Method and system for calculating and analyzing supply and demand balance of water resources in irrigated area

Abstract

The invention discloses an irrigation area water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method and system, and relates to the field of water resource distribution, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the geographic position information of all water sources and water conveyance channels in a target irrigation area, and calculating a confluence point on a main water conveyance channel in the target irrigation area as a key water conveyance node; calculating water delivery path characteristic parameters from each water source to the key water delivery node according to the geographic position of the key water delivery node; the water source with the shortest water conveying path and the maximum water supply capacity serves as a main water source, the other water sources serve as auxiliary water sources, and the target water supply flow of each water source is calculated; calculating the movement time from the main water source and the auxiliary water source to the key node, and controlling the starting time of the auxiliary water source to be later than the T2-T1 time of the main water source; the starting sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source is controlled according to the movement time, and the flow ratio of the main water source to the auxiliary water source is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water conveying node and the target water supply flow. By implementing the method, the water resource conveying efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of water resource allocation, and in particular to a method and system for calculating and analyzing the balance between water resource supply and demand in an irrigation area. Background Art

[0002] With the modernization of agriculture, large-scale irrigation districts are expanding, significantly increasing the complexity of water resource allocation within these districts. To meet water demand across diverse locations within an irrigation district, multiple water sources are often required for coordinated water supply. The rational scheduling and delivery efficiency of these sources directly impact the overall operational efficiency of the irrigation district.

[0003] In existing irrigation districts, water resources are allocated from multiple sources, typically using independent water supply systems. Each source delivers water to its respective coverage area. Managers adjust the water supply from each source based on the water needs of each area, allowing each water supply system to operate relatively independently.

[0004] This decentralized water supply model suffers from low water delivery efficiency in practice. Because the water supply systems of various water sources are independent, water delivery channels fail to share resources. This results in some channels' water delivery capacity being underutilized, while other channels may experience excessive water pressure, reducing water delivery efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a method and system for calculating and analyzing the balance between water supply and demand in an irrigation area, which is used to improve the efficiency of water resource delivery.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a method for calculating and analyzing the balance between water resources supply and demand in an irrigation area, which is applied to a calculation and analysis system for the balance between water resources supply and demand in an irrigation area. The method comprises: obtaining the geographical location information of all water sources and water transmission channels in a target irrigation area, and calculating the confluence point on the main water transmission channel in the target irrigation area as a key water transmission node based on the geographical location information; calculating the characteristic parameters of the water transmission path from each water source to the key water transmission node based on the geographical location of the key water transmission node, and the characteristic parameters of the water transmission path include the length of the water transmission path, the characteristics of the channel section and the water supply capacity; and selecting the water transmission path with the shortest water transmission path and the largest water supply capacity as the water transmission path. The water source is used as the main water source, and the remaining water sources are used as auxiliary water sources, and the target water supply flow of each water source is calculated; the movement time from the main water source and the auxiliary water source to the key node is calculated, where the movement time from the main water source to the key node is T1, and the movement time from the auxiliary water source to the key node is T2, and the start-up time of the auxiliary water source is controlled to be later than the T2-T1 time of the main water source; the start-up sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source is controlled according to the movement time, and the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water transmission node and the target water supply flow.

[0007] By employing this technical solution, key water transfer nodes are identified based on geographic location, breaking the limitations of independent water supply and achieving coordinated coordination between water sources. Primary and secondary water sources are determined by calculating the characteristics of the water transfer path, and the activation sequence is controlled based on the time difference in movement, allowing water flow to converge precisely in time and space. The flow ratio between primary and secondary water sources can be dynamically adjusted based on real-time monitoring data, fully utilizing the channel's water transfer capacity while avoiding excessive pressure in local channels, thereby improving water resource delivery efficiency and channel system operation stability.

[0008] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of calculating the confluence point on the main water transmission channel in the target irrigation area as a key water transmission node based on the geographic location information specifically includes: constructing a water system connectivity topology map based on the geographic location information of the water source and the water transmission channel; calculating the connectivity of each node based on the topology map, and screening nodes with a connectivity greater than a preset connectivity threshold as candidate confluence points; calculating the water flow capacity and channel hydraulic parameters of the candidate confluence point, the channel hydraulic parameters including flow rate, water depth and hydraulic gradient; comparing the water flow capacity and the channel hydraulic parameters with a preset parameter range, and selecting the candidate confluence point that meets the preset parameter range as a key water transmission node.

[0009] By employing this technical solution, a water system connectivity topology was constructed to calculate node connectivity. Highly connected nodes were selected as candidate confluence points, and these were then verified and selected based on flow capacity and canal hydraulic parameters. Key water transfer nodes were ultimately determined within a preset parameter range, establishing a scientific and rational node selection mechanism to ensure optimal hydraulic characteristics and location of key water transfer nodes.

[0010] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of controlling the start-up sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the movement time specifically includes: calculating the time difference ΔT between the movement time T1 of the main water source to the key water transfer node and the movement time T2 of the auxiliary water source to the key water transfer node; starting the main water source at the planned water supply time t0, and starting the auxiliary water source at t0+ΔT.

[0011] By employing this technical solution, the time difference ΔT between the primary and secondary water sources and their arrival at key water transfer nodes is calculated. The primary water source is activated at the planned water supply time t0, and the secondary water source is activated at t0 + ΔT. By precisely controlling the timing of water source activation, the water supply from each source is coordinated and coordinated, avoiding issues of over- or under-supply and ensuring smooth water flow and precise delivery.

[0012] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of dynamically adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source based on the real-time monitoring data of the key water transmission node and the target water supply flow specifically includes: calculating the deviation value between the real-time flow of the key water transmission node and the target water supply flow; when the deviation value exceeds the preset deviation range, calculating the flow correction value; allocating the flow correction value according to the distance ratio between the main water source and the auxiliary water source, and adjusting the flow of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the allocated correction value.

[0013] By implementing this technical solution, a mechanism was established to monitor deviations between the real-time flow rate at key water delivery nodes and the target water supply flow rate. Correction values were calculated when the deviation exceeded a preset range. Correction values were allocated based on the distance ratio between the primary and auxiliary water sources, enabling precise flow control. This distance-based correction allocation ensures balanced and rational flow regulation, keeping the water supply system operating at optimal levels and improving the adaptability and stability of the water supply process.

[0014] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of controlling the start-up sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the movement time, and dynamically adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water transfer node and the target water supply flow, the method also includes: dividing the target irrigation area into multiple sub-irrigation areas, and setting a secondary key water transfer node in each of the sub-irrigation areas; calculating the movement time of each main water source and each auxiliary water source to each secondary key water transfer node; constructing a water source combination water supply scheme based on the movement time, each water source combination water supply scheme including at least two main water sources and at least one auxiliary water source; calculating the total movement time of each water source combination water supply scheme, and selecting the water source combination water supply scheme with the shortest total movement time as the preferred water supply scheme; determining the start-up timing of each water source according to the movement time difference of each water source in the preferred water supply scheme; and adjusting the flow ratio of each water source in the preferred water supply scheme based on the real-time monitoring data of each secondary key water transfer node.

