Cylinder cover, engine, hybrid power assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a cylinder cover, an engine, a hybrid power assembly and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicles. A guide pipe hole is formed in the cylinder cover, and a flow channel and a pressure loss adjusting part are arranged on the water jacket; at least one flow channel is divided into a first sub-flow channel and a second sub-flow channel by the guide pipe hole, and the pressure loss adjusting part is located on one sub-flow channel and suitable for balancing pressure loss of cooling liquid in the first sub-flow channel and the second sub-flow channel. The pressure loss adjusting parts can increase the flowing resistance and the flowing path of the cooling liquid in the sub-flow channels, so that the effect of increasing the pressure loss in the sub-flow channels is achieved, the flow of the cooling liquid in the sub-flow channels on the two sides of the guide pipe hole is balanced, and the cooling effects on the two sides of the guide pipe hole are consistent. The risk of eccentric wear of the cylinder cover is reduced, and the operation reliability of the cylinder cover and an engine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of vehicle technology, and specifically relates to a cylinder head, an engine, a hybrid powertrain, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The cylinder head is a crucial component of the engine, sealing the cylinder and, together with the piston, creating a combustion chamber. It also withstands the heat loads of high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gases. For example, the engine of a vehicle meeting the China VI emission standard can reach a maximum temperature rise of 950°C. Because the cylinder head houses components such as the valve guides, valve seats, and fuel injectors, the valve guides, in particular, require adequate cooling due to their exposure to the engine's high-temperature exhaust.

[0003] In related technologies, a water jacket is typically installed between the cylinder block and cylinder head. Coolant circulates between the jackets, cooling the cylinders through heat exchange, transferring heat energy and reducing engine temperatures. However, valve guide obstruction leads to unbalanced coolant pressure drop and flow in the flow channels on both sides. This results in inconsistent cooling on both sides of the valve guide, which can easily lead to uneven wear of the cylinder head and affect reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a cylinder head, an engine, a hybrid powertrain, and a vehicle that can solve the problem of unbalanced flow and inconsistent cooling effect due to unbalanced pressure loss in the flow passages on both sides of the valve guide hole.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cylinder head, wherein a water jacket is provided in the cylinder head;

[0007] The cylinder head is provided with a conduit hole, and the water jacket is provided with a flow channel and a pressure loss regulating part;

[0008] At least one of the flow channels is divided into a first sub-flow channel and a second sub-flow channel by the conduit hole. The pressure loss regulating portion is located on one of the sub-flow channels and is suitable for balancing the pressure loss of the coolant in the first sub-flow channel and the second sub-flow channel.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of conduit holes are provided on the cylinder head, and the number of the flow channels is multiple.

[0010] Optionally, a coolant return port is provided on the water jacket; and the plurality of flow channels converge into the coolant return port.

[0011] Optionally, in each of the flow channels, the flow path length between the first sub-flow channel and the coolant return port is L1, the flow path length between the second sub-flow channel and the coolant return port is L2, L1>L2, and the pressure loss adjustment part is located on the second sub-flow channel.

[0012] Optionally, the pressure loss adjusting portion has an extending protrusion, and the extending protrusion is located between the conduit hole and the coolant return port.

[0013] Optionally, the distance between the central axis of the conduit hole along the coolant flow direction and the extended protrusion is a, and a≤8mm.

[0014] Optionally, a distance between a central axis of at least one of the flow channels along the coolant flow direction and a central axis of the conduit hole along the coolant flow direction is b, and b≤8mm.

[0015] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the first sub-channel passing through the conduit hole is S1, the cross-sectional area of the second sub-channel passing through the conduit hole is S2, and the ratio of |S1-S2| to S1 or S2 is m, and m≤20%.

[0016] Optionally, a first water jacket and a second water jacket are provided in the cylinder head;

[0017] The first water jacket and the second water jacket are both provided with the flow channel, the second water jacket is provided with a coolant outlet, the first water jacket is provided with the pressure loss regulating part and the coolant reflux port, and the first water jacket is connected to the second water jacket through the coolant reflux port.

[0018] Optionally, the first water jacket is provided with a first flow channel, a second flow channel, a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel;

[0019] At least one of the first flow channel, the second flow channel, the third flow channel, and the fourth flow channel is divided into a first sub-flow channel and a second sub-flow channel by the conduit hole.

