Data transmission method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for transmitting data, which can be applied to a star network communication technology, can avoid switching of hardware rate when equipment carries out service rate switching, and realizes reliable, rapid and lossless service rate switching. The method comprises the following steps that: sending end equipment maps service data into a data frame, and sends the data frame to receiving end equipment; wherein the number of bytes contained in the verification area of the data frame is determined according to the number of bytes bearing the service data in the data frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical communication, and more specifically, to a method and device for transmitting data. Background Art

[0002] In satellite communication technology, due to the large uncertainty in the communication environment between satellites and the continuous change of the communication distance between satellites caused by the constant movement of satellites, it is impossible to ensure the quality of the inter-satellite communication link. In order to ensure the reliable transmission of service data, the inter-satellite rate needs to be switched in real time according to the state of the inter-satellite communication link. Currently, the switching scheme of the inter-satellite rate is implemented by means of hardware rate matching. For example, optical modules with different rates and the hardware components connected thereto are switched. However, this switching process involves significant changes to the physical hardware, and the stability of the inter-satellite link cannot be guaranteed during the switching process. It is necessary to rely on a ground gateway station for auxiliary communication, resulting in a long switching time. In addition, due to the strong coupling between the service packets and management packets of the data frames for inter-satellite communication, when the inter-satellite link is interrupted, not only is it easy to cause the rate switching to fail, but it may even lead to the loss of management connection. Therefore, how to achieve stable, reliable, and secure inter-satellite data transmission is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method and device for transmitting data, which can avoid switching the hardware rate when the data transmission device switches the service rate, and achieve reliable, fast, and lossless service rate switching.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a method for transmitting data. This method can be executed by a sending-end device or by a component (such as a chip or a circuit) of the sending-end device. This application does not limit this. For the sake of description, the following takes the execution by the sending-end device as an example. The method includes: mapping service data into a data frame, where the number of bytes included in the check area of the data frame is determined according to the number of bytes carrying the service data in the data frame; and sending the data frame.

[0005] Based on the above solution, by changing the number of bytes in the redundant check area within the data frame, the number of bytes carrying service data in the data frame is simultaneously changed, so as to achieve the effect of switching the service rate. Without changing the data frame rate and the hardware rate, lossless and fast service rate switching is achieved.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: sending rate negotiation information, where the rate negotiation information is used to negotiate the service rate, and the rate negotiation information includes a first service rate of the service data, a second service rate of the service data, and a switching moment for switching the first service rate to the second service rate, where the first service rate and the second service rate are the amounts of data of the service data mapped to the data frame; switching the first service rate to the second service rate.

[0007] By carrying the original service rate, the switched service rate, and the switching moment in the rate negotiation information, it is possible to ensure that the sending device and the receiving device complete the rate switching simultaneously, ensuring the reliability of the rate switching, and thus improving the performance of system data transmission.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the rate negotiation information further includes: a negotiation state, where the negotiation state is used to indicate the negotiation phase when negotiating the service rate, and where switching the first service rate to the second service rate includes: switching the first service rate to the second service rate according to the negotiation state.

[0009] When the sending device and the receiving device perform rate switching according to the negotiation state, it is possible to enable the sending device and the receiving device to achieve autonomous rate switching.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the rate negotiation information further includes: a link state, where the link state is used to indicate that the communication link for transmitting the data frame is in a normal state or a fault state.

[0011] When the sending device and the receiving device perform rate switching according to the link state, it is possible to enable the sending device and the receiving device to perform rate switching after a fault occurs, further ensuring the reliability of the rate switching.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the rate negotiation information is carried in the overhead area of the data frame.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at least one byte of the overhead area is further used to carry identification information of the data frame, where the identification information is used to identify the data frame.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the data frame has an M-row and N-column structure, each column in the N columns is one byte, and M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1, and M and N are not both 1 at the same time.

[0015] Second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for transmitting data. This method can be executed by the receiving-end device, or by components (such as chips or circuits) of the receiving-end device. The present application does not limit this. For ease of description, the following takes the receiving-end device as an example for illustration. The method includes: receiving a data frame, where the number of bytes included in the check area of the data frame is determined according to the number of bytes carrying the service data in the data frame; demapping the service data from the data frame.

[0016] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the method further includes: receiving rate negotiation information, where the rate negotiation information is used to negotiate the service rate, and the rate negotiation information includes a first service rate of the service data, a second service rate of the service data, and a switching moment for switching the first service rate to the second service rate, where the first service rate and the second service rate are the data amounts of the service data mapped to the data frame; switching the first service rate to the second service rate according to the rate negotiation information.

[0017] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the rate negotiation information further includes: a negotiation status, where the negotiation status is used to indicate the negotiation stage when negotiating the service rate, and where switching the first service rate to the second service rate includes: switching the first service rate to the second service rate according to the negotiation status.

[0018] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the rate negotiation information further includes: a link status, where the link status is used to indicate whether the communication link for transmitting the data frame is in a normal state or a fault state.

