A vineyard water-saving irrigation system and construction method thereof, and a grape planting irrigation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vineyard water-saving irrigation system, a construction method thereof, and a grape planting irrigation method. The system aims to solve the problems of low precipitation in the northwest region, rapid evaporation of water during grape cultivation and management, and waste of water resources caused by ground drip irrigation. The technical solution of the present invention includes a collection box buried underground on both sides of the cultivation row, with a water pipe and a rainwater pipe provided in the collection box; when the vineyard is established, deep trenches are dug on both sides of the cultivation row, and the irrigation systems are placed therein. The two irrigation systems are tilted toward the inside of the cultivation row to form an "eight" shape, and then covered with soil; the grape seedlings are planted in the cultivation row, and water is provided to the grape seedlings planted on both sides thereof through the water pipe and the rainwater pipe. The present invention can collect rainwater or use tap water for irrigation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vineyard water-saving irrigation, and in particular to a vineyard water-saving irrigation system and a construction method thereof, and a grape planting irrigation method. Background Art

[0002] my country's water shortage and uneven spatial and temporal distribution are major constraints to agricultural development. This is particularly true in the northwest region, where low rainfall, a dry climate, and high evaporation rates lead to a shortage of water for agricultural production. Therefore, to address this water shortage, my country is vigorously developing water-saving irrigation technologies, promoting the use of drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and pipe irrigation, adjusting water use structures, and improving water resource utilization.

[0003] In the northwest region, most vineyards are irrigated using drip irrigation technology. Drip irrigation involves filtering water under pressure, then dripping it slowly and evenly into the soil near the plant roots through a network of pipes and outlet pipes (drip tape) or drippers. It has the advantages of improving land resource utilization, increasing crop yields, conserving water, inhibiting weed growth, and reducing the risk of soil erosion. Currently, drip irrigation methods are primarily above-ground or under-mulch drip irrigation, which results in the majority of water remaining on the surface. This, in the northwest region, hinders the root growth of grapevines, making them vulnerable to drought and cold weather. Furthermore, due to the high evaporative forces in the environment, some of the water that reaches the surface is easily lost, resulting in a waste of water resources.

[0004] Therefore, efficient water-saving irrigation mode is an urgent need for the sustainable development of the grape industry in Northwest China. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a vineyard water-saving irrigation system and its construction method and a grape planting irrigation method to solve the problems of low precipitation in the northwest region, rapid evaporation of water during grape cultivation and management, and waste of water resources caused by ground drip irrigation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a vineyard water-saving irrigation system, comprising a collection box buried underground on both sides of a cultivation row, wherein a water pipe and a rainwater pipe are arranged in the collection box;

[0007] The water delivery pipeline includes an upper layer pipe and a lower layer pipe;

[0008] The upper pipe consists of two parts: a horizontal water pipe and a vertical water pipe. The horizontal water pipe is a double-layer pipe with a high-density filter mesh at the bottom of the outer layer, which occupies 1 / 3 of the pipe wall area. There are several vertical water pipes, and the spacing is consistent with the spacing of the grape plants. One end is connected to the horizontal water pipe. The structure of each vertical water pipe is composed of pipe material and four high-density filter meshes spaced between the pipe material. The high-density filter mesh occupies 1 / 2 of the pipe wall area. The water in the water pipe penetrates into the soil through the high-density filter mesh on the pipe wall.

[0009] The lower pipe consists of two water pipes, the inner and outer pipes, and the structure of the outer pipe is the same as the horizontal water pipe structure of the upper pipe;

[0010] The rainwater pipeline includes a plurality of rain collectors and rainwater transport pipes;

[0011] The rain collector consists of a conical nozzle and a high-density filter screen, and the high-density filter screen is set at the tail of the conical nozzle;

[0012] The rainwater transport pipe consists of an outer water pipe, an inner horizontal water pipe, a vertical connecting pipe and a rainwater control switch; the outer water pipe and the inner horizontal water pipe are connected to the vertical connecting pipe, and the inner horizontal water pipe is connected to the vertical water pipe of the upper pipe respectively; each rain collector is connected to the outer water pipe;

[0013] The conical nozzle of the rain collector extends out of the outer layer of the collecting box;

[0014] The upper layer pipe and the lower layer pipe are respectively connected to water sources.