[0020] Optionally, the first water jacket is provided with a first water jacket coolant first inlet, a first water jacket coolant second inlet, and a first water jacket coolant third inlet, the first flow channel is connected to the first water jacket coolant second inlet, the second flow channel and the third flow channel are connected to the first water jacket coolant second inlet, and the fourth flow channel is connected to the first water jacket coolant third inlet.

[0021] Optionally, the second water jacket is provided with a second water jacket coolant inlet, the second water jacket is provided with a fifth flow channel, a sixth flow channel and a seventh flow channel connected in parallel with each other and communicating with the second water jacket coolant inlet, and the cylinder head is provided with an injector spark plug mounting position;

[0022] The fifth flow channel, the sixth flow channel, and the seventh flow channel converge at the injector spark plug installation position to cool the combustion chamber.

[0023] Optionally, the sixth flow channel is located between the fifth flow channel and the seventh flow channel, the flow rate of the fifth flow channel is q1, the flow rate of the sixth flow channel is q2, the flow rate of the seventh flow channel is q3, and 0.8q2≤q1+q3≤1.3q2.

[0024] Optionally, the second water jacket is further provided with an eighth flow channel, a ninth flow channel and a tenth flow channel connected in parallel with each other and communicating with the coolant outlet, and the cylinder head is provided with a valve seat mounting position;

[0025] The fifth flow channel, the sixth flow channel and the seventh flow channel are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the eighth flow channel, the ninth flow channel and the tenth flow channel. A valve seat mounting position is provided between the eighth flow channel and the ninth flow channel, and another valve seat mounting position is provided between the ninth flow channel and the tenth flow channel.

[0026] Optionally, a throttling rib is provided on the second water jacket, and the throttling rib is located on at least one flow channel of the second water jacket.

[0027] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an engine comprising a cylinder head as described above.

[0028] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a hybrid powertrain comprising the above-mentioned engine.

[0029] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned engine or hybrid powertrain.

[0030] The cylinder head provided in the embodiments of the present application has a conduit hole provided therein, and at least one water jacket, namely, the upper water jacket and / or the lower water jacket, is provided with a flow channel and a pressure loss adjustment unit. The at least one flow channel is divided into two sub-flow channels by the conduit hole. Inconsistent flow paths in the two sub-flow channels result in different pressure losses and flow rates within the two sub-flow channels. The pressure loss adjustment unit is located in one of the sub-flow channels to balance the coolant flow in the sub-flow channels on either side of the conduit hole, ensuring consistent cooling on both sides of the conduit hole, reducing the risk of uneven wear on the cylinder head and improving the reliability of the cylinder head and engine.

[0031] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder head structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 In the embodiment of this application Figure 1 Schematic diagram along direction A;

[0035] Figure 3 In the embodiment of this application Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section along direction BB;

[0036] Figure 4 In the embodiment of this application Figure 1 Schematic diagram along direction C;

[0037] Figure 5 In the embodiment of this application Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle I position.

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 1-first water jacket, 11-conduit hole, 12-flow channel, 12a-first flow channel, 12b-second flow channel, 12c-third flow channel, 12d-fourth flow channel, 12e-fifth flow channel, 12f-sixth flow channel, 12g-seventh flow channel, 12h-eighth flow channel, 12i-ninth flow channel, 12j-tenth flow channel, 121-first sub-flow channel, 122-second sub-flow channel, 13-pressure loss adjustment portion, 131-extended protrusion Starting from, 14-coolant return port, 151-first water jacket coolant first inlet, 152-first water jacket coolant second inlet, 153-first water jacket coolant third inlet, 2-second water jacket, 21-coolant outlet, 22-second water jacket coolant inlet, 23-throttle rib, 31-intake duct, 32-exhaust duct, 41-air duct, 42-injector spark plug installation position, 43-valve seat installation position, 5-pressing point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and the like are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0042] The cylinder head, engine, hybrid powertrain, and vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 An embodiment of the present application provides a cylinder head, wherein a water jacket is provided inside the cylinder head; a conduit hole 11 is provided on the cylinder head, and a flow channel 12 and a pressure loss regulating portion 13 are provided on the water jacket; at least one of the flow channels 12 is divided into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by the conduit hole 11, and the pressure loss regulating portion 13 is located on one of the sub-flow channels and is suitable for balancing the pressure loss of the coolant in the first sub-flow channel 121 and the second sub-flow channel 122.

