Flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic transpiration heat dissipation and dynamic cable force adjustment

Abstract

This invention discloses a flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable tension adjustment, belonging to the field of renewable energy technology. The flexible bifacial photovoltaic system includes: multiple biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels and support structures on both sides of the bifacial photovoltaic system to support the multiple biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels. A wind environment monitoring and control module and a hydraulic drive module are installed on the sides of the biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels. The wind environment monitoring and control module detects wind speed and direction, calculates and controls the hydraulic drive module to adjust the tension of the fiber bundles in the biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels. By monitoring wind speed and direction in real time and adaptively adjusting the cable tension, the system dynamically adapts to different wind environments, improving the overall wind resistance performance of the structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of renewable energy technology, specifically relating to a flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable force adjustment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of flexible photovoltaic (PV) technology, the application of flexible PV support systems is gradually increasing. These systems not only possess lightweight and high flexibility but can also adapt to various complex environments. However, the wind resistance of flexible PV systems is relatively limited. Especially under conditions of high wind speed or frequent wind direction changes, PV modules are susceptible to significant vibration and displacement, leading to frequent wind damage incidents. The wind vibration response of PV modules varies significantly across different wind angles and regions. Traditional wind-resistant measures have not fully considered this characteristic and have not implemented refined wind resistance control for different regions and wind angles of the flexible PV structure, making it prone to localized damage and further exacerbating overall structural failure.

[0003] Existing wind-resistant technologies primarily improve wind resistance by increasing rigidity or using fixed wind-resistant cables. However, these methods cannot flexibly adjust the wind resistance of the support structure according to real-time wind speed and direction changes. While traditional fiber bundles can stabilize the vibration of photovoltaic modules, their fixed cable tension prevents flexible adjustment for different wind angles or speeds, thus affecting the wind resistance of the photovoltaic support structure. Furthermore, photovoltaic modules often generate electricity at high temperatures, reducing the lifespan of the photovoltaic structure. Simultaneously, high temperatures significantly reduce the electron mobility of semiconductor materials in photovoltaic modules, directly impacting their power generation efficiency.

[0004] To address this, a flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable force adjustment is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable force adjustment, thereby solving the problems in existing technologies.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic tension adjustment includes: multiple biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels and support structures on both sides of the bifacial photovoltaic system to support the multiple biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels; the sides of the biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels are equipped with a wind environment monitoring and control module and a hydraulic drive module. The wind environment monitoring and control module detects wind speed and direction, calculates and controls the hydraulic drive module to adjust the tension of the fiber bundles in the biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels.

[0008] Furthermore, the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel comprises, from top to bottom: an upper main photovoltaic panel, a hydrogel bonding layer, and a lower biomimetic leaf vein perforated photovoltaic panel; fiber bundles are evenly distributed in the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel and are wrapped by the hydrogel bonding layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper main photovoltaic panel has tempered glass on both sides and a photovoltaic cell encapsulated in the middle for directly receiving solar energy and converting it into electrical energy; the lower biomimetic leaf vein perforated photovoltaic panel has tempered glass on both sides and a perforated irregularly shaped photovoltaic cell encapsulated in the middle for receiving reflected light from the environment and converting it into electrical energy.

[0010] The hydrogel bonding layer material is PAAK cross-linked sodium polyacrylate, which can absorb the heat of the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel, convert liquid water into water vapor through phase change, and dissipate heat through the latent heat of the biomimetic leaf vein holes in the lower biomimetic leaf vein hole photovoltaic panel.

[0011] Furthermore, after the fiber bundle extends out of the biomimetic evaporative cooling double-sided photovoltaic panel, it converges and extends into the composite fiber sleeve. The end of the fiber bundle extends into the water tank inside the hydraulic drive module. The fiber bundle draws water from the water tank through capillary action and transports it to the upper hydrogel bonding layer for evaporative cooling.

[0012] Furthermore, the fiber bundle is composed of bamboo fiber and basalt fiber.

[0013] Furthermore, the support structure includes a transverse connecting cable and column supports set on both sides of the bifacial photovoltaic system. The transverse connecting cable is connected to the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation bifacial photovoltaic panel and fixed to the upper end of the column supports, which are fixed to the ground.

[0014] Furthermore, every five biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panels constitute a photovoltaic unit. A triangular support is set between two adjacent photovoltaic units, and three photovoltaic units are set between two column supports. A horizontal load-bearing cable is set at the bottom of each triangular support. The horizontal load-bearing cable is connected to the bottom of the triangular support and fixed to the column supports on both sides.

[0015] Furthermore, the wind environment monitoring and control module includes a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, and a control unit. The control unit is installed on each hydraulic drive module. The wind speed and direction data collected by the wind speed sensor and the wind direction sensor are output to the control unit. The control unit, in conjunction with a real-time algorithm, calculates and sends a control signal to the hydraulic drive module to tension the fiber bundle.