[0015] Furthermore, the above-ground part of the collection box is provided with a sunshade net, non-woven fabric and absorbent cotton laid from top to bottom.

[0016] Furthermore, the filter is made of high-density filter material with a small pore size, which can only seep water but cannot pass through sand, gravel, plant roots, etc.

[0017] Furthermore, one side of the water delivery pipe is embedded in the plate surface on the other side of the assembly box.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner tubes of the upper layer tube and the lower layer tube are both common drip irrigation tubes.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper tube and the lower tube are respectively connected to a control switch.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper pipe is 30 cm away from the top of the collection box, and the distance between the upper pipe and the horizontal water pipe in the lower pipe is 40 cm.

[0021] Furthermore, the collection box is 60-80 cm high.

[0022] A method for constructing a vineyard water-saving irrigation system,

[0023] When establishing a vineyard, dig a 70 cm deep trench on both sides of the cultivation row and place the irrigation system in it. The two irrigation systems should be tilted 30 cm inwards towards the cultivation row. o Left and right, forming an "eight" shape, and then cover with soil;

[0024] The grape seedlings are planted in the cultivation rows, parallel to the vertical water pipes on both sides of the upper pipes, with a planting depth of 30 cm. After planting, water-retaining materials are laid on the surface to complete the setting of the water-saving irrigation mode structure.

[0025] A grape planting irrigation method,

[0026] In the first year of grape cultivation, the roots of the grape seedlings are distributed about 30 cm in the soil. When irrigation is needed, just open the upper pipe switch to meet the water needs of the early growth of the grapes and promote the root system to grow deeply.

[0027] In the second year, the upper pipes are used primarily, supplemented by the lower pipes. Use the upper pipes twice for irrigation, and for the third watering, open the lower pipes while using the upper pipes. Use all four pipes simultaneously to meet the normal water needs of grape growth while promoting downward root extension.

[0028] In the third year, when the grape roots are mainly distributed at around 50-70 cm, stop using the upper pipes and only open the lower pipe switches for irrigation to promote the growth of the grape roots into deep soil.

[0029] The later use is the same as the third year;

[0030] When collecting rainwater, the rainwater control switch is turned on to fully utilize the rainwater for irrigation. On non-rainy days, the rainwater control switch is turned off, thereby sealing the soil around 70 cm deep in the cultivation row to prevent excess water from escaping laterally and seeping deeper, thereby promoting the growth of grape roots.

[0031] When the amount of water in the upper pipe is large, some of the water in the horizontal pipe will seep through the high-density filter mesh, enter the vertical pipe, and then pass through the high-density filter mesh into the deep soil, promoting the root system to take root.

[0032] The rainwater pipe is only opened with a rainwater control switch on rainy days. After rainwater penetrates into the soil, it flows into the conical nozzle and enters the outer water pipe after being filtered by a high-density filter. The rainwater in the outer water pipe flows into the vertical connecting pipe and then into the inner horizontal water pipe, and then flows into the vertical water pipe of the upper pipe, passes through the high-density filter and enters the deep soil. The rainwater pipe is closed on non-rainy days, and only the water supply pipe of the entire irrigation device can be used for irrigation.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

[0034] 1) Compared with ordinary ground irrigation, the present invention can avoid the waste of water resources caused by transpiration, further optimize the water-saving effect of drip irrigation, and at the same time play a role in water conservation.

[0035] 2) The water-retaining materials, sunshade nets, non-woven fabrics and absorbent cotton provided in the present invention can prevent evaporation caused by excessively strong sunlight, thereby forming a relatively closed environment on the surface of the ground, thereby retaining moisture; on the other hand, when preparing for winter cold protection, the covering can be lifted, buried in the soil and then covered back, thereby achieving a double cold protection effect; in addition, the water-retaining layer covering the surface can prevent the growth of weeds and prevent the loss of soil nutrients.

[0036] 3) This invention buries water pipes at different depths underground. Taking into account the downward growth of grape roots, the upper pipes are primarily used in the early stages, with the lower pipes serving as a supplement. In the later stages, the deeper lower pipes are primarily used to control water around the roots. This not only reduces water waste but also meets the water needs of grapes at different growth stages, promoting root growth and improving the plant's stress resistance.

[0037] 4) The irrigation system of the present invention is easy to install and maintain, and will not be entangled by grape roots, causing malfunctions and shortening its service life.