[0044] Specifically, the cylinder head includes at least one water jacket. In some embodiments, a single water jacket structure or a structure in which two water jackets are assembled together can be used. For example, in order to effectively reduce the temperature of the exhaust duct and achieve a more uniform temperature distribution in the exhaust duct, a structure in which a first water jacket 1 and a second water jacket 2 are assembled together is used. The first water jacket 1 is also called the upper water jacket, and the second water jacket 2 is also called the lower water jacket. The pressing point 5 is used to install and fix the first water jacket 1. Figure 1 As shown, the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are interconnected. To prevent the impact of engine heat radiation on the electronic control system and motor, the intake duct 31 is located on the lower side along the Z direction, and the exhaust duct 32 is located on the upper side along the Z direction. It should be noted that the intake duct 31 and the exhaust duct 32 in the figures of this embodiment are only schematic locations and do not show their specific structures. That is, the intake duct 31 and the exhaust duct 32 are sandwiched between the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2. The high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine can simultaneously exchange heat with the coolant in the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2, thereby improving the cooling effect. Furthermore, to prevent bubbles from forming in the cooling water due to high temperature, which could lead to high engine temperatures or even cavitation, the coolant inlet 22 of the second water jacket is located on the lower side along the Z direction, i.e., on the side of the intake duct 31, while the coolant outlet 21 is located on the upper side along the Z direction, i.e., on the side of the exhaust duct 32. The coolant used in this embodiment is water.

[0045] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a conduit hole 11 is provided on the cylinder head, and a flow channel 12 and a pressure loss regulating part 13 are provided on the water jacket. The conduit hole 11 is suitable for installing a valve guide. Passing through the position of the conduit hole 11, at least one flow channel 12 is divided into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by a conduit hole 11. However, due to the different setting positions and coolant flow paths of the two sub-flow channels, the pressure loss and flow rate in the two sub-flow channels will be different. The pressure loss regulating part 13 can be integrally formed or separately connected to the water jacket, and its shape can be set to a strip, arc or other irregular polygonal shape, which is not limited in this embodiment. The pressure loss regulating part 13 can be in the form of a flow-limiting pipe, a flow-limiting orifice plate or a pressure loss regulating rib. The flow-limiting pipe or the flow-limiting orifice plate can be separately processed from the water jacket. When the coolant in one of the sub-flow channels passes through the flow-limiting pipe or the flow-limiting orifice plate, the cross-sectional area of the flow changes, and its flow rate changes, thereby regulating the pressure loss in the sub-flow channel. The pressure loss regulating portion 13 of this embodiment is a pressure loss regulating rib, which is integrally formed with the water jacket and has a certain strength and rigidity, and can withstand the impact from the coolant. Part of it is located between the conduit hole 11 and the coolant return port. Depending on the different flow path lengths between the first sub-channel 121 and the second sub-channel 122 and the coolant return port 14, the setting position of the pressure loss regulating portion 13 is also different. When the flow path length of the first sub-channel 121 is greater than that of the second sub-channel 122, the pressure loss regulating portion 13 is set in the second sub-channel 122; when the flow path length of the first sub-channel 121 is less than that of the second sub-channel 122, the pressure loss regulating portion 13 is set in the first sub-channel 121. The pressure loss regulating portion 13 is used to increase the flow resistance and flow path length of the coolant in the second sub-channel. Due to the obstruction of the pressure loss regulating portion 13, the flow path of the sub-channel is changed from a straight line or a gentle curve to an irregular line with a large angle, thereby increasing the flow path length. Therefore, the pressure loss regulating portion 13 increases the pressure loss of the coolant flow in the sub-channel, thereby making the flow rates in the first sub-channel 121 and the second sub-channel 122 tend to be equal, that is, the flow rates on both sides of the conduit hole 11 are balanced, and the cooling effects at different positions of the conduit hole 11 are consistent.

