Plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high and steep rock slope

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of a high and steep rock slope. The plant maintenance method comprises the high and steep rock slope, a vegetation matrix, plants, a monitoring system, a duplex base station, a cloud platform and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The monitoring system comprises a plurality of monitoring units, and each monitoring unit is arranged every 3 square meters and comprises a moisture sensor, a nitrogen phosphorus and potassium sensor, a data acquisition and transmission instrument and a solar cell panel. The moisture sensor and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor monitor moisture and nutrients in a vegetation matrix, and the data acquisition and transmission instrument is powered by the solar cell panel and is used for acquiring data and transmitting the data to the duplex base station; the duplex base station wirelessly and remotely transmits the data to the cloud platform, the cloud platform feeds back the monitoring area with the moisture and nutrient threshold value smaller than the moisture and nutrient threshold value required by plant growth to a professional, and the professional controls the unmanned aerial vehicle to spray the lacked moisture and nutrient for plants in the area. And the continuity of the ecological restoration effect of the high and steep rock slope is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes, belonging to the field of ecological restoration and maintenance of high-steep rocky slopes. Background Art

[0002] During the process of slope ecological restoration, some high-steep rocky slopes are often encountered. Such slopes lack the necessary soil environment for plant growth, such as water, heat, air, and fertilizer, resulting in a low survival rate of vegetation and poor soil and water conservation effects. Therefore, for rocky slopes without soil, planting soil (substrate) needs to be covered. However, the thickness of the substrate establishment layer is limited, and the space for water and fertilizer circulation is very limited. In continuously dry and hot weather or when it is difficult to ensure spraying water, it is easy to cause ecological disorders such as the degradation of slope vegetation due to insufficient water and nutrient supply; secondly, due to the steep terrain of high-steep rocky slopes, the dangerous rock positions are high, the slopes are steep, and they are not concentrated, making it difficult for maintenance personnel to reach the cliffs, and the construction safety risk is high.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to provide a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes, to achieve the sustainability of the ecological restoration effect of high-steep rocky slopes, and to overcome the defects of limited space for substrate water and fertilizer circulation and great construction difficulty.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes, which is characterized by including a high-steep rocky slope, a vegetative substrate, plants, a monitoring system, a duplex base station, a cloud platform, and an unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0006] The high-steep rocky slope includes developed joints and bedding planes, which can provide conditions for the spraying of the vegetative substrate; the vegetative substrate is filled into the joints and bedding planes of the high-steep rocky slope by artificial spraying.

[0007] The monitoring system includes a plurality of monitoring units. One monitoring unit is set in every 3 square meters area on the slope surface of the high-steep rocky slope. One monitoring unit is composed of a moisture sensor, a nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor, a data acquisition and transmission instrument, and a solar panel.

[0008] The moisture sensor and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor are buried into the joints and bedding planes of the high-steep rocky slope manually after the spraying of the vegetative substrate, for monitoring the moisture and nutrients in the vegetative substrate of the high-steep rocky slope.

[0009] The data acquisition and transmission instrument is set on the slope surface of a high-steep rocky slope near the joints and bedding planes where the moisture sensor and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensors are buried. The data acquisition and transmission instrument is connected to the moisture sensor and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensors, and can collect in real time the water content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content data in the vegetation substrate during the growth process of plants. A solar panel is covered on the data acquisition and transmission instrument to provide electrical energy for the data acquisition and transmission instrument. At the same time, the data acquisition and transmission instrument has a wireless transmission function and can transmit the collected water content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content data to the duplex base station.

[0010] The duplex base station can receive the water content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content data of the data acquisition and transmission instrument and wirelessly transmit the data to the cloud platform remotely.

[0011] The cloud platform can receive the water content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content data transmitted by the duplex base station, and analyze and judge whether the data in the monitored area is less than the thresholds of water and nutrients required for plant growth. If the monitored data in this area is less than the thresholds of water and nutrients required for plant growth, it will be fed back to the professionals. The professionals, based on the data fed back by the cloud platform, operate the drone to spray the water and nutrients lacking in the area less than the thresholds of water and nutrients required for plant growth.

[0012] Furthermore, the plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes is characterized in that it includes: first, filling the joints and bedding planes of the high-steep rocky slope with the vegetation substrate by artificial spraying, and then setting up a monitoring system on the slope surface. The monitoring system includes multiple monitoring units. One monitoring unit is set in every 3 square meters area on the slope surface of the high-steep rocky slope. One monitoring unit consists of a moisture sensor and a nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor buried in the joints and bedding planes of the high-steep rocky slope and a data acquisition and transmission instrument covered with a solar panel; the moisture sensor and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor are used to monitor the water and nutrients in the vegetation substrate of the high-steep rocky slope, and the data acquisition and transmission instrument is used to collect in real time the water content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content data in the vegetation substrate during the growth process of plants. Then the data acquisition and transmission instrument transmits the water content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content data to the duplex base station, and the duplex base station wirelessly transmits the water content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content to the cloud platform remotely. The cloud platform analyzes and judges whether the water content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content data in the monitored area of the monitoring system are less than the thresholds of water and nutrients required for plant growth. If the water content in the area is less than the threshold, the professionals control the drone to spray the water lacking in the plants on the high-steep rocky slope in this area; if the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the area is less than the threshold, the professionals control the drone to spray the nutrients lacking in the plants on the high-steep rocky slope in this area; if the water content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the area are both less than the threshold, the professionals control the drone to spray the water and nutrients lacking in the plants on the high-steep rocky slope in this area. In this way, the water and fertilizer supply of the vegetation substrate is realized, and the sustainability of the ecological restoration effect of the high-steep rocky slope is ensured.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0014] (1) The use of drones to provide water and nutrients to the vegetation substrate reduces the construction risks for maintenance personnel and ensures the sustainability of the ecological restoration effect on high-steep rocky slopes.

