding puncture needle

Abstract

The femoral head guider comprises a guider body, a shell is slidably arranged at the end of the guider body, a needle inlet and a needle outlet which are located on the same axis are formed in the two ends of the shell respectively, a mounting cylinder is rotatably arranged in the shell, a plurality of sets of mounting holes are formed in the mounting cylinder at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the needle inlet and the needle outlet are communicated with the mounting cylinder. A plurality of groups of guide sleeves with different inner diameters are arranged in the plurality of groups of mounting holes, the driving rod is slidably arranged in the shell in a penetrating manner along the axis of the driving rod, the driving rod is connected with the mounting cylinder through a driving mechanism, and single sliding of the driving rod is converted into driving of the mounting cylinder to rotate the angle between the two groups of adjacent mounting holes through the driving mechanism. When the guider is used, the guide sleeve does not need to be taken out, detached and replaced when the inner diameter of the guide sleeve is not matched, meanwhile, the guider does not need to be positioned again, the operation time can be effectively saved, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a femoral head guide and a guiding puncture needle. Background Art

[0002] In the treatment of femoral head-related diseases, the femoral head guide is a key instrument to ensure the accuracy of the surgery. Its core function is to firmly fix the guide body on the hip joint and use the inner sleeve to guide the puncture needle for puncture, so as to achieve precise intervention on the lesion site.

[0003] Most of the existing femoral head guides adopt a detachable sleeve design. The sleeve is fixed to the guide through a mechanical structure, and the disassembly and assembly process is time-consuming and laborious. During the actual surgical operation, when the diameter of the guiding puncture needle estimated before the operation or actually required during the operation does not match the diameter of the guide sleeve, since the sleeve is difficult to be disassembled and replaced separately, the medical staff has to remove the entire guide from the patient's hip joint. This operation not only increases the exposure time of the surgical wound and the risk of infection, but also requires a lot of time and effort to reposition the guide after reinstalling it to ensure the accuracy of the puncture path.

[0004] The sleeve design of the traditional femoral head guide undoubtedly significantly reduces the surgical efficiency, prolongs the anesthesia time of the patient, increases the potential risk of surgical complications, and also puts higher requirements on the operation proficiency and patience of the medical staff. Therefore, developing a femoral head guide that can conveniently replace the sleeve without overall disassembly of the casing and can quickly restore precise positioning has become an urgent need to improve the surgical quality and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a femoral head guide and a guiding puncture needle to solve the technical problem that when the diameter of the guiding puncture needle for puncture of the existing femoral head guide does not match the diameter of the sleeve, the guide needs to be taken out and disassembled as a whole, the sleeve is replaced, and then the guide is repositioned again, resulting in a reduction in surgical efficiency as described in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions. A femoral head guide and a guiding puncture needle include: A guide body, with a housing slidably arranged at the end of the guide body. An inlet and an outlet for the needle are respectively arranged at both ends of the housing on the same axis; An installation cylinder, rotatably arranged in the housing. A plurality of groups of installation holes are circumferentially spaced apart on the installation cylinder, and a plurality of guide sleeves with different inner diameters are arranged in the plurality of groups of installation holes; and The driving rod is slidably inserted through the housing along its axis and is connected to the mounting cylinder through a driving mechanism to convert a single sliding of the driving rod into driving the mounting cylinder to rotate by an angle between two adjacent mounting holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the guide body includes: A first arc-shaped frame with a mounting ring at its end, and the mounting cylinder is slidably arranged at the end of the mounting ring along its axis; A connecting frame is slidably sleeved on the first arc-shaped frame, a second arc-shaped frame is rotatably arranged on the connecting frame, and a slidable positioning rod is arranged at the end of the second arc-shaped frame; and A third arc-shaped frame is hinged to one side of the first arc-shaped frame, a support rod is slidably arranged at the end of the third arc-shaped frame, and a support block is arranged at the end of the support rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the positions of the mounting cylinder, the third arc-shaped frame and the connecting frame on the first arc-shaped frame, the position of the second arc-shaped frame on the connecting frame, the position of the positioning rod on the second arc-shaped frame, and the position of the support rod on the third arc-shaped frame can all be fixed by a threaded knob.