[0015] By employing this technical solution, the target irrigation area is divided into multiple sub-areas and secondary key water transfer nodes are set. The water supply plan is constructed by calculating the travel time from the water source to each node. The plan with the shortest total travel time is selected as the preferred water supply plan, and the activation sequence is determined based on the travel time difference. The coordinated cooperation of multiple nodes forms a complete water supply network system, enabling refined management of water resources in large irrigation areas.

[0016] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of controlling the start-up sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the movement time, and dynamically adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water transfer node and the target water supply flow, the method also includes: obtaining real-time water level data of the upstream channel section of the key water transfer node, and establishing a water level-flow relationship curve based on the real-time water level data; calculating the predicted water level of the key water transfer node according to the water level-flow relationship curve; when the predicted water level exceeds the safe water level threshold, calculating the reduced flow that needs to be reduced; determining the flow reduction ratio of the reduced flow based on the distance between the main water source and the auxiliary water source; adjusting the flow of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the flow reduction ratio; continuously monitoring the water level changes of the key water transfer node, and when the water level drops below the safe water level, resuming water supply according to the original target water supply flow.

[0017] By implementing this technical solution, we established water level-flow curves at key water transfer nodes, enabling real-time prediction of water level changes. When the predicted water level exceeds a safety threshold, the flow rate is reduced based on the distance to the water source. Once the water level falls to a safe level, the planned water supply is restored. This has established an adaptive flow regulation mechanism based on water level warnings, effectively preventing the risk of excessive water flow and ensuring the safe operation of the water supply system.

[0018] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of controlling the start-up sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the movement time, and dynamically adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water transfer node and the target water supply flow, the method also includes: calculating the deviation sequence between the actual water supply flow of the main water source and the auxiliary water source and the target water supply flow; performing time series analysis on the deviation sequence to obtain the deviation change trend, and establishing a flow prediction model based on the deviation change trend; calculating the predicted flow for the next time period according to the flow prediction model; when the deviation of the predicted flow exceeds a preset range, adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source; recording the adjustment effect of the flow ratio, and the adjustment effect is used to update the parameters of the flow prediction model.

[0019] By employing this technical solution, a flow prediction model was established by conducting a time series analysis of the deviations between the actual water supply flows of the primary and auxiliary water sources and the target water supply flows. The flow ratio was adjusted based on the deviations from the predicted flows, and the adjustment results were used as feedback to update the model parameters. This established a prediction-feedback-optimization mechanism for the water supply system, imbuing flow regulation with predictive and self-learning capabilities, continuously improving the accuracy and adaptability of the water supply plan and achieving intelligent control of water resource allocation.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system, which includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is used to store computer program code, and the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system to execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect.

[0021] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions. When the above-mentioned computer program product is run on an irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system, the above-mentioned irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system executes the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions. When the above instructions are executed on an irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system, the above irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system executes the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect.

[0023] It is understood that the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system provided in the second aspect, the computer program product provided in the third aspect, and the computer storage medium provided in the fourth aspect are all used to execute the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the beneficial effects achievable by these methods can be referenced to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods and will not be further elaborated here.

[0024] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. This application overcomes the limitations of independent water supply by identifying key water transfer nodes based on geographic location information, enabling coordinated coordination between water sources. Primary and secondary water sources are determined by calculating the characteristics of the water transfer path, and the activation sequence is controlled based on the time difference in movement, allowing water flows to converge precisely in time and space. The flow ratio between primary and secondary water sources can be dynamically adjusted based on real-time monitoring data, fully utilizing the channel's water transfer capacity while avoiding excessive pressure in local channels, thereby improving water resource delivery efficiency and channel system operation stability.

[0025] 2. This application constructs a water system connectivity topology map to calculate node connectivity, screens highly connected nodes as candidate confluence points, and verifies and selects them based on water flow capacity and canal hydraulic parameters. Key water transfer nodes are ultimately determined within a preset parameter range, establishing a scientific and rational node selection mechanism to ensure optimal hydraulic characteristics and location of key water transfer nodes.

[0026] 3. This application establishes a mechanism to monitor deviations between the real-time flow rate at key water delivery nodes and the target water supply flow rate. Correction values are calculated when the deviation exceeds a preset range. Correction values are allocated based on the distance ratio between the primary and auxiliary water sources, achieving precise flow control. This distance-based correction value allocation ensures balanced and rational flow regulation, keeping the water supply system operating at optimal levels and improving the adaptability and stability of the water supply process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for calculating and analyzing the balance of water resources supply and demand in an irrigation area according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is another flow chart of the irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is another flow chart of the irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of the irrigation area water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The terms used in the following examples of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification of the present application, the singular expressions "a", "an", "above", "the", and "this" are intended to include plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present application refers to any or all possible combinations of one or more of the listed items.

[0029] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to imply or suggest relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0030] For ease of understanding, the following describes the process of the method provided by this implementation. Figure 1 , which is a flow chart of the irrigation area water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method in the embodiment of this application.

[0031] S101. Obtain geographic location information of all water sources and water transmission channels in a target irrigation area, and calculate, based on the geographic location information, a confluence point on a main water transmission channel in the target irrigation area as a key water transmission node.

[0032] Among them, the target irrigation area represents a specific irrigation area that requires water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis; the water source represents the water supply source points such as reservoirs and rivers within the irrigation area; the water transmission channel represents the artificial or natural channel used to transport water; the geographic location information represents the spatial coordinates, elevation and other geographic spatial data of the water source and water transmission channel; the confluence point represents the intersection of multiple water transmission channels; the key water transmission node represents the control node that has an important impact on the water resource allocation of the irrigation area.

[0033] Before calculating and analyzing the water supply and demand balance within an irrigation district, the spatial distribution of water sources and water channels within the district must be determined. Specifically, the system uses GIS or field measurements to obtain geographic location information, such as the latitude and longitude coordinates and elevation data, of water sources and water channels. Then, based on hydrological analysis methods, it identifies intersections within the water channel network. Based on the location and connectivity of these intersections, it identifies key water transfer nodes that significantly impact water supply and allocation within the irrigation district.

[0034] In some embodiments, key water transfer nodes can be identified through the following methods: Optionally, first, digitally model the irrigation district using GIS software to extract spatial information about water sources and water transfer channels, then identify channel intersections based on a hydrological analysis model, and finally, screen key nodes by setting thresholds. Optionally, construct a water system topology map of the irrigation district based on field survey data, calculate node connectivity and hydraulic characteristic parameters, and identify key nodes based on parameter thresholds. Optionally, extract water system elements using remote sensing image interpretation methods, and determine key nodes after verification with measured data. It is understood that other hydrological analysis methods can also be used to determine key water transfer nodes, and these are not limited here.

[0035] S102. Calculate characteristic parameters of the water transmission path from each water source to the key water transmission node according to the geographical location of the key water transmission node. The characteristic parameters of the water transmission path include the length of the water transmission path, channel cross-sectional characteristics, and water supply capacity.

