Display panel and display device

Abstract

The invention relates to a display panel and a display device. The display panel comprises a substrate, a light-emitting unit layer, a pixel definition layer and an optical structure layer which are arranged in a stacked mode. The light-emitting unit layer includes a plurality of light-emitting units. The pixel definition layer comprises a plurality of pixel openings in one-to-one correspondence with the light-emitting units, and the light-emitting units are located in the pixel openings. The optical structure layer comprises a plurality of light emitting modulation structures which are distributed in an array mode. At least one light emitting unit is correspondingly provided with a light emitting modulation structure. The orthographic projection of the light emitting modulation structure on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the substrate, and the projection of the center of the light emitting modulation structure and the projection of the center of the pixel opening area on the plane where the substrate is located coincide. According to the display panel, the light-emitting units accurately correspond to the pixel openings through the accurate stacked structure design, and the light-emitting brightness degradation when the observation view angle is increased can be effectively slowed down in cooperation with the arrangement of the light-emitting modulation structure, so that the brightness stability of the display panel under different view angles is improved, and the display effect of the display panel is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have the advantages of self-luminescence, high brightness, high resolution, wide viewing angle, fast response and flexibility. They are widely used in the field of display technology, among which active matrix OLEDs (AMOLEDs) are gradually becoming the mainstream device for small and medium-sized display panels.

[0003] At present, most AMOLED devices adopt a top-emitting structure. In a top-emitting OLED device, a fully reflective bottom electrode is usually used as an anode, on which an organic light-emitting film layer is evaporated, and then a semi-reflective cathode is prepared by evaporation on the organic light-emitting film layer. The fully reflective anode, the organic film layer and the semi-reflective cathode together constitute a microcavity structure. This structure causes the light emitted by the organic light-emitting film layer to be reflected multiple times between the fully reflective anode and the semi-reflective cathode, generating strong interference resonance, changing the light intensity distribution of the device, and affecting the light output efficiency and light output deviation angle of the OLED. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a display panel, which includes:

[0005] substrate;

[0006] A light-emitting unit layer located on one side of the substrate, the light-emitting unit layer comprising a plurality of light-emitting units distributed in an array;

[0007] A pixel definition layer, comprising a plurality of pixel openings corresponding to the light-emitting units one by one, wherein the light-emitting units are located in the pixel openings;

[0008] An optical structure layer, located on a side of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate, comprising a plurality of light-emitting modulation structures distributed in an array;

[0009] At least one of the light-emitting units is correspondingly provided with the light-emitting modulation structure; wherein, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting modulation structure on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the substrate, and the center of the light-emitting modulation structure coincides with the projection of the center of the pixel opening area on the plane where the substrate is located.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the light output modulation structure includes a low refractive layer and a high refractive layer stacked in sequence; the orthographic projection of the low refractive layer on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light emitting unit on the substrate; the orthographic projection of the high refractive layer on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the substrate; wherein,

[0011] The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is greater than that of the low refractive index layer. The low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer are in contact with each other to form a first interface, and the first interface is used to adjust a part of the light emitted by the light emitting unit to be emitted at a large viewing angle.

[0012] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 1.35 and less than or equal to 1.55; and / or

[0013] The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 1.65 and less than or equal to 1.85.

[0014] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the low refractive index layer is any one of a circular arc shape or an elliptical arc shape; and / or

[0015] The cross-sectional shape of the high refractive index layer is any one of a trapezoidal shape or an inverted trapezoidal shape.

[0016] In one embodiment, the included angle between the side wall of the high refractive index layer and the horizontal plane where the substrate is located ranges from 70° to 85°, and the opening of the included angle faces the low refractive index layer.

[0017] In one embodiment, the height of the low refractive index layer in the thickness direction of the substrate is 1 μm to 3 μm; the height of the high refractive index layer in the thickness direction of the substrate is 1.5 μm to 4 μm, where

[0018] The height of the low refractive index layer in the thickness direction of the substrate is less than the height of the high refractive index layer in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0019] In one embodiment, the distance between the edge lines of the pixel opening in the orthographic projection on the substrate is a first pitch, the distance between the edge lines of the low refractive index layer in the orthographic projection on the substrate is a second pitch, and the distance between the edge lines of the high refractive index layer in the orthographic projection on the substrate is a third pitch;

[0020] The absolute value of the difference between the third pitch and the first pitch is 12 μm to 18 μm; and / or

[0021] The absolute value of the difference between the second pitch and the first pitch is 4 μm to 8 μm.

[0022] In one embodiment, the light output modulation structure further includes a leveling layer, the leveling layer is disposed on a side of the high refractive index layer away from the substrate, and the projection of the leveling layer on the substrate covers the projection of the high refractive index layer on the substrate;

[0023] The high refractive index layer and the leveling layer are in contact with each other to form a second interface, and the second interface is used to adjust a part of the light emitted from the first interface to be emitted at a small viewing angle.

[0024] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the leveling layer is less than that of the high refractive index layer, the refractive index of the leveling layer is greater than or equal to 1.48 and less than or equal to 1.6.

[0025] In one embodiment, the positive projection of the low refractive index layer on the substrate includes a first projection area and a plurality of second projection areas, and the second projection areas are continuously arranged into a first annular area and are arranged around the first projection area; wherein, the first projection area is circular, and the second projection area is any one of a semi-circular shape, a triangular shape, a rectangular shape, an arc shape, an elliptical arc shape, a trapezoidal shape or a parabolic shape; and / or

[0026] The positive projection of the high refractive index layer on the substrate includes a third projection area and a plurality of fourth projection areas, and the fourth projection areas are continuously arranged into a second annular area and are arranged around the third projection area; wherein, the third projection area is circular, and the fourth projection area is any one of a semi-circular shape, a triangular shape, a rectangular shape, an arc shape, an elliptical arc shape, a trapezoidal shape or a parabolic shape.

