Civil construction foundation pit anti-sloughing supporting device and mounting and adjusting method

Abstract

The invention provides a civil construction foundation pit anti-sloughing supporting device and a mounting and adjusting method.The supporting device is formed by combining a plurality of supporting units, each supporting unit comprises two oppositely-arranged supporting plates, and an electric telescopic cylinder is horizontally arranged between the two supporting plates; one end of the electric telescopic cylinder is connected with the supporting plate on one side, a first pressure sensor is arranged on the connecting face, a second pressure sensor is arranged on the outer side, close to the foundation pit wall, of the supporting plate on the other side, a siphon drainage device is arranged on the top of one supporting plate, and every two adjacent supporting units are connected through a tensioning mechanism. The two adjacent supporting plates can tightly abut against each other through the tensioning mechanism, the situation that the side wall of a foundation pit is uneven and water seepage occurs due to gaps is avoided, rapid drainage of the foundation pit can be achieved through the siphoning effect, and during installation, the supporting plates can be installed conveniently. The supporting strength of the two supporting plates can be automatically adjusted according to the foundation pit side wall pressure, displacement and underground water level data collected in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit anti-collapse, and in particular to a civil engineering construction foundation pit anti-collapse support device and an installation and adjustment method. Background Art

[0002] When the foundation pit is excavated, it needs to be supported. The safety of underground structure construction and the surrounding environment of the foundation pit is guaranteed through foundation pit support, and support, reinforcement and protection measures are adopted for the side walls of the foundation pit and the surrounding environment.

[0003] The existing foundation pit support devices all include support plates and support frames, which are tightly attached to the foundation pit walls through the support plates and supported by the support frames. The existing support devices have poor stability of the support plates and poor support effect; and during disassembly and assembly, the operation is extremely cumbersome, which is not conducive to the transportation and secondary use of the support frames; in order to increase the support effect of the support plates and the convenience of disassembly and assembly, the patent with publication number CN216586587U discloses a civil construction foundation pit anti-collapse support device, including a left support plate, a right support plate, an adjustable support structure and a first fixing bolt, the left and right support plates are respectively tightly attached to the opposite foundation pit walls, and the two support plates are supported at the same time by adjusting the support structure. The support device has the advantages of stable support and easy installation and operation.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned support device cannot effectively drain water when in use, and it is easy to cause a large amount of water to accumulate inside the foundation pit in rainy weather, which is not conducive to subsequent construction. A large amount of accumulated water will also cause the foundation pit structure to be unstable and there is a risk of foundation pit collapse; secondly, there is no reinforcement device between the two adjacent support devices, which may easily lead to gaps between the two adjacent support plates, causing the side walls of the foundation pit to be unable to align due to pressure, and then causing the side walls of the foundation pit to be uneven.

[0005] In addition, the adjustment support structure of the above-mentioned support device cannot be controlled during adjustment, and the adjustment effect cannot be guaranteed. The support strength of the two support plates cannot be controlled, and excessive support or insufficient support is prone to occur. Excessive support or insufficient support will cause the foundation pit wall to collapse. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a civil construction foundation pit anti-collapse support device and an installation and adjustment method. The support device can not only ensure support stability, but also achieve good drainage in the foundation pit. Through calculation and adjustment, the problem of excessive support or insufficient support can be avoided during installation.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a civil construction foundation pit anti-collapse support device, which is composed of a plurality of support units, each support unit including two opposing support plates, an electric telescopic cylinder horizontally arranged between the two support plates, one end of the electric telescopic cylinder being connected to one of the support plates, and a first pressure sensor being provided on the connection surface, and a second pressure sensor being provided on the outer side of the support plate on the other side adjacent to the foundation pit wall, a siphon drainage device being provided on the top of one of the support plates, and two adjacent support units being connected by a tensioning mechanism;

[0008] The siphon drainage device includes an air suction box fixedly connected to the top of one of the support plates, a liquid suction pipe and a liquid discharge pipe fixedly connected to the bottom of the air suction box, the liquid suction pipe is located between the two support plates, and its bottom end extends vertically downward to the lower part of the support plate, and a filter is provided at the bottom end of the washing liquid pipe. The liquid discharge pipe is located on the outside of the support plate away from the liquid suction pipe, and a liquid suction device is provided in the air suction box;

[0009] The tightening mechanism includes a fastening threaded barrel and two fixing plates. Both ends of the fastening threaded barrel are threadedly connected with fastening threaded rods. The two fixing plates are respectively fixed on two adjacent support plates on the same side. The ends of the two fastening threaded rods away from the fastening threaded barrel are connected to the fixing plates on the corresponding sides.