[0019] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the rate negotiation information is carried in the overhead area of the data frame.

[0020] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, at least one byte of the overhead area is further used to carry identification information of the data frame, and the identification information is used to identify the data frame.

[0021] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the data frame has an M-row and N-column structure, each column in the N columns is one byte, and M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1, and M and N are not both 1 at the same time.

[0022] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for transmitting data. The device for transmitting data is used to execute the first aspect and any of its implementation manners described above. Specifically, the device for transmitting data includes a processor and a memory, where the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the device for transmitting data executes the first aspect and any of its implementation manners described above.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for transmitting data. The device for transmitting data is used to execute the second aspect and any of its implementation manners described above. Specifically, the device for transmitting data includes a processor and a memory, where the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the device for transmitting data executes the second aspect and any of its implementation manners described above.

[0024] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for transmitting data. The device for transmitting data is used to execute the method provided by the first aspect and any of its implementation manners. Specifically, the device for transmitting data may include units and / or modules (such as a processing unit, a transceiver unit) for executing the method provided by the first aspect and any of its implementation manners.

[0025] In one implementation manner, the device for transmitting data is a sending-end device. When the communication device is a sending-end device, the transceiver unit may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. The processing unit may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0026] In another implementation manner, the device for transmitting data may be a chip, a chip system, or a circuit in the sending-end device. At this time, the transceiver unit may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or a related circuit, etc. on the chip, the chip system, or the circuit; the processing unit may be at least one processor, a processing circuit, or a logic circuit, etc.

[0027] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for transmitting data. The device for transmitting data is used to execute the method provided by the second aspect and any of its implementation manners. Specifically, the device for transmitting data may include units and / or modules (such as a processing unit, a transceiver unit) for executing the method provided by the second aspect and any of its implementation manners.

[0028] In one implementation, the communication device is a receiving-end device. When the device for transmitting data is a receiving-end device, the transceiver unit may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. The processing unit may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0029] In another implementation, the communication device may be a chip, a chip system, or a circuit in the receiving-end device. At this time, the transceiver unit may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or a related circuit, etc. on the chip, the chip system, or the circuit; the processing unit may be at least one processor, a processing circuit, or a logic circuit, etc.

[0030] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a processor for executing the method provided in at least one of the first aspect and the second aspect above.

[0031] For operations such as sending, obtaining / receiving, etc. involved in the processor, if there is no special description, or if it does not conflict with its actual role or internal logic in the relevant description, it may be understood as operations such as outputting, receiving, and inputting by the processor, or it may also be understood as sending and receiving operations performed by the radio frequency circuit and the antenna. The present application does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0032] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions. When the computer program product runs on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the method provided in at least one of the first aspect and the second aspect above, and any implementation manner in each aspect.

[0033] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system including the device for transmitting data in the third aspect and the device for transmitting data in the fourth aspect.

[0034] In a tenth aspect, a chip is provided. The chip includes a processor and a communication interface. The processor reads instructions through the communication interface and executes the method provided in at least one of the first aspect and the second aspect above, and any implementation manner in each aspect.

[0035] Optionally, as an implementation manner, the chip further includes a memory. The memory stores a computer program or instructions. The processor is used to execute the computer program or instructions stored on the memory. When the computer program or instructions are executed, the processor is used to execute the method provided in at least one of the first aspect and the second aspect above, and any implementation manner in each aspect.

[0036] In the eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when running on a communication device, causes the communication device to execute at least one of the above-mentioned first aspect and second aspect, as well as the methods of any implementation manner in each aspect.

[0037] For the technical effects of the above second aspect to eleventh aspect, reference may be made to the technical effects of the first aspect, which will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The system architecture applicable to the embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a current satellite-to-satellite rate switching scheme.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic flowchart of the first method 300 for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a data frame 400 applicable to the embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the 10G data frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the 5G data frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic flowchart of the second method 700 for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first rate negotiation information provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second rate negotiation information provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the third rate negotiation information provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 11 It is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device 1100 provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 12 It is a possible schematic structural diagram of another data transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0050] The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] The following explanations are made to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present application.

[0052] First, for the written descriptions or terms in the drawings in the embodiments of the present application shown below, terms such as "first", "second", etc. and various numerical numbers are only for the convenience of description and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence, and do not limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, different service rates are distinguished.

[0053] Second, the terms "comprising" and "having" in the embodiments of the present application shown below and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0054] Third, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations, or explanations. Embodiments or design solutions described as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. The use of words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present relevant concepts in a specific manner for easy understanding.

[0055] Fourth, in the embodiments of the present application, service data refers to services carried by a communication network. For example, when the method provided in the present application is applied to an optical transport network (OTN) or a metropolitan area transport network, the service data may be Ethernet services, packet services, wireless backhaul services, etc. The service data may also be referred to as service signals, customer data, or customer service data, etc. It should be noted that the type of service data in the embodiments of the present application is not limited.

