Angle-adjustable bone fracture plate for acetabular fracture

Abstract

The angle-adjustable bone fracture plate comprises a transverse plate used for being placed on the edge of the top of the acetabulum and a vertical plate used for being placed on the outer side edge of an iliac wing, locking holes are formed in the transverse plate and the vertical plate, the vertical plate can rotate and can be fixed to the middle of the upper edge of the transverse plate in a locked mode, a section of adjusting area is arranged on the vertical plate, and the adjusting area is arranged on the vertical plate. The outer surface of the adjusting area is a slope, the slope inclines downwards from the free end of the vertical plate to the fixed end of the vertical plate, and a strip-shaped adjusting hole is formed in the adjusting area. The bone fracture plate is of a similar-T-shaped structure, the angle formed by the vertical plate and the transverse plate is adjustable, the vertical plate can incline towards the front side of the ilium and can also incline towards the rear side of the ilium, real-time adjustment can be conducted according to the actual situation of a patient in an operation, the requirements of different patients are met, and the operation quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical devices, and particularly to a bone plate for acetabular fractures with adjustable angles. Background Art

[0002] Acetabular fractures are common clinical multiple injuries. The injury mechanism of acetabular fractures is mostly high-energy violence acting on the acetabular articular surface through the femoral head, causing bone fragment displacement and hip joint instability. The acetabulum is a small hemispherical bony deep concave, cup-shaped, composed of the hip bone, ischium, and pubic symphysis. The bony articular surface is uneven, and there is a labrum at the edge, which deepens and widens the acetabulum, reduces the size of the acetabular opening, and enhances the sealing degree of the acetabulum. The particularity of the acetabular anatomical structure determines the complexity of surgical treatment. Therefore, accurate fracture classification diagnosis and appropriate surgical selection are the prerequisites for good prognosis of patients with acetabular fractures.

[0003] The acetabular roof is an important structure for maintaining hip joint stability. Once damaged, the hip joint stability is severely disrupted, and the femoral head has a serious tendency to dislocate cephalad. The applicant's team was the first in the world to propose the three-column classification theory for acetabular fractures and creatively divided the acetabular roof into the apical column and apical wall based on the acetabular anatomical characteristics, emphasizing the important role of the weight-bearing apical area. The research results of the applicant's team show that the incidence of acetabular roof injuries accounts for about 2.72% of all acetabular fractures. The reduction and fixation of this type of injury are extremely difficult. Currently, there are few bone plates specifically used for fixing apical column and apical wall fractures, and complications such as postoperative limping are common. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a special bone plate for fixing acetabular roof injuries.

[0004] The prior Chinese utility model patent CN202320944419.7, an acetabular lateral fracture bone plate, is applicable to apical column / wall fractures, and is a bone plate for acetabular fractures with stable fracture reduction and strong internal fixation. However, for apical column and apical wall fractures, the femoral head and acetabular fracture fragments are often extremely unstable, and it is difficult to maintain the reduction effect even after reduction. Moreover, according to the different conditions of patients, the vertical plate part sometimes needs to be inclined anteriorly to the ilium, and sometimes needs to be inclined posteriorly to the ilium, resulting in certain limitations in fixing acetabular roof injuries. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bone plate for acetabular fractures with adjustable angles, which can adjust the angle of the bone plate to meet the surgical needs of different patients.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A bone plate for acetabular fractures with adjustable angles, comprising a transverse plate for placing on the edge of the acetabular roof and a vertical plate for placing on the outer edge of the iliac wing. Locking holes are provided on both the transverse plate and the vertical plate. It is characterized in that

[0008] The middle of the upper edge of the transverse plate has a first connecting portion extending upward. The connecting area of the first connecting portion is concave relative to the outer surface of the transverse plate. The lower end of the vertical plate has a second connecting portion extending downward. The second connecting portion is concave relative to the inner surface of the vertical plate. The second connecting portion can be rotatably and lockably fixed to the connecting area, and the inner surfaces of the transverse plate and the vertical plate are flush. The connecting area can limit the extreme angle between the vertical plate and the transverse direction where the transverse plate is located to be between 60° and 87°.