[0009] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes: A driving column is arranged at the end of the driving rod, and a baffle is fixedly arranged on the driving rod; A first elastic member is arranged between the baffle and the inner side of the mounting cylinder; and A guide groove is opened on the inner circumferential side of the mounting cylinder. The guide groove includes multiple groups of first guiding teeth and second guiding teeth arranged circumferentially. The first guiding teeth and the second guiding teeth are arranged alternately. The driving column is clamped in the guide groove and can abut against the first guiding teeth or the second guiding teeth.

[0010] Furthermore, a positioning hole coinciding with the needle outlet is arranged in the housing. The end of one group of the guide sleeves is slidably inserted into the positioning hole. The driving rod is connected to multiple groups of the guide sleeves through a linkage mechanism to convert the sliding of the driving rod into driving the guide sleeves to disengage from the positioning hole.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple first sliding grooves are opened on the circumferential side of the mounting cylinder. A limiting groove is opened on the first sliding groove. A limiting post is arranged on the guide sleeve. The limiting post is slidably clamped in the limiting groove. A limiting plate is arranged on the first sliding groove. A slider is sleeved on the limiting post. The slider is slidably arranged in the first sliding groove. A second elastic member is arranged between the slider and the limiting plate. The linkage mechanism is connected to the limiting post.

[0012] Further, the linkage mechanism includes: A driving sleeve rotatably sleeved on the driving rod along its axis. Multiple second chutes are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the driving sleeve, and the end portions of multiple limiting posts are respectively slidably clamped in multiple second chutes; and Multiple extension slots are arranged on the inner circumferential side of the mounting cylinder, and multiple extension slots are respectively communicated with the connection parts of multiple second guiding teeth. The driving column can be clamped into the extension slots.

[0013] Further, a locking block is further arranged on the driving rod, and the locking block can be clamped at the end of the first chute.

[0014] A guiding puncture needle uses a femoral head guide, including: A puncture needle body which can sequentially pass through the needle inlet, the guiding sleeve and the needle outlet and penetrate out; and A limiting component arranged on the puncture needle body to limit the puncture depth thereof.

[0015] Further, the limiting component includes: A limiting sleeve slidably sleeved on the puncture needle body; and A setscrew screwed on the limiting sleeve, and the end thereof abuts against the puncture needle body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. When the femoral head guide is in use, slide the sliding housing so that the needle outlet at its end abuts against the femoral head, and cooperate with the guide body to fix its position on the femoral head. Then pull the driving rod to slide it in the housing. During the sliding process of the driving rod, the rotation of the mounting cylinder in the housing can be controlled through the driving mechanism, so that different guiding sleeves are aligned with the needle inlet and the needle outlet, so as to conveniently and quickly select a guiding sleeve with a suitable inner diameter for use, without the need to separately replace the guiding sleeve when the inner diameter of the guiding sleeve does not match, and at the same time, there is no need to reposition the guide again, which can effectively save the operation time.

[0017] 2. When the guiding puncture needle used in cooperation with the femoral head guide is in use, the limiting sleeve can be slid on the puncture needle body according to the puncture depth, and by rotating the setscrew, the end thereof abuts against the puncture needle body. Then insert the puncture needle body into the needle inlet, and after passing through the guiding sleeve, it extends out of the needle outlet for puncture. When the puncture needle body punctures to the specified depth, the limiting sleeve abuts against the needle inlet, thereby limiting the puncture needle body, effectively avoiding that the puncture needle body is inserted too deeply during the puncture process and punching through the femoral head, or due to too short puncture distance, the fractured or necrotic femoral head cannot be stably supported. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the specific embodiments. In all the drawings, the components or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

[0019] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the usage state of a femoral head guide and a guide puncture needle provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of the puncture needle body in a femoral head guide and a guide puncture needle of the present invention; Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the housing in a femoral head guide and a guide puncture needle of the present invention; Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the housing and its internal parts in a femoral head guide and a guide puncture needle of the present invention; Figure 5 For Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of area A in Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the drive rod in a femoral head guide and a guide puncture needle of the present invention; Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the mounting cylinder in a femoral head guide and a guide puncture needle of the present invention; Figure 8 For Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of area B in

