Sleeve crown, dental prosthesis having such sleeve crown, and method for producing prosthetic prosthesis having dental prosthesis

Abstract

A telescopic crown (30) for attaching a removable dental restoration (2) to a tooth (6) in the oral cavity of a patient or an inserted dental implant, having a male element (14, 14 ', 14' ') attachable to the tooth (6) or to the dental implant, the male element being attachable to the tooth (6) or to the dental implant with a female element (18), the female element can be inserted onto the male element and can be attached to a dental restoration (2), with the aim of making it possible to provide a dental restoration with a particularly high fitting accuracy with a relatively small effort. To this end, the female element (18) is designed as a plurality of parts according to the invention and comprises an inner cap (32) that can be slid onto the male element (14, 14 ', 14' ') and an outer cap (34) that can be attached to the dental restoration (2), an intermediate body (36) made of a thermoplastic material connecting the inner cap (32) and the outer cap (34) being arranged in the space between the inner cap (32) and the outer cap (34).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a telescopic crown for attaching a removable dental restoration to a tooth or an inserted dental implant in a patient's mouth, the telescopic crown having a male element that can be attached to the tooth or dental implant, and a female element that can be attached to the dental restoration and can be slid onto the male element. The invention also relates to a telescopic restoration, in particular for use as a dental restoration for replacing missing teeth, having a plurality of female elements of such a telescopic crown, and a method for producing a restorative prosthesis having a dental restoration. Background Art

[0002] If teeth are missing, the goal is usually to replace them or at least close the gap left by the missing teeth. This can be accomplished, for example, using a so-called bridge. In this case, the teeth adjacent to the gap are milled, and crowns are fabricated to replace the missing teeth with corresponding bridge units. The bridge is mechanically anchored to the milled teeth. Pendants can also be attached to the bridge to address free-end cases. Such cases can also be treated with removable clasp dentures, which are usually supported by the natural teeth.

[0003] In addition to bridges, lost teeth can also be replaced with endosseous implants. In this case, a threaded post often serves as an artificial tooth root to which the restoration can be anchored. This anchoring can also be fixed (threaded, glued, or bonded) or removable. In the case of removable anchoring solutions, the adhesion that holds the restoration in place is usually based on a negative pressure effect, friction, and / or retention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Once a patient has too few teeth remaining in their mouth, other solutions are often used. One option is to remove the entire remaining dentition and use a mucosa-supported restoration. These are inexpensive but offer poor chewing comfort for the patient and are often accompanied by bone loss in both the upper and lower jaws.

[0005] The remaining dentition and / or endosseous implants are often used as abutments for removable restorations. A wide range of possible solutions exists. Clasp restorations, electroforming techniques on implants or implant stems, tapered clasp systems, ball-tipped anchors, silicone-metal female-male systems, and other systems can be used.

[0006] In particular, so-called telescopic systems can be used, in which the dental restoration is removably attached to a so-called telescopic crown. These telescopic crowns are double crowns, in which the "lower" or base crown, also called the "main crown", in particular the male or male element, is securely attached to a suitably prepared (e.g. ground) tooth or inserted dental implant in the manner of a conventional crown. On its upper side, the male element forms a contact pin, to which the "upper" crown segment or female or female element (also called the "secondary crown") can be detachably or removably attached, for example snapped or clamped onto the contact pin. The crown segments thus form a type of female / male system. The upper crown segment forming the female body then serves as a support for the restoration, whereby the removable connection of the crown segments to each other makes the restoration removable as a whole. Typically parallel or tapered sleeves are used, which can be cast, milled or designed as a gold-plated restoration.

[0007] In the manufacture of all of these systems, the patient's oral conditions are typically recorded in a first step, for example by taking an impression with a suitable impression material. This oral condition is then typically transferred to a physical model, such as a plaster or virtual model. Using this model, dental technicians can then manufacture restorations tailored to the situation and requirements, so that they will later fit as accurately as possible in the patient's mouth. The accuracy of the fit is a very important factor here, as high precision is a prerequisite for, for example, a tight fit of the restoration in the patient's mouth. Furthermore, a high level of fit naturally also requires a high level of wearing comfort for the patient, so that they can feel the restoration as comfortable as possible. The more accurately the restoration is manufactured, the tighter the fit in the patient's mouth, which in turn leads to a very high level of wearing and chewing comfort. Conversely, the more flexible the removable fixings, the softer the fit in the patient's mouth. Although this simplifies the manufacture of the restoration and reduces manufacturing costs, when weighing these aspects, a particularly high level of fit accuracy is usually preferred.

[0008] One problem that has arisen in this context is that the transfer of the described patient situation to a physical or virtual model may lead to significant undesirable fit inaccuracies.

[0009] In contrast, to provide a very precisely fitting female-male system, the female body anchored in the restoration can be glued or bonded in the patient's mouth to avoid inaccuracies in the fit. However, this involves increased effort and correspondingly higher costs.

[0010] Furthermore, all of these systems are subject to wear and tear due to repeated removal and insertion in the patient's mouth, which also varies depending on the system. This should be kept to a minimum when designing new concepts.

[0011] Another task of removable restorations is that the adhesion should be reproducible and give the patient the feeling that they have fixed teeth, although when they are removed the denture should not get stuck. This means that the bond strength should not be too high and should not, or should hardly, depend on the chewing forces previously applied.

[0012] Currently, female / male systems based on a gold electroformed female body on a ceramic female body are the most popular and optimal variants in terms of comfort and balance between adhesion or adhesion and wear in the areas of telescopic systems of this type. They achieve the highest fit precision within the female / male system, thus also providing the best suction or negative pressure effect in terms of adhesion, and due to the high-precision fit, have very low wear. Since the system is generally tapered in the male-female connection area and rests in the engaged position, there is no tapered self-locking in the system, which also prevents tilting during removal. The only drawbacks of these systems are their very complex manufacturing and very high price.

[0013] The reasons for the high cost are as follows. The dentist gives an impression of the patient's condition. The dental technician creates a model of the patient. A male body is purchased or obtained, partially prefabricated on the implant and on the natural tooth using a CAD-Cam program (or earlier casting). A partially prefabricated female body is then manufactured or purchased on the implant. A metal framework is then manufactured. This integrated piece is then sent to the dentist. The dentist fixes (screws, glue or adhesive) the male element to the tooth or implant. He then bonds or glues the female element into the framework. There is a risk that the female-male system will stick in the patient's mouth, which can lead to time-consuming removal. The integrated piece is then sent back to the dental technician so that he can create the finished restoration on the framework. Only then is the restoration complete and can it finally fit in the patient's mouth. However, the advantage is that by transferring the typically four female / male systems from the patient to the model, their fitting inaccuracies can be minimized as much as possible.

