Continuous zoom lens, continuous zoom microscope and wide-field imaging system

Abstract

The invention provides a continuous zoom lens, a continuous zoom microscope and a wide-field imaging system, the continuous zoom lens comprises four lens groups, the second lens group and the third lens group can move along an optical axis so as to adjust the air space between the second lens group and the front lens group and the air space between the third lens group and the rear lens group, and therefore continuous zoom is achieved. The continuous zoom lens is combined with the zoom lens, the double-color piece and the filter to form the continuous zoom microscope for optical imaging, so that integrated design and processing are facilitated, debugging is convenient and fast, the procedure of optical axis adjustment is omitted, the probability of optical axis deviation caused by optical axis adjustment is reduced, and the imaging quality is improved; the diamond NV color center fluorescence imaging material is designed according to the working wave band of 630-750 nm, and when the diamond NV color center fluorescence imaging material is applied to diamond NV color center fluorescence imaging, the diamond NV color center fluorescence imaging material can be well matched with the NV color center fluorescence wave band, and aberration is reduced. On the basis of a microscope, the wide-field imaging system based on the diamond NV color center is provided, continuous zoom adjustment can be achieved, and the imaging quality can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical imaging, and particularly to a continuously variable magnification lens, a continuously variable magnification microscope, and a wide-field imaging system. Background Art

[0002] Quantum wide-field imaging technology combines ODMR (Optical Detection Magnetic Resonance) technology and microscopic imaging technology, and can simultaneously meet wide-field and high-spatial-resolution magnetic imaging. When performing wide-field imaging based on nitrogen-vacancy color centers, a fixed-magnification microscope and an FA lens combination are generally used. This imaging system has deficiencies. On the one hand, the magnification of the fixed-magnification microscope lens is fixed and cannot achieve continuous variable magnification. On the other hand, since the optical elements in the optical path system generally come from different manufacturers, it is not convenient to assemble them using an integrated structure. Even if a specifically customized and matched integrated structure is used, it is expensive. Generally, only a connecting rod is used for fixed connection, making each element independently arranged, with a relatively large amount of movable space. When assembling and using or being interfered by the environment, debugging is required. When debugging, it is necessary to ensure that the optical axes of each element are collinear, which is relatively difficult, and the optical axis deviation often occurs. At this time, vignetting, pupil mismatch and other adverse phenomena will occur, reducing the overall system imaging quality. Moreover, the assembled structure has a large size, which makes the externally added coil magnetic field structure increase accordingly, and the overall size of the optical path system is large, which is not conducive to miniaturization design. On the other hand, since all the selected imaging elements have design indicators within the visible light wavelength range and the main wavelength is 587 nm, for the detection of NV color center system fluorescence (mostly within 637 - 800 nm), the wavelengths do not match, resulting in aberration generation, thereby reducing the imaging quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuously variable magnification lens, a continuously variable magnification microscope, and a wide-field imaging system, which are used to solve the problems in the prior art that the fixed-magnification lens in the imaging microscope cannot achieve continuous variable magnification; the elements in the microscope are not conducive to integrated assembly, making debugging more difficult, and the optical axis deviation is likely to occur during debugging, resulting in poor imaging quality; when used for diamond NV color center fluorescence detection, the design indicators of the existing imaging elements are all within the visible light range, which does not match the fluorescence wavelength and is prone to aberration.

[0004] To achieve the above object and other related objects, the first aspect of the present invention provides a continuously variable magnification lens, which sequentially includes, along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side: A first lens group, including a first meniscus lens, a first double convex lens that are sequentially arranged from the object side to the image side and are cemented into a first cemented lens, and a second meniscus lens, a second double convex lens that are cemented into a second cemented lens; The second lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, a third meniscus lens and a first biconcave lens that are cemented to form a third cemented lens, and a fourth meniscus lens and a second biconcave lens that are cemented to form a fourth cemented lens; The third lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, a fifth meniscus lens and a third biconvex lens that are cemented to form a fifth cemented lens, and a sixth meniscus lens and a fourth biconvex lens that are cemented to form a sixth cemented lens; The fourth lens group includes, from the object side to the image side, a seventh meniscus lens and an eighth meniscus lens that are cemented to form a seventh cemented lens; The aperture stop is located between the fourth cemented lens and the fifth cemented lens; The surfaces of the third meniscus lens and the fourth meniscus lens facing the object side are concave surfaces, and the surfaces of the meniscus lenses in other cemented lenses facing the object side are convex surfaces; The second lens group and the third lens group can move along the optical axis to adjust the air spacing between them and the front and rear lens groups.