[0046] With the cylinder head provided in the embodiment of the present application, the pressure loss regulating portion is located on one of the sub-channels, which can increase the flow resistance and flow path of the coolant in the sub-channel, thereby increasing the pressure loss in the sub-channel, so as to balance the flow rate of the coolant in the sub-channels on both sides of the duct hole, so that the cooling effect on both sides of the duct hole is consistent, reducing the risk of eccentric wear of the cylinder head, and improving the reliability of the cylinder head and engine operation.

[0047] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 The cylinder head is provided with a plurality of conduit holes 11, and the number of the flow channels 12 is multiple.

[0048] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the cylinder head is provided with multiple conduit holes 11, and flow channels 12 on at least one water jacket are provided corresponding to the conduit holes 11. Each flow channel 12 is divided by a conduit hole 11 into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122. Because there are multiple conduit holes 11 and the flow channels 12 need to merge and flow out, a pressure drop adjustment unit 13 is provided to avoid uneven cooling on both sides of the conduit holes.

[0049] Specifically, when a single-cylinder engine is used, there are two valve guides, that is, two guide holes 11 are provided on the water jacket; Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment adopts a two-cylinder engine, and two conduit holes 11 are provided on each side of the cylinder, and a total of four conduit holes 11 are provided. Each conduit hole 11 corresponds to a flow channel 12 for cooling and heat exchange. Taking the first water jacket 1 as an example, a first flow channel 12a, a second flow channel 12b, a third flow channel 12c and a fourth flow channel 12d are provided respectively, and each flow channel passes through a conduit hole 11. Figure 3 As shown, coolant flowing in through the center first coolant inlet 15 enters the first water jacket 1 and flows into the second flow channel 12b and the third flow channel 12c, respectively. Coolant flowing into the left first coolant inlet 15 enters the first flow channel 12a, and coolant flowing into the right first coolant inlet 15 enters the fourth flow channel 12d. The four flow channels are arranged in parallel without interfering with each other, ensuring a balanced cooling effect across the different guide holes 11. Each valve guide exchanges heat with the coolant within its own flow channel, effectively lowering the valve guide's operating temperature, reducing wear and performance degradation caused by high temperatures, and extending the valve guide's service life, thereby protecting the engine's normal operation.

[0050] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 A coolant return port 14 is provided on the water jacket; the plurality of flow channels 12 converge into the coolant return port 14 .

[0051] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the flow channel 12 communicates with the coolant return port 14 or the coolant outlet 21. If the cylinder head has only one water jacket, the flow channel 12 communicates with the coolant outlet 21. This embodiment has two water jackets: a first water jacket 1 and a second water jacket 2. The multiple flow channels 12 in the first water jacket 1 converge at the coolant return port 14, and then flow through the coolant return port 14 into the second water jacket 2.

[0052] Optionally, refer to Figure 4In each of the flow channels 12 , the flow path length between the first sub-flow channel 121 and the coolant return port 14 is L1, and the flow path length between the second sub-flow channel 122 and the coolant return port 14 is L2, L1>L2, and the pressure loss regulating part 13 is located on the second sub-flow channel 122 .

[0053] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the length of the flow path between the first sub-channel 121 and the coolant return port 14 is L1, and the length of the flow path between the second sub-channel 122 and the coolant return port 14 is L2, L1>L2, that is, the path of the coolant flowing from the first sub-channel 121 to the coolant return port 14 is longer than that of the second sub-channel 122. In other words, the first sub-channel 121 is located on the side of the conduit hole 11 away from the coolant return port 14, and the second sub-channel 122 is located on the side of the conduit hole 11 close to the coolant return port 14. That is, compared with the first sub-channel 121, the second sub-channel 122 is closer to the coolant return port 14, and the path of the second sub-channel 122 to the coolant return port 14 is also shorter. It should be noted that, Figure 3 Four coolant return ports 14 are shown. In practice, coolant primarily flows into the second water jacket 2 through the two central ports 14. Therefore, the proximity to or distance from the coolant return ports 14 is referenced to the two central ports 14. A pressure drop adjustment portion 13 is located on the second sub-channel 122 to increase the coolant flow path length and flow resistance within the second sub-channel 122, thereby increasing the pressure drop within the second sub-channel 122 and balancing the coolant flow in the sub-channels on both sides of the conduit hole 11, ensuring consistent cooling on both sides of the conduit hole 11.