[0009] There is an adjustment area on the vertical plate. The outer surface of the adjustment area is a slope surface, which is inclined downward from the free end to the fixed end of the vertical plate. A strip-shaped adjustment hole is provided on the adjustment area.

[0010] Furthermore, the technical solution lies in that the second connecting portion has a perforation, and a lock sleeve is embedded in the perforation. The outer end face of the lock sleeve has a first locking tooth surface. A lock rod is fixed on the first connecting portion. The lock rod has an external thread and its end face is non-circular. The lock rod passes through the perforation and can rotate in the perforation. A lock piece is sleeved on the lock rod. The inner hole of the lock piece matches the cross-section of the lock rod. One end of the lock piece facing the lock sleeve has a second locking tooth surface that can mesh with the first locking tooth surface. A lock nut is threadedly connected to the lock rod, and the lock nut is located outside the lock piece.

[0011] Furthermore, the technical solution lies in that the outer end of the inner hole of the lock sleeve has an expansion cavity, and a spring is provided in the expansion cavity. After the lock piece is locked with the lock sleeve, the spring is in a compressed state.

[0012] Furthermore, the technical solution lies in that the inner surfaces of the transverse plate and / or the vertical plate have anti-slip diagonal lines.

[0013] Furthermore, the technical solution lies in that the edge of the transverse plate has a plurality of arc-shaped depressions, and the depressions are located between adjacent locking holes.

[0014] Furthermore, the technical solution lies in that Kirschner wire holes are provided on both the transverse plate and the vertical plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0016] This bone plate for acetabular fracture also has a T-shaped structure. The angle formed by the vertical plate and the transverse plate is adjustable, so that the vertical plate can be inclined both forward and backward to the ilium, and can be adjusted in real time according to the actual situation of the patient during the operation to meet the needs of different patients and improve the quality of the operation.

[0017] When adjusting the angle of the vertical plate, by setting the concave connection area, not only can the horizontal plate and the vertical plate be concavely and convexly matched at the connection, making the thickness at the connection flush with the whole, but also the edge of the connection area can be used to limit the extreme angle of the vertical plate, avoiding intraoperative angle measurement and ensuring that the vertical plate is within the effective range after angle adjustment.

[0018] Through the setting of the adjustment holes, the reduction of the displaced bone mass can also be achieved. There is a section on the vertical plate where the outer surface is a slope. The slope is inclined downward from the free end to the fixed end of the vertical plate. Strip-shaped adjustment holes are provided on the adjustment area. During the operation, the locking screw is driven into from the high end of the adjustment hole and slides from the high end to the low end along the slope. As the locking screw slides down, the reduction screw drives the ilium to converge inward and move downward, and with the rotation of the locking screw, the reduction of the ilium can be achieved, realizing the reduction of the ilium. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the state where the vertical plate inclines forward to the ilium in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the state where the vertical plate inclines backward to the ilium in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is the side view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A in Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Such as Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, a bone plate for acetabular fractures with adjustable angle includes a transverse plate 10 for placing on the top edge of the acetabulum and a vertical plate 20 for placing on the outer edge of the iliac wing. Locking holes 1 are provided on both the transverse plate 10 and the vertical plate 20, and the bone plate is completely attached to the bone surface of the top of the acetabulum by driving locking nails into the locking holes 1.

[0028] The transverse plate 10 and the vertical plate 20 of the bone plate for acetabular fractures adopt a split structure to achieve adjustable angle of the vertical plate 20 relative to the transverse plate 10. In the middle of the upper edge of the transverse plate 10, there is a first connecting portion 110 extending upward. On the first connecting portion 110, there is a connecting area 111 concave relative to the outer surface of the transverse plate 10. The lower end of the vertical plate 20 has a second connecting portion 210 extending downward. The second connecting portion 210 is concave relative to the inner surface of the vertical plate 20, and the second connecting portion 210 can be rotatably and lockably fixed to the connecting area 111.