[0005] Further, the air spacing d1 between the first lens group and the second lens group is 10.51 mm ≤ d1 ≤ 20.94 mm, the air spacing d2 between the second lens group and the aperture stop is 0.29 mm ≤ d2 ≤ 10.72 mm, the air spacing d3 between the aperture stop and the third lens group is 0.12 mm ≤ d3 ≤ 23.71 mm, and the air spacing d4 between the third lens group and the fourth lens group is 23.34 mm ≤ d4 ≤ 46.93 mm.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objects, a second aspect of the present invention provides a continuously variable magnification microscope for optical imaging, which sequentially includes, along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side: the continuously variable magnification lens, the auxiliary lens, the dichroic filter, and the filter as described in any one of the first aspect.

[0007] Further, along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side, the auxiliary lens sequentially includes: A ninth meniscus lens and a tenth meniscus lens with concave surfaces facing the object side that are cemented to form an eighth cemented lens, a fifth biconvex lens and a plano-concave lens with a concave surface facing the object side that are cemented to form a ninth cemented lens, an eleventh meniscus lens with a concave surface facing the image side and a sixth biconvex lens that are cemented to form a tenth cemented lens, a plano-convex lens with a convex surface facing the image side and a plano-concave lens with a concave surface facing the object side that are cemented to form an eleventh cemented lens, a seventh biconvex lens and a third biconcave lens that are cemented to form a twelfth cemented lens.

[0008] Further, it further includes a beam splitter, which is located between the dichroic mirror and the filter. Along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side, the telephoto lens sequentially includes: an eighth biconvex lens and a twelfth meniscus lens cemented into a thirteenth cemented lens, a ninth biconvex lens and a thirteenth meniscus lens cemented into a fourteenth cemented lens, a tenth biconvex lens and a fourteenth meniscus lens cemented into a fifteenth cemented lens, an eleventh biconvex lens and a fifteenth meniscus lens cemented into a sixteenth cemented lens, and a twelfth biconvex lens and a fourth biconcave lens cemented into a seventeenth cemented lens; the surfaces of the meniscus lenses in all the cemented lenses facing the object side are concave surfaces.

[0009] Further, the surface shape of the convex surface or concave surface of each lens is a spherical surface.

[0010] Further, taking the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side as the positive direction of the Z axis, the lateral direction perpendicular to the optical axis and on the left side of the optical axis direction as the positive direction of the X axis, and the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the optical axis and upward as the positive direction of the Y axis, the plane of the dichroic mirror is inclined by rotating 45 degrees around the X axis from the plane parallel to the XY plane towards the positive direction of the Z axis, and the plane of the adjacent lens behind it is inclined by rotating 45 degrees around the Y axis from the plane parallel to the XY plane towards the positive direction of the Z axis.

[0011] To achieve the above and other related purposes, the third aspect of the present invention provides a wide-field imaging system based on diamond NV color centers, and the imaging system includes: A continuously variable magnification microscope for optical imaging as described in any one of the second aspect; A diamond containing NV color centers, which is located between the object to be measured and the object side surface of the continuously variable magnification microscope; An imaging camera, which is located on the image side of the continuously variable magnification microscope; A laser source, which is used to irradiate the dichroic mirror with laser light, and the laser light is used to excite the NV color centers to generate fluorescence. After being reflected by the dichroic mirror, the laser light is transmitted through the telephoto lens and the variable magnification lens in sequence along the direction from the image side to the object side and then irradiates the diamond. The fluorescence generated by the diamond is transmitted through the continuously variable magnification microscope along the direction from the object side to the image side and then transmitted to the imaging camera to be collected and imaged; A microwave unit is used to radiate microwaves to the diamond; A control and processing unit, which is connected to the microwave unit and the imaging camera, is used to control the microwave frequency radiated by the microwave unit, read the imaging data output by the imaging camera, and process and analyze the imaging data.

[0012] Further, when a beam splitter is included in the continuously variable magnification microscope, it further includes an illumination light source, which is used to irradiate the beam splitter with illumination light. After being reflected by the beam splitter, the illumination light is transmitted through the dichroic mirror, the telephoto lens, and the variable magnification lens in sequence along the direction from the image side to the object side and then irradiates the object side. The illumination light reflected by the object side is transmitted through the continuously variable magnification microscope along the direction from the object side to the image side and then transmitted to the imaging camera to be collected and imaged.

