LED lateral light-emitting angle control method based on arc-shaped reflecting wall

Abstract

The invention provides an LED lateral light-emitting angle control method based on an arc-shaped or polygonal reflecting wall, and relates to the technical field of LED light-emitting control. According to the method, indexes such as illuminance uniformity and module spacing are obtained, a variable parameter model is established in three-dimensional simulation, and optimal reflection wall preparation parameters are obtained by applying a multi-objective optimization algorithm. A final reflecting wall is formed through injection molding processing, effective control over the angle and uniformity of LED lateral light is achieved, the uniformity of a display screen is improved, the module distance is enlarged, materials and energy consumption are reduced, multi-scene application is met, and the reflecting wall is suitable for an efficient, energy-saving and high-reliability display system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of LED light emission control, and particularly to a method for controlling the lateral light emission angle of an LED based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall. Background Art

[0002] LED display technology is widely used in the light module matrix of large display screens due to its advantages such as high brightness and low energy consumption. Traditional LED lamp beads mainly emit light from the front, but limited by the light pattern distribution, it is difficult to meet the uniformity requirements of matrix arrangement. For this reason, the industry has gradually developed "five-sided light-emitting lamp beads", which enhance the lateral light-emitting ability by introducing an L-shaped reflecting wall structure to expand the effective light-emitting area and reduce the number of LEDs used. However, the linear characteristic of light radiation leads to uneven light energy distribution, especially forming weak light areas in the four corners of the matrix light module, seriously affecting the display uniformity.

[0003] With the urgent market demand for thinner, lighter, energy-saving, and cost-reducing display devices, the LED bracket design has further evolved towards modularization and high integration. The modular design of the matrix light module has become the mainstream due to its economy and arrangement flexibility, but its core challenge lies in how to avoid the generation of dark areas in the four corners while expanding the module spacing. Existing technologies attempt to improve the light distribution by optimizing the shape of the reflecting wall (such as a planar L-shaped structure), but still cannot effectively solve the contradiction between light energy diffusion and concentration.

[0004] Although the current L-shaped reflecting wall can improve the lateral light-emitting efficiency, its planar structure has limited control ability over light. When the matrix spacing is increased, the linear characteristic of light radiation causes significant attenuation of the light intensity in the four corners, forcing the module spacing to be reduced, resulting in material waste and cost increase. In addition, the existing design is difficult to balance the dynamic relationship between the light distribution area and light intensity concentration, restricting the further improvement of display uniformity and energy-saving effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the lateral light emission angle of an LED based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall. Through the arc-shaped / polygonal reflecting wall structure and adaptive optimization design, the uniformity of the LED matrix light distribution is significantly improved, the module spacing is expanded, the materials and energy consumption are reduced, and while meeting the requirements of multiple scenarios, an efficient, energy-saving, and highly reliable display solution is achieved.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] A method for controlling the lateral light emission angle of an LED based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall, comprising:

[0008] Obtaining the target illuminance uniformity U0, module spacing, allowable deviation ε, and target lateral energy ratio K of the light module matrix;

[0009] Based on the module pitch, a variable model of a preset structure reflecting wall with the radius of curvature R, the included angle θ, and the wall reflectivity ρ as parameters is established in 3D optical simulation software; the preset structure is arc-shaped or polygonal;

[0010] Based on the target illuminance uniformity U0, the allowable deviation ε, and the target lateral energy ratio K, the radius of curvature R, the included angle θ, and the wall reflectivity ρ are optimized using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal preparation parameters;

[0011] Based on the optimal preparation parameters, the final reflecting wall with the preset structure is prepared by injection molding;

[0012] The control of the LED lateral emission angle is achieved using the final reflecting wall.

[0013] Preferably, the value range of the radius of curvature R is 0.5 mm – 3 mm; the value range of the included angle θ is 30° – 150°.

[0014] Preferably, the value range of the wall reflectivity ρ is 0.85 – 0.99. When ρ is lower than 0.92, the surface of the reflecting wall is a mirror high-reflection layer to increase the value of ρ.

