Coal mine dynamic disaster prediction method and system based on coal rock mass fracture evolution process

Abstract

The application discloses a coal mine dynamic disaster prediction method and system based on a coal rock mass fracture evolution process, relates to the technical field of coal rock dynamic disaster monitoring, and comprises the following steps: obtaining microseismic data of multiple monitoring positions on a coal rock mass to be monitored and preprocessing the microseismic data to obtain the microseismic data after preprocessing; determining source positions and source energies corresponding to multiple source events based on the microseismic data after preprocessing; drawing a fracture and fault distribution map of the coal rock mass to be monitored based on the source positions and source energies corresponding to the multiple source events; identifying regional geological features based on the fracture and fault distribution map; predicting a dangerous region of the coal rock mass to be monitored based on the regional geological features; and predicting a dynamic disaster of the coal rock mass to be monitored based on a change frequency of a crack structure line in the dangerous region. The application alleviates the problems of discontinuity, limited monitoring range, low regional monitoring accuracy and the like of a traditional coal rock dynamic disaster monitoring method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal rock dynamic disaster monitoring, and in particular to a method and system for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock mass fissures. Background Art

[0002] As mining depth continues to increase, the reorganization of ground stress and the formation of high stress concentration states make mining operations more complicated. Rock bursts, coal and gas outbursts, and other coal-rock dynamic disasters occur more frequently and become more destructive, posing a serious threat to coal mine safety production.

[0003] Before a coal-rock dynamic disaster occurs, numerous microcracks are generated during the coal-rock mass destruction process, releasing energy. Characterizing these cracks and monitoring the released energy can help provide early warning of coal-rock dynamic disasters. Traditional coal-rock dynamic disaster monitoring methods suffer from discontinuity, limited monitoring range, and low regional monitoring accuracy, making them inadequate for high-level coal mine safety production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock mass cracks. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] On the one hand, a method for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock fractures is provided, the method comprising: obtaining microseismic data from multiple monitoring positions on the coal rock to be monitored and preprocessing the data to obtain preprocessed microseismic data; determining the source positions and source energies corresponding to multiple seismic events based on the preprocessed microseismic data; drawing a distribution map of fractures and faults of the coal rock to be monitored based on the source positions and source energies corresponding to the multiple seismic events; identifying regional geological characteristics based on the fracture and fault distribution map; the regional geological characteristics include the strike information and fault information of the fracture structural line; predicting the dangerous area of ​​the coal rock to be monitored based on the regional geological characteristics; and predicting the dynamic disasters of the coal rock to be monitored based on the change frequency of the fracture structural line in the dangerous area.

[0006] Optionally, microseismic data from multiple monitoring positions on the coal and rock mass to be monitored are obtained and preprocessed to obtain microseismic data after preprocessing, including: setting microseismic sensors at multiple monitoring positions on the coal and rock mass to be monitored, and obtaining microseismic data from the multiple monitoring positions based on the microseismic sensors; the microseismic data include microseismic energy and microseismic frequency; and denoising and filtering the microseismic data to obtain microseismic data after preprocessing.

[0007] Optionally, based on the source positions and source energies corresponding to the multiple seismic events, a distribution map of fractures and faults of the coal and rock mass to be monitored is drawn, including: sorting the multiple seismic events according to time, and drawing corresponding position coordinates at the source positions corresponding to the seismic events; drawing the position coordinates corresponding to the multiple seismic events into fracture structural lines in chronological order; identifying unidirectional event fractures and multidirectional event fractures based on the direction of the fracture structural lines; and drawing a distribution map of fractures and faults of the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the unidirectional event fractures and the multidirectional event fractures.

[0008] Optionally, based on the direction of the crack construction line, unidirectional event cracks and multidirectional event cracks are identified, including: identifying cracks whose deviation angle of the direction of the crack construction line is less than a preset angle threshold as unidirectional event cracks; identifying cracks whose deviation angle of the direction of the crack construction line is greater than or equal to a preset angle threshold as unidirectional event cracks.

[0009] Optionally, identifying regional geological features based on the fracture and fault distribution map includes: identifying regional geological features based on the geometry, structure and direction of fractures in the fracture and fault distribution map.

[0010] Optionally, based on the regional geological characteristics, predicting the dangerous area of ​​the coal rock mass to be monitored includes: determining the target area where the intersection of multiple fracture structural lines is located as the dangerous area of ​​the coal rock mass to be monitored.