[0056] Fifth, in the embodiments of the present application, "for indicating" may include direct indication and indirect indication. When describing that a certain piece of information is used to indicate A, it may include that the information directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, and does not mean that A must be carried in the information.

[0057] Sixth, in the embodiments of the present application, a data frame can be referred to as a service frame, a communication frame, etc., which is used to carry data, signaling, etc., and is a communication physical frame transmitted between the physical layers of communication devices. For example, when the communication connection between communication devices is a communication connection based on OTN technology, the data frame can be an OTN frame. For another example, when the communication connection between communication devices is a communication connection based on Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) technology, the data frame can be an ISL frame, etc.

[0058] Seventh, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the service rate refers to the number of effective bytes transmitted between communication devices through a data frame per unit time, and can also be referred to as the service mapping rate, mapping rate, etc. When the communication interface rate for transmitting the data frame remains unchanged, the lower the service rate, the fewer the number of bytes of service data mapped to the payload area of the data frame. Conversely, the higher the service rate, the more the number of bytes of service data mapped to the payload area of the data frame.

[0059] Figure 1 is the system architecture applicable to the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the solution of the present application can be applied to the networking and communication links composed of communication devices related to space-air-ground. For example, the communication links 1-5 between two satellites, the links 6-10 between satellite payloads and general communication terminal devices, including the links 8-10 between satellite payloads and ground communication devices, and the links 11 and 12 between ground communication devices. Among them, the satellite system (including high-orbit and low-orbit) can be, for example, various satellite timekeeping and navigation systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) or the Beidou system. In Figure 1 , there is a communication connection between communication devices, and the communication connection between each communication device can be a wired connection or a wireless connection, which is not particularly limited in the present application. That is, the present application can be applied to communication devices that transmit signals at a fixed-rate frame, or devices that transmit signals by laser or optical fiber, and can include scenarios such as space-ground transmission, inter-satellite transmission, wireless terminal connection, connection between a wired communication terminal and a wireless base station, and connection between optical fiber access devices.

[0060] In addition, the solution of the present application is applicable to wireless communication devices, such as base stations, mobile terminals, intelligent vehicles, etc.; it is also applicable to optical transmission devices, such as packet transport network (PTN) devices, OTN devices, etc.; it is also applicable to data communication products, such as routers, switches, etc., and is also applicable to broadband access devices, such as GPON, EPON, etc. in passive optical network (PON); it is also applicable to other devices with built-in communication physical frame chips, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0061] It should be noted that the following embodiments listed in this application are all exemplarily described by taking the rate switching between satellites as an example. From the scenarios applicable to the above-mentioned solution of this application, it can be seen that although the embodiments are only described by taking the rate switching between satellites, the application scope of this application is not limited.

[0062] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a current rate switching solution between satellites. Exemplarily, when the ground gateway station of the local satellite detects that the communication link between the local satellite and the opposite satellite is poor, the ground gateway station of the local satellite first interacts with the ground gateway station of the opposite satellite to determine the target service rate that needs to be switched between the local satellite and the opposite satellite. Subsequently, the ground gateway station of the local satellite notifies the communication box of the local satellite to reduce the current service rate through the management information sent by the satellite service platform of the local satellite. After receiving the management information, the communication box of the local satellite reduces the rate at which the Ethernet service is mapped to the data frame by using switching hardware (such as an optical module and other physical hardware supporting the optical module), thereby realizing the rate switching of the local satellite. Similarly, for the opposite satellite, after the ground gateway station of the opposite satellite and the ground gateway station of the local satellite complete the rate negotiation, the communication box of the opposite satellite is notified through the satellite service platform of the opposite satellite to reduce the service rate. Subsequently, the opposite satellite also realizes the rate switching of the opposite satellite by using the switching hardware method.

[0063] However, the processing delay of the current solution is large and the real-time performance is poor. On the one hand, it is because the interaction between the ground gateway station and the satellite service platform relies on telemetry and telecontrol information with a large transmission delay and low efficiency, resulting in a long configuration switching duration and a slow rate. On the other hand, it is because the rate negotiation between the ground gateway stations of the two satellites also takes a lot of time. In addition, the communication box is responsible for mapping the local satellite service data and management information according to the inter-satellite frame structure, resulting in the mixing of service data and management information in the payload area of the inter-satellite frame, that is, the coupling between service data and management information is strong. When the service rate is switched, it will also affect the transmission of management information. In addition, since the current rate switching is achieved by using the hardware rate switching method, the stability of the inter-satellite communication link cannot be guaranteed during this switching process. Therefore, problems such as management disconnection or switching failure are likely to occur, resulting in low reliability of this solution.

[0064] In summary, in order to overcome various defects in the current solution, this application proposes a data transmission method, which adapts to different service rates by flexibly changing the number of bytes in the check area of the data frame. The solution of this application does not require hardware rate switching and can achieve the effect of lossless service rate switching without interruption of service transmission between devices.