[0014] Currently, attempts are underway to replace the gold-plated cathode with a plastic cathode that is typically milled or 3D printed. Typically, plastics such as PTFE, PEEK, PPS, and similar plastics are used.

[0015] The present invention is based on the object of disclosing a telescopic crown of the aforementioned type, which avoids the described disadvantages and allows providing a dental restoration with a particularly high fit accuracy with relatively little effort. Furthermore, the invention discloses a telescopic restoration particularly suitable for a particularly high fit accuracy and a method for producing a restorative prosthesis having a dental restoration.

[0016] According to the invention, this problem is solved by means of a telescopic crown of the type described above, wherein the female element is made of multiple parts and comprises an inner cap which can be slid onto the male element and an outer cap which can be attached to the dental restoration, an intermediate body made of thermoplastic material connecting the inner and outer caps being arranged in the space between the inner and outer caps.

[0017] The present invention is based on the idea that a highly precise fit of the restoration in the patient's mouth can be achieved by using components that are only relatively roughly adapted to the patient's oral conditions during the preparation phase. Final adaptation and fine-tuning should therefore occur only during insertion into the patient's mouth and in response to restoring forces, etc., generated during this process. To make this possible, one of the components, either the female or male body, should be designed so that final positioning and alignment occur only during insertion. To this end, the male or, preferably, the female part should be designed in multiple parts so that the first part (in this case, the outer cap of the female part) can be securely attached to the denture during preparation. Alignment of the inner cap relative to the outer cap, and thus final positioning, should occur during insertion in response to forces occurring in the oral cavity. To this end, the inner cap of the female part should be connected to its outer cap via an intermediate body that, according to the present invention, gradually solidifies from an initially deformable state during or immediately after insertion. Solidification should occur during insertion so that the effects of the oral environment can be absorbed and the components can automatically align themselves in an optimized manner in response to the oral conditions. Subsequently, after solidification, the optimized alignment of the components should be properly secured.

[0018] For example, the inner cap can be connected to the outer cap by means of a glue or adhesive connection, in which case the glue or adhesive has a sufficient volume and, as long as the glue or adhesive is in the solidified phase, provides sufficient channels to optimize the positioning and alignment of the components. However, according to one aspect of the invention, the intermediate body provided for this purpose is made of a thermoplastic material. During the bonding, the intermediate body can be suitably heated beforehand so that a certain softening and therefore deformability occurs. Insertion can then be carried out in this state so that the inner cap and the outer cap are properly aligned with each other according to the fine details of the oral situation. On cooling, the intermediate body then solidifies again while maintaining this geometry so that the positioning optimization required for proper fixation is achieved.

[0019] The telescopic system according to the invention particularly and preferably has one or more of the following aspects:

[0020] -This is a yin-yang system.

[0021] -The male body is formed by an abutment, the part of the one-piece implant that carries the restoration, or by a cap fixed to the natural tooth.

[0022] - The female part is formed by a cap placed on the male part.

[0023] If the male body is designed as an abutment or as part of a supporting restoration, it advantageously has a diameter or, in the case of a non-circular design, a cross section of 2 mm to 8 mm, preferably 2 mm to 6 mm and particularly preferably 3 mm to 5 mm.

[0024] The male part advantageously has a height of 2 mm to 8 mm, preferably 2-6 mm and particularly preferably 3 mm-5 mm.

[0025] If the male body is designed as a cap on a natural tooth, the prepared tooth determines the cross section and the functional height. The preparation angle is advantageously 1° to 6°, particularly preferably 2° to 4°.

[0026] If the male body is designed as an abutment or part of a supporting restoration, the cap can also be fixed there. The cap is either snap-on or, in the case of an abutment, is designed with an opening for access to the abutment screw.

[0027] The caps of the male body are preferably glued / bonded (adhesively attached). However, they can also be screwed on. Alternatively, adhesion / fixing can also be achieved by a conical self-locking mechanism.

[0028] -The male body is designed as a cap, an abutment or as part of a supporting restoration on a natural tooth and is preferably made of titanium or a titanium alloy, zirconium or a zirconium alloy, tantalum or a tantalum alloy, a non-precious metal or a ceramic based on zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and / or aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and / or a silicate ceramic or a metal alloy or a ceramic mixture.

[0029] - Adhesion / adhesion between male and female parts via suction effect based on conical design (angle bisector = 2°-10°; 2°-8°; 4°-6°).

[0030] - Adhesion / adhesion between the male and female parts based on a conical design (2°-10°; 2°-8°; 4°-6°), which is additionally maintained via a suction effect and by means of at least one circular undercut.

[0031] - An undercut is cut into the cone of the upper structural part as a circumferential bead, and preferably as a circumferential groove.

[0032] - The undercut is located in the conical region. Preferably, it is located in the top half, top third or top quarter of the conical portion.

[0033] - The adhesion / adhesion force can, but need not, be additionally supported by a tapered self-locking device.

[0034] The abutment is preferably made of titanium or a titanium alloy, zirconium or a zirconium alloy, tantalum or a tantalum alloy, a non-precious metal or a ceramic based on zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and / or aluminum oxide (Al2O3).

[0035] According to aspects that are considered to be independent inventions, the male part and / or in particular the female part is therefore designed as a multi-part system, which, viewed in longitudinal section, can be understood as a multi-layer system, preferably a two-layer or three-layer system. In the embodiment designed as a two-layer system or a two-part system, this preferably consists of an outer cap made of a metal base material or preferably of plastic and particularly preferably of a biocompatible high-performance plastic and a thermoplastic intermediate body facing the male part. Preferably, both plastics are autoclavable, i.e. temperature-resistant up to at least 135° C. Preferably, the plastic facing the male body is designed according to the choice of its material for

[0036] -Low water absorption;

[0037] - High mechanical strength;

[0038] -High wear resistance.

[0039] The plastic facing away from the male portion and forming the outer cap may be softer than the thermoplastic facing the male portion.

[0040] In one embodiment as a three-layer or three-component system, the female element is designed according to one aspect of the present invention:

[0041] - Similar to the double layer system with the additional inner cap facing the male part;

[0042] -The inner cap facing the restoration can be easily glued / bonded to it and is mechanically stronger than the other two resins;

[0043] -Good mechanical bonding with the plastic facing the male part;

[0044] -Preferably made of titanium, zirconium, tantalum, alloys of at least one metal.

