Ventilator exhalation control gas circuit and control method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of breathing machine, disclose a kind of breathing machine exhalation control gas path and control method, comprising: exhalation gas path, airflow generation gas path and overflow control pressure gas path, one end of exhalation gas path is connected with the exhalation port of ventilation gas path, its other end selectively with the air intake side of inspiration control part and the one end of overflow control pressure gas path is communicated;One end of airflow generation gas path selectively with the air intake side of inspiration control part and the atmosphere is communicated, its other end selectively with the air intake side of inspiration control part and the one end of overflow control pressure gas path is communicated, the other end of overflow control pressure gas path and the atmosphere is communicated.In ventilation exhalation phase, exhalation gas pressure control can be carried out, realizes positive end-expiratory pressure, working zero oxygen consumption;In ventilation inspiration phase, realize inspiration airflow or inspiration gas pressure locking, realize the characteristics of constant airway pressure, guarantee ventilation stability;When inspiration control part fails, airflow generation gas path is used as backup to ventilate, guarantee use safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ventilator technology, and more specifically, to a ventilator expiratory control airway and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing ventilators are generally positive pressure ventilation ventilators, which are usually equipped with an expiratory control circuit. The expiratory control circuit typically consists of a control unit that works in conjunction with the positive pressure ventilation circuit, an execution terminal expiratory valve, and connecting tubing.

[0003] The main functions of expiratory airway control are:

[0004] During the positive pressure inspiratory phase, the inspiratory airflow is locked or pressure-limited to prevent airflow at normal ventilatory pressure from escaping through the expiratory pathway. This can be achieved through airflow locking, where all airflow flows into the patient; or through pressure limiting, where airflow at a preset pressure flows into the patient, and airflow exceeding this pressure is expelled. The latter is more adaptable to ventilatory function development and is safer, enabling the maintenance of constant airway pressure characteristics and ensuring pressure control while following the patient's re-inspiratory needs.

[0005] During the patient's expiratory phase, the system ensures that the expiratory airflow passes smoothly through the expiratory control system. It usually also includes an additional expiratory pressure control function, which can generate positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). This function allows doctors to set it according to the patient's condition to prevent some patients' alveoli from collapsing during exhalation, or to prevent some patients' airways from closing during exhalation, or to prevent the patient's respiratory organs from working in a state of poor compliance.

[0006] Common expiratory control methods include: passive pneumatic expiratory control devices, controllable pneumatic expiratory control devices, and controllable electromagnetic expiratory control devices.

[0007] The passive pneumatic expiratory control method utilizes the changes in positive pressure during the inspiratory and expiratory phases of ventilation, and through the structural valve diaphragm design, it can perform the functions of inspiratory locking and expiratory opening.

[0008] There are two common methods for controllable pneumatic exhalation control. One method usually uses the oxygen source that comes with the ventilator as the control power. By controlling the oxygen flow rate, pressure is taken from the front end of a specially designed overflow port to control the exhalation valve. The other method is to introduce the pressure of the main ventilation turbine into the exhalation valve through the air circuit design in the turbine ventilator to achieve the effect of pressure control.

[0009] The controllable electromagnetic exhalation control method uses electromagnetic force to generate set inhalation and exhalation locking pressures, and the pressure is controlled by the magnitude of the current.

[0010] The above-mentioned expiratory control methods also have the following disadvantages:

[0011] Passive pneumatic exhalation control, although simple in structure and low in cost, has limited functionality and is currently mainly used in artificial ventilation devices and simpler ventilators, which cannot meet the ventilation settings and monitoring requirements of more respiratory processes.

[0012] Controllable pneumatic exhalation control through oxygen control is a comprehensive function, but it has many structural components, and its function is limited by the oxygen source supply, which increases oxygen consumption. In certain scenarios, medical oxygen is scarce, and the disadvantages of ventilators are particularly prominent when used in scenarios without central oxygen supply.

[0013] By utilizing the controllable pneumatic exhalation control method of the main ventilation turbine, it can be used in the absence of an oxygen source and has a simple structure. However, since the main ventilation turbine cannot control the air flow and pressure at the same time, this method is difficult to solve the problem of following the patient's active inhalation needs while controlling the pressure ventilation, that is, to achieve the characteristic of ensuring constant airway pressure.