[0029] By additionally providing the first connecting portion 110, the strength of the original transverse plate 10 will not be reduced. By providing the concave connecting area 111 on the first connecting portion 110, after the second connecting portion 210 and the first connecting portion 110 are overlapped with concavity and convexity, the thickness of the connection part is flush with the whole, and most importantly, the inner surfaces of the transverse plate 10 and the vertical plate 20 are flush. There are a plurality of arc-shaped depressions on the edge of the transverse plate 10, and the depressions are located between adjacent two locking holes 1. The depressions are convenient for plastic bending, so as to facilitate intraoperative adjustment, so that the inner surfaces of both the transverse plate 10 and the vertical plate 20 can be attached to the bone surface, and the inner surfaces of the transverse plate 10 and the vertical plate 20 have anti-slip diagonal lines to increase the holding force between the bone plate and the bone surface.

[0030] The bone plate for acetabular fractures also has a T-shaped structure, and the angle formed by the vertical plate 20 and the transverse plate 10 is adjustable, so that the vertical plate 20 can be inclined both forward and backward of the ilium, and can be adjusted in real time according to the actual situation of the patient during the operation to meet the needs of different patients and improve the quality of the operation.

[0031] The upper edge of the connecting area 111 penetrates upward, the bottom of the lower edge is arc-shaped, and both side edges extend obliquely upward. And through the shape setting of the connecting area 111, the connecting area 111 can limit the maximum included angle between the vertical plate 20 and the transverse direction where the transverse plate 10 is located to be between 60° and 87°. By using the edge of the connecting area 111 to limit the extreme angle of the vertical plate 20, the measurement of the angle during the operation is avoided, and it can be ensured that the vertical plate 20 is within the effective range after the angle is adjusted.

[0032] K-wire holes 2 are provided on both the transverse plate 10 and the vertical plate 20. By driving K-wires into the K-wire holes 2, the bone plate can be temporarily fixed. After adjusting the positions of the transverse plate 10 and the vertical plate 20, drive K-wires for temporary fixation, and then lock the vertical plate 20 and the transverse plate 10 to avoid deviation during locking.

[0033] In order to better reset the bone block during the operation, an adjustment area 220 is further provided on the vertical plate 20. The outer surface of the adjustment area 220 is a slope surface, which is inclined downward from the free end to the fixed end of the vertical plate 20. A strip-shaped adjustment hole 221 is provided on the adjustment area 220.

[0034] Through the setting of the adjustment hole 221, the reset of the displaced bone block can also be realized. There is an adjustment area 220 on the vertical plate 20 with a slope surface on the outer surface. The slope surface is inclined downward from the free end to the fixed end of the vertical plate 20. A strip-shaped adjustment hole 221 is provided on the adjustment area 220. During the operation, the locking screw is driven into the high end of the adjustment hole 221 and slides from the high end to the low end along the slope surface. As the locking screw slides down, the reset screw drives the ilium to converge and move downward inward, and with the rotation of the locking screw, the ilium can be premised, and the reset of the ilium can be realized.

[0035] Regarding the connection structure between the vertical plate 20 and the horizontal plate 10, a circular through hole is provided on the first connection portion 110, and a lock sleeve 310 is embedded in the through hole. The outer end surface of the lock sleeve 310 has locking teeth circumferentially to form a first locking tooth surface. A lock rod 320 is fixed on the first connection portion 110. The lock rod 320 has an external thread, and its end surface is non-circular. It can be that one or two planes are cut axially on the surface of the cylindrical screw rod, so that the outer surface of the lock rod 320 has both a threaded arc surface and a plane. The lock rod 320 passes through the through hole and can rotate in the through hole. The part of the lock rod 320 passing through the through hole is sleeved with a lock piece 330 and a lock nut 340. The inner hole of the lock piece 330 matches the cross-section of the lock rod 320, so that the lock piece 330 cannot rotate relative to the lock rod 320. A second locking tooth surface capable of meshing with the first locking tooth surface is provided at one end of the lock piece 330 facing the lock sleeve 310. The lock nut 340 is threadedly connected to the lock rod 320, and the lock nut 340 is located outside the lock piece 330. When the lock nut 340 squeezes the lock piece 330 inward and the lock piece 330 meshes with the lock sleeve 310, the rotation of the vertical plate can be restricted, and the locking between the vertical plate 20 and the horizontal plate 10 can be realized.