[0054] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 The pressure loss adjusting portion 13 has an extending protrusion 131 , and the extending protrusion 131 is located between the conduit hole 11 and the coolant return port 14 .

[0055] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the pressure loss regulating portion 13 is an regulating rib, and the end of the regulating rib has an extended protrusion 131. The extended protrusion 131 is located between the conduit hole 11 and the coolant return port 14, that is, the downstream position of the second sub-channel 122, and serves to increase the pressure loss in the second sub-channel 122.

[0056] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The distance between the central axis of the conduit hole 11 along the coolant flow direction and the extending protrusion 131 is a, a≤8mm.

[0057] Specifically, if Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the coolant flows along a curved path, but overall, the coolant flow direction is along the Y direction. The distance a between the central axis of the conduit hole 11 along the Y direction and the extended protrusion 131 is ≤ 8 mm, ensuring that the pressure loss regulating portion 13 effectively regulates the coolant pressure drop in the second sub-channel 122. If the distance a is greater than 8 mm, the distance between the end of the pressure loss regulating portion 13 and the conduit hole 11 is too large, and the pressure loss regulating portion 13's blocking effect on the coolant in the second sub-channel 122 is reduced, failing to effectively increase the coolant pressure drop in the second sub-channel 122. In some embodiments, the distance a is set to 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, or other values within the above range.

[0058] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The distance between the central axis of at least one of the flow channels 12 along the coolant flow direction and the central axis of the conduit hole 11 along the coolant flow direction is b, b≤8mm.

[0059] Specifically, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the distance b between the central axis of the conduit hole 11 along the Y direction and the central axis of the flow channel 12 along the Y direction is 8 mm or less. This ensures that the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels on both sides of the conduit hole 11 are similar, thereby achieving similar flow rates on both sides of the conduit hole 11 and consistent cooling effects. If the distance b is greater than 8 mm, the cross-sectional area difference between the flow channels 12 on both sides of the conduit hole 11 is too large, resulting in uneven flow rates. In some embodiments, the value of distance b is set to 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, or other values within the above range. Furthermore, the axis of the flow channel 12 can be oriented in any direction along the circumference of the conduit hole 11.

[0060] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 The cross-sectional area of the first sub-channel 121 passing through the catheter hole 11 is S1, the cross-sectional area of the second sub-channel 122 passing through the catheter hole 11 is S2, and the ratio between |S1-S2| and S1 or S2 is m, m≤20%.

[0061] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the cross-sectional area of the first sub-channel 121 passing through one side of the conduit hole 11 is S1, and the cross-sectional area of the second sub-channel 122 passing through the other side of the conduit hole 11 is S2. |S1-S2| / S1≤20%, or, |S1-S2| / S2≤20%. In other words, the difference between the cross-sectional area S1 of the first sub-channel 121 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second sub-channel 122 is less than or equal to 20%. For example, when S1 is 10 mm 2 When S2 is 8mm 2 , 9mm 2 , 10mm 2, 11mm 2 , 12mm 2 Or other values within the above range. Due to errors in the assembly process, there may be some difference in the cross-sectional area of the flow passages on both sides of the conduit hole 11. However, when the numerical difference is within 20%, the values representing S1 and S2 are relatively close, ensuring that the flow rates of the flow passages on both sides of the conduit hole 11 are similar and the cooling effect on both sides of the conduit hole 11 is consistent.

[0062] Optionally, refer to Figures 1 to 3 A first water jacket 1 and a second water jacket 2 are provided in the cylinder head; the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are both provided with the flow channel 12, the second water jacket 2 is provided with a coolant outlet 21, the first water jacket 1 is provided with the pressure loss regulating part 13 and the coolant return port 14, and the first water jacket 1 is connected to the second water jacket 2 through the coolant return port 14.

[0063] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the cylinder head consists of a first water jacket 1 and a second water jacket 2, which are interconnected and assembled together. The second water jacket 2 is provided with a coolant outlet 21, and the first water jacket 1 is provided with a pressure loss adjustment unit 13 and a coolant return port 14. The first water jacket 1 is connected to the second water jacket 2 through the coolant return port 14. Coolant flowing out of the first water jacket 1 flows into the second water jacket 2 through the coolant return port 14 and ultimately flows out of the coolant outlet 21. Multiple flow channels 12 are provided in the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2.