[0065] Figure 3 It is a schematic flowchart of the first data transmission method 300 provided by the embodiment of this application. As Figure 3As shown, this schematic flowchart is shown by the interaction between the sending device and the receiving device. Among them, the sending device can also be called the initiating device or the sending device, etc., and the receiving device can also be called the receiving device or the responding device, etc., which is not limited in this application. The steps executed by the sending device and / or the receiving device can be executed by modules or units in the sending device and / or the receiving device. For example, they can be executed by chips in the sending device and / or the receiving device. Specifically, the method includes the following multiple steps.

[0066] S301, the sending device maps the service data into a data frame, and the number of bytes included in the check area of the data frame is determined according to the number of bytes carrying the service data in the data frame.

[0067] S302, the sending device sends the data frame to the receiving device.

[0068] S303, the receiving device demaps the service data from the data frame according to the check area.

[0069] In the solution of this application, the number of bytes in the check area of the data frame sent by the sending device can be adjusted according to the number of bytes of the service data. Specifically, when the number of bytes carrying the service data increases, the sending device reduces the number of bytes in the check area of the data frame. Conversely, when the number of bytes carrying the service data decreases, the sending device increases the number of bytes in the check area of the data frame. Since the number of bytes carrying the service data can represent the service rate, the number of bytes in the check area of the data frame will be adjusted according to different service rates. Specifically, when the service rate increases, the number of bytes in the check area of the data frame decreases; when the service rate decreases, the number of bytes in the check area of the data frame increases.

[0070] It should be noted that in the solution of this application, the service rate and the rate of the data frame are different concepts. Among them, the service rate refers to the number of valid bytes transmitted between the sending device and the receiving device through the data frame per unit time. For the sending device, the greater the service rate, the more the amount of service data sent by the sending device to the receiving device. For the receiving device, the greater the service rate, the more the amount of service data received by the receiving device from the sending device. The rate of the data frame refers to the speed of the data frame transmitted in the communication link between the sending device and the receiving device. For example, the number of bits transmitted per second. That is, the higher the rate of the data frame, the faster the data frame is transmitted between the sending device and the receiving device, and the higher the efficiency of sending and receiving service data; conversely, the lower the rate of the data frame, the slower the data frame is transmitted between the sending device and the receiving device, and the lower the efficiency of sending and receiving service data.

[0071] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the verification method of the data frame, that is, the type of the verification code carried in the verification area is not limited. For example, it can be a forward error correction (FEC) code that reduces the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) of the system, etc.

[0072] Exemplarily, when the verification area is an FEC verification area, Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a data frame 400 applicable to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 4 shown, the data frame 400 is a data frame composed of M rows * N columns of bytes. The number of bytes occupied by the FEC verification area is K bytes, and the starting byte of the FEC is the Yth byte. Among them, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, N is an integer greater than 1, K is an integer greater than 1 and less than N, and Y is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N. At this time, the value of the starting byte Y of the FEC verification area of the data frame 400 at different service rates can be as shown in Table 1 below.

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075] It should be noted that the above Table 1 is only an example and does not limit the protection scope of the present application. For example, when the transmitting end device and the receiving end device also support other service rates, the structure of the data frame can be extended and supplemented similarly according to the corresponding relationship in Table 1. It can be understood that the data frame 400 is only an example applicable to the embodiment of the present application. When there are other structures for the data frame transmitted between the transmitting end device and the receiving end device, there are also other forms of expression for the starting byte K of the FEC verification area. When the verification area is of other types, it can also be expressed in a form similar to the FEC verification area in Table 1. In addition, in Table 1, the values of a, b, and c are not limited in the present application, and as long as the values satisfying the above corresponding relationship are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0076] Exemplarily, Figure 5 and Figure 6 are schematic structural diagrams of 10G and 5G frame structures respectively provided by embodiments of the present application. Specifically, when the service rate is switched from 10G to 5G, the total number of bytes included in the data frame does not change, while the number of bytes included in the FEC verification area increases. It can be understood that Figure 5 and Figure 6 are only examples provided by the present application and do not limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0077] Based on the solution provided in this application, when the service rate decreases, since the number of bytes carrying service data in the data frame is small, the number of bytes in the check area of the data frame increases, enabling a larger check area in the data frame carrying low-rate services, thereby further enhancing the anti-interference ability of the data frames of low-rate services. When the service rate increases, by reducing the number of bytes in the check area of the data frames transmitted by the sending device and the receiving device, more payload areas are reserved for higher-rate services, thereby achieving the purpose of improving data transmission efficiency.

[0078] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a second method 700 for transmitting data provided by an embodiment of this application. As Figure 7 shown, this schematic flowchart is presented in the context of the interaction between a sending device and a receiving device. Herein, the sending device may also be referred to as an initiating device or a transmitting device, etc., and the receiving device may also be referred to as a receiving device or a responding device, etc., and this application does not make any limitations. The steps executed by the sending device and / or the receiving device may be performed by modules or units in the sending device and / or the receiving device. For example, they may be executed by chips in the sending device and / or the receiving device. Specifically, this method includes the following multiple steps.

