Rubber material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a rubber material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the rubber material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-99 parts of chloroprene rubber, 5-55 parts of eucommia ulmoides rubber and 0.1-30 parts of an interface agent on the basis that the total of the chloroprene rubber and the eucommia ulmoides rubber is 100 parts by weight. The rubber material provided by the invention has relatively good mechanical properties and fatigue life resistance, and the service cycle of rubber in application is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rubber materials, and more particularly to a rubber material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to its excellent weather resistance and wear resistance, chloroprene rubber is widely used in the production of hoses, shock absorbers and other products.

[0003] In recent years, the rapid development of my country's high-speed railways and transportation tracks has brought great convenience to people. Neoprene is widely used as a raw material for making air springs. Air springs are important shock-absorbing components for vehicles, affecting the comfort and safety of passengers. Among them, cracking of the outer rubber layer is one of the most common failures of air springs.

[0004] Currently, air spring rubber composites are made from a combination of chloroprene rubber and eucommia rubber. Eucommia rubber has a similar structure and comparable performance to natural rubber. As a trans-form of natural rubber, eucommia rubber has a more regular and flexible molecular chain arrangement, making it prone to crystallization. This microcrystalline structure effectively inhibits crack propagation in rubber composites and extends the fatigue life of the rubber. While chloroprene and eucommia rubber composites can inhibit crack propagation to a certain extent, the rapid development of high-speed railways and public transportation tracks has placed higher demands on vehicle stability and safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a rubber material with better performance suitable for air spring applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rubber material and a preparation method thereof. The rubber material is obtained by adding an interface agent to a composite material of chloroprene rubber and eucommia rubber, which greatly improves the fatigue resistance of the rubber and extends the service life of the rubber.

[0006] First, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a rubber material.

[0007] Specifically, the rubber material is made from the following raw materials, with the total weight of chloroprene rubber and eucommia rubber being 100 parts by weight, and the weight of each component being:

[0008] 45-99 parts by weight of chloroprene rubber;

[0009] 5-55 parts by weight of eucommia rubber;

[0010] 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of interface agent.

[0011] Preferably, the weight proportions of the components are:

[0012] 50-90 parts by weight of chloroprene rubber;

[0013] 10-50 parts of Eucommia rubber;

[0014] 1 to 10 parts by weight of interface agent.

[0015] Preferably, the interface agent is selected from one or a combination of epoxidized natural rubber, epoxidized eucommia rubber, epoxidized chloroprene rubber, epoxidized butyl rubber, epoxidized styrene-butadiene rubber, halogenated butyl rubber, carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber, halogenated natural rubber, and halogenated eucommia rubber; more preferably, the epoxidation degree of the interface agent is 10 to 60%. The addition of the interface agent to the composite rubber raw material can effectively improve the dispersibility of the chloroprene rubber and eucommia rubber, and significantly enhance the fatigue resistance and mechanical properties of the rubber.

[0016] Preferably, the chloroprene rubber is sulfur-adjusted chloroprene rubber; and the molecular weight of the eucommia rubber is 100,000 to 1,000,000.

[0017] Preferably, the rubber material further comprises one or a combination of carbon black, rubber oil, antioxidant, plasticizer, activator, accelerator, and vulcanizing agent. The carbon black is one or a combination of N774 carbon black, N550 carbon black, N330 carbon black, and N220 carbon black; the rubber oil is one or a combination of aromatic oil and white oil; the antioxidant is one or a combination of p-phenylenediamine, phenol, and organic sulfide antioxidants; the plasticizer is one or a combination of petroleum plasticizers, fatty oil plasticizers, and resins; the activator is one or a combination of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, stearic acid, and zinc stearate; the accelerator is one or a combination of sulfensulfonamides, thiazoles, guanidines, thiurams, and thioformates; and the vulcanizing agent is one or a combination of sulfur and sulfur-containing compounds.

[0018] Preferably, based on 100 parts by weight of the total of chloroprene rubber and eucommia rubber, the weight parts of each component are:

[0019]

[0020] Secondly, the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the rubber material of one of the objects of the present invention.

[0021] The method comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 1, respectively masticating eucommia rubber and chloroprene rubber to obtain a masterbatch;

[0023] Step 2: Adding an interface agent to the masterbatch and mixing;

[0024] Step 3: Add other additives to the masterbatch and mix them to obtain a rubber material.

[0025] The third object of the present invention is to provide an application of the rubber material of the first object of the present invention. The rubber material provided by the present invention has good wear resistance and mechanical properties and can be used for the outer rubber layer of an air spring.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention explores the compounding of Eucommia gum and chloroprene rubber. The interfacial agent is used to better adjust the compatibility problem faced in the compounding process of the isoprene structure of Eucommia gum and the polar chloroprene rubber, thereby effectively improving the fatigue resistance and mechanical properties of the rubber.

[0028] 2. The rubber composite material provided by the present invention can be used for the outer rubber layer of an air spring, and has good weather resistance, aging resistance and flex resistance, thereby ensuring the service life of the product. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It is necessary to point out that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art to the present invention based on the contents of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the following examples and comparative examples, all raw materials were derived from commercially available products.

[0031] In the test methods of the following embodiments, the instruments and test methods used in the tests are as follows:

[0032] The strain range of the compound was 0.28–200% at a frequency of 1 Hz, and the strain range of the vulcanized rubber was 0.28–42% at a frequency of 10 Hz.

[0033] The static mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were tested using an electronic tensile testing machine (CMT4104, SANS Testing Machine Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China) at a tensile rate of 500 mm / min at room temperature according to GB / T528-2009 standard;

[0034] Dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMTA; DMA1, Shanghai Mettler-Toledo Instrument Co., Ltd., China) was used in tension mode with the test conditions of 0.1% strain, 10 Hz frequency, 3 °C / min heating rate, and a temperature range of -80 to 80 °C.

