Method for delaying germination of vitis quinquangularis

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grape cultivation, in particular to a method for delaying vitis heyneana germination, which comprises the following steps: in the first ten-day period of March, spraying a treating agent on vitis heyneana, and the treating agent comprises the following components: maleic hydrazide, ethephon, paclobutrazol, morning glory extract and tobacco extract. The method is easy to operate, low in cost, green and safe, germination of vitis quinquangularis is delayed by spraying the pesticide, high-incidence time of downy mildew is avoided in the florescence of the vitis quinquangularis, and meanwhile the growth quality of the vitis quinquangularis is effectively improved.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grape cultivation, in particular to a method for delaying germination of tricholoma pubescens. [Background Technology]

[0002] Currently, Guangxi's vineyards cover approximately 100,000 mu (approximately 16,000 hectares) of vineyard land, primarily concentrated in the rocky, desertified mountainous areas of Luocheng, Du'an, and Dahua. These vines are planted in large, extensive plots and poorly managed, relying on the weather for their survival after minimal pruning. Current challenges include downy mildew during the vineyard's flowering period, which can lead to severe yield losses. Downy mildew, a disease that affects the flowers, blooms in May and June, a peak season for downy mildew during the rainy season.

[0003] Based on the above problems, the current solutions include pruning and removing secondary flowers, but these methods are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Pruning is also a considerable project when growing Vitis vinifera in mountainous areas. In addition, the value of Vitis vinifera itself is lower than that of other varieties. Therefore, if too much manpower and financial resources are spent in the cultivation process, it may be "not worth the loss."

[0004] The purpose of this application is to develop a low-cost method that can effectively delay the germination of Vitis quinata. [Summary of the invention]

[0005] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for delaying the germination of Vitis pubescens, which delays the germination of Vitis pubescens by spraying a pesticide, so as to avoid the high incidence period of downy mildew during the flowering period of Vitis pubescens and improve the growth quality of Vitis pubescens.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A method for delaying germination of tricholoma vitis vinifera comprises spraying a treatment agent on the tricholoma vitis vinifera in early March, wherein the treatment agent comprises maleic hydrazide, ethephon, paclobutrazol, morning glory extract and tobacco extract.

[0008] Furthermore, the spraying method is to use a drone loaded with the treatment agent and then evenly spray the Vitis pubescens plants.

[0009] Furthermore, the spraying is performed again 10-15 days after the spraying.

[0010] Furthermore, the treatment agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of maleic hydrazide, 4-8 parts of ethephon, 2-4 parts of paclobutrazol, 3-5 parts of morning glory extract and 1-2 parts of tobacco extract.

[0011] Furthermore, the treatment agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of maleic hydrazide, 6 parts of ethephon, 3 parts of paclobutrazol, 4 parts of morning glory extract and 1 part of tobacco extract.

[0012] The preparation method of the treatment agent comprises the following steps:

[0013] (1) extracting morning glory and tobacco with alcohol respectively to obtain morning glory extract and tobacco extract;

[0014] (2) Maleamide was added to water at 60-70°C to prepare a solution A with a concentration of 550-750 mg / L, ethephon was added to water at 40-45°C to prepare a solution B with a concentration of 100-200 mg / L, and paclobutrazol was added to water at 65-75°C to prepare a solution C with a concentration of 220-300 mg / L;

[0015] (3) While stirring, add solution A to solution C, then add solution B, mix thoroughly, add morning glory extract and tobacco extract, and then add water in an amount of 0.5-1 times the mass of the obtained mixture, stir evenly, and the treating agent can be obtained.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention provides a method for delaying the germination of Vitis pubescens. Currently, Vitis pubescens generally germinates from mid-April to the end of April and then blooms around mid-May, which is the peak period for downy mildew. By spraying a self-made treatment agent, the present invention can adjust the flowering period of Vitis pubescens to late June, avoiding the peak period for downy mildew in the rainy season. The present invention achieves the adjustment of the flowering period only by applying the agent, and does not require tedious operations such as pruning and removing secondary flowers, thereby greatly reducing manpower and material resources and improving economic benefits.