[0045] During the final alignment, i.e. during the curing of the thermoplastic intermediate, the inner cap of the mould element should be able to tilt or shift appropriately relative to the outer cap. Advantageously and according to one aspect of the invention, the inner cap is made of plastic, preferably of high-performance plastic. According to one aspect of the invention, the softening temperature of this plastic should be significantly higher than that of the thermoplastic intermediate, preferably 20%, 25% or even 50% higher. In addition, the plastic forming the inner cap should have a relatively high wear resistance and mechanical strength so that the telescopic crown can be repeatedly removed and reinserted even without significant wear of these parts. The inner cap is preferably made of PEEK or a similar plastic.

[0046] The thermoplastic intermediate provided according to one aspect of the present invention may also be designed in the form of a layer, ie, a thermoplastic layer.

[0047] The application of such a thermoplastic layer can compensate for any inaccuracies in the fit between the patient's condition and the model at the dental technician's place.

[0048] The dental technician can complete the entire restoration on his model. The finished restoration may deviate from the actual patient's situation in the position of the male part relative to the female part by, for example, 50 μm to 250 μm. The introduction of a thermoplastic layer or thermoplastic intermediate provided according to one aspect of the present invention can compensate for this. To be able to provide this compensation, the thermoplastic layer should preferably have a corresponding thickness of at least 250 μm around the layer surrounding the male part. When the restoration is inserted into the patient's mouth, the thermoplastic layer should be heated to a softening point or softening range so that it can be deformed. If the restoration is then inserted into the patient's mouth and the patient bites down, the female part "floating" in the softened thermoplastic layer or softened thermoplastic intermediate aligns itself precisely with the male part. After cooling, the thermoplastic layer solidifies again and maintains the aligned position of the mold. This process can be repeated as many times as needed, even after a longer wear period.

[0049] In a particularly preferred design, the thermoplastic layer or thermoplastic intermediate is a thermoplastic elastomer or thermoplastic silicone. This has the advantage that the retention function can be better adjusted to a snap-lock in terms of force. Furthermore, the elastomer layer does not fatigue quickly and reduce the retention force. This also helps minimize wear in the female-male system.

[0050] Regarding the shape and cross-section of the male-female system, several alternatives can be conceived according to the present invention. The simplest cross-sectional shape for the male-female system is considered to be a circular cross-section. This design is particularly suitable for systems on implants. However, depending on the required force transmission surface, an oval design (ellipse, tri-ellipse, quad-ellipse) may also be preferred. In the case of a circular cross-sectional design, the space requirement increases as the diameter in the cross-section increases. The restoration fixed on the female-male system is also limited in its ability to integrate the female body, particularly in the buccal-palatal or buccal-lingual plane. In contrast, when the dental arch runs in this direction, there is more available space in the mesial-distal extension. According to one aspect of the present invention, an elliptical design can therefore be useful in order to utilize the available space particularly effectively, because these will allow higher force transmission surfaces, friction surfaces and retaining surfaces. The radius of the cross-section should preferably remain as elliptical as possible and have neither corners, straight sections nor concave curved areas. In addition, a radius less than 1.0 mm and particularly less than 0.5 mm is unsuitable because higher wear is expected when the dental arch is retained.

[0051] In the case of natural teeth, it may even be necessary to deviate from a circular shape, as the remaining teeth of each patient may not even be known before actual treatment. The cross-section of a natural tooth is typically not circular, but rather elliptical. This means that milled teeth do not have a circular cross-section, and therefore a round male design is rarely suitable. In contrast, according to one aspect of the present invention, an oval / elliptical cross-section may be advantageous and suitable in the anterior region, a trioval cross-section in the canine region, and, more precisely, a quadrilateral cross-section in the posterior region. These, of course, can also have partially straight or concave areas.

[0052] According to one aspect of the invention, the geometry-related retention is provided primarily in the mesio-distal direction, so that the cap on the stump / abutment can be designed with relatively thin walls in the buccal-palatal or buccal-lingual planes. The space required for the retaining element in the male part is preferably formed by a groove with a cutout, which is then preferably provided only in the anterior and posterior regions where there is sufficient space. Of course, this concept can also be used for the male body of the abutment on the dental implant.

[0053] Therefore, a circular or elliptical retainer, preferably circumferential, but not necessarily completely circumferential, especially in the case of non-circular cross-sections, is the preferred shape / design for retaining in a female-male system.

[0054] According to one aspect of the present invention, which is considered an independent invention, when using a telescopic crown, for the purpose of adjustment and position optimization, it is provided that the thermoplastic intermediate is heated to a temperature above its softening temperature immediately before insertion into the patient's mouth, so that it becomes correspondingly deformable. According to another aspect, which is considered an independent invention, a heating device is provided for this purpose, which is arranged in a heating area with a plurality of heatable contact plugs, the outer contour of which is adapted to the contour of the male part of the telescopic system. This means that such contact plugs can be inserted into the corresponding mold instead of the actual male part. The corresponding mold element can then be inserted onto one of these contact plugs and heated, and the thermoplastic intermediate of the mold element can then be heated to a temperature above its softening temperature by the heated contact plug.

[0055] The softening temperature of the thermoplastic layer or thermoplastic intermediate is selected to be above approximately 135°C, in particular by selecting a suitable material. This is a common and customary autoclave temperature, for example, during the autoclaving of restorations in preparation for use or sterilization. According to one aspect of the present invention, the material parameters of the intermediate are selected such that thermoplastic softening does not occur at typical temperatures during such autoclaving. This ensures that, even during such autoclaving, the position of the inner cap facing the male part relative to the position of the outer cap facing the denture remains unchanged, as previously introduced according to the concept of the present invention. Therefore, in this sense, the minimum acceptable softening temperature of the intermediate material should preferably be in the range of 70°C-80°C. These are temperatures that a patient is unlikely to reach even when cleaning their denture using their own tap, thereby preventing deposits on the inner cap facing the male part due to deformation of the intermediate during daily use.

[0056] When components are heated and immediately inserted into the restoration to achieve precise alignment of the components (particularly the inner cap) relative to the outer cap, there is always a risk of thermal damage to the patient's mucosa and / or dental tissue (nerves) and / or bone (via heat conduction from the abutment and implant). For this reason, a relatively low softening temperature is preferably selected. Furthermore, the thermal capacity of the thermoplastic material forming the intermediate body should be relatively low, which is of course due to the low thickness of the three-layer system.

[0057] To reach the softening temperature and avoid excessive cooling before the final positioning of the inner cap against the male part, it is desirable to heat the entire restoration to a specified temperature. However, this is quite unsuitable for the intended treatment, as the restoration will be inserted into the patient's mouth at a temperature of at least 70°C-80°C. Even at temperatures above 40°C-50°C, the patient will inevitably experience severe pain, and above this temperature, burns may even be expected. Therefore, according to one aspect of the present invention, it is intended to heat only the intermediate body, or respectively the two- or three-layer system forming the male part of the intermediate body.