[0079] S701, The sending device sends rate negotiation information to the receiving device.

[0080] S702, The sending device adjusts the first service rate to the second service rate.

[0081] S703, The receiving device adjusts the first service rate to the second service rate according to the rate negotiation information.

[0082] In the solution of this application, the rate negotiation information includes the first service rate of the service data, the second service rate of the service data, and the moment of switching the first service rate to the second service rate. Specifically, after the sending device sends the rate negotiation information to the receiving device, the sending device continues to send at least one data frame to the receiving device and then switches the first service rate to the second service rate. Correspondingly, after the receiving device receives the rate negotiation information from the sending device, after obtaining the first service rate, the second service rate, and the switching moment from the rate negotiation information, it continues to receive at least one data frame from the sending device and then switches the first service rate to the second service rate.

[0083] The rate negotiation information is carried in multiple bits. Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first type of rate negotiation information provided by an embodiment of this application. In Figure 8 it, the rate negotiation information is carried in 3 bytes. Among them, the highest 4 bits in the 3 bytes used to carry the rate negotiation information (i.e., Figure 8The 24th to 21st bits (in Figure 8 the 20th to 17th bits) are used to indicate the first service rate, and the remaining 16 bits are used to indicate the moment when the first service rate switches to the second service rate.

[0084] Exemplarily, Table 2 shows the meanings of the 4 bits used to indicate the second service rate.

[0085] Table 2

[0086] 4 bits Meaning 0001 10G 0010 5G 0011 2.5G 0000 Redundancy

[0087] It can be understood that the meanings represented by the 4 bits in Table 2 are only examples and do not limit the protection scope of this application. For example, other values of the 4 bits can also indicate other service rates not shown in Table 2. It can also be understood that the indication of the first service rate can also refer to Table 2, which will not be elaborated here.

[0088] Exemplarily, Table 3 shows the meanings of the 16 bits used to indicate the switching moment.

[0089] Table 3

[0090] 16 bits Meaning 00000001 Switch after 1 frame upon receiving rate negotiation information 00000011 Switch after 3 frames upon receiving rate negotiation information 00000101 Switch after 5 frames upon receiving rate negotiation information 00010000 Switch after 2 frames upon receiving rate negotiation information 00110000 Switch after 4 frames upon receiving rate negotiation information

[0091] It can be understood that the meanings represented by the 16 bits in Table 3 are only examples and do not limit the protection scope of this application. For example, other values of the 16 bits can also indicate other situations not shown in Table 3, which will not be elaborated here.

[0092] Exemplarily, if the current service rates of the sending device and the receiving device are 10G, when the service rate needs to be reduced to 5G and the switching moment is 2 data frames after receiving the rate negotiation, the rate negotiation information sent by the sending device to the receiving device is 0001001000010000. At this time, after the sending device sends the rate negotiation information and continues to send 2 data frames to the receiving device, it switches the service rate from 10G to 5G. At the same time, the receiving device switches the service rate from 10G to 5G after continuing to receive 2 data frames according to the received rate negotiation information.

[0093] It should be noted that Figure 8 is only an example and does not limit the protection scope of this application. For example, the number of bytes carrying the rate negotiation information is not limited to 3 bytes, and it can also be other numbers of bits or bytes. In addition, in the rate negotiation information, the positions and numbers of the bits occupied by the first service rate, the second service rate, and the switching moment are not limited to Figure 8 shown.

[0094] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second rate negotiation information provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 Compared with the rate negotiation information shown, Figure 9 The rate negotiation information shown also includes a negotiation state, which is used to indicate the negotiation stage when the sending end device and the receiving end device negotiate the service rate.

[0095] Optionally, in the scheme of the present application, the negotiation stage includes but is not limited to: an idle stage, a request stage, and a response stage. Exemplarily, when the negotiation stage is an idle stage, it indicates that the sending device and the receiving device do not perform rate switching. At this time, even if the rate negotiation information sent by the sending device includes the second service rate and the switching time, the sending device and the receiving device do not switch the service rate. When the negotiation stage is a request stage, it indicates that the sending device requests and the receiving device performs rate switching. In an achievable manner, when the sending device sends rate negotiation information and continues to send at least one data frame to the receiving device, the first service rate is switched to the second service rate. Accordingly, after the receiving device receives the rate negotiation information from the sending device, it learns that the sending device requests to perform rate switching. If the receiving device agrees to switch the first service rate to the second service rate, the receiving device switches the first service rate to the second service rate after receiving at least one data frame from the sending device. Alternatively, in another achievable manner, after the transmitting device sends the rate negotiation information, if the receiving device agrees to switch the first service rate to the second service rate, the receiving device sends another rate negotiation information to the transmitting device, and the negotiation phase in the rate negotiation information is changed to the response phase. Then, after receiving the rate negotiation information from the receiving device, the transmitting device continues to send at least one data frame to the receiving device, and then switches the first service rate to the second service rate. After sending the rate negotiation information, the receiving device continues to receive at least one data frame from the transmitting device, and then switches the first service rate to the second service rate.