[0015] Preferably, based on the target illuminance uniformity U0, the allowable deviation ε, and the target lateral energy ratio K, the radius of curvature R, the included angle θ, and the wall reflectivity ρ are optimized using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal preparation parameters, including:

[0016] a. Randomly generate a number of parameter groups (R i , θ i , ρ i ) within the preset ranges of the radius of curvature R, the included angle θ, and the wall reflectivity ρ; where R i , θ i , and ρ i are respectively the i-th radius of curvature, included angle, and wall reflectivity in the parameter group;

[0017] b. Perform Monte Carlo ray tracing on each parameter group to obtain the illuminance uniformity U i and the lateral energy ratio K i ;

[0018] c. Calculate the comprehensive deviation Δ i = w1|U i – U0| + w2|K i – K|; w1 and w2 are respectively the illuminance uniformity error weight and the lateral energy ratio error weight;

[0019] d. Use a genetic algorithm or a gradient descent algorithm to simultaneously adjust R, θ, and ρ to minimize Δ i ;

[0020] e. When Δ i ≤ ε or the number of iterations ≥ N, output the optimal parameters (R*, θ*, ρ*), otherwise return to step b; where N is the maximum number of iterations, and R*, θ*, and ρ* are the radius of curvature, the included angle, and the wall reflectivity in the optimal preparation parameters, respectively.

[0021] Preferably, when using a genetic algorithm, the crossover probability is 0.7 - 0.9, the mutation probability is 0.01 - 0.1, and the best 10% of the individuals are retained at the end of each generation for elitist retention.

[0022] Preferably, when using a gradient descent algorithm, the learning rate η used in the k-th iteration k decreases according to the formula η k = η0÷(1 + k / K), where η0 is the preset initial learning rate and K is the decay constant.

[0023] Preferably, it further includes

[0024] arranging an optical intensity sensor array on the LED module of the final reflection wall after assembly to measure the measured uniformity U real ;

[0025] Judge whether the formula |U real - U0|> ε holds. If so, feedback U real to step b for re-optimization until the uniformity requirement is met.

[0026] Preferably, the optical intensity sensor array is arranged in a 4×4 grid.

[0027] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0028] The present invention provides an LED lateral light-emitting angle control method based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall, including: obtaining the target illuminance uniformity U0, module pitch, allowable deviation ε, and target lateral energy ratio K of the light module matrix; based on the module pitch, establishing a variable model of a preset structure reflecting wall with curvature radius R, included angle θ, and wall reflectivity ρ as parameters in a three-dimensional optical simulation software; the preset structure is arc-shaped or polygonal; based on the target illuminance uniformity U0, allowable deviation ε, and target lateral energy ratio K, using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to optimize the curvature radius R, included angle θ, and wall reflectivity ρ to obtain the optimal preparation parameters; based on the optimal preparation parameters, preparing the final reflecting wall of the preset structure through injection molding; and using the final reflecting wall to control the LED lateral light-emitting angle. Through the arc-shaped / polygonal reflecting wall structure and adaptive optimization design, the present invention significantly improves the light distribution uniformity of the LED matrix, expands the module pitch, reduces materials and energy consumption, and realizes an efficient, energy-saving, and highly reliable display solution while meeting the requirements of multiple scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the technical route provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a flowchart for judging the uniformity provided by the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The object of the present invention is to provide an LED lateral light-emitting angle control method based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall. Through the arc-shaped / polygonal reflecting wall structure and adaptive optimization design, the light distribution uniformity of the LED matrix is significantly improved, the module spacing is expanded, the materials and energy consumption are reduced, and while meeting the requirements of multiple scenarios, an efficient, energy-saving and highly reliable display solution is achieved.