[0058] In order to solve this problem, it has been found that, according to one aspect of the invention, heating should be performed via the inner cap facing the male part. For this purpose, a heating device as described above is particularly advantageous, which has a heating element, preferably an electric heating element, which is geometrically adapted to the female part and can thus be inserted therein. A telescopic restoration usually has two to six and preferably four abutments, each having one of the male / female connections as described above. Therefore, the heating device is preferably equipped with a plurality (preferably six) of the above-described heating elements or contact plugs, so that all female elements of the dental restoration can be heated simultaneously and thus prepared for insertion.

[0059] The defined supply of heat energy over a defined period of time allows the heat required to soften the intermediate body or the thermoelastic layer to be introduced therein, thereby enabling precise alignment of the layer facing the male body. These heating elements or heating male bodies are preferably made of metal, preferably with high thermal conductivity, in particular gold, to optimize heat dissipation. They are preferably as geometrically identical as possible to the actual male body. A small groove in the axial direction is provided solely to facilitate removal, preventing the formation of negative pressure after heating during removal. If the thermoplastic layers are heated, removal could damage them if negative pressure were present. Furthermore, a handle is preferably formed behind the actual heating male body, allowing it to be easily inserted into the female body and removed again.

[0060] Preferably, the heated female body is equipped with an internal electric heater with integrated temperature control. This ensures that overheating and, therefore, damage to the female / male part system or the prosthesis itself is prevented. This control implies that the temperature sensor is integrated into the heated female body. However, the heated female body can also be equipped with a different heat source or supplied via an external heat source. The heating element can also heat only the thermoelastic layer via another energy source without being heated itself.

[0061] Preferably, the heating elements are connected to a central temperature control unit via cable connections. This preferably has four or six connections, so that four or six heating elements can be controlled simultaneously. Alternatively, and depending on the intended use, such a unit can also be provided with a larger number of connections, for example 6, 8 or 10. According to one aspect of the invention, there should be at least as many struts in the restoration as are normally present. These are at least three or four, but can also be 6 to 8. Preferably, the heating cassette is provided directly with the cable, but is connected via a plug in the direction of the control unit for removal.

[0062] In a particularly preferred design, the heating element is equipped with a rechargeable battery that is only located in the charging station. In this case, the temperature control unit is integrated into the heating element.

[0063] With regard to their shape, it is advantageous for geometrically different cathode / anodal systems to also provide these different geometries for the heating cathode.

[0064] According to another aspect of the invention, which is regarded as an independently invented invention, ceramic can be provided as material for the male part. For aesthetic reasons alone, ceramic is particularly suitable as material for the male part. For example, the patient generally has a more pleasant feeling when the restoration is removed if the supporting abutment is tooth-colored rather than metal-colored. Metal is also a good conductor of heat. If the thermoplastic layer or the thermoplastic intermediate is heated to compensate for the accuracy of the fit, this heat is also transferred to the male body when it cools. In implant restorations, thermal energy is transferred from the abutment (male body) to the implant and from there to the bone, which can become necrotic and die if heated too much. Similarly, with natural teeth, there is a risk that heat is transferred to the still vital tooth, leading to damage to the dental nerve.

[0065] While the thermal capacity of the thermoplastic layer and the male body is preferably chosen to be relatively low by design, potential damage cannot be completely ruled out. Therefore, materials with relatively low thermal conductivity are particularly suitable as the male body material. Metal sheets made of plastic or ceramic are therefore preferred. However, it should be noted that male body caps made of solid ceramic, particularly Al2O3 or ZrO2 ceramics, which serve as excellent thermal shields, are preferably used.

[0066] According to what is considered to be an aspect of the invention, metal particles can be embedded in the thermoplastic intermediate.The desired heating can then be achieved by induction until the thermoplastic layer softens, thus possibly without contact.

[0067] According to another aspect, which is considered to be an independent invention, magnetic particles, for example iron or iron oxide, can be embedded in the thermoplastic intermediate. The desired heating can then be carried out, in particular by generating friction, using an alternating magnetic field and therefore also without contact.

[0068] According to another aspect of the present invention, the inner cap facing the male portion can be designed to "float" in the patient's mouth prior to insertion, i.e., instead of a thermoplastic intermediate, a cavity can initially be provided between the inner and outer caps. A dental technician then creates an access channel, which is filled during insertion with a dental adhesive, an elastomer, a thermoplastic material, or the like.

[0069] According to the embodiments described above, the mold designed according to the concept of the present invention is essentially considered as a three-part component (or, in cross-section, as a three-layer system), which includes an inner cap, an outer cap, and an intermediate body arranged between them. According to another aspect of the present invention, an additional (i.e., fourth) component or layer can be provided. The fourth layer according to this aspect of the present invention can be an external fourth layer or component, which in turn surrounds the outer cap on the outside and enables the female element to be removably connected to the restoration or dental restoration. This allows the female element to be mechanically mounted on the restoration or dental restoration and easily removed again without damage. This makes it possible to initially firmly anchor the female body or cap in the restoration and, if necessary, for example after several years of wear, to relatively easily remove it and replace it with a new multi-part female body system. This makes it particularly easy to replace the inserted female part, for example, when the female part begins to wear. Of particular importance is that the adhesion in this system is significantly higher than that of a female-male system. A ratchet should be provided to prevent damage or destruction of the mold to be replaced during replacement. Pliers or similar specialized tools would be useful.

[0070] In another embodiment, considered an independent invention, instead of or in addition to a thermoplastic intermediate, the multi-part mold element can include an intermediate made of a light-curing plastic. This can be incorporated, for example, according to the above-described process, in an uncured, i.e., still deformable, state so that the inner and outer caps of the mold can be properly aligned with each other. Once this has been accomplished, the intermediate can be cured, for example using UV light, so that the recorded position is fixed.

[0071] With regard to the method, the stated task is solved by first recording intraoral data reflecting the actual dentition situation in the patient's mouth and making them available for further digital processing, wherein preferably in a CAD system a male element is selected based on this data from a plurality of basic male element types stored in a component library.

[0072] In particular in the particularly preferred manufacture of a restoration for attachment to a dental implant, in an advantageous embodiment regarded as an independent invention, the intended acquisition of intraoral data for the dental situation can comprise: also recording the exact position and orientation of the inserted dental implant in the patient's jaw, whereby based on this data and taking into account the selected male element the abutment intended to be attached to the dental implant is appropriately planned and manufactured.