[0010] A better technical solution of the present invention: the support device also includes a controller, and a laser displacement sensor and a liquid level sensor are installed on the inner side of one side support plate away from the foundation pit wall. The signal output ends of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the laser displacement sensor and the liquid level sensor are all disconnected from the signal input end of the controller, and the signal output end of the controller is connected to the control end of the electric telescopic cylinder; a support force adjustment unit is provided in the controller, and the support force adjustment unit controls the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic cylinder according to the real-time collected foundation pit side wall pressure, displacement and groundwater level data, and automatically adjusts the support force of the two support plates.

[0011] The better technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the liquid suction device includes a piston plate, which is slidably connected in the air suction box, and a rubber ring is provided on the outer ring side wall of the piston plate. The upper side of the piston plate is fixedly connected to a sliding rod, and the sliding rod passes through the upper side wall of the air suction box. The upper end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to a top plate, and a spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and the two ends of the spring respectively rest on the top plate and the side wall of the air suction box; the port of the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a detachable sealing cover, and the lower end of the liquid suction pipe extends to the bottom end of the support plate.

[0012] A better technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the other end of each fastening threaded rod is fixedly connected to an insert plate, and a slot that matches the shape of the insert plate is opened on the top of each fixing plate, and a strip groove is opened on the side wall of the slot, and the width of the strip groove is adapted to the diameter of the fastening threaded rod; the two fastening threaded rods are respectively inserted into the slots on the corresponding side fixing plates through the insert plates at the ends.

[0013] A better technical solution of the present invention is as follows: both ends of each support plate are provided with a rubber layer, the bottom end of each support plate is fixedly connected to a plurality of insertion rods, and the bottom end of each insertion rod is tapered.

[0014] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: a foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit is provided in the controller, and the foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit is used to assess the foundation pit collapse risk according to a risk assessment formula.

[0015] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention also provides a method for installing and adjusting a foundation pit anti-collapse support device for civil engineering construction, which is characterized in that it specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Multiple support units are placed and installed in the foundation pit. The two support plates of each support unit are close to the two opposite side walls of the foundation pit. The adjacent support plates of two adjacent support units on the same side are tightened and connected by a tensioning mechanism.

[0017] S2. The support pressure K of the two support plates is collected in real time by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor set on the support plate. t and the pit side wall stress σ t , the laser displacement sensor is used to collect the displacement increment μ of the two relative support plates in real time t The extension and retraction of the electric telescopic cylinder is controlled by the dynamic adjustment formula of the support stiffness to achieve dynamic adjustment of the support strength of the two support plates. The dynamic adjustment formula of the support stiffness is:

[0018]

[0019] K t is the support strength at the current moment; K0 is the initial support strength; σ t is the current stress on the side wall of the foundation pit; σ max is the ultimate stress of the support plate material; μ t is the relative displacement increment of the two support plates; μ max is the allowable displacement threshold of the two support plates; α, β are weight coefficients;

[0020] S3. When water accumulates in the foundation pit, the water in the foundation pit is first introduced into the washing pipe through the liquid suction device. Then, under the action of siphon, the water in the foundation pit will be discharged from the liquid outlet pipe along the liquid suction pipe and the suction box, thereby realizing rapid drainage of the foundation pit.

[0021] A better technical solution of the present invention: In the S1 step, the process of tightening and connecting the two adjacent support plates on the same side is as follows: the plug-in plates at both ends of the fastening threaded barrel are respectively inserted into the fixed plates on the two adjacent support plates on the same side. After the plug-in plates are inserted into the slots on the fixed plates, the fastening threaded rods can slide to the bottom along the strip groove, and then the fastening threaded barrel is grasped and twisted, so that the two fastening threaded rods are close to each other and aligned, thereby making the two adjacent support plates tightly pressed together, thereby improving the sealing between the two adjacent support plates.

[0022] A further technical solution of the present invention is: in step S2, when adjusting the support strength of the two support plates, the water level h in the foundation pit is collected in real time by the liquid level sensor. t The foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit is used to assess the foundation pit collapse risk according to the risk assessment formula. The risk assessment formula is:

[0023]

[0024] R t is the risk assessment index, 0≤R t ≤1;h t is the current water level in the foundation pit; h max is the dangerous water level threshold; W1, W2, W3 are weight coefficients.