[0035] The crystallinity of the samples was tested by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), with a sample size of 2 mm*2 mm*2 mm, a scanning angle range of 5 to 70°, and a scanning rate of 10° / min;

[0036] The flexure test is carried out in accordance with the national standard HG4-836. The vulcanized rubber sheet is cut and placed in the flexure tester to observe the number of cracks that appear, that is, the increase in the number of cracks from level 1 to level 6.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of a rubber material. The components and weight parts of the rubber material are as follows:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] The preparation process of rubber is as follows, including the following steps:

[0042] The chloroprene rubber is plasticized at room temperature, and the eucommia rubber is plasticized at a temperature of 80°C to obtain a masterbatch; an interface agent is added and mixed for 5 minutes; an activator, an antioxidant, carbon black, rubber oil, and a plasticizer are added and mixed, the mixing temperature is 70°C, the speed of the internal mixer is 60r / min, and the mixing time is 12 minutes. The mixed masterbatch is parked for 8 hours to obtain a mixed rubber; a vulcanizing agent and an accelerator are added and mixed at 70°C for 5 minutes; the mixed rubber is vulcanized and formed, the vulcanization temperature is 150°C, the vulcanization pressure is 15Mpa, and the vulcanization is carried out for 10 minutes.

[0043] The performance of the rubber material of this embodiment was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of a rubber material. The components and weight parts of the rubber material are as follows:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] The rubber preparation process of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 1.

[0049] The performance of the rubber material of this embodiment was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of a rubber material. The components and weight parts of the rubber material are as follows:

[0052] The rubber preparation process of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 1.

[0053] The performance of the rubber material of this embodiment was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of a rubber material. The components and weight parts of the rubber material are as follows:

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] The rubber preparation process of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 1.

[0059] The performance of the rubber material of this embodiment was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of a rubber material. The components and weight parts of the rubber material are as follows:

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] The rubber preparation process of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 1.

[0065] The performance of the rubber material of this embodiment was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] This comparative example is used to illustrate the preparation of a rubber material. The components and weight parts of the rubber material are as follows:

[0068] The rubber preparation process of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1.

[0069] The performance of the rubber material of this comparative example was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] This comparative example is used to illustrate the preparation of a rubber material. The components and weight parts of the rubber material are as follows:

[0072] The rubber preparation process of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1.

[0073] The performance of the rubber material of this comparative example was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] The rubbers prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were tested for their properties. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1:

[0076]

[0077] The data in Table 1 show that the rubbers of Examples 1-5 exhibit excellent mechanical properties, fatigue resistance, and weather resistance, making them suitable for use as nanocomposites in the outer rubber layer of air springs. However, the fatigue resistance of the chloroprene rubber and natural rubber used in Comparative Examples 1-2 is poor. Furthermore, Comparative Example 2 shows that excessive addition of vulcanizing agent also reduces the rubber's fatigue resistance.

[0078] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple variations of the technical solution of the present invention may be made, including combining the various technical features in any other appropriate manner. These simple variations and combinations should also be regarded as disclosed in the present invention and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rubber material, comprising the following raw materials, wherein the weight parts of each component are as follows, based on 100 parts by weight of chloroprene rubber and eucommia rubber: 45-99 parts by weight of chloroprene rubber; 5-55 parts by weight of eucommia rubber; 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of interface agent.

2. The rubber material according to claim 1, characterized in that The weight parts of each component are: 50-90 parts by weight of chloroprene rubber; 10-50 parts of Eucommia rubber; 1 to 10 parts by weight of interface agent.

3. The rubber material according to claim 1, characterized in that The interface agent is selected from one of epoxidized natural rubber, epoxidized eucommia rubber, epoxidized chloroprene rubber, epoxidized butyl rubber, epoxidized styrene-butadiene rubber, halogenated butyl rubber, carboxyl nitrile, halogenated natural rubber, and halogenated eucommia rubber, or a combination thereof.

4. The rubber material according to claim 1, characterized in that The epoxy degree of the interface agent is 10-60%.

5. The rubber material according to claim 1, characterized in that The chloroprene rubber is selected from sulfur-adjusted chloroprene rubber.

6. The rubber material according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw material components also include one or a combination of carbon black, rubber oil, antioxidant, plasticizer, activator, accelerator, and vulcanizing agent.

7. The rubber material according to claim 6, characterized in that The carbon black is one or a combination of N774 carbon black, N550 carbon black, N330 carbon black, and N220 carbon black; and / or, The rubber oil is one or a combination of aromatic oil and white oil; and / or, The antioxidant is one or a combination of p-phenylenediamine, phenol, and organic sulfide antioxidants; and / or, The plasticizer is one or a combination of petroleum plasticizers, fatty oil plasticizers and resins; and / or, The activator is one or a combination of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, stearic acid, and zinc stearate; and / or, The accelerator is one or a combination of sulfensulfonamides, thiazoles, guanidines, thiurams, and thioformates; and / or, The vulcanizing agent is one or a combination of sulfur and sulfur-containing compounds.

8. The rubber material according to claim 6, characterized in that Taking chloroprene rubber and eucommia rubber as 100 parts by weight, the weight parts of each component are as follows:

9. The method for preparing a rubber material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, respectively masticating eucommia rubber and chloroprene rubber to obtain a masterbatch; Step 2: Adding an interface agent to the masterbatch and mixing; Step 3: Add other additives to the masterbatch and mix them to obtain a rubber material.

10. Use of the rubber material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The rubber material is used for the outer rubber layer of the air spring.

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