[0073] The advantages achieved by the present invention are particularly that, in accordance with the present invention, a system can be provided with extremely low effort, exhibiting reproducible adhesion that is virtually independent of masticatory forces and a particularly high fit accuracy. This system exhibits very low wear, particularly due to the extremely high fit accuracy that can be achieved. A highly precise fit with high wearing and chewing comfort can be achieved, and the handling is simple and uncomplicated, meaning that the dental technician can secure the female part in the denture with minimal fit accuracy in the patient's mouth. Furthermore, the system has a particularly small footprint. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0075] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a telescopic system for securing a dental restoration in a patient's mouth;

[0076] Figure 2 is based on Figure 1 A longitudinal cross-section of a telescopic crown of the system;

[0077] Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a telescopic crown according to one aspect of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 4 is based on Figure 3 A partial perspective cross-sectional exploded view of the female element of the telescopic crown;

[0079] Figure 5 is based on Figure 3 A longitudinal cross-sectional exploded view of the female element of the telescopic crown;

[0080] Figure 6 is based on Figure 3 The male element of the telescopic crown and according to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 A side view of the inner cap of the female element, whose inner contour is adapted to the outer contour of the male element;

[0081] FIG7 shows in each case different cross-sectional geometries of a pair of male elements and an associated attached female element;

[0082] FIG8 shows a diagram according to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 A perspective partial cross-sectional view of the sequence of assembly steps of the female element;

[0083] FIG. 9 shows a diagram according to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the sequence of assembly steps of the female element;

[0084] Figure 10 Show the basis Figure 9d A female element with a "slanted" outer cap;

[0085] Figure 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a female body or female element;

[0086] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the heater;

[0087] Figures 13 to 17 According to Figure 12 an enlarged view of a contact plug of a heater;

[0088] Figure 18 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a telescopic crown attached to a dental implant;

[0089] Figure 19 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another alternative embodiment of a telescopic crown mounted on a dental implant;

[0090] Figure 20 is based on Figure 19 Exploded perspective view of the telescopic crown;

[0091] Figure 21 is based on Figure 19 A partial cross-sectional exploded view of the telescopic crown; and

[0092] FIG. 22 shows some variations of male elements mounted on implant connection screws.

[0093] Throughout the drawings, like parts are marked with like symbols. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0094] according to Figure 1 The telescopic system 1 is used for removably attaching a dental restoration 2 into the patient's mouth. In the embodiment shown, the dental restoration 2 shown is a complete maxillary restoration; however, alternatively, other restorations can of course also be provided, such as bridges, which close gaps between multiple teeth of the residual dentition, or individual restorations for replacing individual teeth can also be provided. The dental restoration 2 is designed to be removably connected to a plurality of supporting posts fixed to the maxilla 4 and thus arranged in the patient's mouth. In the embodiment example shown, the supporting abutments are teeth 6 of the residual dentition that remain in the patient's mouth and are suitably ground on their surface; however, alternatively, inserted dental implants can also be provided for this purpose.

[0095] The telescopic system 1 comprises a plurality of so-called telescopic crowns 10, which in the embodiment shown corresponds to the number of grinding teeth 6 of the remaining dentition, to which the dental restoration 2 is removably fixed to the upper jaw 4 and thus in the patient's mouth. Such telescopic crowns 10, as in Figure 2a The conventional design is shown in the longitudinal section view of Figure 2b, as shown in the longitudinal section in FIG, represents essentially a double crown system as a fastening device for a dental restoration 2. On the one hand, this comprises a "lower" or base crown 12, also called "main crown", which is firmly attached in a conventional coronating manner to a suitably prepared, for example ground, tooth 6 or an inserted dental implant. In the illustration according to FIG. 2 , the main crown 12 is shown in the state attached to the respective tooth 6, which in the embodiment according to FIG. Figure 1 It is also visible in the diagram.

[0096] The main crown 12 is designed as a male element 14 having contact pins 16 formed on its surface. An "upper" crown segment or female element 18 (also called "secondary crown") can be detachably or removably attached to the male element 14 as the second basic component of the telescopic crown, for example by clipping it on or attaching it. Figure 2a In the figure, the pushing process is indicated by arrow 20, while in Figure 2b , the telescopic crown 10 is shown in a state in which the female element 18 is completely pushed onto the male element 14. In the type of female-male system of the telescopic crown 10 formed by the crown segments 14, 18, the "upper" crown segment 18 forming the female body serves as a support for the dental restoration 2, which is appropriately firmly connected to the female element 18.

[0097] In a telescopic system 1 of the type described, the precision with which the dental restoration 2 fits in the patient's mouth is a crucial factor, as a high degree of fit accuracy is, for example, a prerequisite for a tight fit of the restoration 2 in the patient's mouth. Furthermore, a high degree of fit accuracy naturally also requires a high level of wearing comfort for the patient, so that they can feel as comfortable as possible with the restoration 2. The more accurately the restoration is manufactured, the more securely it fits in the patient's mouth, which in turn leads to a very high level of wearing and chewing comfort. However, with conventional manufacturing methods, which typically first determine the dental situation in the patient's mouth, transfer this to a physical or virtual model, and then use this model to plan and manufacture the restoration, inaccuracies in the fit are undesirable.

[0098] In order to take this into account, according to one aspect of the present invention, a construction method for a telescopic crown 30 is provided, such as Figure 3 , and allows for particularly precise manufacture of double crown systems. The design of the telescopic crown 30 according to the invention is based on the concept of manufacturing the basic components of the double crown system with a precision deemed acceptable, then, after pre-assembly of the components, inserting them into the patient's mouth with a certain flexibility and ductility, and allowing the final positioning of the components, adapted to the actual oral situation and the restoring and thrust forces occurring during insertion, and then fixing them.

[0099] To this end, Figure 3The telescopic crown 30 according to the invention shown comprises basic components comparable to the conventional design of the telescopic crown 10, comprising, on the one hand, a male element 14 for mounting or crowning a remaining tooth 6 or also a dental implant, and, on the other hand, a corresponding female element 18, which can be attached to the male element 14 and can be securely connected to the dental restoration 2. However, in contrast to the conventional design in the telescopic crown 10, according to one aspect of the invention, the female element 18 in the telescopic crown 30 is made of multiple parts and comprises an inner cap 32 that can be slid onto the male element 14 and an outer cap 34 that can be attached to the dental restoration 2, with an intermediate body 36 made of thermoplastic material connecting the inner cap 32 and the outer cap 34 being arranged in the space between them. This multi-part design of the female element 18 results from Figure 4 The local perspective section and Figure 5 It is particularly clearly recognizable in the exploded view of the longitudinal section.