[0027] In one embodiment, the first annular area and the second annular area have the same shape; or

[0028] The first annular area and the second annular area have different shapes.

[0029] In one embodiment, the plurality of light emitting units include a first light emitting pixel displaying a first color, a second light emitting pixel displaying a second color, and a third light emitting pixel displaying a third color, and the first color, the second color and the third color are different;

[0030] The plurality of light output modulation structures include a first light output modulation structure corresponding to the first light emitting pixel, a second light output modulation structure corresponding to the second light emitting pixel, and a third light output modulation structure corresponding to the third light emitting pixel. The first light output modulation structure includes a first low refractive index layer and a first high refractive index layer; the second light output modulation structure includes a second low refractive index layer and a second high refractive index layer, and the third modulation structure includes a third low refractive index layer and a third high refractive index layer; wherein,

[0031] In a first direction, the heights of the first low refractive index layer, the second low refractive index layer and the third low refractive index layer are a first height, a second height and a third height respectively, and any two of the three are different from each other, or at least two of them are the same; and / or

[0032] In the first direction, the heights of the first high-refractive layer, the second high-refractive layer and the third high-refractive layer are respectively a fourth height, a fifth height and a sixth height, and any two of the three heights are different, or at least two of them are the same; and / or

[0033] The angles between the side walls of the first high-refractive layer, the second high-refractive layer and the third high-refractive layer and the horizontal plane of the substrate are respectively the first angle, the second angle and the third angle, the opening directions of the first angle, the second angle and the third angle are respectively toward the first low-refractive layer, the second low-refractive layer and the third low-refractive layer, and the first angle, the second angle and the third angle are different from each other, or at least two of them are the same; and / or

[0034] The width differences between the first light-emitting pixel and the first low-refractive layer, the second light-emitting pixel and the second low-refractive layer, and the third light-emitting pixel and the third low-refractive layer in the second direction are respectively the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference, wherein the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference are all different from each other, or at least two of them are the same;

[0035] The width differences in the second direction between the first light-emitting pixel and the first high-refractive layer, the second light-emitting pixel and the second high-refractive layer, and the third light-emitting pixel and the third high-refractive layer are respectively the fourth difference, the fifth difference and the sixth difference, wherein the fourth difference, the fifth difference and the sixth difference are all different from each other, or at least two of them are the same; the first direction is the direction from the substrate to the optical structure layer.

[0036] In one of the embodiments, the display panel further includes a color filter layer, which includes a black matrix layer, a filter layer, and a protective layer stacked in sequence along a direction from the substrate to the optical structure layer;

[0037] The color filter layer is located between the optical structure layer and the substrate; or

[0038] The color filter layer is located on a side of the optical structure layer away from the substrate.

[0039] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes:

[0040] A touch layer, disposed between the optical structure layer and the substrate;

[0041] The thin film encapsulation layer comprises a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer and a second inorganic encapsulation layer which are sequentially stacked along a direction from the substrate to the optical structure layer.

[0042] The present application also provides a display device, comprising a display panel as mentioned in any of the above embodiments.

[0043] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0044] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the display panel of the present application includes a substrate, a light-emitting unit layer, a pixel definition layer, and an optical structure layer that are stacked. The light-emitting unit layer includes a plurality of light-emitting units distributed in an array. The pixel definition layer includes a plurality of pixel openings corresponding one-to-one to the light-emitting units, and the light-emitting units are located within the pixel openings. The optical structure layer includes a plurality of light-emitting modulation structures distributed in an array. At least one light-emitting unit is correspondingly provided with a light-emitting modulation structure. The orthographic projection of the light-emitting modulation structure on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the substrate, and the center of the light-emitting modulation structure coincides with the projection of the center of the pixel opening area on the plane of the substrate. Through the precise stacked structure design of the present application, the light-emitting units are accurately corresponding to the pixel openings. With the optimized layout of the light-emitting modulation structures, it can effectively slow down the deterioration of the light-emitting brightness when the viewing angle increases, improve the brightness stability of the display panel at different viewing angles, and further improve the display effect of the display panel.

[0045] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a matching diagram of microcavities and intrinsic PL spectra at different viewing angles and a diagram showing the change relationship of the EL spectrum of a display device with the viewing angle provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a curve showing the change of the light-emitting brightness of red, green, and blue in a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application with the viewing angle.

[0049] Figures 3 to 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application at a viewing angle.

[0050] Figures 6 to 7 It is a curve graph showing the change of the attenuation degree of the light-emitting brightness relative to the front viewing angle (0°) of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application at different viewing angles.

[0051] Figures 8a to 8c It is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application at a viewing angle.

[0052] Figures 9a to 9cSchematic structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application from a perspective.

[0053] Figures 10 to 13 Schematic partial structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application from a perspective.

[0054] Figure 14 Schematic structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application from a perspective.

[0055] Reference numerals:

[0056] 1. Substrate.

[0057] 2. Light-emitting unit layer; 20. First light-emitting pixel; 21. Second light-emitting pixel; 22. Third light-emitting pixel.

[0058] 3. Pixel definition layer.

[0059] 4. Optical structure layer; 40. Light output modulation structure; 41. Levelling layer; 401. Low refractive index layer; 4010. First projection area; 4011. Second projection area; 402. High refractive index layer; 4020. Third projection area; 4021. Fourth projection area.

[0060] 410. First light output modulation structure; 4101. First low refractive index layer; 4102. First high refractive index layer.

[0061] 420. Second light output modulation structure; 4201. Second low refractive index layer; 4202. Second high refractive index layer.

[0062] 430. Third light output modulation structure; 4301. Third low refractive index layer; 4302. Third high refractive index layer.