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. First arc-shaped frame; 12. Connecting frame; 13. Second arc-shaped frame; 14. Positioning rod; 15. Mounting ring; 16. Third arc-shaped frame; 17. Support rod; 18. Support block; 2. Puncture needle body; 21. Limiting sleeve; 22. Set screw; 3. Housing; 31. Needle inlet; 32. Needle outlet; 33. Positioning hole; 4. Mounting cylinder; 41. Mounting hole; 42. First sliding groove; 43. Limiting groove; 44. Limiting plate; 45. First guiding tooth; 46. Second guiding tooth; 47. Extension groove; 5. Guide sleeve; 51. Limiting column; 52. Slide block; 53. Second elastic member; 6. Drive rod; 61. Locking block; 62. Baffle; 63. First elastic member; 64. Drive sleeve; 65. Second sliding groove; 66. Drive column. Specific embodiments

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above application content.

[0022] Embodiment: As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the present invention provides a femoral head guide, which includes a guide body. A housing 3 is slidably arranged at the end of the guide body. An injection port 31 and an outlet port 32 located on the same axis are respectively arranged at both ends of the housing 3. The guide body includes a first arc-shaped frame 1. An installation ring 15 is arranged at the end of the first arc-shaped frame 1. An installation cylinder 4 is slidably arranged along its axis at the end of the installation ring 15. A connection frame 12 is slidably sleeved on the first arc-shaped frame 1. A second arc-shaped frame 13 is rotatably arranged on the connection frame 12. A slidable positioning rod 14 is arranged at the end of the second arc-shaped frame 13. A third arc-shaped frame 16 is hinged to one side of the first arc-shaped frame 1. A support rod 17 is slidably arranged at the end of the third arc-shaped frame 16. A support block 18 is arranged at the end of the support rod 17. The positions of the installation cylinder 4, the third arc-shaped frame 16 and the connection frame 12 on the first arc-shaped frame 1, the position of the second arc-shaped frame 13 on the connection frame 12, the position of the positioning rod 14 on the second arc-shaped frame 13, and the position of the support rod 17 on the third arc-shaped frame 16 can all be fixed by screw knobs.

[0023] When the femoral head guide is in use, the installation cylinder 4 can be slid in the installation ring 15, and the position of the installation cylinder 4 can be fixed by a screw knob, so that the outlet port 32 abuts against one side of the femoral head. Then, the connection frame 12 is slid on the first arc-shaped frame 1, and then the second arc-shaped frame 13 is rotated on the connection frame 12. The positions of the connection frame 12 and the second arc-shaped frame 13 are fixed by screw knobs. The positioning rod 14 is slid in the second arc-shaped frame 13, so that the end of the positioning rod 14 abuts against the other side of the femoral head. Finally, the third arc-shaped frame 16 is rotated and the angle between it and the first arc-shaped frame 1 is fixed by a screw knob. Then, the support rod 17 is slid, and the position of the support rod 17 on the third arc-shaped frame 16 is fixed by a screw knob. In this way, the femoral head guide can be firmly supported on the femoral head in the form of three-point fixation. The subsequent puncture process does not require manual assistance, improving the accuracy and stability of the puncture. It can be understood that in some embodiments, the outlet port 32 can be provided with serrations to increase its fixing effect. The end of the positioning rod 14 can be provided as a spherical shape and placed in the depression of the femoral head during installation to avoid damaging the soft tissue of the femoral head.

[0024] As Figures 4 to 8As shown, in this embodiment, an installation cylinder 4 is rotatably arranged in a housing 3. A plurality of groups of installation holes 41 are circumferentially spaced on the installation cylinder 4. A plurality of guide sleeves 5 with different inner diameters are arranged in the plurality of groups of installation holes 41. A driving rod 6 is slidably inserted into the housing 3 along its axis. The driving rod 6 is connected to the installation cylinder 4 through a driving mechanism to convert a single sliding of the driving rod 6 into a rotation of the installation cylinder 4 by an angle between two adjacent installation holes 41. The driving mechanism includes a driving column 66 arranged at the end of the driving rod 6. A baffle 62 is fixedly arranged on the driving rod 6. A first elastic member 63 is arranged between the baffle 62 and the inner side of the installation cylinder 4. A guide groove is formed on the inner circumferential side of the installation cylinder 4. The guide groove includes a plurality of groups of circumferentially arranged first guiding teeth 45 and second guiding teeth 46. The first guiding teeth 45 and the second guiding teeth 46 are arranged alternately. The driving column 66 is clamped in the guide groove and can abut against the first guiding teeth 45 or the second guiding teeth 46.