[0014] Controllable electromagnetic exhalation control solves the oxygen consumption problem and ensures constant airway pressure characteristics; however, compared with pneumatic methods, its waterproof and cleanliness requirements are usually more stringent, requiring the design of complex and precise structures; moreover, the technical characteristics of electromagnetic control usually require that the moving parts be placed inside the ventilator, which increases its complexity and reduces its reliability in order to prevent exhalation contamination; at the same time, it generally increases the size of the ventilator main unit, which is not conducive to the transfer of the ventilator.

[0015] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a ventilator expiratory control airway and control method to at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0016] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. The summary section of this invention is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0017] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a ventilator expiratory control airway, comprising: an expiratory airway, an airflow generating airway, and an overflow pressure control airway. One end of the expiratory airway is connected to the expiratory port of the ventilation airway, and the other end is selectively connected to the outlet side of the inspiratory control unit and one end of the overflow pressure control airway. One end of the airflow generating airway is selectively connected to the inlet side of the inspiratory control unit and the outside atmosphere, and the other end is selectively connected to the outlet side of the inspiratory control unit and one end of the overflow pressure control airway. The other end of the overflow pressure control airway is connected to the outside atmosphere.

[0018] Preferably, the airflow generating air path includes: an airflow generator, whose air inlet is connected to the air inlet side of the intake control unit and the outside atmosphere through a first selection switch, and whose air outlet is connected to the air outlet side of the intake control unit and one end of the overflow pressure control air path through a second selection switch.

[0019] Preferably, the airflow generator is one of a turbine, a fan, a peristaltic pump, a reciprocating cylinder pump, or a gear pump.

[0020] Preferably, the expiratory airway includes: a first control valve, a first throttle valve, a first pressure sensor, a safety control valve, and an expiratory valve connected in sequence; the expiratory valve is connected to the expiratory port of the ventilation airway, and the first control valve is connected to the outlet side of the inhalation control unit and one end of the overflow pressure control airway, respectively.

[0021] Preferably, the overflow pressure control airway includes a second throttle valve, one end of which is connected to the exhalation airway and the airflow generating airway, and the other end is connected to the outside atmosphere.

[0022] A method for controlling the expiratory control airway of a ventilator includes:

[0023] During the inspiratory phase of ventilation, switch to inspiratory flow lock mode or inspiratory pressure lock mode to provide inspiratory flow for the patient during the inspiratory phase.

[0024] During the expiratory phase of ventilation, switch to expiratory pressure control mode to achieve positive end-expiratory pressure during the patient's expiratory phase.

[0025] Preferably, during the inspiratory phase of ventilation, when it is necessary to switch to the inspiratory flow lock mode, one end of the expiratory airway is connected to the expiratory port of the ventilation airway, and the other end is connected to the outlet side of the inspiratory control unit.

[0026] Preferably, during the inspiratory phase of ventilation, when it is necessary to switch to the inspiratory pressure lock mode, one end of the expiratory airway is connected to the expiratory port of the ventilation airway, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway. One end of the airflow generating airway is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway.

[0027] Preferably, during the expiratory phase of ventilation, when it is necessary to switch to the expiratory pressure control mode, one end of the expiratory airway is connected to the expiratory port of the ventilation airway, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway. One end of the airflow generating airway is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway, thereby achieving positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0028] Preferably, when the inhalation control unit malfunctions, one end of the airflow generating path is connected to the air inlet side of the inhalation control unit, and the other end is connected to the air outlet side of the inhalation control unit. One end of the exhalation path is connected to the exhalation port of the ventilation path, and the other end is selectively connected to the air outlet side of the inhalation control unit or one end of the overflow pressure control path.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The ventilator expiratory control airway and control method described in this invention can control expiratory pressure during the expiratory phase of ventilation, achieving positive end-expiratory pressure and zero oxygen consumption during operation; during the inspiratory phase of ventilation, it can lock inspiratory airflow or inspiratory pressure, ensuring constant airway pressure and guaranteeing stable ventilation for the patient; in the event of a malfunction in the inspiratory control unit, it can also provide ventilation through the airflow generation airway as a backup airway, ensuring the safety of ventilator use and buying time for medical staff to handle the situation.