[0063] H1. First height; H2. Second height; H3. Third height; H4. Fourth height; H5. Fifth height; H6. Sixth height; α1. First angle; α2. Second angle; α3. Third angle; W1. First width; W2. Second width; W3. Third width; W4. Fourth width; W5. Fifth width; W6. Sixth width; W0. Seventh width;

[0064] 5. Color filter layer; 51. Black matrix layer; 52. Light filtering layer; 53. Protective layer; 6. Touch control layer; 7. Thin film encapsulation layer; 71. First inorganic encapsulation layer; 72. Organic encapsulation layer; 73. Second inorganic encapsulation layer; 8. Glass cover plate.

[0065] X. First direction. Detailed implementation manners

[0066] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The methods described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all methods consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0067] As can be seen from the background technology, the fully reflective anode, the luminescent film layer and the semi-reflective cathode together form a microcavity structure, so that the light emitted by the luminescent film layer will be reflected multiple times between the fully reflective anode and the semi-reflective cathode, generating a strong interference effect to form a resonant microcavity and change the light intensity distribution of the device.

[0068] Specifically, the effect of the top-emitting microcavity structure on the light emission of OLED can be summarized as the microcavity factor, and the effect of the microcavity factor on the light emission of the device can be regarded as the multiplication of the microcavity factor and the intrinsic PL spectrum of the device. Figure 1 Part a in the middle shows the matching between the microcavity and the intrinsic PL spectrum at different viewing angles. The microcavity factor changes with the viewing angle. Figure 1 As shown by the dotted line in part b, as the observation viewing angle increases, the peak position of the microcavity factor will blue-shift and the intensity will decrease, which makes the peak position of the EL (Electroluminescence) spectrum of the device blue-shift and the intensity will decrease as the observation viewing angle increases.

[0069] From the knowledge of colorimetry, we know that the brightness information of light is mainly related to the Y stimulus value in the three spectral stimulus values and the EL light spectrum itself, which can be regarded as the multiplication of the Y stimulus value and the EL spectrum. Due to the effect of the microcavity, the peak position of the EL spectrum of the device blue-shifts and the intensity decreases as the viewing angle increases, which leads to the gradual attenuation of brightness as the viewing angle increases, such as Figure 2 The brightness information of white light is the sum of the brightness of the three monochromatic lights of RGB, because the brightness of white light will gradually decay as the observation angle increases.

[0070] Therefore, as described in the background art, there is an urgent need for a display panel that can improve the problem of OLED products with rapid brightness decay as the viewing angle increases.

[0071] Based on this, the present application provides a display panel, referring to Figure 3 , which includes a substrate 1, a light-emitting unit layer 2, a pixel definition layer 3 and an optical structure layer 4 which are stacked in sequence. The light-emitting unit layer 2 includes a plurality of light-emitting units distributed in an array. The pixel definition layer 3 includes a plurality of pixel openings corresponding to the light-emitting units one by one, and the light-emitting units are located in the pixel openings. The optical structure layer 4 is located on the side of the pixel definition layer 3 away from the substrate 1, and includes a plurality of light-emitting modulation structures 40 distributed in an array.

[0072] Specifically, the substrate 1 may include an insulating material (e.g., it may be made of an insulating material), and the insulating material may be glass, quartz, or polymer resin. The substrate 1 may be a flexible substrate that can be bent, folded, and / or curled. As an example, the substrate 1 may include polyimide. At the same time, it should be noted that the substrate 1 provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a substrate and a transistor array layer located on the substrate, etc., which are all conventional settings, so this application will not give redundant descriptions.

[0073] Specifically, the light output modulation structure 40 includes a low refractive index layer 401 and a high refractive index layer 402 stacked along the first direction X. The orthographic projection of the low refractive index layer 401 on the substrate 1 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light emitting unit on the substrate 1, ensuring that the low refractive index layer 401 can effectively receive and modulate the light emitted by the light emitting unit, improving the accuracy and efficiency of light modulation. The orthographic projection of the high refractive index layer 402 on the substrate 1 covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the substrate 1. The high refractive index layer 402 is located above the low refractive index layer 401, forming a refractive index difference with the low refractive index layer 401, and jointly acting on the propagation path and light output direction of light to optimize the display effect.

[0074] Furthermore, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer 402 is greater than that of the low refractive index layer 401. Preferably, the refractive index of the low refractive index layer 401 is greater than or equal to 1.35 and less than or equal to 1.55. The refractive index of the high refractive index layer 402 is greater than or equal to 1.65 and less than or equal to 1.85. The low refractive index layer 401 and the high refractive index layer 402 are in contact with each other to form a first interface, and the first interface is used to adjust some of the light rays emitted by the light emitting unit to be emitted at a large viewing angle.

[0075] When the light rays emitted by the light emitting unit reach the first interface, due to the difference in refractive index, some of the light rays will refract at this interface, changing the propagation direction, and thus being adjusted to be emitted at a large viewing angle. This process effectively improves the distribution of light rays at a large viewing angle, slows down the problem of light output brightness attenuation as the viewing angle increases, and enhances the brightness uniformity and visual effect of the display panel within a wide viewing angle range.

[0076] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light output modulation structure 40 on the substrate 1 completely covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the substrate 1. This setting ensures that the light emitted from each pixel opening can be effectively modulated by the corresponding light output modulation structure 40. The center of the light output modulation structure 40 coincides with the projection of the center of the pixel opening area on the plane of the substrate 1. The precise alignment ensures the symmetry and uniformity of the light rays, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency and display uniformity. In this application, the light output modulation structure 40 can effectively control the propagation direction and distribution of light rays, reduce light scattering and loss, and enhance the brightness and contrast of the display panel, especially at different viewing angles, ensuring that users can obtain a consistent visual experience at each angle.