[0036] The water transmission path length represents the actual length of the channel from the water source to the key node; the channel cross-sectional characteristics represent the channel's geometric parameters, such as cross-sectional shape and dimensions; and the water supply capacity represents the channel's maximum water flow rate. The water transmission path characteristic parameters characterize the hydraulic characteristics of the water transmission channel from the water source to the key node.

[0037] After identifying key water transfer nodes, the characteristics of the water transfer paths from each water source to these key nodes need to be calculated. Specifically, the system uses a shortest path algorithm based on the geographic locations of the water sources and key nodes to calculate the actual water transfer distance. It also collects parameters such as channel cross-sectional dimensions and roughness, and uses hydraulic formulas to determine the channel's water transfer capacity, ultimately generating a complete set of water transfer path characteristic parameters.

[0038] In some embodiments, the calculation of water transmission path characteristic parameters can be achieved through the following methods: optionally, calculating the shortest water transmission path based on GIS network analysis capabilities, and calculating the water transmission capacity by combining measured cross-sectional data with the Manning formula; optionally, using a hydraulic model to simulate the water transmission process under different operating conditions, extracting key hydraulic parameters to determine water transmission characteristics; optionally, obtaining water transmission path characteristics through statistical analysis of field measurements and historical operating data. It is understood that other hydraulic methods can also be used to calculate water transmission path characteristic parameters, which are not limited here.

[0039] S103: The water source with the shortest water transmission path and the largest water supply capacity is selected as the main water source, and the remaining water sources are selected as auxiliary water sources, and the target water supply flow rate of each water source is calculated.

[0040] Among them, the main water source refers to the water source that plays a leading role in water transfer scheduling and is the preferred water source for water supply security; the auxiliary water source refers to the secondary water source as a supplement, used to assist the main water source in meeting water demand; the target water supply flow rate refers to the planned water supply volume required to meet the water demand of the irrigation area; the water transfer path length refers to the actual channel distance from the water source to the key node; the water supply capacity refers to the smaller value between the maximum water outflow of the water source and the maximum water flow capacity of the water transfer channel.

[0041] After determining the water transmission path characteristics of each water source, it is necessary to rationally select primary and secondary water sources and determine a water flow allocation plan. Specifically, the system first compares the water transmission path lengths and water supply capacities of each water source, selecting the source with the shortest transmission distance and the greatest water supply capacity as the primary water source to improve water supply efficiency and reliability. It then calculates the total water demand for each time period based on factors such as the water demand of each irrigation area, crop planting structure, and irrigation method, and allocates the target water flow in proportion to the water source's supply capacity.

[0042] In some embodiments, water source selection and flow allocation can be achieved through various methods: Optionally, a water source evaluation index system can be first established, including water transmission distance, water supply capacity, water quality conditions, etc., and the weights of each index can be determined through the analytic hierarchy process. A comprehensive score can be calculated to select the main water source. Then, water demand can be calculated based on the irrigation system of each region, and the target flow can be allocated according to the proportion of water source supply capacity. Optionally, a multi-objective optimization method can be used, with the goals of minimizing water transmission cost and maximizing water supply reliability, taking into account constraints such as water source location and water supply capacity, to solve the optimal water source combination scheme and flow allocation scheme. It is understandable that other optimization methods can also be used to determine water source selection and flow allocation schemes, which are not limited here.

[0043] S104. Calculate the movement time from the main water source and the auxiliary water source to the key node, where the movement time from the main water source to the key node is T1, and the movement time from the auxiliary water source to the key node is T2, and control the start-up time of the auxiliary water source to be later than the main water source T2-T1 time.

[0044] Among them, the movement time indicates the time required for water to flow from the water source to the key node; T1 indicates the time when the main water source flow reaches the key node; T2 indicates the time when the auxiliary water source flow reaches the key node; the time difference T2-T1 indicates the difference in the arrival time of the two water source flows; the start time indicates the moment when water release starts.

[0045] After determining the water source combination, the water flow time needs to be calculated to coordinate the activation sequence of each water source. Specifically, the system uses hydraulic formulas to calculate water velocity based on parameters such as channel length, cross-sectional characteristics, and hydraulic gradient, and then calculates the movement time from each water source to the key node. To ensure that water from each water source reaches the key node simultaneously, the auxiliary water source needs to be delayed in startup, with the delay time equal to the difference in the movement time of the two water sources.

[0046] In some embodiments, movement time calculation and startup control can be achieved through various methods: Optionally, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model can be established based on the Saint-Venant equation, channel topography and hydraulic parameters can be input, and the water flow movement process under different flow rates can be simulated to obtain the water flow arrival time. A PLC controller program can then be set to automatically start and stop the water source. Optionally, an empirical formula method can be used to establish an empirical flow velocity formula based on channel characteristics and historical operating data, calculate the movement time, and combine it with a remote measurement and control system to achieve joint water source scheduling. It is understood that other hydrodynamic methods can also be used to calculate the movement time and achieve startup control, and this is not limited here.

[0047] S105. Control the start-up sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the movement time, and dynamically adjust the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water delivery node and the target water supply flow.

[0048] The startup sequence indicates the order in which each water source begins supplying water; real-time monitoring data represents the measured values of hydrological elements such as flow and water level at key nodes, collected by hydrological monitoring equipment; the target water supply flow rate represents the planned water volume; the flow ratio represents the proportional relationship between the supply of the primary and auxiliary water sources; and dynamic adjustment refers to the continuous optimization and adjustment of the flow distribution plan based on real-time data. Monitoring equipment includes automated monitoring instruments such as flow meters and water level gauges.

[0049] After determining the water source startup sequence, joint water source scheduling and real-time optimization control are required. Specifically, the system first controls the start and stop of water sources according to the calculated time difference, ensuring that water flows from each source reach key nodes at the same time. At the same time, automatic monitoring equipment collects flow data from key nodes in real time, comparing the measured flow with the target flow. When deviations occur, the system calculates the required flow correction value. The correction amount is then proportionally allocated based on the distance of each water source to the key node, and the water supply flow of each water source is adjusted accordingly to maintain consistency between the total water supply and the target value.

[0050] In some embodiments, water source joint scheduling and optimized control can be achieved in a variety of ways: optionally, first establish a remote measurement and control system, including deploying automatic monitoring equipment, building a data transmission network, and developing a control software platform, and then collect and process monitoring data in real time, automatically adjust the gate opening based on the set control rules, and finally record the regulation effect and optimize the control parameters; optionally, build an intelligent scheduling model, first collect historical operation data to establish a machine learning model, then predict the flow change trend based on the real-time monitoring data, and finally dynamically optimize the scheduling plan based on the prediction results and issue control instructions. It is understandable that other automated control methods can also be used to achieve water source joint scheduling and optimized control, which are not limited here.

[0051] The following is a more detailed description of the process of the method provided by this implementation. Figure 2 , which is another flow chart of the irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0052] S201. Obtain geographic location information of all water sources and water delivery channels in the target irrigation area, and construct a water system connectivity topology map based on the geographic location information of the water sources and water delivery channels.

[0053] Among them, geographic location information refers to geographic data such as spatial coordinates and elevation; the water system connectivity topology map is a network structure map that describes the spatial relationship between water sources and water transmission channels. Nodes represent water sources and channel intersections, and lines represent water transmission channels.