[0031] The ventilator expiratory control airway and control method of the present invention, other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the expiratory control airway of the ventilator described in this invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the expiratory control airway of the ventilator described in this invention, in the inspiratory airflow lock mode during the ventilatory and inspiratory phases.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the expiratory control airway of the ventilator described in this invention, in the inspiratory pressure lockout mode during the inspiratory phase of ventilation.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the expiratory pressure control mode of the ventilator expiratory control circuit of the present invention during the expiratory phase of ventilation.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ventilator expiratory control circuit of the present invention, in which the airflow generating circuit is used as a backup circuit when the inspiratory control unit fails.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the control method for the expiratory control airway of the ventilator according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0040] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an expiratory control airway for a ventilator, comprising: an expiratory airway 1, an airflow generating airway 2, and an overflow pressure control airway 3. One end of the expiratory airway 1 is connected to the expiratory port 41 of the ventilation airway 4, and the other end is selectively connected to the outlet side of the inspiratory control unit 53 and one end of the overflow pressure control airway 3. One end of the airflow generating airway 2 is selectively connected to the inlet side of the inspiratory control unit 53 and the outside atmosphere 6, and the other end is selectively connected to the outlet side of the inspiratory control unit 53 and one end of the overflow pressure control airway 3. The other end of the overflow pressure control airway 3 is connected to the outside atmosphere 6.

[0042] The ventilation circuit 4 has an inspiratory port 42 connected to the inspiratory control circuit 5, an expiratory port 41 connected to the expiratory control circuit, and an airway port 43 for patient ventilation. The ventilation circuit 4 has three connection ports: inspiratory port 42, expiratory port 41, and airway port 43. One of the following can be connected to the airway port 43: a face mask, endotracheal tube, nasal cannula, head mask, or nasal mask. Near the patient, the airway containing the airway port 43 is also equipped with a proximal pressure sensor, a proximal flow sensor, and an end-tidal carbon dioxide detector.

[0043] The inhalation control airway 5 includes: a ventilation air source 51, a ventilation control module 52, an inhalation control unit 53, a safety valve 54, a ventilation monitoring sensor 55, a ventilation check valve 56, and a ventilation filter 57 connected in sequence. The ventilation filter 57 is connected to the inhalation port 42 of the ventilation airway 4. The safety valve 54 can form a passage in the event of an accidental power failure, so that the patient's inhalation is not obstructed.

[0044] The intake control unit 53 uses a turbine, and the ventilation monitoring sensor 55 includes one or more combinations of a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, and a gas concentration sensor, wherein the gas concentration sensor includes at least an oxygen concentration sensor and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor.

[0045] During the inspiratory phase of ventilation, either the inspiratory flow lock mode or the inspiratory pressure lock mode can be selected to prevent the normal ventilatory pressure airflow from being discharged from expiratory pathway 1; during the expiratory phase of ventilation, the expiratory pressure control mode is used to achieve positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, when the inspiratory airflow lock mode is selected, one end of the expiratory airway 1 is connected to the expiratory port 41 of the ventilation airway 4, and the other end is connected to the outlet side of the inspiratory control unit 53, that is... Figure 2 As shown by the solid line, there is no airflow in the airflow generation path 2, and all the airflow in the inspiratory control path 5 flows to the patient to prevent the airflow at normal ventilation pressure from being discharged from the expiratory path 1.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, when the inspiratory pressure lock mode is selected, one end of the expiratory airway 1 is connected to the expiratory port 41 of the ventilation airway 4, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3. One end of the airflow generating airway 2 is connected to the outside atmosphere 6, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3. Figure 3 As shown by the solid line, the inspiratory control airway 5 provides the patient with an airflow at a preset pressure. If the airflow pressure provided to the patient exceeds the preset pressure, the airflow will pass through the expiratory airway 1 and be discharged from the overflow pressure control airway 3. If the airflow discharged from the expiratory airway 1 and the overflow pressure control airway 3 causes the airflow pressure provided to the patient to be less than the preset pressure, the flow rate of the gas discharged from the overflow pressure control airway 3 will be adjusted (e.g., adjusting the opening of the corresponding throttle valve), or a low-pressure airflow (the pressure of the low-pressure airflow is less than or equal to the airflow pressure discharged from the expiratory airway 1) will be provided to the expiratory airway 1 through the airflow generating airway 2 to reduce or prevent the gas from being discharged from the overflow pressure control airway 3, ensuring that the airflow pressure provided to the patient is maintained at the preset pressure, ensuring constant airway pressure, and improving the stability of the gas supply to the patient.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, during the expiratory phase of ventilation, an expiratory pressure control mode is used. One end of the expiratory airway 1 is connected to the expiratory port 41 of the ventilation airway 4, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3. One end of the airflow generating airway 2 is connected to the outside atmosphere 6, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3. Figure 4 The solid line shown indicates that during the end of expiration, a low-pressure airflow is generated through the airflow generating passage 2. Part of the airflow is discharged from the overflow pressure control passage 3, and part of the airflow is used to maintain the pressure of the expiratory passage 1 at the set pressure to achieve positive end-expiratory pressure. The pressure provided by the airflow generating passage 2 to the expiratory passage 1 is controlled by adjusting the airflow flow rate discharged from the overflow pressure control passage 3 or adjusting the airflow flow rate generated by the airflow generating passage 2 to achieve positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0049] When the inspiratory control unit 53 malfunctions and cannot provide airflow to the patient, the airflow generating airway 2 is used as a backup airway.