[0013] Further, it further includes a bias magnetic field unit for applying a bias magnetic field to the diamond.

[0014] As described above, a continuous zoom lens, a continuous zoom microscope, and a wide-field imaging system of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: By providing four lens groups, where the first three lens groups are used for zoom adjustment and the fourth lens group is used to balance aberrations, and by adjusting the air spaces between the second lens group, the third lens group and the lens groups before and after them, continuous adjustment of zoom can be achieved, enabling different continuous zoom effects. In applications, it can be combined with a teleconverter or a reduction lens or a zoom lens, and thus can be applied to an optical microscope.

[0015] Combining the zoom lens with a teleconverter, and providing a dichroic filter and a filter, a microscope for optical imaging is formed. While achieving continuous zoom, it is convenient for integrated design and processing, with convenient debugging, eliminating the process of optical axis adjustment, and reducing the probability of optical axis deviation caused by optical axis adjustment, thereby improving the imaging quality; it is designed with a working wavelength range of 630 - 750 nm. When applied to the fluorescence imaging of diamond NV centers, it can better match the fluorescence wavelength band of the NV centers and reduce aberrations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the continuous zoom lens of the present invention; Figure 2 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a microscope for optical imaging of the present invention; Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 the optical path diagrams of the microscope in Figure 4 Shows Figure 2 the spot diagrams and MTF curves of the microscope in Figure 5 Shows another schematic structural diagram of a microscope for optical imaging of the present invention; Figure 6 Shows Figure 5 the optical path diagrams of the microscope in Figure 7 Shows Figure 5 the spot diagrams and MTF curves of the microscope in Figure 8 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a wide-field imaging system based on diamond NV centers of the present invention; Figure 9Shown is another schematic structural diagram of the wide-field imaging system based on diamond NV color centers of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0017] The following uses specific specific examples to illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0018] It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, only the components related to the present invention are shown in the diagrams, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The types, quantities, and ratios of the components in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0019] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a continuously variable zoom lens 1, which sequentially includes, along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side: A first lens group, including a first meniscus lens 111, a first biconvex lens 112 that are cemented into a first cemented lens 11 in sequence from the object side to the image side, and a second meniscus lens 121, a second biconvex lens 122 that are cemented into a second cemented lens 12; A second lens group, including a third meniscus lens 131, a first biconcave lens 132 that are cemented into a third cemented lens 13 in sequence from the object side to the image side, and a fourth meniscus lens 141, a second biconcave lens 142 that are cemented into a fourth cemented lens 14; A third lens group, including a fifth meniscus lens 151, a third biconvex lens 152 that are cemented into a fifth cemented lens 15 in sequence from the object side to the image side, and a sixth meniscus lens 161, a fourth biconvex lens 162 that are cemented into a sixth cemented lens 16; A fourth lens group, including a seventh meniscus lens 171, an eighth meniscus lens 172 that are cemented into a seventh cemented lens 17 in sequence from the object side to the image side; A diaphragm 10, located between the fourth cemented lens 14 and the fifth cemented lens 15; The object-side surfaces of the third meniscus lens 131 and the fourth meniscus lens 141 are concave surfaces, and the object-side surfaces of the meniscus lenses in other cemented lenses are convex surfaces; The second lens group and the third lens group can move along the optical axis to adjust the air spacing between them and the front and rear lens groups.

[0020] In this embodiment, four lens groups are provided. The first three lens groups are used for zoom adjustment, and the fourth lens group is used to balance aberrations. The continuous adjustment of zoom is achieved by adjusting the air gaps between the second lens group, the third lens group and the lens groups before and after them. In applications, it can be combined with a telephoto lens, a reducing lens or a zoom lens to achieve different continuous zoom effects, and thus can be applied to optical microscopes. The diaphragm is used to control the amount of light and select the position of the imaging beam for points outside the optical axis.