[0018] 2. The present invention uses maleic hydrazide, ethephon, paclobutrazol, morning glory extract and tobacco extract as main ingredients to prepare a treatment agent. After application, the treatment agent can delay the germination of hairy grapes, thereby postponing the flowering period of hairy grapes. During the specific implementation process, the applicant found that the selection of the treatment agent has a great impact on the growth of hairy grapes. It can be seen that it is not only necessary to consider delaying the germination of hairy grapes, but also the growth quality of hairy grapes. Specifically, the applicant encountered many difficulties in the selection process of the agent. For example, after applying the agent composed of maleic hydrazide, ethephon and paclobutrazol, although it can also delay the germination of hairy grapes, the germination rate is reduced. Therefore, after a large number of experimental studies, the applicant obtained the final treatment agent composition, which can delay the germination of hairy grapes while ensuring the germination rate and uniformity, can increase the yield of hairy grapes, and is more convenient to manage. [Specific implementation method]

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] This embodiment provides a method for delaying germination of Vitis quinata; the method comprising:

[0022] In early March, the Vitis quinata plants were sprayed with a treatment agent using a drone loaded with the treatment agent, which was then evenly sprayed on the Vitis quinata plants. The treatment agent was then applied again 10 days after the spraying.

[0023] Specifically, the treatment agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of maleic hydrazide, 4 parts of ethephon, 2 parts of paclobutrazol, 3 parts of morning glory extract and 1 part of tobacco extract.

[0024] The preparation method of the treatment agent comprises the following steps:

[0025] (1) extracting morning glory and tobacco with alcohol respectively to obtain morning glory extract and tobacco extract;

[0026] (2) Maleamide was added to water at 60°C to prepare a solution A with a concentration of 750 mg / L, ethephon was added to water at 40°C to prepare a solution B with a concentration of 200 mg / L, and paclobutrazol was added to water at 65°C to prepare a solution C with a concentration of 300 mg / L;

[0027] (3) While stirring, add solution A to solution C, then add solution B, mix thoroughly, add morning glory extract and tobacco extract, and then add water in an amount of 0.5 times the mass of the obtained mixture, stir evenly, and the treating agent can be obtained.

[0028] Example 2:

[0029] This embodiment provides a method for delaying germination of Vitis quinata; the method comprising:

[0030] In early March, the Vitis quinata plants were sprayed with a treatment agent using a drone loaded with the treatment agent, which was then evenly sprayed on the Vitis quinata plants. The treatment agent was then applied again 12 days after the spraying.

[0031] Specifically, the treatment agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of maleic hydrazide, 6 parts of ethephon, 3 parts of paclobutrazol, 4 parts of morning glory extract and 1 part of tobacco extract.

[0032] The preparation method of the treatment agent comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) extracting morning glory and tobacco with alcohol respectively to obtain morning glory extract and tobacco extract;

[0034] (2) Maleamide was added to water at 65°C to prepare a solution A with a concentration of 600 mg / L, ethephon was added to water at 42°C to prepare a solution B with a concentration of 150 mg / L, and paclobutrazol was added to water at 70°C to prepare a solution C with a concentration of 260 mg / L;

[0035] (3) While stirring, add solution A to solution C, then add solution B, mix thoroughly, add morning glory extract and tobacco extract, and then add water in an amount of 0.7 times the mass of the obtained mixture, stir evenly, and the treating agent can be obtained.

[0036] Example 3:

[0037] This embodiment provides a method for delaying germination of Vitis quinata; the method comprising:

[0038] In early March, the Vitis quinata plants were sprayed with a treatment agent using a drone loaded with the treatment agent, which was then evenly sprayed on the Vitis quinata plants. Additional spraying was performed 15 days after the spraying.

[0039] Specifically, the treatment agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of maleic hydrazide, 8 parts of ethephon, 4 parts of paclobutrazol, 5 parts of morning glory extract and 2 parts of tobacco extract.