[0050] During the inspiratory phase of ventilation, such as Figure 5As shown, the airflow generating path 2 is switched so that one end is connected to the inlet side of the inhalation control unit 53, and the other end is connected to the outlet side of the inhalation control unit 53. The exhalation path 1 is connected to the exhalation port 41 of the ventilation path 4, and the other end is connected to the outlet side of the inhalation control unit 53. Figure 5 The solid line portion shown bypasses the inspiratory control unit 53 and provides airflow through the airflow generating air path 2. The ventilation air source 51 passes sequentially through the ventilation control module 52, the airflow generating air path 2, the safety valve 54, the ventilation monitoring sensor 55, the ventilation check valve 56, and the ventilation filter 57, which can realize the inspiratory airflow locking mode, that is, all the airflow flows to the patient, thus supplying air to the patient.

[0051] During the expiratory phase, such as Figure 4 As shown, the expiratory pressure control mode can still be used. One end of the expiratory airway 1 is connected to the expiratory port 41 of the ventilation airway 4, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3. One end of the airflow generating airway 2 is connected to the outside atmosphere 6, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3. Figure 4 The solid line portion is shown.

[0052] Through the above-described airway design, expiratory pressure control can be performed during the expiratory phase of ventilation, achieving positive end-expiratory pressure and zero oxygen consumption during operation; during the inspiratory phase of ventilation, inspiratory airflow locking or inspiratory pressure locking can be achieved, ensuring a constant airway pressure and guaranteeing the stability of ventilation for patients; in the event of a malfunction in the inspiratory control unit 53, ventilation can also be provided through the airflow generation airway 2 as a backup airway, ensuring the safety of ventilator use and buying time for medical staff to handle the situation.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the airflow generating air path 2 includes: an airflow generator 21, whose air inlet is connected to the air intake side of the intake control unit 53 and the outside atmosphere 6 through a first selection switch 22, and whose air outlet is connected to the air outlet side of the intake control unit 53 and one end of the overflow pressure control air path 3 through a second selection switch 23.

[0054] Furthermore, the airflow generator 21 is one of a turbine, a fan, a peristaltic pump, a reciprocating cylinder pump, or a gear pump.

[0055] Both the first selector switch 22 and the second selector switch 23 are high-flow two-position three-way valves. The first selector switch 22 can connect one end of the airflow generator 21 to the outside atmosphere 6 or to the air intake side of the intake control unit 53. The second selector switch 23 can connect the other end of the airflow generator 21 to the air outlet side of the intake control unit 53 or to the overflow pressure control air circuit 3.

[0056] like Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, the exhalation airway 1 includes: a first control valve 11, a first throttle valve 12, a first pressure sensor 13, a safety control valve 14, and an exhalation valve 15 connected in sequence; the exhalation valve 15 is connected to the exhalation port 41 of the ventilation airway 4, and the first control valve 11 is connected to the outlet side of the inhalation control unit 53 and one end of the overflow pressure control airway 3, respectively.

[0057] The first control valve 11 and the safety control valve 14 are both two-position three-way valves. One end of the safety control valve 14 is connected to the outside atmosphere 6, and the exhalation valve 15 is a diaphragm valve.

[0058] The first throttle valve 12 is used to regulate the airflow rate of the expiratory airway 1, the first pressure sensor 13 is used to monitor the air pressure of the expiratory airway 1, the safety control valve 14 can switch to be connected to the outside atmosphere 6 in case of accidental power failure, thereby ensuring that the patient can exhale, the expiratory valve 15 is connected to the expiratory port 41 to ensure that the patient can exhale; the other end of the expiratory airway 1 can be connected to the outlet side of the inhalation control unit 53 through the first control valve 11, or the other end of the expiratory airway 1 can be connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the overflow pressure control airway 3 includes: a second throttle valve 31, one end of which is connected to the exhalation airway 1 and the airflow generating airway 2 respectively, and the other end is connected to the outside atmosphere 6.