[0021] In this embodiment, the adjustment range of the air distance for adjusting the magnification from 1x to 4x is exemplarily given. Only the air gaps between the second lens group, the third lens group and the lens groups before and after them are adjusted, and other lens groups remain fixed. The air gap d1 between the first lens group and the second lens group is 10.51mm ≤ d1 ≤ 0.94mm, the air gap d2 between the second lens group and the diaphragm 10 is 0.29mm ≤ d2 ≤ 10.72mm, the air gap d3 between the diaphragm and the third lens group is 0.12mm ≤ d3 ≤ 23.71mm, and the air gap d4 between the third lens group and the fourth lens group is 23.34mm ≤ d4 ≤ 46.93mm. The focal length range of the first lens group is 15 < |f1| < 25, the focal length range of the second lens group is 15 < |f2| < 25; the focal length range of the third lens group is 30 < |f3| < 40; the focal length range of the fourth lens group is 1500 < |f4| < 1600.

[0022] Table 1 gives the parameters of each lens in the continuous zoom lens. Table 2 gives the parameters of each lens at 1x magnification. The central thickness Tc refers to the distance along the optical axis between the specified surface of the lens and the next surface. For the front surface and the cemented surface of the lens, the central thickness is the lens thickness, and for the rear surface of the lens, the central thickness is the air gap. Table 3 gives the adjusted air gaps at 1x, 2x, and 4x magnifications. The other parameters of the lens at 2x and 4x magnifications are the same as those in Table 2.

[0023] Table 1 Parameters of Lenses in Continuous Zoom Lens

[0024] Table 2 Parameters of Each Lens at 1x Magnification

[0025] Table 3 Adjusted Air Gaps at Different Magnifications

[0026] Table 3 shows that only the air spaces between the second lens group, the third lens group and the lens groups before and after them are adjusted, while the other air spaces remain the same. That is, the air spaces between the rear surface of the second biconvex lens 122 and the front surface of the third meniscus lens 131, between the rear surface of the second biconcave lens 142 and the diaphragm 10, between the diaphragm 10 and the front surface of the fifth meniscus lens 151, and between the rear surface of the fourth biconvex lens 162 and the front surface of the seventh meniscus lens 171 are changed, so as to obtain magnifications of 1x, 2x, and 4x. Other magnifications from 1x to 4x can be adjusted within the aforementioned d1 - d4 distance range. The central thickness of the rear surface of the eighth meniscus lens 172 is the distance from the front surface of another lens used in combination, such as a teleconverter lens, a zoom lens, or a reduction lens, etc. This distance can also be adjusted according to the design requirements of the latter lens.

[0027] The standard surfaces in the table are spherical for the convex or concave surfaces of the lenses, and planar for the surface with an infinite radius of curvature.

[0028] Example 2: As Figure 2 shown, this example provides a continuously variable magnification microscope 100 for optical imaging, which sequentially includes, along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side: the continuously variable magnification lens 1, the teleconverter lens 2, the dichroic filter 3, and the filter 4 in Example 1.

[0029] Among them, along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side, the teleconverter lens 2 sequentially includes: the ninth meniscus lens 211 and the tenth meniscus lens 212 with their concave surfaces facing the object side and cemented into the eighth cemented lens 21, the fifth biconvex lens 221 and the first plano - concave lens 222 with its concave surface facing the object side and cemented into the ninth cemented lens 22, the eleventh meniscus lens 231 with its concave surface facing the image side and the sixth biconvex lens 232 and cemented into the tenth cemented lens 23, the plano - convex lens 241 with its convex surface facing the image side and the second plano - concave lens 242 with its concave surface facing the object side and cemented into the eleventh cemented lens 24, the seventh biconvex lens 251 and the third biconcave lens 252 and cemented into the twelfth cemented lens 25.

[0030] In this embodiment, by setting a zoom lens and a teleconverter lens, continuous zooming of the microscope is achieved by using the continuous zoom adjustment of the zoom lens and the fixed magnification of the teleconverter lens. Additionally, a dichroic filter and a filter are provided to achieve the separation and filtering of different lights, and it can be applied to optical imaging of photoluminescent materials such as diamond NV centers. On the one hand, while achieving continuous zooming, the microscope in this embodiment is composed of lenses, which is convenient for integrated design and processing, and has a low cost. For example, an optical-mechanical structure is used to integrate the lenses into a whole with a fixed optical axis. Only by adjusting the distance between lens groups can the switching of different magnifications be achieved, eliminating the process of optical axis adjustment. The debugging operation is convenient, and the probability of optical axis deviation caused by optical axis adjustment is reduced, thereby improving the imaging quality; moreover, it has a high degree of integration, a small size, and is conducive to miniaturized design. On the other hand, the numerical aperture of the overall microscope is 0.15, and the working wavelength range is 630 - 750 nm (630 nm, weight 0.5; 700 nm, weight 1; 750 nm, weight 0.5). When applied to the fluorescence imaging of diamond NV centers, it can better match the fluorescence wavelength band of the NV center, greatly reducing aberration and improving the imaging quality.