[0054] The system uses the GIS geographic information system to obtain the spatial location data of all water sources and water channels within the irrigation area, including latitude, longitude, and elevation information. For water sources, the coordinates of their water intake locations are recorded; for water channels, the coordinates of their starting points, end points, and key turning points are collected to form channel route data. The system imports the acquired spatial data into a database to establish a unified spatial reference system. Based on this, the system uses graph theory to construct water system topology relationships, treating water sources and channel intersections as network nodes and water channels as network edges. The connection relationships and distance attributes between nodes are recorded, ultimately generating a complete water system connectivity topology map for subsequent hydrological analysis and calculations.

[0055] S202: Calculate the connectivity of each node according to the topology graph, and select nodes with a connectivity greater than a preset connectivity threshold as candidate confluence points.

[0056] Among them, connectivity represents the number of direct connections between a node and other nodes; connectivity threshold is the criterion for screening important nodes; candidate confluence points refer to locations that may serve as key water transfer nodes.

[0057] The system performs a connectivity analysis on the constructed water system topology, calculating the number of channels directly connected to each node. For a given node, the system counts the number of channels intersecting it, representing the node's connectivity. The system sets a connectivity threshold of 3, meaning that only nodes with at least three channels converging qualify as control nodes. The system traverses all nodes and selects those with a connectivity greater than or equal to 3 as candidate confluence points. These candidate points are typically located at the intersection of major water transmission channels and have strong water flow convergence and distribution capabilities.

[0058] S203: Calculate the water-passing capacity of the candidate confluence point and the hydraulic parameters of the canal system, where the hydraulic parameters of the canal system include flow velocity, water depth, and hydraulic gradient.

[0059] Among them, water flow capacity is the maximum water flow of the channel; flow velocity is the speed of water movement; water depth is the depth of water in the channel; hydraulic gradient is the longitudinal slope of the water surface.

[0060] The system uses hydraulic calculation methods to analyze the hydraulic characteristics of candidate confluence points. First, the water flow area is calculated based on the channel cross-sectional dimensions, and the maximum water flow rate is calculated using the Manning formula. During the specific calculation, the system uses the measured channel roughness coefficient and considers geometric parameters such as the channel cross-sectional shape and slope ratio. For flow velocity calculation, the system establishes a mathematical model of water flow based on the continuity equation and the energy equation to solve the flow velocity distribution under different working conditions. The water depth is determined by the difference between the channel design water level and the bottom elevation. The hydraulic gradient is calculated based on the upstream and downstream water level difference and the channel length. The system stores the calculated hydraulic parameters in a database for evaluating the hydraulic performance of the candidate confluence point.

[0061] S204: Compare the water-passing capacity and the hydraulic parameters of the canal system with a preset parameter range, and select a candidate confluence point that meets the preset parameter range as a key water transfer node.

[0062] Among them, the preset parameter range is the reasonable value range of hydraulic parameters, including the lower limit of water flow capacity, flow rate range, water depth range and hydraulic gradient range; the key water transfer node is a control node with sufficient water transfer capacity and suitable hydraulic conditions.

[0063] The system compares and analyzes the hydraulic parameters of candidate confluence points with the preset standard range. The water flow capacity is required to be greater than 50 cubic meters per second to ensure sufficient water transmission capacity; the flow rate range is between 0.3-1.5 meters per second to avoid siltation or scouring; the water depth is required to be between 1-3 meters to ensure water transmission safety; the hydraulic gradient is controlled between 0.0001-0.001 to maintain reasonable hydraulic conditions. The system checks the parameters of each candidate confluence point one by one. When all parameters of a point fall within the preset range, it is identified as a key water transmission node. The system records the location information and hydraulic characteristic data of the selected key water transmission nodes in the control node database as basic data for subsequent water source scheduling.

[0064] S205. Calculate characteristic parameters of the water transmission path from each water source to the key water transmission node according to the geographical location of the key water transmission node. The characteristic parameters of the water transmission path include the length of the water transmission path, the cross-sectional characteristics of the channel, and the water supply capacity.

[0065] Among them, the length of the water transmission path is the actual canal distance from the water source to the key node; the channel cross-sectional characteristics include geometric parameters such as cross-sectional shape and size; and the water supply capacity is the minimum water flow capacity on the water transmission path.

[0066] The system calculates the water transfer characteristics from each water source to the key water transfer nodes based on the water system topology map. First, the Dijkstra shortest path algorithm is used to calculate the shortest water transfer path from each water source to the key node, and the actual length of each channel section on the path is accumulated. Then, the cross-sectional data of all channels on the path are extracted, including geometric parameters such as bottom width, slope ratio, and design water depth. For trapezoidal sections, the system calculates the water flow area and wetted perimeter of each section, and then obtains the hydraulic radius. The water supply capacity depends on the minimum water flow capacity of each channel section on the water transfer path. The system calculates the water flow capacity of each channel section through the Manning formula, and extracts the minimum value as the water supply capacity limit of the entire water transfer path. The system stores the calculated characteristic parameters in the path feature database.

[0067] S206: The water source with the shortest water transmission path and the largest water supply capacity is used as the main water source, and the remaining water sources are used as auxiliary water sources, and the target water supply flow rate of each water source is calculated.

[0068] Among them, the main water source is the water source that undertakes the main water supply task; the auxiliary water source is the secondary water source used as a supplement; and the target water supply flow is the planned water volume that each water source needs to supply.

[0069] The system classifies water sources and allocates flow rates based on calculated water transmission route characteristic parameters. The system first compares the transmission route lengths and water supply capacities of each water source, selecting the source with the shortest transmission distance and the greatest water supply capacity as the primary water source. For example, if there are three water sources located 5, 8, and 12 kilometers from a key node, respectively, and with water supply capacities of 40, 60, and 30 cubic meters per second, the source with a distance of 5 kilometers and a water supply capacity of 40 cubic meters per second is selected as the primary water source. The remaining water sources are designated as auxiliary water sources. Based on the total water supply demand at the key node, the system allocates target flow rates according to the supply capacity ratio of each water source. For example, if the total demand is 100 cubic meters per second, based on a water supply capacity ratio of 40:60:30, the target flow rates allocated to the three water sources are 31, 46, and 23 cubic meters per second, respectively. The system stores the water source classification results and flow allocation plan in the scheduling plan database.

[0070] S207. Calculate the movement time from the main water source and the auxiliary water source to the key node, where the movement time from the main water source to the key node is T1, and the movement time from the auxiliary water source to the key node is T2, and control the start-up time of the auxiliary water source to be later than the main water source T2-T1 time.

[0071] Among them, the movement time refers to the time required for water to flow from the water source through the channel to reach the key node; T1 is the movement time of the main water source flow; T2 is the movement time of the auxiliary water source flow; the start time refers to the moment when water supply starts.