[0035] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides an LED lateral light-emitting angle control method based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall, including:

[0037] Step 100: Obtain the target illuminance uniformity U0, module spacing, allowable deviation ε and the target lateral energy ratio K of the light module matrix;

[0038] Step 200: Based on the module spacing, establish a variable model of a preset structure reflecting wall with the curvature radius R, included angle θ and wall reflectivity ρ as parameters in a three-dimensional optical simulation software; the preset structure is arc-shaped or polygonal;

[0039] Step 300: Based on the target illuminance uniformity U0, allowable deviation ε and the target lateral energy ratio K, use a multi-objective optimization algorithm to optimize the curvature radius R, included angle θ and wall reflectivity ρ to obtain the optimal preparation parameters;

[0040] Step 400: Based on the optimal preparation parameters, prepare the final reflecting wall of the preset structure by injection molding;

[0041] Step 500: Use the final reflecting wall to control the LED lateral light-emitting angle.

[0042] Preferably, the value range of the curvature radius R is 0.5 mm – 3 mm; the value range of the included angle θ is 30° – 150°.

[0043] Preferably, the value range of the wall reflectivity ρ is 0.85 – 0.99. When ρ is lower than 0.92, the surface of the reflecting wall is a mirror high-reflection layer to increase the value of ρ.

[0044] Specifically, in step 100 of this embodiment, the actual requirements for brightness uniformity are evaluated in combination with the resolution of the display screen, the expected viewing distance and the application scenario. By referring to industry standards, simulation data and user experience feedback, a suitable target illuminance uniformity value is determined. This target value should reflect the brightness distribution consistency of the entire display area under normal working conditions to ensure that the final product has good display performance.

[0045] Subsequently, the present embodiment reasonably determines the spacing between modules. This parameter is not only affected by the overall size of the display screen and the pixel arrangement, but also the actual conditions such as structural strength, heat dissipation space, and assembly process need to be considered. The technical team usually analyzes the optical performance and mechanical feasibility of different spacing schemes in prototype testing or layout simulation, and finally selects a module spacing that can not only meet the requirements of uniform illumination but also has excellent physical compatibility. The above spacing selection also needs to take into account production costs and the convenience of subsequent maintenance.

[0046] In addition, the present embodiment sets the allowable deviation and the target of the lateral energy ratio of the optical design. The allowable deviation is mainly determined by comprehensively considering the production process accuracy and performance acceptance requirements, and corresponding values are set according to the actual mass production level and quality assurance standards, which are used as the judgment basis in the subsequent optimization and inspection processes. The target of the lateral energy ratio is based on the light efficiency distribution requirements of the application scenario. By analyzing the light-emitting characteristics under typical working conditions, statistics and induction are carried out, aiming to make the final optical module not only have uniform front-side light emission but also good lateral illumination effects, so as to meet the usage requirements of diverse occasions such as large-screen splicing and advertising display.

[0047] Optionally, in step 200 of the present embodiment, after obtaining the actual spacing parameters of the optical module, first establish a spatial skeleton model of the matrix optical module in the three-dimensional optical simulation software to ensure that the placement positions and spacing heights of each module reflect the actual assembly situation consistently. On this space basis, determine the available installation area around each module, and reserve sufficient modeling space for the subsequent design of the reflecting wall structure. This process takes into account the physical separation requirements and optical overlap control between modules, providing a geometric basis for accurate modeling.

[0048] Subsequently, according to the pre-set structure types, respectively construct the basic models of arc-shaped or polygonal reflecting walls with adjustment capabilities. For the arc-shaped structure, by setting different curvature radii and included angles, continuous adjustment of the shape of the reflecting wall is achieved; for the polygonal structure, by adjusting the lengths and included angles of each side, a combination of walls with different reflection characteristics is generated. In the parameter model, set the curvature radius, included angle, or each control parameter of the polygon as input variables that can be adjusted, so as to facilitate subsequent optimization and iteration. Each structure is based on tolerance analysis and process implementation capabilities to ensure that three-dimensional geometric forms can be automatically generated according to parameter changes.

[0049] Finally, for the different characteristics of the reflecting wall materials, assign different wall reflectivity attributes to the surface of each reflecting wall in the simulation model. By assigning different reflectivities, the influence of using high-reflection metals, coatings, or matte materials on the light efficiency distribution in reality is simulated. The above model supports parametric input and batch automatic modeling, laying a technical foundation for subsequent multiple rounds of ray tracing and optimization analysis, and realizing the complete modeling requirements of structural variability and material diversity.