[0077] It should be specifically noted that the projection of the center of the light-emitting modulation structure 40 on the plane where the substrate 1 is located coincides with the center of the pixel opening region. This coincidence is not an absolute coincidence, but a coincidence in a broad sense that includes certain processing errors. Specifically, during the preparation process, due to factors such as various processing technologies and device accuracies, there will be a certain error between the center of the light-emitting modulation structure and the center of the pixel opening region. However, within a certain error range, the centers of the light-emitting modulation structure and the pixel opening region are regarded as coinciding. Preferably, the ratio of the distance between the center of the light-emitting modulation structure and the center of the pixel opening region to the width of the pixel opening is less than or equal to 5%, and within this range, the centers of the two are regarded as coinciding.

[0078] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the low-refractive-index layer 401 is in various curved surface shapes such as circular arc or elliptical arc. Preferably, continue to refer to Figure 3 , the cross-sectional shape of the low-refractive-index layer 401 is in an elliptical arc shape.

[0079] Specifically, when the cross-sectional shape of the low-refractive-index layer 401 is in an elliptical arc shape, the change in its curvature can more effectively control the propagation path of light, causing the light to have a smoother and more uniform refraction when entering the high-refractive-index layer 402, thereby optimizing the light-emitting effect. This design not only helps to improve the utilization efficiency of light, but also improves the brightness uniformity at different viewing angles and enhances the overall performance of the display panel.

[0080] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 , the cross-sectional shape of the high-refractive-index layer 402 can be designed as a trapezoid or an inverted trapezoid. When the cross-section is trapezoidal, its upper base is shorter and the lower base is longer, which can effectively control the propagation direction of light, causing the light to have a uniform refraction when entering the high-refractive-index layer 402, thereby optimizing the light-emitting effect. The trapezoidal design helps to improve the utilization efficiency of light, improve the brightness uniformity at different viewing angles, and enhance the overall performance of the display panel.

[0081] In some embodiments, the angle between the side wall of the high-refractive-index layer 402 and the horizontal plane where the substrate 1 is located ranges from 70° to 85°, and the opening of the angle faces the low-refractive-index layer 401. This setting helps to control the propagation direction of light when entering the high-refractive-index layer 402, enabling the light to be more effectively modulated and guided, thereby optimizing the light-emitting effect. The selection of the angle range can balance the refraction and reflection of light, avoiding excessive divergence or concentration of light at large angles, and enhancing the brightness uniformity and overall display effect at different viewing angles.

[0082] In some embodiments, the height of the low refractive index layer 401 in the thickness direction of the substrate 1 is 1 μm to 3 μm. The height of the high refractive index layer 402 in the thickness direction of the substrate 1 is 1.5 μm to 4 μm. Among them, the height of the low refractive index layer 401 in the thickness direction of the substrate 1 is less than the height of the high refractive index layer 402 in the thickness direction of the substrate 1.

[0083] In some embodiments, the distance between the edge lines of the pixel opening in the orthographic projection on the substrate 1 is the first pitch, the distance between the edge lines of the low refractive index layer 401 in the orthographic projection on the substrate 1 is the second pitch, and the distance between the edge lines of the high refractive index layer 402 in the orthographic projection on the substrate 1 is the third pitch.

[0084] Specifically, the absolute value of the difference between the third pitch and the first pitch is 12 μm to 18 μm. It can also be understood that the width of the high refractive index layer 402 is 12 μm to 18 μm larger than the width of the pixel opening. Such a setting can ensure that the high refractive index layer 402 can effectively cover the pixel opening and form a certain expansion at the edge, which helps to optimize the light propagation path, reduce light scattering and loss, and improve the light utilization efficiency.

[0085] Specifically, the absolute value of the difference between the second pitch and the first pitch is 4 μm to 8 μm. Preferably, the difference between the second pitch and the first pitch is -8 μm to 4 μm. This indicates that the width of the low refractive index layer 401 can be greater than or less than the width of the pixel opening. When the width of the low refractive index layer 401 is greater than the width of the pixel opening, it can better guide and control the light propagation and improve the light emission uniformity. When the width of the low refractive index layer 401 is less than the width of the pixel opening, it can reduce the material usage, simplify the manufacturing process, and still maintain good optical performance.

[0086] In some embodiments, the material of the high refractive index layer 402 includes any one or more of an organic matrix, zirconia, titanium oxide, a photosensitizer, a dye, and a resin. The material of the low refractive index layer 401 includes at least one or more of an organic material doped with photosensitive particles, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride.

[0087] In some embodiments, according to the selection of various parameters of the above-mentioned low refractive index layer 401 and high refractive index layer 402, the display panel is designed, and the following embodiments can be obtained. In the following embodiments, the light-emitting unit emitting green light and the light output modulation structure 40 on the green light-emitting unit are taken as examples.

[0088] Example 1; Refer to Figure 6 , the parameter design of the light output modulation structure 40 is as follows:

[0089] Height of the high refractive index layer 402: The height value in the thickness direction of the substrate 1 is 4 μm.

[0090] Height of the low refractive index layer 401: The height value in the thickness direction of the substrate 1 is 2 μm, which is less than the height of the high refractive index layer 402.

[0091] Difference between the second pitch and the first pitch: The width of the high refractive index layer 402 is 14 μm larger than the pixel opening.

[0092] Difference between the second pitch and the first pitch: The width of the low refractive index layer 401 is 2 μm smaller than the width of the pixel opening.

[0093] Sidewall angle of the high refractive index layer 402: The angle range with the horizontal plane where the substrate 1 is located is 80°.