[0096] like Figure 9 As shown, the rate negotiation information is carried in 4 bytes. Among them, the highest 8 bits (i.e. Figure 9 The 32nd to 25th bits in the negotiation state are used to indicate the negotiation state. Figure 9 The 24th to 21st bits in the second service rate are used to indicate the second service rate. The other 4 bits (i.e. Figure 9 The 20th to 17th bits in the bit sequence are used to indicate the first service rate, and the remaining 16 bits are used to indicate the moment when the first service rate switches to the second service rate.

[0097] Exemplarily, Table 4 shows the meanings of 8 bits for indicating the negotiation state.

[0098] Table 4

[0099] 8 bits Meaning 00000000 Idle phase 01010101 Request phase 10101010 Response phase

[0100] It can be understood that the meanings represented by the 8-bit in Table 4 are only examples and do not limit the protection scope of this application. For example, other values of the 8 bits can also indicate other negotiation phases not shown in Table 4. Or, the idle phase, request phase, and response phase can also be indicated by other values of the 8 bits, which will not be elaborated here. In addition, for the indication methods of the first service rate, second service rate, and handover moment, reference can be made to Table 2 or Table 3 and the corresponding descriptions above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0101] It should be noted that Figure 9 only as an example, it does not limit the protection scope of this application. For example, the number of bytes carrying the rate negotiation information is not limited to 4 bytes, and can also be other numbers of bits or bytes. In addition, in the rate negotiation information, the positions and numbers of bits occupied by the negotiation state, first service rate, second service rate, and handover moment are also not limited to Figure 9 shown.

[0102] Figure 10 This is the structural schematic diagram of the third type of rate negotiation information provided by the embodiments of this application. Compared with Figure 9 the rate negotiation information shown, Figure 10 the rate negotiation information shown also includes a link state, which is used to indicate that the communication link for transmitting data frames is in a normal state or a fault state.

[0103] Optionally, in the solution of this application, the link state includes but is not limited to: link error rate warning, link interruption, link data frame loss, link communication normal, etc.

[0104] Exemplarily, when the link status is a link bit error rate alarm, link interruption, or link data frame loss, it indicates that the link status between the transmitting device and the receiving device is poor. At this time, when the transmitting device sends rate negotiation information and continues to send at least one data frame to the receiving device, the first service rate is switched to the second service rate. Correspondingly, after the receiving device receives the rate negotiation information from the transmitting device, it learns that the link status is poor, and after receiving at least one data frame from the transmitting device, it switches the first service rate to the second service rate. When the link status is that the link communication is normal, it indicates that the transmitting device and the receiving device do not perform rate switching. At this time, even if the rate negotiation information sent by the transmitting device includes the second service rate and the switching time, the transmitting device and the receiving device do not switch the service rate.

[0105] like Figure 10 As shown, the rate negotiation information is carried in 4 bytes. Among them, the highest 8 bits (i.e. Figure 10 The 32nd to 25th bits in the negotiation state are used to indicate the negotiation state. Figure 10 The 24th to 21st bits in the second service rate are used to indicate the second service rate. The other 4 bits (i.e. Figure 10 The 20th to 17th bits in the first service rate are used to indicate the first service rate, followed by another 8 bits indicating the 4 bits of the first service rate (i.e. Figure 10 The 16th to 9th bits in the table are used to indicate the switching time, and the remaining 8 bits (i.e. Figure 10 The 8th to 1st bits in the link are used to indicate the link status.

[0106] Exemplarily, Table 5 shows the meaning of 8 bits used to indicate the link status.

[0107] Table 5

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] It is understandable that the meanings represented by the 8 bits in Table 5 are only examples and do not limit the protection scope of the present application. For example, other values of the 8 bits may also indicate other link states not shown in Table 5, or the link states mentioned above may also be indicated by other values of the 8 bits, which will not be described in detail here. In addition, for the indication method of the first service rate, the second service rate, the switching time and the negotiation state, reference may be made to the above Table 2, Table 3 or Table 4 and the corresponding description, which will not be described in detail here.

[0111] It should be noted that Figure 10 This is only an example and does not limit the protection scope of this application. For example, the number of bytes carrying the rate negotiation information is not limited to 4 bytes, and can also be other numbers of bits or bytes. In addition, in the rate negotiation information, the positions and numbers of bits occupied by the negotiation status, the first service rate, the second service rate, the handover moment, and the link status are also not limited to Figure 10 that shown.

[0112] It should also be noted that the above Figures 8 to 10 is only an example. In the solution of this application, the rate handover information is not necessarily limited to that shown above Figures 8 to 10 For example, the rate negotiation information can also only include the second service rate and the handover moment to reduce the communication resources occupied by the rate handover information. Or the rate negotiation information can also only include the second service rate, and a default handover moment is preset in the sending end device and the receiving end device, so as to ensure the stability of the handover.