[0050] Preferably, based on the target illuminance uniformity U0, the allowable deviation ε, and the target lateral energy ratio K, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to optimize the radius of curvature R, the included angle θ, and the wall reflectivity ρ to obtain the optimal preparation parameters, including:

[0051] a. Randomly generate a number of parameter groups (R i , θ i , ρ i ) within the preset ranges of the radius of curvature R, the included angle θ, and the wall reflectivity ρ; where R i , θ i , and ρ i are respectively the i-th radius of curvature, included angle, and wall reflectivity in the parameter group;

[0052] b. Perform Monte Carlo ray tracing on each parameter group to obtain the illuminance uniformity U i and the lateral energy ratio K i ;

[0053] c. Calculate the comprehensive deviation Δ i = w1|U i – U0| + w2|K i – K|; w i and w2 are respectively the illuminance uniformity error weight and the lateral energy ratio error weight;

[0054] d. Use a genetic algorithm or a gradient descent algorithm to simultaneously adjust R, θ, ρ to minimize Δ i ;

[0055] e. When Δ i ≤ ε or the number of iterations ≥ N, output the optimal parameters (R*, θ*, ρ*), otherwise return to step b; where N is the maximum number of iterations, and R*, θ*, and ρ* are respectively the radius of curvature, included angle, and wall reflectivity in the optimal preparation parameters.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the multi-objective optimization stage, first, according to the design requirements, set the value ranges of the radius of curvature, the included angle, and the wall reflectivity, and randomly generate a large number of parameter combinations within this range. Each group of parameters represents a feasible geometric and material configuration of the reflecting wall. By sampling the uniform distribution of this initial parameter group, the potential structural solution space can be more comprehensively covered, providing a diverse exploration starting point for subsequent optimization.

[0057] For each set of parameter configurations, Monte Carlo ray tracing simulation is performed using 3D optical simulation software, and the illuminance uniformity and lateral energy ratio under the current configuration are automatically counted by the software. This process can truly reflect the influence of different curvature radii, included angles, and material reflection characteristics on the final light field distribution. The system scores the simulation output results of each set of parameters to obtain the comprehensive deviation from the target uniformity and energy ratio for this set of parameters, so as to measure its quality.

[0058] Finally, by introducing multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithms or gradient descent algorithms, the parameter combinations are automatically adjusted to minimize the target deviation. When the model iterates continuously for multiple rounds, if the comprehensive deviation is already lower than the preset allowable range, or the set maximum number of iterations is reached, the system outputs the optimal parameter group of curvature radius, included angle, and wall reflectivity. The optimization process is fully automated, which can significantly improve the design efficiency and ensure that the optical performance of the final product meets the actual requirements.

[0059] Preferably, when using the genetic algorithm, the crossover probability is 0.7–0.9, the mutation probability is 0.01–0.1, and the best 10% of the individuals are retained at the end of each generation for elitist retention.

[0060] Specifically, when using the genetic algorithm for multi-parameter optimization, first encode multiple initially generated parameter combinations and sort them according to the preset comprehensive deviation score. In each generation of the evolution process, selection, crossover, and mutation operations are performed, and individuals with lower comprehensive deviations are preferentially retained. The probability of the crossover operation is preferably 70% to 90% to increase the diversity of parameter recombination; the probability of the mutation operation is preferably 1% to 10% to explore small changes near the global optimal solution. At the end of each generation, elitist retention is performed on the parameter groups, and the top 10% of the individuals with the best performance are directly passed to the next generation to prevent excellent solutions from being destroyed by random operations, thereby ensuring the convergence and stability of the optimization results.

[0061] Preferably, when using the gradient descent algorithm, the learning rate ηk used in the k-th iteration decreases according to the formula ηk = η0÷(1 + k / K), where η0 is the preset initial learning rate and K is the decay constant.