[0100] This multi-part design using a temporary deformable intermediate body 36 or temporary deformable intermediate layer makes it possible for the final positioning and alignment of the components relative to each other (i.e., in particular the inner cap 32 and the outer cap 34) to occur only during the insertion of the telescopic crown 30 into the oral cavity. Thus, the outer cap 34 can already be securely mounted on the dental restoration 2 during preparation for insertion. For insertion, the thermoplastic intermediate body 36 is then preheated to above its softening temperature, making it malleable. In this state, the joining can then be performed, with the inner cap 32 and the outer cap 34 being appropriately aligned with each other according to the fine details of the oral situation and in response to the resulting pressure and positioning forces, with the intermediate body 36 deforming. Thus, the alignment of the inner cap 32 relative to the outer cap 34, and thus the final positioning, is adapted to the actual conditions in the oral cavity. Subsequently, the intermediate body 36 can cool, while retaining its assumed shape and therefore the underlying position, and thus solidify again. After solidification, the optimized alignment of the components recorded in this manner is thus fixed.

[0101] According to one aspect of the present invention, the intermediate body 36 is preferably particularly well-suited for typical dental treatment processes, both in terms of its material selection and its material parameters. This is particularly advantageous given the common and widespread use of autoclaving in such processes. According to one aspect of the present invention, the material parameters of the intermediate body 36 are selected so that no thermoplastic softening occurs at typical temperatures during such autoclaving. This ensures that, even during such autoclaving, the position of the inner cap 32 facing the male part 14 relative to the position of the outer cap 34 facing the dental restoration 2 remains unchanged, as does the position previously described according to the present invention. The softening temperature of the thermoplastic intermediate body 36 is selected to be above approximately 135°C, particularly through appropriate material selection. This is the typical and common autoclave temperature, where, for example, restorations are autoclaved for preparation for use or sterilization.

[0102] The male element 14 of the telescopic crown 30 is Figure 6a 6 . As can be clearly seen from the illustration in FIG6 , the male element 14 has a circumferential groove 37 which, together with the associated inner bead 38 on the inner side of the inner cap 32, ensures retention of the inner cap 32 when it is applied and thus provides additional fixation. The connection system can thus be designed in the form of a snap-on or latching connection, wherein the mould element 18 can be snapped or snapped onto the male element 14 via its inner cap 32. Figure 6b As can be seen from the illustration in , the inner contour of the inner cap 32 is suitable for this.

[0103] In contrast, FIG7 shows exemplary perspective views of a plurality of geometric variations of the male element 14 in combination with corresponding associated female elements 18 having differently designed cross-sectional profiles, as they can be selected as needed depending on the insertion site and the patient's oral situation. The male element 14 and the complete telescopic crown 30 (i.e., the female element 18 placed on the male element 14) are each shown together in pairs. Specifically:

[0104] Figure 7a are male and female elements 14, 18 having non-circular, oval or elliptical cross-sections;

[0105] Figure 7b are male and female elements 14, 18 having tri-elliptical cross-sections;

[0106] Figure 7c are male and female elements 14, 18 having square oval cross-sections;

[0107] Figure 7d are male and female components 14, 18 having elongated rectangular cross-sections with rounded corners to meet ovality standards;

[0108] Figure 7e are male and female elements 14, 18 having relatively "flat" elongated cross-sections;

[0109] Figure 7f is based on Figure 7e The male and female elements 14, 18 have additional part circumferential undercuts or grooves 37 to provide additional retention.

[0110] The assembly of the mould element 18 from prefabricated parts is shown in FIG8 by means of a series of assembly steps in partial section in perspective view and in FIG9 by means of a series of assembly steps in longitudinal section. Figure 8a 、 Figure 9a As shown, the inner cap 32 is inserted into the intermediate body 36. This has a circumferential end bead 40 at its free end 39, which is inserted into a receiving groove 42 formed on the end of the inner cap 32. Figure 8b 、 Figure 9b As shown, the resulting partially assembled assembly 44 is inserted into the outer cap 34 to form Figure 8c 、 Figure 9c The circumferential fixing edge 48 formed in the end region of the inner cap 32 is inserted into the receiving ring 50 of the outer cap 34. Subsequently, the flange edge 52 around it is folded to form a curled or flanged connection so that it surrounds the fixing edge 48, as shown. Figure 8d 、 Figure 9d As shown, and thus the inner cap 32 is sufficiently secured to the outer cap 34 in a pre-assembled sense.

[0111] As described above, the female element 18 constructed and preassembled in this manner is heated during bonding so that the thermoplastic intermediate body 36 is heated to above its softening temperature and thus becomes deformable. Bonding can then be performed in this state so that the inner cap 32 and the outer cap 34 are properly aligned with each other according to the fine details of the oral situation and in response to the pressure and positioning forces induced thereby, wherein the intermediate body 36 is deformed. Due to this alignment, Figure 9d Starting with the initial approximately parallel alignment shown, the inner cap 32 is tilted or otherwise repositioned relative to the outer cap 34, whereby the intermediate body 36 is deformed accordingly. The result of this deformation is followed by the final alignment of the components, Figure 10 1 and 2. In FIG. 1 , a longitudinal section through a mold element 18 is shown by way of example in the “tilted” state.

[0112] and Figure 9d Compared to the initial position shown, the deformation of the intermediate element 36 that has occurred is clearly recognizable. However, it can also be seen that the inner cap 32 is also clearly deformed in the area of the fixing edge 48 forming its base. According to the aspects regarded as independent inventions, this expected deformation of the inner cap 32 is taken into account by a suitable choice of material. The base area or the fixing edge 48 of the inner cap 32, which forms a type of membrane, should in fact provide as little or no restoring force as possible to resist this deformation. According to one aspect of the invention, this is achieved by a suitable choice of material for the inner cap 32, at least in the area of the fixing edge 48. Preferably, the inner cap 32 is therefore made of a high-performance plastic, preferably made of PEEK.

[0113] exist Figure 11, an alternative embodiment of a mold element 18' is shown in longitudinal section. In this variant, the covering area 54 of the inner cap 32' is corrugated, thereby providing a certain degree of deformability, particularly in the longitudinal direction. Thus, such an embodiment allows for a certain degree of compensation or equalization of the positions of the components relative to one another in the longitudinal direction.