[0113] In the solution of this application, the rate negotiation information can be carried in the management information sent by the sending end device to the receiving end device, or can be carried in the overhead area of the data frame sent by the sending end device to the receiving end device, such as Figure 4 in the overhead area of the data frame 400 shown, etc., and this application does not make a limitation. Optionally, when the rate negotiation information is carried in the overhead area of the data frame, the overhead area can also include the identification information for identifying the data frame.

[0114] In addition, in the solution of this application, the handover of the service rates of the sending end device and the receiving end device can be a handover performed through user-configured information issued by the user. Or, it can also be determined by autonomous negotiation after a communication link failure of the sending end device, and this application does not make a limitation.

[0115] It can be understood that the above Figure 3 and Figure 7 solutions of the embodiments of this application shown can be combined and used reasonably, and the explanations or descriptions of each term appearing in the embodiments can be referred to or explained with each other in each embodiment, and no limitation is made thereto.

[0116] In the embodiments provided in the present application above, the various solutions of the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application are introduced from the perspective of each device / network element itself and from the perspective of the interaction between each device / network element. It can be understood that, in order to implement the above functions, each network element and device includes a corresponding hardware structure and / or software module for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, combining the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed in this article, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described function for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0117] Figure 11 FIG. is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device 1100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The data transmission device 1100 includes a receiving module 1101, and the receiving module 1101 can be used to implement the corresponding receiving function. The receiving module 1101 can also be referred to as a receiving unit.

[0118] The data transmission device 1100 further includes a processing module 1102, and the processing module 1102 can be used to implement the corresponding processing function.

[0119] The data transmission device 1100 further includes a sending module 1103, and the sending module 1103 can be used to implement the corresponding sending function. The sending module 1103 can also be referred to as a sending unit.

[0120] Optionally, the data transmission device 1100 further includes a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing unit 1102 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit to enable the device to implement the actions of the relevant devices in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0121] The data transmission device 1100 can be used to execute the actions performed by the sending device or the receiving device in the foregoing method embodiments. At this time, the data transmission device 1100 can be a component of the sending device or the receiving device. The receiving module 1101 is used to execute the operations related to receiving of the sending device or the receiving device in the foregoing method embodiments. The processing module 1102 is used to execute the operations related to processing of the sending device or the receiving device in the foregoing method embodiments. The sending module 1103 is used to execute the operations related to sending of the sending device or the receiving device in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0122] As a design, the device 1100 for transmitting data is used to perform the actions executed by any network element or any device in the above method embodiments. In one embodiment, the device 1100 for transmitting data can be used to perform the above Figure 3 or Figure 7 operations of the sending device in. For example:

[0123] The processing module 1102 is used to map service data into a data frame, and the number of bytes included in the check area of the data frame is determined according to the number of bytes carrying service data in the data frame.

[0124] The sending module 1103 is used to send the data frame to the receiving device.

[0125] It should be understood that the specific processes of each module performing the above corresponding steps have been described in detail in the above method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, they will not be elaborated here.

[0126] In addition, the receiving module 1101, the processing module 1102, and the sending module 1103 in the device 1100 for transmitting data can also implement other operations or functions of the sending device in the above method, which will not be elaborated here.

[0127] In another embodiment, the device 1100 for transmitting data can be used to perform the above Figure 5 or Figure 7 operations of the receiving device in. For example:

[0128] The receiving module 1101 is used to receive a data frame, and the number of bytes included in the check area of the data frame is determined according to the number of bytes carrying service data in the data frame.

[0129] The processing module 1102 is used to demap service data from the data frame.

[0130] The receiving module 1101, the processing module 1102, and the sending module 1103 in the device 1100 for transmitting data can also implement other operations or functions of the receiving device in the above method, which will not be elaborated here.

[0131] It should be understood that the specific processes of each module performing the above corresponding steps have been described in detail in the above method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, they will not be elaborated here.

[0132] Figure 12 Shows another possible structural schematic diagram of the device for transmitting data involved in the above embodiments. The device for transmitting data includes a processor 1201, such as Figure 12As shown, the apparatus for transmitting data may further include at least one memory 1202 for storing program instructions and / or data. The memory 1202 is coupled to the processor 1201. The coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms for information interaction between devices, units or modules. The processor 1201 may cooperate with the memory 1202. The processor 1201 may execute the program instructions stored in the memory 1202. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.

[0133] The apparatus for transmitting data may further include a transceiver 1203 for communicating with other devices through a transmission medium, so that the apparatus can communicate with other devices. Optionally, the transceiver 1203 may be an interface, a bus, a circuit or a device capable of implementing transceiver functions. Optionally, the transceiver 1203 may include a receiver and a transmitter.

[0134] In the embodiments of the present application, the specific connection medium between the processor 1201, the memory 1202 and the transceiver 1203 is not limited. In the embodiments of the present application Figure 12 it is shown that the processor 1201, the memory 1202 and the transceiver 1203 are connected through a bus 1204, and the bus is represented by a thick line in Figure 12 The connection manners between other components are only for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the sake of convenience of representation, Figure 12 only one thick line is used to represent it in

[0135] For example, in one embodiment, the processor 1201 is configured for other operations or functions of the sending end device. The transceiver 1203 is used to implement the communication between the apparatus for transmitting data and other network elements / devices (such as the receiving end device).