[0072] The system uses hydraulic calculations to determine water flow time. For each water transmission route, the system first divides the channel into several calculation sections, with each section spaced no more than 100 meters apart. Based on the geometric characteristics and hydraulic parameters of the sections, the Saint-Venant equation is applied to calculate the water velocity. The system discretizes the governing equations using a four-point implicit difference scheme and solves the discrete equations using the pursuit method to obtain the velocity distribution for each section. The system then divides the length of the water transmission route by the average flow velocity to calculate the water flow time from the source to the key node. For example, if the main water source is 2000 meters from the key node and has an average flow velocity of 0.8 m / s, the flow time T1 is 2500 seconds (approximately 42 minutes). If the auxiliary water source is 3500 meters away and has an average flow velocity of 0.7 m / s, the flow time T2 is 5000 seconds (approximately 83 minutes). Based on this, the system delays the start of the auxiliary water source by T2 minus T1, or 2500 seconds (approximately 41 minutes).

[0073] S208 , calculating the time difference ΔT between the movement time T1 of the main water source to the key water transfer node and the movement time T2 of the auxiliary water source to the key water transfer node.

[0074] The time difference ΔT represents the time interval between the water flows from the two water sources reaching the key node, which is used to determine the delayed start time of the auxiliary water source.

[0075] The system performs a difference analysis on the calculated movement times. Using timestamp calculations, the system records the estimated time for each water source's water flow to reach the key node. The movement times of the main and auxiliary water sources are subtracted to obtain the time difference ΔT. The system uses a millisecond-level timer for time calculation to ensure timing accuracy. For example, in the above case, the main water source's movement time T1 is 2500 seconds (42 minutes), and the auxiliary water source's movement time T2 is 5000 seconds (83 minutes). The system calculates the time difference ΔT to be T2 - T1 = 2500 seconds (41 minutes). The system writes the calculated time difference data into the scheduling control database for subsequent startup sequence control.

[0076] S209: Start the main water source at the planned water supply time t0, and start the auxiliary water source at time t0+ΔT.

[0077] The planned water supply time t0 is the scheduled start time of water supply; t0+ΔT is the delayed start time of the auxiliary water source.

[0078] The system executes water source startup control. At the scheduled water supply time t0, the system sends a startup command to the main water source control device, opening the water gate to begin water supply. Simultaneously, a timer starts. When the timer reaches the preset delay time ΔT, the system sends a startup command to the auxiliary water source control device. For example, if the scheduled water supply time t0 is 8:00:00 and the time difference ΔT is 2500 seconds (41 minutes), the system will start the main water source at 8:00:00 and the auxiliary water source at 8:41:00 (t0 + ΔT). The system verifies the execution of startup control by collecting water source outflow data through real-time monitoring equipment and records the operating data in the monitoring database.

[0079] S210: Calculate the deviation between the real-time flow of the key water delivery node and the target water supply flow.

[0080] Among them, the real-time flow rate represents the current measured flow value of the key node; the target water supply flow rate represents the planned water supply; and the deviation value represents the difference between the real-time flow rate and the target flow rate.

[0081] The system performs flow deviation calculations. Electromagnetic flowmeters installed at key water transmission nodes collect real-time flow data every five minutes with an accuracy of 0.01 cubic meters per second. The system reads the target water flow rate for the current period and calculates the difference between the real-time flow rate and the target value. For example, if the target water flow rate is 2.5 cubic meters per second and the measured flow rate at a certain moment is 2.8 cubic meters per second, the system calculates a deviation of 0.3 cubic meters per second. The system writes this calculated deviation data to the monitoring database in real time for use in evaluating water supply operation status.

[0082] S211. When the deviation value exceeds a preset deviation range, a flow correction value is calculated.

[0083] The preset deviation range is the allowable flow fluctuation range; the flow correction value is the flow size that needs to be adjusted.

[0084] The system determines and corrects flow deviations. The preset deviation range is ±5% of the target flow rate, and the system compares the calculated deviation value with this range. If the deviation value exceeds the allowable range, the system calculates the flow rate adjustment required. For a target flow rate of 2.5 cubic meters per second, the allowable deviation range is ±0.125 cubic meters per second. If the measured deviation is 0.3 cubic meters per second, exceeding the allowable range by 0.175 cubic meters per second, the system treats this excess value as the flow rate value requiring correction. The system writes the correction value data into the control parameter database for subsequent flow adjustments.

[0085] S212: Allocate the flow correction value according to the distance ratio between the main water source and the auxiliary water source, and adjust the flow of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the allocated correction value.

[0086] Among them, the distance ratio is the ratio of the distance between each water source and the key node; the correction value allocation is to distribute the total correction amount to each water source in proportion.

[0087] The system distributes and adjusts flow correction values. Based on the distance data from the water source to key nodes, the system calculates the distance ratio. For example, if the distance to the primary water source is 2,000 meters and the distance to the auxiliary water source is 3,500 meters, the distance ratio is 2,000:3,500 (approximately 1:1.75). The system distributes corrections based on the inverse relationship of distance, with closer water sources taking on larger corrections. If a flow reduction of 0.175 cubic meters per second is required, the primary water source is reduced by 0.11 cubic meters per second, and the auxiliary water source is reduced by 0.065 cubic meters per second. The system sends corresponding flow adjustment commands to the control devices of each water source, precisely controlling the flow by adjusting the gate opening.

[0088] The following is a more detailed description of the process of the method provided by this implementation. Figure 2, which is another flow chart of the irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0089] S301. Divide the target irrigation area into multiple sub-irrigation areas, and set a secondary key water transfer node in each sub-irrigation area.

[0090] Among them, the sub-irrigation district represents a smaller management unit divided within the target irrigation district; the secondary key water transfer node represents an important control point within the sub-irrigation district, which is used to monitor and regulate the water supply conditions in the local area.

[0091] The system performs irrigation area zoning and node layout. First, based on factors such as topography, irrigation scale, and crop type, the target irrigation area is divided into multiple independently operated sub-irrigation areas. The following principles are followed when dividing: the area of each sub-irrigation area is between 500 and 1,000 hectares, the irrigation objects are relatively concentrated, and the water supply canal system is relatively independent. For example, a 5,000-hectare irrigation area is divided into 6 sub-irrigation areas, namely: Area A 800 hectares, Area B 750 hectares, Area C 900 hectares, Area D 850 hectares, Area E 800 hectares, and Area F 900 hectares. The system selects channel intersections or important water diversion points in each sub-irrigation area as secondary key water transfer nodes, and installs flow meters, water level meters and other monitoring equipment at the nodes. The selection principle is that the node location is located at the main branch of the sub-irrigation area's water supply channel and has the conditions for installing monitoring equipment.

[0092] S302: Calculate the movement time of each of the main water sources and each of the auxiliary water sources to each of the secondary key water delivery nodes.

[0093] The movement time refers to the time required for water to flow from the water source through the channel to the secondary key water transfer node.

[0094] The system calculates the travel time from each water source to its secondary nodes. For each water transmission route, the system first determines the water flow path, then divides the channel into calculation units and uses a hydrodynamic model to calculate the water propagation velocity. This calculation takes into account parameters such as the channel's cross-sectional characteristics, roughness coefficient, and hydraulic gradient. For example, in an irrigation district with three water sources (S1, S2, and S3) and six secondary nodes (N1-N6), the system calculates the travel time matrix as follows: S1 takes 25 minutes to N1 and 35 minutes to N2; S2 takes 30 minutes to N3 and 40 minutes to N4; S3 takes 28 minutes to N5 and 38 minutes to N6. The system stores these calculations in an operating parameter database, which serves as the basis for developing water supply plans.