[0036] In order to better release the locking between the vertical plate 20 and the horizontal plate 10 before the operation, an expansion cavity is provided at the outer end of the inner hole of the lock sleeve 310, and a spring is provided in the expansion cavity. After the lock piece 330 is locked with the lock sleeve 310, the spring is in a compressed state. Through the setting of the spring, when the lock nut 340 moves outward, the lock piece 330 can be quickly separated from the lock sleeve 310, and the lock rod 320 can be rotated to realize the angle adjustment of the vertical plate 20.

[0037] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any simple modification, deformation and equivalent replacement made by anyone according to the content of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bone plate for acetabular fractures with adjustable angle, comprising a transverse plate (10) for placement at the top edge of the acetabulum and a vertical plate (20) for placement on the outer edge of the iliac wing. Locking holes (1) are provided on both the transverse plate (10) and the vertical plate (20). It is characterized in that the middle of the upper edge of the transverse plate (10) has a first connecting portion (110) extending upward. The first connecting portion (110) has a connecting area (111) concave with respect to the outer surface of the transverse plate (10). The lower end of the vertical plate (20) has a second connecting portion (210) extending downward. The second connecting portion (210) is concave with respect to the inner surface of the vertical plate (20). The second connecting portion (210) is rotatably and lockably fixed on the connecting area (111). And the inner surfaces of the transverse plate (10) and the vertical plate (20) are flush. The connecting area (111) can limit the extreme angle between the vertical plate (20) and the transverse direction where the transverse plate (10) is located to be between 60° and 87°; the vertical plate (20) has an adjustment area (220). The outer surface of the adjustment area (220) is a slope surface. The slope surface is inclined downward from the free end to the fixed end of the vertical plate (20). A strip-shaped adjustment hole (221) is provided on the adjustment area (220).

2. The bone plate for acetabular fracture according to claim 1, wherein the second connecting portion (210) has a perforation, and a lock sleeve (310) is embedded in the perforation. The outer end surface of the lock sleeve (310) has a first locking tooth surface. A lock rod (320) is fixed on the first connecting portion (110). The lock rod (320) has an external thread and its end surface is non-circular. The lock rod (320) passes through the perforation and can rotate in the perforation. A lock piece (330) is sleeved on the lock rod (320). The inner hole of the lock piece (330) matches the cross-section of the lock rod (320). One end of the lock piece (330) facing the lock sleeve (310) has a second locking tooth surface that can engage with the first locking tooth surface. A lock nut (340) is threadedly connected to the lock rod (320). The lock nut (340) is located outside the lock piece (330).

3. The bone plate for acetabular fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer end of the inner hole of the lock sleeve (310) has an expansion cavity, and a spring is provided in the expansion cavity. After the lock piece (330) is locked with the lock sleeve (310), the spring is in a compressed state.

4. The bone plate for acetabular fracture according to claim 1, wherein The inner surface of the transverse plate (10) and / or the vertical plate (20) has anti-slip diagonal lines.

5. The bone plate for acetabular fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge of the transverse plate (10) has a plurality of arc-shaped depressions, and the depressions are located between adjacent two locking holes (1).

6. The bone plate for acetabular fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the transverse plate (10) and the vertical plate (20) are provided with Kirschner wire holes (2).

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