[0040] The preparation method of the treatment agent comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) extracting morning glory and tobacco with alcohol respectively to obtain morning glory extract and tobacco extract;

[0042] (2) Maleamide was added to water at 70°C to prepare a solution A with a concentration of 550 mg / L, ethephon was added to water at 45°C to prepare a solution B with a concentration of 100 mg / L, and paclobutrazol was added to water at 75°C to prepare a solution C with a concentration of 220 mg / L;

[0043] (3) While stirring, add solution A to solution C, then add solution B, mix thoroughly, add morning glory extract and tobacco extract, and then add water in an amount of 1 times the mass of the obtained mixture, stir evenly, and the treating agent can be obtained.

[0044] Test example:

[0045] The applicant verified the effectiveness of this application through the following tests:

[0046] Test location: Xiatitun Hairy Grape Demonstration Base, Du'an;

[0047] Trial time: March 2022-October 2022.

[0048] Experiment 1: Comparison of delayed germination and flowering times

[0049] The applicant divided the grapes into groups and carried out different treatments to compare the budding time of the grapes under different treatments. The groups were divided into the following groups:

[0050] Group 1: treated as described in Example 1;

[0051] Group 2: treated as described in Example 2;

[0052] Group 3: treated as described in Example 3;

[0053] Group 4: Remove morning glory extract and tobacco extract, and other methods are the same as Group 2;

[0054] Group 5: Remove the morning glory extract, and other treatments are the same as those in Group 2;

[0055] Group 6: except for the tobacco extract, the other methods were the same as those of Group 2;

[0056] Group 7: Morning glory extract was replaced with Cnidium monnieri extract, and other treatments were the same as those in Group 2;

[0057] Group 8: Tobacco extract was replaced with Folium Isatidis extract, and other treatments were the same as those in Group 2;

[0058] Group 9: The preparation method of the treatment agent is as follows: (1) performing alcohol extraction on morning glory and tobacco, respectively, to obtain morning glory extract and tobacco extract; (2) placing maleamide, paclobutrazol and ethephon in water at 65°C, the total amount of water used being the same as that in Example 2, adding the morning glory extract and tobacco extract to the obtained solution, and then adding water in an amount of 0.7 times the mass of the obtained mixture, and stirring uniformly to obtain the treatment agent. The other methods are the same as those in Group 2;

[0059] Group 10: The preparation method of the treatment agent is as follows: (1) extracting morning glory and tobacco by alcohol respectively to obtain morning glory extract and tobacco extract; (2) adding maleamide to water at 65°C to prepare solution A with a concentration of 600 mg / L, adding ethephon to water at 42°C to prepare solution B with a concentration of 150 mg / L, and adding paclobutrazol to water at 70°C to prepare solution C with a concentration of 260 mg / L; (3) mixing solution C, solution A, and solution B, stirring thoroughly, adding morning glory extract and tobacco extract, and then adding water in an amount of 0.7 times the mass of the obtained mixture, stirring evenly, to obtain the treatment agent;

[0060] Blank group: treated with clean water as a blank control.

[0061] Based on the blank group, the delay in germination time of each group of Vitis quinquefolia was calculated and compared. The germination time of the blank group was April 10, and the flowering time was May 21. The recorded data are shown in Table 1:

[0062] Table 1 Delayed days of germination and flowering of each group of Vitis quinata

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] According to the results in Table 1, treatment of Vitis quinquefolia with the agents of the present application (Groups 1 to 3) can effectively delay germination, further pushing flowering to around late June, avoiding the peak period for downy mildew and protecting Vitis quinquefolia from infection. The agents of Groups 4 to 8 also effectively delayed germination. The agents of Groups 9 and 10 were less effective. During application, the applicant observed significant precipitation in Group 9. Although Group 10 showed no precipitation, the effect was equally unsatisfactory. This may be due to improper preparation methods, resulting in a significant reduction in efficacy and poor delaying effect, failing to achieve the applicant's objectives.