[0095] S303: Construct a water source combination water supply plan based on the movement time, each of the water source combination water supply plans including at least two main water sources and at least one auxiliary water source.

[0096] Among them, the water source combination water supply plan refers to the scheduling plan for coordinated water supply from multiple water sources, including the selection of water sources, water supply timing and flow distribution.

[0097] The system constructs a water source combination supply plan. Based on the calculated movement time, the system combines water sources with similar distances and small movement time differences to form multiple water supply plans. Each plan contains at least two main water sources and one auxiliary water source to ensure the reliability of water supply. For example, the water source combination plan for a certain irrigation area is as follows: Plan 1 uses S1 and S2 as the main water sources and S3 as the auxiliary water source, with the water supply range covering N1, N2, and N3; Plan 2 uses S2 and S3 as the main water sources and S1 as the auxiliary water source, with the water supply range covering N4, N5, and N6. Based on the water supply capacity of each water source and the water demand of the sub-irrigation area, the system calculates the water supply flow distribution plan for each water source and writes the water supply plan data into the scheduling plan database.

[0098] S304: Calculate the total movement time of each water source combination water supply plan, and select the water source combination water supply plan with the shortest total movement time as the preferred water supply plan.

[0099] Among them, the total movement time refers to the sum of the movement times of all water sources in the water source combination plan; the optimal water supply plan refers to the water source combination plan with the shortest total movement time.

[0100] The system performs time evaluation and optimization of water supply plans. For each water source combination plan, the system calculates the total movement time of each water source. During the calculation process, the movement time data of each water source to the secondary node is first read, and then the movement time in the same water supply plan is accumulated. For example, in Plan 1, the time from S1 to N1 is 25 minutes, the time from S2 to N2 is 35 minutes, and the time from S3 to N3 is 30 minutes, with a total movement time of 90 minutes; in Plan 2, the time from S2 to N4 is 40 minutes, the time from S3 to N5 is 28 minutes, and the time from S1 to N6 is 45 minutes, with a total movement time of 113 minutes. The system compares the total movement time of each plan, selects Plan 1 with a total time of 90 minutes as the preferred water supply plan, and writes the detailed parameters of the plan into the scheduling control database.

[0101] S305. Determine the start-up sequence of each water source according to the movement time difference of each water source in the preferred water supply scheme, and adjust the flow ratio of each water source in the preferred water supply scheme based on the real-time monitoring data of each secondary key water transmission node.

[0102] Among them, the start-up sequence refers to the order and time interval in which each water source starts to supply water; the flow ratio refers to the proportion of the water supply of each water source in the total water supply.

[0103] The system implements timing control and flow regulation for water supply plans. Based on the movement time of each water source in the preferred plan, the system calculates the time difference between adjacent water sources. For Plan 1, S1 to N1 takes 25 minutes, S2 to N2 takes 35 minutes, and S3 to N3 takes 30 minutes. The system schedules the start-up sequence according to the movement time from shortest to longest: S1 starts first, S3 starts 10 minutes later, and S2 starts 5 minutes later. The system collects real-time flow data from flow monitoring devices installed at secondary nodes. When the system monitors the flow rate of N1 at 2.5 cubic meters per second, N2 at 2.2 cubic meters per second, and N3 at 2.0 cubic meters per second, the system calculates the actual flow ratio to be 37:33:30, which deviates from the designed ratio of 35:35:30. It then sends adjustment instructions to the water source control device to reduce the flow rate of S1 by 0.13 cubic meters per second and increase the flow rate of S2 by 0.13 cubic meters per second.

[0104] S306: Acquire real-time water level data of the upstream channel section of the key water transfer node, and establish a water level-flow relationship curve based on the real-time water level data.

[0105] Among them, real-time water level data refers to the current water level value of the upstream channel section of the key node; the water level-flow relationship curve is a function curve that describes the corresponding relationship between water level and flow.

[0106] The system establishes a water level-flow relationship model. Through the water level gauge installed in the upstream canal section, the system collects water level data every 1 minute and records the flow value at the corresponding moment. The collection cycle lasts 24 hours, and flow data pairs under different water level conditions are obtained. For example, in a certain collection, it was recorded that the water level of 1.2 meters corresponds to a flow of 2.1 cubic meters per second, the water level of 1.4 meters corresponds to a flow of 2.5 cubic meters per second, and the water level of 1.6 meters corresponds to a flow of 2.9 cubic meters per second. The system uses the least squares method to fit the collected data points and establish a functional relationship between water level H and flow Q: Q=aH^b, where a and b are fitting coefficients. The system stores the established relationship curve in the model parameter library for subsequent flow estimation and control.

[0107] S307: Calculate the predicted water level of the key water transfer node according to the water level-flow relationship curve.

[0108] Among them, the predicted water level refers to the water level value at a future moment estimated based on the water level-flow relationship curve.

[0109] The system performs water level prediction calculations. Based on the established water level-flow relationship curve Q=aH^b, the system first obtains the current flow value and water level change trend. Using the time series prediction method, the system establishes a recursive calculation model with a prediction time of 30 minutes. For example, the current flow is 2.5 cubic meters per second, the relationship curve parameters a=2.1, b=1.5, and the system obtains the predicted water level H=(2.5 / 2.1)^(1 / 1.5)=1.42 meters by inversely solving the equation. At the same time, the system calculates that the water level rise rate in the last 10 minutes is 0.02 meters / minute, and based on this, it predicts that the water level will reach 2.02 meters in 30 minutes. The system writes the prediction results into the early warning database for safety warning and flow control.

[0110] S308: When the predicted water level exceeds the safe water level threshold, the flow reduction that needs to be reduced is calculated.

[0111] Among them, the safe water level threshold refers to the maximum water level limit allowed by the channel; the flow reduction refers to the amount of flow that needs to be reduced.

[0112] The system makes over-limit judgments and calculates the amount of flow reduction. The safe water level threshold is determined by the channel design parameters, and the system compares the predicted water level with the threshold. When the predicted water level exceeds the threshold, the system reversely calculates the flow that needs to be reduced based on the water level-flow relationship curve. For example, the safe water level threshold of a certain channel section is 1.8 meters. When the predicted water level is 2.02 meters, it exceeds the threshold by 0.22 meters. According to the relationship curve, the water level of 2.02 meters corresponds to a flow of 3.1 cubic meters per second, and the water level of 1.8 meters corresponds to a flow of 2.7 cubic meters per second. The system calculates that the flow that needs to be reduced is 0.4 cubic meters per second. The system writes the flow reduction data into the control parameter database.

[0113] S309: Determine a flow reduction ratio for reducing the flow based on the distance between the main water source and the auxiliary water source; and adjust the flow of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the flow reduction ratio.

[0114] Among them, the flow reduction ratio refers to the proportional relationship between the flow reduction shared by each water source.