[0031] As Figure 2 shown, with the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side as the positive Z-axis, the transverse direction perpendicular to the optical axis and on the left side facing the optical axis direction as the positive X-axis ( Figure 2 the positive X-axis in

[0032] is actually perpendicular to the paper surface and into the paper), and the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the optical axis and upward as the positive Y-axis, the plane of the dichroic filter 3 is tilted 45 degrees from parallel to the XY plane around the X-axis and towards the positive Z-axis, and the plane of the filter 4 is tilted 45 degrees from parallel to the XY plane around the Y-axis and towards the positive Z-axis. The compensating effect of the tilts of the two can effectively reduce the astigmatism introduced by the tilt of a single lens and ensure the imaging quality. Figure 3 shown, when the magnifications of 5x, 10x, and 20x are given as examples, the optical path diagrams in the microscope are Figure 4 shown for the microscope at magnifications of 5x ( Figure 4 a), 10x ( Figure 4 b), and 20x ( Figure 4 c), along with the spot diagrams (under three fields of view) and MTF curves. It can be seen from the figure that the spot RMS is basically within the Airy disk range, and the MTF modulus is close to the diffraction limit, showing excellent imaging effects.

[0033] Among them, the focal length range of the eighth cemented lens 21 is 50 < |f 21 | < 60, and the focal length range of the ninth cemented lens 22 is 65 < |f 22|< 75, the focal length range of the tenth cemented lens 23 is 15 < | f 23 |< 25, the focal length range of the eleventh cemented lens 24 is 120 < | f 24 |< 125, the focal length range of the twelfth cemented lens 25 is 40 < | f 25 |< 50.

[0034] Table 4 gives the parameters of each lens in the telephoto lens in this embodiment. Table 5 gives the parameters of each lens surface in the microscope. The lens materials exemplarily given in Table 1 and Table 4 have a relatively high transmittance in the working wavelength range of 630 nm - 750 nm, above 80%, and by using different materials in combination, chromatic aberration and spherical aberration can be corrected to optimize the imaging effect.

[0035] Table 4 Parameters of the Telephoto Lens and Other Lenses in Embodiment 2

[0036] Table 5 Parameters of Each Lens Surface in the Microscope in Embodiment 2

[0037] The continuously variable magnification microscope provided in this embodiment can achieve an imaging size of about 11 mm and can be matched with a camera with a target surface size of 2 / 3 inch.

[0038] Embodiment 3: As Figure 5 shown, this embodiment provides a continuously variable magnification microscope 100 for optical imaging. Different from Embodiment 2, it further includes a beam splitter 5, which is located between the dichroic mirror 3 and the filter 4. The beam splitter 5 is used to receive the illumination light source and transmit the illumination light from the object side to the image side for imaging.

[0039] The plane of the beam splitter 5 in this embodiment is inclined by rotating 45 degrees around the Y axis and towards the positive Z axis from being parallel to the XY plane to reduce the astigmatism introduced by the inclination of the dichroic mirror, while the plane of the filter 4 is parallel to the XY plane.

[0040] Along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side, the telephoto lens 2 sequentially includes: the eighth biconvex lens 261 and the twelfth meniscus lens 262 cemented into the thirteenth cemented lens 26, the ninth biconvex lens 271 and the thirteenth meniscus lens 272 cemented into the fourteenth cemented lens 27, the tenth biconvex lens 281 and the fourteenth meniscus lens 282 cemented into the fifteenth cemented lens 28, the eleventh biconvex lens 291 and the fifteenth meniscus lens 292 cemented into the sixteenth cemented lens 29, and the twelfth biconvex lens 201 and the fourth biconcave lens 202 cemented into the seventeenth cemented lens 20; the surface of the meniscus lens facing the object side in all the cemented lenses is concave.