[0025] In the initial state, one group of the guide sleeves 5 is aligned with the needle insertion port 31 and the needle exit port 32, so as to perform puncture positioning and guiding. And when the inner diameter of the guide sleeve 5 does not match the needle, the driving rod 6 can be pulled. During the sliding of the driving rod 6, the first elastic member 63 is compressed. At this time, the driving column 66 moves upward and drives the installation cylinder 4 to rotate a certain angle through the inclined surface of the first guiding teeth 45. Then the driving rod 6 is released. The first elastic member 63 controls the driving rod 6 to reset. During the reset process of the driving column 66, it can also push the installation cylinder 4 to rotate a certain distance through the inclined surface of the second guiding teeth 46, so that the entire installation cylinder 4 rotates a certain angle, and the angle is the included angle between the connecting lines of the centers of two adjacent installation holes 41 and the center of the installation cylinder 4. It should be noted that the tops of the first guiding teeth 45 and the second guiding teeth 46 are inclined in one direction, so as to control the one-way rotation of the installation cylinder 4, that is, to move an adjacent group of guide sleeves 5 to be aligned with the needle insertion port 31 and the needle exit port 32, which is convenient for quickly replacing the guide sleeves 5 with different inner diameters for puncture positioning.

[0026] As Figures 4 to 8As shown, in this embodiment, a positioning hole 33 coinciding with the needle outlet 32 is provided in the housing 3. The end of one set of guide sleeves 5 is slidably inserted into the positioning hole 33. The driving rod 6 is connected to multiple sets of guide sleeves 5 through a linkage mechanism to convert the sliding of the driving rod 6 into driving the guide sleeves 5 to disengage from the positioning hole 33. Multiple first sliding grooves 42 are provided on the circumferential side of the mounting cylinder 4. A limiting groove 43 is provided on the first sliding groove 42. A limiting post 51 is provided on the guide sleeve 5. The limiting post 51 is slidably clamped in the limiting groove 43. A limiting plate 44 is provided on the first sliding groove 42. A slider 52 is sleeved on the limiting post 51. The slider 52 is slidably arranged in the first sliding groove 42. A second elastic member 53 is provided between the slider 52 and the limiting plate 44. The linkage mechanism is connected to the limiting post 51. The linkage mechanism includes a driving sleeve 64 sleeved on the driving rod 6 that can rotate along its axis. Multiple second sliding grooves 65 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the driving sleeve 64. The ends of multiple limiting posts 51 are respectively slidably clamped in multiple second sliding grooves 65. It also includes multiple extension grooves 47. Multiple extension grooves 47 are all arranged on the inner circumferential side of the mounting cylinder 4. Multiple extension grooves 47 are respectively communicated with the connection parts of multiple second guiding teeth 46. The driving column 66 can be clamped into the extension groove 47.

[0027] In the initial state, the driving rod 6 is clamped at the end of the extension groove 47. The end of one set of guide sleeves 5 is slidably inserted into the positioning hole 33. The position of the guide sleeve 5 is assisted in positioning through the positioning hole 33, avoiding displacement of the guide sleeve 5 during the puncture process, which may cause deviation in the puncture position and improving the stability during puncture. When replacing the guide sleeve 5, the driving rod 6 is pulled to move. In the initial state, the driving column 66 moves in the extension groove 47, so that the mounting cylinder 4 is not controlled to rotate. And through the cooperation of the second sliding groove 65 on the driving sleeve 64, the limiting post 51 is driven to move, so that one set of guide sleeves 5 located in the positioning hole 33 slides out of the positioning hole 33, and the second elastic member 53 is compressed by the sliding of the slider 52. After the driving column 66 continues to slide and controls the mounting cylinder 4 to rotate through the driving mechanism, under the action of the second elastic member 53, a new set of guide sleeves 5 is controlled to extend into the positioning hole 33 to assist in supporting this set of guide sleeves 5.

