Negative current collector for a lithium battery without negative electrode and method for manufacturing the same

By preparing a three-dimensional graphite elastomer and pre-lithiating it with lithium metal to form an SEI film, the problems of insufficient lithium affinity and dendrite formation in negative electrode-free lithium batteries were solved, thus improving the cycle stability and lifespan of the battery.

CN120341292BActive Publication Date: 2026-07-21展长振
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
展长振
Filing Date
2025-05-16
Publication Date
2026-07-21

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The negative electrode current collectors in existing negative electrode-less lithium batteries do not have strong lithium affinity and cannot effectively suppress dendrite formation. Furthermore, the repeated deposition of metallic lithium during charging and discharging causes volume changes, affecting the battery's cycle stability.

Method used

Using graphite as raw material, a three-dimensional graphite elastomer is formed by mixing it with intercalating agents and oxidants and then heating and heat-treating it. The elastomer is then pre-lithiated with lithium metal to form an SEI film, which enhances lithium affinity and mechanical strength, inhibits dendrite formation, and absorbs volume changes.

Benefits of technology

It improves the cycle stability and lifespan of electrodeless lithium batteries, enhances the utilization efficiency of lithium ions, reduces the consumption of lithium ions by the current collector, and improves the safety and energy density of the battery.

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Abstract

The application discloses a negative electrode current collector of a negative-electrode-free lithium battery and a preparation method thereof, and comprises the following steps: mixing graphite with intercalation agents and oxidizing agents to generate expanded graphite blocks, and after impurity removal, reduction, slicing and prelithiation, a negative electrode current collector is obtained. By selecting graphite as a raw material, compared with a metal foil current collector, the lithium affinity of the graphite is strong, and the generation of dendrites can be effectively inhibited. The expanded graphite blocks after impurity removal are subjected to reduction gas heat treatment, and a three-dimensional structure graphite elastomer is obtained, which has a structure similar to a sponge and has elasticity, can withstand the volume change in the repeated deposition process of the battery metal lithium, and maintains the cycle stability of the battery. The three-dimensional space structure can greatly enhance the capacity of bearing the metal lithium by adjusting the thickness of the current collector. In addition, the graphite slices are prelithiated to form an SEI film, which reduces the consumption of lithium ions by the graphite current collector itself, and can enhance the service life and safety of the negative-electrode-free lithium ion battery.
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