[0094] Based on the above design, the light output modulation structure 40 effectively regulates the propagation path and light output direction of light, significantly improving the brightness attenuation problem of the display panel at different viewing angles. Specifically, it is manifested in:

[0095] L-decay@45°: The degree of brightness attenuation deterioration is reduced from 65.9% to 60.9%, an improvement of 5%.

[0096] L-decay@30°: The degree of brightness attenuation deterioration is reduced from 25.2% to 19.4%, an improvement of approximately 6%.

[0097] It should be particularly noted that L-decay refers to the attenuation degree of the light output brightness of the display panel relative to the front viewing angle (0°) at different viewing angles. Specifically, L-decay@45° represents the attenuation percentage of the light output brightness relative to the front viewing angle at a 45° viewing angle. The lower the L-decay value, the better the brightness retention and the better the display effect at that viewing angle. By optimizing the light output modulation structure 40, L-decay can be effectively reduced, improving the performance of the display panel at wide viewing angles.

[0098] Example 2; Refer to Figure 7 , the parameter design of the light output modulation structure 40 refers to the parameters in Example 1. The different parameter design is that in this example, the width of the high refractive index layer 402 is 16 μm larger than the pixel opening. In this example, the light output modulation structure 40 effectively regulates the propagation path and light output direction of light, significantly improving the brightness attenuation problem of the display panel at different viewing angles. Specifically, it is manifested in:

[0099] L-decay@45°: The degree of brightness attenuation deterioration is reduced from 51.9% to 49.3%, an improvement of 3%.

[0100] L-decay@30°: The degree of brightness attenuation deterioration is reduced from 22.8% to 16.7%, an improvement of approximately 6%.

[0101] In some embodiments, at least one light-emitting unit in the light-emitting unit layer 2 is correspondingly provided with a light-emitting modulation structure 40. For specific designs, reference can be made to the following embodiments.

[0102] In one embodiment, each light-emitting unit in the light-emitting unit layer 2 is correspondingly provided with a light-emitting modulation structure 40.

[0103] Specifically, with reference to Figure 4 , the light-emitting unit layer 2 includes a first light-emitting pixel 20, a second light-emitting pixel 21, and a third light-emitting pixel 22 that display different colors, and the optical structure layer 4 is provided with a corresponding light-emitting modulation structure 40.

[0104] Taking the first light-emitting pixel 20 displaying red light, the second light-emitting pixel 21 displaying green light, and the third light-emitting pixel 22 displaying blue light as an example, their corresponding light-emitting modulation structures 40 respectively optimize the emission characteristics of red, green, and blue lights to improve the display effect. It can be understood that the light-emitting unit includes a hierarchical structure such as an anode layer, a hole transport layer, an organic light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode layer arranged in sequence, which will not be elaborated here.

[0105] The first light-emitting pixel 20 (red light pixel layer): When the red light emitted by the red light pixel layer reaches the first interface, due to the difference in refractive index, part of the red light will be refracted at this interface, changing the propagation direction, and thus being adjusted to be emitted at a large viewing angle.

[0106] The second light-emitting pixel 21 (green light pixel layer): When the green light emitted by the green light pixel layer reaches the first interface, due to the difference in refractive index, part of the green light will be refracted at this interface, changing the propagation direction, and thus being adjusted to be emitted at a large viewing angle.

[0107] The third light-emitting pixel 22 (blue light pixel layer): is responsible for generating blue light, and its corresponding light-emitting modulation structure 40 is designed according to the characteristics of blue light to improve the brightness attenuation problem of blue light at a large viewing angle.

[0108] By equipping each color of light-emitting pixel with a dedicated light-emitting modulation structure 40, the distribution of light of different colors at a large viewing angle is effectively improved, the problem of light emission brightness attenuation as the viewing angle increases is alleviated, and it can ensure that lights of different colors can maintain high brightness and color purity at various viewing angles, avoiding the problems of color deviation and brightness unevenness. It not only improves the display effect of the display panel at the front viewing angle, but also provides an excellent visual experience within a wider viewing angle range, enhancing the stability and consistency of the display.

[0109] In one embodiment, there is exactly one light-emitting unit in the light-emitting unit layer 2 that is correspondingly provided with a light-emitting modulation structure 40.

[0110] Specifically, with reference toFigure 8a In the optical structure layer 4, there is only a light output modulation structure 40 corresponding to the first light-emitting pixel 20 (red pixel layer).

[0111] Specifically, referring to Figure 8b in the optical structure layer 4, there is only a light output modulation structure 40 corresponding to the second light-emitting pixel 21 (green pixel layer).

[0112] Specifically, referring to Figure 8c in the optical structure layer 4, there is only a light output modulation structure 40 corresponding to the third light-emitting pixel 22 (blue pixel layer).

[0113] By setting the light output modulation structure 40 only for one light-emitting unit, the optimization of specific-color light can be achieved, improving its brightness and uniformity at different viewing angles. At the same time, the design and manufacturing processes are simplified, and the production cost is reduced. Such a setting can better meet specific requirements, and is convenient for verification and testing, ensuring the high quality and high performance of the product.

[0114] In one embodiment, two light-emitting units in the light-emitting unit layer 2 are correspondingly provided with a light output modulation structure 40.

[0115] Specifically, referring to Figure 9a in the optical structure layer 4, there are light output modulation structures 40 corresponding to the first light-emitting pixel 20 (red pixel layer) and the second light-emitting pixel 21 (green pixel layer).

[0116] Specifically, referring to Figure 9b in the optical structure layer 4, there are light output modulation structures 40 corresponding to the first light-emitting pixel 20 (red pixel layer) and the third light-emitting pixel 22 (blue pixel layer).

[0117] Specifically, referring to Figure 9c in the optical structure layer 4, there are light output modulation structures 40 corresponding to the second light-emitting pixel 21 (green pixel layer) and the third light-emitting pixel 22 (blue pixel layer).