[0028] As Figure 4 、 6 As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in this embodiment, a locking block 61 is further provided on the driving rod 6. The locking block 61 can be clamped at the end of the first sliding groove 42. During the sliding process of the driving rod 6, first, the locking block 61 is controlled to disengage from the first sliding groove 42, and then the mounting cylinder 4 is controlled to rotate through the driving mechanism. After the rotation is completed, the locking block 61 is clamped into a new set of first sliding grooves 42 to fix the position of the mounting cylinder 4, thereby effectively preventing the mounting cylinder 4 from rotating during the puncture process, which may cause the puncture needle to bend, and further improving the reliability of the femoral head guide during use.

[0029] AsFigure 1 , 2 As shown in 2 , in this embodiment, a guiding puncture needle uses the above-mentioned femoral head guide. It includes a puncture needle body 2. The puncture needle body 2 can sequentially pass through the needle inlet 31, the guiding sleeve 5, and the needle outlet 32 and penetrate out. A limiting component is provided on the puncture needle body 2 to limit the puncture depth through the limiting component. The limiting component includes a limiting sleeve 21 slidably sleeved on the puncture needle body 2. A set screw 22 is screwed on the limiting sleeve 21, and the end of the set screw 22 abuts against the puncture needle body 2.

[0030] When the guiding puncture needle used in cooperation with this femoral head guide is in use, the limiting sleeve 21 can be slid on the puncture needle body 2 according to the needle insertion depth, and by rotating the set screw 22, its end abuts against the puncture needle body 2. Then, the puncture needle body 2 is inserted into the needle inlet 31, and after passing through the guiding sleeve 5, it extends out of the needle outlet 32 for puncture. When the puncture needle body 2 punctures to the specified depth, the limiting sleeve 21 abuts against the needle inlet 31, thereby limiting the puncture needle body 2, effectively avoiding that the puncture needle body 2 is inserted excessively and pierces through the femoral head during the puncture process, or being unable to stably support the fractured or necrotic femoral head due to too short puncture distance.

[0031] Specific usage method and beneficial effects of the present invention: When this femoral head guide is in use, slide the housing 3 so that the needle outlet 32 at its end abuts against the femoral head, and cooperate with the guide body to fix its position on the femoral head. Then, pull the driving rod 6 to make it slide in the housing 3. During the sliding process of the driving rod 6, the installation cylinder 4 can be controlled to rotate in the housing 3 through the driving mechanism, so that different guiding sleeves 5 are aligned with the needle inlet 31 and the needle outlet 32, so as to conveniently and quickly select a guiding sleeve 5 with a suitable inner diameter for use, without the need to separately replace the guiding sleeve 5 when the inner diameter of the guiding sleeve 5 does not match, and at the same time, there is no need to reposition the guide again, which can effectively save the operation time.

[0032] When the guiding puncture needle used in cooperation with this femoral head guide is in use, the limiting sleeve 21 can be slid on the puncture needle body 2 according to the needle insertion depth, and by rotating the set screw 22, its end abuts against the puncture needle body 2. Then, the puncture needle body 2 is inserted into the needle inlet 31, and after passing through the guiding sleeve 5, it extends out of the needle outlet 32 for puncture. When the puncture needle body 2 punctures to the specified depth, the limiting sleeve 21 abuts against the needle inlet 31, thereby limiting the puncture needle body 2, effectively avoiding that the puncture needle body 2 is inserted excessively and pierces through the femoral head during the puncture process, or being unable to stably support the fractured or necrotic femoral head due to too short puncture distance.

[0033] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments. Based on the present invention, some modifications or improvements can be made, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A femoral head guide, characterized in that, It includes: A guide body, at the end of which a housing (3) is slidably arranged. At both ends of the housing (3), a needle insertion port (31) and a needle outlet port (32) located on the same axis are respectively arranged. An installation cylinder (4), which is rotatably arranged in the housing (3). A plurality of groups of installation holes (41) are circumferentially spaced on the installation cylinder (4), and a plurality of guide sleeves (5) with different inner diameters are arranged in the plurality of groups of installation holes (41); and A driving rod (6), which is slidably inserted into the housing (3) along its axis and is connected to the installation cylinder (4) through a driving mechanism to convert the single - slide of the driving rod (6) into driving the installation cylinder (4) to rotate by an angle between two adjacent installation holes (41).