[0025] A better technical solution of the present invention: in the S3 step, the liquid suction device includes a piston plate, a sliding rod, a top plate and a spring; the working process of the washing device is as follows: grab the top plate and drive the piston plate down through the sliding rod. The piston plate descends to discharge the air in the suction box through the liquid suction pipe. After that, the piston plate rises again under the action of the spring, and the liquid suction pipe sucks the accumulated water in the foundation pit into the suction box through the liquid suction pipe. After that, the sealing cover at the bottom end of the liquid outlet pipe can be unscrewed. At this time, the accumulated water in the foundation pit will continue to be discharged from the liquid outlet pipe along the liquid suction pipe and the suction box under the action of siphon, thereby realizing rapid drainage of the foundation pit.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention can not only make two adjacent support plates tightly pressed together, improve the sealing between the two adjacent support plates, and avoid the occurrence of gaps causing uneven side walls of the foundation pit and water seepage, but also can continuously discharge the accumulated water in the foundation pit from the liquid outlet pipe along the suction pipe and the air suction box through the siphon effect, thereby realizing rapid drainage of the foundation pit.

[0028] 2. The present invention can dynamically adjust the support strength of the two support plates to avoid over-support or under-support. At the same time, the controller also assesses the risk of foundation pit collapse through the foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit. If the foundation pit collapse risk assessment index exceeds the preset threshold, the controller can issue an alarm.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the description, the following preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation methods of the present invention are given in detail by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-collapse support device for foundation pits in civil engineering construction according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a single support unit provided in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure between two fixed plates in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fastening threaded barrel and two fastening threaded rods in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed plate in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the top cross-sectional structure of a single support unit in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the suction box in the present invention.

[0039] In the attached figure:

[0040] 1. Fixing plate; 2. Fastening threaded rod; 3. Fastening threaded barrel; 4. Electric telescopic cylinder; 5. First pressure sensor; 6. Top plate; 7. Suction box; 8. Support plate; 9. Insert rod; 10. Rubber layer; 11. Insert plate; 12. Strip groove; 13. Slot; 14. Suction tube; 15. Sliding rod; 16. Spring; 17. Piston plate; 18. Liquid outlet pipe; 19. Sealing cover; 20. Laser displacement sensor; 21. Liquid level sensor; 22. Second pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples provided are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The following paragraphs describe the present invention in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not to exact scale, and are only used for the purpose of conveniently and clearly illustrating the embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 8 , an embodiment provides a civil construction foundation pit anti-collapse support device composed of a plurality of support units, each support unit includes two oppositely arranged support plates 8, each of the support plates 8 is provided with a rubber layer 10 at both ends, and the bottom end of each support plate 8 is fixedly connected to a plurality of insertion rods 9, the bottom end of each of the insertion rods 9 is tapered, which is convenient for insertion into the bottom surface of the foundation pit to fix the support plate 8; an electric telescopic cylinder 4 is horizontally arranged between the two support plates 8, one end of the electric telescopic cylinder 4 is connected to the support plate 8 on one side, and a first pressure sensor 5 is provided on the connecting surface, and a second pressure sensor 22 is provided on the outer side of the support plate 8 on the other side adjacent to the foundation pit wall, and a siphon drainage device is provided on the top of one of the support plates 8, and two adjacent support units are connected by a tensioning mechanism.

[0043] In the embodiment, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the siphon drainage device includes an air suction box 7 fixedly connected to the top of one of the support plates 8, and a liquid suction pipe 14 and a liquid outlet pipe 18 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the air suction box 7. The liquid suction pipe 14 is located between the two support plates 8, and its bottom end extends vertically downward to the lower part of the support plate, and a filter is provided at the bottom end of the washing liquid pipe 14. The liquid outlet pipe 18 is located on the outside of the support plate 8 away from the liquid suction pipe 14. A liquid suction device is provided in the air suction box 7; the liquid suction device includes a piston plate 17, and the piston plate 17 has a filter screen. It is slidably connected in the air suction box 7, and a rubber ring is provided on the outer side wall of the piston plate 17. A sliding rod 15 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the piston plate 17. The sliding rod 15 passes through the upper side wall of the air suction box 7. The upper end of the sliding rod 15 is fixedly connected to the top plate 6. A spring 16 is sleeved on the sliding rod 15, and the two ends of the spring 16 respectively rest on the top plate 6 and the side wall of the air suction box 7; the port of the liquid outlet pipe 18 is provided with a detachable sealing cover 19, and the lower end of the liquid suction pipe 14 extends to the bottom end of the support plate 8.