[0118] This kind of setting for optimizing the light-emitting pixels of two colors takes into account both cost and manufacturing feasibility while meeting specific display requirements, and is applicable to application scenarios with high requirements for specific-color display effects.

[0119] In some embodiments, when each light-emitting unit in the light-emitting unit layer 2 is correspondingly provided with a light output modulation structure 40, the light output modulation structure 40 corresponding to the first light-emitting pixel 20 (red pixel layer) is the first light output modulation structure 410, the light output modulation structure 40 corresponding to the second light-emitting pixel 21 (green pixel layer) is the second light output modulation structure 420, and the light output modulation structure 40 corresponding to the third light-emitting pixel 22 (blue pixel layer) is the third light output modulation structure 430.

[0120] Specifically, referring to Figure 5 , the first light output modulation structure 410 includes a first low refractive index layer 4101 and a first high refractive index layer 4102. The second light output modulation structure 420 includes a second low refractive index layer 4201 and a second high refractive index layer 4202. The third light output modulation structure 430 includes a third low refractive index layer 4301 and a third high refractive index layer 4302.

[0121] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in the first direction X, the heights of the first low refractive index layer 4101, the second low refractive index layer 4201, and the third low refractive index layer 4301 are the first height H1, the second height H2, and the third height H3, respectively.

[0122] Preferably, the first height H1, the second height H2, and the third height H3 are all different from each other.

[0123] Preferably, at least two of the first height H1, the second height H2, and the third height H3 are the same.

[0124] In one embodiment, continuing to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in the first direction X, the heights of the first high refractive index layer 4102, the second high refractive index layer 4202, and the third high refractive index layer 4302 are the fourth height H4, the fifth height H5, and the sixth height H6, respectively.

[0125] Preferably, the fourth height H4, the fifth height H5, and the sixth height H6 are all different from each other.

[0126] Preferably, at least two of the fourth height H4, the fifth height H5, and the sixth height H6 are the same.

[0127] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the angles between the side walls of the first high refractive index layer 4102, the second high refractive index layer 4202, and the third high refractive index layer 4302 and the horizontal plane of the substrate 1 are the first angle a1, the second angle a2, and the third angle a3, respectively. The opening directions of the first angle a1, the second angle a2, and the third angle a3 face the first low refractive index layer 4101, the second low refractive index layer 4201, and the third low refractive index layer 4301, respectively.

[0128] Preferably, the first angle a1, the second angle a2, and the third angle a3 are all different from each other.

[0129] Preferably, at least two of the first angle a1, the second angle a2, and the third angle a3 are the same.

[0130] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the widths of the pixel apertures where the first light-emitting pixel 20, the second light-emitting pixel 21, and the third light-emitting pixel 22 are located are all the seventh width W0. The width of the first low-refractive-index layer 4101 is the first width W1, and the width of the first high-refractive-index layer 4102 is the second width W2. The width of the second low-refractive-index layer 4201 is the third width W3, and the width of the second high-refractive-index layer 4202 is the fourth width W4. The width of the third low-refractive-index layer 4301 is the fifth width W5, and the width of the third high-refractive-index layer 4302 is the sixth width W6.

[0131] In one embodiment, the difference between the seventh width W0 and the first width W1 is the first difference. The difference between the seventh width W0 and the third width W3 is the second difference. The difference between the seventh width W0 and the fifth width W5 is the third difference.

[0132] Preferably, the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference are all different from each other in pairs.

[0133] Preferably, at least two of the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference are the same.

[0134] In one embodiment, the difference between the seventh width W0 and the second width W2 is the fourth difference. The difference between the seventh width W0 and the fourth width W4 is the fifth difference. The difference between the seventh width W0 and the sixth width W6 is the sixth difference.

[0135] Preferably, the fourth difference, the fifth difference, and the sixth difference are all different from each other in pairs.

[0136] Preferably, at least two of the fourth difference, the fifth difference, and the sixth difference are the same.

[0137] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the light-emitting modulation structure 40 further includes a leveling layer 41, and the leveling layer 41 is disposed on the side of the high-refractive-index layer 402 away from the substrate 1. The projection of the leveling layer 41 on the substrate 1 covers the projection of the high-refractive-index layer 402 on the substrate 1. The high-refractive-index layer 402 and the leveling layer 41 are in contact with each other to form a second interface, and the second interface is used to adjust some of the light emitted from the first interface to be emitted at a small viewing angle.

[0138] Specifically, the setting of the leveling layer 41 helps to further optimize the light emission direction and distribution. When light travels from the high refractive index layer 402 to the leveling layer 41, due to the refractive index difference between the two materials, the light will refract at the second interface. By precisely controlling the thickness, material properties, and interface shape of the leveling layer 41, part of the light can be adjusted to emit at a smaller viewing angle. This design can effectively improve the light emission brightness at small viewing angles, reduce the brightness attenuation, and enhance the brightness uniformity and overall display effect of the display panel at different viewing angles.

[0139] Specifically, the refractive index of the leveling layer 41 is less than that of the high refractive index layer 402, the refractive index of the leveling layer 41 is greater than or equal to 1.48 and less than or equal to 1.6.

[0140] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the low refractive index layer 401 on the substrate 1 has the same shape as the orthographic projection of the high refractive index layer 402 on the substrate 1, and the orthographic projection of the low refractive index layer 401 on the substrate 1 is equally spaced and shrunk inward compared to the orthographic projection of the high refractive index layer 402 on the substrate 1. Or the orthographic projection of the high refractive index layer 402 on the substrate 1 is equally spaced and expanded outward compared to the orthographic projection of the low refractive index layer 401 on the substrate 1.

[0141] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 11 , the orthographic projection of the low refractive index layer 401 on the substrate 1 includes a first projection area 4010 and a plurality of second projection areas 4011.