[0011] Optionally, based on the frequency of changes in the fracture structural lines in the dangerous area, the dynamic disasters of the coal rock mass to be monitored are predicted, including: judging whether the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines in the dangerous area exceeds a preset disaster threshold; if so, issuing an alarm message to the coal rock mass to be monitored; wherein the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines is the decrease value of the number of the fracture structural lines within a preset time window.

[0012] On the other hand, a coal mine dynamic disaster prediction system based on the evolution process of coal rock fractures is also provided, including: an acquisition module, a determination module, a drawing module, an identification module, a first prediction module and a second prediction module; wherein the acquisition module is used to acquire microseismic data of multiple monitoring positions on the coal rock to be monitored and preprocess them to obtain the preprocessed microseismic data; the determination module is used to determine the source positions and source energies corresponding to multiple seismic events based on the preprocessed microseismic data; the drawing module is used to draw a fracture and fault distribution map of the coal rock to be monitored based on the source positions and source energies corresponding to the multiple seismic events; the identification module is used to identify regional geological characteristics based on the fracture and fault distribution map; the regional geological characteristics include the strike information and fault information of the fracture structural line; the first prediction module is used to predict the dangerous area of ​​the coal rock to be monitored based on the regional geological characteristics; the second prediction module is used to predict the dynamic disaster of the coal rock to be monitored based on the change frequency of the fracture structural line in the dangerous area.

[0013] On the other hand, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention when executing the computer program.

[0014] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a program code is stored. The program code can be called by a processor to execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock fractures. By processing the microseismic data obtained by microseismic sensors on the coal rock mass, accurate identification of new geological faults in the coal rock mass and real-time prediction of coal mine dynamic disasters can be achieved, alleviating the problems of traditional coal rock dynamic disaster monitoring methods such as discontinuity, limited monitoring range, and low regional monitoring accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock mass fissures provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of another method for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock mass fissures provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A crack and fault distribution map drawn according to the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a dangerous area marking schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a coal mine dynamic disaster prediction system based on the coal rock mass fissure evolution process provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as an "exemplary" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "and / or" can mean both or either of the two.

[0024] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Microseismic events during coal mining are caused by excavation activities altering the in-situ state of the rock mass, leading to deformation and cracking. Therefore, understanding the nature of these fracture events is crucial for assessing and predicting dynamic hazards in underground coal mines. Working within a real-time mining environment, induced microseismic events can be used to map individual fractures. Using microseismic events to map individual fractures and interpret geological contours has not been previously explored.

[0026] The initiation / formation of new fractures depends on previously formed fractures and provides valuable information for ongoing fracture mapping. Fractures are typically represented by connecting two or more events propagating in the same direction. In geological settings, rock masses deform through multiple geological events, creating dense fracture networks composed of individual fractures. Similarly, contour lines are surface-exposed linear features in the terrain that represent subsurface fractures, joints, or faults. They are often used in geology to analyze remotely sensed fractures or faults. Contour lines are typically interpreted manually or with the aid of computer-assisted programs. While commonly observable in surface geology, they are neither readily observable nor applicable in the subsurface. Therefore, understanding the distribution and density of fractures and contour lines can provide guidance on the stress distribution, deformation, and intensity of mining-induced microseismic activity in active working faces and the surrounding rock mass.

[0027] During the static cracking process, energy will not be released, but in the dynamic process of rapid crack expansion, a large amount of energy will be released, causing great harm to engineering operations. Before a strong disaster occurs, many low-energy and medium-energy events will be recorded, resulting in local small-intensity rockbursts. The energy and frequency of microseismic events can better reflect the stress concentration of coal and rock masses along a straight line. The rock and coal masses accumulate stress to varying degrees and release it in a timely manner. This induced vibration behavior may eventually lead to huge coal and rock dynamic disasters. Therefore, analyzing the evolution characteristics of microseismic energy during excavation is of great significance for establishing an early warning system to reduce dynamic disasters during mining. Compared with other numerical methods, the non-invasive geophysical fracture mapping method provided by the present invention has been proven to be a universal and cost-effective method for imaging the real underground geological conditions of mining areas.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock mass fissures according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S102 : acquiring microseismic data of a plurality of monitoring positions on the coal and rock mass to be monitored and performing preprocessing to obtain preprocessed microseismic data.