[0044] In the embodiment, Figures 3 to 6As shown, the tensioning mechanism includes a fastening threaded barrel 3 and two fixing plates 1. Both ends of the fastening threaded barrel 3 are threadedly connected to fastening threaded rods 2. The two fixing plates 1 are respectively fixed to two adjacent support plates 8 on the same side. The ends of the two fastening threaded rods 2 away from the fastening threaded barrel 3 are connected to the fixing plates 1 on the corresponding side. The other end of each fastening threaded rod 2 is fixedly connected to an insert plate 11, and the top of each fixing plate 1 is provided with a slot 13 that matches the shape of the insert plate 11. The side walls of the slot 13 are provided with a strip groove 12, the width of which matches the diameter of the fastening threaded rod 2; the two fastening threaded rods 2 are respectively inserted into the slots 13 on the fixing plates 1 on the corresponding sides through the insert plates 11 at the ends.

[0045] In an embodiment, the support device further includes a controller. A laser displacement sensor 20 and a liquid level sensor 21 are installed on the inner side of one of the support plates 8 away from the foundation pit wall. The signal output ends of the first pressure sensor 5, the second pressure sensor 22, the laser displacement sensor 20, and the liquid level sensor 21 are all disconnected from the signal input end of the controller, and the signal output end of the controller is connected to the control end of the electric telescopic cylinder 4. The controller is provided with a support force adjustment unit, which controls the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic cylinder 4 based on the real-time collected foundation pit side wall pressure, displacement, and groundwater level data, and automatically adjusts the support force of the two support plates 8. The controller is provided with a foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit, which is used to assess the foundation pit collapse risk according to the risk assessment formula.

[0046] The support force adjustment unit collects the support pressure K of the two support plates 8 in real time through the first pressure sensor 5, the second pressure sensor 22, the laser displacement sensor 20, and the liquid level sensor 21. t , pit side wall stress σ t , two 8 relative displacement increments μ t , groundwater level h t ; The electric telescopic cylinder 4 is controlled to extend and retract through the dynamic adjustment formula of the support stiffness, so as to dynamically adjust the support strength of the two support plates 8 to avoid excessive support or insufficient support; a foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit is provided in the controller, and the foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit is used to assess the foundation pit collapse risk according to the risk assessment formula.

[0047] The installation and adjustment method of the civil engineering foundation pit anti-collapse support device in the embodiment includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. First, the supporting plates 8 arranged opposite to each other can be placed in the foundation pit, so that the two supporting plates 8 arranged opposite to each other can adapt to the width of the foundation pit and can be pressed against the two side walls of the foundation pit. The adjacent supporting plates on the same side of the two adjacent supporting units are tightened and connected by a tensioning mechanism. Specifically, the inserting plates 11 at both ends of the fastening threaded cylinder 3 are respectively inserted into the fixing plates 1 on the two adjacent supporting plates 8. After the inserting plates 11 are inserted into the inserting plates 11 on the fixing plate 1, the fastening threaded rod 2 can slide to the bottom along the strip groove 12, and then the fastening threaded cylinder 3 is grasped and twisted so that the two fastening threaded rods 2 are close to each other and aligned, thereby making the two adjacent supporting plates 8 tightly pressed together, thereby improving the sealing between the two adjacent supporting plates 8;

[0049] S2. The support pressure K of the two support plates is collected in real time by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor set on the support plate. t and the pit side wall stress σ t , collect the h in the foundation pit in real time through the liquid level sensor t , the laser displacement sensor is used to collect the displacement increment μ of the two relative support plates in real time t The electric telescopic cylinder is controlled to extend and retract through the dynamic adjustment formula of the support stiffness, so as to dynamically adjust the support strength of the two support plates to avoid over-support or under-support. The dynamic adjustment formula of the support stiffness is:

[0050]