[0114] In order to be able to conceptually heat the thermoplastic intermediate part 36 of the telescopic crown 30 to a temperature above the softening temperature before joining, one aspect of the invention provides a heating device 60 which is provided in Figure 12 The heating device 60 comprises a plurality of heatable contact plugs 62 which correspond in their outer contour to the contour of the male element 14 of the telescopic crown 30 and which can therefore be inserted into the female element 18 or its inner cap 32 instead of the male element 14, and Figure 12 Only one is shown in the figure. Therefore, contact plug 62 is preferably as geometrically identical to the actual male element 14 as possible. According to one aspect of the present invention, only to facilitate removal of the heated female element 18, a small groove can be provided in the outer skin of contact plug 62 in the axial direction so that no negative pressure can be formed during removal after heating. If the thermoplastic intermediate 36 is heated, removal could result in damage if negative pressure exists.

[0115] Therefore, the contact plugs 62 can also be referred to as "heating boxes." To optimize heat dissipation, they are preferably made of metal, preferably with high thermal conductivity, in particular gold. For heating, the corresponding mold element 18 can then be inserted onto one of these contact plugs 62. The thermoplastic intermediate body 36 of the mold element 18 can then be heated to a temperature above its softening temperature by heating the contact plug 62. The heating device 60 is equipped with a plurality of heating elements or contact plugs 62, corresponding to the number of female elements 18 provided in the corresponding dental restoration 2 or the number of female elements 18 typically used in such dental restorations 2, preferably six, so that all female elements 18 of the dental restoration 2 can be heated simultaneously and thus prepared for insertion.

[0116] from Figures 13 to 17 The possibility of inserting each contact plug 62 into the inner cap 32 of the mold element 18 becomes particularly clear in the various enlargements in FIG.

[0117] In an embodiment example, an integrated heating element 64 with integrated temperature control is provided on the heatable contact plug 62. By means of a defined supply of thermal energy over a defined period of time, the heat required to soften the intermediate body 36 can thus be introduced into this layer or thermoelastic layer, so as to enable a fine alignment of the inner cap 32 facing the male element 14 relative to the outer cap 34 connected to the restoration 2. Furthermore, a handle 66 is preferably formed behind the actual heating male body 62, so as to be able to easily insert the heating male body 62 into the female element 18 and remove them again.

[0118] The heating element 64, designed as an internal electrical heater, ensures that overheating and thus damage to the female-male system or the restoration 2 itself are prevented. This control requires that the temperature sensor 68 be integrated into the heated female body 62. However, the heated female body 62 can alternatively be equipped with a different heat source or supplied with heat via an external source. Furthermore, it is also possible for the heated male body 62 to simply heat the thermoelastic intermediate body 36 via another energy source without being heated itself.

[0119] According to one aspect of the present invention, the plurality of heating male bodies 62 are each connected to the Figure 12 A common central temperature control unit, not shown in detail, is provided. This preferably has four or six connections so that four or six heating cassettes 62 can be controlled simultaneously. Alternatively, and depending on the intended use, such a unit can also be provided with a greater number of connections, for example six, eight or ten. According to one aspect of the invention, there should be at least as many support columns as are typically provided in the restoration 2. Preferably, the heating cassettes 62 are provided directly with cable connections 70, but are removably connected to the central control unit by means of plugs.

[0120] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the heating element 62 is equipped with a rechargeable battery that is located only in the charging station. In this case, the temperature control unit is integrated into the heating element 62.

[0121] As mentioned above, the telescopic crown 30 described above can alternatively be attached and anchored to a tooth 6 still present in the patient's mouth or to an inserted dental implant. Figure 18 , which is shown in longitudinal section. This comprises a female body element 18 of the same construction as in the above-described embodiment, which is made of multiple parts and essentially comprises an outer cap 34 provided for connection to the dental restoration 2, an inner cap 32 provided for removable connection to the male element 14, and a thermoplastically deformable intermediate body 36 arranged between the outer cap 34 and the inner cap 32. For its part, the inner cap 32 is provided on the inside with an inner bead 38 which can snap into an associated groove 37 in the associated male element 14′ and thus improve the retention.

[0122] exist Figure 18 In the embodiment shown, the male element 14′, which is considered an independent invention, is specifically designed for mounting on a dental implant or an abutment component and, for this purpose, is designed in its base region 80 in the manner of an abutment or abutment part. To this end, it includes a contact surface 82 in the base region 80, the contour of which is adapted to the corresponding contact surface in the connection region of the implant, so that it can be placed on the latter with an exact fit. In its central middle region, the male element 14′ also has a screw channel 84 for an implant connection screw, through which it can be attached to the implant.

[0123] Another alternative embodiment of a telescopic crown 30 intended to be mounted on a dental implant is Figure 19 In the longitudinal cross-section, Figure 20 is shown in a perspective exploded view and in Figure 21 The structure is shown in the exploded view of the partial section. Figure 18 The telescopic crown 30 shown in FIG is essentially the same, although the connection system of the implant has been modified. In this embodiment, a separate connection element 86 is provided for connection to the implant. In this case, the connection element 86 has a contact surface 82 in the base area 80, the contour of which is adapted to the associated contact surface in the connection area of the implant and can therefore be placed on the latter with a precise fit. In its central middle area, the connection element 86 has a screw channel 84, which includes a screw seat 88 for an implant connection screw 90, via which the connection element 86 can be fastened to the implant. Above the platform surface 92 formed by the connection element 86, the screw channel 84 continues in the form of a sleeve 94, which surrounds the screw head 96 of the inserted connection screw 90 and serves externally as a mounting surface for the male element 14". In this case, the male element 14" can be attached to the sleeve 94 and / or the platform surface 92 using conventional assembly techniques such as adhesive bonding or gluing.

[0124] The male element 14 ″ can be closed in the region of its cover surface 98 so that it completely encloses the screw head 96 of the connecting screw 90 after assembly. Alternatively, however, it can also be perforated in the region of the cover surface 98 and designed to leave an access opening 100 through which the screw head 96 can be accessed, for example, by a suitable (assembly) tool. In this regard, FIG. 22 shows a number of variants, each of which is paired in a perspective view and a perspective sectional view, namely on the one hand a closed variant ( Figure 22a ), a variant with a relatively small inlet opening 100 ( Figure 22b ) and a variant with a relatively large inlet opening 100 ( Figure 22c ).

[0125] A method for manufacturing a dental restoration 2, intended to be removably secured to a plurality of crowned teeth 6, or in particular, a dental implant, in a patient's mouth, via a telescopic system 1 of the type described, is also considered an independent invention. According to this aspect of the invention, intraoral data reflecting the actual dentition situation in the patient's mouth can be initially recorded and made available for further digital processing. Based on this data, according to one aspect of the invention, a male element 14 is preferably selected in a CAD system from a plurality of basic male element types stored in a component library, which is considered particularly advantageous for the determined dentition situation. This method is particularly advantageous when applied to the manufacture of restorations for attachment to dental implants. When recording the intraoral data for the dentition situation, the exact position and orientation of the inserted dental implant can be initially recorded in a manner considered an independent invention. Based on this data and taking into account the selected male element, an abutment for attachment to the implant can be appropriately planned and manufactured. In particular, the orientation and positioning of the abutment can be optimized for the dentition situation, and, if necessary, the basic shape of the abutment can be appropriately specified.