[0060] The second throttle valve 31 is used to regulate the airflow rate discharged from the overflow pressure control airway 3, so that the airway pressure during inhalation or exhalation can be regulated through the overflow pressure control airway 3, ensuring the stability and safety of ventilation for patients.

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for the expiratory control airway of a ventilator, comprising:

[0062] During the inspiratory phase of ventilation, switch to inspiratory flow lock mode or inspiratory pressure lock mode to provide inspiratory flow for the patient during the inspiratory phase.

[0063] During the expiratory phase of ventilation, switch to expiratory pressure control mode to achieve positive end-expiratory pressure during the patient's expiratory phase.

[0064] When starting ventilation, you can select either the inspiratory flow lock mode or the inspiratory pressure lock mode, and then perform inspiratory phase control to maintain a constant airway pressure. When entering the expiratory phase, switch to the expiratory pressure control mode to perform expiratory phase control and achieve positive end-expiratory pressure. If the patient needs to continue ventilation, this cycle is repeated to ventilate the patient. When the patient no longer needs to continue ventilation, ventilation is stopped.

[0065] like Figure 2As shown, further, during the inspiratory phase of ventilation, when it is necessary to switch to the inspiratory flow lock mode, one end of the expiratory airway 1 is connected to the expiratory port 41 of the ventilation airway 4, and the other end is connected to the outlet side of the inspiratory control unit 53.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, further, during the inspiratory phase of ventilation, when it is necessary to switch to the inspiratory pressure lock mode, one end of the expiratory airway 1 is connected to the expiratory port 41 of the ventilation airway 4, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3. One end of the airflow generating airway 2 is connected to the outside atmosphere 6, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, further, during the expiratory phase, when it is necessary to switch to the expiratory pressure control mode, one end of the expiratory airway 1 is connected to the expiratory port 41 of the ventilatory airway 4, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3. One end of the airflow generating airway 2 is connected to the outside atmosphere 6, and the other end is connected to the overflow pressure control airway 3, thereby achieving positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0068] The above control method enables the selection of inspiratory flow lock mode and inspiratory pressure lock mode during the inspiratory phase, allowing for the selection of a suitable inspiratory mode and ensuring constant airway pressure to guarantee the stability of ventilation for patients. During the expiratory phase, the system can switch to expiratory pressure control mode to control expiratory pressure, achieving positive end-expiratory pressure and zero oxygen consumption.

[0069] In one embodiment, when the inhalation control unit 53 malfunctions, one end of the airflow generating passage 2 is connected to the inlet side of the inhalation control unit 53, and the other end is connected to the outlet side of the inhalation control unit 53. One end of the exhalation passage 1 is connected to the exhalation port 41 of the ventilation passage 4, and the other end is selectively connected to the outlet side of the inhalation control unit 53 or one end of the overflow pressure control passage 3.

[0070] When the intake control unit 53 malfunctions, the intake control air path 5 cannot actively generate airflow, so the airflow generating air path 2 is used as a backup airflow generating air path. During the intake phase, if... Figure 5 As shown, the airflow is powered by the airflow generating path 2. The ventilation air source 51 passes sequentially through the ventilation control module 52, the airflow generating path 2, the safety valve 54, the ventilation monitoring sensor 55, the ventilation check valve 56, and the ventilation filter 57 to reach the inspiratory port 42, thus providing ventilation for the patient and enabling an inspiratory airflow lock mode. During the expiratory phase, as... Figure 4 As shown, positive end-expiratory pressure can be achieved through airflow generation path 2;

[0071] Through the above design, when the inspiratory control unit 53 malfunctions, the airflow generation path 2 can be used to temporarily ventilate the patient, ensuring the safety of the ventilator and buying time for medical staff to handle the situation.