[0064] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 At least one of the water jackets is provided with a first flow channel 12a, a second flow channel 12b, a third flow channel 12c and a fourth flow channel 12d; at least one of the first flow channel 12a, the second flow channel 12b, the third flow channel 12c and the fourth flow channel 12d is divided into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by the conduit hole 11.

[0065] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the first water jacket 1 is provided with a first flow channel 12a, a second flow channel 12b, a third flow channel 12c and a fourth flow channel 12d. Each flow channel passes through a conduit hole 11, wherein the first flow channel 12a and the second flow channel 12b are used to cool the engine cylinder on the left, and the third flow channel 12c and the fourth flow channel 12d are used to cool the engine cylinder on the right. This ensures the consistency of the cooling effect of the dual cylinders. The first flow channel 12a and the second flow channel 12b, as well as the third flow channel 12c and the fourth flow channel 12d are separated by the injector spark plug mounting position 42 and the pressure loss regulating part 13. The second flow channel 12b and the third flow channel 12c are separated by the pressure loss regulating part 13. In this embodiment, each flow channel on the first water jacket 1 is divided into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by the conduit hole 11.

[0066] Optionally, refer to Figures 1 to 4 The first water jacket 1 is provided with a first water jacket coolant first inlet 151, a first water jacket coolant second inlet 152 and a first water jacket coolant third inlet 153, the first flow channel 12a is connected to the first water jacket coolant second inlet 152, the second flow channel 12b and the third flow channel 12c are connected to the first water jacket coolant second inlet 152, and the fourth flow channel 12d is connected to the first water jacket coolant third inlet 153.

[0067] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are each provided with a coolant inlet, and both share the same coolant outlet 21. The first water jacket 1 is provided with a first water jacket coolant first inlet 151, a first water jacket coolant second inlet 152 and a first water jacket coolant third inlet 153. The first flow channel 12a, the second flow channel 12b, the third flow channel 12c and the fourth flow channel 12d are arranged on the first water jacket 1 in the first water jacket 1. The coolant flowing in from the second coolant inlet 152 of the first water jacket located in the middle position enters the second flow channel 12b and the third flow channel 12c respectively, the coolant flowing in from the first water jacket coolant first inlet 151 located on the left side enters the first flow channel 12a, and the coolant flowing in from the third coolant inlet 153 of the first water jacket located on the right side enters the fourth flow channel 12d. Each flow channel is separated by the conduit hole 11 into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122. The coolant in the four flow channels all flows into the second water jacket 2 through the coolant return port 14 and finally flows out from the coolant outlet 21.

[0068] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 The second water jacket 2 is provided with a second water jacket coolant inlet 22 for coolant, and the second water jacket 2 is provided with a fifth flow channel 12e, a sixth flow channel 12f and a seventh flow channel 12g which are connected in parallel with each other and communicated with the second water jacket coolant inlet 22. The cylinder head is provided with an injector spark plug mounting position 42; the fifth flow channel 12e, the sixth flow channel 12f and the seventh flow channel 12g converge at the injector spark plug mounting position 42 to cool the combustion chamber.

[0069] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, each combustion chamber area, i.e., an injector spark plug installation position 42, corresponds to three mutually parallel flow channels, i.e., the fifth flow channel 12e, the sixth flow channel 12f, and the seventh flow channel 12g. It should be noted that, Figure 3Only the three flow channels in the left combustion chamber are shown; the three flow channels in the right combustion chamber are similar. Each combustion chamber area corresponds to a second water jacket coolant inlet 22. The fifth flow channel 12e is located to the left of the injector spark plug, the sixth flow channel 12f is located directly below the injector spark plug, and the seventh flow channel 12g is located to the right of the injector spark plug. In other words, the three flow channels converge at the injector spark plug mounting position 42, thereby cooling the combustion chamber and improving the cooling effect.

