Miniaturized low-cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on micro-coaxial triple switching structure

Abstract

The invention provides a miniature low cross polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro coaxial triple switching structure, and belongs to the technical field of antennae, and the micro coaxial triple switching excitation patch antenna comprises a micro coaxial-fine coaxial-microstrip line triple switching excitation structure, an air back cavity and a radiation patch. And the micro coaxial inner conductor realizes vertical switching through the thin coaxial and the microstrip line in sequence, and excites the half-mode patch to radiate outwards through air medium coupling. The back cavity structure inhibits cross polarization of the non-radiation side of the half-mode patch, and low cross polarization is realized. A traditional micro coaxial-coaxial double excitation structure is improved into a triple switching structure, the resonant frequency is reduced to 25.1 GHz from 30 GHz under the condition that the overall size is not changed, and the miniaturization characteristic is remarkably improved. The embodiment of the invention has the advantages of low cross polarization, high gain and compact size, and is suitable for 5G and high-frequency communication systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple switching structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, especially in 5G and future communication systems, antennas, as key components of communication systems, are facing multiple requirements such as miniaturization, high performance, and low cross-polarization. However, traditional patch antennas generally have problems such as large size, high cross-polarization, and severe high-frequency loss.

[0003] In related research, differential technology is usually used to introduce two excitations with the same amplitude and opposite phase to suppress cross polarization. In the research on antenna miniaturization, there are not many types of research based on the change of feeding structure to achieve miniaturization. Micro-coaxial is a micro-miniature transmission line constructed by inner and outer conductors, which is of great significance in the construction of highly integrated passive networks. However, there are few antenna studies related to micro-coaxial integration, and the antenna size in existing studies is large, which is not conducive to the integration of the entire micro-coaxial antenna system. Moreover, in related technologies, multi-stage feeding network and stacked patch technology or metamaterial structure are usually used to suppress cross polarization. Among them, multi-stage feeding network and stacked patch technology refer to further suppressing cross polarization by inserting multiple closed substrate integrated cavities. Although this method performs well in cross polarization suppression, the overall size is large; metamaterial structure reduces cross polarization by adjusting the distribution of edge fields and reducing the radiation of non-radiating edges, but requires a more complex structure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new antenna solution that combines miniaturization and low cross polarization. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To address the above problems, the present application proposes a miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple transition structure, aiming to solve the problems of large size and high cross-polarization level of patch antennas in the prior art.

[0005] Technical solution, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a cavity-backed semi-mode patch antenna based on micro-coaxial triple transfer excitation, the antenna comprising a micro-coaxial-thin coaxial-microstrip line triple vertical transfer structure, an air back cavity (400) and a semi-mode radiation patch (500), wherein the micro-coaxial-thin coaxial-microstrip line triple vertical transfer structure is composed of a micro-coaxial inner conductor (100), a coaxial transition section (200) and a microstrip line (300) which are vertically connected in sequence;

[0006] The air back cavity (400) is formed by being surrounded by a metal cavity wall. The half-mode radiation patch (500) is located at the top of the cavity of the air back cavity (400). A micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110) is provided at the middle position of one side of the air back cavity (400). Moreover, the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110) is integrally formed with the metal cavity wall of the air back cavity (400); the side of the half-mode radiation patch (500) parallel to the side of the air back cavity (400) where the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110) is located is not connected to the metal cavity wall of the air back cavity (400), and the other three sides are all connected to the metal cavity wall of the air back cavity (400); the micro-coaxial inner conductor (100) is located inside the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110), and the two together form a micro-coaxial transmission line;

[0007] The microstrip line (300) does not contact the half-mode radiation patch (500), and couples electromagnetic waves to the half-mode radiation patch (500) through the air gap therebetween.

[0008] Furthermore, the micro-coaxial inner conductor (100) is connected to the vertical coaxial transition section (200) through a first cylinder. The coaxial transition section (200) is a cylindrical conductor. The first cylinder is located at the top of the inner cavity of the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110). The coaxial transition section (200) is perpendicular to the first cylinder and is located on the outer surface of the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110).

[0009] Furthermore, the radius of the first cylinder is larger than the radius of the coaxial transition section (200). The coaxial transition section (200) is used to adjust the impedance matching between the micro-coaxial (100) and the microstrip line (300).

[0010] Furthermore, the half-mode radiation patch (500) is a patch with an electric field mode of half TM 11 mode.

[0011] Furthermore, the coupling gap between the microstrip line (300) and the half-mode radiation patch (500) is adjustable.

[0012] Furthermore, the material of the metal cavity wall is any one of gold, silver, aluminum, and copper.

[0013] Furthermore, the materials of the micro-coaxial inner conductor (100), the coaxial transition section (200), and the half-mode radiation patch (500) are any one of gold, silver, aluminum, and copper.