[0038] 5) The irrigation system of the present invention can use rain collectors to collect and fully utilize rainwater that infiltrates the surface. Combined with rainwater transport pipes, it rationally distributes the flow of rainwater, conserving water resources. Rainwater flowing into the rhizosphere is more in line with the growth structure characteristics of the grape root system.

[0039] 6) The pipes used in the present invention are different from conventional pipes. The pipes are made of materials used in conventional pipes combined with high-density filter mesh to form special pipes, which can achieve water seepage irrigation and water filtration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic front view of the structure of the vineyard water-saving irrigation system of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic side view of the structure of the vineyard water-saving irrigation system of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 The inner basic structure of the vineyard water-saving irrigation device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 The outer basic structure of the vineyard water-saving irrigation device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 The front basic structure of the vineyard water-saving irrigation device of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6The reverse basic structure of the vineyard water-saving irrigation device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 7 A bottom schematic diagram of the composition structure of the irrigation device of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the basic structure of the rain collector of the irrigation device of the present invention.

[0048] Marking Description:

[0049] A. Water-retaining materials,

[0050] 1. Sunshade net; 2. Non-woven fabric; 3. Absorbent cotton;

[0051] B. Water pipelines,

[0052] Ⅰ. Upper tube;

[0053] 4. Horizontal water pipe; 5. Drip irrigation pipe; 6. High-density filter; 7. Vertical water pipe;

[0054] Ⅱ lower layer tube;

[0055] 4. Horizontal water pipe; 5. Drip irrigation pipe; 6. High-density filter;

[0056] C. Rainwater pipes,

[0057] III. Rain collector;

[0058] 8. Conical nozzle; 6. High-density filter;

[0059] IV. Rainwater transport pipe:

[0060] 9. Outer water pipe; 10. Inner horizontal water pipe; 11. Vertical connecting pipe; 12. Rainwater control switch;

[0061] D. Collection box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0064] The present invention provides a vineyard water-saving irrigation system, comprising a collection box D buried underground on both sides of a cultivation row, the collection box D being 60-80 cm high, and a water pipe B and a rainwater pipe C being arranged in the collection box D;

[0065] The water pipe B includes an upper pipe I and a lower pipe II. The upper pipe I includes two parts: a horizontal water pipe 4 and a vertical water pipe 7. The horizontal water pipe 4 is a double-layer pipe. The lower part of the outer layer of the double-layer pipe is a high-density filter 6, which occupies 1 / 3 of the pipe wall area. There are several vertical water pipes 7, and the spacing is consistent with the spacing of the grape plants. One end is connected to the horizontal water pipe 4. The structure of each vertical water pipe 7 is composed of a pipe material and four high-density filter meshes 6 spaced between the pipe material. The high-density filter mesh 6 occupies 1 / 2 of the pipe wall area. The water in the water pipe B penetrates into the soil through the high-density filter mesh on the pipe wall. The lower pipe II includes two water pipes, the outer pipe structure is the same as the horizontal water pipe 4 of the upper pipe I, and the inner pipe is an ordinary drip irrigation pipe 5. The upper pipe I is 30 cm away from the top of the collection box D, and the upper pipe I is 40 cm away from the horizontal water pipe 4 in the lower pipe II. Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown;

[0066] As an implementation method in the embodiment, the upper layer pipe I and the lower layer pipe II are respectively connected to a water source, and the inner pipe and the inner pipe of the upper layer pipe I and the lower layer pipe II are both ordinary drip irrigation pipes 5.

[0067] The rainwater pipe C includes several rain collectors III and rainwater transport pipes IV, such as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown;

[0068] The rain collector III is composed of a conical nozzle 8 and a high-density filter 6. The high-density filter 6 is arranged at the tail of the conical nozzle 8. Figure 8As shown; the rainwater transport pipe IV is composed of an outer water pipe 9, an inner horizontal water pipe 10, a vertical connecting pipe 11 and a rainwater control switch 12; the outer water pipe 9 and the inner horizontal water pipe 10 are connected to the vertical connecting pipe 11, and the inner horizontal water pipe 10 is respectively connected to the vertical water pipe 7 of the upper pipe I; each rain collector III is connected to the outer water pipe 9;

[0069] The conical nozzle 8 of the rain collector III extends out of the outer layer of the collecting box.