[0142] The second projection areas 4011 are continuously arranged into a first annular area, which is arranged around the first projection area 4010. Among them, the first projection area 4010 is circular, and the second projection area 4011 is any one of a semicircle, a triangle, a rectangle, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a trapezoid, or a parabola.

[0143] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 11 , the orthographic projection of the high refractive index layer 402 on the substrate 1 includes a third projection area 4020 and a plurality of fourth projection areas 4021. The fourth projection areas 4021 are continuously arranged into a second annular area, which is arranged around the third projection area 4020; among them, the third projection area 4020 is circular, and the fourth projection area 4021 is any one of a semicircle, a triangle, a rectangle, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a trapezoid, or a parabola.

[0144] In some embodiments, the shapes of the first annular area and the second annular area are set to be the same. Or the shapes of the first annular area and the second annular area are set to be different.

[0145] Specifically, in this embodiment, taking the second low refractive index layer 4101 and the second high refractive index layer 4202 corresponding to the second light-emitting pixel 21 (green pixel layer) as examples, the following multiple embodiments are shown.

[0146] Embodiment 1: The first projection region 4010 and the third projection region 4020 are circular, the second projection region 4011 and the fourth projection region 4021 are arc-shaped, and the shapes of the first annular region and the second annular region are the same, both being circular rings. It can also be understood that, referring to Figure 10 , the orthographic projections of the low-refractive-index layer 401 and the high-refractive-index layer 402 on the substrate 1 have the same shape and are both circular.

[0147] Embodiment 2: Referring to Figure 11 , the first projection region 4010 and the third projection region 4020 are circular, the shapes of the first annular region and the second annular region are the same, and the second projection region 4011 and the fourth projection region 4021 are both triangular.

[0148] Embodiment 3: Referring to Figure 12 , the first projection region 4010 and the third projection region 4020 are circular, the shapes of the first annular region and the second annular region are different, the second projection region 4011 is arc-shaped so that the first annular region is a circular ring, and the fourth projection region 4021 is triangular so that the first annular region is a serrated circular ring.

[0149] Embodiment 4: Referring to Figure 13 , the first projection region 4010 and the third projection region 4020 are circular, the shapes of the first annular region and the second annular region are different, the second projection region 4011 is triangular so that the first annular region is a serrated circular ring, and the fourth projection region 4021 is arc-shaped so that the second annular region is a circular ring.

[0150] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the display panel further includes a color filter layer 5, which includes a black matrix layer 51, a color filter layer 52, and a protective layer 53 that are sequentially stacked along the first direction X.

[0151] The black matrix layer 51 can effectively prevent light interference between different sub-pixels and absorb unnecessary light coming from above and going below, thereby improving the display contrast and color purity. This will not be elaborated here. The color filter layer 52 is used to filter light of a specific wavelength, thereby realizing the display of the three primary colors of red, green, and blue. This will not be elaborated here either.

[0152] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , the color filter layer 5 is located between the optical structure layer 4 and the substrate 1.

[0153] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 14 , the color filter layer 5 is located on the side of the optical structure layer 4 away from the substrate 1.

[0154] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 orFigure 14 The display panel further includes a touch layer 6 and a thin film encapsulation layer 7. The touch layer 6 is disposed between the optical structure layer 4 and the substrate 1. The thin film encapsulation layer 7 includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer 71, an organic encapsulation layer 72, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer 73 that are sequentially stacked along the first direction X. Exemplarily, the thin film encapsulation layer 7 is configured as a first inorganic layer CVD1 composed of SiOx and SiNx, a first organic layer IJP formed by inkjet printing, and a second inorganic layer CVD2 composed of SiOx and SiNx. The inorganic layer can be replaced by other water and oxygen barrier inorganic layers, such as Al2O3 deposited by ALD. The organic layer can be replaced by other organic layers with good Particle coating effects, such as OC (Organic Coating) formed by photolithography.

[0155] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a glass cover plate 8. Specifically, referring to Figure 3 when the color filter layer 5 is located between the optical structure layer 4 and the substrate 1, the glass cover plate 8 is located on the side of the optical structure layer 4 away from the color filter layer 5. Referring to Figure 14 when the color filter layer 5 is located on the side of the optical structure layer 4 away from the substrate 1, the glass cover plate 8 is located on the side of the color filter layer 5 away from the substrate 1.

[0156] This application also provides a display device, including the display panel mentioned in any of the above embodiments. The specific structure and principle of the display panel are the same as those in the above embodiments and will not be described herein again. The display device can be any product or component with a display function, such as a monitor, a mobile phone, a television, a tablet computer, etc., and will not be listed one by one here.

[0157] The terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "an" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but indicate that there is at least one. If it only refers to "one", it will be separately stated. "Multiple" or "several" means two or more. The term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0158] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, include: substrate; A light-emitting unit layer located on one side of the substrate, the light-emitting unit layer comprising a plurality of light-emitting units distributed in an array; A pixel definition layer, comprising a plurality of pixel openings corresponding to the light-emitting units one by one, wherein the light-emitting units are located in the pixel openings; An optical structure layer, located on a side of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate, comprising a plurality of light-emitting modulation structures distributed in an array; At least one of the light-emitting units is correspondingly provided with the light-emitting modulation structure; wherein, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting modulation structure on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the substrate, and the center of the light-emitting modulation structure coincides with the projection of the center of the pixel opening area on the plane where the substrate is located.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The light output modulation structure comprises a low refractive layer and a high refractive layer stacked in sequence, and the orthographic projection of the low refractive layer on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light emitting unit on the substrate; The orthographic projection of the high refractive layer on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the substrate; wherein, The refractive index of the high refractive layer is greater than that of the low refractive layer. The low refractive layer and the high refractive layer contact each other to form a first interface, and the first interface is used to adjust part of the light emitted by the light emitting unit to emit at a wide viewing angle.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein The refractive index of the low-refractive layer is greater than or equal to 1.35 and less than or equal to 1.55; and / or The refractive index of the high refractive layer is greater than or equal to 1.65 and less than or equal to 1.