[0014] The antenna proposed by the present invention undergoes a triple vertical transfer transformation of micro - coaxial - thin coaxial - microstrip line, that is, it is connected successively through the inner conductor (100) of the micro - coaxial, the coaxial transition section (200), and the microstrip line (300), and the electromagnetic wave is coupled and transmitted through the air medium between the microstrip line (300) and the half - mode radiation patch (500), thereby exciting the upper - layer patch antenna to radiate outward. Due to the setting of the back - cavity (400), the three non - radiating edges of the patch (500) are short - circuited with the three edges connecting to the metal cavity wall of the air back - cavity (400), so that the radiation of the three non - radiating edges is suppressed, and thus the low cross - polarization characteristic is achieved.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] (1) The infrared image super - resolution algorithm of the present invention achieves a good balance in restoring texture details and edge structures, showing excellent infrared image reconstruction effects.

[0017] (2) By increasing the receptive field of the convolutional kernel, the present invention can better capture feature information. When dealing with the problem of infrared image super - resolution, it exceeds other super - resolution techniques in terms of the average peak signal - to - noise ratio (PSNR), and the generated images have richer textures and more information.

[0018] (3) In the generation network part of the present invention, the convolutional neural network is combined with the traditional bicubic interpolation algorithm, fully utilizing the information in the low - frequency region of the infrared image, and adding the mean - square error loss to achieve the balance between a clear visual effect and a high objective evaluation index. Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a micro - coaxial triple - transfer - excited half - mode patch antenna provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side - view schematic structural diagram of a micro - coaxial triple - transfer - excited half - mode patch antenna provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 For Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the triple - transfer - excitation structure in

[0023] Figure 4 It is a graph of the reflection coefficient of a micro - coaxial triple - transfer - excited half - mode patch antenna and a graph of the reflection coefficient of a double - transfer - excited half - mode patch antenna provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5The radiation pattern of the micro-coaxial triple-switched excitation half-mode patch antenna provided in Example 1 of the present application at a frequency of 25.1 GHz;

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals: 100 - micro-coaxial inner conductor; 200 - coaxial transition section; 300 - microstrip line; 400 - air back cavity; 500 - half-mode radiation patch; 110 - micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the present application and how the technical solutions in the present application solve the above-mentioned technical problems will be clearly and completely described below with specific embodiments and in combination with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application provides a miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on micro-coaxial vertical transfer. The structure vertically connects the micro-coaxial line to the microstrip line in the cavity, and then couples it to the patch antenna. This design not only achieves miniaturization, but also further reduces cross-polarization by adopting a cavity back structure. It solves the problem in the prior art that the patch antenna cannot be miniaturized and has low cross-polarization.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] like Figures 1 - 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple transition structure. The micro-coaxial-thin coaxial-microstrip line triple vertical transition structure is composed of a micro-coaxial inner conductor 100, a coaxial transition section 200 and a microstrip line 300 which are vertically connected in sequence. The air back cavity 400 is formed by being surrounded by a metal cavity wall. The half-mode radiation patch 500 is located above the air back cavity 400, and its non-radiating side is short-circuited to the cavity wall and grounded. A gap is left between the radiation side and the cavity wall on one side, and the side is short-circuited to the cavity wall and grounded on the other side. The microstrip line 300 excites the half-mode radiation patch 500 through air medium coupling to achieve electromagnetic wave radiation.

[0031] Specifically, the micro-coaxial outer conductor 110 is integrally formed with the cavity wall, so that the feed port is flush with the surface of the metal cavity wall. The metal cavity wall is made of a material with good electrical conductivity, such as copper.

[0032] The micro-coaxial inner conductor 100, the coaxial transition section 200 and the half-mode radiation patch 500 are all made of copper, and the microstrip line 300 is set to an ideal boundary condition (Perfect E).

[0033] When in use, the excitation current flows into and propagates from the micro-coaxial-thin coaxial-microstrip line triple vertical transition structure, and transmits electromagnetic waves through the air medium coupling between the microstrip line 300 and the half-mode radiation patch 500, thereby exciting the upper half-mode radiation patch 500 to radiate outward, and on this basis, a back cavity 400 is set to suppress the radiation of the two non-radiating edges of the half-mode radiation patch 500, thereby achieving low cross-polarization characteristics. In addition, the excitation method of the micro-coaxial-coaxial-microstrip line enables the proposed solution to achieve a significant reduction in the operating frequency without changing the overall size, thereby achieving miniaturization. High gain and very low cross-polarization are achieved at a frequency of 25.1GHz, and the compact structure meets the needs of modern wireless systems with extremely high requirements on size and performance.

[0034] It should be noted that the size of the half-mode patch is half of that of the full-mode patch, thereby reducing the overall planar size of the antenna.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, for example, the length, width and height of the metal cavity wall can be set to 3.25 mm, 8.5 mm and 1.7 mm respectively. The length and width of the air back cavity 400 can be set to 2.25 mm, 7.5 mm and 1.2 mm respectively.

