Preparation method of differential shrinkage composite fiber fabric

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a differential shrinkage composite fiber fabric. Relates to the technical field of functional fabrics, and provides a preparation method of a differential shrinkage composite fiber fabric which is used for preparing a lightweight, warm-keeping, fluffy and soft fabric so as to be suitable for clothing in an extreme environment. Alkali-soluble fibers or easy-to-hydrolyze fibers are used as protofilaments A, high-shrinkage fibers are used as protofilaments B, low-shrinkage fibers are used as protofilaments C, and the protofilaments A, the protofilaments B and the protofilaments C are combined and stranded to prepare composite fiber yarns for weaving; s2, weaving; weaving the composite fiber yarns prepared in the step S1 into gray cloth by using a weaving machine; s3, reduction treatment; the protofilaments A in the gray cloth are dissolved; s4, shaping and finishing; and carrying out heat setting processing by using a setting machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of functional fabrics, and in particular to a method for preparing a differentially shrinkable composite fiber fabric. Background Art

[0002] Down jackets and outdoor sportswear, designed to withstand extreme conditions while providing a comfortable wear experience, place high demands on the fabric's functional properties. Natural fabrics like cotton, linen, silk, and wool are generally considered inadequate for the functional requirements of these garments. Traditional single-component synthetic fiber fabrics, with their own limitations, also struggle to meet consumers' increasingly demanding demands for a comfortable wear experience.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve textile processing technology and prepare textile fabrics with more comprehensive functions has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing a lightweight, warm, fluffy and soft fabric suitable for clothing in extreme environments.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: A method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with different shrinkage, comprising the following steps: S1: plying; using alkali-soluble fiber or easily hydrolyzed fiber as precursor A, high shrinkage fiber as precursor B, and low shrinkage fiber as precursor C, the precursor A, the precursor B, and the precursor C are combined to form a composite fiber yarn for weaving; S2: weaving; weaving the composite fiber yarn prepared in S1 into a grey cloth using a loom; S3: weight reduction treatment; dissolving the raw silk A in the grey cloth; S4: Shaping and finishing; use a shaping machine for heat setting processing.

[0006] The shrinkage rate of the precursor B is 20-70%, and the shrinkage rate of the precursor C is 6-10%.

[0007] The density of the precursor A is 33-110 Tex, the density of the precursor B is 11-100 Tex, and the density of the precursor C is 33-220 Tex.

[0008] The alkali-soluble fiber is water-soluble copolyester.

[0009] The easily hydrolyzable fiber is a sea-island fiber, the sea component of which is a water-soluble copolyester and the island component is a nylon fiber.

[0010] The terminal carboxyl content of the water-soluble copolyester is 30 to 35 mmol / kg.

[0011] The plying method in step S1 is network plying, elastic plying or machine-wrapped plying.

[0012] During the network plying, the compressed air pressure is set to 1-4 kg / cm 2 ,The number of network nodes is set to 30 to 200 nodes / m.

[0013] During the stretching and plying process, the oven temperature is set at 130-190°C.

[0014] In the machine-wrapped plying, the original yarn B and the original yarn C are firstly plyed through a network or a stretch ply to form a ply yarn, and then the ply yarn is used as the outer layer and the original yarn A is used as the core layer to form a covered yarn structure.

[0015] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with different shrinkage. Alkali-soluble fiber or easily hydrolyzed fiber, high-shrinkage fiber, and low-shrinkage fiber are twisted together to form composite fiber yarns, which are then woven into a grey cloth. During the weight reduction treatment of the grey cloth, the alkali-soluble fiber or easily hydrolyzed fiber dissolves, forming a regular pore structure in the fiber. After weight reduction, the porosity reaches over 80%, reducing the weight of the fabric by 20-30%, thereby achieving lightweight properties. Simultaneously, the pore structure traps air, reducing the thermal conductivity to 0.023-0.028 W / (m·K), thereby achieving warmth retention. The high-shrinkage fiber imparts high elasticity to the fabric, while the high shrinkage difference between the high- and low-shrinkage fibers imparts a fluffy and distinctive velvety feel to the fabric.