[0016] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive module includes: a steel housing and a hydraulic rod telescopic mechanism; the piston rod of the hydraulic rod telescopic mechanism is provided with a fiber bundle connection and fixing hole at its top; the top of the steel housing is provided with a fiber bundle hole, through which the fiber bundle extends and is fixed to the fiber bundle connection and fixing hole; when a cable force adjustment signal is received, the piston rod telescopically extends to achieve axial tensioning of the fiber bundle.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive module also includes a rotating bracket, with a steel housing fixed on the rotating bracket. The turntable at the bottom of the rotating bracket can swing and rotate in the horizontal direction to achieve horizontal tensioning of the fiber bundle.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] 1. The fiber bundle of the present invention simultaneously achieves water conveyance and heat dissipation as well as cable tension adjustment, resulting in a high degree of system integration.

[0020] 2. This invention adopts a double-sided photovoltaic structure, which makes full use of the reflected and scattered solar energy on the back side to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy.

[0021] 3. This invention can monitor wind speed and direction in real time and adaptively adjust cable force to dynamically adapt to different wind environments and improve wind resistance. Under low wind speed conditions, the fiber bundle tension is weak and the overall structural stiffness is small. The flexible photovoltaic structure can better dissipate the energy transferred by wind loads under low wind speeds. Under high wind speed conditions, the fiber bundle can move to the position where the structure's wind vibration response is most unfavorable. At this time, the distance between the moving end and the fixed end of the fiber bundle increases, putting the fiber bundle in a tensioned state. The stiffness of the flexible photovoltaic structure increases, reducing the wind vibration response at local dangerous points while improving the overall wind resistance performance of the structure.

[0022] 4. The wind vibration response of the upper and lower parts of the flexible photovoltaic structure varies significantly under different wind angles. This invention enables the fiber bundle to be controlled in multiple areas through an independent hydraulic drive device, which can accurately match the wind resistance requirements under different wind directions and speeds.

[0023] 5. This invention reduces the damage to photovoltaic modules caused by wind vibration through cable force optimization, and reduces failures caused by fatigue damage; through biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation design, it effectively reduces the operating temperature of photovoltaic modules, alleviates the problem of premature structural aging caused by high temperature, and improves the service life of photovoltaic modules.

[0024] 6. The biomimetic evaporative cooling double-sided photovoltaic panel of this invention adopts a passive adaptive design, which does not require external control and has high operating efficiency and economy.

[0025] 7. This invention improves the stability of the structure by setting up a hydraulic drive module that can swing left and right, rotate and extend axially to tension the fiber bundle in both the horizontal and axial directions, thereby achieving three-dimensional dynamic control of the cable force.

[0026] 8. This invention achieves wind resistance stability of photovoltaic panels by setting up horizontal triangular supports and load-bearing cables.

[0027] 9. This invention is made by combining bamboo fiber and basalt fiber, which gives the fiber bundle good tensile strength and water transport properties, thereby realizing the evaporative heat dissipation of the photovoltaic panel and the stiffness adjustment of the fiber bundle.

[0028] 10. This invention utilizes the Venturi effect by setting up a photovoltaic panel with perforated leaf veins at the bottom to accelerate water vapor dissipation and improve evaporative heat dissipation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flexible bifacial photovoltaic system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a side view of the double-sided photovoltaic panel control unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a top view of the double-sided photovoltaic panel control unit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 These are detailed drawings of the biomimetic evaporative cooling double-sided photovoltaic panel of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower biomimetic leaf vein perforated photovoltaic panel of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic drive module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1-Bionic evaporative cooling double-sided photovoltaic panel; 11-Upper main photovoltaic panel; 12-Hydrogel bonding layer; 13-Fiber bundle; 14-Lower bionic leaf vein perforated photovoltaic panel; 131-Bamboo fiber; 132-Basalt fiber; 133-Composite fiber sleeve; 141-Perforation; 2-Supporting structure; 21-Connecting cable; 22-Column bracket; 23-Horizontal load-bearing cable; 24-Triangular support; 221-I-shaped steel column; 22 2-Horizontal middle connecting rod, 223-X-shaped diagonal support, 224-Horizontal upper connecting rod; 3-Wind environment monitoring and control module, 31-Wind speed sensor, 32-Wind direction sensor, 33-Control unit; 4-Hydraulic drive module, 41-Steel shell, 42-Water tank, 43-Fiber bundle connection fixing hole, 44-Hydraulic rod telescopic mechanism, 45-Rotating bracket, 411-Fiber bundle hole, 441-Piston rod, 451-Turntable. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic tension adjustment includes: multiple biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels 1 and support structures 2 set on both sides of the bifacial photovoltaic system to support the multiple biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panels 1; a wind environment monitoring and control module 3 and a hydraulic drive module 4 are set on the side of the biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panel 1. The wind environment monitoring and control module 3 calculates and controls the hydraulic drive module 4 to adjust the tension of the fiber bundles 13 in the biomimetic evaporative cooling bifacial photovoltaic panel 1 by detecting wind speed and wind direction.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the biomimetic evaporative cooling double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 comprises, from top to bottom: an upper main photovoltaic panel 11, a hydrogel bonding layer 12, a fiber bundle 13, and a lower biomimetic leaf vein perforated photovoltaic panel 14; the upper main photovoltaic panel 11 is the main power generation unit, with tempered glass on both sides and a photovoltaic cell encapsulated in the middle, used to directly receive solar energy and convert it into electrical energy; the lower biomimetic leaf vein perforated photovoltaic panel 14 is an auxiliary power generation unit, with tempered glass on both sides and a perforated irregularly shaped photovoltaic cell encapsulated in the middle, used to receive reflected light from the environment and convert it into electrical energy;