[0066] Experiment 2: Comparison of germination rates

[0067] Based on the above experiments, the applicant further tested the budding rate of the following groups of Vitis quinquefolia after treatment: budding rate (%) = (number of germinated eyes / total number of eyes) × 100%. Statistics were calculated starting 10 days after budding (percentages were calculated and rounded to the nearest integer). The specific groupings were continued according to Experiment 1. The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0068] Table 2 Comparison of germination rate among treatment groups

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] According to the results in Table 2, the germination rate of the blank group reached 100%. Without the addition of the plant extract, the hairy grape could germinate normally. However, in order to delay the germination time, the applicant sprayed the treatment with the agent. As shown in Experiment 1, the germination time was effectively delayed. However, the treatment with the agent may result in a decrease in the germination rate. Therefore, the applicant continued to study the treatment agent that can delay the germination of hairy grape and ensure the germination rate. According to the comparison results, it can be seen that the treatment method of the present application can ensure the germination rate of hairy grape, while the germination rate of other groups is not ideal. For example, the results of Group 4 show that although the germination time of hairy grape can be delayed without adding the plant extract, thereby delaying flowering and avoiding the high incidence period of downy mildew, the germination rate of this group is very low, and therefore, good economic benefits cannot be achieved. After changing the plant extract, the germination rate of Group 7 also dropped significantly. It can be seen that not all plant extracts can achieve the corresponding effect. This is what the applicant has discovered through continuous experiments and proved its feasibility.

[0072] Experiment 3: Comparison of neatness

[0073] In addition to the germination rate, the uniformity of Vitis pubescens germination is also very important. High uniformity indicates a consistent germination rate, which facilitates management and reduces labor costs. Therefore, the applicant further compared the uniformity of each treatment method in each group, including the proportion of new shoots 10 days after the start of germination and 15 days after the start of germination, including the proportion of new shoots with a length of 3 cm (exclusive) to 5 cm (inclusive), the proportion of new shoots with a length of 5 cm (exclusive) to 7 cm (inclusive), the proportion of new shoots with a length of 7 cm (exclusive) to 10 cm (inclusive), and the proportion of new shoots with a length of 10 cm (exclusive) to 14 cm (inclusive).

[0074] Among them, the calculation method for the proportion of new shoots in a certain length range is, new shoot proportion rate (%) = (new shoots with a length of a certain range / total number of sprouted new shoots) × 100%. This calculation formula is generally applicable to the calculation of the proportion of the above-mentioned new shoot length range.

[0075] Arrange in the above manner and record the neatness of each group. The results are shown in Table 3-4:

[0076] Table 3 Comparison of the uniformity of new shoots of Vitis pubescens in each group 10 days after budding

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Table 4 Comparison of the uniformity of new shoots of Vitis pubescens in each group 15 days after budding

[0080]

[0081] Combined with the above test results, the use of the treatment agent of the present application in combination with the method of the present application to treat hairy grapes can effectively delay the germination time of hairy grapes, and ultimately make the flowering period of hairy grapes avoid the high incidence period of downy mildew. In addition, the treatment method of the present invention can ensure the germination rate of hairy grapes, and its germination rate is relatively consistent, the germination uniformity is high, and it is easy to manage.

[0082] The examples described above merely illustrate several embodiments of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that variations and modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention, and such variations and modifications are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for delaying germination of Vitis quinata, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: spraying a treatment agent on tricholoma grapes in early March, wherein the treatment agent comprises maleic hydrazide, ethephon, paclobutrazol, morning glory extract and tobacco extract.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The spraying method is to use a drone loaded with a treatment agent and then evenly spray the hairy grape plants.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Re-spray once 10-15 days after the spraying.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The treating agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of maleic hydrazide, 4-8 parts of ethephon, 2-4 parts of paclobutrazol, 3-5 parts of morning glory extract and 1-2 parts of tobacco extract.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The treatment agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of maleic hydrazide, 6 parts of ethephon, 3 parts of paclobutrazol, 4 parts of morning glory extract and 1 part of tobacco extract.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the treatment agent comprises the following steps: (1) extracting morning glory and tobacco with alcohol respectively to obtain morning glory extract and tobacco extract; (2) Maleamide was added to water at 60-70°C to prepare a solution A with a concentration of 550-750 mg / L, ethephon was added to water at 40-45°C to prepare a solution B with a concentration of 100-200 mg / L, and paclobutrazol was added to water at 65-75°C to prepare a solution C with a concentration of 220-300 mg / L; (3) While stirring, add solution A to solution C, then add solution B, mix thoroughly, add morning glory extract and tobacco extract, and then add water in an amount of 0.5-1 times the mass of the obtained mixture, stir evenly, and the treating agent can be obtained.

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