[0030] Step S104: determining the source positions and source energies corresponding to the multiple source events based on the pre-processed microseismic data.

[0031] Step S106: based on the source positions and source energies corresponding to the multiple earthquake source events, a distribution map of cracks and faults in the coal and rock mass to be monitored is drawn.

[0032] Step S108: Identify regional geological features based on the fracture and fault distribution map; regional geological features include strike information of fracture structural lines and fault information.

[0033] Step S110: predicting the dangerous area of ​​the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on regional geological characteristics.

[0034] Step S112: predicting the dynamic hazards of the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the frequency of changes in the fracture structural lines in the dangerous area.

[0035] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of another method for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock mass fissures according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, step S102 further includes the following steps:

[0036] Step S1021 : setting microseismic sensors at multiple monitoring locations on the coal and rock mass to be monitored, and acquiring microseismic data of the multiple monitoring locations based on the microseismic sensors; the microseismic data includes microseismic energy and microseismic frequency.

[0037] Step S1022 , performing denoising and filtering processing on the microseismic data to obtain pre-processed microseismic data.

[0038] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, step S106 also includes the following steps:

[0039] Step S1061: sort multiple earthquake source events according to time, and draw corresponding position coordinates at the earthquake source positions corresponding to the earthquake source events.

[0040] Step S1062: The position coordinates corresponding to the multiple earthquake source events are plotted into fracture structure lines in chronological order; specifically, earthquake source events located in similar directions are connected to each other through broken lines, and each broken line represents a fracture structure line.

[0041] Step S1063: Identify unidirectional event fractures and multidirectional event fractures based on the direction of the fracture structural line.

[0042] Specifically, a crack whose orientation deviation angle is less than a preset angle threshold is identified as a unidirectional event crack; a crack whose orientation deviation angle is greater than or equal to a preset angle threshold is identified as a unidirectional event crack. For example, the preset angle threshold is set to 5 degrees.

[0043] Step S1064: Based on the unidirectional event fractures and multidirectional event fractures, a fracture and fault distribution map of the coal rock mass to be monitored is drawn. A fracture and fault distribution map drawn according to the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0044] Specifically, step S108 also includes identifying regional geological features based on the geometry, structure, and direction of the fractures in the fracture and fault distribution map. When several fractures extend in the same direction, they form a line. When several lines extend in the same direction for a long period of time, they form a geological fault. The complete geological structure is gradually mapped, thereby identifying the geological structure and regional geological features.

[0045] Specifically, linear structures refer to features on the earth's surface that are straight or curved, and generally reflect underground structural control factors, such as geological faults, fracture zones, or lithologic boundaries. In the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, cracks with an azimuth deviation within the range of about 8-10° are considered to be cracks in the same direction. When the length of a crack or a group of cracks reaches 2-3 times the average crack length in the area and presents a consistent direction, it can be regarded as a linear structure. The more events clustered in the same direction → the higher the crack density → the more obvious the linear structural features.

[0046] Specifically, step S110 further includes: determining the target area where the intersection of multiple fracture structural lines is located as a dangerous area of ​​the coal rock mass to be monitored.

[0047] In this embodiment of the present invention, when multiple structural lines representing fracture paths intersect at the same point, that intersection becomes a high-risk area. The most dangerous area is not the entire extent of the linear structure outline, but rather the area within a specific distance around the intersection. This is because stress tends to concentrate at such intersections, making them more likely to cause accidents such as rock bursts or collapses.

[0048] In some optional implementations provided by the present invention, the danger zone is typically distributed within a radius of 5 to 30 meters from the intersection. The specific range may vary depending on geological conditions and microseismic activity density, but this radius provides a practical and safety-focused criterion for identifying danger zones underground.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a dangerous area marking schematic diagram provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the red box area is the intersection of the structural lines of multiple cracks and is identified as a dangerous area.

[0050] Specifically, step S112 also includes: determining whether the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines in the dangerous area exceeds a preset disaster threshold; if so, issuing an alarm message to the monitored coal and rock mass; wherein the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines is the decrease value of the number of fracture structural lines within a preset time window.

[0051] To improve rockburst prediction accuracy, the present invention focuses on monitoring microseismic energy release patterns in high-risk areas and analyzing how structural lineaments change over time. Observations have shown that before a dynamic disaster like a rockburst occurs, the number of structural lineaments (fracture orientations) identified within the monitored area typically decreases significantly. In this embodiment, the frequency of linear structure reduction is defined as the decrease in the number of structural lineaments detected within a preset time window. For example, within one hour before a rockburst, the number of linear structures dropped from 12 to 3, a 75% decrease.