[0041] A hydrogel bonding layer 12 is placed between the upper main photovoltaic panel 11 and the lower biomimetic leaf vein perforated photovoltaic panel 14. Its material is PAAK cross-linked sodium polyacrylate, which has good water absorption, efficient phase change, and structural stability. It is used to absorb heat from the biomimetic evaporative cooling double-sided photovoltaic panel 1, converting liquid water into water vapor through a phase change, and achieving latent heat dissipation through the pre-set biomimetic leaf vein perforated photovoltaic panel 141 (e.g., ...). Figure 5 (as shown);

[0042] Fiber bundle 13 is composed of bamboo fiber and basalt fiber. Bamboo fiber possesses good moisture absorption and permeability, while basalt fiber exhibits high tensile strength and elastic modulus. The composite fiber bundle 13 balances both water conductivity and tensile strength requirements. The fiber bundle 13 is uniformly distributed within the biomimetic evaporative cooling double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 and is encapsulated by a hydrogel bonding layer 12. Figure 2 As shown, after the fiber bundle 13 extends out of the biomimetic transpiration heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel 1, it gathers and extends into the composite fiber sleeve 131. The composite fiber sleeve 131 wraps around and protects the fiber bundle 13 and reduces water loss. The end of the fiber bundle 13 extends into the water tank 42 set in the hydraulic drive module 4. The fiber bundle 13 draws water from the water tank 42 through the formed three-dimensional capillary channel and transports it to the upper hydrogel bonding layer 12 through capillary action, thereby realizing a transpiration heat dissipation effect similar to plant leaves and improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the support structure 2 includes a horizontal connecting cable 21, a column bracket 22, and a triangular support 24. The horizontal connecting cable 21 is connected to the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 and fixed to the upper end of the column bracket 22 on both sides. The column bracket 22 is fixed to the ground.

[0044] The column support 22 includes two vertical I-shaped steel columns 221, the bottom of which is fixed to the ground. A transverse middle connecting rod 222 and an X-shaped diagonal support 223 are provided between the two I-shaped steel columns 221. A transverse upper connecting rod 224 is provided on the upper part of the two I-shaped steel columns 221.

[0045] To improve the overall strength and rigidity of the structure, in this embodiment, a triangular support 24 is provided for every five biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panels 1. The triangular support 24 consists of a horizontal bar and two diagonal bars. Every five photovoltaic panels are connected to form a photovoltaic unit. A triangular support 24 is provided between two adjacent photovoltaic units. Three photovoltaic units are provided between the two column supports 22. To ensure the structural stability of the photovoltaic panel in the middle span of the two column supports 22, a transverse load-bearing cable 23 is provided at the bottom of each triangular support 24. The transverse load-bearing cable 23 is connected to the bottom of each triangular support 24 and fixed to the column supports 22 on both sides.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the wind environment monitoring and control module 3 includes a wind speed sensor 31, a wind direction sensor 32, and a control unit 33. Wind speed sensors 31 and wind direction sensors 32 are installed at the upper end of each column support 22 and at the mid-span of two column supports 22. The collected wind direction and wind speed data are output to the control unit 33. The control unit 33 combines a real-time algorithm to calculate the tension adjustment strategy of the fiber bundle and sends the control signal to the hydraulic drive module 4 to tension the fiber bundle.