[0070] As an implementation method in the embodiment, the ground part of the collection box D is provided with a sunshade net 1, non-woven fabric 2 and absorbent cotton 3 laid from top to bottom.

[0071] As an implementation method in the embodiment, the filter screen is a high-density filter material with a small pore size, which can only seep water but cannot pass through sand, gravel, plant roots, etc., so that the service life of the entire device is longer.

[0072] As an implementation method in the embodiment, one side of the water supply pipe B is embedded in the plate surface on the other side of the assembly box D.

[0073] A method for constructing a vineyard water-saving irrigation system is as follows:

[0074] When establishing a vineyard, dig trenches about 70 cm deep on both sides of the cultivation row and place the irrigation system. Figure 1 As shown, the two irrigation systems are tilted 30 degrees to the inside of the cultivation row. o Left and right, forming an "eight" shape, and then cover with soil;

[0075] Plant the grape seedlings into the cultivation rows. Figure 2 As shown, the position is parallel to the vertical water pipes 7 of the upper pipes Ⅰ on both sides, and the planting depth is 30 cm. After the planting is completed, the water-retaining material A is laid on the surface to complete the setting of the water-saving irrigation mode structure.

[0076] A grape planting irrigation method is:

[0077] In the first year of grape cultivation, the roots of the grape seedlings are distributed about 30 cm in the soil. When irrigation is needed, just open the switch of the upper tube I to meet the water needs of the early growth of the grapes and promote the root system to grow deep.

[0078] In the second year, the upper tube I is used primarily, supplemented by the lower tube II. For every two irrigations using the upper tube I, the lower tube II is opened during the third irrigation using the upper tube I. All four tubes are used simultaneously to meet the normal water requirements for grape growth while promoting downward root extension.

[0079] In the third year, when the grape roots are mainly distributed at around 50-70 cm, stop using the upper tube I and only open the switch of the lower tube II for irrigation to promote the growth of the grape roots into deep soil.

[0080] The later use is the same as the third year;

[0081] When collecting rainwater, the rainwater control switch 12 is turned on to fully utilize the rainwater for irrigation; on non-rainy days, the rainwater control switch 12 is turned off, thereby sealing the soil around 70 cm deep in the cultivation row to prevent excess water from escaping laterally and seeping deeper to promote the growth of the grape root system;

[0082] When the amount of water in the upper pipe I is large, part of the water in the horizontal water pipe 4 will seep through the high-density filter 6, enter the vertical water pipe 7, and then pass through the high-density filter 6 into the deep soil, promoting the root system to take root.

[0083] Rainwater pipe C, described as a rainwater control switch 12, is only opened on rainy days. Rainwater seeps into the soil, flows through conical nozzle 8, is filtered by high-density filter 6, and enters outer water pipe 9. The rainwater in outer water pipe 9 flows into vertical connecting pipe 11, enters inner horizontal water pipe 10, and then flows into vertical water pipe 7 of upper pipe I, passing through high-density filter 6 and entering the deep soil. When rainwater pipe C is closed on non-rainy days, only water pipe B in the entire irrigation system can irrigate.