2. The femoral head guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide body includes: A first arc - shaped frame (1), with an installation ring (15) at its end. The installation cylinder (4) is slidably arranged along its axis at the end of the installation ring (15). A connecting frame (12), which is slidably sleeved on the first arc - shaped frame (1). A second arc - shaped frame (13) is rotatably arranged on the connecting frame (12), and a slidable positioning rod (14) is arranged at the end of the second arc - shaped frame (13); and A third arc - shaped frame (16), which is hinged on one side of the first arc - shaped frame (1). A slidable support rod (17) is arranged at the end of the third arc - shaped frame (16), and a support block (18) is arranged at the end of the support rod (17).

3. The femoral head guide according to claim 2, wherein: The positions of the installation cylinder (4), the third arc - shaped frame (16) and the connecting frame (12) on the first arc - shaped frame (1), the position of the second arc - shaped frame (13) on the connecting frame (12), the position of the positioning rod (14) on the second arc - shaped frame (13), and the position of the support rod (17) on the third arc - shaped frame (16) can all be fixed by a threaded knob.

4. A femoral head guide according to claim 1, wherein The driving mechanism includes: A driving column (66), which is arranged at the end of the driving rod (6), and a baffle (62) is fixedly arranged on the driving rod (6); A first elastic member (63), which is arranged between the baffle (62) and the inner side of the installation cylinder (4); and A guide groove, which is opened on the inner circumferential side of the installation cylinder (4). The guide groove includes a plurality of groups of circumferentially arranged first guiding teeth (45) and second guiding teeth (46), and the first guiding teeth (45) and the second guiding teeth (46) are arranged alternately. The driving column (66) is clamped in the guide groove and can abut against the first guiding teeth (45) or the second guiding teeth (46).

5. A femoral head guide according to claim 4, characterized in that: A positioning hole (33) coinciding with the needle outlet port (32) is arranged in the housing (3). The end of one group of the guide sleeves (5) is slidably inserted into the positioning hole (33), and the driving rod (6) is connected to the plurality of groups of guide sleeves (5) through a linkage mechanism to convert the slide of the driving rod (6) into driving the guide sleeve (5) to disengage from the positioning hole (33).

6. The femoral head guide according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of first sliding grooves (42) are formed on the circumferential side of the installation cylinder (4), a limiting groove (43) is formed in the first sliding groove (42), a limiting post (51) is arranged on the guiding sleeve (5), the limiting post (51) is slidably clamped in the limiting groove (43), a limiting plate (44) is arranged on the first sliding groove (42), a sliding block (52) is sleeved on the limiting post (51), the sliding block (52) is slidably arranged in the first sliding groove (42), a second elastic member (53) is arranged between the sliding block (52) and the limiting plate (44), and the linkage mechanism is connected to the limiting post (51).

7. A femoral head guide according to claim 6, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism includes: a driving sleeve (64) rotatably sleeved on the driving rod (6) along its axis, a plurality of second sliding grooves (65) are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the driving sleeve (64), and the end portions of the plurality of limiting posts (51) are respectively slidably clamped in the plurality of second sliding grooves (65); and extension grooves (47), a plurality of which are provided and are all arranged on the inner circumferential side of the installation cylinder (4), the plurality of extension grooves (47) are respectively communicated with the connection parts of the plurality of second guiding teeth (46), and the driving column (66) can be clamped into the extension groove (47).

8. A femoral head guide according to claim 6, characterized in that: A locking block (61) is further arranged on the driving rod (6), and the locking block (61) can be clamped at the end of the first sliding groove (42).

9. A guiding puncture needle, using a femoral head guide as described in claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes: a puncture needle body (2) which can sequentially pass through the needle insertion port (31), the guiding sleeve (5) and the needle outlet port (32) and penetrate out; and a limiting assembly arranged on the puncture needle body (2) to limit the puncture depth thereof.

10. The guiding puncture needle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The limiting assembly includes: a limiting sleeve (21) slidably sleeved on the puncture needle body (2); and a setscrew (22) screwed on the limiting sleeve (21), and the end of the setscrew (22) abuts against the puncture needle body (2).

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