[0062] Optionally, when using the gradient descent algorithm, the learning rate is adjusted according to the principle of decreasing step size for each parameter update, that is, the learning rate used in the k-th iteration gradually decreases as the number of iterations increases. This method preset an initial learning rate and a decay constant, and automatically calculates the current applicable learning rate size after each round of iteration, so that the search range is wider in the early stage and the step size shrinks during later convergence, avoiding falling into local oscillations. This decreasing learning rate strategy helps to improve the accuracy of parameter optimization and the overall convergence speed, ensuring that the optimal parameter configuration with balanced performance and excellent effects is finally obtained.

[0063] Preferably, as Figure 3 shown, it further includes:

[0064] Dispose an array of light intensity sensors on the LED module of the finally assembled reflective wall to measure the measured uniformity U real ;

[0065] Judge whether the formula |U real - U0| > ε holds. If so, feedback U real to step b for re-optimization until the uniformity requirement is met.

[0066] Specifically, after the structure of the finally assembled reflective wall is installed and assembled to the LED module, an array of light intensity sensors is evenly disposed within the entire display area. Through real-time data acquisition, the actual light intensity distribution of each detection point is obtained, and then the measured global illuminance uniformity is statistically calculated based on this. The arrangement of this sensor array can comprehensively cover key areas, ensuring that the measured data is representative and accurate, providing reliable actual feedback for the subsequent optimization process.

[0067] After obtaining the measured uniformity, this embodiment automatically compares and analyzes it with the designed target uniformity. If the actual uniformity is lower than the allowable range required by the design, that is, the prepared structure in this time fails to reach the expected performance, the collected measured data will be used as a new feedback input and returned to the data processing link of the parameter optimization step to correct and optimize the process from the beginning. Through multiple rounds of experiments and feedback closed-loop, the structural parameters of the reflective wall are continuously adjusted until the measured uniformity reaches the target standard, realizing the integrated quality assurance of the process and design.

[0068] Preferably, the array of light intensity sensors is arranged in a 4×4 grid.

[0069] Furthermore, after completing the optimal parameter design and the assembly of the finally assembled reflective wall structure, by reasonably matching the positions and shapes of the LED light-emitting chips and the reflective wall, effective control of the lateral light-emitting angle is achieved. The finally assembled reflective wall adopts a curvature and included angle design optimized for multiple objectives, which can effectively guide the light emitted by the LED to the required spatial area, making the lateral irradiation range more uniform and controllable, thereby significantly improving the edge light field distribution of the display module and meeting the consistency requirements of a wide viewing angle.

[0070] Furthermore, to verify the light angle and uniformity control effect, a 4x4 light intensity sensor array is arranged on the surface of the LED matrix module to form a detection grid covering the entire area. Each sensing point can record the light intensity value at its corresponding position in real time. Through the statistical analysis of the array data, the guiding effect of the reflecting wall on the lateral light emission of the LED can be accurately evaluated. If deviations in local light intensity or emission angle are found, relevant parameters can be further adjusted based on the information reflected by the array to continuously optimize the emission performance of the module and ensure the expected lateral lighting effect in actual applications.

[0071] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0072] (1) By replacing the traditional planar L-shaped reflecting wall with a precisely designed arc-shaped or polygonal reflecting wall and optimizing the radius of curvature and corner angles, the present invention realizes fine control of the lateral light emission direction of the LED, effectively compensating for the weak light areas at the four corners of the matrix. Through simulation or actual measurement, the light intensity uniformity of the matrix pixel points can be greatly improved, effectively avoiding visual defects caused by dark areas on the display screen.

[0073] (2) Since the arc-shaped (or polygonal) reflecting wall enhances the light control ability, the LED light modules can be arranged at a larger pitch without generating dark areas at the four corners, reducing the overall number of LEDs and bracket materials required, effectively saving production costs and improving the economy of the display device.

[0074] (3) The present invention can, according to different light distribution targets, enhance the external diffusion range by selecting a convex arc-shaped reflecting wall or enhance the light intensity concentration by selecting a concave arc-shaped reflecting wall, and supports the optimization of multiple target parameters to meet the multiple requirements for light pattern, uniformity, and brightness in different scenarios.