[0115] The system allocates and adjusts flow reductions. Based on the distance data from the water source to the key node, the system determines the distribution plan for flow reduction. Water sources that are closer will bear a larger reduction ratio to achieve a faster water level regulation effect. For example, the main water source is 2,000 meters away from the key node, and the auxiliary water source is 3,500 meters away. The system determines the reduction ratio as 64:36 based on the inverse ratio of distance. When the total flow needs to be reduced by 0.4 cubic meters per second, the main water source will be reduced by 0.256 cubic meters per second, and the auxiliary water source will be reduced by 0.144 cubic meters per second. The system sends flow adjustment instructions to the control equipment of each water source, achieving flow reduction by changing the gate opening. At the same time, the system continuously monitors water level changes to confirm the reduction effect.

[0116] S310. Continuously monitor the water level changes of the key water transfer node. When the water level drops below the safe water level, resume water supply according to the original target water supply flow rate.

[0117] Among them, water level change refers to the change process of real-time water level data of key water transmission nodes over time; safe water level refers to the maximum allowable water level designed for the channel; and the original target water supply flow refers to the planned supply flow value.

[0118] The system performs water level monitoring and flow recovery control. Through water level sensors installed at key water transfer nodes, the system collects water level data every 30 seconds. When the water level is detected to continue to drop and is 0.1 meters below the safe water level, the system starts the flow recovery procedure. For example, the safe water level of a certain canal section is 1.8 meters. When the water level drops to 1.7 meters and remains stable for 5 consecutive minutes, the system restores the flow in two stages: in the first stage, the main water source flow is increased from 2.244 cubic meters per second to 2.4 cubic meters per second, and after an interval of 10 minutes, the auxiliary water source flow is increased from 1.856 cubic meters per second to 2.1 cubic meters per second, and finally restored to the original target water supply flow of 4.5 cubic meters per second. The system continuously monitors water level changes during the recovery process to ensure that the water level no longer exceeds the safety limit.

[0119] S311. Calculate a deviation sequence between the actual water supply flow rates of the main water source and the auxiliary water source and the target water supply flow rates.

[0120] The actual water supply flow rate refers to the flow rate value actually supplied by the water source; the deviation sequence refers to the time series data consisting of the difference between the actual flow rate and the target flow rate.

[0121] The system calculates a flow deviation sequence. Using a flow meter installed at the water source, the system records the actual water flow rate every minute and simultaneously reads the target water flow rate at the corresponding moment. The system calculates the difference between the two flow values and constructs a deviation sequence from this difference data over 24 consecutive hours. For example, if the target flow rate of the main water source during a certain period is 2.4 cubic meters per second, and the actual flow rates recorded are 2.35, 2.38, 2.42, and 2.37 cubic meters per second, the system calculates the deviation values to be -0.05, -0.02, 0.02, and -0.03 cubic meters per second, respectively. If the target flow rate of the auxiliary water source is 2.1 cubic meters per second, and the actual flow rates are 2.05, 2.08, 2.12, and 2.07 cubic meters per second, the corresponding deviation values are -0.05, -0.02, 0.02, and -0.03 cubic meters per second. The system stores the deviation sequence data in the analysis database.

[0122] S312: Perform time series analysis on the deviation sequence to obtain a deviation change trend, and establish a flow prediction model based on the deviation change trend.

[0123] Among them, time series analysis refers to the statistical analysis of data with time sequence; the deviation change trend refers to the law of deviation value change over time; the flow prediction model is a mathematical model used to predict flow values at future moments.

[0124] The system performs deviation analysis and model construction. It uses an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model to analyze the deviation series and extract its periodic and trend characteristics. The system first tests the deviation series for stationarity, calculates the autocorrelation coefficient and partial autocorrelation coefficient, and determines the model order. For example, an analysis of the 24-hour deviation series of a water source revealed a 2-hour periodic fluctuation with a decreasing amplitude. Based on this, the system established an ARMA(2,1) model. The model parameters were determined using maximum likelihood estimation, resulting in the prediction equation: Xt=0.7Xt-1+0.2Xt-2+εt-0.3εt-1, where Xt represents the deviation value at time t and εt represents the random error term. The system writes the prediction model into the model library for real-time prediction and flow control.

[0125] S313: Calculate the predicted traffic volume for the next period based on the traffic prediction model.

[0126] Among them, the predicted traffic refers to the traffic value of the next time period calculated according to the prediction model; the next time period refers to a predicted time point in the future, usually 5-15 minutes later.

[0127] The system performs flow forecast calculations. Based on the established ARMA (2,1) forecasting model, the system reads the deviation values and random error term data for the last two time periods. This data is substituted into the forecast equation Xt = 0.7Xt-1 + 0.2Xt-2 + εt-0.3εt-1 for calculation. For example, the deviation value at the current moment t is -0.03 cubic meters per second, the deviation value at the previous moment is 0.02 cubic meters per second, and the random error term is 0.01 cubic meters per second. The system calculates the forecast deviation value for the next time period as: -0.03×0.7+0.02×0.2+0.01-0.01×0.3=0.0127 cubic meters per second. The system adds this forecast value to the current target flow rate of 4.5 cubic meters per second to obtain a forecast flow rate of 4.5127 cubic meters per second for the next time period.

[0128] S314: When the deviation of the predicted flow exceeds a preset range, adjust the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source.

[0129] Among them, the preset range refers to the allowable flow deviation range; the flow ratio refers to the water supply ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source.

[0130] The system performs flow adjustment control. The system compares the predicted flow with the target flow, and the preset allowable deviation range is ±3% of the target flow. When the predicted deviation exceeds this range, the system recalculates the flow ratio of the water source. For example, the target flow is 4.5 cubic meters per second, and the allowable deviation range is ±0.135 cubic meters per second. When the predicted flow is 4.7 cubic meters per second, which exceeds the upper limit of 0.065 cubic meters per second, the system adjusts the original flow ratio of 53:47 to 51:49. The specific adjustments are: the main water source flow is reduced from 2.4 to 2.295 cubic meters per second, and the auxiliary water source flow is increased from 2.1 to 2.205 cubic meters per second. The system executes the flow adjustment instructions through the control device.

[0131] S315: Record the adjustment effect of the flow ratio, and use the adjustment effect to update the parameters of the flow prediction model.

[0132] Among them, the adjustment effect refers to the change in actual flow after the flow ratio is adjusted; the model parameter update refers to the correction of the prediction model according to the actual effect.

[0133] The system performs effect evaluation and model updates. Within 15 minutes after the flow adjustment, the system records actual flow data every 1 minute and calculates the deviation from the target flow. This data is compared and analyzed with the predicted values before the adjustment to calculate the prediction accuracy. For example, after the adjustment, the actual flow rates collected continuously were 4.52, 4.51, 4.49, and 4.50 cubic meters per second, with corresponding deviations of 0.02, 0.01, -0.01, and 0.00 cubic meters per second, indicating a good adjustment effect. Based on this new sample data, the system recalculates the parameters of the ARMA model using the maximum likelihood estimation method, updating the prediction equation to: Xt=0.65Xt-1+0.25Xt-2+εt-0.35εt-1. The system stores the updated model parameters in the database for use in the next round of flow forecasting.