[0016] This invention innovatively uses composite textile technology to make composite fabrics through differentiated fiber combinations, and utilizes the synergistic effect produced by fibers with different characteristics to make the fabrics have the characteristics of lightness, warmth, and fluffiness. It is well suitable for the production of special clothing for extreme environments, providing consumers with a better wearing experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the differentially shrinkable composite fiber fabric of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is combined with Figure 1 , further illustrating the present invention.

[0019] The method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with different shrinkage according to the present invention comprises the following steps: S1: Plying; Alkali-soluble or easily hydrolyzed fibers are used as precursor A, which is used to form a regular pore structure after weight reduction. High-shrinkage fibers are used as precursor B to provide differential shrinkage and elasticity. Low-shrinkage fibers are used as precursor C to enhance bulk and create a velvety feel. Low-shrinkage fibers can also be used with heterogeneous cross-sections to strengthen interfiber cohesion. Precursors A, B, and C are combined and ply to produce a composite fiber yarn for weaving.

[0020] S2: Weaving: The composite fiber yarn prepared in S1 is woven into a grey cloth using a loom.

[0021] S3: Weight reduction treatment; dissolve the raw silk A in the grey cloth, dissolve the alkali-soluble fiber or the easily hydrolyzed fiber, so that a regular pore structure is formed in the fabric, and the porosity is increased by 30-50%, achieving lightweight.

[0022] S4: shaping and finishing: use a shaping machine for heat setting processing, the processing temperature is 170-190℃, and the processing speed is 35-40m / min.

[0023] The shrinkage rate of the original yarn B is 20-70%, and the shrinkage rate of the original yarn C is 6-10%.

[0024] The density of the precursor A is 33 to 110 Tex, the density of the precursor B is 11 to 100 Tex, and the density of the precursor C is 33 to 220 Tex.

[0025] Alkali-soluble fiber is water-soluble copolyester.

[0026] The easily hydrolyzable fiber is a sea-island fiber, the sea component of which is a water-soluble copolyester and the island component is a nylon fiber.

[0027] The terminal carboxyl content of the water-soluble copolyester is 30 to 35 mmol / kg, and the dissolution rate at 100° C. is 0.1 to 1 g / min.

[0028] The plying method in step S1 is network plying, elastic plying or machine-wrapped plying.

[0029] During the network plying, the compressed air pressure is set to 1-4 kg / cm 2 ,The number of network nodes is set to 30 to 200 nodes / m.

[0030] During the texturing process, the oven temperature is set at 130-190°C. The texturing process can achieve an elongation at break of 30±5% and a rebound rate of >90%. False twisting imparts elasticity to the composite fibers, controlling the shrinkage difference between high- and low-shrinkage fibers to above 15%.

[0031] In the machine-wrapped plying, the original yarn B and the original yarn C are firstly plyed together through a network or stretch plying to form a ply yarn, and then the ply yarn is used as the outer layer and the original yarn A is used as the core layer to form a covered yarn structure.

[0032] Example 1: Water-soluble polyester (carboxyl end content 30 mmol / kg) was used as precursor A, with a density of 33 Tex. High-shrinkage polyester FDY (shrinkage 70%) was used as precursor B, with a density of 100 Tex. Low-shrinkage polyester (shrinkage 6%) was used as precursor C, with a density of 33 Tex. These three precursors were twisted together to form a composite fiber yarn. During the twisting process, the compressed air pressure was set at 4 kg / cm 2 The number of network nodes was set at 200 / m. The composite fiber yarn was woven into a grey fabric. The fabric was deweighted using a 20% NaOH solution at 100°C for 45 minutes. Heat-setting was performed using a setting machine at 175°C. The fabric achieved a porosity of 80%.

[0033] Example 2: A composite fiber (the sea component is COPET, with a carboxyl end content of 35 mmol / kg; the island component is ultrafine nylon) is used as precursor A, with a density of 110 tex. A high-shrinkage polyester FDY (shrinkage of 20%) is used as precursor B, with a density of 11 tex. A low-shrinkage polyester (shrinkage of 10%) is used as precursor C, with a density of 220 tex. These three precursors are then ply-woven to form a composite fiber yarn. During ply-woven, the compressed air pressure is set at 1 kg / cm 2 The number of network nodes was set at 30 / m. The composite fiber yarn was woven into a fabric. The fabric was deweighted using hot water at 100°C for 15 minutes. Heat-setting was performed using a setting machine at 170°C. The porosity of the fabric reached 85%.