[0036] Of course, in actual implementation, the metal cavity wall and the air back cavity 400 can be set to other sizes according to actual needs, and the metal cavity wall only needs to wrap the air back cavity 400 and contact the non-radiating edge of the radiation patch 500 on the air back cavity 400.

[0037] The half-mode radiation patch 500 is etched on the top of the cavity and has a size of 2mm×7.5mm×0.2mm. The micro-coaxial inner conductor 100 has a size of 1.3mm×0.2mm×0.1mm, the vertically connected coaxial transition section 200 has a height of 0.5mm, and the end connected microstrip line 300 has a width of 0.5mm. A 0.5mm air gap is set between the microstrip line 300 and the radiation patch 500 to stimulate radiation through electromagnetic coupling.

[0038] like Figures 1 - 3 As shown, further, a gap of 0.25 mm is set between a radiation edge of the half-mode radiation patch 500 and the metal cavity wall. Figure 1From the perspective of FIG. 1 , the edge of the half-mode radiation patch 500 facing the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity 110 is not connected to the metal cavity wall, that is, a gap is provided, and the other three edges are connected to the metal cavity wall.

[0039] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the curve in Figure (a) is a reflection coefficient curve diagram of the half-mode patch antenna excited by the micro-coaxial-coaxial double transition structure, and the curve in Figure (b) is a reflection coefficient curve diagram of the half-mode patch antenna excited by the micro-coaxial-coaxial-microstrip line triple transition structure.

[0040] It can be seen that without changing the overall size of the antenna, the resonant frequency is reduced from 30 GHz to about 25 GHz, which means that this design has a smaller size than the traditional coaxial excitation patch antenna.

[0041] In addition, if Figure 5 The radiation performance of the designed antenna in the E plane (Phi = 0°) and the H plane (Phi = 90°) is shown in Figure 1. It can be seen that at the center frequency of 25.1 GHz, the gain of the antenna reaches 6.4 dBi. In addition, due to the design of the cavity structure, the cross-polarization level of the antenna is maintained at -34 dB.

[0042] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna using micro-coaxial vertical switching. The design achieves high gain and very low cross-polarization at a frequency of 25.1 GHz, and the compact structure meets the requirements of modern wireless systems with extremely high requirements on size and performance.

[0043] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the description and practicing the contents disclosed herein. The present application is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The description and embodiments are only considered as exemplary, and the scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple switching structure, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a micro-coaxial-thin coaxial-microstrip line triple vertical transition structure, an air back cavity (400) and a half-mode radiation patch (500), wherein the micro-coaxial-thin coaxial-microstrip line triple vertical transition structure is formed by vertically connecting a micro-coaxial inner conductor (100), a coaxial transition section (200) and a microstrip line (300) in sequence; The air back cavity (400) is formed by being surrounded by a metal cavity wall; the semi-mode radiation patch (500) is located at the cavity top of the air back cavity (400); a micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110) is arranged at the middle position of one side of the air back cavity (400); and the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110) and the metal cavity wall of the air back cavity (400) are integrally formed; the side of the semi-mode radiation patch (500) parallel to the side of the air back cavity (400) where the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110) is located is not connected to the metal cavity wall of the air back cavity (400), and the other three sides are all connected to the metal cavity wall of the air back cavity (400); the micro-coaxial inner conductor (100) is located in the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110), and the two together constitute a micro-coaxial transmission line; The microstrip line (300) is not in contact with the half-mode radiation patch (500), and couples electromagnetic waves to the half-mode radiation patch (500) through an air gap between the two.

2. According to claim 1, a miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple switching structure is characterized in that: The micro-coaxial inner conductor (100) is connected to a coaxial transition section (200) in a vertical direction via a first cylinder; the coaxial transition section (200) is a cylindrical conductor; the first cylinder is located at the top of the inner cavity of the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110); the coaxial transition section (200) is located on the outer surface of the micro-coaxial outer conductor cavity (110) and is vertically connected to the first cylinder.

3. According to claim 2, a miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple switching structure is characterized in that: The radius of the first cylinder is greater than the radius of the coaxial transition section (200), and the coaxial transition section (200) is used to adjust the impedance matching between the micro-coaxial (100) and the microstrip line (300).

4. According to claim 1, a miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple switching structure is characterized in that: The semi-mode radiation patch (500) has an electric field mode that is half of the TM 11 mode patch.

5. The miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling gap between the microstrip line (300) and the half-mode radiation patch (500) is adjustable.

6. The miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the metal cavity wall is any one of gold, silver, aluminum and copper.

7. The miniaturized low cross-polarization half-mode patch antenna based on a micro-coaxial triple switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the micro-coaxial inner conductor (100), the coaxial transition section (200) and the half-mode radiation patch (500) is any one of gold, silver, aluminum and copper.

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