[0015] (2) By embedding moisture sensors and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensors into the joints and bedding planes of high-steep rocky slopes, real-time monitoring of the moisture and nutrients in the vegetation substrate during the plant growth process is achieved.

[0016] (3) This method has the advantages of visual observation, simple operation, etc.; and it is safe and controllable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a sectional view of a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes;

[0019] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the vegetation substrate of a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes;

[0021] Figure 4 is a detailed layout drawing of the monitoring unit of a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes;

[0022] In the figure: high-steep rocky slope 1, joint 2, bedding plane 3, vegetation substrate 4, plant 5, monitoring unit 6, moisture sensor 7, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor 8, data acquisition and transmission instrument 9, solar panel 10, duplex base station 11, cloud platform 12, drone 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present application in conjunction with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present application fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] In the description of this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "side", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and does not require this application to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to this application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] The following will combine Figures 1 to 4 to detail the structure and function of a plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes in this application. The plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes includes high-steep rocky slopes, vegetation substrates, plants, a monitoring system, a duplex base station, a cloud platform, and unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0026] First, in the early stage of ecological restoration of the high-steep rocky slope 1, the vegetation substrate 4 is filled into the joints 2 and bedding planes 3 of the high-steep rocky slope 1 by manual spraying. Then, the moisture sensor 7 and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor 8 are buried into the joints 2 and bedding planes 3 of the high-steep rocky slope 1 manually after the vegetation substrate 4 is sprayed. And a data acquisition and transmission instrument 9 and its overlying solar panel 10 are manually set near the joints 2 and bedding planes 3 where the moisture sensor 7 and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor 8 are buried on the slope surface of the high-steep rocky slope. Among them, the moisture sensor 7, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor 8, the data acquisition and transmission instrument 9, and the solar panel 10 form a monitoring unit 6, and one monitoring unit 6 is set in each 3-square-meter area on the slope surface of the high-steep rocky slope 1; According to the moisture sensor 7 and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor 8 buried in the joints 2 and bedding planes 3 of the high-steep rocky slope 1 to monitor the water content and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, the data acquisition and transmission instrument 9 real-time collects the water content and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content data in the vegetation substrate 4 during the growth process of the plant 5. Then, the data acquisition and transmission instrument 9 transmits the data to the duplex base station 11, and the duplex base station 11 wirelessly remotely transmits the data to the cloud platform 12. The cloud platform 12 analyzes and judges whether the water content and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content data in the monitoring area of the monitoring system are less than the thresholds of the water and nutrients required for the growth of the plant 5. If the monitoring data in this area is less than the threshold, it is fed back to the professionals. If the water content in the area is less than the threshold, the professionals control the unmanned aerial vehicle 13 to spray the water lacking for the plant 5 in this area of the high-steep rocky slope 1; If the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the area is less than the threshold, the professionals control the unmanned aerial vehicle 13 to spray the nutrients lacking for the plant 5 in this area of the high-steep rocky slope 4; If the water content and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the area are both less than the threshold, the professionals control the unmanned aerial vehicle 13 to spray the water and nutrients lacking for the plant 5 in this area of the high-steep rocky slope 1. In this way, the water and fertilizer supply of the vegetation substrate is realized, and the sustainability of the ecological restoration effect of the high-steep rocky slope is ensured.

[0027] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes, characterized in that, It includes a high-steep rocky slope, a vegetative substrate, plants, a monitoring system, a duplex base station, a cloud platform, and a drone.

2. The plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-steep rocky slope includes developed joints and bedding planes, which can provide conditions for the spraying of the vegetative substrate; the vegetative substrate is filled into the joints and bedding planes of the high-steep rocky slope through artificial spraying.

3. A plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring system includes multiple monitoring units. One monitoring unit is set in every 3-square-meter area on the slope surface of the high-steep rocky slope. One monitoring unit consists of a moisture sensor, a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor, a data acquisition and transmission instrument, and a solar panel.

4. The plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The moisture sensor and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor are buried into the joints and bedding planes of the high-steep rocky slope manually after the spraying of the vegetative substrate, and are used to monitor the moisture and nutrients in the vegetative substrate of the high-steep rocky slope. The data acquisition and transmission instrument is set on the slope surface of the high-steep rocky slope near the joints and bedding planes where the moisture sensor and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor are buried. The data acquisition and transmission instrument is connected to the moisture sensor and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor, and can collect the water content and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content data in the vegetative substrate during the plant growth process in real time. A solar panel covers the data acquisition and transmission instrument, which can provide electrical energy for the data acquisition and transmission instrument. At the same time, the data acquisition and transmission instrument has a wireless transmission function and can transmit the collected water content and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content data to the duplex base station.

5. A plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The duplex base station can receive the water content and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content data from the data acquisition and transmission instrument, and wirelessly transmit the data remotely to the cloud platform.

6. The plant maintenance method for ecological restoration of high-steep rocky slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cloud platform can receive the water content and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content data transmitted by the duplex base station, and analyze and judge whether the data in the monitored area is less than the thresholds of the moisture and nutrients required for plant growth. If the monitored data in this area is less than the thresholds of the moisture and nutrients required for plant growth, it will be fed back to the professionals. The professionals operate the drone to spray the lacking moisture and nutrients for the area where the monitored data is less than the thresholds of the moisture and nutrients required for plant growth based on the data fed back by the cloud platform.

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