[0041] Among them, the focal length range of the thirteenth cemented lens 26 is 160 < |f26| < 175, the focal length range of the fourteenth cemented lens 27 is 40 < |f27| < 50, the focal length range of the fifteenth cemented lens 28 is 35 < |f26| < 45, and the focal length range of the sixteenth cemented lens 29 is 135 < |f29| < 145; the focal length range of the seventeenth cemented lens 20 is 55 < |f20| < 70. Table 6 gives the parameters of each lens in the telephoto lens of this embodiment. Table 7 gives the parameters of each lens surface in the microscope.

[0042] Table 6 Parameters of the telephoto lens and other lenses in Embodiment 3

[0043] Table 7 Parameters of each lens surface in the microscope in Embodiment 3

[0044] As Figure 6 shown, the optical path diagram in the microscope is exemplarily given at magnification factors of 5x, 10x, and 20x. Figure 7 For the microscope at magnification factors of 5x ( Figure 7 a), 10x ( Figure 7 b), and 20x ( Figure 7 c), the spot diagrams (under three fields of view) and MTF curves are shown. It can be seen from the figure that the spot RMS is basically within the Airy disk range, and the MTF modulus is close to the diffraction limit, showing excellent imaging effects. The continuously variable magnification microscope provided in this embodiment can achieve an imaging size of about 11 mm and can be matched with a camera with a target surface size of 2 / 3 inch.

[0045] Embodiment 4: As Figure 8 shown, this embodiment provides a wide-field imaging system based on a diamond NV color center, including: the continuously variable magnification microscope 100 in Embodiment 2, a diamond 200 containing NV color centers, a laser source 300, an imaging camera 400, a microwave unit 500, and a control and processing unit 900.

[0046] The wide-field imaging system of this embodiment can achieve the aforementioned continuous variable magnification, and the microscope can be integrally designed and processed. After integration, it only needs to be connected to the imaging camera and a laser source interface is left, and then an external light source can be directly connected, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the entire system. The variable magnification is achieved only by adjusting the distance between lens groups, which is convenient for debugging and is not prone to the phenomenon of optical axis deviation caused by the need to adjust the optical axis. The imaging wavelength range matches the fluorescence wavelength band of the NV color center, which can reduce aberration and improve imaging quality.

[0047] The diamond 200 is located between the test piece 700 and the object side of the continuously variable magnification microscope 100, and the imaging camera 400 is located on the image side of the continuously variable magnification microscope 100; the microwave unit 500 is used to radiate microwaves to the diamond 200; the laser source 300 is used to irradiate the dichroic mirror 3 with laser, and this laser is used to excite the NV centers to generate fluorescence. After being reflected by the dichroic mirror 3, the laser is transmitted through the booster lens 2 and the variable magnification lens 1 in sequence along the direction from the image side to the object side and then irradiates the diamond 200. The fluorescence generated by the diamond 200 is transmitted through the continuously variable magnification microscope 100 along the direction from the object side to the image side and then transmitted to the imaging camera 400 to be collected and imaged; the control and processing unit 900, connected to the microwave unit 500 and the imaging camera 400, is used to control the microwave frequency radiated by the microwave unit 500, read the imaging data output by the imaging camera 400, and process and analyze the imaging data.

[0048] The diamond 200 can be in a sheet structure to form wide-field imaging over a large range. The imaging camera 400 can be a CCD camera or a CMOS camera. The fluorescence generated by the diamond 200 is transmitted through the variable magnification lens 1, the booster lens 2, and the dichroic mirror 3 along the direction from the object side to the image side, and then filtered out by the filter 4 and collected and imaged by the imaging camera 400.

[0049] The microwave unit 500 can exemplarily include a microwave source 501, a microwave switch 502, a microwave amplifier 503, a microwave circulator 504, and a microwave antenna 505 connected in sequence. After the microwave generated by the microwave source 501 is transmitted to the microwave antenna 505, it is radiated by the microwave antenna 505 to the diamond 200. The microwave antenna 505 uses a coplanar waveguide antenna, and the sheet diamond is located in the central hole of the coplanar waveguide or below the central hole. For the test piece 700 to be detected, it is located on the object side of the continuously variable magnification microscope 100 (such as Figure 2 at the object plane), as shown in Figure 8 , the diamond is placed between the test piece and the object side of the continuously variable magnification microscope 100 (i.e., the front surface of the first meniscus lens 111), and close to the test surface of the test piece, or can be attached to the test surface, and physical quantities such as the magnetic field, current, and temperature of the test piece 700 are measured through wide-field imaging.