[0047] Among them, the wind speed sensor and wind direction sensor located on the column support 22 monitor and control the wind speed and wind direction of the two photovoltaic units on the left and right sides, and the monitor located in the middle of the span monitors and controls the photovoltaic unit in the middle of the span, thereby realizing zoned control.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the hydraulic drive module 4 includes: a steel shell 41, a water tank 42, a hydraulic rod telescopic mechanism 44, and a rotating bracket 45; the top of the piston rod 441 of the hydraulic rod telescopic mechanism 44 is provided with a fiber bundle connection and fixing hole 43; the top of the steel shell 41 is provided with a fiber bundle hole 411, and the fiber bundle 13 extends into the fiber bundle hole 411 and is fixed on the fiber bundle connection and fixing hole 43; when a cable force adjustment signal is received, the piston rod 441 moves up and down to achieve axial tension of the fiber bundle 13; when encountering a strong wind environment, the hydraulic drive module 4 will tighten the fiber bundle to enhance the wind resistance stability of the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, the steel outer casing 41 is fixed to the rotating bracket 45, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the turntable 451 at the bottom of the rotating bracket 45 can swing left and right in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the hydraulic rod telescopic mechanism 44 to rotate, tensioning the fiber bundle 13 in the horizontal direction, realizing multi-directional control of the cable force of the fiber bundle 13, and improving the stability of the structure.

[0050] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable force adjustment, characterized in that, include: Multiple biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panels (1) and a support structure (2) is set on both sides of the double-sided photovoltaic system to support the multiple biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panels (1); a wind environment monitoring and control module (3) and a hydraulic drive module (4) are set on the side of the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel (1). The wind environment monitoring and control module (3) calculates and controls the hydraulic drive module (4) to adjust the tension of the fiber bundle (13) in the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel (1) by detecting wind speed and wind direction. The biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel (1) includes, from top to bottom: an upper main photovoltaic panel (11), a hydrogel bonding layer (12), and a lower biomimetic leaf vein hole photovoltaic panel (14); fiber bundles (13) are evenly distributed in the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel (1) and are wrapped by the hydrogel bonding layer (12). The upper main photovoltaic panel (11) has tempered glass on both sides and a photovoltaic cell encapsulated in the middle, which is used to directly receive solar energy and convert it into electrical energy; the lower biomimetic leaf vein hole photovoltaic panel (14) has tempered glass on both sides and a perforated irregular photovoltaic cell encapsulated in the middle, which is used to receive reflected light from the environment and convert it into electrical energy. The hydrogel bonding layer (12) material is PAAK cross-linked sodium polyacrylate, which can absorb the heat of the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel (1), convert liquid water into water vapor through phase change, and dissipate heat through the latent heat of the biomimetic leaf vein holes (141) preset in the lower biomimetic leaf vein hole perforated photovoltaic panel (14). The fiber bundle (13) extends out of the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel (1) and then converges and extends into the composite fiber sleeve (131). The end of the fiber bundle (13) extends into the water tank (42) inside the hydraulic drive module (4). The fiber bundle (13) draws water from the water tank (42) through capillary action and transports it to the upper hydrogel bonding layer (12) for evaporative heat dissipation. The wind environment monitoring and control module (3) includes a wind speed sensor (31), a wind direction sensor (32), and a control unit (33). The control unit (33) is installed on each hydraulic drive module. The wind direction and wind speed data collected by the wind speed sensor (31) and the wind direction sensor (32) are output to the control unit (33). The control unit (33) combines a real-time algorithm to calculate and send a control signal to the hydraulic drive module (4) to tension the fiber bundle.

2. The flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable force adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber bundle (13) is composed of bamboo fiber and basalt fiber.

3. The flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable force adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting structure (2) includes a transverse connecting cable (21) and a column bracket (22) set on both sides of the double-sided photovoltaic system. The transverse connecting cable (21) is connected to the biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panel (1) and fixed to the upper end of the column bracket (22). The column bracket (22) is fixed to the ground.

4. The flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable force adjustment according to claim 3, characterized in that, Five biomimetic evaporative heat dissipation double-sided photovoltaic panels (1) constitute a photovoltaic unit. A triangular support (24) is set between two adjacent photovoltaic units. Three photovoltaic units are set between two column supports (22). A horizontal load-bearing cable (23) is set at the bottom of each triangular support (24). The horizontal load-bearing cable (23) is connected to the bottom of the triangular support (24) and fixed to the column supports (22) on both sides.

5. The flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable force adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic drive module (4) includes: a steel housing (41) and a hydraulic rod telescopic mechanism (44); the top of the piston rod (441) of the hydraulic rod telescopic mechanism (44) is provided with a fiber bundle connection fixing hole (43); the top of the steel housing (41) is provided with a fiber bundle hole (411), and the fiber bundle (13) extends into the fiber bundle hole (411) and is fixed on the fiber bundle connection fixing hole (43); when a cable force adjustment signal is received, the piston rod (441) extends and retracts to realize the axial tension of the fiber bundle (13).

6. The flexible bifacial photovoltaic system based on biomimetic evaporative cooling and dynamic cable force adjustment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hydraulic drive module (4) also includes a rotating bracket (45), with a steel shell (41) fixed on the rotating bracket (45). The turntable (451) at the bottom of the rotating bracket (45) can swing and rotate in the horizontal direction to achieve horizontal tensioning of the fiber bundle.

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