85.

4. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein The cross-sectional shape of the low refractive layer is any one of a circular arc shape and an elliptical arc shape; and / or The cross-sectional shape of the high refractive layer is either a trapezoid or an inverted trapezoid.

5. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein, The angle between the side wall of the high refractive layer and the horizontal plane where the substrate is located is in the range of 70° to 85°, and the opening of the angle faces the low refractive layer.

6. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein The height of the low refractive layer in the thickness direction of the substrate is 1 μm to 3 μm; the height of the high refractive layer in the thickness direction of the substrate is 1.5 μm to 4 μm, wherein: A height of the low-refractive layer in a thickness direction of the substrate is smaller than a height of the high-refractive layer in the thickness direction of the substrate.

7. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein The distance between the edge lines of the pixel openings projected on the substrate is a first distance, the distance between the edge lines of the low refractive layers projected on the substrate is a second distance, and the distance between the edge lines of the high refractive layers projected on the substrate is a third distance; The absolute value of the difference between the third spacing and the first spacing is 12 μm to 18 μm; and / or An absolute value of a difference between the second pitch and the first pitch is 4 μm to 8 μm.

8. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein The light output modulation structure further includes a leveling layer, which is arranged on a side of the high refractive layer away from the substrate, and a projection of the leveling layer on the substrate covers a projection of the high refractive layer on the substrate; The high refractive layer and the leveling layer contact each other to form a second interface, and the second interface is used to adjust part of the light emitted from the first interface to be emitted at a small viewing angle.

9. The display panel according to claim 8, wherein The refractive index of the leveling layer is less than that of the high refractive index layer, and the refractive index of the leveling layer is greater than or equal to 1.48 and less than or equal to 1.

6.

10. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein The orthographic projection of the low refractive index layer on the substrate includes a first projection area and a plurality of second projection areas. The second projection areas are continuously arranged into a first annular area and are arranged around the first projection area. Among them, the first projection area is circular, and the second projection area is any one of a semicircle, a triangle, a rectangle, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a trapezoid or a parabola; and / or The orthographic projection of the high refractive index layer on the substrate includes a third projection area and a plurality of fourth projection areas. The fourth projection areas are continuously arranged into a second annular area and are arranged around the third projection area. Among them, the third projection area is circular, and the fourth projection area is any one of a semicircle, a triangle, a rectangle, a circular arc, an elliptical arc, a trapezoid or a parabola.

11. The display panel according to claim 10, characterized in that, The shapes of the first annular area and the second annular area are the same; or The shapes of the first annular area and the second annular area are different.

12. The display panel according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The plurality of light emitting units include a first light emitting pixel that displays a first color, a second light emitting pixel that displays a second color, and a third light emitting pixel that displays a third color. The first color, the second color, and the third color are different; The plurality of light output modulation structures include a first light output modulation structure corresponding to the first light emitting pixel, a second light output modulation structure corresponding to the second light emitting pixel, and a third light output modulation structure corresponding to the third light emitting pixel. The first light output modulation structure includes a first low refractive index layer and a first high refractive index layer; the second light output modulation structure includes a second low refractive index layer and a second high refractive index layer, and the third modulation structure includes a third low refractive index layer and a third high refractive index layer; among them, In the first direction, the heights of the first low refractive index layer, the second low refractive index layer, and the third low refractive index layer are the first height, the second height, and the third height respectively, and the three are all different from each other in pairs, or at least two of them are the same; and / or In the first direction, the heights of the first high refractive index layer, the second high refractive index layer, and the third high refractive index layer are the fourth height, the fifth height, and the sixth height respectively, and the three are all different from each other in pairs, or at least two of them are the same; and / or The angles between the side walls of the first high refractive index layer, the second high refractive index layer, and the third high refractive index layer and the horizontal plane of the substrate are the first angle, the second angle, and the third angle respectively. The opening directions of the first angle, the second angle, and the third angle face the first low refractive index layer, the second low refractive index layer, and the third low refractive index layer respectively, and the first angle, the second angle, and the third angle are all different from each other in pairs, or at least two of them are the same; and / or The width differences between the first light emitting pixel and the first low refractive index layer, the second light emitting pixel and the second low refractive index layer, and the third light emitting pixel and the third low refractive index layer in the second direction are the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference respectively. Among them, the first difference, the second difference, and the third difference are all different from each other in pairs, or at least two of them are the same; The width differences between the first light-emitting pixel and the first high-refractive layer, the second light-emitting pixel and the second high-refractive layer, and the third light-emitting pixel and the third high-refractive layer in the second direction are respectively the fourth difference, the fifth difference, and the sixth difference, wherein the fourth difference, the fifth difference, and the sixth difference are all different from each other, or at least two of them are the same; The first direction is a direction from the substrate to the optical structure layer.

13. The display panel according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a color filter layer, which includes a black matrix layer, a filter layer, and a protective layer stacked in sequence from the substrate to the optical structure layer; The color filter layer is located between the optical structure layer and the substrate; or The color filter layer is located on a side of the optical structure layer away from the substrate.

14. The display panel according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The display panel further includes: A touch layer, disposed between the optical structure layer and the substrate; The thin film encapsulation layer comprises a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer and a second inorganic encapsulation layer which are sequentially stacked along a direction from the substrate to the optical structure layer.

15. A display device, characterized in that, Comprising a display panel as described in any one of claims 1-14.

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