[0134] The following describes the irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system in the embodiment of the present invention from the perspective of hardware processing. Figure 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of the irrigation area water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system in the embodiment of this application.

[0135] It should be noted that Figure 4 The structure of the irrigation area water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system shown is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0136] like Figure 4As shown, the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system includes a central processing unit (CPU) 401, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes, such as the methods described in the above embodiments, based on programs stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 402 or programs loaded from a storage unit 408 into a random access memory (RAM) 403. RAM 403 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. CPU 401, ROM 402, and RAM 403 are interconnected via a bus 404. An input / output (I / O) interface 405 is also connected to bus 404.

[0137] The following components are connected to the I / O interface 405: an input section 406 including an audio input device, push button switches, and the like; an output section 407 including a liquid crystal display (LCD), an audio output device, indicator lights, and the like; a storage section 408 including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section 409 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card or a modem. The communication section 409 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 410 is also connected to the I / O interface 405 as needed. Removable media 411, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory, is installed in the drive 410 as needed, so that computer programs read from the removable media can be installed in the storage section 408 as needed.

[0138] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program including a computer program for executing the methods illustrated in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 409 and / or installed from removable media 411. When executed by central processing unit (CPU) 401, the computer program performs the various functions defined in the present invention.

[0139] It should be noted that specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection having one or more conductors, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0140] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, program segment, or part of the code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings.

[0141] Specifically, the irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system of this embodiment includes a processor and a memory, and the memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the irrigation district water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0142] As another aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system described in the above embodiments, or may exist independently and not be incorporated into the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system. The storage medium carries one or more computer programs, and when executed by a processor of the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system, the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system implements the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method provided in the above embodiments.

[0143] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0144] As used in the above embodiments, the term “when” may be interpreted to mean “if” or “after” or “in response to determining that” or “in response to detecting that”, depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases “upon determining that” or “if (stated condition or event) is detected” may be interpreted to mean “if determining that” or “in response to determining that” or “upon detecting (stated condition or event)” or “in response to detecting (stated condition or event)”, depending on the context.

[0145] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the process steps in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing the relevant hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program can include the process steps in the above-described method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A method for calculating and analyzing the balance of water resources supply and demand in an irrigation area, characterized in that: Applied to the irrigation area water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system, the method includes: Obtaining geographic location information of all water sources and water delivery channels within the target irrigation area, and calculating, based on the geographic location information, confluence points on the main water delivery channels within the target irrigation area as key water delivery nodes; Calculate the water transmission path characteristic parameters from each water source to the key water transmission node according to the geographical location of the key water transmission node, wherein the water transmission path characteristic parameters include water transmission path length, channel cross-sectional characteristics and water supply capacity; The water source with the shortest water transmission path and the largest water supply capacity is selected as the main water source, and the remaining water sources are selected as auxiliary water sources, and the target water supply flow rate of each water source is calculated; Calculate the movement time from the main water source and the auxiliary water source to the key node, where the movement time from the main water source to the key node is T1, and the movement time from the auxiliary water source to the key node is T2, and control the start time of the auxiliary water source to be later than the main water source time T2-T1; The start-up sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source is controlled according to the movement time, and the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water transmission node and the target water supply flow.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of calculating the confluence point on the main water delivery channel in the target irrigation area as the key water delivery node based on the geographical location information specifically includes: Constructing a water system connectivity topology map based on the geographical location information of the water source and the water delivery channel; Calculating the connectivity of each node according to the topological graph, and selecting nodes with a connectivity greater than a preset connectivity threshold as candidate confluence points; Calculating the water-passing capacity of the candidate confluence point and the hydraulic parameters of the canal system, wherein the hydraulic parameters of the canal system include flow velocity, water depth, and hydraulic gradient; The water flow capacity and the hydraulic parameters of the canal system are compared with a preset parameter range, and a candidate confluence point that meets the preset parameter range is used as a key water transfer node.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of controlling the start-up sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the movement time specifically includes: Calculate the time difference ΔT between the movement time T1 of the main water source to the key water transfer node and the movement time T2 of the auxiliary water source to the key water transfer node; The main water source is started at the planned water supply time t0, and the auxiliary water source is started at the time t0+ΔT.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step of dynamically adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water delivery node and the target water supply flow rate specifically includes: Calculating the deviation between the real-time flow rate of the key water delivery node and the target water supply flow rate; When the deviation value exceeds a preset deviation range, calculating a flow correction value; The flow correction value is allocated according to the distance ratio between the main water source and the auxiliary water source, and the flow rates of the main water source and the auxiliary water source are adjusted according to the allocated correction values.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein After the steps of controlling the activation sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the movement time, and dynamically adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water transmission node and the target water supply flow, the method further includes: Dividing the target irrigation area into a plurality of sub-irrigation areas, and setting a secondary key water delivery node in each of the sub-irrigation areas; Calculating the movement time of each of the main water sources and each of the auxiliary water sources to each of the secondary key water delivery nodes; Constructing a water source combination water supply scheme based on the movement time, each of the water source combination water supply schemes includes at least two of the main water sources and at least one of the auxiliary water sources; Calculating the total movement time of each of the water source combination water supply schemes, and selecting the water source combination water supply scheme with the shortest total movement time as the preferred water supply scheme; The start-up timing of each water source is determined according to the movement time difference of each water source in the preferred water supply scheme; and the flow ratio of each water source in the preferred water supply scheme is adjusted based on the real-time monitoring data of each secondary key water transmission node.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After the steps of controlling the activation sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the movement time, and dynamically adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water transmission node and the target water supply flow, the method further includes: Acquiring real-time water level data of the upstream canal section of the key water transfer node, and establishing a water level-flow relationship curve based on the real-time water level data; Calculating the predicted water level of the key water delivery node according to the water level-flow relationship curve; When the predicted water level exceeds the safe water level threshold, calculating the flow reduction that needs to be reduced; determining a flow reduction ratio for reducing the flow rate based on the distance between the main water source and the auxiliary water source; and adjusting the flow rates of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the flow reduction ratio; Continuously monitor the water level changes of the key water transfer nodes, and when the water level drops below the safe water level, resume water supply according to the original target water supply flow rate.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After the steps of controlling the activation sequence of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the movement time, and dynamically adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source according to the real-time monitoring data of the key water transmission node and the target water supply flow, the method further includes: Calculating a deviation sequence between the actual water supply flow rates of the main water source and the auxiliary water source and the target water supply flow rates; Performing a time series analysis on the deviation sequence to obtain a deviation change trend, and establishing a flow prediction model based on the deviation change trend; Calculate the predicted flow rate for the next period according to the flow prediction model; When the deviation of the predicted flow exceeds a preset range, adjusting the flow ratio of the main water source and the auxiliary water source; The adjustment effect of the flow ratio is recorded, and the adjustment effect is used to update the parameters of the flow prediction model.

8. A calculation and analysis system for water resource supply and demand balance in irrigation areas, characterized in that: The irrigation area water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the irrigation area water resources supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system to execute the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed on the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system, the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on an irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system, the irrigation district water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis system is enabled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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