[0050] The control and processing module 900 exemplarily includes a control module for controlling the microwave frequency switching and a processing module for reading and processing and analyzing the imaging data transmitted by the imaging camera. The control module, for example, transmits a frequency switching pulse to the microwave source 501 to achieve frequency control, for example, to achieve frequency scanning, which can be exemplarily implemented by a host computer and a pulse board, and the pulse form can be a TTL signal. The processing module obtains the quantum state of the electron spin of the NV centers by analyzing the imaging data, or detects the magnetic field, temperature, etc. by plotting the ODMR spectrum, which can be exemplarily implemented by a host computer.

[0051] It further includes a bias magnetic field unit for applying a bias magnetic field to the diamond 200. The bias magnetic field can be used to adjust the resonance peak generated by the NV color center, so as to calculate the magnetic field vector using the change amount of the magnetic field in the axial direction of the color center, or to make the detection of weak magnetism by the color center work in the linear region, or to adjust the detection frequency band to improve the sensitivity of weak magnetism detection. The bias magnetic field unit includes a magnet 800, which can be an electromagnet or a permanent magnet.

[0052] Embodiment 5: As Figure 9 shown, on the basis of Embodiment 4, the wide-field imaging system in this embodiment uses the continuously variable magnification microscope 100 in Embodiment 3, and further includes an illumination light source 600 for irradiating illumination light to the beam splitter 5. The illumination light is reflected by the beam splitter 5 and then transmitted through the dichroic filter 3, the extender lens 2, and the zoom lens 1 in sequence along the direction from the image side to the object side and then irradiates the object side. The illumination light reflected by the object side is transmitted through the continuously variable magnification microscope 100 along the direction from the object side to the image side and then transmitted to the imaging camera 400 for collection and imaging.

[0053] The beam splitter 5 adopts a type with high transmittance and low reflectance to transmit more illumination light for imaging. For example, a beam splitter with a splitting ratio (T:R) of 9:1 is used. The illumination light uses red light or white light, preferably red light, to reduce heat generation under the same brightness. Since the photoluminescence of the diamond NV color center is red light (wavelength 637 - 800nm), and the wave plate 4 also filters out the corresponding red light, the imaging camera can only receive red light. If the illumination on the object side is weak, the object side observed on the image side is not clear enough to judge the state of the test piece. In this embodiment, illumination is added in the optical path for supplementary illumination. The illumination light emitted by the illumination light source 600 is irradiated to the beam splitter 5. The illumination light reflected by the beam splitter 5 is transmitted through the dichroic filter 3, the extender lens 2, and the zoom lens 1 in sequence and then irradiates the object side. The illumination light reflected by the object side is transmitted through the zoom lens 1, the extender lens 2, the dichroic filter 3, and the beam splitter 5, and then filtered by the filter 4 and collected by the imaging camera 400 for imaging. Figure 9 The inclination angles of the beam splitter 5 and the illumination light source 600 in

[0054] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous zoom lens, characterized in that, Along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side, it successively includes: The first lens group, including a first meniscus lens, a first biconvex lens that are cemented into a first cemented lens in sequence from the object side to the image side, a second meniscus lens, and a second biconvex lens that are cemented into a second cemented lens; The second lens group, including a third meniscus lens, a first biconcave lens that are cemented into a third cemented lens in sequence from the object side to the image side, a fourth meniscus lens, and a second biconcave lens that are cemented into a fourth cemented lens; The third lens group, including a fifth meniscus lens, a third biconvex lens that are cemented into a fifth cemented lens in sequence from the object side to the image side, a sixth meniscus lens, and a fourth biconvex lens that are cemented into a sixth cemented lens; The fourth lens group, including a seventh meniscus lens and an eighth meniscus lens that are cemented into a seventh cemented lens in sequence from the object side to the image side; The aperture stop, located between the fourth cemented lens and the fifth cemented lens; The surfaces of the third meniscus lens and the fourth meniscus lens facing the object side are concave surfaces, and the surfaces of the meniscus lenses in other cemented lenses facing the object side are convex surfaces; The second lens group and the third lens group can move along the optical axis to adjust the air spacing between them and the front and rear lens groups.

2. The continuous zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein: The air spacing d1 between the first lens group and the second lens group is 10.51mm ≤ d1 ≤ 20.94mm, the air spacing d2 between the second lens group and the aperture stop is 0.29mm ≤ d2 ≤ 10.72mm, the air spacing d3 between the aperture stop and the third lens group is 0.12mm ≤ d3 ≤ 23.71mm, and the air spacing d4 between the third lens group and the fourth lens group is 23.34mm ≤ d4 ≤ 46.93mm.