[0075] (4) Through precise light path guidance, the present invention improves the light extraction efficiency of the LED, reduces the lateral energy loss, can further reduce power consumption, helps to improve the overall energy efficiency of the display device and supports the application requirements of being more lightweight and energy-saving. At the same time, the structural optimization simplifies the installation and adjustment process, improving the reliability and consistency of the overall system.

[0076] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0077] Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. An LED lateral light emission angle control method based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall, characterized in that Including: Obtaining the target illumination uniformity U0, module pitch, allowable deviation ε, and target lateral energy ratio K of the optical module matrix; Based on the module pitch, establishing a variable model of a preset structural reflective wall with the radius of curvature R, included angle θ, and wall reflectivity ρ as parameters in 3D optical simulation software; the preset structure is arc-shaped or polygonal; Based on the target illumination uniformity U0, allowable deviation ε, and target lateral energy ratio K, using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to optimize the radius of curvature R, included angle θ, and wall reflectivity ρ to obtain the optimal preparation parameters; Based on the optimal preparation parameters, preparing the final reflective wall of the preset structure through injection molding; Using the final reflective wall to control the LED lateral emission angle.

2. The LED lateral light-emitting angle control method based on the arc-shaped reflecting wall according to claim 1, wherein The value range of the radius of curvature R is 0.5 mm–3 mm; the value range of the included angle θ is 30°–150°.

3. The LED lateral light emission angle control method based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall according to claim 1, wherein The value range of the wall reflectivity ρ is 0.85–0.

99.

4. The method for controlling the lateral light-emitting angle of an LED based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall according to claim 1, wherein Based on the target illumination uniformity U0, allowable deviation ε, and target lateral energy ratio K, using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to optimize the radius of curvature R, included angle θ, and wall reflectivity ρ to obtain the optimal preparation parameters, including: a. Randomly generate a number of parameter sets (R i , θ i , ρ i ) within the preset ranges of the curvature radius R, the included angle θ, and the wall reflectivity ρ; where R i , θ i , and ρ i are respectively the i-th curvature radius, included angle, and wall reflectivity in the parameter set; b. Perform Monte Carlo ray tracing on each of the parameter groups to obtain the illumination uniformity U i and the lateral energy ratio K i ; c. Calculate the comprehensive deviation Δ i = w1|U i – U0| + w2|K i – K|; where w1 and w2 are the error weights of the illuminance uniformity and the error weight of the lateral energy ratio, respectively; d. Use a genetic algorithm or a gradient descent algorithm to simultaneously adjust R, θ, and ρ to minimize Δ i ; e. When Δ i ≤ ε or the number of iterations ≥ N, output the optimal parameters (R*, θ*, ρ*), otherwise return to step b; where N is the maximum number of iterations, and R*, θ*, and ρ* are the radius of curvature, the included angle, and the wall reflectivity in the optimal preparation parameters, respectively.

5. The method for controlling the lateral light-emitting angle of an LED based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall according to claim 4, characterized in that, When using the genetic algorithm, the crossover probability is 0.7–0.9, the mutation probability is 0.01–0.1, and the best 10% of individuals are retained at the end of each generation for elitist retention.

6. The method for controlling the lateral light-emitting angle of an LED based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall according to claim 4, wherein When using the gradient descent algorithm, the learning rate η used in the k-th iteration k decreases according to the formula η k = η0÷(1 + k / K), where η0 is the preset initial learning rate and K is the decay constant.

7. The method for controlling the lateral light-emitting angle of an LED based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall according to claim 4, characterized in that Also including On the LED module of the finally assembled reflective wall, an array of light intensity sensors is arranged to measure the measured uniformity U real ; Determine whether the formula |U real - U0| > ε holds. If so, feed U real back to step b for re - optimization until the uniformity requirement is met.

8. The method for controlling the lateral light-emitting angle of an LED based on an arc-shaped reflecting wall according to claim 7, wherein The light intensity sensor array is arranged in a 4×4 grid pattern.

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