[0070] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 The sixth flow channel 12f is located between the fifth flow channel 12e and the seventh flow channel 12g. The flow rate of the fifth flow channel 12e is q1, the flow rate of the sixth flow channel 12f is q2, and the flow rate of the seventh flow channel 12g is q3. 0.8q2≤q1+q3≤1.3q2

[0071] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, the flow rate of the fifth flow channel 12e is q1, the flow rate of the sixth flow channel 12f is q2, and the flow rate of the seventh flow channel 12g is q3. 0.8q2≤q1+q3≤1.3q2. Therefore, the sum of the flow rates of the fifth and seventh flow channels 12e and 12g is close to the flow rate of the sixth flow channel 12f. This results in a uniform flow distribution and consistent cooling effect at different locations on the spark plug.

[0072] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 The second water jacket 2 is also provided with an eighth flow channel 12h, a ninth flow channel 12i and a tenth flow channel 12j which are connected in parallel with each other and communicate with the coolant outlet 21, and a valve seat mounting position 43 is provided on the cylinder head; the fifth flow channel 12e, the sixth flow channel 12f and the seventh flow channel 12g are connected in parallel with the eighth flow channel 12h, the ninth flow channel 12i and the tenth flow channel 12j, and one valve seat mounting position 43 is provided between the eighth flow channel 12h and the ninth flow channel 12i, and another valve seat mounting position 43 is provided between the ninth flow channel 12i and the tenth flow channel 12j.

[0073] Specifically, if Figure 3As shown, the eighth flow channel 12h, the ninth flow channel 12i, and the tenth flow channel 12j are connected in parallel and are all connected to the coolant outlet 21. The ninth flow channel 12i is located between the two valve seat mounting positions 43, while the eighth flow channel 12h and the tenth flow channel 12j are located outside the valve seat mounting position 43, suitable for cooling the outer surface of the valve seat. In the second water jacket 2, coolant flowing in from the second water jacket coolant inlet 22 passes through the fifth flow channel 12e, the sixth flow channel 12f, and the seventh flow channel 12g, and then through the air channel 41. It converges at the injector spark plug mounting position 42, cooling the combustion chamber. It then enters the eighth flow channel 12h, the ninth flow channel 12i, and the tenth flow channel 12j, respectively, and ultimately flows out of the coolant outlet 21.

[0074] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 The second water jacket 2 is provided with a throttling rib 23 , and the throttling rib 23 is located on at least one flow channel of the second water jacket 2 .

[0075] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, a throttling rib 23 is provided on the flow channel of the second water jacket 2 for adjusting the flow rate of the coolant in the flow channel. In addition, the flow rate of the coolant in the flow channel can also be adjusted by changing the area of the coolant inlet 22 of the second water jacket.

[0076] The present invention also provides an engine comprising the cylinder head of the above embodiment, which can improve the reliability of the cylinder head and the engine. The engine provided in the present invention is an engine that meets the China VI emission standard and above.

[0077] The present application also provides a hybrid powertrain comprising the engine described in the above embodiment. This hybrid powertrain can be either a power generation assembly or a drive assembly. The power generation assembly is used to generate electricity to power the vehicle's electrical system; the drive assembly is used to drive the vehicle.

[0078] An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, comprising the engine or hybrid powertrain described in the above embodiment, which has an engine or hybrid powertrain with reliable performance, thereby improving the safety of vehicle use.

[0079] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0080] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A cylinder head, characterized in that: A water jacket is provided in the cylinder head; The cylinder head is provided with a conduit hole (11), and the water jacket is provided with a flow channel (12) and a pressure loss regulating portion (13); At least one of the flow channels (12) is divided by the conduit hole (11) into a first sub-flow channel (121) and a second sub-flow channel (122); the pressure loss regulating portion (13) is located on one of the sub-flow channels and is suitable for balancing the pressure loss of the coolant in the first sub-flow channel (121) and the second sub-flow channel (122).

2. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder cover is provided with a plurality of conduit holes (11), and the number of the flow channels (12) is plural.

3. The cylinder head according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cooling liquid return port (14) is provided on the water jacket; a plurality of flow channels (12) converge into the cooling liquid return port (14).