[0051] K t is the support strength at the current moment; K0 is the initial support strength; σ t is the current stress on the side wall of the foundation pit; σ max is the ultimate stress of the support plate material; μ t is the relative displacement increment of the two support plates; μ max is the allowable displacement threshold of the two support plates; α, β are weight coefficients;

[0052] When adjusting the support strength of the two support plates, the controller evaluates the foundation pit collapse risk through the foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit. If the foundation pit collapse risk assessment index R t If the preset threshold is exceeded, the controller can issue an alarm to facilitate the dispatch of personnel to investigate the risk. The risk assessment formula is:

[0053]

[0054] R t is the risk assessment index, 0≤R t ≤1;h t is the current water level in the foundation pit; h max is the dangerous water level threshold; W1, W2, W3 are weight coefficients.

[0055] S3. When water accumulates in the foundation pit, grab the top plate 6 and drive the piston plate 17 downward through the sliding rod 15. The piston plate 17 descends to discharge the air in the suction box 7 through the liquid suction pipe 14. After that, the piston plate 17 rises again under the action of the spring 16, and the liquid suction pipe 14 can suck the accumulated water in the foundation pit into the suction box 7 through the liquid suction pipe 14. Then, the sealing cover 19 at the bottom end of the liquid outlet pipe 18 can be unscrewed. At this time, the accumulated water in the foundation pit will continue to be discharged from the liquid outlet pipe 18 along the liquid suction pipe 14 and the suction box 7 under the action of siphon, thereby realizing rapid drainage of the foundation pit.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in this industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with this profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foundation pit anti-collapse support device for civil engineering construction, characterized by: The support device is composed of a plurality of support units, each support unit includes two support plates (8) arranged opposite to each other, an electric telescopic cylinder (4) is horizontally arranged between the two support plates (8), one end of the electric telescopic cylinder (4) is connected to the support plate (8) on one side, and a first pressure sensor (5) is provided on the connection surface, and a second pressure sensor (22) is provided on the outer side of the support plate (8) on the other side adjacent to the foundation pit wall, a siphon drainage device is provided on the top of one of the support plates (8), and two adjacent support units are connected by a tensioning mechanism; The siphon drainage device comprises an air suction box (7) fixedly connected to the top of one of the supporting plates (8); a liquid suction pipe (14) and a liquid discharge pipe (18) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the air suction box (7); the liquid suction pipe (14) is located between the two supporting plates (8); the bottom end thereof extends vertically downward to the lower part of the supporting plates; a filter screen is provided at the bottom end of the washing liquid pipe (14); the liquid discharge pipe (18) is located on the outer side of the supporting plate (8) away from the liquid suction pipe (14); and a liquid suction device is provided in the air suction box (7); The tensioning mechanism comprises a fastening threaded barrel (3) and two fixing plates (1), both ends of the fastening threaded barrel (3) are threadedly connected to fastening threaded rods (2), the two fixing plates (1) are respectively fixed to two adjacent support plates (8) on the same side, and the ends of the two fastening threaded rods (2) away from the fastening threaded barrel (3) are connected to the fixing plates (1) on the corresponding side.

2. The anti-collapse support device for foundation pits for civil engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support device further comprises a controller, wherein a laser displacement sensor (20) and a liquid level sensor (21) are installed on the inner side of one side support plate (8) away from the foundation pit wall, the signal output ends of the first pressure sensor (5), the second pressure sensor (22), the laser displacement sensor (20) and the liquid level sensor (21) are all disconnected from the signal input end of the controller, and the signal output end of the controller is connected to the control end of the electric telescopic cylinder (4); a support force adjustment unit is provided in the controller, and the support force adjustment unit controls the extension and contraction of the electric telescopic cylinder (4) based on the real-time collected foundation pit side wall pressure, displacement and groundwater level data, and automatically adjusts the support force of the two support plates (8).

3. A civil engineering foundation pit anti-collapse support device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The liquid suction device includes a piston plate (17), which is slidably connected to the air suction box (7), and a rubber ring is provided on the outer ring side wall of the piston plate (17). The upper side of the piston plate (17) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod (15), and the sliding rod (15) passes through the upper side wall of the air suction box (7). The upper end of the sliding rod (15) is fixedly connected to the top plate (6), and a spring (16) is sleeved on the sliding rod (15). The two ends of the spring (16) respectively abut against the top plate (6) and the side wall of the air suction box (7); the port of the liquid outlet pipe (18) is provided with a detachable sealing cover (19), and the lower end of the liquid suction pipe (14) extends to the bottom end of the support plate (8).