[0052] Based on multiple case studies, a reduction of more than 50% in the number of structural lineaments within 30 to 60 minutes is considered a pre-determined hazard threshold. This sudden decrease may indicate that the rock mass has entered a locked or stress-accumulating state, leading to energy accumulation and eventual instability. Monitoring is achieved through the continuous interpretation of microseismic event clusters. The frequency of updating the linear structural map depends on the speed of excavation, typically every 10-30 minutes or once an hour.

[0053] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock fractures. By processing the microseismic data obtained by microseismic sensors on the coal rock mass, accurate identification of new geological faults in the coal rock mass and real-time prediction of coal mine dynamic disasters can be achieved, alleviating the technical problem of poor monitoring effect in the existing technology.

[0054] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal mine dynamic disaster prediction system based on the evolution process of coal rock mass fissures according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the system includes: an acquisition module 10 , a determination module 20 , a drawing module 30 , a recognition module 40 , a first prediction module 50 and a second prediction module 60 .

[0055] Specifically, the acquisition module 10 is used to acquire microseismic data of multiple monitoring positions on the coal and rock mass to be monitored and perform preprocessing to obtain preprocessed microseismic data.

[0056] Specifically, the acquisition module 10 is also used to set microseismic sensors at multiple monitoring locations on the coal and rock mass to be monitored, and obtain microseismic data of multiple monitoring locations based on the microseismic sensors; the microseismic data includes microseismic energy and microseismic frequency; the microseismic data is denoised and filtered to obtain pre-processed microseismic data.

[0057] The determination module 20 is configured to determine the source locations and source energies corresponding to a plurality of source events based on the pre-processed microseismic data.

[0058] The drawing module 30 is used to draw a distribution map of cracks and faults in the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the source positions and source energies corresponding to multiple seismic events.

[0059] Specifically, the drawing module 30 is also used to sort multiple seismic source events according to time, and draw corresponding position coordinates at the source positions corresponding to the seismic source events; draw the position coordinates corresponding to multiple seismic source events into fracture structure lines in chronological order; identify unidirectional event fractures and multidirectional event fractures based on the direction of the fracture structure lines; and draw a fracture and fault distribution map of the coal rock mass to be monitored based on the unidirectional event fractures and multidirectional event fractures.

[0060] The identification module 40 is used to identify regional geological features based on the fracture and fault distribution map; the regional geological features include the strike information of the fracture structural line and the fault information.

[0061] Specifically, the identification module 40 is further configured to identify regional geological features based on the geometry, structure and direction of the fractures in the fracture and fault distribution map.

[0062] The first prediction module 50 is used to predict the dangerous area of ​​the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on regional geological characteristics. Specifically, it is used to determine the target area where the intersection of multiple fracture structural lines is located as the dangerous area of ​​the coal and rock mass to be monitored.

[0063] The second prediction module 60 is used to predict the dynamic disasters of the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the frequency of changes in the fracture structure line in the dangerous area.

[0064] Specifically, the second prediction module 60 is also used to determine whether the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines in the dangerous area exceeds the preset disaster threshold; if so, an alarm message is issued to the monitored coal rock mass; wherein, the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines is the decrease value of the number of fracture structural lines within the preset time window.

[0065] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention when executing the computer program.

[0066] The present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which program code is stored. The program code can be called by a processor to execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] It should be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0068] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part via software, hardware (e.g., circuits), firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention are fully or partially performed. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired means (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains a collection of one or more available media. The available medium can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media. The semiconductor media can be a solid-state drive.