4. The cylinder head according to claim 3, characterized in that: In each of the flow channels (12), the flow path length between the first sub-flow channel (121) and the coolant return port (14) is L1, the flow path length between the second sub-flow channel (122) and the coolant return port (14) is L2, L1>L2, and the pressure loss regulating portion (13) is located on the second sub-flow channel (122).

5. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure loss regulating portion (13) has an extending protrusion (131), and the extending protrusion (131) is located between the conduit hole (11) and the coolant return port (14).

6. The cylinder head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the central axis of the conduit hole (11) along the coolant flow direction and the extended protrusion (131) is a, and a≤8mm.

7. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between the central axis of at least one of the flow channels (12) along the coolant flow direction and the central axis of the conduit hole (11) along the coolant flow direction is b, and b≤8mm.

8. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein: The cross-sectional area of the first sub-channel (121) passing through the conduit hole (11) is S1, the cross-sectional area of the second sub-channel (122) passing through the conduit hole (11) is S2, the ratio of |S1-S2| to S1 or S2 is m, and m≤20%.

9. The cylinder head according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first water jacket (1) and a second water jacket (2) are provided in the cylinder head; The first water jacket (1) and the second water jacket (2) are both provided with the flow channel (12), the second water jacket (2) is provided with a coolant outlet (21), the first water jacket (1) is provided with the pressure loss regulating portion (13) and the coolant return port (14), and the first water jacket (1) is communicated with the second water jacket (2) via the coolant return port (14).

10. The cylinder head according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first water jacket (1) is provided with a first flow channel (12a), a second flow channel (12b), a third flow channel (12c) and a fourth flow channel (12d); At least one of the first flow channel (12a), the second flow channel (12b), the third flow channel (12c) and the fourth flow channel (12d) is divided into a first sub-flow channel (121) and a second sub-flow channel (122) by the conduit hole (11).

11. The cylinder head according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first water jacket (1) is provided with a first water jacket coolant first inlet (151), a first water jacket coolant second inlet (152) and a first water jacket coolant third inlet (153); the first flow channel (12a) is in communication with the first water jacket coolant second inlet (152); the second flow channel (12b) and the third flow channel (12c) are in communication with the first water jacket coolant second inlet (152); and the fourth flow channel (12d) is in communication with the first water jacket coolant third inlet (153).

12. The cylinder head according to claim 10, characterized in that The second water jacket (2) is provided with a second water jacket coolant inlet (22), the second water jacket (2) is provided with a fifth flow channel (12e), a sixth flow channel (12f) and a seventh flow channel (12g) which are connected in parallel with each other and communicate with the second water jacket coolant inlet (22), and the cylinder head is provided with an injector spark plug mounting position (42); The fifth flow channel (12e), the sixth flow channel (12f) and the seventh flow channel (12g) converge at the injector spark plug installation position (42) to cool the combustion chamber.

13. The cylinder head according to claim 12, characterized in that: The sixth flow channel (12f) is located between the fifth flow channel (12e) and the seventh flow channel (12g), the flow rate of the fifth flow channel (12e) is q1, the flow rate of the sixth flow channel (12f) is q2, and the flow rate of the seventh flow channel (12g) is q3, 0.8q2≤q1+q3≤1.3q2.

14. The cylinder head according to claim 12, wherein: The second water jacket (2) is further provided with an eighth flow channel (12h), a ninth flow channel (12i) and a tenth flow channel (12j) which are connected in parallel with each other and communicate with the coolant outlet (21), and the cylinder head is provided with a valve seat mounting position (43); The fifth flow channel (12e), the sixth flow channel (12f) and the seventh flow channel (12g) are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the eighth flow channel (12h), the ninth flow channel (12i) and the tenth flow channel (12j); a valve seat mounting position (43) is provided between the eighth flow channel (12h) and the ninth flow channel (12i); another valve seat mounting position (43) is provided between the ninth flow channel (12i) and the tenth flow channel (12j).

15. The cylinder head according to claim 9, characterized in that The second water jacket (2) is provided with a throttling rib (23), and the throttling rib (23) is located on at least one flow channel of the second water jacket (2).

16. An engine, characterized in that: The cylinder head comprises the cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A hybrid powertrain, characterized in that: Including the engine as claimed in claim 16.

18. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the engine of claim 16 or the hybrid powertrain of claim 17.

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