[0126] In this production, in particular for use with inserted dental implants, the following steps in particular can be regarded as according to the invention, each alone or in suitable combination with one another:

[0127] - Before manufacturing the final restoration or prosthesis, the male body design to be used later is preferably already defined in CAD. The selection can be made based on a male body design in CAD that is already available or stored in a corresponding library, where a corresponding suitable female body is available.

[0128] - The male element 14 is aligned during the planning phase (i.e. preferably during the design in CAD) for the insertion direction of the finished restoration or restoration optimized according to the data of the oral situation (residual dentition, mucosa, contralateral jaw) recorded by the intraoral scanner and coordinated with the recorded situation of the ground tooth stump or in particular with the inserted implant.

[0129] Based on the target position of the male element 14 specified in this way or in another way, the position and geometric data of the inserted implant can be taken into account for planning and later manufacturing the abutment. If necessary, a basic type of abutment (for example, an angled abutment) can be selected, which can then be further modified using the data determined for the dentition situation.

[0130] - Based on the planning data for the male element 14 and, if applicable, the abutment, planning the cap to be manufactured, which cap forms a female part relative to the tooth stump or the abutment and a male part relative to the restoration or prosthesis, which male part is inserted into the female part 18 removably connected to the restoration or prosthesis.

[0131] For dental laboratory processes, three embodiments are described below, each of which is considered inventive in its own right.

[0132] 1. Classic process using already manufactured caps:

[0133] Once these caps have been manufactured, they are temporarily attached to the dental posts of the physical master model (plaster model, printed acrylic model, etc.). The female element 18 is then attached to the main crown 12. The restoration is then planned, completed, and manufactured on these. Finally, the manufactured restoration or prosthesis is bonded or glued to the female element 18, preferably on the main cast.

[0134] 2. Process of integrating the main crown analog into the main model I:

[0135] In a second embodiment, the corresponding prefabricated primary crown is integrated into the printed master model. The female element 18 is then attached to the primary crown 12. The restoration is then planned, finished, and manufactured on top of this. Finally, the manufactured restoration / prosthesis is preferably bonded / glued to the female element 18 on the primary cast.

[0136] 3. Process II of integrating the main crown analog into the main model:

[0137] In a third variant, the primary crown is manufactured and bonded or glued before the master model is created. After the tooth pile is prepared, the primary crown is manufactured directly by the dentist ("chair-side") or in a nearby dental laboratory and bonded or glued in the same stage. Intraoral scanning or classical impressions can then be used, preferably with corresponding impression caps on the primary crown. A master model (plaster model, printed plastic model, etc.) with an integrated primary crown analogue can then be manufactured. The female element 18 is then placed on the primary crown 12. The restoration is then planned, completed and manufactured on these. Finally, the manufactured restoration / prosthesis is preferably bonded / glued to the female element 18 on the master model.

[0138] Reference Mark Explanation

[0139] 1: Sleeve system; 37: Groove; 68: Temperature sensor;

[0140] 2: denture; 38: inner curling edge; 70: cable connector;

[0141] 4: maxillary; 39: tip; 80: base area;

[0142] 6: teeth; 40: curling edge; 82: contact surface;

[0143] 10: Telescopic crown; 42: Receiving slot; 84: Screw channel;

[0144] 12: Main crown; 44, 46: Integrated parts; 86: Connecting parts;

[0145] 14: Male element; 48: Fixing edge; 88: Screw seat;

[0146] 16: Contact pin; 50: Receiving ring; 90: Connecting screw;

[0147] 18: female element; 52: flange edge; 92: platform area;

[0148] 20: Arrow; 54: Coverage area; 94: Sleeve;

[0149] 30: Telescopic crown; 60: Heater; 96: Screw head;

[0150] 32: inner cap; 62: contact plug; 98: covering surface;

[0151] 34: outer cap; 64: heating element; 100: access opening.

[0152] 36: intermediate body; 66: handle element;

Claims

1. A telescopic crown (30) for attaching a removable dental restoration (2) to a tooth (6) or an inserted dental implant in a patient's mouth, comprising a male element (14, 14', 14") that can be attached to the tooth (6) or the dental implant (14, 14', 14"), the male element being attachable to the tooth (6) or the dental implant having a female element (18), the male element being insertable onto the female element and being attachable to the dental restoration (2), the female element (18) being designed in multiple parts and having an inner part that can be inserted onto the female element (14, 14', 14") and an outer cap (34) that can be attached to the dental restoration (2), an intermediate body (36) made of thermoplastic material connecting the inner cap (32) and the outer cap (34) being arranged in the space between the inner cap (32) and the outer cap (34).

2. Telescopic crown (30) according to claim 1, wherein The intermediate body (36) is formed of a thermoplastic material having a softening temperature greater than 135°C.

3. The telescopic crown (30) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The intermediate body (36) has a thickness of at least 250 μm.

4. The telescopic crown (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The intermediate body (36) is designed to be a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic silicone resin.

5. The telescopic crown (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The outer side of the male element (14, 14', 14") has a groove (37).

6. A telescopic restoration (2), in particular for use as a dental restoration for replacing missing teeth in a patient's mouth, comprising a plurality of female elements (18), each of which can be inserted into an associated male element (14, 14', 14"), each of the female elements (18) being designed in multiple parts and comprising an inner cap (32) that can be inserted into the male element (14, 14', 14") and an outer cap (34) that can be attached to the dental restoration, an intermediate body (36) made of thermoplastic material connecting the inner and outer caps (32, 34) being arranged in the space between the inner and outer caps (32, 34).

7. A method for producing a restorative prosthesis having a dental restoration (2) intended to be removably fixed to a plurality of crowned teeth (6) or, in particular, also removably fixed to a dental implant in a patient's mouth by means of a plurality of telescopic crowns (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein First, intraoral data reflecting the actual dentition situation in the patient's mouth are recorded and made available for further digital processing, preferably in a CAD system, based on these data, a male element (14) is selected from a plurality of basic male element types stored in a component library.

8. A method according to claim 7 for manufacturing a restoration (2) attached to a dental implant, wherein when recording the intraoral data for the dentition situation, the exact position and orientation of the inserted dental implant are recorded, and based on this data and taking into account the selected male element (14) the abutment intended to be attached to the implant is appropriately planned and manufactured.

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