[0069] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0070] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described equipment, devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0072] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, another division mode can be used. For example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be omitted or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0073] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0074] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit can be a physically independent unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0075] If the functions are realized in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the part of the technical solutions that essentially contribute to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0076] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for predicting coal mine dynamic disasters based on the evolution process of coal rock mass fissures, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquiring microseismic data from multiple monitoring locations on the coal and rock mass to be monitored and preprocessing the data to obtain preprocessed microseismic data; Determining the source locations and source energies corresponding to a plurality of seismic source events based on the pre-processed microseismic data; Drawing a distribution map of cracks and faults in the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the source positions and source energies corresponding to the multiple seismic events; Based on the fracture and fault distribution map, identifying regional geological features; the regional geological features include the strike information of fracture structural lines and fault information; Based on the regional geological characteristics, predict the dangerous area of ​​the coal and rock mass to be monitored; Predicting the dynamic hazards of the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the frequency of changes in the fracture structural lines in the dangerous area; Drawing a distribution map of cracks and faults in the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the source positions and source energies corresponding to the multiple seismic events, including: Sorting the multiple earthquake source events according to time, and drawing corresponding position coordinates at the earthquake source positions corresponding to the earthquake source events; Plotting the position coordinates corresponding to the multiple earthquake source events into fracture structural lines in chronological order; Based on the direction of the fracture structural line, identifying unidirectional event fractures and multidirectional event fractures; Based on the unidirectional event fractures and the multidirectional event fractures, a fracture and fault distribution map of the coal rock mass to be monitored is drawn; Based on the regional geological characteristics, predicting the dangerous area of ​​the coal and rock mass to be monitored includes: determining the target area where the intersection of multiple fracture structural lines is located as the dangerous area of ​​the coal and rock mass to be monitored; Based on the frequency of changes in the fracture structure line in the dangerous area, the dynamic disaster of the coal rock mass to be monitored is predicted, including: Determine whether the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines in the dangerous area exceeds a preset disaster threshold; if so, issue an alarm message to the coal rock mass to be monitored; wherein the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines is the decrease value of the number of the fracture structural lines within a preset time window.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Acquire microseismic data from multiple monitoring locations on the coal and rock mass to be monitored and preprocess them to obtain preprocessed microseismic data, including: Setting microseismic sensors at multiple monitoring locations on the coal and rock mass to be monitored, and acquiring microseismic data at the multiple monitoring locations based on the microseismic sensors; the microseismic data includes microseismic energy and microseismic frequency; De-noising and filtering are performed on the microseismic data to obtain pre-processed microseismic data.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the direction of the fracture structural line, identifying unidirectional event fractures and multidirectional event fractures includes: Identify a crack whose deviation angle of the direction of the crack structural line is less than a preset angle threshold as a unidirectional event crack; A crack whose deviation angle of the strike of the crack structural line is greater than or equal to a preset angle threshold is identified as a multi-directional event crack.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Identifying regional geological features based on the fracture and fault distribution map includes: identifying regional geological features based on the geometric shape, structure and direction of fractures in the fracture and fault distribution map.

5. A coal mine dynamic disaster prediction system based on the evolution process of coal rock cracks, characterized in that: include: an acquisition module, a determination module, a drawing module, an identification module, a first prediction module, and a second prediction module; wherein, The acquisition module is used to acquire microseismic data from multiple monitoring locations on the coal and rock mass to be monitored and perform preprocessing to obtain preprocessed microseismic data; The determination module is configured to determine the source locations and source energies corresponding to a plurality of seismic source events based on the pre-processed microseismic data; The drawing module is configured to draw a distribution map of cracks and faults in the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the source positions and source energies corresponding to the multiple seismic source events; The identification module is used to identify regional geological features based on the fracture and fault distribution map; the regional geological features include the strike information of the fracture structural line and the fault information; The first prediction module is used to predict the dangerous area of ​​the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the regional geological characteristics; The second prediction module is used to predict the dynamic disaster of the coal rock mass to be monitored based on the change frequency of the fracture structure line in the dangerous area; The drawing module is further configured to sort the multiple seismic source events by time and draw corresponding position coordinates at the seismic source positions corresponding to the seismic source events; draw the position coordinates corresponding to the multiple seismic source events into fracture structural lines in chronological order; identify unidirectional event fractures and multidirectional event fractures based on the direction of the fracture structural lines; and draw a fracture and fault distribution map of the coal and rock mass to be monitored based on the unidirectional event fractures and the multidirectional event fractures; The first prediction module is further configured to determine a target area where the intersection of multiple fracture structural lines is located as a dangerous area of ​​the coal and rock mass to be monitored; The second prediction module is also used to determine whether the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines in the dangerous area exceeds a preset disaster threshold; if so, an alarm message is issued to the coal rock mass to be monitored; wherein the reduction frequency of the fracture structural lines is the decrease value of the number of the fracture structural lines within a preset time window.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores program code, which can be called by a processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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