3. A continuously variable magnification microscope for optical imaging, characterized in that, Along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side, it successively includes: the continuous zoom lens, the teleconverter, the dichroic filter, and the filter as described in any one of claims 1-2.

4. The continuously variable magnification microscope for optical imaging according to claim 3, wherein: Along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side, the teleconverter successively includes: A ninth meniscus lens and a tenth meniscus lens with their concave surfaces facing the object side that are cemented into an eighth cemented lens, a fifth biconvex lens and a plano-concave lens with its concave surface facing the object side that are cemented into a ninth cemented lens, an eleventh meniscus lens with its concave surface facing the image side and a sixth biconvex lens that are cemented into a tenth cemented lens, a plano-convex lens with its convex surface facing the image side and a plano-concave lens with its concave surface facing the object side that are cemented into an eleventh cemented lens, a seventh biconvex lens and a third biconcave lens that are cemented into a twelfth cemented lens.

5. The continuously variable magnification microscope for optical imaging according to claim 3, characterized in that: It further includes a beam splitter, located between the dichroic filter and the filter. Along the optical axis direction from the object side to the image side, the teleconverter successively includes: an eighth biconvex lens and a twelfth meniscus lens that are cemented into a thirteenth cemented lens, a ninth biconvex lens and a thirteenth meniscus lens that are cemented into a fourteenth cemented lens, a tenth biconvex lens and a fourteenth meniscus lens that are cemented into a fifteenth cemented lens, an eleventh biconvex lens and a fifteenth meniscus lens that are cemented into a sixteenth cemented lens, and a twelfth biconvex lens and a fourth biconcave lens that are cemented into a seventeenth cemented lens; the surfaces of the meniscus lenses in all the cemented lenses facing the object side are concave surfaces.

6. The continuously variable magnification microscope for optical imaging according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that: The surface type of the convex or concave surface of each lens is a spherical surface.

7. The continuously variable magnification microscope for optical imaging according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: Taking the positive direction of the optical axis from the object side to the image side as the positive direction of the Z-axis, the positive direction of the X-axis as the transverse direction perpendicular to the optical axis and on the left side of the optical axis-facing direction, and the positive direction of the Y-axis as the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the optical axis and upward, the plane of the dichroic sheet is inclined by rotating 45 degrees around the X-axis from parallel to the XY plane towards the positive direction of the Z-axis, and the plane of the adjacent lens behind it is inclined by rotating 45 degrees around the Y-axis from parallel to the XY plane towards the positive direction of the Z-axis.

8. A wide-field imaging system based on diamond NV color centers, characterized in that, The imaging system includes: A continuously variable magnification microscope for optical imaging according to any one of claims 3-7; A diamond containing NV color centers, located between the object to be measured and the object side of the continuously variable magnification microscope; An imaging camera, located on the image side of the continuously variable magnification microscope; A laser source for irradiating a laser onto the dichroic sheet, the laser being used to excite the NV color centers to generate fluorescence. The laser is reflected by the dichroic sheet and then irradiates the diamond after passing through the multiplier lens and the zoom lens in sequence along the direction from the image side to the object side. The fluorescence generated by the diamond is transmitted through the continuously variable magnification microscope along the direction from the object side to the image side and then collected and imaged in the imaging camera; A microwave unit for radiating microwaves to the diamond; A control and processing unit, connected to the microwave unit and the imaging camera, for controlling the microwave frequency radiated by the microwave unit, reading the imaging data output by the imaging camera, and processing and analyzing the imaging data.

9. The wide-field imaging system based on diamond NV centers according to claim 8, wherein: When a beam splitter is included in the continuously variable magnification microscope, it further includes an illumination light source for irradiating illumination light onto the beam splitter. The illumination light is reflected by the beam splitter and then irradiates the object side after passing through the dichroic sheet, the multiplier lens, and the zoom lens in sequence along the direction from the image side to the object side. The illumination light reflected by the object side is transmitted through the continuously variable magnification microscope along the direction from the object side to the image side and then collected and imaged in the imaging camera.

10. The wide-field imaging system based on diamond NV color centers according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: It further includes a bias magnetic field unit for applying a bias magnetic field to the diamond.

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