[0034] Example 3: Sea-island fiber (the sea component is COPET, with a carboxyl end group content of 32 mmol / kg; the island component is ultrafine nylon) was used as precursor A, with a density of 50 tex. High-shrinkage polyester FDY (shrinkage of 25%) was used as precursor B, with a density of 80 tex. Polyester POY (triangular cross-section, shrinkage of 6%) was used as precursor C, with a density of 90 tex. These three precursors were stretched and ply-stranded to form a composite fiber yarn. During the stretching and plying process, the oven temperature was set at 130°C. The composite fiber yarn was woven into a fabric. The fabric was then deweighted using hot water at 100°C for 17 minutes. Heat-setting was performed using a setting machine at 170°C. The fabric had a porosity of 80%.

[0035] Example 4: Water-soluble polyester (carboxyl end content 30 mmol / kg) was used as precursor A, with a density of 70 Tex. High-shrinkage polyester FDY (shrinkage 30%) was used as precursor B, with a density of 60 Tex. Low-shrinkage polyester (shrinkage 10%) was used as precursor C, with a density of 110 Tex. These three precursors were stretched and ply-stranded to form a composite fiber yarn. During the stretching and plying process, the oven temperature was set at 190°C. The composite fiber yarn was woven into a fabric. The fabric was then deweighted using a 20% NaOH solution at 100°C for 40 minutes. Heat-setting was performed using a setting machine at 175°C. The resulting fabric had a porosity of 82%.

[0036] Regarding the contents disclosed in the present invention, the following points need to be explained: (1) The embodiments disclosed in the present invention are merely examples, and any technical solution implemented by other equivalent alternative technical means shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention; (2) In the absence of conflict, the technical features disclosed in the present invention may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments; The above are only specific implementation methods disclosed in the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art after modifying or transforming certain technical features based on the contents disclosed in the present invention should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with different shrinkage, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Joint stock; Alkali-soluble fiber or easily hydrolyzable fiber is used as raw yarn A, high shrinkage fiber is used as raw yarn B, low shrinkage fiber is used as raw yarn C, and raw yarn A, raw yarn B, and raw yarn C are combined and twisted to make composite fiber yarn for weaving; S2: weaving; weaving the composite fiber yarn prepared in S1 into a grey cloth using a loom; S3: weight reduction treatment; dissolving the raw silk A in the grey cloth; S4: Shaping and finishing; use a shaping machine for heat setting processing.

2. The method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with different shrinkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shrinkage rate of the precursor B is 20-70%, and the shrinkage rate of the precursor C is 6-10%.

3. The method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with differential shrinkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density of the precursor A is 33-110 Tex, the density of the precursor B is 11-100 Tex, and the density of the precursor C is 33-220 Tex.

4. The method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with differential shrinkage according to claim 1, wherein: The alkali-soluble fiber is water-soluble copolyester.

5. The method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with differential shrinkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The easily hydrolyzable fiber is a sea-island fiber, the sea component of which is a water-soluble copolyester and the island component is a nylon fiber.

6. The method for preparing a differentially shrinkage composite fiber fabric according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The terminal carboxyl content of the water-soluble copolyester is 30 to 35 mmol / kg.

7. The method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with differential shrinkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plying method in step S1 is network plying, elastic plying or machine-wrapped plying.

8. The method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with differential shrinkage according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the network plying, the compressed air pressure is set to 1-4 kg / cm 2 ,The number of network nodes is set to 30 to 200 nodes / m.

9. The method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with differential shrinkage according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the stretching and plying process, the oven temperature is set at 130-190°C.

10. The method for preparing a composite fiber fabric with differential shrinkage according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the machine-wrapped plying, the original yarn B and the original yarn C are firstly plyed through a network or a stretch ply to form a ply yarn, and then the ply yarn is used as the outer layer and the original yarn A is used as the core layer to form a covered yarn structure.

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