[0084] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grape planting irrigation method, characterized in that: In the first year of grape cultivation, the roots of the grape seedlings are distributed in the soil 30 cm. When irrigation is needed, just open the upper pipe (Ⅰ) switch to meet the water needs of the early growth of the grapes and promote the root system to grow deep. In the second year, the upper tube (I) is used primarily, supplemented by the lower tube (II). For every two irrigations using the upper tube (I), the lower tube (II) is opened during the third irrigation using the upper tube (I). All four tubes are used simultaneously to meet the normal water requirements of grape growth while promoting downward root extension. In the third year, when the grape roots are mainly distributed at 50-70 cm, stop using the upper pipe (Ⅰ) and only open the lower pipe (Ⅱ) for irrigation to promote the growth of the grape roots into the deeper soil layers. The later use is the same as the third year; When collecting rainwater, the rainwater control switch (12) is turned on to fully utilize the rainwater for irrigation; on non-rainy days, the rainwater control switch (12) is turned off, thereby sealing the soil around 70 cm deep in the cultivation row to prevent excess water from escaping laterally and seeping deeper, thereby promoting the growth of grape roots; When the amount of water in the upper pipe (Ⅰ) is large, part of the water in the horizontal water pipe (4) will seep through the high-density filter (6) and enter the vertical water pipe (7), and then pass through the high-density filter (6) into the deep soil, promoting the root system to take root; The rainwater pipe (C) opens the rainwater control switch (12) only on rainy days. After the rainwater penetrates into the soil, it flows into the conical nozzle (8) and is filtered by the high-density filter (6) before entering the outer water pipe (9). The rainwater in the outer water pipe (9) flows into the vertical connecting pipe (11) and then into the inner horizontal water pipe (10). Then, it flows into the vertical water pipe (7) of the upper pipe (Ⅰ) and enters the deep soil through the high-density filter (6). When it is not rainy, the rainwater pipe (C) is closed and the entire irrigation device is irrigated only by the water pipe (B). The irrigation system used in the irrigation method includes a collection box (D) buried underground on both sides of the cultivation row, and a water pipe (B) and a rainwater pipe (C) are arranged in the collection box (D); The water delivery pipeline (B) comprises an upper layer pipe (I) and a lower layer pipe (II); The upper pipe (I) includes a horizontal water pipe (4) and a vertical water pipe (7). The horizontal water pipe (4) is a double-layer pipe. The lower part of the outer layer of the double-layer pipe is a high-density filter (6), which occupies 1 / 3 of the pipe wall area. A plurality of vertical water pipes (7) are provided, and the intervals are consistent with the spacing of the grape plants. One end is connected to the horizontal water pipe (4). The structure of each vertical water pipe (7) is composed of a pipe material and four high-density filter nets (6) spaced between the pipe materials. The high-density filter nets (6) occupy 1 / 2 of the pipe wall area. The water in the water pipe (B) penetrates into the soil through the high-density filter net on the pipe wall. The lower pipe (II) includes two inner and outer water pipes, and the structure of the outer pipe is the same as that of the horizontal water pipe (4) of the upper pipe (I); The rainwater pipe (C) includes a plurality of rainwater collectors (III) and rainwater transport pipes (IV); The rain collector (III) is composed of a conical nozzle (8) and a high-density filter (6), wherein the high-density filter (6) is arranged at the tail of the conical nozzle (8); The rainwater transport pipe (IV) is composed of an outer water pipe (9), an inner transverse water pipe (10), a vertical connecting pipe (11) and a rainwater control switch (12); the outer water pipe (9) and the inner transverse water pipe (10) are both connected to the vertical connecting pipe (11), and the inner transverse water pipe (10) is respectively connected to the vertical water pipe (7) of the upper pipe (I); each rain collector (III) is connected to the outer water pipe (9); The conical nozzle (8) of the rain collector (III) extends out of the outer layer of the collection box; The upper tube (I) and the lower tube (II) are respectively connected to water sources.

2. A grape planting irrigation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The above-ground portion of the assembly box (D) is provided with a sunshade net (1), non-woven fabric (2) and absorbent cotton (3) laid from top to bottom.

3. A grape planting irrigation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The filter screen is made of high-density filter material with a small pore size, which can only seep water but cannot penetrate sand, gravel or plant roots.

4. A grape planting irrigation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the water delivery pipe (B) is embedded in the plate surface on the other side of the assembly box (D).

5. The grape planting irrigation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner tubes of the upper tube (I) and the lower tube (II) are both ordinary drip irrigation tubes (5).

6. The grape planting irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper tube (I) and the lower tube (II) are respectively connected to a control switch (12).

7. The grape planting irrigation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper pipe (I) is 30 cm away from the top of the collection box (D), and the distance between the upper pipe (I) and the horizontal water pipe (4) in the lower pipe (II) is 40 cm.

8. The grape planting irrigation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collection box (D) is 60-80 cm high.

9. The grape planting irrigation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system construction method adopted is: When establishing a vineyard, dig 70 cm deep trenches on both sides of the cultivation row and place the irrigation systems in them. The two irrigation systems are tilted 30 cm inwards towards the cultivation row. o , forming an "eight" shape, and then covering with soil; The grape seedlings are planted in the cultivation row, parallel to the vertical water pipes (7) of the upper pipes (Ⅰ) on both sides, with a planting depth of 30 cm. After the planting is completed, water-retaining materials (A) are laid on the surface to complete the setting of the water-saving irrigation mode structure.

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