[0072] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0073] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A breathing machine exhalation control gas circuit, characterized by, The application relates to a ventilation and airway pressure control system, which comprises an exhalation air path (1), an air flow generation air path (2) and an overflow air pressure control air path (3), one end of the exhalation air path (1) is connected with an exhalation port (41) of a ventilation air path (4), and the other end is selectively communicated with an air outlet side of an inhalation control part (53) and one end of the overflow air pressure control air path (3); one end of the air flow generation air path (2) is selectively communicated with an air inlet side of the inhalation control part (53) and external atmosphere (6), and the other end is selectively communicated with the air outlet side of the inhalation control part (53) and one end of the overflow air pressure control air path (3), and the other end of the overflow air pressure control air path (3) is communicated with the external atmosphere (6); the exhalation air path (1) comprises a first control valve (11), a first throttle valve (12), a first air pressure sensor (13), a safety control valve (14) and an exhalation valve (15) which are sequentially connected; the exhalation valve (15) is connected with the exhalation port (41) of the ventilation air path (4), and the first control valve (11) is connected with the air outlet side of the inhalation control part (53) and one end of the overflow air pressure control air path (3) respectively; the first throttle valve (12) is used for adjusting the air flow of the exhalation air path (1), the first air pressure sensor (13) is used for monitoring the air pressure of the exhalation air path (1), the safety control valve (14) can be switched to be communicated with the external atmosphere (6) when power is unexpectedly cut off, so that the patient can exhale, the exhalation valve (15) is communicated with the exhalation port (41) and is used for enabling the patient to exhale, the first control valve (11) can make the other end of the exhalation air path (1) be communicated with the air outlet side of the inhalation control part (53) or make the other end of the exhalation air path (1) be communicated with the overflow air pressure control air path (3); the overflow air pressure control air path (3) comprises a second throttle valve (31), one end of the second throttle valve (31) is connected with the exhalation air path (1) and the air flow generation air path (2) respectively, and the other end is connected with the external atmosphere (6); the second throttle valve (31) is used for adjusting the air flow discharged by the overflow air pressure control air path (3), so that the airway pressure during inhalation or exhalation can be adjusted through the overflow air pressure control air path (3); the air flow generation air path (2) comprises an air flow generator (21), an air inlet of the air flow generator (21) is connected with the air inlet side of the inhalation control part (53) and the external atmosphere (6) through a first selection switch (22), and an air outlet of the air flow generator (21) is connected with the air outlet side of the inhalation control part (53) and one end of the overflow air pressure control air path (3) through a second selection switch (23); the air flow generator (21) is one of a turbine, a fan, a peristaltic pump, a reciprocating cylinder pump and a gear pump; the ventilation and airway pressure control system further comprises the following steps: when the ventilation and inhalation phase is in the ventilation and inhalation phase, the system is switched to an inhalation air flow locking mode or an inhalation air pressure locking mode to provide inhalation air flow for the patient in the inhalation stage; when the ventilation and exhalation phase is in the ventilation and exhalation phase, the system is switched to an exhalation air pressure control mode to realize positive end-expiratory pressure in the exhalation stage of the patient; when the ventilation and inhalation phase needs to be switched to the inhalation air flow locking mode, one end of the exhalation air path (1) is communicated with the exhalation port (41) of the ventilation air path (4), and the other end is communicated with the air outlet side of the inhalation control part (53). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. The ventilator exhalation control gas circuit of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The ventilator exhalation control gas circuit of claim 2, wherein, ​ 4. The ventilator exhalation control gas path of claim 1, wherein, ​ ​ ​ 5. The ventilator exhalation control gas path of claim 4, wherein, ​ 6. The ventilator exhalation control gas path of claim 4, wherein, In the ventilation inspiration phase, when switching to the inspiration pressure lock mode is needed, one end of the expiration gas path (1) is communicated with the expiration port (41) of the ventilation gas path (4), the other end is communicated with the overflow pressure control gas path (3), one end of the gas flow generating path (2) is communicated with the external atmosphere (6), the other end is communicated with the overflow pressure control gas path (3).

7. The ventilator exhalation control gas path of claim 4, wherein, In the ventilation expiration phase, when switching to the expiration pressure control mode is needed, one end of the expiration gas path (1) is communicated with the expiration port (41) of the ventilation gas path (4), the other end is communicated with the overflow pressure control gas path (3), one end of the gas flow generating path (2) is communicated with the external atmosphere (6), the other end is communicated with the overflow pressure control gas path (3), realizing the positive pressure at the end of expiration.

8. The ventilator exhalation control gas path of claim 4, wherein, When the inspiration control part (53) fails, one end of the gas flow generating path (2) is communicated with the gas inlet side of the inspiration control part (53), the other end is communicated with the gas outlet side of the inspiration control part (53), one end of the expiration gas path (1) is connected with the expiration port (41) of the ventilation gas path (4), the other end is selectively communicated with the gas outlet side of the inspiration control part (53) or one end of the overflow pressure control gas path (3). When the inspiration control part (53) fails, one end of the gas flow generating path (2) is communicated with the gas inlet side of the inspiration control part (53), the other end is communicated with the gas outlet side of the inspiration control part (53), one end of the expiration gas path (1) is connected with the expiration port (41) of the ventilation gas path (4), the other end is selectively communicated with the gas outlet side of the inspiration control part (53) or one end of the overflow pressure control gas path (3).

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