[0136] In another embodiment, the processor 1201 is configured for other operations or functions of the receiving end device. The transceiver 1203 is used to implement the communication between the apparatus for transmitting data and other network elements / devices (such as the sending end device).

[0137] One or more of the above modules or units can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. When any of the above modules or units is implemented by software, the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in a memory. A processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow. The processor can include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), microcontroller unit (MCU), or various computing devices that run software such as artificial intelligence processors. Each computing device can include one or more cores for executing software instructions for arithmetic operations or processing. The processor can be built into a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or it can be an independent semiconductor chip. In addition to the cores in the processor for executing software instructions for arithmetic operations or processing, it can further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic device (PLD), or logic circuits for implementing dedicated logic operations.

[0138] When the above modules or units are implemented by hardware, the hardware can be any one or any combination of CPU, microprocessor, DSP, MCU, artificial intelligence processor, ASIC, SoC, FPGA, PLD, dedicated digital circuits, hardware accelerators, or non-integrated discrete devices, which can run the necessary software or execute the above method flow without relying on software.

[0139] When the above modules or units are implemented in software, they can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0140] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0141] According to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code. When the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method on the terminal device side in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0142] According to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code. When the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method on the network device side in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0143] According to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a computer-readable medium, which stores program code. When the program code runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method on the terminal device side in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0144] According to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a computer-readable medium storing program code, which, when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method on the network device side in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0145] The embodiments of the present application further provide a processing device, including a processor and an interface; the processor is used to execute the communication method in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0146] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. A professional technician can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0147] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0148] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces, and the indirect couplings or communication connections of the devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0149] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0150] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0151] When the above-mentioned functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that makes a contribution, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0152] As described above, the above are only specific implementation manners of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by this application can easily think of changes or substitutions, and all of them should be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting data, characterized in that, including: mapping service data into a data frame, where the number of bytes included in a check area of the data frame is determined according to the number of bytes carrying the service data in the data frame; sending the data frame.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: sending rate negotiation information for negotiating a service rate, where the rate negotiation information includes a first service rate of the service data, a second service rate of the service data, and a switching moment for switching the first service rate to the second service rate, and where the first service rate and the second service rate are data amounts of the service data mapped into the data frame; switching the first service rate to the second service rate.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The rate negotiation information further includes: a negotiation status for indicating a negotiation stage when negotiating the service rate, and where switching the first service rate to the second service rate includes: switching the first service rate to the second service rate according to the negotiation status.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The rate negotiation information further includes: a link status for indicating that a communication link for transmitting the data frame is in a normal state or a fault state.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that The rate negotiation information is carried in an overhead area of the data frame.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein At least one byte of the overhead area is further used to carry identification information of the data frame for identifying the data frame.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The data frame has an M-row N-column structure, each column in the N columns is one byte, M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1, and M and N are not both 1 at the same time.

8. A method for transmitting data, characterized in that, including: receiving a data frame, where the number of bytes included in a check area of the data frame is determined according to the number of bytes carrying the service data in the data frame; demapping the service data from the data frame.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving rate negotiation information for negotiating a service rate, where the rate negotiation information includes a first service rate of the service data, a second service rate of the service data, and a switching moment for switching the first service rate to the second service rate, and where the first service rate and the second service rate are data amounts of the service data mapped into the data frame; switching the first service rate to the second service rate according to the rate negotiation information.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The rate negotiation information further includes: a negotiation status for indicating a negotiation stage when negotiating the service rate, and where switching the first service rate to the second service rate includes: switching the first service rate to the second service rate according to the negotiation status.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The rate negotiation information further includes: a link status for indicating that a communication link for transmitting the data frame is in a normal state or a fault state.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that, The rate negotiation information is carried in an overhead area of the data frame.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, At least one byte of the overhead area is further used to carry identification information of the data frame for identifying the data frame.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that, The data frame has an M-row N-column structure, each column in the N columns is one byte, M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1, and M and N are not both 1 at the same time.

15. A device for transmitting data, characterized in that, including: A unit or module for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or, A unit or module for implementing the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

16. A device for transmitting data, characterized in that, The apparatus includes a processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, the memory stores instructions, when the instructions are run by the processor, the processor is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or the processor is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

17. A device for transmitting data, characterized in that, The apparatus includes a logic circuit and an input / output interface, the logic circuit is used to be coupled to the input / output interface and transmit data through the input / output interface to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or to execute the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, when the computer program runs on a data transmission device, the data transmission device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or the communication device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

19. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes: computer program code, when the computer program code is run, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or implements the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

20. A chip system, characterized in that, Comprising: A memory and a processor, the memory is used to store a computer program, the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that a communication device equipped with the chip system executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7; or so that a communication device equipped with the chip system executes the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

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