4. A civil engineering foundation pit anti-collapse support device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The other end of each fastening threaded rod (2) is fixedly connected to an inserting plate (11), and a slot (13) matching the shape of the inserting plate (11) is provided on the top of each fixing plate (1), and a strip groove (12) is provided on the side wall of the slot (13), and the width of the strip groove (12) matches the diameter of the fastening threaded rod (2); the two fastening threaded rods (2) are respectively inserted into the slots (13) on the corresponding side fixing plates (1) through the inserting plates (11) at the ends.

5. A civil engineering foundation pit anti-collapse support device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Both ends of each support plate (8) are provided with a rubber layer (10), and the bottom end of each support plate (8) is fixedly connected to a plurality of insertion rods (9), and the bottom end of each insertion rod (9) is arranged in a conical shape.

6. The anti-collapse support device for foundation pits for civil engineering construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller is provided with a foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit, which is used to assess the foundation pit collapse risk according to a risk assessment formula.

7. A method for installing and adjusting a foundation pit anti-collapse support device for civil engineering construction, characterized in that The specific steps include: S1. Multiple support units are placed and installed in the foundation pit. The two support plates of each support unit are close to the two opposite side walls of the foundation pit. The adjacent support plates of two adjacent support units on the same side are tightened and connected by a tensioning mechanism. S2. The support pressure K of the two support plates is collected in real time by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor set on the support plate. t and the pit side wall stress σ t , the laser displacement sensor is used to collect the displacement increment μ of the two relative support plates in real time t The extension and retraction of the electric telescopic cylinder is controlled by the dynamic adjustment formula of the support stiffness to achieve dynamic adjustment of the support strength of the two support plates. The dynamic adjustment formula of the support stiffness is: K t is the support strength at the current moment; K0 is the initial support strength; σ t is the current stress on the side wall of the foundation pit; σ max is the ultimate stress of the support plate material; μ t is the relative displacement increment of the two support plates; μ max is the allowable displacement threshold of the two support plates; α, β are weight coefficients; S3. When water accumulates in the foundation pit, the water in the foundation pit is first introduced into the washing pipe through the liquid suction device. Then, under the action of siphon, the water in the foundation pit will be discharged from the liquid outlet pipe along the liquid suction pipe and the suction box, thereby realizing rapid drainage of the foundation pit.

8. The installation and adjustment method of a foundation pit anti-collapse support device for civil engineering construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S1 step, the process of tightening and connecting the two adjacent support plates on the same side is as follows: the plug-in plates at both ends of the fastening threaded barrel are respectively inserted into the fixed plates on the two adjacent support plates on the same side. After the plug-in plates are inserted into the slots on the fixed plates, the fastening threaded rods can slide to the bottom along the strip groove, and then the fastening threaded barrel is grasped and twisted, so that the two fastening threaded rods are close to each other and aligned, thereby making the two adjacent support plates tightly pressed together, thereby improving the sealing between the two adjacent support plates.

9. The installation and adjustment method of a foundation pit anti-collapse support device for civil engineering construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, when adjusting the support strength of the two support plates, the water level h in the foundation pit is collected in real time through the liquid level sensor. t The foundation pit collapse risk assessment unit is used to assess the foundation pit collapse risk according to the risk assessment formula. The risk assessment formula is: R t is the risk assessment index, 0≤R t ≤1;h t is the current water level in the foundation pit; h max is the dangerous water level threshold; W1, W2, W3 are weight coefficients.

10. The installation and adjustment method of a foundation pit anti-collapse support device for civil engineering construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S3 step, the liquid suction device includes a piston plate, a sliding rod, a top plate and a spring; the working process of the washing device is as follows: grab the top plate and drive the piston plate to descend through the sliding rod. The descent of the piston plate can discharge the air in the suction box through the liquid suction pipe. After that, the piston plate rises again under the action of the spring, and the liquid suction pipe sucks the accumulated water in the foundation pit into the suction box through the liquid suction pipe. After that, the sealing cover at the bottom of the liquid outlet pipe can be unscrewed. At this time, the accumulated water in the foundation pit will continue to be discharged from the liquid outlet pipe along the liquid suction pipe and the suction box under the action of siphon, thereby realizing rapid drainage of the foundation pit.

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